Provinces of The Netherlands

Party abbreviations: CDA = Christen Democratisch Appèl (Christian-Democratic Appeal, christian-democratic, union of KVP, ARP, and CHU, est. 11 Oct 1980); D66 = Democraten 66 (formerly Democrats '66, social-liberal); GL = Groenlinks (Green Left, ecologist, socialist, union of Communist Party of the Netherlands, Evangelical People's Party, Political Party of Radicals and Pacifistic Socialist Party, est.1991); Ind = Independent; PvdA = Partij van de Arbeid (Labor Party, social-democratic, est. 9 Feb 1946 by the merger of SDAP, VDB, and  Christian Democratic Union [CDU]); VVD = Volkspartij voor Vrijheid en Democratie (People's Party for Freedom and Democracy, conservative-liberal, est.1948);
- Former parties: AB = General Federation of Roman Catholic Voting Unions;
ARP = Anti-Revolutionaire Partij (Anti-Revolutionary Party, 1879-1980, confessionalist [protestant-christian], merged into CDA 1980); CHP = Christelijk-Historische Partij (Christian Historical Party, predecessor of the CHU 1903-1908); CHU = Christelijk-Historische Unie (Christian Historical Union, 1908-1980 merged into CDA 1980); Con = Conservatieven (Conservative); Con-Lib = Conservative-Liberal; KVP = Katholieke Volkspartij (Catholic People's Party, 1945-1980, confessionalist [catholic], merged into CDA 11 Oct 1980);
Lib = Liberale (Liberal); LSP = Liberale Staatspartij (Liberal State Party, liberal, later PvdV); Mod = Moderate; Mod-Lib = Moderate-Liberal; NSB = Nationaal Socialistische Beweging (National Socialist Movement, Dutch fascist party, pro-German 1931-1945); Ofl = Old or Free Liberals; PvdV = Partij van de Vrijheid (Freedom Party, liberal, formerly LSP, merged into VVD 1948); Org = Orangist (royalist); Pat = Patriot (republican); PPR = Politieke Partij Radikalen (Radical Political Party, progressive/green, 1968-91); RKSP = Rooms-Katholieke Staatspartij (Roman Catholic States Party, confessionalist [catholic], 1926-45, from 1945 KVP); SDAP = Sociaal-Democratische Arbeiderspartij (Social Democratic Workers Party); VAR = Vrije Antirevolutionaire Party (Free Anti-Revolutionary Party, predecessor of the CHP and CHU 1898-1903); VDB = Radicale Partij/Vrijzinnig Democratische Bond (Radical Party/Free Democratic League, liberal, 1901-9 Feb 1946)

               Adopted 19 Feb 1947

943                        County of Drenthe
1046                       Part of Utrecht.
1522                       Part of Gelderland.
23 Jul 1594                Province of Drenthe
24 Apr 1795 - 20 Feb 1798  Control over Drenthe is shared by départements Overijssel
                             and Groningen.
23 Apr 1798                Drenthe merged with Overijssel as the
                             département Ouden Ijssel.
 8 May 1807                Département Landschap van Drenthe.
 9 Jul 1810                Annexed to French département Ems-Occidental
                             (see under Groningen).
1814                       Province of Drenthe (restored).

Stadhouders
1536 - 1594                the Stadhouders of Friesland
23 Jul 1594 - 16 Feb 1795  the Stadhouders of Groningen
Drosten
1692 - 1701                Elbert Antoon vrijheer van Pallant
11 Mar 1701 - 1735         Roelof baron van Echten tot Echten
 7 Jun 1735 - 1743         Nicolaas Herman baron van Echten
                             tot Entingen
19 Mar 1743 - 1748         Cornelis van Dongen tot de Klenke
30 Dec 1748 - 1768         Alexander Carel graaf van Heiden   (d. 1768)
                             tot den Dam                  
1768 - 1795                Sigismund Pierre Alexander van     (d. 1806)
                             Heiden
Chairmen of Provisionele Representanten van het Volk van Drenthe
11 Feb 1795 - 13 Apr 1795  Carel de Vos van Steenwijk         (b. 1759 - d. 1830)
24 Apr 1795 - 20 Feb 1798  Control shared by Overijssel and Groningen
President of Coevorden and Drenthe
24 Apr 1798 - 22 Feb 1798  Carel de Vos van Steenwijk         (s.a.)
Intermediair administratief bestuur in het voormalig gewest Drenthe
(Intermediary Administration of the Former Drenthe Region)
(chairmanship rotating every 14 days)
22 Feb 1798 - 26 Mar 1799  Otto Blom                          (b. 1748 - d. 1807)  
22 Feb 1798 - 26 Mar 1799  Jan Braams                         (b. 1762 - d. 1839)
22 Feb 1798 - 26 Mar 1799  A. Coops  
22 Feb 1798 - 26 Mar 1799  Albert Meursinge                   (b. 1755 - d. 1840)
22 Feb 1798 - 26 Mar 1799  Cornelis Pothoff                   (b. 1766 - d. 1844)
22 Feb 1798 - 26 Mar 1799  J.J. van Royen  
22 Feb 1798 - 26 Mar 1799  Berend Slingenberg                 (b. 1769 - d. 1849)
Financiële commissie van het voormalig gewest Drenthe
(Financial Commission of the Former Drenthe Region)
26 Mar 1799 - 24 Jun 1802  Three members
Landdrost for Overijssel
24 Jun 1802 -  9 Mar 1806  Sigismund Pierre Alexander van     (s.a.)
                             Heiden  
 9 Mar 1806 - 13 Apr 1807  Godert Willem de Vos van Steenwijk (b. 1747 - d. 1830)
                             van den Havixhorst
Landdrost of Drenthe
19 Jul 1805 - May 1807     Departementaal Bestuur van de
                           Landschap Drenthe
                           - Joachimus Lunsingh Tonckens      (b. 1753 - d. 1821)
                           - Jacobus van Riemsdijk            (b. 1778 - d. 1852)
                           - Godert Willem de Vos van         (b. 1747 - d. 1830)
                               Steenwijk
13 Apr 1807 -  1 Jan 1810  Petrus Hofstede                    (b. 1755 - d. 1839)
 1 Jan 1810 -  9 Jul 1810  Jan Adriaan, baron van Zuylen van  (b. 1776 - d. 1840)
                             Nijevelt
Governors
14 May 1814 - 13 Apr 1832  Petrus Hofstede                    (s.a.)               Org
12 Apr 1832 -  1 Jan 1840  Daniel Jacob van Ewijck, heer van  (b. 1786 - d. 1858)
                             Oostbroek en de Bilt
11 Feb 1840 -  8 Oct 1840  Joan Derk graaf van Rechteren tot  (b. 1799 - d. 1886)
                             Ahnem
 8 Oct 1840 -  5 May 1842  François van Harencarspel Eckhardt (b. 1784 - d. 1842)
 1 Aug 1842 -  1 Apr 1846  Lodewijk Napoleon graaf van        (b. 1807 - d. 1891)  Con
                             Randwijck
 1 Apr 1846 -  1 Aug 1850  Jan Arend Godert baron de Vos van  (b. 1799 - d. 1872)
                             Steenwijk van den Havixhorst
King's/Queen's Commissioners
 1 Aug 1850 - 12 Sep 1866  Jan Arend Godert baron de Vos van  (s.a.)
                             Steenwijk van den Havixhorst
16 Sep 1866 -  2 Feb 1868  Hubert Alexander Maurits Asch      (b. 1815 - d. 1868)  ARP
                             van Wijck
 1 Mar 1868 - 12 May 1875  Joan Lodewijk Gerhard Grégory      (b. 1808 - d. 1891)  ARP
12 May 1875 - 27 May 1885  Johannes van Kuyk                  (b. 1819 - d. 1885)  Con
19 Jun 1885 - Jun 1888     Cornelis Pijnacker Hordijk         (b. 1847 - d. 1908)  Lib
16 Jul 1888 -  1 Dec 1903  Jonkheer Petrus Johannes van       (b. 1842 - d. 1911)  VAR
                             Swinderen
 1 Jan 1904 -  1 Oct 1917  Johannes Linthorst Homan           (b. 1844 - d. 1926)  Lib
 1 Oct 1917 -  1 Nov 1931  Jan Tijmen Linthorst Homan         (b. 1873 - d. 1932)  Lib
 1 Nov 1931 -  1 Aug 1940  Reint Hendrik baron de Vos van     (b. 1885 - d. 1964)  LSP
                             Steenwijk (1st time)
Provincial Commissioners
 1 Aug 1940 - 1943         Reint Hendrik baron de Vos van     (s.a.)               LSP
                             Steenwijk
 1 Jun 1943 -  5 May 1945  Jan Liebe Bouma                    (b. 1889 - d. 1971)  NSB
German Plenipotentiaries
1940                       Kurt Hartong 
29 Jul 1940 - 1941         Robert Thiel 
22 Oct 1941 - 1944         Heinrich Sellmer 
 1 Jun 1944 - 1945         Adolf Brandes 
King's/Queen's Commissioners
1945 - 16 Jul 1951         Reint Hendrik baron de Vos van     (s.a.)               PvdV/VVD
                             Steenwijk (2nd time)
16 Jul 1951 -  1 Mar 1964  Jaap Cramer                        (b. 1899 - d. 1998)  PvdA
 1 Mar 1964 -  1 Oct 1974  Karel Hendrik Gaarlandt            (b. 1909 - d. 1985)  PvdA
 1 Nov 1974 -  1 Oct 1982  Albertine "Tineke" Petronella      (b. 1921)            PvdA
                             Schilthuis (f) 
 1 Oct 1982 -  1 Dec 1988  Adriaan Pieter Oele                (b. 1923)            PvdA
 1 Jan 1989 -  1 Jan 1993  Wim Meijer                         (b. 1939)            PvdA
 1 Jan 1993 - 22 Aug 1994  Margaretha "Margreeth" de Boer (f) (b. 1939)            PvdA
 1 Jan 1995 - 29 Sep 2008  Aurelus "Relus" ter Beek           (b. 1944 - d. 2008)  PvdA
29 Sep 2008 -  1 May 2009  Anneke Haarsma (f) (acting)        (b. 1953)            PvdA
 1 May 2009 -              Jacques Tichelaar                  (b. 1953)            PvdA

                 Adopted 9 Jan 1986

 1 Jan 1986                Flevoland province created from parts of Overijssel
                             (Noordoostpolder, Urk) and four municipalities (see below).

Queen's commissioners
 1 Jan 1986 -  1 Oct 1996  Johannes Christiaan Jan "Han"      (b. 1931 - d. 2000)   PvdA
                             Lammers
16 Oct 1996 -  1 Oct 2008  Michel Jean Emile Marie Jager      (b. 1944)             D66
Oct 2008 - Nov 2008        Harry Dijksma (acting)             (b. 1951)             VVD
13 Nov 2008 -              Leen Verbeek                       (b. 1954)             PvdA

Noordoostpolder

 2 Feb 1936                Construction of the Noordoostelike Polder begins.
 3 Oct 1939                Island of Urk in the Ijsselmeer is attached to the polder
                             and thus ceases to be an island. It continues to exist
                             as a separate municipality of the province of Noord Holland.
28 Jul 1942                Public Body (Openbaar Lichaam) established (Noordoostelijke
                             Polder) on land reclaimed from the former Zuiderzee.
20 Aug 1948                Renamed Noordoostpolder.
1950                       Urk part of Overijssel.
 1 Jul 1962                Noordoostpolder part of Overijssel.
 1 Jan 1986                Noordoostpolder and Urk part of Flevoland.

Landdrosten
28 Jul 1942 - 1954         Sikke Smeding                      (b. 1889 - d. 1967)
 1 Oct 1954 -  1 Jul 1962  Arie P. Minderhoud                 (b. 1902 - d. 1980)

Zuidelijke IJsselmeerpolders

10 Nov 1955                Public Body (Openbaar Lichaam) established on land
                             reclaimed from the former Zuiderzee.
 1 Jan 1972                Municipality of Dronten detached and placed under the
                             direct authority of the Ministry of the Interior.
 1 Jan 1980                Municipality of Lelystad detached as above.
 1 Jan 1984                Municipalities of Almere and Zeewolde detached as above.
 1 Jan 1986                The four municipalities become parts of Flevoland.
 1 Jan 1996                Public body abolished (from 1984 it included no settled
                             territory, but continued to exist due to later aborted plans
                             to construct another polder).

Landdrosten
 1 Dec 1955 -  1 Apr 1963  Arie P. Minderhoud                 (s.a.)
1963 - 1976                Will Marie Otto                    (b. 1919 - d. 2008)
1976                       J.M. Lindhout (acting)
 2 Aug 1976 -  1 Jan 1986  Johannes Christiaan Jan "Han"      (b. 1931 - d. 2000)  PvdA
                             Lammers
1986 - 1988                Peter M.M. de Jonge (acting)       (b. 1952)            PvdA
1988 -  1 Jan 1996         Roelof-Sietze Hofstee Holtrop      (b. 1926)            VVD    

Dronten


  From 1973, Adopted 27 May 1982

Mayors
 1 Jan 1972 - 1980         E.P. "Eppo" van Veldhuizen         (b. 1933)            PPR
1980 - 16 Aug 1997         Cornelis "Cees" Dekker             (b. 1938)            CDA

Lelystad


            Adopted 10 Dec 1981

Mayor
 1 Jan 1980 -  1 Jul 1996  J.P.A. Hans Gruijters              (b. 1931 - d. 2005)  D66

Almere

Mayor
 1 Jan 1984 -  1 Jan 1986  Johannes Christiaan Jan "Han"      (s.a.)               PvdA
                             Lammers

Zeewolde


           Adopetd 16 Aug 1984

Mayor
 1 Jan 1984 - 1990         Harm Jan Egbert Bruins Slot        (b. 1948)            CDA

Friesland

  Adopted 1895; Official from 9 Jul 1957

1006                       Creation of a County of (central-) Friesland as part of the Holy
                             Roman Empire, covering present-day Friesland and later also parts
                             of present-day Groningen.
10 Apr 1101                Last count of Friesland dies and the Counts of Holland and the
                             Bishops of Utrecht fight to establish their authority over the
                             region.
Nov 1165                   Treaty of Utrecht, the Holy Roman Emperor proclaims Friesland a
                             condominium of Holland and Utrecht.
1233                       This year a count of Holland is acclaimed for the last time as Lord
                             of Friesland by the Frisians. Although both Holland and Utrecht
                             continue their attempts to obtain the submission of the region,
                             Friesland is generally considered free from this year. The three
                             subdivisions (Oostergo, Westergo and Zevenwouden) were now ruled
                             by local chiefs according the own Frisian laws (the this was the
                             so-called Friese Vrijheid or Frisian Freedom).
 3 Nov 1248                Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II recognizes the "Frisian Freedom",
                             thereby placing the Frisian lands under his direct overlordship
                             (Reichsunmittelbar). In practice local chiefs remain independent.
30 Sep 1417                Holy Roman Emperor Sigismund confirms the Freedom of Friesland under
                             his direct overlordship.
23 Sep 1493                Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I confirms the Freedom of the Friesian
                             lands under his direct overlordship.
30 Apr 1498                To protect themselves against a band of foreign invaders, the
                             Frisians recognize the Saxon Duke as Lord of Friesland,
                             ending Frisian Freedom under direct authority of the Emperor.
1514                       In alliance with opponents to Saxon rule Gelre starts the conquest
                             of Friesland
19 May 1515                Unable to stop the advance of Gelre, the Saxon Lord sells his rights
                             over Friesland to the Habsburg Duke of Burgundy Charles II.
Nov 1523                   End of Gelre rule in Friesland.
Dec 1524                   The Habsburg Duke is recognized as Lord of Friesland by all Frisians
25 Oct 1555                Friesland part of the Spanish Habsburg Netherlands.
23 May 1568                Start of the Netherlands revolt against Spanish rule.
Jul 1572 - Nov 1572        Parts of Friesland are conquered by Netherlands insurgents.
23 Jan 1579                Friesland adheres to the Union of Utrecht.
 1 Feb 1580                Insurgents take Leeuwarden, the capital. Friesland de facto
                             independent.
26 Jul 1581                The United Provinces declare their independence from Spain
                             (Province of Friesland).
 1 Jan 1796                Provisional Batavian département Friesland.
23 Apr 1798                The largest part of Friesland merged with Groningen and Westerwolde 
                             to form the département Eems.
19 Sep 1801                Abolition of the département of Eems, département
                             Friesland restored (effective 21 Jun 1802).
 1 Jan 1811                French département Frise.
18 Nov 1813                End of French rule.
29 Mar 1814                Province of Friesland.

Podestaat van Friesland (Potentate of Frisia)
 3 Jan 1494 - Apr 1498     Juw Dekama                         (b. 1449/50 - d. 1523)
Saxon Lords of Friesland
30 Apr 1498 - 12 Sep 1500  Albrecht, hertog van Saksen        (b. 1443 - d. 1500)
1499 - 12 Sep 1500         Hendrog van Saksen -Regent         (b. 1473 - d. 1541)
12 Sep 1500 - 1505         Hendrik, hertog van Saksen         (b. 1473 - d. 1541)
                           - jointly with -
27 Apr 1501 - 19 May 1515  George, hertog van Saksen          (b. 1471 - d. 1539)
Saxon Stadhouders of Friesland
30 Apr 1498 - 19 Jul 1499  Council (acting)
31 Oct 1500 - 21 Jul 1504  Hugo von Leisnig
21 Jul 1504 - 1506         Wilhelm Truchsess von Waldburg 
                             (head of council of regency)
1506 - 16 Dec 1508         Heinrich, graaf van Stolberg-      (d. 1508)
                             Wernigerode                
16 Dec 1508 - 19 Dec 1509  Hans Schenk van Tautenburg
                             (head of interim administration)
19 Dec 1509 - 19 May 1515  Everwijn, graaf van Bentheim-
                             Steinfurt
Habsburg Lords of Friesland
Dec 1524 - 25 Oct 1555     Charles II of Burgundy             (b. 1500 - d. 1558)
                             (=Emperor Charles V)
                             (in possession of Friesland since 19 May 1515)
25 Oct 1555 - 26 Jul 1581  Philippe II, King of Spain         (b. 1527 - d. 1598)  
                             (continues claim to the area to 13 Sep 1598) 
Habsburg Stadhouders
23 Jun 1515 - 1517         Floris van Egmond, heer van        (b. 1469 - d. 1539)
                             IJsselstein              
11 Nov 1517 - 1521         Wilhelm Freiherr von Roggendorff   (b. 1481 - d. 1541)
24 Mar 1521 -  2 Feb 1540  George Schenck van Toutenburg      (d. 1540)
1540 - 23 Dec 1548         Maximiliaan van Egmond, graaf van  (d. 1548)
                             Buren                          
 1 Jan 1549 - 23 May 1568  Jean de Ligne, graaf van Arenberg  (b. 1525 - d. 1568)
1568 -  9 Jan 1572         Charles de Brimeu, graaf van Megen (b. c.1524 - d. 1572)
 9 Jan 1572 - Oct 1573     Gillis de Berlaymont, graaf van    (b. c.1540 - d. 1579)
                             Hierges
Jul 1572 - 18 Nov 1572     Jobst II, graaf van Holstein-      (b. 1525 - d. 1581)
                             Schaumburg (in opposition, for
                             insurgents in areas occupied by them)                  
17 Dec 1573 - Nov 1576     Caspar di Robles, heer van Billy   (b. 1527 - d. 1585)
Nov 1576 - 1581            no Habsburg Stadhouders
31 Aug 1577 - 10 Jun 1580  Georges de Lalaing, graaf van      (b. c.1540 - d. 1581)
                             Rennenberg (de facto since nov 1576
                             in Groningen after 1580; for Spain to 1581)
 9 Jul 1581 - 1594         Francisco Verdugo                  (b. 1537 - d. 1595)
                             (in opposition to Dutch Stadhouders)
Gelre Lord of Friesland (in opposition to Saxon and Habsburg rule)
Nov 1514 - Nov 1523        the Duke of Gelre
Gelre Stadhouders (in opposition to Saxon and Habsburg rule)
Nov 1514 - Nov 1523        the Stadhouders of Groningen
Union Stadholders of Friesland
11 Jun 1580 - 10 Jul 1584  Willem I de Zwijger (der Schweiger)(b. 1533 - d. 1584)
                             gaf von Nassau, prince d'Orange
10 Jul 1584 - 31 May 1620  Willem Lodewijk graaf von Nassau-  (b. 1560 - d. 1620)
                             Dillenburg 
31 May 1620 -  4 Jun 1632  Ernst Kasimir graaf von Nassau-    (b. 1573 - d. 1632)
                             Diez 
 4 Jun 1632 - 12 Jul 1640  Hendrik Kasimir I                  (b. 1612 - d. 1640)
12 Jul 1640 - 21 Oct 1664  Willem Frederik graf von Nassau-   (b. 1613 - d. 1664)
                             Diez 
21 Oct 1664 - 15 Mar 1696  Hendrik Kasimir II                 (b. 1657 - d. 1696)
21 Oct 1664 - 18 Jan 1677  Albertina van Oranje-Nassau -Regent(b. 1634 - d. 1696)
15 Mar 1696 - 14 Jul 1711  Johan Willem Friso                 (b. 1687 - d. 1711)
15 Mar 1696 -  4 Aug 1707  Amalia von Anhalt -Regent          (b. 1666 - d. 1726)
14 Jul 1711 -  1 Sep 1712  Vacant
 1 Sep 1712 - 22 Oct 1751  Willem IV Karel Hendrik Friso      (b. 1711 - d. 1751)
14 Jul 1711 -  9 Apr 1731  Marie Luise von Hessen-            (b. 1688 - d. 1765)
                             Kassel -Regent
22 Oct 1751 - 16 Feb 1795  Willem V Batavus                   (b. 1748 - d. 1806)
22 Oct 1751 - 12 Jan 1759  Anna von Braunschweig-             (b. 1709 - d. 1759)
                             Lüneburg -Regent
12 Jan 1759 -  9 Apr 1765  Marie Luise von Hessen-            (s.a.)
                             Kassel -Regent
 9 Apr 1765 -  8 Mar 1766  Carolina von Nassau-Diez -Regent   (b. 1743 - d. 1787)
Secretaries of the States of Friesland
11 Feb 1580 - 25 Apr 1586  Arent van Harderwijk
11 Feb 1580 - 1601         Eco Isbrandi
1601 - 27 Sep 1625         Auco (or Ausonius) Aijsma          (d. 1625)
1626 - 11 Nov 1637         Theodorus Marssum
11 Nov 1637 - 16 Dec 1650  Livius van Scheltinga              (d. 1650)
17 Apr 1651 - 21 Dec 1666  Pibo van Doma
21 Dec 1666 - 22 Feb 1678  Isaac de Schepper
23 Feb 1678 - 27 Mar 1682  Franciscus Jorritsma               (b 1641 - d. 1716)
27 Mar 1682 - 14 Feb 1718  Hermanus Huber
16 Feb 1718 - 18 Sep 1727  Ulric Jan Huber                    (d. 1727)
23 Feb 1728 -  7 Aug 1771  Jetze van Sminia                   (b. 1702 - d. 1771)
 7 Aug 1771 - 14 Apr 1780  Hans Willem van Plettenberg        (b. 1721 - d. 1780)
                             (acting from J. van Sminia since 7 Dec 1770)
 6 Jun 1780 - 1794/95      Arend Johannes van Sminia          (b. 1737 - d. 1820)
Patriotic Committee
 9 Jan 1795 -  7 Feb 1795  Triumvirate
                           - Daam Fockema                     (b. 1771 - d. 1855)
                           - Eduard Marius van Beyma          (b. 1755 - d. 1835)
                           - Thomas Joha                      (b. 1750 - d. 1812)
Chairman of the Provincial Revolutionary Committee
 7 Feb 1795 - 19 Feb 1795  Hermannus Borgrink                 (b. 1738 - d. 1803)
Presidents of the Provisional Representatives of the People
19 Feb 1795 -  5 Mar 1795  Thomas Philippus Joha              (b. 1750 - d. 1812)
 5 Mar 1795 - 19 Mar 1795  Abraham van der Burg               (b. 1754 - d. 1812)
19 Mar 1795 -  2 Apr 1795  Wiltetus Bernardus Jelgersma       (b. 1755 - d. 1796)
                             (1st time)
 2 Apr 1795 - 16 Apr 1795  Henricus Cannegieter               (b. 1757 - d. 1826)
16 Apr 1795 - 30 Apr 1795  Coert Lambertus van Beyma          (b. 1753 - d. 1820)
30 Apr 1795 - 14 May 1795  Hector Livius van Altena           (b. 1741 - d. 1806)
14 May 1795 - 28 May 1795  Hayo Tuinhout                      (b. 1757 - d. 1811)
28 May 1795 - 11 Jun 1795  Georgius Albertus Abbring          (b. 1758 - d. 1804)
11 Jun 1795 - 23 Jun 1795  Wiltetus Bernardus Jelgersma       (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
Presidents of the Representatives of the People (Representanten van het Volk van Friesland)
23 Jun 1795 -  6 Jul 1795  Simon Stijl                        (b. 1731 - d. 1804)
 6 Jul 1795 - 21 Jul 1795  Pieter Freerks Fontein             (b. 1761 - d. 1826)
21 Jul 1795 -  4 Aug 1795  Petrus Hoekema                     (b. 1747 - d. 1820)
 4 Aug 1795 - 18 Aug 1795  Hendrik Westra (1st time)          (b. 1766 - d. 1831)
18 Aug 1795 -  1 Sep 1795  Henricus van Weerden               (b. 1757 - d. 1805)
 1 Sep 1795 - 15 Sep 1795  Tjaart van Heloma                  (b. 1753 - d. 1798)
15 Sep 1795 - 29 Sep 1795  Sybren Sakes Hofstra               (b. 1743 - d. 1811)
29 Sep 1795 - 13 Oct 1795  Bernardus Spoelstra                (b. 1752 - d. 1817)
13 Oct 1795 - 27 Oct 1795  Jan Hylkes van der Bank            (b. 1751 - d. 1801)
27 Oct 1795 - 10 Nov 1795  Johannes Wesselius (1st time)      (b. 1756 - d. 1831)
10 Nov 1795 - 15 Dec 1795  Hendrik Westra (2nd time)          (s.a.)
15 Dec 1795 - 12 Jan 1796  Johannes Wesselius (2nd time)      (s.a.)
12 Jan 1796 - 22 Jan 1796  Thomas Philippus Joha              (b. 1750 - d. 1812)
23 Jan 1796 - 25 Jan 1796  Willem Bartel van der Kooi         (b. 1768- d. 1836)
                             (1st time)
25 Jan 1796                Johannes Wesselius (3rd time)      (s.a.)
26 Jan 1796                Ahasverus van Vliet (1st time)     (b. 1729 - d. 1816)
26 Jan 1796 - 29 Jan 1796  Willem Bartel van der Kooi         (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
29 Jan 1796 - 11 Feb 1796  Sybren Sakes Hofstra (2nd time)    (s.a.)
11 Feb 1796 - 22 Feb 1796  Ahasverus van Vliet (2nd time)     (s.a.)
22 Feb 1796 - 24 Feb 1796  Willem Bartel van der Kooi         (s.a.)
                             (3rd time)
24 Feb 1796 -  8 Mar 1796  Sybren Sakes Hofstra (3rd time)    (s.a.)
 8 Mar 1796 -  5 Apr 1796  Minne Aebes Bakker                 (b. 1726 - d. 1814)
 5 Apr 1796 - 19 Apr 1796  Harkema
19 Apr 1796 -  3 May 1796  J.U. Dijkstra (1st time)
 3 May 1796 - 17 May 1796  E. Miedema
17 May 1796 - 31 May 1796  Jacob Kundig                       (b. 1763 - d. 1796)
31 May 1796 - 16 Jun 1796  J.U. Dijkstra (2nd time)
16 Jun 1796 - 23 Jun 1796  Johannes Jacobus Florison          (b. 1723 - d. 1819)
Chairmen of the First Provinciaal Bestuur van Friesland
23 Jun 1796 -  7 Jul 1796  Minne Aebes Bakker (1st time)      (s.a.)
 7 Jul 1796 - 21 Jul 1796  J.U. Dijkstra (1st time)
21 Jul 1796 -  4 Aug 1796  E. Miedema (1st time)
 4 Aug 1796 - 18 Aug 1796  H.T. Ament (1st time)
18 Aug 1796 -  1 Sep 1796  Hans Hettema (1st time)            (b. 1761 - d. 1823)
 1 Sep 1796 - 15 Sep 1796  Minne Aebes Bakker (2nd time)      (s.a.)
15 Sep 1796 - 29 Sep 1796  H.T. Ament (2nd time)
29 Sep 1796 - 13 Oct 1796  Jan Jans Tinga                     (b. 1753 - d. 1826)
13 Oct 1796 - 27 Oct 1796  Hans Hettema (2nd time)            (s.a.)
27 Oct 1796 -  9 Nov 1796  Frans Tulleners
 9 Nov 1796 - 24 Nov 1796  H.T. Ament (3rd time)
                             (acting to 10 Nov 1796)
24 Nov 1796 -  8 Dec 1796  Hans Hettema (3rd time)            (s.a.)
 8 Dec 1796 - 22 Dec 1796  J.U. Dijkstra (2nd time)
22 Dec 1796 -  5 Jan 1797  Douwe Fokeles
 5 Jan 1797 - 19 Jan 1797  E. Miedema (2nd time)
19 Jan 1797 -  2 Feb 1797  J.U. Dijkstra (3rd time)
 2 feb 1797 - 16 Feb 1797  Hans Hettema (4th time)            (s.a.)
16 Feb 1797 -  2 Mar 1797  E. Miedema (3rd time)
 2 Mar 1797 - 13 Mar 1797  H.T. Ament (4th time)
13 Mar 1797 - 30 Mar 1797  Lieuwe Klazes
                             (acting to 16 May 1796)
30 Mar 1797 - 13 Apr 1797  Jacobus Germans
13 Apr 1797 - 27 Apr 1797  Paulus Stroband
27 Apr 1797 - 11 May 1797  Klaas Igles
11 May 1797 - 25 May 1797  Minne Aebes Bakker (3rd time)      (s.a.)
25 May 1797 -  8 May 1797  E. Miedema (4th time)
 8 Jun 1797 - 23 Jun 1797  Douwe Fokeles
Chairmen of the Second Intermediair Administratief Bestuur
23 Jun 1797 -  7 Jul 1797  Klaas Jans Hobbema (1st time)      (b. 1750 - d. 1828)
 7 Jul 1797 - 21 Jul 1797  Paulus Stroband
21 Jul 1797 -  4 Aug 1797  Petrus Cramer (1st time)
 4 Aug 1797 - 18 Aug 1797  Klaas Jans Hobbema (2nd time)      (s.a.)
18 Aug 1797 -  1 Sep 1797  Jacobus Germans
 1 Sep 1797 - 15 Sep 1797  P. Dorhout
15 Sep 1797 - 29 Sep 1797  Michiel Adriaan van der Wal
                             (1st time)
29 Sep 1797 - 13 Oct 1797  Geert Rinzes van Dijk
13 Oct 1797 - 27 Oct 1797  Rutger van Slooten
27 Oct 1797 - 10 Nov 1797  Klaas Jans Hobbema (3rd time)      (s.a.)
10 Nov 1797 - 24 Nov 1797  Jan Klazes
24 Nov 1797 -  8 Dec 1797  Catharinus One´des
 8 Dec 1797 - 22 Dec 1797  Petrus Cramer (2nd time)
22 Dec 1797 -  5 Jan 1798  Hendrik van der Linde
 5 Jan 1798 - 19 Jan 1798  Douwe Wadman
19 Jan 1798 - 30 Jan 1798  Michiel Adriaan van der Wal
                             (2nd time)
Chairmen of the First Intermediair Administratief Bestuur
30 Jan 1798 -  3 Feb 1798  Michiel Adriaan van der Wal
                             (1st time)
 3 Feb 1798 - 16 Feb 1798  Jan Jans Tinga                     (s.a.)
16 Feb 1798 -  2 Mar 1798  Jacobus Germans
 2 Mar 1798 -  8 Mar 1798  Michiel Adriaan van der Wal
                             (2nd time)
Chairmen of the Second Intermediair Administratief Bestuur
 8 Mar 1798 - 23 Mar 1798  Michiel Adriaan van der Wal
23 Mar 1798 -  7 Apr 1798  Jacobus Germans
 7 Apr 1798 - 21 Apr 1798  Klaas Jans Hobbema                 (s.a.)
21 Apr 1798 -  4 May 1798  Jan Jans Tinga                     (s.a.)
 4 May 1798 - 18 May 1798  Rutger van Slooten
18 May 1798 -  1 Jun 1798  Jacobus Germans
 1 Jun 1798 - 15 Jun 1798  Wopke Rommerts
15 Jun 1798 - 21 Jun 1798  Cornelis Clases Post
Chairmen of the Third Intermediair Administratief Bestuur
21 Jun 1798 -  5 Jul 1798  Harmanus Borgrink (1st time)       (b. 1738 - d. 1803)
 5 Jul 1798 - 18 Jul 1798  Eduard Marius van Beyma            (s.a.)
18 Jul 1798 -  2 Aug 1798  Jan van der Bank (1st time)
 2 Aug 1798 - 16 Aug 1798  Hylke Hanekuik (1st time)
16 Aug 1798 - 30 Aug 1798  Thijs Feenstra (1st time)          (b. 1766 - d. 1840)
30 Aug 1798 - 13 Sep 1798  Jelle Heyes (1st time)
13 Sep 1798 - 27 Sep 1798  Epeus Cats (1st time)              (b. 1764 - d. 1812)
27 Sep 1798 - 11 Oct 1798  J.G. Semler (1st time)
11 Oct 1798 - 23 Oct 1798  Jacob Cup (1st time)
23 Oct 1798 -  8 Nov 1798  Thijs Feenstra (2nd time)          (s.a.)
 8 Nov 1798 - 22 Nov 1798  Jan van der Bank (2nd time)
22 Nov 1798 -  6 Dec 1798  Eise Eisinga (1st time)            (b. 1744 - d. 1828)
 6 Dec 1798 - 20 Dec 1798  Hylke Hanekuik (2nd time)
20 Dec 1798 -  3 Jan 1799  Epeus Cats (2nd time)              (s.a.)
 6 Jan 1799 - 17 Jan 1799  Jelle Heyes (2nd time)
17 Jan 1799 - 31 Jan 1799  J.G. Semler (2nd time)
31 Jan 1799 - 14 Feb 1799  Jacob Cup (2nd time)
14 Feb 1799 - 26 Feb 1799  Eise Eisinga (2nd time)            (s.a.)
26 Feb 1799 - 14 Mar 1799  Hylke Hanekuik (3rd time)
14 Mar 1799 - 30 Mar 1799  Harmanus Borgrink (2nd time)       (s.a.)
Commissarissen van het uitvoerend bewind (Commissioners of the executive power)
14 Mar 1799 - Jul 1799     Gulbertus van Idsinga              (b. 1756 - d. 1799)
22 Jul 1799 - 21 Jun 1802  Hendrik Nicolaas la Clé            (b. 17.. - d. 1816)
Chairmen of the Departementaal Bestuur van de Eems  
20 Mar 1799 - 15 Apr 1799  Scato Trip (1st time)              (b. 1742 - d. 1822)
15 Apr 1799 - 29 Apr 1799  Johannes Lambertus Huber (1st time)(b. 1750 - d. 1826)
29 apr 1799 - 13 May 1799  J. Geersema van Wychel (1st time)
13 May 1799 - 27 May 1799  Thijs Feenstra (1st time)          (s.a.)
27 May 1799 - 10 Jun 1799  Eise Eisinga (1st time)            (s.a.)
10 Jun 1799 - 25 Jun 1799  Ambrozius Ayzo van Boelens         (b. 1766 - d. 1834)
                             (1st time)
25 Jun 1799 -  8 Jul 1799  Wijgerus Meurs (1st time)          (b. 1772 - d. 1831)
 8 Jul 1799 - 22 Jul 1799  Scato Trip (2nd time)              (s.a.)
22 Jul 1799 -  5 Aug 1799  Huber 2x
 5 Aug 1799 - 19 Aug 1799  Van Boelens 2x
19 Aug 1799 -  2 Sep 1799  Van Wychel 2x
 2 Sep 1799 - 16 Sep 1799  Meurs 2x
16 Sep 1799 - 29 Sep 1799  Feenstra 2x
29 Sep 1799 - 14 Oct 1799  Daam Fockema (1st time)            (b. 1771 - d. 1855)
14 Oct 1799 - 28 Oct 1799  Trip 3x
28 Oct 1799 - 11 Nov 1799  Huber 3x
11 Nov 1799 - 25 Nov 1799  Van Wychel 3x
25 Nov 1799 -  9 Dec 1799  Feenstra 3x
 9 Dec 1799 - 23 Dec 1799  Fockema 2x
23 Dec 1799 -  6 Jan 1800  Meurs x
 6 Jan 1800 - 20 Jan 1800  Van Boelens
20 Jan 1800 -  3 Feb 1800  Huber
 3 Feb 1800 - 17 Feb 1800  Trip
17 Feb 1800 -  3 Mar 1800  Van Wychel
 3 Mar 1800 - 17 Mar 1800  Feenstra
17 Mar 1800 - 31 Mar 1800  Van Boelens
31 Mar 1800 - 14 Apr 1800  Meurs
14 Apr 1800 - 28 Apr 1800  Fockema
28 Apr 1800 - 12 May 1800  Trip
12 May 1800 - 26 May 1800  Huber
26 May 1800 -  5 Jun 1800  Feenstra
 5 Jun 1800 - 23 Jun 1800  Meurs
23 Jun 1800 -  7 Jul 1800  Fockema
 7 Jul 1800 - 21 Jul 1800  Van Wychel
21 Jul 1800 -  4 Aug 1800  Huber
 4 Aug 1800 - 18 Aug 1800  Meurs
18 Aug 1800 -  1 Sep 1800  Feenstra
 1 Sep 1800 - 15 Sep 1800  Trip
15 Sep 1800 - 29 Sep 1800  Van Boelens
29 Sep 1800 - 13 Oct 1800  Fockema
13 Oct 1800 - 27 Oct 1800  Trip
27 Oct 1800 - 10 Nov 1800  Huber
10 Nov 1800 - 24 Nov 1800  Meurs
24 Nov 1800 -  8 Dec 1800  Feenstra
 8 Dec 1800 - 22 Dec 1800  Fockema
22 Dec 1800 -  6 Jan 1801  Huber
 6 Jan 1801 - 19 Jan 1801  A. Tebbens
19 Jan 1801 -  2 Feb 1801  Trip
 2 Feb 1801 - 16 Feb 1801  Fockema
16 Feb 1801 -  2 Mar 1801  Tebbens
 2 Mar 1801 - 16 Mar 1801  Feenstra
16 Mar 1801 - 30 Mar 1801  Meurs
30 Mar 1801 - 13 Apr 1801  Trip
13 Apr 1801 - 27 Apr 1801  Huber
27 Apr 1801 - 11 May 1801  Feenstra
11 May 1801 - 25 May 1801  Fockema
25 May 1801 -  8 Jun 1801  Tebbens
 8 Jun 1801 - 22 Jun 1801  Meurs
22 Jun 1801 -  6 Jul 1801  Trip
 6 Jul 1801 - 20 Jul 1801  Huber
20 Jul 1801 -  3 Aug 1801  Fockema
 3 Aug 1801 - 17 Aug 1801  Feenstra
17 Aug 1801 - 31 Aug 1801  Tebbens
31 Aug 1801 - 14 Sep 1801  Trip
14 Sep 1801 - 28 Sep 1801  Pier Zeper                       (b. 1761 - d. 1845)
28 Sep 1801 - 12 Oct 1801  Feenstra
12 Oct 1801 - 26 Oct 1801  Fockema
26 Oct 1801 -  9 Nov 1801  Zeper
 9 Nov 1801 - 23 Nov 1801  Fockema
23 Nov 1801 -  7 Dec 1801  Trip
 7 Dec 1801 - 21 Dec 1801  Tebbens
21 Dec 1801 -  4 Jan 1802  Feenstra
 4 Jan 1802 - 18 Jan 1802  Zeper
18 Jan 1802 -  1 Feb 1802  Fockema
 1 Feb 1802 - 15 Feb 1802  Trip
15 Feb 1802 -  1 Mar 1802  Tebbens
 1 Mar 1802 - 15 Mar 1802  Feenstra
15 Mar 1802 - 29 Mar 1802  Zeper
29 Mar 1802 - 12 Apr 1802  Fockema
12 Apr 1802 - 16 Apr 1802  Feenstra
16 Apr 1802 - 10 May 1802  Trip
10 May 1802 - 24 May 1802  Zeper
24 May 1802 -  7 Jun 1802  Fockema
 7 Jun 1802 - 21 Jun 1802  Feenstra
21 Jun 1802                Tebbens
Departementaal Bestuur van Friesland
(chairmanship rotated among all members every 15 days)
21 Jun 1802 - 25 Oct 1802  Daniel de Blocq van Haersma        (b. 1732 - d. 1814)
21 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Bernhardus Buma                    (b. 1770 - d. 1838)
21 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Cornelis van Scheltinga            (b. 1743 - d. 1812)
21 Jun 1802 -  8 May 1807  Johan Petrus van Hylckama          (s.a.)
21 Jun 1802 - 29 Oct 1802  Epeus Cats                         (s.a.)
21 Jun 1802 -  8 May 1807  Thijs Feenstra                     (s.a.)
21 Jun 1802 -  8 May 1807  Mathijs Ypeij                      (b. 1762 - d. 1817)
21 Jun 1802 - 25 Oct 1802  Jacob Nanning du Tour              (b. 1749 - d. 1823)
21 Jun 1802 -  8 May 1807  Pieter Freerks Fontein             (s.a.)
21 Jun 1802 - 11 Mar 1806  Tinco Martinus Lycklama            (b. 1766 - d. 1844)
                             Nijeholt
15 Jun 1802 - 27 Oct 1802  Johannes Albarda                   (b. 1761 - d. 1838)
15 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Barteld Douma Tjalling van Sixma   (s.a.)
22 Oct 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Johannes Vriemoet Drabbe           (s.a.)
22 Oct 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Petrus Adrianus Bergsma            (b. 1743 - d. 1824)
29 Oct 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Paulus Gasinjet
22 Oct 1803 -  8 Apr 1807  Sicco Douwe van Aylva              (s.a.)
14 Mar 1806 -  8 May 1807  Willem Livius van Sminia           (b. 1769 - d. 1822)
Landdrost 
 8 May 1807 - 30 Jan 1811  Regnerus Livius van Andringa de    (b. 1752 - d. 1813)
                             Kempenaer
Prefects
30 Jan 1811 - 11 Feb 1811  Regnerus Livius van Andringa de    (s.a.)
                             Kempenaer (acting)
11 Feb 1811 - 18 Nov 1813  Jan Gijsbert Verstolk van Soelen   (b. 1776 - d. 1845)
25 Nov 1813 -  2 Dec 1813  Hector van Sminia (acting)         (b. 1763 - d. 1816)
Commissioners-general
 2 Dec 1813 - 29 Apr 1814  Ennius Harmen Bergsma              (b. 1755 - d. 1828)
                           + Hector van Sminia                (s.a.) 
Governors
29 Apr 1814 -  3 Nov 1826  Idsert Aebinga van Humalda         (b. 1754 - d. 1834)  Org
 3 Nov 1826 - 29 Mar 1840  Jan Adriaan baron van Zuylen van   (b. 1766 - d. 1840)  Ind
                             Nijevelt
19 Oct 1840 - 15 Jul 1848  Maurits Pico Diederik baron van    (b. 1789 - d. 1848)  Ind
                             Sytzama
 1 Dec 1848 -  1 Aug 1850  Jan Ernst Jonkheer van Panhuys     (b. 1808 - d. 1878)  Con-Lib
King's/Queen's Commissioners
 1 Aug 1850 -  9 Jun 1878  Jan Ernst Jonkheer van Panhuys     (s.a.)               Con-Lib
                            (from 12 May 1874 Jan Ernst baron van Panhuys)
 1 Sep 1878 - 13 Jul 1909  Binnert Philip baron van Harinxma  (b. 1839 - d. 1923)  Lib
                             thoe Slooten
13 Jul 1909 -  1 Aug 1940  Pieter Albert Vincent baron van    (b. 1870 - d. 1954)  Ind
                             Harinxma thoe Slooten
Provincial Commissioner
 1 Aug 1940 - May 1945     Pieter Albert Vincent baron van    (s.a.)               Ind
                             Harinxma thoe Slooten
German Plenipotentiaries
 7 Jun 1940 - 30 Jul 1940  Hermann Conring (acting)           (b. 1894 - d. 1989)
1940 - 14 Apr 1945         Werner Friedrich Ross
King's/Queen's Commissioners
Apr 1945 - 1945            S. Aninga (military commissioner)                       Mil
May 1945 - 19 Nov 1945     Pieter Albert Vincent baron van    (s.a.)               Ind
                             Harinxma thoe Slooten
                             (suspended)
May 1945 - Nov 1945        Antoni Wilhelmus Haan              (b. 1896 - d. 1969)  Ind
                             (acting for Slooten)
 1 Dec 1945 -  1 Jun 1970  Henri "Harry" Pieter Linthorst     (b. 1905 - d. 1989)  VVD
                             Homan
16 Jun 1970 - 16 Jun 1982  Hedzer Rijpstra                    (b. 1919 - d. 2011)  CHU;1980 CDA
16 Jun 1982 -  1 Feb 1994  Hans Wiegel                        (b. 1941)            VVD
25 Apr 1994 -  3 Aug 1998  Louis "Loek" Lucie Henri Alphonse  (b. 1951)            VVD
                             Hermans 
 1 Jan 1999 -  1 May 2008  Eduardus "Ed" Hermannus Theresia   (b. 1950)            VVD
                             Nijpels
16 May 2008 -              John A. Jorritsma                  (b. 1957)            VVD

               Adopted 13 Apr 1953

1079                       County of Gelderland
 1 Aug 1317                Principality of Gelderland.
19 Mar 1339                Duchy of Gelderland
Mar 1579                   Province of Gelderland
 1 Jan 1796                Batavian département Gelderland.
23 Apr 1798                Gelderland merged with part of Utrecht and County 
                             of Zutphen to create département Rijn (Rhine). 
19 Sep 1801                Renamed département Gelderland.
 9 Jul 1810                French département Yssel-Supérieur (Upper-Yssel).
1814                       Province of Gelderland (restored).

Stadholders 
23 Jan 1579 - Jul 1580     Johan graaf von Nassau-Dillenburg  (b. 1535 - d. 1606)
1581 - 1583                Willem graaf van den Bergh         (b. 1537 - d. 1586)
1583 - 1585                Willem van 's-Heerenberg-Bosmeer
1585 - Oct 1589            Adolf von Neuenahr-Moers           (b. 1545 - d. 1589)
1589 - 23 Apr 1625         Maurits graaf van Nassau prince    (b. 1567 - d. 1625)
                             d'Orange 
23 Apr 1625 - 14 Mar 1647  Frederik Hendrik                   (b. 1584 - d. 1647)
14 Mar 1647 -  6 Nov 1650  Willem II                          (b. 1626 - d. 1650)
 6 Nov 1650 - 1675         Vacant
1675 - 1702                Willem III                         (b. 1650 - d. 1702)
1702 - 1722                Vacant
1722 - 22 Oct 1751         Willem IV Karel Hendrik Friso      (b. 1711 - d. 1751)
1722 -  9 Apr 1731         Marie Luise von Hessen-            (b. 1688 - d. 1765)
                             Kassel -Regent
22 Oct 1751 - 16 Feb 1795  Willem V Batavus                   (b. 1748 - d. 1806)
22 Oct 1751 - 12 Jan 1759  Anna von Braunschweig-             (b. 1709 - d. 1759)
                             Lüneburg -Regent
12 Jan 1759 -  9 Apr 1765  Marie Luise von Hessen-            (s.a.)
                             Kassel -Regent
 9 Apr 1765 -  8 Mar 1766  Carolina von Nassau-Diez -Regent   (b. 1743 - d. 1787)
Commissioners 
16 Feb 1795 - 22 Feb 1799  ....
22 Feb 1799 - 1801         Hendrik Engelen                    (b. 1745 - d. 1826)
1801 -  8 May 1807         ....
Landdrost
 8 May 1807 - 14 Nov 1807  Gerrit Willem Joseph, baron van    (b. 1758 - d. 1837)
                             Lamswerde
14 Nov 1807 -  1 Jan 1811  Johan Arend de Vos van Steenwijk   (b. 1746 - d. 1813)
1810 - Feb 1811            Verstolk van Soelen
Prefect 
Feb 1811 -  1 Dec 1813     Regnerus Livius van Andringa de    (b. 1752 - d. 1813)
                             Kempenaer
Governors
29 Apr 1814 - 22 Jun 1825  Jan Carel Elias graaf van Lijnden  (b. 1770 - d. 1825)
22 Jun 1825 -  1 Apr 1846  Willem Hendrik Alexander Carel     (b. 1771 - d. 1847)  Org
                             baron van Heeckeren van Kell
 1 Apr 1846 - Oct 1846     Lodewjik Naopleon graaf van        (b. 1807 - d. 1891)  Con
                             Randwijck
11 Oct 1846 -  1 Oct 1847  Derk Willem Gerhard Johan Hendrik  (b. 1801 - d. 1851)
                             baron Brantsen van de Zijp
                             (acting)
 1 Oct 1847 -  1 Aug 1850  Willem Anne baron Schimmelpenninck (b. 1800 - d. 1872)  Mod-Lib
                              van der Oije 
King's/Queen's Commissioners
 1 Aug 1850 -  1 Jan 1853  Willem Anne baron                  (s.a.)               Mod-Lib
                             Schimmelpenninck van der Oije 
 1 Jan 1853 -  1 Jun 1880  Louis Gaspard Adrien graaf van     (b. 1802 - d. 1884)  Lib
                             Limburg Stirum
 1 Jun 1880 -  5 Jan 1909  Johan Hendrik Mello baron van      (b. 1840 - d. 1909)  Con
                             Mollerus van Westkerke
 1 Aug 1909 - 16 Apr 1925  Jonkheer Schelto van Citters       (b. 1865 - d. 1942)  ARP
16 Apr 1925 -  1 Aug 1940  Schelto baron van Heemstra         (b. 1879 - d. 1960)  ARP
                             (1st time)
Provincial Commissioners
 1 Aug 1940 - 19 Sep 1944  Schelto baron van Heemstra         (s.a.)               ARP
19 Sep 1944 - 1945         Harmanus Hondius (acting)          (b. 1903 - d. 1996)  NSB
German Plenipotentiary
 7 Jun 1940 - 1945         Emil Schneider 
King's/Queen's Commissioners
17 Oct 1944 - 1945         Eduard Hendrik Joan baron van      (b. 1892 - d. 1972)  RKSP
                             Voorst tot Voorst (acting)  
May 1945 - 1945            Gerardus Wilhelmus Josephus van    (b. 1882 - d. 1962)  KVP
                             Koeverden (acting) 
Jul 1945 -  1 Jan 1946     Schelto baron van Heemstra         (s.a.)               ARP
                             (2nd time)
 1 Jan 1946 -  1 Jan 1957  Cypriaan Gerard Carel Quarles van  (b. 1891 - d. 1985)  CHU
                             Ufford 
 1 Apr 1957 -  1 Jun 1973  Hugo Willibrord Bloemers           (b. 1908 - d. 2001)  VVD
 1 Dec 1973 -  1 Nov 1983  Molly Geertsema                    (b. 1918 - d. 1991)  VVD
16 Nov 1983 - 29 May 1991  Matthijs "Matty" de Bruijne        (b. 1932 - d. 1991)  VVD
Nov 1990 - Apr 1991        Nicoline Hobbine van den Broek-    (b. 1937)            VVD
                             Laman Trip (f) 
                             (acting for de Bruijne)
 1 Jun 1991 -  1 Nov 1991  Adriaan Pieter Oele (acting)       (b. 1923)            PvdA
 1 Nov 1991 -  1 Dec 1996  Jan Cornelis Terlouw               (b. 1931)            D66
 1 Jan 1997 -  1 Jan 2005  Jan Kamminga                       (b. 1947)            VVD
31 Aug 2005 -              Clemens Gerard Antoon Cornielje    (b. 1958)            VVD

1585                       Upper Gelders (Gelderse Overkwartier) remains under
                             Spanish rule. Spanish were represented by 
                             stadholders nominally ruling all Gedler and Zutphen 
                             residing in Roermond.
1702                       Under Austrian Habsburg rule, part of Austrian Netherlands.
1713                       Southern part (Geldern, Straelen, Wachtendonk, Kessel,
                             Kriekenbeek) was taken by Prussia at Peace of Utrecht.
1713                       The Dutch form the Guelders of the States.
1715                       The Netherlands purchases Venlo, Stevensweert and Montfort. 
1719                       Pfalz annexes Erkelenz.
16 May 1795                Annexed to France as provisional arrondissement of Venlo.
 9 Mar 1801                Formally incorporated into France.
1814                       Part of the Province of Gelderland.

Stadhoulders
1579 - 1589                Jan van Argenteau
1589 - 1592                Marcus de Rye de la Palud
1592 - 1593                Karel van Ligne
1593 - 1611                Herman van den Bergh                 (b. 1558 - d. 1611)
1611 - 1618                Frederik van den Bergh               (b. 1559 - d. 1618)
1618 - 1632                Hendrik van den Bergh                (b. 1573 - d. 1638)
1632 - 1640                Vacant
1640 - 1646                Willem Bette, markies de Lede
1646 - 1652                Johan Koenraad d'Aubremont,          (d. 1652) 
                             heer van Ribaucourt
1652 - 1680                Filips Balthasar van Gent-Vilain, 
                             Prins van d'Isenghien  
1680 - 1699                Franz van Nassau-Siegen              (b. 1627 - d. 1699)
1699 - 1702                Filips Emanuel van Horn, Prins van   (b. 1661 - d. 1718)
                             Horn en IJse, graaf van Bassigny         
1702 - 1716                Vacant
1716 - 1717                Damian Casimir von Dalberg           (d. 1717)
1727 - 1738                Jean Maestro de Negretti
1738 - 1795                the Court of Upper Gelders

Guelders of the States

1713                       Guelders of the States/Staats-Oppergelre) created from towns of
                             Beesel, Echt, Laak (Echt), Linne, Montfort, Nieuwstadt, Ohé,
                             Sint Odiliënberg and Vlodrop.
1715                       The Netherlands purchases Venlo, Stevensweert and Montfort
                             (Guelders of the States/Staats-Oppergelre) administered by
                             the Staten-Generaal as a Generality Land.
1719                       Pfalz annexes Erkelenz.
16 May 1795                Annexed to France as provisional arrondissement of Venlo.
 9 Mar 1801                Formally incorporated into France.
1814                       Part of the Province of Gelderland.

Administrators
1713 - 1795                ....

                Adopted 17 Feb 1950

1024                       Part of Utrecht.
1282                       Republic of Groningen
1499                       Imperial administration.
25 Oct 1555                Spanish rule.
16 May 1795                Becomes département Groningen.
 1 Jan 1796                Batavian département Groningen.
23 Apr 1798                Abolished and merged with Friesland to 
                             form département Eems (see under Friesland).
19 Sep 1801                Département Stad en Landen van Groningen (City and
                             Land of Groningen).
 8 May 1807                Renamed département Groningen.
 9 Jul 1810                Annexed to France and united with Drenthe as
                             the département Ems-Occidental (Western Ems).
1814                       Province of Groningen (restored).

Stadhouders
1536 - 1594                the Stadhouders of Friesland
23 Jul 1594 - 31 May 1620  Willem Lodewijk graaf von Nassau-  (b. 1560 - d. 1620)
                             Dillenburg
31 May 1620 - 23 Apr 1625  Maurits prince d'Orange            (b. 1567 - d. 1625)
23 Apr 1625 -  4 Jun 1632  Ernst Kasimir graaf von Nassau-    (b. 1573 - d. 1632)
                             Diez
 4 Jun 1632 - 12 Jul 1640  Hendrik Kasimir I graaf von Nassau (b. 1612 - d. 1640)
                             Diez
12 Jul 1640 - 14 Mar 1647  Frederik Hendrik prince d'Orange   (b. 1584 - d. 1647)
14 Mar 1647 -  6 Nov 1650  Willem II prince d'Orange          (b. 1626 - d. 1650)
 6 Nov 1650 - 21 Oct 1664  Willem Frederik graaf von Nassau-  (b. 1613 - d. 1664)
                             Diez
21 Oct 1664 - 1674         Vacant
1674 - 15 Mar 1696         Hendrik Kasimir II                 (b. 1657 - d. 1696)
1674 - 18 Jan 1677         Albertina van Oranje-              (b. 1634 - d. 1696)
                             Nassau -Regent
15 Mar 1696 - 19 Mar 1702  Willem III                         (b. 1650 - d. 1702)
19 Mar 1702 - 1718         Vacant
1718 - 22 Oct 1751         Willem IV Karel Hendrik Friso      (b. 1711 - d. 1751)
1711 -  9 Apr 1731         Marie Luise von Hessen-            (b. 1688 - d. 1765)
                             Kassel -Regent
22 Oct 1751 - 16 Feb 1795  Willem V Batavus                   (b. 1748 - d. 1806)
22 Oct 1751 - 12 Jan 1759  Anna von Braunschweig-             (b. 1709 - d. 1759)
                             Lüneburg -Regent
12 Jan 1759 -  9 Apr 1765  Marie Luise von Hessen-            (s.a.)
                             Kassel -Regent
 9 Apr 1765 -  8 Mar 1766  Carolina von Nassau-Diez -Regent   (b. 1743 - d. 1787)
Commissarissen van het uitvoerend bewind (Commissioners of the executive power) 
16 Feb 1795 - 16 Mar 1799  ....
16 Mar 1799 - Jul 1799     Gulbertus van Idsinga              (d. 1799)
22 Jul 1799 - 21 Jun 1802  Hendrik Nicolaas la Clé
Departementaal Bestuur van de Eems
20 Dec 1798 - 21 Jun 1802  see under Friesland                 
Departementaal Bestuur van Groningen
 4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Louis Bothenius Lohman             (b. 1738 - d. 1807)
 4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Edzard Jacob Alberda van           (b. 1768 - d. 1816)
                             Bloemersma
 4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Duco Gerrold Rengers van Farmsum   (b. 1750 - d. 1810)
 4 Jun 1802 - May 1807     J. Geersema van Wijchel
 4 Jun 1802 - May 1807     Joost Jarges                       (b. 1760 - d. 1845)
 4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Johan Hora Siccama                 (b. 1738 - d. 1812)
 4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Johan Wichers                      (b. 1740 - d. 1818)
 4 Jun 1802 - Feb 1804     Evert Joost Lewe van Aduard        (b. 1743 - d. 1804)
 4 Jun 1802 - May 1807     S.W. Tjassens
 4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Hendrik Nicolaas la Clé
 4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Hendrik de Sandra Veldtman         (d. c.1816)
 4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  F.W. Tichgelaar
29 Apr 1803 -  1 Aug 1805  Balthazar Daniël van Idsinga       (b. 1745 - d. 1818)
14 Jun 1803 - May 1807     Hendrik Guichart                   (b. 1750 - d. 1837)
19 Jul 1805 - May 1807     Egbert Lewe van Middelstum         (b. 1743 - d. 1822)
19 Jul 1805 - May 1807     Campegius Hermannus Gockinga       (b. 1748 - d. 1823)
Landdrost
 8 May 1807 -  1 Mar 1811  Hendrik Ludolf Wichers             (b. 1747 - d. 1840)
Prefects of Ems-Occidental
 1 Mar 1811 -  8 Nov 1813  Sébastien Louis Joseph Jannesson   (b. 1779 - d. 1864) 
 9 Dec 1813 - 1814         Claude-Auguste Petit baron de      (b. 1748 - d. 1819)
                             Beauverger
Governors
28 Apr 1814 - 13 Feb 1830  Gustaaf Willem baron van Imhoff    (b. 1767 - d. 1830)
14 Jun 1830 -  1 Sep 1850  Willem Frederik Lodewjik baron     (b. 1789 - d. 1859)  Org
                             Rengers
King's/Queen's Commissioners
 1 Sep 1850 -  1 Jan 1853  Louis Gaspard Adrien graaf van     (b. 1802 - d. 1884)  Lib
                             Limburg Stirum
18 Jan 1853 -  9 Aug 1867  Isaäc Antoni Soetens van Roijen    (b. 1800 - d. 1868)  Lib
 9 Aug 1867 -  2 Nov 1882  Louis graaf van Heiden Reinestein  (b. 1809 - d. 1882)  Con
 1 Jan 1883 -  9 Dec 1892  Johan Æmilius Abraham van Panhuys  (b. 1836 - d. 1907)  Ind
 9 Dec 1892 -  1 Oct 1917  Carel Coenraad Geertsema           (b. 1843 - d. 1928)  Lib
 1 Oct 1917 -  1 Jun 1925  Edzard Tjarda van Starkenborgh     (b. 1859 - d. 1936)  Lib
                             Stachouwer
 1 Jun 1925 -  1 Nov 1933  Alidius Warmoldus Lambertus Tjarda (b. 1888 - d. 1978)  Lib
                             van Starkenborgh Stachouwer 
 1 Dec 1933 -  1 Apr 1937  Joachim Fockema Andreae            (b. 1879 - d. 1949)  Lib
 1 Jun 1937 -  1 Aug 1940  Johannes Linthorst Homan           (b. 1903 - d. 1986)  LSP
Provincial Commissioners
 1 Aug 1940 -  9 Aug 1941  Johannes Linthorst Homan           (s.a.)               LSP
11 Aug 1941 -  1 Mar 1942  Edzo Hommes Ebels (acting)         (b. 1889 - d. 1970)  LSP
 1 Mar 1942 -  5 May 1945  Christiaan Frederik Staargaard     (b. 1885 - d. 1851)  NSB
German Plenipotentiary
 7 Jun 1940 - 1945         Hermann Conring                    (b. 1894 - d. 1989)
King's/Queen's Commissioners
 5 May 1945 -  1 Jul 1954  Edzo Hommes Ebels                  (s.a.)              PvdV:1948 VVD
                             (acting to 1 Dec 1945)
 1 Jul 1954 - 24 Nov 1961  Willem Augustijn Offerhaus         (b. 1897 - d. 1961)  VVD
 1 Apr 1962 -  1 Feb 1970  Cornelis "Cees" Laurens Willem     (b. 1905 - d. 1999)  VVD
                             Fock
 1 Feb 1970 -  1 Nov 1980  Edzo Hendrik Toxopeus              (b. 1918 - d. 2009)  VVD
16 Dec 1980 -  1 Jul 1996  Hendrik "Henk" Johan Lubbert       (b. 1931 - d. 2010)  VVD
                             Vonhoff
 1 Sep 1996 -  1 Sep 2007  Johannes "Hans" Gerardus Maria     (b. 1952)            PvdA
                             Alders
 1 Sep 2007 -              Margrietus "Max" Johannes van den  (b. 1946)            PvdA
                             Berg

Westerwolde and Wedde

1316                       Saxon self-governing land of Westerwolde signs an alliance with
                             the Bishop of Münster and becoming a de facto possession of
                             Münster.
13..                       Adde I Addinga made Lord of Westerwolde under the overlordship
                             of Münster.
1401 - 1401                Brief occupation by city of Groningen.     
1478                       Westerwolde occupied by the city of Groningen.
 1 Apr 1482                Westerwolde is leased to the city of Groningen by the Bishop of
                             Münster.
1498                       Groningen returns Westerwolde to Münster.     
1530                       Occupation of Westerwolde by Gelre; de facto end of the rule of the
                             Bishops of Münster and of the Addinga lords.
1533                       Duke of Gelre grants Westerwolde as a fief to Lady Bawyne van
                             Heemstra.
22 Sep 1536                Westerwolde was occupied by Habsburg troops and becomes part of the
                             Habsburg Netherlands; de jure end of the rule of Gelre, Münster
                             and the Addinga family.
25 Aug 1538                Habsburg Stadholder of Groningen, Georg Schenck von Tautenburg,
                             is made Lord of Westerwolde by Emperor Charles V.
25 Oct 1555                Along with the other Habsburg possessions in the Netherlands,
                             Westerwolde is transferred to the Spanish branch.
18 Oct 1593                After years of war, Westerwolde is definitively occupied by troops
                             of the Dutch Republic. It is not annexed to province of Stad
                             en Lande but organized as a Generaliteitsland (Generality Land)
                             under the States General.
20 May 1617                Anne de Croy sells Westerwolde to merchant Willem van den Hove. 
23 Sep 1619 - 23 Apr 1798  Owned by the City of Groningen.
21 Jun 1619                Unable to pay the agreed sum, Willem van den Hove sold Westerwolde
                             to the city of Groningen.
23 Sep 1619                Groningen takes possession of Westerwolde.
1672 - 1672                Briefly occupied by Münster.
1795                       Westerwolde came under the authority of the new revolutionary and
                             provisional administrations of the province Stad en Lande.
                             For the time being it remained under the town of Groningen,
                             keeping its traditional adminstration headed by the Drost.
23 Apr 1798                Westerwolde becomes part of the department of the Eems.
1814                       Part of province of Groningen.  

Lords/Owners
13.. - 13..                Adde I Addinga
13.. - 1391                Egge I                             (d. 1391)    
 4 Jun 1391 - bf.1400      Ade II      
 4 Jun 1391 - ...          Boele     
bf.4 Jun 1391 - bf.1443    Hayo I                             (d. bf.1443)
                             (imprisoned by Groningen 1401-08)
bf.4 Jun 1443-21 Apr 1475  Egge II                            (d. 1475)  
1476 - 30 Mar 1492         Hayo II (expelled 1478-86)         (d. 1492)
Mar 1492 - 1525            Jurgen                             (b. c.1490 - d. 1525)       
1525 - 1530                Hayo III                           (d. 1540)
1533 - 22 Sep 1536         Lady Bawyne van Heemstra
25 Aug 1538 -  2 Feb 1540  Georg Schenck von Tautenburg       (b. 1480 - d. 1540)
 2 Feb 1540 - 28 Feb 1561  Karel Schenk van Tautenburg        (b. 1527 - d. 1571)
28 Feb 1561 - 23 May 1568  Jean de Ligne Graf von Arenberg    (b. c.1525 – d. 1568)
23 May 1568 - 18 Jan 1616  Charles de Ligne Graf von Arenberg (b. 1550 - d. 1616)
18 Jan 1616 - 20 May 1617  Anne de Croy
20 May 1617 - 21 Jun 1619  Willem van den Hove
Drosten
- under Guelre -
1530 - 1532                Berend van Hackfort                (b. c.1475 - d. 1557)
1532 - 1536                Jurgen van Munster 
- under the Habsburgs/Spain -
1536 - 1539                Reynolt van Burmania
1539 - 1566                Hans Hesse
1566 - 1594                Matthias Ort 
- under the Republic -
1594 - 1606                Jacob Entens
1606 - 1634                Edzard Rengers van ten Post,       (b. 1578 - d. 1652)
                             heer van Tuinga en Oldenhuis  
1634 - 1652                Johan Coenders                     (d. 1664)
 6 Sep 1652 - 1656         Gerard Gruys
10 Feb 1656 - 1670         Johan Verrutius
15 Feb 1670 - 1709         Berent Aldringa de oudere          (b. c.1635 - d. 1709)      
1709 - 1745                Berent Aldringa de jongere
1745 - 1749                Petrus Muntinghe (1st time)        (d. 1777)
1749 - 1754                Rudolf de Mepsche van Haan,        (b. 1695 - d. 1754)
                             heer van Haan            
1755 - 1777                Petrus Muntinghe (2nd time)        (s.a.)
1777 - 1805                Albert Hendrik van Swinderen       (b. 17.. - d. 1805)
1805 - 1807                Willem de Sitter                   (b. 1750 - d. 1827)
Bailiff
1807 - 1810                Willem de Sitter                   (s.a.)

Representatives of the Staten-Generaal for Westerwolde
1594 - 1795                the Stadhoulders of Groningen       

1632                       Limburg of the States/Staats-Limburg or Staats-Overmaas covering the
                             "Lands beyond the Meuse" (Landen van Overmaze); administered by
                             the Staten-Generaal as a Generality Land.
Nov 1794                   France forms the area into the Meuse-Inférieure département.
                             The department is formed by the merger of: part of Staats-Brabant
                             (the so-called Villages of Redemption); Staats-Limburg (the 
                             so-called Lands beyond the Meuse/Landen van Overmaze: Dalhem,
                             's-Hertogenrade and Valkenburg); Staats-Opper-Gelderland;
                             the City of Maastricht (a Netherlands/Liège condominium); 
                             possessions of the Principality of Liège (such as the County of
                             Horn, the County of Loon, the Abbey of Munsterbilzen, etc.);
                             and a multitude of minor Free Imperial territories, the most
                             important of which was the Abbey of Thorn.
 1 Oct 1795                Annexed to France (as département Meuse-Inférieure [Lower Meuse]
                             [see Belgium]; French rule ends 1814).
 1 Aug 1814                A commissioner of the realm of The Netherlands installed for 
                             the left bank of Meuse River.
Aug 1815                   Netherlands province of Limburg established by the merger
                             of several territories that had been part of France from
                             1795 to 1814 (Meuse-Inférieure département).
 4 Oct 1830                Administration by Belgium established (except in Maastricht).
19 Apr 1839                Final Act of the London Conference divides the province:
                             part becomes Belgian, the rest becomes the Duchy of Limburg,
                             in personal union with the Kingdom of the Netherlands.
 5 Sep 1839                Duchy of Limburg accepted as a member state of 
                             the German Confederation.
11 May 1867                Following the dissolution of the German Confederation,
                             Limburg is incorporated into the Kingdom of the Netherlands;
                             Hertogdom Limburg continues in some official use to 1906,
                             while the style Hertog van Limburg remains incorporated
                             (tacitly, as part of enz., enz., enz.) into the royal style
Feb 1907                   Use of the style Duchy of Limburg officially ends.

Commissioner
1794 - 1795                C.C. Roemers
Dukes of Limburg
19 Apr 1839 - 11 May 1867  the kings of the Netherlands
Commissioner
 1 Aug 1814 - 1815         Johan Antoon Christiaan van        (b. 1768 - d. 1835) 
                             Panhuys                 
Governors¹
16 Sep 1815 - 1828         Charles de Brouckère               (b. 1757 - d. 1830)  Org
1828 - 1831                Maximilien baron de Beeckman de    (b. 1781 - d. 1834)
                             Libersart                        (b. 1781 - d. 1834)
 8 Apr 1831 - 27 Apr 1831  Pierre André Servais Kerèns        (b. 1780 - d. 1862)  Org
                             (acting)
27 Apr 1831 - 12 Jun 1839  Johan Eberhard Paul Ernst Gericke  (b. 1785 - d. 1845)
                             van Herwijnen 
                            (extraordinary commissioner)
12 Jun 1839 - 12 Jan 1841  Johan Eberhard Paul Ernst Gericke  (s.a.)
                             van Herwijnen 
                           + Anton Joseph Lambert Borret      (b. 1782 - d. 1858)  Con
                           (commissioners for taking possession)
12 Jan 1841 - 19 Nov 1845  Johan Eberhard Paul Ernst Gericke  (s.a.)
                             van Herwijnen 
23 Dec 1845 - 19 Jan 1846  Pieter Daniël Eugenius MacPherson  (b. 1792 - d. 1846)
 1 Mar 1846 -  1 Aug 1850  Eduardus Johannes Petrus van       (b. 1802 - d. 1873)  Lib
                             Meeuwen 
King's/Queen's Commissioners¹
 1 Aug 1850 - 10 Sep 1856  Eduardus Johannes Petrus van       (s.a.)               Lib
                             Meeuwen 
 1 Oct 1856 - 27 Aug 1874  Pieter Joseph "Joseph" August      (b. 1816 - d. 1892)  Mod-Lib
                             Marie van der Does de Willebois 
 1 Nov 1874 -  1 Nov 1893  Eduard Joseph Corneille Marie      (b. 1817 - d. 1893)  Con
                             de Kuyper
 1 Nov 1893 - 16 May 1918  Gustave Louis Marie Hubert Ruijs   (b. 1842 - d. 1926)  Con
                             de Beerenbrouck 
                            (from 21 Mar 1895, Gustave Ruijs de Beerenbrouck) 
16 May 1918 -  8 Sep 1918  Charles Joseph Marie Ruijs de      (b. 1873 - d. 1936)  AB
                             Beerenbrouck
 1 Nov 1918 - 12 Feb 1936  Eduard Otto Joseph Maria baron     (b. 1877 - d. 1936)  RKSP
                             van Hövell tot Westerflier 
 1 Jun 1936 -  1 Aug 1940  Willem Georges Alphonse van        (b. 1877 - d. 1969)  RKSP
                             Sonsbeeck (1st time)
Provincial Commissioners
 1 Aug 1940 -  5 Feb 1941  Willem Georges Alphonse van        (s.a.)               RKSP
                             Sonsbeeck 
Feb 1941 -  6 Sep 1944     Maximilien "Max" Victor Eugène     (b. 1894 - d. 1975)  NSB
                             Hubert Joseph Marie  graaf de 
                             Marchant et d'Ansembourg 
German Plenipotentiaries
 2 Jun 1940 - 1940         Alfred Weber 
26 Jul 1940 - 15 Nov 1944  Wilhelm Schmidt 
King's/Queen's Commissioners¹
14 Sep 1944 -  1 Jan 1947  Willem Georges Alphonse van        (s.a.)             RKSP;1945 KVP
                             Sonsbeeck (2nd time)
 1 Jan 1947 -  1 Jan 1964  François Joseph Marie Anne Hubert  (b. 1898 - d. 1976)  KVP
                             Houben
 1 Jan 1964 -  1 Feb 1977  Charles Joan Marie Adriaan van Rooy(b. 1912 - d. 1996)  KVP
 1 Aug 1977 - 16 May 1990  Johan "Sjeng" Kremers              (b. 1933)           KVP;1980 CDA
29 Jun 1990 -  1 Jul 1993  Emile "Emiel" Maria Mastenbroek    (b. 1930 - d. 2005)  CDA
 1 Jul 1993 -  1 Jul 2005  Bernard-Jan Marie baron van Voorst (b. 1944)            CDA
                             tot Voorst
 1 Jul 2005 -  1 Oct 2011  Leonardus "Léon" Johannes Petrus   (b. 1950)            CDA
                             Maria Frissen
 1 Oct 2011 -              Theodorus "Theo" Bovens            (b. 1959)            CDA             

 ¹Despite the fact that the style of Commissaris van de Koning/Koningin (Commissioners of the King/Queen) was formally also introduced in Limburg in 1850, the ancient style of Governor continued - and still continues to be very commonly used, even in official documents, partly
as a consequence of the special position of Limburg in 1839-1867 and partly also as a Limburgian particularism.

               Adopted 21 Jan 1959

1588                       Brabant of the States (Staas-Brabant)(Breda, Bergen-op-Zoom, 
                             Grave, Cuyk, Megen, Gemert, Steenbergen, Willemstad, 
                             and other areas) part of the Netherlands; administered by
                             the Staten-Generaal as a Generality Land.
 1 Mar 1793                Annexation of Duchy of Brabant by France. The territory not 
                             incorporated.
19 Mar 1793                France loses the territory.
10 Oct 1794                Arrondissement provisional of 's-Hertogenbosch (in French: 
                             Bois-le-Duc), under French occupation; formed from the
                             municipality of 's-Hertogenbosch, the middle and the east of
                             Staas-Brabant and from districts of Oisterwijk,
                             Kempenland (Eindhoven), Peelland (Sint-Oedenrode) and Maasland
                             (Oss).
 1 Jan 1796                Batavian département Bataafsche-Brabant (Batavian Brabant).
23 Apr 1798                Renamed département Dommel.
19 Sep 1801                Renamed département Bataafsche-Brabant.
 8 May 1807                Named département Brabant.
24 Apr 1810                Annexed by France.
 9 Jul 1810                Divided into the départements of Deux-Nèthes (see Belgium)
                             and Bouches-du-Rhin.
1814                       End of French rule; province of Brabant.
1815                       Renamed Noord-Barabant.

President-Councillors of the Council of Brabant
(subordinated to the Staten-Generaal)
26 Sep 1591 - 21 Sep 1600  Andries Hesselt van Dinther        (b. 1544 - d. 1600)
 4 Oct 1600 - 1619         Louis Meganck                      (d. 1619)
 2 Dec 1619 - 27 Oct 1628  Willem Martini                     (b. c.1533 - d. 1629)
28 Oct 1628 - 1649         Jacques van Aerssen                (b. 1576 - d. 1649)
29 May 1649 - 30 Jun 1650  Mattheus Hesselt van Dinther       (d. 1650)
 1 Jul 1650 - 28 Dec 1663  David de Ruijter                   (d. 1663)
28 Dec 1663 - 1678         Aernout van Beaumont               (d. 1678)
 9 May 1678 - 16 Sep 1689  Pieter de Schilder, Jr.            (d. 1689)
17 Feb 1689 - 22 Oct 1692  Johan Wierts                       (d. 1692)
29 Oct 1692 - 23 Sep 1693  Nicolaes Kann                      (b. 1638 - d. 1693)
30 Sep 1693 - 11 Sep 1703  Salomon Dierkens                   (b. 1641 - d. 1703)
13 Sep 1703 - 22 May 1717  Maurits le Leu de Wilhem           (b. 1643 - d. 1724)
29 May 1717 - 24 Oct 1719  Quirijn van Strijen                (b. 1648 - d. 1719)
25 Oct 1719 -  2 Jan 1733  Willem van Persijn                 (b. 1655 - d. 1733)
 3 Jan 1733 - 11 Oct 1740  Joan Scott                         (b. 1674 - d. 1740)
13 Oct 1740 - 31 May 1759  Franc van der Goes                 (b. 1687 - d. 1767)
20 Apr 1759 - 14 Nov 1771  Jacobus Arnoldus de Perponcher     (b. 1692 - d. 1771)
                             Sedlnitsky
15 Nov 1771 - Oct 1783     Nicolaas Hendrik van Hoorn         (b. 1716 - d. 1783)
20 Oct 1783 -  9 Apr 1795  Willem van Laer                    (d. 1799)
Administrators
10 Oct 1794 - 1798         ....
Departementaal Bestuur van de Dommel
20 Dec 1798 - 1799         Henrik Ribbius                     (b. 1769 - d. 1836)  
20 Dec 1798 - 1799         Willem Libotté                     (b. 1763 - d. 1839)
20 Dec 1798 - 1799         Johan Richard van Ommeren          (b. 1757 - d. 1820)
20 Dec 1798 - 1799         Johannes Linsen                    (b. 1767 - d. 1842)
Commissioners 
1799 - Nov 1801            Gerardus Anthony Visscher          (b. 1762 - d. 1827)
Nov 1801 - Jun 1802        Jacob van Haeften                  (b. 1751 - d. 1831)
Departementaal Bestuur van Brabant
 4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Jan Rochussen                      (b. 1759 - d. 1818)
 4 Jun 1802 - 11 Oct 1805  Joannis Alexander Krieger          (b. 1759 - d. 1832)
 4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Gerardus Bernardus Verheyen        (b. 1774 - d. 1835)
 4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Arnoldus Josephus Ingen Housz      (b. 1766 - d. 1859)
 4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Cornelius Floren                   (b. 1754 - d. 1811)
 4 Jun 1802 - 12 May 1807  Paulus Emanuel Antonius de la      (b. 1760 - d. 1848)
                             Court
 4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Petrus Josephus van  Berckel       (b. 1741 - d. 1817)
 4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Johan van Heurn                    (b. 1751 - d. 1815)
 4 Jun 1802 - 12 May 1807  Gerard de Jong                     (b. 1757 - d. 1837)
 4 Jun 1802 -  3 Jul 1804  Eduardus van Mattemburch           (b. 1746 - d. 1808)
 4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  François Jacob Gallé               (b. 1736 - d. 1809)
15 Aug 1803 -  1 Aug 1805  Petrus Andreas van Meeuwen         (b. 1772 - d. 1848)
 6 Jun 1804 - Oct 1806     Petrus Verhoysen                   (b. 1757 - d. 1835)
19 Jul 1805 - Nov 1806     Jean Louis Trip                    (b. 1750 - d. 1822)
20 Sep 1805 - Oct 1806     Johannes Baptista Verheyen         (b. 1757 - d. 1835)
Landdrost
 8 May 1807 - Apr 1810     Paulus Emanuel Antonius de la      (s.a.)
                             Court 
Prefect of Bouches-du-Rhin
 9 Jul 1810 - 1814         Nicolas, baron Frémin de Beaumont  (b. 1744 - d. 1820)
Governors
Apr 1814 - 10 Feb 1820     Carel Gerard Hultman               (b. 1753 - d. 1820)  Pat
10 Feb 1820 - 23 Nov 1822  Benoît Joseph Holvoet              (b. 1763 - d. 1838)
27 Mar 1823 -  1 Aug 1826  Ewoud van Vredenburch              (b. 1779 - d. 1861)
                             (acting to 1823)
 1 Aug 1826 - 17 Feb 1830  Alexandre François Ghislain        (b. 1769 - d. 1840)
                             burggraaf van der Fosse 
17 Feb 1830 - 15 May 1842  Andreas Johannes Ludovicus van den (b. 1787 - d. 1855)
                             Bogaerde van Terbrugge 
19 May 1842 -  1 Aug 1850  Anton Joseph Lambert Borret        (b. 1782 - d. 1858)  Con
King's/Queen's Commissioners
 1 Aug 1850 -  1 Sep 1856  Anton Joseph Lambert Borret        (s.a.)               Con
 1 Oct 1856 - 25 May 1894  Paulus Jan Bosch van Drakestein    (b. 1825 - d. 1894)  Lib
1894                       L.A.N. Gerrits (acting)
16 Aug 1894 - 27 Jul 1928  Arthur Eduard Joseph van Voorst    (b. 1858 - d. 1928)  Con
                             tot Voorst 
16 Sep 1928 -  1 Aug 1940  Jonkheer Augustinus Bernardus      (b. 1882 - d. 1957)  RKSP
                             Gijsbertus Maria van Rijckevorsel 
Provincial Commissioner
 1 Aug 1940 - 1945         Jonkheer Augustinus Bernardus      (s.a.)               RKSP
                             Gijsbertus Maria van Rijckevorsel 
German Plenipotentiaries
 2 Jun 1940 - 1940         Alfred Weber 
31 Jul 1940 - 1941         Wilhelm "Willy" Ritterbusch
22 Oct 1941 - 1944         Robert Thiel
 1 May 1944 - 1944         Heinrich Sellmer
King's/Queen's Commissioners
1944 - 1946                Jonkheer J.Th.M. Smits van Oijen   (b. 1888 - d. 1978) RKSP;1945 KVP
                             (acting)                    
 1 Nov 1946 - 19 May 1959  Jan Eduard de Quay                 (b. 1901 - d. 1985)  KVP
 1 Oct 1959 -  1 Aug 1973  Constantinus "Constant" Nicolaas   (b. 1908 - d. 1997)  KVP
                             Maria Kortmann 
 1 Dec 1973 -  1 Jun 1983  Jan Dirk van der Harten            (b. 1918 - d. 1998) KVP;1980 CDA
16 Jun 1983 -  1 Apr 1987  Andreas "Dries" Antonius Maria     (b. 1931)            CDA
                             van Agt 
22 Apr 1987 -  1 Oct 2003  Frank Johannes Maria Houben        (b. 1939)            CDA
 1 Oct 2003 -  1 Oct 2009  Johanna "Hanja" Rika Hermanna      (b. 1943)            CDA
                             Maij-Weggen (f) 
 1 Oct 2009 -              Wilhelmus "Wim" B.H. van de Donk   (b. 1962)            CDA

Gecedeerde Landen

1795                       French occupation of possessions of foreign princes depending
                             on the Holy Roman Empire; incl. Ravenstein, Megen, Boxmeer,
                             Gemert and Bokhoven).
18 Dec 1797                Named Veroverde Landen tussen Maas en Rijn en Rijn en Moezel.
23 Jan 1798                Part of département of Roer (see under Germany).
 5 Jan 1800                Sold by France to the Batavian Republic.
 8 Mar 1800                Incorporated into Batavian Republic as the Gecedeerde Landen.
20 Sep 1805                Incorporated into Noord-Brabant.

Commissioners 
 8 Mar 1800 -  7 Dec 1800  Gerardus Anthony Visscher          (b. 1762 - d. 1827)
 7 Dec 1800 - 14 Mar 1803  Jacob van Haeften                  (b. 1751 - d. 1831)
14 Mar 1803 - 20 Sep 1805  Gerard de Jongh                    (b. 1757 - d. 1837)

               Adopted 22 Oct 1958

1018                       County of Holland.
19 Jul 1425                Burgundian rule.
25 Oct 1555                Spanish rule.
26 Jul 1581                Province of Holland
 1 Jan 1796                Batavian département Holland.
23 Apr 1798                Divided into départements of Amstel, Delf and Texel.
19 Sep 1801                Restoration of département Holland.
 8 May 1807                Divided between départements of Amstelland and Maasland.
1814                       Province of Holland (restored).
1840                       Divided into provinces of Noord-Holland and Zuid-Holland.

Stadholders (in Holland, Zeeland and Utrecht)
1585 - 23 Apr 1625         Maurits graaf van Nassau prince    (b. 1567 - d. 1625)
                             d'Orange (in Utrecht from 1590)
23 Apr 1625 - 14 Mar 1647  Frederik Hendrik                   (b. 1584 - d. 1647)
14 Mar 1647 -  6 Nov 1650  Willem II                          (b. 1626 - d. 1650)
 6 Nov 1650 -  2 Jul 1672  Vacant
 2 Jul 1672 - 19 Mar 1702  Willem III                         (b. 1650 - d. 1702)
19 Mar 1702 - 10 May 1747  Vacant
10 May 1747 - 22 Jan 1751  Willem IV Karel Hendrik Friso      (b. 1711 - d. 1751)
                             (acting to 22 Nov 1747)
22 Oct 1751 - 16 Feb 1795  Willem V Batavus                   (b. 1748 - d. 1806)
22 Oct 1751 - 12 Jan 1759  Anna von Braunschweig-             (b. 1709 - d. 1759)
                             Lüneburg -Regent
12 Jan 1759 -  9 Apr 1765  Marie Luise von Hessen-            (b. 1688 - d. 1765)
                             Kassel -Regent
 9 Apr 1765 -  8 Mar 1766  Carolina von Nassau-Diez -Regent   (b. 1743 - d. 1787)
Pensionaries of the Council (Raadpensionaris, usually translated Grand 
Pensionaries) of the states of Holland and Friesland
27 May 1689 -  3 Aug 1720  Anthonie Heinsius                  (b. 1641 - d. 1720)
12 Sep 1720 - 17 Jun 1727  Isaäc van Hoornbek                 (b. 1655 - d. 1727)
17 Jul 1727 -  1 Dec 1736  Simon van Slingelandt              (b. 1664 - d. 1736)
 1 Dec 1736 -  4 Apr 1737  Vacant
 4 Apr 1737 - 17 Jul 1746  Anthonie van der Heim              (b. 1693 - d. 1746)
23 Sep 1746 - 18 Jun 1749  Jacob Gilles                       (b. 1692 - d. 1765)
18 Jun 1749 -  5 Nov 1772  Peiter Steyn                       (b. 1706 - d. 1772)
 1 Dec 1772 - Nov 1787     Pieter van Bleiswijk               (b. 1724 - d. 1790)
 9 Nov 1787 -  4 Feb 1795  Laurens Pieter Laurenszoon van     (b. 1735 - d. 1800)
                             de Spiegel
Chairman of Provisionele Representanten van het volk van Holland
(Provisional Representatives of the People of Holland)
26 Jan 1795 -  2 Mar 1796  Pieter Paulus                      (b. 1754 - d. 1796)
Provinciaal Bestuur (Provincial Administration)
Mar 1796 - Jan 1798        Provincial Executive Committee
                           (20 members, chair rotates monthly)
Chairmen of Intermediair Administratief Bestuur van Bataafs Brabant
(Transitional Administrative Administration)
 5 Feb 1798 - 21 Feb 1798  K. Hovens
21 Feb 1798 - 14 Mar 1798  P.F.D. Chandon
14 Mar 1798 - 26 Mar 1798  W. Ris (1st time)
26 Mar 1798 - 10 Apr 1798  P.R. Pieterse (1st time)
10 Apr 1798 - 16 Apr 1798  W. Ris (2nd time)
16 Apr 1798 - 30 Apr 1798  P.R. Pieterse (2nd time)
30 Apr 1798 - 31 May 1798  A. Oltmans
31 May 1798 - 29 Jun 1798  D. Hoitsma
29 Jun 1798 -  6 Jul 1798  B. Cool
 6 Jul 1798 - 29 Jul 1798  P.R. Pieterse (3rd time)
29 Jul 1798 - 31 Aug 1798  J.A. Crayenschot
31 Aug 1798 - 28 Sep 1798  H. Gildemeester
28 Sep 1798 - 31 Oct 1798  R. van den Bosch
31 Oct 1798 - 30 Nov 1798  F. van der Goes (1st time)
30 Nov 1798 - 21 Dec 1798  J. Penning
21 Dec 1798 - 31 Jan 1799  C.J. Branger
31 Jan 1799 - 28 Feb 1799  J.D.A. Havart
28 Feb 1799 - 30 Mar 1799  F. van der Goes (2nd time)
1799 - 18 Sep 1801         Divided into départements of Amstel, Delf and Texel
Departementaal Bestuur (Departmental Administration)
1802 - 31 Jul 1805         Gedeputeerd Departementaal Bestuur
                            (Representative Departmental Administration)
                            (12 members, chair rotates every 14 days)
Raad van Financiën (Council of Finances)
31 Jul 1805 - 1807         7 members (chair rotates monthly)
 8 May 1807 - 1814         Divided between départements of Amstelland and Maasland
Governors
 1 May 1814 -  7 May 1828  Arnold Willem Nicolaas van Tets    (b. 1771 - d. 1837)  Con
                             van Goudriaan
23 Aug 1828 - 28 Dec 1839  Jan Maximiliaan baron van Tuyll    (b. 1771 - d. 1843)
                             van Serooskerken van Vleuten 
 1 Jan 1840 -  1 Aug 1850  Daniel Jacob van Ewijck, heer van  (b. 1786 - d. 1855)
                             Oostbroek en de Bilt
King's/Queen's Commissioners
 1 Aug 1850 -  1 Oct 1855  Daniel Jacob van Ewijck, heer van  (s.a.)
                             Oostbroek en de Bilt
 1 Oct 1855 -  1 May 1860  Willem Boreel van Hogelanden       (b. 1800 - d. 1883)  Con-Lib
                             (acting to 1 Oct 1855) 
 1 May 1860 -  1 Oct 1879  Herman Hendrik Röell               (b. 1806 - d. 1883)
                             (from 12 May 1874, Herman Hendrik baron Röell)
15 Dec 1879 -  1 Feb 1897  Johan Willem Meinard Schorer       (b. 1834 - d. 1903)  Lib
 1 Feb 1897 -  1 Aug 1911  Gijsbert van Tienhoven             (b. 1841 - d. 1914)  Lib
16 Sep 1911 - 16 Dec 1914  Wilhelmus Frederik van Leeuwen     (b. 1860 - d. 1930)  Lib
16 Jan 1915 -  1 Aug 1940  Antonie Roëll                      (b. 1864 - d. 1940)  Lib
                             (from 18 Mar 1937, Antonie baron Roëll)
Provincial Commissioners
 1 Aug 1940 - 29 Nov 1940  Antonie baron Roëll                (s.a.)               Lib
29 Nov 1940 - 10 Feb 1941  Vacant  
10 Feb 1941 -  5 May 1945  Albert Johan Backer                (b. 1899 - d. 19..)  NSB
German Plenipotentiaries
 7 Jun 1940 - 1940         Werner Ross
30 Jul 1940 - 1942         Martin Seidel                      (b. 1898 - d. 19..)
 7 Jan 1942 - 31 Oct 1942  Walter Unger
1942 - 1945                Werner Schröder 
                             (acting to 11 Mar 1943)
King's/Queen's Commissioners
 5 May 1945 - 16 Sep 1945  .... (acting)
16 Sep 1945 -  1 May 1954  Jacob Evert baron de Vos van       (b. 1889 - d. 1978)  PvdV/VVD
                             Steenwijk 
 1 Jul 1954 -  1 Feb 1964  Marinus "Max" Jacobus Prinsen      (b. 1899 - d. 1971)  PvdA
 1 Feb 1964 -  1 May 1976  Ferdinand Jan Kranenburg           (b. 1911 - d. 1994)  PvdA
16 Aug 1976 -  1 Apr 1992  Josephus "Roel" de Wit             (b. 1927)            PvdA
 1 May 1992 -  1 Apr 2002  Josephus "Jos" Antonius van        (b. 1937)            PvdA
                             Kemenade 
 1 Jun 2002 -  1 Dec 2009  Henricus "Harry" Cornelius         (b. 1943)            GL
                             Johannes Lodewijk Borghouts
 1 Dec 2009 -  1 Jul 2010  Elisabeth Post (f) (acting)        (b. 1965)            VVD
 1 Jul 2010 -              Johannes "Johan" Wijnandus Remkes  (b. 1951)            VVD

Wieringermeer

1927                       Construction of the Wieringermeerpolder begins.
31 May 1937                Public Body (Openbaar Lichaam) established on land
                             reclaimed from the former Zuiderzee.
 1 Jul 1941                Part of Noord-Holland.

Landdrost
1937 - 30 Jun 1941         Sikke Smeding                      (b. 1889 - d. 1967)

23 Apr 1798                Amstel département formed from Amsterdam and the
                             center of Holland.
19 Sep 1801                Abolished and merged with Delf and part of Texel as
                             the département Holland.

Departementaal Bestuur van de Amstel
20 Dec 1798 - Feb 1799     Jacob Gerard van der Meulen        (b. 1772 - d. 1837)
20 Dec 1798 - Feb 1799     Hendrik Gildemeester               (b. 1759 - d. 1823)
20 Dec 1798 - Feb 1799     Hendrik van Vollenhoven            (b. 1765 - d. 1854)
20 Dec 1798 - Feb 1799     Jacob van Halmael                  (b. 1754 - d. 1829)
20 Dec 1798 - Feb 1799     C. Losbergen
18 Feb 1799 - Feb 1799     Johannes Bernardus Cramer          (b. 1755 - d. 1803)
Commissioners of the Executive Power
22 Feb 1799 -  3 Mar 1800  Jacob Jan Cambier                  (b. 1756 - d. 1831)
Mar 1800 -  4 Jun 1802     Johan Herman de Lange              (b. 1758 - d. 1818) 

 8 May 1807                Amstelland département formed from Amsterdam and northern
                             part of département Holland.
 9 Jul 1810                Merged with Utrecht into French département Zuyderzee.

Landdrost 
1807 -  9 Jul 1810         Jan van Styrum                     (b. 1757 - d. 1829)

23 Apr 1798                Delf département formed from southern parts of Holland.
19 Sep 1801                Merged with Amstel and Texel to form the
                             restored département Holland.

Commissioners of the Executive Power
23 Apr 1798 - 13 Jan 1800  A.J. La Pierre 
13 Jan 1800 -  4 Jun 1802  Carel Hendrik van Grasveld         (b. 1766 - d. 1841)
Departementaal Bestuur
20 Dec 1798 -  4 Jun 1802  Gerrit Carel Coenraad Vatebender   (b. 1758 - d. 1822)
20 Dec 1798 -  4 Jun 1802  Reijer van den Bosch               (b. 1748 - d. 1823)
20 Dec 1798 -  4 Jun 1802  R. van Spaan
20 Dec 1798 - 31 Jul 1801  Willem Hendrik Teding van Berkhout (b. 1745 - d. 1809)
20 Dec 1798 - 27 Jul 1801  Hanso Lemstra van Buma             (b. 1762 - d. 1847)
15 Apr 1799 - 31 Jul 1801  G. van Hasselt
16 Apr 1799 -  4 Jun 1802  J. Kool
28 Jun 1800 -  4 Jun 1802  W.H. Keuchenius
30 Jun 1801 -  4 Jun 1802  Bastiaan Cool                      (b. 1755 - d. 1815)
12 Sep 1801 -  4 Jun 1802  Johannes Justus Montijn            (b. 1769 - d. 1832)

 8 May 1807                Maasland département formed from The Hague and southern
                             parts of département of Holland.
 9 Jul 1810                French département Bouches-de-la-Meuse.
1814                       Abolished.

Landdrost
May 1807 - Nov 1807        Jacob Abraham de Mist              (b. 1749 - d. 1823) 
Prefects
 2 Dec 1807 - 1808         A. van Gennep 
30 Sep 1808 -  1 Nov 1811  Carel Gerard Hultman (1st time)    (b. 1752 - d. 1820)
13 Nov 1811 - 17 Nov 1813  Goswin Joseph Augustin de Stassart (b. 1780 - d. 1854)
Nov 1813 - Apr 1814        Carel Gerard Hultman (2nd time)    (s.a.)

23 Apr 1798                Texel département formed from northern part of Holland
                             and part of Utrecht. 
19 Sep 1801                Divided between the départements Holland and Utrecht.

Commissioners of the Executive Power
23 Apr 1798 - 22 Feb 1799  ....
22 Feb 1799 - 19 Sep 1801  Salomon Bos                       (b. 1749 - d. 1832)
Departementaal Bestuur
20 Dec 1798 -  4 Jun 1802  Willem Schut
20 Dec 1798 -  2 Aug 1799  J. Cramer
20 Dec 1798 -  4 Jun 1802  Arnoldus Coomans
20 Dec 1798 -  4 Jun 1802  Pieter Houttuyn                   (b. 1771 - d. 1847)
20 Dec 1798 -  2 Aug 1799  P. van Lelyveld (1st time)
20 Dec 1798 - 1799         Jan Teding van Berkhout           (b. 1756 - d. 1806)
12 Apr 1799 -  4 Jun 1802  Jacob Zut van de Centgenburg
25 Apr 1799 -  4 Jun 1802  P. Pzn. Roelofs
Jun 1799 -  4 Jun 1802     F. van der Vliet
16 Sep 1799 -  4 Jun 1802  P. van Lelyveld (2nd time)
28 Jun 1800 -  4 Jun 1802  W. Schuit
19 Mar 1801 -  4 Jun 1802  Cornelis Dekker
30 Jun 1801 -  4 Jun 1802  E. Knaven
 2 Jul 1801 -  4 Jun 1802  Riwert Pieters

                  Adopted 19 Feb 1947

1336                       Part of Gelderland.
1347                       Part of Utrecht.
1510                       Part of Gelderland.
1529                       Province of Overijssel
 7 Sep 1543                Part of Gelderland.
23 Jan 1579                Part of Groningen.
1589                       Province of Overijssel. 
 1 Jan 1796                Batavian département Overijssel.
23 Apr 1798                Merged with Drenthe to form département Ouden Ijssel.
19 Sep 1801                Renamed département Overijssel.
 9 Jul 1810                French département Bouches-de-l'Yssel.
1814                       Province of Overijssel (restored).

Stadholders
23 Jan 1579 - 16 Feb 1795  the Stadholders of Gelderland
Commissioners 
16 Feb 1795 - 20 Dec 1798  .... 
Departementaal Bestuur van de Oude IJssel
20 Dec 1798 -  4 Jun 1802  H. Vos
20 Dec 1798 -  4 Jun 1802  Willem Gerritszn. Waanders         (b. 1739 - d. 1829)
20 Dec 1798 -  7 Dec 1801  Joan Arend de  Vos van Steenwijk   (b. 1746 - d. 1813)
                             tot Nijerwal
20 Dec 1798 -  5 Nov 1802  Anthonie Pieter van Westervelt     (b. 1750 - d. 1823)
30 Dec 1798 -  4 Jun 1802  Gijsbert Lucas Geerlig van Fridagh (b. 1756 - d. 1806)
30 Dec 1798 -  1 Aug 1800  Wilhelmus Antonius Ninaber         (b. 1747 - d. 1803)
21 Aug 1800 -  1 Jun 1802  Johannes Conradus van der Plas
                             Bouwmeester
30 Jun 1801 -  4 Jun 1802  N.P. Westervelt
 2 Jul 1801 -  4 Jun 1802  Jan ten Winkel                     (b. 1752 - d. 1827)
Commissioner 
22 Feb 1799 - Jun 1802     Adolph Hendrik Cramer              (b. 1757 - d. 1824)
Departementaal Bestuur van Overijssel
 4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Rudolf Sandberg                    (b. 1731 - d. 1808)
 4 Jun 1802 - May 1807     Wolf Floris van Hemert tot         (b. 1753 - d. 1832)
                             Dingshof
 4 Jun 1802 - 18 Mar 1803  David Thomassen à Thuessink        (b. 1734 - d. 1817)
 4 Jun 1802 - May 1807     Antony Coenraad Willem van         (b. 1760 - d. 1820)
                             Haersolte
 4 Jun 1802 - 180.         E.J. Witzenberg
 4 Jun 1802 -  7 May 1807  Derck Bentinck tot Diepenheim      (b. 1741 - d. 1813)
 4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Joan Bannier                       (s.a.)
 4 Jun 1802 - 29 Sep 1802  Carel de Vos van Steenwijk         (b. 1759 - d. 1830)
 4 Jun 1802 - 30 Nov 1802  Johannes Henricus Petrus van Lier  (b. 1759 - d. 1823)
 4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Gerardus Antonius Stanislaus van   (b. 1770 - d. 1809)
                             Sonsbeeck
 4 Jun 1802 - May 1807     Coenraad Willem Sloet tot          (b. 1767 - d. 1849)
                             Tweenyenhuizen
 4 Jun 1802 - 31 Dec 1802  Adolph Hendrik Cramer              (s.a.)
29 Oct 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Godert Willem de Vos van Steenwijk (b. 1747 - d. 1830)
 4 Jan 1803 -  2 Mar 1803  Wilhelmus Antonius Ninaber         (b. 1747 - d. 1803)
1803 - 180.                Joan Damian van Duren              (b. 1748 - d. 1838)
25 Mar 1803 - 1805         Willem Jan Knoppers
23 May 1804 - May 1807     C. Kock
19 Jul 1805 - May 1807     Johan Willem Anthony Jacob van     (b. 1758 - d. 1826)
                             Lochteren Stakebrant
Landdrost
 8 May 1807 -  1 Jan 1810  Derck Bentinck tot Diepenheim      (s.a.)
 1 Jan 1810 - 13 Dec 1810  Petrus Hofstede                    (b. 1755 - d. 1839)
Prefects of Bouches-de-l'Yssel
13 Dec 1810 - 12 Mar 1813  Petrus Hofstede                    (s.a.)
12 Mar 1813 - 1814         Carel Gerard Hultman               (b. 1752 - d. 1820)
Governors
11 May 1814 - 24 Sep 1830  Berend Hendrik baron Bentinck      (b. 1753 - d. 1830)  Org
                             van Buckhorst 
1830                       Jan ter Pelkwijk (acting)          (b. 1769 - d. 1834)
26 Jan 1831 - 12 Oct 1840  Jacob Hendrik graaf van Rechteren  (b. 1787 - d. 1845)  Lib
                             tot Appeltern 
15 Oct 1840 - 25 Sep 1847  Joan Derk graaf van Rechteren tot  (b. 1799 - d. 1886)
                             Ahnem 
 1 Nov 1847 - 10 Jul 1850  George Isaäc Bruce                 (b. 1803 - d. 1850)  Mod
King's/Queen's Commissioners
10 Jul 1850 - 24 Oct 1850  George Isaäc Bruce                 (s.a.)               Mod
 1 Nov 1850 - 30 Jun 1864  Jonkheer Cornelis Backer           (b. 1798 - d. 1864)  Con
 1 Aug 1864 -  1 Aug 1868  Eugène Jean Alexandre graaf van    (b. 1807 - d. 1876)  Lib
                             Bylandt 
30 Jan 1869 -  8 Jul 1878  Petrus Cornelis baron van Nahuys   (b. 1803 - d. 1882)  Lib
27 Apr 1878 -  1 Jan 1893  Johan Herman Geertsema Carelszoon  (b. 1816 - d. 1908)  Lib
 1 Jan 1893 -  1 Jul 1893  Johan Aemelius Abraham van Panhuys (b. 1836 - d. 1907)
 1 Jul 1893 -  1 Aug 1909  Petrus Lycklama à Nyeholt          (b. 1842 - d. 1913)
16 Oct 1909 -  1 Jun 1925  Adolf Frederik Lodewijk graaf van  (b. 1865 - d. 1935)  Ind
                             Rechteren Limpurg Almelo 
 1 Jun 1925 -  1 Aug 1940  Alexander Eppo baron van Voorst    (b. 1880 - d. 1965)  RKSP
                             tot Voorst (1st time) 
Provincial Commissioners
 1 Aug 1940 -  9 Aug 1941  Alexander Eppo baron van Voorst    (s.a.)               RKSP
                             tot Voorst
 9 Aug 1941 - 26 Feb 1943  Jonkheer Egon Lodewijk Maria       (b. 1899 - d. 1943)  NSB
                             Theresia Joseph von Bönninghausen 
1943                       Klaas Atema (acting)               (b. 1878 - d. 1969) 
11 Aug 1943 -  5 May 1945  Wilhelmus de Rijke                 (b. 1896 - d. 1971)  NSB
German Plenipotentiaries
1940                       Kurt Hartong 
31 Jul 1940 - 1943         Werner Schröder
11 Mar 1943 - 1945         Karl Weidlich
King's/Queen's Commissioners
May 1945 -  6 May 1946     Alexander Eppo baron van Voorst    (s.a.)             RKSP;1945 KVP
                             tot Voorst (2nd time) 
 6 May 1946 -  1 Feb 1964  Johannes Baptista Gerardus Maria   (b. 1899 - d. 1990)  KVP
                             ridder de van der Schueren 
16 Feb 1964 -  1 May 1972  Otto Frans Antoine Hubert van      (b. 1907 - d. 1992)  KVP
                             Nispen tot Pannerden
15 May 1972 -  1 Jul 1988  Johannes "Jan" Leonardus Maria     (b. 1925 - d. 2005) KVP;1980 CDA
                             Niers
 1 Jul 1988 -  1 Jun 2002  Jan A.M. Hendrikx                  (b. 1941)            CDA
 1 Jun 2002 -  1 Jan 2011  Geert Jan Jansen                   (b. 1946)            CDA
 1 Jan 2011 -              Ank Bijleveld (f)                  (b. 1962)            CDA

                Adopted 15 Jan 1951

696                        Bishopric of Utrecht.
1024                       Bishops become Princes of the Holy Roman Empire.
 7 Jan 1528                Part of Holland.
26 Jul 1581                Province of Utrecht.
16 May 1795 -  1 Jan 1796  United with Zuid-Holland to form département Zuiderzee.
 1 Jan 1796                Batavian département Utrecht.
23 Apr 1798                Divided between départements of Texel and Rijn.
19 Sep 1801                Restoration of département Utrecht.
 9 Jul 1810                Merged with Amstelland as French département Zuyderzee
                             (see Zuid-Holland).
1814                       Province of Utrecht (restored).

Stadholders 
1590 - 16 Feb 1795         the Stadholders of Holland
Commissioners
16 Feb 1795 - 17 Oct 1796  ....
Provinciaal Bestuur van Utrecht  
17 Oct 1796 - 23 Feb 1798  Frans van Vliet
17 Oct 1796 - 27 Sep 1797  J. Jansen
17 Oct 1796 - 23 Feb 1798  Pieter Hieronymus van Westrenen    (b. 1768 - d. 1845)
                             van Themaat
17 Oct 1796 - 23 Feb 1798  Paulus Marinus Bijleveld
17 Oct 1796 - 23 Feb 1798  Henricus Wilhelmus Bosch           (b. 1768 - d. 1800)
17 Oct 1796 - 23 Feb 1798  Jacobus van Pembroek               (b. 1754 - d. 1809)
17 Oct 1796 - 23 Feb 1798  Theodorus van der Vliet
17 Oct 1796 - 23 Feb 1798  Jacob de Joncheere                 (b. 1758 - d. 1840)
17 Oct 1796 - 23 Feb 1798  Pieter Linthorst                   (b. 1757 - d. 1807)
17 Oct 1796 - 23 Feb 1798  Jan Diederik Marchant              (b. 1766 - d. ....)
17 Oct 1796 - 27 Sep 1797  B. Broere
17 Oct 1796 - 23 Feb 1798  T. Steenbeek
17 Oct 1796 - 16 Feb 1798  Wennemar Hendrik Droghoorn
17 Oct 1796 - 29 Sep 1797  Gerrit van Bosvelt                 (b. 1756 - d. 1819)
Nov 1796 - 23 Feb 1798     Steven Camp                        (b. 1753 - d. 1817)
Intermediair Administratief Bestuur van Utrecht  
179. - Dec 1798            F. Steenbergen
23 Feb 1798 - 30 Mar 1799  P. Brouwer
23 Feb 1798 - 30 Mar 1799  Paulus Marinus Bijleveld
23 Feb 1798 - 30 Mar 1799  Gerrit Nieuwenhuis
23 Feb 1798 - 30 Mar 1799  Jan Hendrik Valkenburg
23 Feb 1798 - 30 Mar 1799  Hendrik van der Burgh
23 Feb 1798 - 30 Mar 1799  Jacob de Joncheere
23 Feb 1798 - 31 Jul 1798  Pieter Linthorst
23 Feb 1798 - 30 Mar 1799  Gerard van der Zoo
23 Feb 1798 - 30 Mar 1799  T. Steenbeek
 1 Aug 1798 - 30 Mar 1799  Steven Camp                        (s.a.)
Departementaal Bestuur van de Rijn
20 Dec 1798 -  6 Mar 1799  Jan JDzn van Leeuwen (1st time)    (b. 1770 - d. 1837)
20 Dec 1798 -  4 Jun 1802  Adriaan Coetzee
20 Dec 1798 -  4 Jun 1802  Steven Camp                        (s.a.)
20 Dec 1798 - 25 Jul 1801  Johan Lulofs                       (b. 1751 - d. 1804)
20 Dec 1798 -  4 Jun 1802  Jacobus Adriaansz. van Manen       (b. 1752 - d. 1822)
21 Jan 1799 -  4 Jun 1802  Steven van Bronkhorst              (b. 1763 - d. 1826)
 2 Jul 1801 -  4 Jun 1802  Jan JDzn van Leeuwen (2nd time)    (s.a.)
 2 Jul 1801 -  4 Jun 1802  D. van Sonsveld de Roller
Departementaal Bestuur van Utrecht
 4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Jan Anthony Taets van Amerongen    (b. 1769 - d. 1828)
 4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1802  Paulus Marinus Bijleveld
 4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Cornelis Johannes Vos              (b. 1768 - d. 1819)
 4 Jun 1802 - May 1807     A.C. de Normandie van Schalkwijk
 4 Jun 1802 -  1 aug 1805  Philips Ram                        (b. 1753 - d. 1817)
 4 Jun 1802 - May 1807     Steven Camp                        (s.a.)
 4 Jun 1802 -  9 Jun 1805  Hendrik Jacob van Hengst           (b. 1742 - d. 1817)
 4 Jun 1802 - May 1807     Jan Hendrik van Lynden             (b. 1765 - d. 1854)
 4 Jun 1802 - Jul 1806     W. Craeijvanger                    (b. 17.. - d. 1806)
23 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  IJsbrand de Kock                   (b. 1745 - d. 1811)
29 Apr 1803 - 180.         J.A. Engelbart den Ouden
19 Jul 1805 - May 1807     Hendrik Aernout Laan               (b. 1735 - d. 1809)
26 Jul 1805 - May 1807     Willem van Dam van Isselt          (b. 1757 - d. 1832)
29 Sep 1805 - May 1807     Cornelis Johannes Vos              (b. 1768 - d. 1819)
Landdrost
1806 - 1811                Jan Hendrik van Lynden             (b. 1765 - d. 1854)
Sous-préfet d'Utrecht
19 May 1811 -  9 Sep 1811  Jean Maximilien de Tuyll de
                              Serooskerken
Governors
 1 May 1814 - Aug 1828     Jan Maximiliaan baron van Tuyll    (b. 1771 - d. 1843)
                             van Serooskerken van Vleuten 
21 Aug 1828 - 22 Oct 1830  Florent Joseph ridder van Ertborn  (b. 1784 - d. 1850)  Org
22 Oct 1831 -  5 Jan 1840  Lodewijk van Toulon                (b. 1767 - d. 1840)  Org
15 Sep 1840 -  1 Aug 1850  Frederik van de Poll               (b. 1780 - d. 1853)  Org
King's/Queen's Commissioners
 1 Aug 1850 - 22 Aug 1850  Frederik van de Poll               (s.a.)
 1 Sep 1850 - 31 Mar 1858  Schelto baron van Heemstra         (b. 1807 - d. 1864)  Mod-Lib
 1 Jun 1858 -  1 May 1860  Herman Hendrik Röell               (b. 1806 - d. 1883)
 1 May 1860 - 22 Mar 1880  Elisa Cornelis Unico van Doorn     (b. 1799 - d. 1882)  Con
                             (acting to 1 May 1860)
 1 May 1880 -  1 Jan 1882  Jan Arend Godert baron de Vos van  (b. 1818 - d. 1905)  Mod-Lib
                             Steenwijk 
 1 Jan 1882 -  1 Oct 1888  Eduard Herman s'Jacob              (b. 1827 - d. 1912)  Con
 1 Oct 1888 -  1 Aug 1905  Alexander baron Schimmelpenninck   (b. 1839 - d. 1918) CHP;1903 CHU
                             van der Oije van de Poll en 
                             Nijenbeek
 1 Aug 1905 -  1 Aug 1914  Francis David graaf                (b. 1854 - d. 1924)  ARP
                             Schimmelpenninck 
 1 Aug 1914 -  1 Apr 1924  Frederik Alexander Carel graaf     (b. 1873 - d. 1932)  ARP
                             van Lynden van Sandenburg
 1 May 1924 -  1 Mar 1934  Herman Theodoor s'Jacob            (b. 1869 - d. 1950)  CHU
 1 Jun 1934 -  1 Aug 1940  Lodewijk Hendrik Nicolaas Bosch    (b. 1884 - d. 1953)  CHU
                             ridder van Rosenthal (1st time)
Provincial Commissioners
 1 Aug 1940 -  5 Feb 1941  Lodewijk Hendrik Nicolaas Bosch    (s.a.)               CHU
                             ridder van Rosenthal 
 5 Feb 1941 - 10 Oct 1941  Frederik Ernst Müller              (b. 1889 - d. 1960)  NSB
10 Oct 1941 -  5 May 1945  Willem Bernard Engelbrecht         (b. 1881 - d. 1955)  NSB
German Plenipotentiaries
1940 - 1945                ....
King's/Queen's Commissioners
 6 May 1945 -  1 Nov 1946  Lodewijk Hendrik Nicolaas Bosch    (s.a.)               CHU
                             ridder van Rosenthal (2nd time)
11 May 1945 - Jul 1946     Bernardus Johannes Josephus Wijkamp(b. 1879 - d. 1951)SDAP:1946 PvdA
                             (acting for Bosch)
20 Mar 1947 -  1 Jul 1954  Marius Antoon Reinalda             (b. 1888 - d. 1965)  PvdA
 1 Jul 1954 -  1 Mar 1970  Constant Theodore Emo graaf van    (b. 1905 - d. 1990)  ARP
                             Lynden van Sandenburg 
16 Mar 1970 -  1 Mar 1980  Pieter Jacobus Verdam              (b. 1915 - d. 1998)  ARP
 1 Mar 1980 -  1 Oct 1985  Pieter van Dijke                   (b. 1920 - d. 2003) ARP;1980 CDA
16 Oct 1985 -  1 Jan 1998  Pieter Adriaan Cornelis Beelaerts  (b. 1932)            CDA
                             van Blokland 
 1 Jan 1998 -  7 Jun 2007  Boele Staal                        (b. 1947)            D66
 7 Jun 2007 -              Roel Robbertsen                    (b. 1948)            CDA

               Adopted 14 Jan 1949

Stadholders 
1590 - 16 Feb 1795         the Stadholders of Holland
Pensionaries of the Council (Raadpensionaris, usually translated 
Grand Pensionaries)
 3 Jul 1578 - 18 May 1597  Christoffel Paulszoon Roëls        (b. 1540 - d. 1597)
1587 - 1588                Sir Philip Sydney -English governor
                             (at Flushing)
1588 - 1616                Sir Robert Sidney -English governor(b. 1563 - d. 1626)
                             (at Flushing)
25 Mar 1599 - 11 Jan 1615  Johan van de Warck
18 Feb 1615 - Jun 1625     Bonifacius Janszoon de Jonge
                             heer van Oosterland
28 Oct 1625 -  1 Nov 1629  Johan Jacobszoon Boreel
19 Feb 1630 - 19 Apr 1641  Boudewijn de Witte
19 Apr 1641 - 28 May 1649  Cornelis van Stavenisse
                             (contemporary spelling Staefvenisse)
16 Aug 1649 -  7 Nov 1658  Johan de Brune "de Oude"
29 Nov 1658 - 25 Nov 1663  Adriaan Vetth
19 Mar 1664 -  7 Nov 1687  Pieter de Huijbert heer van
                             Burch en Kraaijestein
10 Oct 1687 - 16 Aug 1718  Jacob Verheije                     (b. 1640 - d. 1718)
28 Nov 1718 - 28 Sep 1734  Caspar van Citters                 (b. 1673 - d. 1734)
 2 Nov 1734 - 23 Mar 1750  Dignus Dignuszoon Keetlaer         (b. 1764 - d. 1750)
31 May 1751 - 31 Jan 1756  Johan Pieter Recxstoot             (b. 1701 - d. 1756)
 3 Jan 1757 -  1 Jun 1760  Jacob du Bon                       (b. 1695 - d. 1760)
15 Dec 1760 - 26 May 1766  Wilhem van Citters 
26 May 1766 -  6 May 1770  Adriaan Nicolaaszoon Steengracht,  (b. 1733? - d. 1770)
                             heer van Grijpskerke en Poppendamme
13 Aug 1770 - 12 May 1785  Johan Marinus Johnszoon Chalmers   (b. 1720 - d. 1796)
22 Sep 1785 -  3 Dec 1787  Laurens Pieter Laurenszoon van de  (b. 1736 - d. 1800)
                             Spiegel (also raadpensionaris
                             of Holland and Westfriesland)
25 Apr 1788 - 17 Feb 1795  Willem Aarnout van Citters         (b. 1741 - d. 1811)
Commissioners
17 Feb 1795 - 20 Dec 1798  ....
Intermediair Administratief Bestuur van Zeeland
Jun 1798 - 1798            Marinus Tak                        (b. 1743 - d. 1815)
20 Jun 1798 -  3 Feb 1798  Jean Henry Appelius                (b. 1767 - d. 1828)
20 Jun 1798 - 1798         A. van Zolingen
Departementaal Bestuur van de Schelde en Maas
20 Dec 1798 -  4 Jun 1802  Johannes Vergroesen                (b. 1767 - d. 1836)
20 Dec 1798 -  4 Jun 1802  Pieter Vermaat
Mar 1799 - 1801            Coenraad Casparsz. Visser          (b. 1755 - d. 1808)
11 Apr 1799 -  4 Jun 1802  Pieter Beelaerts                   (b. 1772 - d. 1847)
27 Jun 1799 -  4 Jun 1802  J.C. van Stapele  
26 Jun 1800 -  4 Jun 1802  Bartholomeus van der Kreke         (b. 1750 - d. 1814)
30 Jun 1801 -  4 Jun 1802  Gijsbertus Bernardus Buysen        (b. 1747 - d. 1812)
 2 Jul 1801 -  4 Jun 1802  Anthony van Weel                   (b. 1746 - d. 1813)
Departementaal Bestuur van Zeeland
 4 Jun 1802 - May 1807     Zacharias Paspoort                 (b. 1759 - d. 1824)  
 4 Jun 1802 - Oct 1806     Abraham van Doorn                  (b. 1760 - d. 1814)
 4 Jun 1802 - Jul 1805     Martinus Johannes Veth van de      (b. c.1746 - d. 18..)
                             Perre
 4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Petrus Gulielmus Schorer           (b. 1750 - d. 1817) 
 4 Jun 1802 - May 1807     Johan Willem Schorer               (b. 1759 - d. 1812) 
 4 Jun 1802 - Jul 1805     Jan Bijleveld                      (b. 1736 - d. 1807)
 4 Jun 1802 - Jul 1805     Willem Anthonie de Haze Bomme      (b. 1765 - d. 1865)
15 Jun 1802 - Jun 1805     Paulus Ball                        (b. 1765 - d. 1805)
15 Jun 1802 - Jul 1805     J.C. van  Stapele  
19 Jul 1805 - May 1807     Samuel Schuurbeque Boeye
19 Jul 1805 - May 1807     François Ermerins                  (b. 1753 - d. 1840)
Commissioners
22 Feb 1799 - 15 Jul 1801  Abraham van Linden van den Heuvell (b. 1756 - d. 1832)
15 Jul 1801 - Nov 1801     Leonard Constantijn van Sonsbeek   (b. 1739 - d. 1812)
Nov 1801 -  8 May 1807     ....
Landdrost 
 8 May 1807 - 1809         Abraham van Doorn                  (s.a.)
 8 Sep 1809 - 16 Mar 1810  François Ermerins                  (s.a.)
Prefects of Bouches-de-l'Escaut
19 May 1810 - Jan 1811     Patrice Charles Ghislain de        (b. 1770 - d. 1827)
                             Coninck 
10 Jan 1811 - 1814         Pierre Joseph baron Pycke          (b. 1771 - d. 1820)
Commissioner-general of Bouches-de-l'Escaut/Monden van de Schelde
Dec 1813 - Apr 1814        François Clement de Jonge          (b. 1766 - d. 1834)
Governors
11 Apr 1814 - 18 Sep 1817  Jacob Hendrik Schorer              (b. 1760 - d. 1822)
                            (commissioner-general to 11 May 1814)
19 Mar 1818 -  1 Aug 1826  Henri Jacob baron van Doorn        (b. 1786 - d. 1853)  Con
                             van Westcapelle (acting to 1818)
 1 Aug 1826 -  1 Aug 1850  Ewoud van Vredenburch              (b. 1779 - d. 1861)
                            (from 22 August 1847, Ewout baron van Vredenburch)
King's/Queen's Commissioners
 1 Aug 1850 -  1 Dec 1852  Ewoud baron van Vredenburch        (s.a.)
 1 Dec 1852 - 18 Mar 1858  Jacob George Hieronymus van        (b. 1812 - d. 1885)  Lib
                             Tets van Goudriaan
29 May 1858 -  2 Mar 1860  Schelto baron van Heemstra         (b. 1807 - d. 1864)  Con-Lib
15 May 1860 - 19 Apr 1876  Rudolph Willem baron van Lynden    (b. 1808 - d. 1876)
                            (from 12 May 1874, Rudolph Willem graaf van Lynden)
 9 May 1876 - 20 Aug 1879  Willem Six                         (b. 1829 - d. 1908)  Lib
15 Sep 1879 - 16 Jun 1884  Jonkheer Abraham Pieter Cornelis   (b. 1836 - d. 1925)  Ofl
                             van Karnebeek 
16 Jun 1884 - 29 Jun 1897  Jonkheer Willem Maurits de Brauw   (b. 1838 - d. 1898)  ARP
 1 Jul 1897 -  1 May 1906  Albert Johan Roest                 (b. 1837 - d. 1920)  Lib
 1 May 1906 -  1 May 1921  Herman Jacob Dijckmeester          (b. 1847 - d. 1942)  Lib
 1 May 1921 -  1 Aug 1940  Jonkheer Johan Willem Quarles van  (b. 1882 - d. 1951)  CHU
                             Ufford (1st time)
Provincial Commissioners
 1 Aug 1940 - Sep 1940     Jonkheer Johan Willem Quarles van  (s.a.)               CHU
                             Ufford 
Sep 1940 - Nov 1944        Petrus Dieleman                    (b. 1873 - d. 1961)  ARP/NSB
German Plenipotentiaries
1940                       F. Linde
1940 - 1944                Wilhelm Münzner
King's/Queen's Commissioners
 6 Nov 1944 - 16 Nov 1944  Auguste "Guus" François Charles    (b. 1906 - d. 1965)  CHU
                             de Casembroot (1st time)(acting) 
16 Nov 1944 -  1 Feb 1948  Jonkheer Johan Willem Quarles van  (s.a.)               CHU
                             Ufford (2nd time)
 1 Feb 1948 - 10 Feb 1965  Auguste "Guus" François Charles    (s.a.)               CHU
                             de Casembroot (2nd time) 
 1 Jun 1965 -  1 Oct 1974  Johannes "Jan" van Aartsen         (b. 1909 - d. 1992)  ARP
16 Jan 1975 -  1 Aug 1992  Cornelis "Kees" Boertien           (b. 1927 - d. 2002) ARP;1980 CDA
16 Sep 1992 -  1 Feb 2007  Willem "Wim" Teunis van Gelder     (b. 1942)            CDA
 1 Mar 2007 -              Karla Maria Henriëtte Peijs (f)    (b. 1944)            CDA

English Occupation of and Den Brill

1585 - 1616                Staten Generaal gives the cities of Vlissingen (Flushing),
                             Fort of Rammekens and Den Briel (Den Brill) to England
                             for 30 years as a "security towns" for the monies
                             lent to the Dutch during the war with Spain.

Governors in Den Brill
12 Oct 1585 - 1588         Sir Thomas Cecil                   (b. 1542 - d. 1623)
1588 - 1597                Thomas Burgh, Baron Burgh          (b. 1558 - d. 1597)
1597 - 28 Aug 1609         Sir Francis Vere                   (b. 1560 - d. 1609)
1609 - 1616                Sir Horace Vere, Baron Vere        (b. 1565 - d. 1635)
                             of Tilbury 
Lieutenant governor
1597 - 1616                Sir Edward Conway                  (b. 1564 – d. 1631)  

Governors in Flushing and Ft. Rammekens
 9 Nov 1585 - 17 Oct 1586  Sir Philip Sidney                  (b. 1554 - d. 1586)
Nov 1586 - 1587            Sir Thomas Morgan                  (b. 1540 - d. 1595)
1587 - end 1589            Sir William Russell                (b. 1557 - d. 1623)
1589 - May 1590            Sir William Borlase (acting)       (b. c.1564 - d. 1629)  
May 1590 - 1616            Sir Robert Sidney                  (b. 1563 - d. 1626)
Lieutenant governors
1594 - 1611                Sir William Browne
1611 - 1616                Sir John Throckmorton

Flanders of the States (Staats-Vlaanderen)

 6 Nov 1583                Dutch occupy the town of Terneuzen, which becomes their first major
                             permanent possession in the northern zone of the county of
                             Flanders contested between Spain and the Republic. Other conquests
                             follow in the course of the following years.
13 Aug 1588                Administration of the conquered areas is entrusted to the Province
                             of Zeeland.
 6 Nov 1699                The conquered areas are placed under a separate administration, the
                             Council of Flanders (Flanders of the States/Staats-Vlaanderen)
                             administered by the Staten-Generaal as a Generality Land.
 4 Nov 1645                Town of Hulst is the last Dutch conquest.
30 Jan 1648                By Treaty of Münster, Spain recognizes the Dutch conquests.
20 Sep 1664                Frontier fixed between the Spanish held County of Flanders and
                             the Dutch Flanders of the States/Staats-Vlaanderen.
26 Aug 1794                Beginning of French conquest of Staats-Vlaanderen.
23 Oct 1794                Staats-Vlaanderen is completely occupied by the French.
1794/95                    Staats-Vlaanderen organized as the arrondissement Sas-de-Gand
                             (Dutch: Sas-van-Gent).
16 May 1795                Staats-Vlaanderen is ceded to France by the Batavian Republic.
13 Feb 1796                Annexed to France as part of the département l'Escaut (Schelde).
                             (see under Belgium);. Its territory is divided into 5 cantons:
                             Axel, Hulst, Ijzendijke, Oostburg and Sluis.
22 Mar 1800                The 5 cantons are re-grouped into the Sub-prefecture of
                             Sas-de-Gand (Dutch: Sas-van-Gent) within département l'Escaut.
24 Sep 1803                Re-named Sub-prefecture Eeclo (Dutch: Eeklo) within département
                             l'Escaut (Schelde).
Jan 1814                   Beginning of the liberation of Staats-Vlaanderen by the Dutch.
 6 Feb 1814                Commissioner-general of Bouches-de-l'Escaut (Dutch: Monden van
                             de Schelde) is entrusted with organization of liberated areas.
29 Mar 1814                Staats-Vlaanderen is formally included in province of Brabant (not
                             implemented).
 7 May 1814                All of Staats-Vlaandren is liberated.
20 Jul 1814                Incorporated into the province of Zeeland.

Presidents of Council of Flanders
(subordinated to the Staten-Generaal)
 8 Jul 1598 - 1602         Cornelis Taymont                   (d. c.1602)
 2 Feb 1602 - 1605         Anthonie Taymont                   (d. c.1605)
Dec 1605 - 14 Mar 1634     Johan Huyssen                      (b. 1566 - d. 1634)
 9 May 1645 - 1670         Willem Roels                       (b. 1595 - d. 1670)
19 Dec 1676 -  7 Feb 1696  Bartholomeus Cau                   (b. 1641 - d. 1696)
 9 Feb 1696 - 27 Sep 1709  Pieter van der Merct               (d. 1709)
 1 Oct 1709 - 14 Jun 1713  Cornelis van den Helm Boddaert     (b. 1661 - d. 1713)
17 Jun 1713 - 1720         Willem Winkelman                   (d. c.1720)
31 Jan 1720 - Aug 1750     Cornelis van den Brande van        (b. c.1673 - d. 1750)
                             Cleverskerke
 8 Sep 1750 - 15 Aug 1761  Herman de Keijser                  (b. 1675 - d. 1761)
18 Aug 1761 - 24 Dec 1765  Pieter de Kokelaar                 (b. c.1690 - d. 1765)
31 Dec 1765 - 1795         Willem Schorer                     (b. 1717 - d. 1800)
Sub-Prefects of Sas-de-Gand/Sas-van-Gent
11 Jun 1800 - Sep 1800     ... Aubert
15 Sep 1800 - Nov 1802     ... Robert
26 Nov 1802 - 20 Dec 1802  François Pierre Eversdyck          (b. 1735 - d. 1802)
14 Jan 1803 - 24 Sep 1803  André Etienne Bazenefrye           (b. 1768 - d. 18..)
Sub-Prefect of Eeclo/Eeklo
24 sep 1803 - 1814         André Etienne Bazenefrye           (s.a.)
Commissioner-general of Bouches-de-l'Escaut/Monden van de Schelde
Dec 1813 - Apr 1814        François Clement de Jonge          (b. 1766 - d. 1834)

16 May 1795                United with Utrecht to form département Zuiderzee.
 9 Jul 1810                Annexed to France as département Zuyderzee ([South Holland]
                             Amstelland and Utrecht).
1814                       Re-incorporated into province of Holland.
1840                       Province of Zuid-Holland.

Commissioners 
1795 - 25 Dec 1810         ....
Prefects
25 Dec 1810 - 11 Feb 1811  Jean van Styrum (interim)
11 Feb 1811 - 1814         Antoine Philippe Ghislain Vischer  (b. 1779 - d. 1841)
                             de Celles
Governors
 6 Apr 1814 -  4 Dec 1817  Frederik A. van Leijden van        (b. 1768 - d. 1821)
                             Westbarendrecht
12 Dec 1817 -  1 Mar 1844  Frans-Adam graaf van der Duyn      (b. 1771 - d. 1848)  Mod-Lib
                             van Maasdam
 1 Mar 1844 - 31 Dec 1847  Johan Adriaan ridder van der Heim  (b. 1791 - d. 1870)  Con
                             van Duyvendijke (1st time) 
 1 Jan 1848 - Jun 1848     L.R. Gevaerts (acting)
 3 Jun 1848 -  1 Aug 1850  Eugène Jean Alexandre graaf van    (b. 1807 - d. 1876)  Lib
                             Bylandt 
King's/Queen's Commissioners
 1 Aug 1850 -  1 Jun 1853  Eugène Jean Alexandre graaf van    (s.a.)               Lib
                             Bylandt 
 1 Jun 1853 -  1 Mar 1862  Johan Adriaan ridder van der Heim  (s.a.)               Con
                             van Duyvendijke (2nd time) 
 1 Mar 1862 -  1 Nov 1871  James Loudon                       (b. 1824 - d. 1900)  Lib
                             (acting to 1 Mar 1862)
 1 Dec 1871 -  1 Mar 1900  Cornelis Fock                      (b. 1828 - d. 1910)  Lib
 1 Mar 1900 - 27 Mar 1911  Jacob Gerard Patijn                (b. 1836 - d. 1911)  Lib
 1 May 1911 -  3 Jan 1928  Emile Claude baron Sweerts de      (b. 1852 - d. 1928)  ARP
                             Landas Wyborgh
                             (acting to 1 May 1911)
 1 Mar 1928 -  1 Aug 1940  Jonkheer Herman Adriaan van        (b. 1874 - d. 1942)  Lib
                             Karnebeek
Provincial Commissioners
 1 Aug 1940 - 29 Mar 1942  Jonkheer Herman Adriaan van        (s.a.)               Lib
                             Karnebeek
30 Mar 1942 - 27 Jan 1943  E.J.M.H. Bolsius (1st time)(acting)
28 Jan 1943 - Aug 1943     Robert van Genechten               (b. 1895 - d. 1945)  NSB
Aug 1943 -  4 May 1945     E.J.M.H. Bolsius (2nd time)(acting)
German Plenipotentiary
Jun 1940 - 1945            Ernst Schwebel                     (b. 1886 - d. 1955) 
King's/Queen's Commissioners
May 1945 - 15 Sep 1945     Abraham "Bram" Arnold Lodewijk     (b. 1884 - d. 1966)  ARP
                             Rutgers (acting) 
16 Sep 1945 - 15 Oct 1955  Lodewijk Albert Kesper             (b. 1892 - d. 1963) VDB;1948 VVD
16 Jan 1956 -  1 Mar 1972  Jan Klaasesz                       (b. 1907 - d. 1997)  PvdA
 1 Apr 1972 -  1 Jun 1984  Maarten Vrolijk                    (b. 1919 - d. 1994)  PvdA
16 Jun 1984 -  1 Jun 1994  Schelto Patijn                     (b. 1936 - d. 2007)  PvdA
 1 Sep 1994 - 16 Oct 1999  Joan Marika Leemhuis-Stout (f)     (b. 1946)            VVD
16 Oct 1999 -  3 May 2000  David Luteijn (acting)             (b. 1943)            VVD
 3 May 2000 -              Jan Franssen                       (b. 1951)            VVD