Russian Civil War Polities   

23 Sep 1918 - 16 Nov 1920

Kolchak's Personal Standard

23 Sep 1918                Provisional All-Russian Government formed at Ufa ("Ufa
                             Directory") by members of the former Russian National Assembly
                             dissolved  by the Bolsheviks.
18 Nov 1918                Ufa Directory disbanded, Kolchak takes power as the head of
                             "White" forces.
16 Nov 1920                Last "White" army under Baron Wrangel defeated by Soviet forces.

Chairmen of the Provisional All-Russian Government (PARG)("Ufa Directory")
23 Sep 1918 -  5 Nov 1918  Nikolay Dmitriyevich Avksentyev    (b. 1878 - d. 1943)  SRP
                             (in Ufa to 8 Oct 1918, then in Omsk)
 7 Nov 1918 - 12 Nov 1918  Vasily Georgiyevich Boldyrev       (b. 1875-d. af.1932) Mil
                             (in Omsk)
Supreme Governor
18 Nov 1919                Pyotr Vasilyevich Vologodsky       (b. 1863 - d. 1928)  SRP
                             (temporary head of state)
18 Nov 1918 - 15 Jan 1920  Aleksandr Vasilyevich Kolchak      (b. 1874 - d. 1920)  Mil
                             (to 12 Nov 1919 in Omsk, then Nizhneudinsk)
Commanders-in-chief of the Armed Forces of the South Russia
15 Jan 1920 -  4 Apr 1920  Anton Ivanovich Denikin            (b. 1872 - d. 1947)  Mil
                             (to Mar 1920 in Novorossiysk, then Sevastopol)
 4 Apr 1920 - 16 Nov 1920  Baron Pyotr Nikolayevich Wrangel   (b. 1878 - d. 1928)  Mil
                             (from 11 Apr 1920 styled Governor and Commander-in-Chief of
                             the Armed Forces in the South of Russia; from 19 Aug 1920
                             Governor of the South of Russia and Commander-in-Chief of
                             the Russian Army)(in Sevastopol)

Chairmen of the Council of Ministers
 4 Nov 1918 - 22 Nov 1919  Pyotr Vasilyevich Vologodsky       (s.a.)               SRP 
                             (appointed by the PARG; discharged by Kolchak) 
23 Nov 1919 - 15 Jan 1920  Viktor Nikolayevich Pepelyayev     (b. 1885 - d. 1920)
                             (appointed by Kolchak; arrested 15 Jan 1920)
Chairman of the Government of the South of Russia
19 Aug 1920 - 11 Nov 1920  Aleksandr Vasilyevich Krivoshein   (b. 1857 - d. 1921)
                             (in Sevastopol)

Party abbreviations: KDP = Constitutional Democrat Party or "Kadets" (conservative, social-democratic); RCP = Russian Communist Party of Bolsheviks; SRP = Socialist Revolutionary Party "SRs" (socialist, party split 1917 with new "Left Socialist Revolutionary Party" which was more Marxist); Mil = Military

 8 Jun 1918             Underground committee set up by members of the Russian
                          Constituent Assembly dissolved by Bolsheviks in Jan 1918.
Sep 1918                Committee of Members of the Constituent Assembly created 
                          after occupation of Samara by Czechoslovakian troops.
23 Sep 1918             Renamed Congress of Members of the Constituent Assembly.
Dec 1918                Abolished by Kolchak.
 

Chairmen of the Committee of Members of the Constituent Assembly 
 8 Jun 1918 - Sep 1918  Underground Committee of the Constituent Assembly
                        - I.M. Brushvit
                        - Vladimir Kazimirovich Volsky         (b. 1877 - d. 1937)
                        - P.D. Klimushkin
                        - I.P. Nesterov
                        - B.K. Fortunatov
Sep 1918 - 23 Sep 1918  Vladimir Kazymirovich Volsky           (s.a.)
Chairman of the Congress of Members of the Constituent Assembly 
23 Sep 1918 - Dec 1918  Vladimir Kazymirovich Volsky           (s.a.)

Chairman of Council of administrators
16 Aug 1918 - Dec 1918  Evgeniy Frantzevich Rogovsky

   At first "Greens" (Zelyoniye) was the name of troops who hid in the woods (in the northern Caucasus and Crimean peninsula) and consisted of persons who had avoided mobilization into the army or deserters from both "Red" and "White" armies.  At first "Greens" were non-political and made previously diversionary raids with different "Green" detachments supported various Communist (red), anti-Communist (white), anarchist (black) or nationalist movements. 

   The largest Green Army existed in Black sea coast of Caucasus was the [pro-Communist] Kubano-Black Sea Red-Green Army (est. 15,000 persons) that resisted Denikin's Russian Volunteer Army in the summer of 1919 on the territory between Anapa and Adler. This Army and had no central commander and consisted of separate troops. In the winter of 1920 there were forces
under the Green 'Soviet' Army between Anapa and Tuapse (under commandant P.M. Morits) and Black Sea Peasants' Militia (between Sochi and Adler) that merged in Mar 1920 to form Red Army of Black Sea Land (est. 12,000 persons, under commandant Ye.S. Kazansky); it joined together with the "Red" Army to destroy Denikin's forces in the northern Caucasus. 

   Pro-Communist "Green" (called "Red-Green") partisan troops in Crimea merged in Aug 1920 into the Rebel Army of Crimea (under commandant A.V. Mokrousov) and joined together with "Red" Army against Wrangel's "White" forces. 

   Some "Greens" joined the "White" movement, these were often called "White-Greens." The best known of these forces was the Army for Revival of Russia (in 1920 under command of General Fostikov) in the northern Caucasus. 

   By mid-1920 nearly all the "Green" forces were dissolved, with some becoming part of Red Army.

North and Northwest

10 Oct 1918                Northern Russian Volunteer Army established in Pskov, occupied by
                             Germany already since 24 Feb 1918.
Nov 1918                   North-Western Russian Regional Government appointed in Pskov by the
                             North-Western Russian Regional Defense Council.
25 Nov 1918                Pskov taken by the Soviet Russian troops, government dissolved and
                             in 5 Dec 1918 the army went under the Estonian service.
13 May 1919                North-Western Russian Army, established in Narva, Estonia, in 8 Mar
                             1919, invaded Russia and occupying Yamburg (now Kingisepp).
25 May 1919                Northern Russian Army, restored in the southern part of Estonia in
                             Feb 1919, invaded Russia and occupying Pskov.
15 Jun 1919                Northern Russian Army merged with North-Western Russian Army.
11 Aug 1919                North-Western Regional Russian Government, subordinated to the
                             Supreme Ruler of Russian State, restored in Tallinn, Estonia, by 
                             the Political Conference, established 24 May 1919 in Helsinki, 
                             Finland (moved to Tallinn 29 Jul 1919).
26 Aug 1919 - 15 Oct 1919  Pskov briefly taken by the Soviet Russian troops.
18 Oct 1919                North-Western Russian Army reached Tsarskoye Selo, a suburb of
                             Petrograd, but was defeated by the Soviet Russian troops.
 5 Dec 1919                North-Western Regional Russian Government dissolved as all
                             territories were lost to Soviet Russia, the army interned by the 
                             Estonian government.

Commander of the Northern Russian Volunteer Army (in Pskov, later Narva)
12 Oct 1918 - 17 Nov 1918  Aleksey Yefimovich Vandam              (b. 1867 - d. 1933)
17 Nov 1918 - Dec 1918     von Neff
Commander of the Northern Russian Army (in Narva)
25 May 1919 -  1 Jul 1919  Aleksandr Pavlovich Rodzyanko          (b. 1879 - d. 1970)
Commander of the North-Western Russian Army (in Narva)
11 Aug 1919 -  5 Dec 1919  Nikolay Nikolayevich Yudenich          (b. 1862 - d. 1933)

Chairman of the North-Western Regional Russian Government and of the 
North-Western Russian Regional Defence Council
12 Oct 1918 - 17 Nov 1918  Aleksey Yefimovich Vandam              (b. 1867 - d. 1933)
Chairman of the Political Conference
24 May 1919 -  5 Dec 1919  A.V. Kartashev

Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the North-Western 
Russian Regional Government (in Tallin)
11 Aug 1919 -  5 Dec 1919  Stepan Georgyevich Lianozov            (b. 1872 - d. 1951)

 2 Aug 1918                High Administration of Northern Region 
 6 Sep 1918                Provisional Government of the Northern Region
30 Apr 1919                Recognizes Kolchak government.
19 Feb 1920                Abolished by Soviet forces.

Governor-generals of the Northern Region (Severnogo oblasti)
28 Sep 1918 - 19 Nov 1918  Boris Andreevich Durov                 (b. 1878 - d. 1977)  Mil
19 Nov 1918 - 13 Jan 1919  Vladimir Vladimirovich Marushevskiy    (b. 1874 - d. 1952)  Mil
13 Jan 1919 - 19 Feb 1920  Evgeniy Karlovich Miller               (b. 1867 — d. 1937)  Mil

Chairman of the Supreme Administration of Northern Region
 2 Aug 1918 -  6 Sep 1918  Nikolay Vasilyevich Chaikovsky         (b. 1850 - d. 1926)  NSP
Chief of the Civil Administration
 6 Sep 1918 -  9 Sep 1918  Nikolay Aleksandrovich Starchev        (b. 1873 - d. 19..)  KDP
Chief of the Military Administration
 6 Sep 1918 -  9 Sep 1918  Boris Andreyevich Durov                (s.a.)               Mil
Chairman of the Supreme Administration of Northern Region
 9 Sep 1918 - 28 Sep 1918  Nikolay Vasilyevich Yaykovskiy         (b. 1850 - d. 1926)  NSP
Chairman of the Provisional Temporary Government of the Northern Region
28 Sep 1918 - 10 Sep 1919  Nikolay Vasilyevich Yaykovskiy         (s.a.)               NSP
                            (from 30 Apr 1919, recognizes Kolchak government)
Chief Head of Northern Region (Severnogo kraya)
10 Sep 1919 -  7 Feb 1920  Evgeniy Karlovich Miller               (s.a.)               Mil
Chairman of the Zemstvo and City Council
 7 Feb 1920 - 19 Feb 1920  Evgeniy Karlovich Miller               (s.a.)               Mil

Western Ingria (Kosemkina)

Chairman of governing council
Jan 1919 - Jan 1921      Pietari Toikka

Chairmen of governing council
 9 Jul 1919 - Sep 1919   Santeri Termonen
14 Sep 1919 - Nov 1919   Juho Pekka Kokko              (b. 1865 - d. 1939)
16 Nov 1919 - May 1920   Georg (Yrjö) Elfvengren       (b. 1889 - d. 1927)
Jun 1920 -  5 Dec 1920   Jukka Tirranen

Pskov Voyevodship


Commandants (subordinate to North-Western Army under Yudenich)
25 May 1919 - 23 Aug 1919  Stanislav Nikodimovich Bulak-Balakhovich (b. 1883 - d. 1940)
23 Aug 1919 - 26 Aug 1919  Boris Sergeyevich Peremykin (Peremikin)  (b. 1890 - d. 1971)

Provisional Government of Arkhangelian (White-Sea) Karelia

                20 Mar 1920 - 1922 

 1 Jul 1919                Provisional Government of Arkhangelian Karelia founded in Ukhta
                            (Uhtua/Ukhta [now Okhta]) near the Finnish border.
May 1920                   Ukhta captured by Red Army; P.G.A.K. moved to
                             Voknavolok.
Jun 1920                   Most of Northern Karelia conquered by Red Army;
                             P.G.A.K. emigrated to Finland.
10 Dec 1920                Unification with Olonets Government to form
                             Karelian United Government.

Chairmen of the Government
21 Jul 1919 - 25 Mar 1920  A. Tikhonov
25 Mar 1920 - 10 Dec 1920  Kh. Tikhanov

                Adopted 21 Jun 1918

Note: South-Eastern Karelian lands between Lake Ladoga and Lake Onega.

May 1920                   Olonets Government of Southern Karelia founded in Olonets.
Aug 1920                   Olonets and Southern Karelia captured by Red
                             Army; O.G.S.K. emigrated to Finland.
10 Dec 1920                Unification with Provisional Government of
                             Arkhangelian Karelia to form Karelian United
                             Government.
Chairman of the Government
May 1920 - 10 Dec 1920     G. Kuttuyev

         20 Dec 1920 - 1922  State Flag

20 Dec 1920                Unification of Provisional Government of
                             Arkhangelian Karelia with Olonets Government of
                             Southern Karelia to form K.U.G. (in exile in
                             Finland).
21 Apr 1921                Republic of Eastern Karelia (Itä Karjala) declared
                             independent.
Oct 1921 -  Feb 1922       Intervention of Karelian military troops
                             supported by K.U.G. from territory of Finland
                             into Western Karelia. During Dec 1920 - Feb 1921
                             conquered territories were again liberated by
                             Russian Red Army.
1923                       Liquidation of K.U.G.

Chairman of the Government
20 Dec 1920 - 1923         P. Kyottinen

17 May 1919               Western Russian Volunteer Unit formed from Russian POWs in                             Germany.  May 1919                  Moved from Germany to Mitau, Latvia. 18 Aug 1919               Upgraded to a Corps.  2 Sep 1919               Separated from North Western Army as Western Russian Volunteer                             Army (ZDA).  3 Oct 1919               Germans transfer command of all units in Mitau, Latvia (Kurland)                             and Lithuania to the Western Russian Volunteer Army.   8 Oct 1919               Unilateral offensive against Riga started.  3 Nov 1919               Allied counter-offensive results in defeat of ZDA. 28 Nov 1919               Evacuated from Latvia. 13 Dec 1919               Evacuated from Lithuania.  2 Dec 1919               Western Russian Volunteer Army is dissolved. Commander-in-Chief of the Western Russian Volunteer Army (in Mitava, Latvia)  2 Sep 1919 -  2 Dec 1919  Pavel Rafaylovich Bermondt        (b. 1884 - d. 1973)                              (from 9 Oct 1919, Prince Avalov)  Chairman of the Administrative Council (in Mitava, Latvia)  6 Oct 1919 - 19 Nov 1919  Konstantin Johann Georg graf von  (b. 1861 - d. 1923)                              der Pahlen

Ukrainian Democratic Republic: see Ukraine

Volga and Ural Regions

Volga German Commune: see under Russian S.F.S.R. admin.

Idel-Ural

Note: Idel-Ural was the end of the dream of recreating the state of the Golden Horde (Altin Ordu). It was to be a free federation of Turkic and Ugro-Finnic peoples of Volga-Ural Region, remembering the glory of the Golden Horde.

20 Nov 1917          Congress of Muslims from Russia's Interior and Siberia proclaimed 
                       Independent State in the territory of Kazan and Ufa
                       governorates (guberni). Selection of the government of the 
                       state, Milli Idare. Creation of All-Russia Muslim
                       Military Council. Election of Idel-Ural delegates to Versailles
                       Conference
Feb 1918             Non-Muslim nations of Chuvashia, Udmurtia, Mari El and 
                       Mordovia (Moksho-erzia) joined the Tatars and Bashkirs in
                       the new state. 
Apr 1918             After the Brest Peace Treaty is concluded, Red Army liquidates 
                       administration. 
Jul 1918             With the help of the Czech Legion, the Idel-Ural administration
                       is restored. 
end 1918             Dissolved.

Head of National Administration (Milli idar)
12 Dec 1917 - 1918   Sadretdin Nizametdinovich Maxudov         (b. 1872/79 - d. 1957)
                       (Arsal Sadri Maxudi)(in exile from 1918)

Ural Provisional Provincial Government  (VOPU)

Aug 1918 - 10 Nov 1918 25 Jul 1918                Ekaterinburg occupied by the Czech Legion.  13 Aug 1918                Provisional Provincial Government of Ural Region (VOPU)                              formed in Ekaterinburg.  10 Nov 1918                Included within the All-Russian Provisional Government                             (see PARG above).  Chairman of the Provisional Provincial Government of Ural Region  13 Aug 1918 - 10 Nov 1918  Pyotr Valdimirovich Ivanov

10 Mar 1918                Black Sea Soviet Republic proclaimed in Black Sea province.
30 May 1918                United with Kuban Soviet Republic to form
                             Kubano-Black Sea Soviet Republic.
27 Mar 1920                Communist forces retake Novorossijsk.

Chairman of the Central Executive Committee
10 Mar 1918 - 30 May 1918  Avram Izrailevich Rubin     (b. 1883 - d. 1918)

Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars
10 Mar 1918 - 30 May 1918  ....

              4 May 1918 - 8 Jan 1920

 7 Mar 1917                Last (Czarist) appointed Ataman arrested.
 2 Dec 1917                Don Civil Council founded at Novocherkassk.
25 Feb 1918                Bolsheviks captured Novocherkassk, eventually establishing
                             a Don Soviet republic.
 8 May 1918                German and Cossack forces retake the area.
 8 Jan 1920                Province lost to Bolshevik forces, Cossacks retreat
                             towards Kuban & Crimea.

Ataman
 7 Mar 1917 - 1917         E.A. Voloshinov (acting)          (b. 18.. - d. 1918)
Chairmen of the Executive Committee of the Don
 2 Mar 1917 - 1917         Andrey Ivanovich Petrovskiy       (b. 1867 - d. 1924)  KDP
25 Mar 1917 -  7 Apr 1917  Central Council of Cossacks
                             (in Novocherkassk)
Chairman of the First Convention of the Don Cossacks
Apr 1917 - 26 May 1917     Mitrofan Petrovich Bogaevskiy     (b. 1881 – d. 1918)  Non-party
Chairman of the Military Circle (Assembly) of the Don
26 May 1917 - 18 Jun 1917  Mitrofan Petrovich Bogaevskiy     (s.a.)               Non-party
Ataman
19 Jun 1917 - 29 Jan 1918  Aleksey Maksimovich Kaledin       (b. 1861 - d. 1918)  Mil 

30 Jan 1918 - 25 Feb 1918  Anatoliy Mikhaylovich Nazarov     (b. 1876 - d. 1918)  Mil
 8 May 1918 - 16 May 1918  Pyotr Kharitonovich Popov         (b. 1867 - d. 1960)  Mil
                             (in exile since 25 Feb 1918)
16 May 1918 - 19 Feb 1919  Pyotr Nikolayevich Krasnov        (b. 1869 - d. 1947)  Mil
                             (acting)
Military Ataman of the Great Forces of the Don
19 Feb 1919 -  8 Jan 1920  Afrikan Petrovich Bogaevskiy      (b. 1872 - d. 1934)  Mil

Chairmen of the government
16 May 1918 - 19 Feb 1919  Afrikan Petrovich Bogaevskiy      (s.a.)               Mil
20 Feb 1919 -  1 Nov 1919  Pyotr Kharitonovich Popov         (s.a.)               Mil

               Adopted 4 May 1918

15 Sep 1918                Don-Kavkaz Union (anti-Bolshevik alliance); controls territories
                             of Don, Kuban, Astrakhan, Terek Cossack Hosts, Union of United
                             Highlanders of Northern Caucasus and Daghestan.
 8 Jan 1919                Alliance dissolved.

Ataman of Don Cossacks
15 Sep 1918 -  8 Jan 1919  Pytor Nikolayevich Krasnov          (b. 1869 - d. 1947)

25 Feb 1918                Bolsheviks captured Novocherkassk
25 Mar 1918                Don Soviet Republic established at Rostov-na-Donu.
 8 May 1918                German and Cossack forces retake the Rostov area;
                             government of Don Soviet Republic goes to Tsaritsyn
                             (Volgograd), then to Velikoknyazheskaya. 

Chairman of the Provisional Revolutionary Committee
25 Feb 1918 - 14 Apr 1918  Fyodor Grigoryevich Podtyolkov    (b. 1886 - d. 1918)
Chairman of the Central Executive Committee
14 Apr 1918 -  8 May 1918  Viktor Semyonovich Kovalyev       (b. 1883 - d. 1919)

Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars
14 Apr 1918 -  8 May 1918  Fyodor Grigoryevich Podtyolkov    (s.a.)

Kuban 

             Adopted 10 Feb 1919

Mar 1917                   Kuban Provisional Army Council founded in
                             Yekaterinoslav.
26 Mar 1917                last imperial Ataman removed, admin. taken over by commissioner
17 Jul 1917                Kuban declared a sovereign state within Russia.
16 Feb 1918                Kuban independence declared. 
14 Mar 1918 - 17 Aug 1918  Communist rule (see below)
 5 Dec 1918                Foundation of Kuban Territorial Council after
                             occupation of Kuban by Denikin's Russian
                             Voluntary Army (Kuban People's Republic).
17 Mar 1920                Ekaterinodar (Krasnodar) retaken by Communist forces.
 3 May 1920                Liquidation of Kuban Territorial Council with capitulation of
                             "White" Cossack forces in Kuban in Sochi and Tuapse.

Commissioner of Kuban oblast
 9 Mar 1917 - 11 Nov 1917  Lukich Bardizh                  (b. 1868 - d. 1918)  KDP
Military Ataman of the Cossack Forces of the Kuban and Administrator of the Kuban Region
11 Nov 1917 - 14 Mar 1918  Aleksandr Petrovich Filimonov   (b. 1867 - d. 1948)
14 Mar 1918 - 17 Aug 1918  communist rule (see below)
17 Aug 1918 - 24 Nov 1919  Aleksandr Petrovich Filimonov   (s.a.)
24 Nov 1919 - 30 Dec 1919  Nikolay Mitrofanovich Uspenskiy (b. 1875 - d. 1919)
Jan 1920 - 17 Mar 1920     Nikolay Andrianovich Bukretov   (b. 1876 - d. 1930) 

Chairman of the Kuban regional govt. (in Ekaterinodar [Krasnodar])
11 Nov 1917 - 14 Mar 1918  Luka Lavrentyevich Bych         (b. 1875? - d. 1944)
14 Mar 1918 - 17 Aug 1918  vacant
17 Aug 1918 -  6 Mar 1919  Mikola Stepanovich Ryabovol     (b. 1883 - d. 1919)
 6 Mar 1919 -  6 Nov 1919  Luka Lavrentyevich Bych         (s.a.)
 6 Nov 1919 - 17 Mar 1920  F.S. Sushkov

13 Apr 1918                Kuban Soviet Republic
30 May 1918                Kubano-Chernomorskaya Soviet Republic
 7 Jul 1918                Severo-Kavkazkaya Soviet Republic
16 Aug 1918                Ekaterinodar lost to Denikin, government exiled to Pyatigorsk.
11 Jan 1919                Formally liquidated

Chairman of the People's Revolutionary Committee of Kuban oblast
16 Feb 1918 - 13 Apr 1918  Yan Vasilyevich Poluyan          (b. 1891 - d. 1937)
Chairman of the Central Executive Committee
13 Apr 1918 - 30 May 1918  Yan Vasilyevich Poluyan          (s.a.)
30 May 1918 - 21 Oct 1918  Avram Izrailevich Rubin          (b. 1883 - d. 1918)

Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars
Apr 1918 - Dec 1918        Yan Vasilyevich Poluyan          (s.a.)

 1 Nov 1919                Provisional Federal Government of Russia created by Denikin
Mar 1920 - 4 Apr 1920      Government of Southern Russia created by Denikin in Novorossiysk.
17 Mar 1920                Ekaterinodar (Krasnodar) occupied by Communist forces.
14 Apr 1920                Government of Southern Russia created by Baron Wrangel in
                             Fyodosia.
22 Jul 1920                Proclaimed a territorial federation that included the territories
                             under Wrangel's control (southern Ukraine and Crimea). 
 4 Aug 1920                Cossack forces (of Don, Kuban, Terek and Astrahan) subjected
                             to VSYuR by agreement.
19 Aug 1920                A civil council composed of department heads is renamed
                            Government of the South of Russia, with Krivoshein as chairman.
15 Nov 1920                Wrangel leaves Sevastopol (02:40) aboard a British cruiser.
17 Nov 1920                Communist forces occupy Sebastopol. The Allies evacuate the 
                             remaining White forces.

Commanders-in-chief of the Armed Forces of the South Russia
18 Nov 1918 -  4 Apr 1920  Anton Ivanovich Denikin            (b. 1872 - d. 1947)  Mil
                             (to Mar 1920 in Novorossiysk, then Sevastopol)
 4 Apr 1920 - 16 Nov 1920  Baron Pyotr Nikolayevich Vrangel   (b. 1878 - d. 1928)  Mil
                             (from 11 Apr 1920 styled Governor and Commander-in-Chief of
                             the Armed Forces in the South of Russia; from 19 Aug 1920
                             Governor of the South of Russia and Commander-in-Chief of
                             the Russian Army)(in Sevastopol)
 

Chairmen of the special consultation with the commander-in-chief
31 Aug 1918 -  8 Oct 1918  Mikhail Vasilyevich Alekseyev      (b. 1857 - d. 1918)  Mil
 8 Oct 1918 - 25 Oct 1919  Avram Mikhaylovich Dragomirov      (b. 1868 - d. 1955)  Mil
Sep 1919 - 25 Oct 1919     Aleksandr Sergeyevich Lukomskiy    (b. 1868 - d. 1939)  Mil
                             (acting for Dragomirov)
25 Oct 1919 - 30 Dec 1919  Aleksandr Sergeyevich Lukomskiy    (s.a.)               Mil
Chairman of the advisory government with the commander in chief
30 Dec 1919 - 21 Feb 1920  Aleksandr Sergeyevich Lukomskiy    (s.a.)               Mil
Chairman of Council of Ministers of the Government of the South of Russia
21 Feb 1920 - 29 Mar 1920  Nikolay Mikhaylovich Melnikov      (b. 1881 - d. 1972)  Non-party
                             (in Novorossiysk)
29 Mar 1920 - 20 May 1920  Vacant
Chairman of the advice of the Ministry leaders with the commander-in-chief
20 May 1920 - 19 Aug 1920  Aleksandr Vasilyevich Krivoshein   (b. 1857 - d. 1921)  Non-party
Chairman of the Government of the South of Russia
19 Aug 1920 - 11 Nov 1920  Aleksandr Vasilyevich Krivoshein   (s.a.)               Non-party
                             (in Sevastopol)

 1 Jan 1918                Stavropol Soviet Republic founded  in Stavropol region.
Jul 1918                   United with Kubano-Black Sea Soviet Republic to
                             form North Caucasian Soviet Republic.
21 May 1918                Under White forces, communist government goes into exile at
                             Nevinnomysskaya.
29 Feb 1920                Communist forces retake Stavropol.

Chairman of the Government Executive Committee
 1 Jan 1918 - 14 May 1918  Grigoriy Ivanovich Mshcheryakov
14 May 1918 - 21 Jun 1918  I.K. Dejneko                                           Non-party

Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars
 8 Jan 1918 - 28 Apr 1918  Aleksandr Andreyevich Ponomarov   (b. 1876 - d. 1941)
28 Apr 1918 - 20 May 1918  ...

 3 Mar 1918                Terek Soviet Republic founded on by Congress Terek 
                             of Nations region at Pyatigorsk.
27 Jan 1919                Revolutionary Committee for Defense of T.S.R.
                             founded.
Feb 1919                   Occupied by Denikin's "White" Russian Voluntary Army.
17 Nov 1920                Some territory part of Mountain Autonomous Socialist
                             Soviet Republic.

Chairman of the Terek People's Council
 5 Mar 1918 - Aug 1918     Ye.S. Bogdanov
Chairman of the Central Executive Committee
Aug 1918 - Feb 1919        F.Kh. Bulle

Chairman of the Council of People's Commissioners
 5 Mar 1918 - 20 Jun 1918  Samuil Grigoryevich Buachidze          (b. 1882 - d. 1918)
20 Jun 1918 - Feb 1919     Yu.G. Pashkovsky

Daghestan
 

1829 - 1831	1831 - 1834	1834 - 1859
1877	1917 - Dec 1917; Mar 1918	1919 - 1920
Nov 1917 - Dec 1917 Terek flag	Dec 1917 - Mar 1918  Terek-Dagestan

12 Oct 1813                Sovereignty ceded by Iran to Russia by Treaty of Gulistan.
1828 - 1859                Imamate of Daghestan (in rebellion).
1859                       Reincorporated into Russian Empire.
 3 Apr 1917                Daghestan Special Commissariat created, recognizes rule 
                             of Russian provisional government.
20 Oct 1917 - Dec 1917     Provisional government of Terek-Dagestan.
Dec 1917                   Port Petrovsk Soviet seizes power. 
 4 Mar 1918                Terek Cossacks declare independence.
30? Mar 1918               Occupied by "White" forces.
19/25 Apr 1918-12 Aug 1918 Communists retake Port Petrovsk.
Oct 1918 - Nov 1918        Turkish occupation.
Nov 1918                   Occupied by Bolshevik forces.
Sep 1919 - 13 Nov 1920     Emirate of Daghestan
30 Mar 1920                Soviet Red Army takes port Petrovsk.
13 Nov 1920                Dagestan A.S.S.R.

Imams
1828 - 1832                Ghazi Muhammad (Ghazi Mullah)
1832 - 1834                Hamza Beg
1834 - 1859                Shamil bin Muhammad            (d. 1871)
1877 - 1877                Haji Muhammad
1917                       Nullah Naghm ad-Din bin
                             Muhammad (Gozinskiy)
1919 - 13 Nov 1920         Uzur Haji Khan 
Chairman of the Provisional Regional Executive
20 Oct 1917 - Dec 1917     Z. Temirkhanov
Chairmen of the Military Revolutionary Soviet in Port Petrovsk
1917 - 1918                Ullubuy Daniyalovich Buynaksky (b. 1890 - d. 1919)
1918                       Dzhalaleddin Korkmasov
Chairmen of the National Committee of the Berg-Region (Vedeno)
1918                       Nullah Naghm ad-Din bin
                             Muhammad (Gozinskiy) (1st time)
1919 - 1921                Nullah Naghm ad-Din bin 
                             Muhammad (Gozinskiy) (2nd time)
Chairmen of the Executive Committee
1918 - 1920                Dzhalaleddin Korkmasov
1920 - 1921                Said Ibrahimovich Gabiyev      (b. 1882 - d. 1963)

Head of government
 1 Dec 1917 - 13 Dec 1917  Mikhail Alexandrovich Karaulov  (b. 1878 - d. 1917)
Dec 1917 - Mar 1918        Prince Rashidkhan Kh. Kaplanov
Prime minister 
Sep 1919 - 13 Nov 1920     V. Dyshuinsky Arsanakuyev

Nov 1917                Mountain Republic founded in territories of
                          Chechnya, Ingushetia, North Ossetia and Daghestan.
21 Dec 1917             Independence from Russia declared.
Mar 1918                With founding of Terek Soviet Republic members
                          of government flee into exile in Georgia.
11 May 1918             Republic of the Mountain Peoples the Northern Caucasus 
                          and Daghestan (North Caucasian Mountain Republic) founded in
                          western Daghestan.
Aug 1918                Troops of (Soviet) Republic of Northern Caucasus occupy part 
                          Dagestan.
Sep 1918 - Nov 1918     Turkish occupation.
Nov 1918                Government moved to Temir-Khan-Shura (modern Buynaksk).
May 1919                Abolished with occupation by Denikin's "White" forces.
17 Nov 1920             Mountain People's Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic proclaimed
                          in Vladikavkaz (included territories of modern Alania
                          (North Ossetia), Kabardino-Balkaria, Chechnya, Ingushetia,
                          Dagestan and part of Karachayevo-Cherkessia.
20 Jan 1921             Foundation of Mountain A.S.S.R. within Russian S.F.S.R. 

Chairmen of the Government (prime ministers)
Nov 1917 - 1918            Abdulmajid Tapa Chermoyev 
1918                       Vassangirai Dzhabagi (1st time)
1918 - May 1919            Pshemaho Kotsev
1919                       Vassangirai Dzhabagi (2nd time)
Dictator
May 1919 -  Nov 1918       Prince N. Tarkovsky 

Mountain People's Government in Exile

11 Mar 1918                Mountain People's Government in Tiflis (modern
                             Tbilisi), Georgia exile.
May 1918                   Moved to Daghestan with founding of Republic of
                             Mountains of the Northern Caucasus.

Prime minister
11 Mar 1918 - May 1918    Abdulmajid Tapa Chermoyev 

North-Caucasian Emirate

Sep 1919                 North Caucasian Emirate founded (during rebellion against Russian
                           Voluntary Army) in Mountainous Chechnya with
                           capital at Vedeno.

Imam and Emir
Sep 1919 - Feb 1920  Sheikh Uzun-Hair Haji-khan

Chairman of the Council of Ministers
Sep 1919 - Feb 1920  M. Dyshninskiy-Arsanukayev

Jul 1918                   North Caucasian Soviet Republic founded on First Congress
                             of Councils of Northern Caucasus in Yekaterinodar.
17 Aug 1918                Yekaterinodar captured by Denikin's Russian
                             Voluntary Army. Capital of N.C.S.R. moved to
                             Pyatigorsk.
21 Oct 1918                Some members of Central Executive Committee
                             (A.A. Rubin, V.I. Krayny and others) arrested
                             and shot to death on the command of
                             I.L. Sorokin (commander of Red Army of Northern
                             Caucasus).
28 Oct 1918                Second Extreme Congress of Councils of Northern
                             Caucasus removed I.L. Sorokin and elected new members of
                             Central Executive Committee.
 Dec 1918                  Northern Caucasus fully occupied by Denikin's
                             Russian Voluntary Army. Soviet Government went
                             to exile to Tsaritsyn (modern Volgograd).
11 Jan 1919                North Caucasian Soviet Republic abolished.

Chairmen of the Central Executive Committee
 Jul 1918 - 21 Oct 1918    Avraam Azorgivich Rubin      (b. 1883 - d. 1918)
28 Oct 1918 - 11 Jan 1919  M.S. Akulov
Chairman of the Revolutionary Army Council of Northern Caucasus
 Jul 1918 -  Dec 1918      Yan Vasilyevich Poluyan      (b. 1891 - d. 1937)

           10 Oct 1918  - 3 Nov 1918

28 Oct 1917               First Siberian regional conference elects a council
30 Oct 1917               The council declares itself highest government body.
19-30 Dec 1917            Siberian regional proclaimed the creation of
                            Autonomous Regional government in Siberia.
26 Dec 1917               Provisional Siberian Regional Soviet (15[28]XII17 accepted
                            'Regulations' for the provisional institutions of the
                             Siberian administration [provisional constitution]).
10 Feb 1918               Provisional Government of Autonomous Siberia founded on first
                            (illegal) session of Duma (Chairman of Siberian Regional Duma
                            I.A. Yakushev) after having proclaimed itself supreme power.
26 May 1918               Western Siberian Commission (Zapadno-Sibirskij Komissariat) created
                            at Novo-Nikolaevsk [Novosibirsk](shifted to Tomsk 1 Jun 1919) as
                            government representatives.
30 Jun 1918               Provisional Siberian Government (in Tomsk, re-incorporating ZSK)
                            29? Jul 1918 Omsk?
 4 Jul 1918               Declaration on the Siberian autonomy adopted (Deklaraciyu o
                            gosudarstvennoj samostoyatelnosti Sibiri); rescinded 3 Nov 1918;
                            declaration opposed by Derber (Vladivostok), Horvath proclaims
                            himself Provisional Supreme Ruler of Russia.
 8 Sep - 18 Oct 1918      Diplomatic mission: Horvath made PSG's viceroy, Derber's government
                            liquidated.
23 Jul 1918               Council of ministers of the Provisional Siberian Government formed,
                            Omsk is made capital of Siberia.
 3 Nov 1918               Provisional Siberian Government passes power to the Provisional All-
                            Russian government (then also at Omsk)(see PARG above).

Chairman of the Siberian Regional Executive Committee (in Tomsk)
15 Oct 1917 - 13 Dec 1917  Vladimir Mikhaylovich Krutovskiy   (b. 1856 - d. 1938)
Chairmen of the Provisional Siberian Regional Council
13 Dec 1917 -  1 Jan 1918  Grigoriy Nikolayevich Potanin      (b. 1835 - d. 1920)
 1 Jan 1918 - 28 Jan 1918  Pytor Yakovlevich Derber           (b. 1888 - d. 1929)  PSR
Chairmen of the Council of Ministers of Provisional Government of Autonomous Siberia
28 Jan 1918 - 30 Jun 1918  Pytor Yakovlevich Derber           (s.a.)               PSR
30 Jun 1918 -  3 Nov 1918  Pyotr Vasilyevich Vologodskiy      (b. 1863 - d. 1925)  oblastnik
 8 Sep 1918 - 18 Oct 1918  .... (acting)

Western Siberian Board of Commissioners
(in Novo-Nikolayevsk [Novosibirsk]; from 1 Jun 1919 in Tomsk)
26 May 1918 - 31 May 1918  Commissioners
                           - Mikhail Yakovlevich Lindberg     (b. 1889 - d. 1938)  PSR
                             (acting to 31 May 1918)
                           - Boris Dmitrievich Markov         (b. 1884 - d. 1920)  SRP
                             (to 31 May 1918)
                           - Pavel Jakovlevich Mihailov                            SRP
                             (to 31 May 1918)
                           - Vasiliy Osipovich Sidorov  
                             (to 31 May 1918)
                           - Pavel Yakovlevich Mikhaylov      (b. 1889 - d. 1920)  PSR
                             (from 31 May 1918)
                           - Boris Dmitrievich Markov         (b. 1884 - d. 1920)  PSR
                             (from 31 May 1918)
                           - Mikhail Yakovlevich Lindberg     (b. 1889 - d. 1938)  PSR
                             (from 31 May 1918)
                           - Vasiliy O. Sidorov                                    PSR
                             (from 31 May 1918)

Zabaykalye (Transbaikal)

Sep 1919                   Buryat Mongol Autonomous Republic declared at Chita.
 4 Jan 1920                Admiral Kolchak authorizes Semyonov to assume all civil and 
                             military authority in the east part of Russia.
Jul 1920                   People's Assembly founded at Chita.
Sep 1920                   Provisional Transbaikal People's Assembly
                             (called the Transbaikal Republic).
22 Oct 1920                Chita taken by communist forces.
Sep/Oct 1920               Semyonov recognizes the supreme authority of Baron Wrangel.
Nov 1920                   Semyonov defeated, government dissolved by the Red Army.
Sep 1921                   Semyonov leaves Russia.

Commander-in-chief of All Armed Forces of the East Part of Russia
(from 30 Apr 1920, Commander-in-chief of All Armed Forces and Field Ataman of All 
Cossack Troops of the East Part of Russia)
Sep 1919 - Nov 1920        Grigory Mikhailovich Semyonov      (b. 1890 - d. 1946

Yakutia

        22 Feb 1918 -  1 Jul 1918,

         5 Aug 1918 - 14 Dec 1919

           Mar 1922 - Jul 1922

           13 Mar 1918 - 18 Sep 1918

28 Nov 1917                Amur regional self-administration formed by Bolshevik forces.
 7 Mar 1918 - 13 Mar 1918  Occupied by White Russian forces.
13 Mar 1918 - 18 Sep 1918  Bolshevik rule restored, Amur Labor Socialist Republic formed.
18 Sep 1918                Japanese and White military forces enter Blagoveshchensk.
10 Nov 1918                A joint gathering of democratic groups decided (a) to recognize
                             the Provisional All-Russian Government (PARG) and it's superiority
                             and (b) to dissolve the government and hand over power to
                             the self-administration.
 6 Feb 1920                Bolshevik forces regain control of Amur the region.
 9 Aug 1920                Part of the Far Eastern Republic (see under Russia).

Chairman of the Amur Regional Self-Administration
28 Nov 1917 -  2 Mar 1918  Ivan Nikolayevich Shishlov            (b. 1881 - d. 19..)
Chairman of the Regional Executive Committee
 2 Mar 1918 -  7 Mar 1918  Fyodor Nikanorovich Mukhin            (b. 1878 - d. 1919)
Ataman of the Amur Cossack Forces (head of military administration)
 7 Mar 1918 - 13 Mar 1918  Ivan Mikhaylovich Gamov
Chairman of the People's Council (head of civil administration)
 7 Mar 1918 - 13 Mar 1918  Nikolay Grigoryevich Kozhevnikov      (b. 1884 - d. 19..)  SR
Chairman of the Regional Self-Administration
18 Sep 1918 - 20 Sep 1918  Nikolay Nikolayevichh Rodionov
Chairman of the Government of the Amur
18 Sep 1918 - 10 Nov 1918  Aleksandr Nikolayevich Alekseyevskiy  (b.1877/78 - d. 19..)SR
Chairman of the Regional Self-Administration
10 Nov 1918 - 17 Nov 1918  Aleksandr Nikolayevich Alekseyevskiy  (s.a.)               SR
Oblast commissioner
17 Nov 1918 - 20 Feb 1919  Aleksandr Nikolayevich Alekseyevskiy  (s.a.)               SR
Chairman of the Regional Self-Administration
20 Feb 1919 - 191.         Aleksandr Nikolayevich Alekseyevskiy  (s.a.)               SR
Administrator (for Kolchak)
1918 -  4 Feb 1920         I.D. Prishchepenko
Ataman of the Amur Cossack Forces
 5 Mar 1919 -  6 Feb 1920  A.D. Kuznechov
Chairmen of the Regional Executive Committee
 6 Feb 1920 - 16 Feb 1920  Yakov Fyopentovich Yakovlev (temporary)
16 Feb 1920 -  5 Apr 1920  Stepan Samoylovich Shilov             (b. 1885 - d. 1954)
Chairmen of the Amur Military-Revolutionary Committee
 5 Apr 1920 - 9 Aug 1920   Stepan Samoylovich Shilov             (s.a.)

                 Jul 1922 - Apr 1923

Dec 1919                   Bolsheviks takes power in Chukotka.
Jul 1922                   Chukotka Free State declared by White forces.
Apr 1923                   Rebellion ended by Soviet forces.

Chairmen of the Council of Soviet Deputies of Chukotka
Dec 1919 - Jul 1922        A.M. Bychkov 
                           + G.G. Rudykh
Leader of White Russian Forces
Jul 1922 - Apr 1923        Bochkarev                      (d. 1923)

              Oct 1921 - Oct 1922

Feb 1918 - Feb 1918        Petropavlovsk Soviet formed under Communist rule. 
Jan 1920                   Kamchatka Revolutionary Committee formed.
Oct 1921 - Oct 1922        Kamchatka occupied by the White forces under Bochkarev.
Dec 1920/26 Jan 1921       Part of the Far Eastern Republic (see under Russia).

Chairman of the Petropavlovsk Soviet
Feb 1918                   Ivan Yemelyanovich Larin       (b. 1890 - d. 19..)
Chairman of the Kamchatka Revolutionary Committee 
Jan 1920 - Dec 1920        Ivan Yemelyanovich Larin       (s.a.)
Leader of White Russian Forces
Oct 1921 - Oct 1922        Bochkarev                      (d. 1923)

Khabarovsk 

 4 Sep 1918                Bolshevik ruled ended by Japanese occupation.
 6 Apr 1920                White government proclaimed at Khabarovsk.
23 Oct 1920                Japanese forces depart; part of the Far Eastern Republic 
                             (see under Russia).
22 Mar 1921 - 13 Feb 1922  Far Eastern Republic rule interrupted by Vladivostok
                              authorities (see Primore).

Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars
May 1917 - 12 Aug 1917     Luka Yevdokimovich Gerasimov          (b. 189. - d. 1918) bolshevik
12 Aug 1917 - 12 Dec 1917  N.A. Vakulin                                              menshevik
12 Dec 1917 -  4 Sep 1918  Aleksandr Mikhaylovich Krasnoshcokov  (b. 1880 - d. 1937) bolshevik 
Commander-in-Chief of White Forces in Khabarovsk
 5 Sep 1918 - 13 Feb 1920  Ivan Pavlovich Kalmykov               (b. 1890 - d. 1920)
                             (Ataman of the Ussuriy Cossacks)
12 Feb 1920 - 16 Feb 1920  Modest Aleksandrovich Demishkhan
                             (acting)
Head of the Khabarovsk Government
Apr 1920 - 23 Oct 1920     Konstantin Tikhonovich Likhoydov
Rule of Vladivostok authorities:
22 Mar 1921 - 13 Feb 1922  Viktorin Mikhaylovich Molchanov       (b. 1886 - d. 1975) 

24 Jun 1917          First All-Ukrainian Far Eastern Congress at Nikolsk-Ussuriysky.
                       formed the Far Eastern Kray Rada (regional council).
Jan 1918             Second All-Ukrainian Far Eastern Congress at Khabarovsk. Green Ukraine
                       was proclaimed as part of Ukrainian State.
Apr 1918             Third All-Ukrainian Far Eastern Congress asked for creation of
                       independent Ukrainian state on the Pacific ocean.
11 Apr 1920          Order of Hetman G. Semyonov about right of far eastern Ukrainians
                       for national self-determination and autonomy in the limits of united 
                       Far eastern state of Cossacks, Buryats, and Ukrainians
1922                 Dissolved.

Head of the Secretariat
Jun 1918 - 1919       Yuri Mova-Glushko (1st time)        (d. 1942)
Jan 1920 - 1922       Yuri Mova-Glushko (2nd time)        (s.a.)