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Denmark
 
[Denmark flag]
          Adopted 15 Jun 1219,
       Officially from  1 May 1893
 
Map of Denmark
Hear National Anthem
"Der er et yndigt land"
(There Is A Lovely Land) 
Text of National Anthem
Adopted 1844
Constitution
  (5 Jun 1849/1953)
Map of Denmark in 1864
Hear Royal Anthem
"Kong Christian "
(King Christian)
Text of Royal Anthem
Adopted 1780
Succession to the Throne Act
(27 Mar 1953)
Capital: Copenhagen
(Roskilde to 1443)
Currency: Danish Krone
(DKK) 
National Holiday: 5 Jun (1849)
Constitution Day
Population: 5,484,723 (2008)
GDP: $204.9 billion (2008) 
Exports: $119.5 billion (2008)
Imports: $120.7 billion (2008) 
Ethnic groups: Danish 91.9%, Turkish 0.6%,  German 0.5%,
Iraqi 0.4%, Swedish 0.4%, Norwegian 0.3%,
Bosniak 0.3%, other 5.6% (2006)
Total Armed Forces: 21,180 (2006)
Merchant marine: 327 ships (2008)
Religions: Evangelical Lutheran 83%, other
Christian 1.3%,
Muslim 3.7%, nonreligious 5.4%
atheist 1.5%, other 5.1% (2006)
International Organizations/Treaties: AC, ADB (nonregional), AfDB (nonregional), AG, ANT, APM, BIS, BTWC, CBSS, CE, CERN, CFE,  CTBT, EAPC, EBRD, EIB, ENMOD, ESA, EU, FAO, G- 9, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, ICSID, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, IRENA, ISA, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, KP, MIGA, MTCR, NATO, NC, NEA, NIB, NPT, NSG, NTBT, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, UN, UNCLOS, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFCC, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNRWA, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC
Denmark Index
Chronology
899                        Kingdom of Denmark (Jutland, the Islands
                             and Skåne/Scania [now in southern Sweden]).
977 - 995                  Danish rule over Norway.
1000 - 1016                Danish rule over Norway.
1000 - 1016                Danish rule over Norway .
Apr 1016 -  8 Jun 1042     Denmark in personal union with England.
1030 - 1035                Danish rule over Norway.
12 Sep 1380                Norway in (nominally personal) union with Denmark.
11 Jul 1396 -  6 Jun 1523  Union of Kalmar: Denmark, Norway, and Sweden in 
                             personal union (United Kingdoms of Denmark, 
                             Norway and Sweden).
 8 Nov 1657 - 26 Feb 1658  Swedish occupation of Jutland.
26 Feb 1658                Skåne, Blekinge, and Halland ceded to Sweden
                             by Denmark according to Treaty of Roskilde.
24 Jan 1814                End of (nominally personal) union with Norway 
                            (ceded to Sweden).
Sep 1864 - Oct 1864        Prussian occupation of Jutland.
30 Oct 1864                Duchy of Schleswig ceded to Austria (from 23 Aug
                             1866 to Prussia), Duchy of Holstein to Prussia;
                             Duchy of Lauenburg sold to Prussia.
 1 Dec 1918 - 17 Jun 1944  Kingdom of Iceland in personal union with Denmark.
15 Jun 1920                Northern Schleswig re-incorporated into Denmark
                             following the plebiscite of 10 Feb 1920.
 9 Apr 1940 -  5 May 1945  German occupation (German protectorate).
29 Aug 1943                Germans take over direct civil administration.
 5 May 1945 - 1946         Allied occupation (Bornholm occupied by Soviets to
                             5 Apr 1946).
Regions
Counties
(1970-2006)

Counties
(1793-1970)

Greenland
Faroe Islands
German
Occupation

(1940-1945)
Aanholt
(1809-1814)
Bornholm
(1645,1658,
1940-1946)
The Resistance
(1945)
Jutland
(1864)
Historical Maps
of Denmark
 

Kings¹
899 - 936                  Gorm ("the Old")                   (b. c.855 - d. 936)
936 - 940                  Knud I                             (b. c.890 - d. 940)
940 -  1 Nov 986           Harald I ("Bluetooth")             (b. c.910 - d. 986)
 1 Nov 986 - 992           Svend I (1st time)("Forkbeard")    (b. c.965 - d. 1014)
992 - 995                  Erik Björnsson Segersäll           (b. c.930 - d. 995)
995 -  2 Feb 1014          Svend I (2nd time)                 (s.a.)
 3 Feb 1014 - 1018         Harald II                          (b. c.989 - d. 1019)
1018 - 12 Nov 1035         Knud II (Canute II "the Great")    (b. 995 - d. 1035)
12 Nov 1035 -  8 Jun 1042  Hardeknud (Cnute III "the Hardy")  (b. 1018 - d. 1042)
 8 Jun 1042 - 25 Oct 1047  Magnus I ("the Good")              (b. c.1024 - d. 1047)
1042 - 25 Oct 1047         Svend Estridsen -Regent(in Jutland)(b. c.1019 - d. 1076)
25 Oct 1047 - 29 Apr 1076  Svend II                           (s.a.)
29 Apr 1076 - 17 Apr 1080  Harald III                         (b. c.1041 - d. 1080)
17 Apr 1080 - 10 Jul 1086  Knud IV (Canute IV "the Saint")    (b. c.1043 - d. 1086)
10 Jul 1086 - 18 Aug 1095  Oluf I                             (b. c.1052 - d. 1095)
18 Aug 1095 - 10 Jul 1103  Erik I                             (b. c.1056 - d. 1103)
1103 - 17 Jan 1131         Knud VI                            (b. 1096 - d. 1131)
                           - with co-ruler -
1104 - 25 Jun 1134         Niels Svendsen                     (b. c.1064 - d. 1134)
                           - with co-ruler -
1134 - 24 Jun 1134         Magnus II Nielsen af Slesvig       (b. 1106 - d. 1134)
26 Jun 1134 - 1135         Harald IV                          (b. 1080 - d. 1135)
1135 - 18 Sep 1137         Erik II                            (b. c.1090 - d. 1137) 
18 Sep 1137 - 27 Aug 1147  Erik III ("the Lame")              (b. c.1100 - d. 1147)
1140 - 1143                Oluf II                            (b. c.1114 - d. 1143)
                           - with co-ruler-
1140 - 1143                Oluf Haraldsen                     (b. c.1114 - d. 1143)
27 Aug 1146 - 23 Oct 1157  Svend III                          (b. c.1127 - d. 1157)
                            (to 1154 in Sjaelland and Skåne)
1146 - 1151                Knud VII                           (b. c.1130 - d. 1157)
                            (in opposition in Jutland and Fyn)
1154 - 12 May 1182         Valdemar I ("the Great")           (b. 1131 - d. 1182)
                            (co-ruler to 23 Oct 1157)
1164 - 1175                Prince Prislaw of the Obotrites    (d. 1175)
                            (co-ruler in Laaland/Mecklenburg)
1168 - 1177                Magnus III (in rebellion)          (d. 1190)
1175 - 20 Oct 11183        Prince Kanut of the Abodrites
                            (co-ruler in Laaland/Mecklenburg)
25 Jun 1170 - 12 Nov 1202  Knud VII                           (b. 1163 - d. 1202)
                            (co-ruler to 12 May 1182)
1182                       Harald Skraenk (in rebellion)
12 Nov 1202 - 28 Mar 1241  Valdemar II ("the Victorious")     (b. 1170 - d. 1241)
                           - with two co-rulers -
1218 - 28 Nov 1231         Valdemar Valdemarsen               (b. 1209 - d. 1231)
1232 - 10 Aug 1250         Erik IV                            (b. 1216 - d. 1250)
                             (co-ruler to 28 Mar 1241)
28 Mar 1241 - 10 Aug 1250  Knut Valdemarsen -Co-ruler         (b. 1211 - d. 1260)
                             (1st time)
10 Aug 1250 - 29 Jun 1252  Abel                               (b. 1218 - d. 1252)
10 Aug 1250 - 29 Jun 1252  Knut Valdemarsen -Co-ruler         (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
29 Jun 1252 - 28 May 1259  Christoffer I                      (b. 1219 - d. 1259)
29 Jun 1252 - 28 May 1259  Knut Valdemarsen -Co-ruler         (s.a.)
                             (3rd time)
28 May 1259 - 1259         Erik Abelsen (in rebellion)        (b. c.1240 - d. 1272)
28 May 1259 - 22 Nov 1286  Erik V                             (b. 1249 - d. 1286)
28 May 1259 - 15 Oct 1260  Knut Valdemarsen -Co-regent        (s.a.)
                             (4th time)
28 May 1259 - 1266         Margarethe Sambiria (f) -Regent    (b. 1230 - d. 1282)
22 Nov 1286 - 13 Nov 1319  Erik VI                            (b. 1274 - d. 1319)
22 Nov 1286 - 1289         Valdemar af Slesvig -Regent        (d. 1312)
13 Nov 1319 -  7 Jun 1326  Christoffer II (1st time)          (b. 1276 - d. 1332)
                           - with co-ruler -
1321 - 1326                Erik Christoffersen                (b. 1307 - d. 1332)
 7 Jun 1326 - 23 Feb 1330  Valdemar III                       (b. 1315 - d. 1364)
 7 Jun 1326 - 23 Feb 1330  Gerhard Graf von Holstein-         (b. c.1292 - d. 1340)
                             Rendsburg -Regent
23 Feb 1330 -  2 Aug 1332  Christoffer II (2nd time)          (s.a.)
 2 Aug 1332 - 22 Jun 1340  Regency
                           - Gerhard Graf von Holstein-       (s.a.)
                               Rendsburg (in Jutland and Fyn) 
                           - Johann Graf von Holstein-Plön    (d. 1359)
                              (in Sjaelland and Skåne) 
22 Jun 1340 - 24 Oct 1375  Valdemar IV Christoffersøn         (b. 1320 - d. 1375)
24 Oct 1375 - May 1376     Niels Jønsøn
                             (chairman of state council)
May 1376 -  3 Aug 1387     Oluf II Haakonsson                 (b. 1370 - d. 1387)
 3 Aug 1387 - 10 Aug 1387  Magnus Nielssøn
                             (chairman of state council)
10 Aug 1387 - 24 Jan 1396  Margrethe I -Queen                 (b. 1353 - d. 1412)
                             (styled: Denmarks Lady and Master, and
                              most mighty Guardian of the whole Realm)
24 Jan 1396 - 23 Jun 1439  Erik VII                           (b. 1382 - d. 1459)
                             (Erik XIII of Sweden, Erik II of Norway)
23 Jun 1439 - 25 Jul 1439  Hans Laksmand (Laxmand)            (d. 1443)
                             (chairman of state council)
25 Jul 1439 -  9 Apr 1440  Christoffer af Bayern -Regent      (b. 1416 - d. 1448)
                             (continues as king Christoffer III)
 9 Apr 1440 -  5 Jan 1448  Christoffer III                    (s.a.)
 6 Jan 1448 - 28 Sep 1448  Tuve Nielsen                       (d. 1472) 
                             (chairman of state council)
28 Sep 1448-21/22 May 1481 Christian I (Christiern I)         (b. 1426 - d. 1481)
                             (elected 1 Sep 1448)
22 May 1481 -  3 Feb 1483  Jens Brostrup                      (d. 1497)
                             (chairman of state council)
 3 Feb 1483 - 20 Feb 1513  Hans                               (b. 1455 - d. 1513)
20 Feb 1513 - 22 Jul 1513  Birger Gunnersen                   (b. 1440 - d. 1519)
                             (chairman of state council)
22 Jul 1513 - 13 Apr 1523  Christian II (Christiern II)       (b. 1481 - d. 1559)
26 Mar 1523 - 10 Apr 1533  Frederik I                         (b. 1471 - d. 1533)
                             (proclaimed in dissidence; deposed Christian II)
10 Apr 1533 - 29 Jul 1536  Torben Bille                       (d. 1552)
                             (chairman of state council)
29 Jul 1536 -  1 Jan 1559  Christian III                      (b. 1503 - d. 1559)
                             (proclaimed in dissidence 19 Aug 1535)
 1 Jan 1559 - 14 Apr 1588  Frederik II                        (b. 1534 - d. 1588)
14 Apr 1588 -  9 Mar 1648  Christian IV                       (b. 1577 - d. 1648)
 9 Mar 1648 - 16 Jul 1648  Christian Thomesen Sehersted -Regent
16 Jul 1648 - 19 Feb 1670  Frederik III                       (b. 1609 - d. 1670)
19 Feb 1670 -  4 Sep 1699  Christian V                        (b. 1646 - d. 1699) 
 4 Sep 1699 - 12 Oct 1730  Frederik IV                        (b. 1671 - d. 1730)
12 Oct 1730 -  6 Aug 1746  Christian VI                       (b. 1699 - d. 1746)
 6 Aug 1746 - 14 Jan 1766  Frederik V                         (b. 1723 - d. 1766)
14 Jan 1766 - 13 Mar 1808  Christian VII                      (b. 1749 - d. 1808)
13 Mar 1808 -  3 Dec 1839  Frederik VI                        (b. 1768 - d. 1839)
 3 Dec 1839 - 20 Jan 1848  Christian VIII                     (b. 1786 - d. 1848)
20 Jan 1848 - 15 Nov 1863  Frederik VII                       (b. 1808 - d. 1863)
15 Nov 1863 - 29 Jan 1906  Christian IX                       (b. 1818 - d. 1906)
29 Jan 1906 - 14 May 1912  Frederik VIII                      (b. 1843 - d. 1912)
14 May 1912 - 20 Apr 1947  Christian X                        (b. 1870 - d. 1947)
                            (under occupation 9 Apr 1940 - 5 May 1945)
19 Oct 1942 - 15 May 1943  Crown Prince Frederik -Regent      (b. 1899 - d. 1972)
20 Apr 1947 - 14 Jan 1972  Frederik IX                        (s.a.)
Queen¹
14 Jan 1972 -              Margrethe II                       (b. 1940)
 

Chancellors (Rikskansler)
1699 - 21 Jul 1708         Conrad, greve von Reventlow        (b. 1644 - d. 1708)
1708 - 1721                Christian Christophersen Sehested  (b. 1666 - d. 1740)
Grand Chancellor (Storkansler)
1721 - 17 Oct 1730         Ulrik Adolf, greve Holstein        (b. 1664 - d. 1737)
Ministers of State (Statsministres)
17 Oct 1730 - 12 May 1735  Ivar Eriksen Rosencrantz           (b. 1674 - d. 1745)
12 May 1735 - 29 Jan 1763  Johan Ludvig, greve Holstein       (b. 1694 - d. 1763)
1751 - 13 Sep 1770         Johann Hartwig Ernst von Bernstorf (b. 1712 - d. 1772) 
                             (from 1767, greve von Bernstorff av Wotersen)
13 Sep 1770 - 17 Jan 1772  Johann Friedrich Struensee         (b. 1737 - d. 1772) 
                             (from 1771, greve Struensee)
Jan 1772 - 1784            Ove Jørgensen Høegh-Guldberg       (b. 1731 - d. 1808)
1784 - 21 Jun 1797         Andreas Peter,                     (b. 1735 - d. 1797)
                             greve von Bernstorff til Sartow
22 Jun 1797 - 1810         Christian Gunther,                 (b. 1769 - d. 1835)
                             greve von Bernstorff
1810 - 1814                Frederik, greve Moltke             (b. 1754 - d. 1836)
1814                       Fredrik Julius Kaas                (b. 1758 - d. 1827)
1814 - 24 Aug 1818         Joachim Godske, greve Moltke       (b. 1746 - d. 1818)
                             til Stridfeld
1818 - 1824                Heinrich Ernst, greve von          (b. 1747 - d. 1831)
                             Schimmelmann 
1824 - 1842                Otto Joachim, greve Moltke         (b. 1770 - d. 1853)
                             til Stridfeld og Walkendorf
1842 - 22 Mar 1848         Poul Christian Stemann             (b. 1764 - d. 1855)
Prime ministers
22 Mar 1848 - 27 Jan 1852  Adam Wilhelm, greve Moltke         (b. 1785 - d. 1864)  Non-party
27 Jan 1852 - 21 Apr 1853  Christian Albrecht Bluhme          (b. 1794 - d. 1866)  Con
                             (1st time)
21 Apr 1853 - 12 Dec 1854  Anders Sandoe Ørsted               (b. 1788 - d. 1860)  Con
12 Dec 1854 - 18 Oct 1856  Peder Georg Bang                   (b. 1797 - d. 1861)  Con
18 Oct 1856 - 13 May 1857  Carl Christofer Georg Andrae       (b. 1812 - d. 1893)  Non-party
13 May 1857 -  2 Dec 1859  Carl Christian Hall (1st time)     (b. 1812 - d. 1888)  NL
 2 Dec 1859 -  8 Feb 1860  Carl Edvard Rotwitt                (b. 1812 - d. 1860)  FF
 8 Feb 1860 - 24 Feb 1860  Carl Frederik Axel Bror            (b. 1822 - d. 1873)  Con
                             Blixen-Finecke (acting) 
24 Feb 1860 - 31 Dec 1863  Carl Christian Hall (2nd time)     (s.a.)               NL
31 Dec 1863 - 11 Jul 1864  Ditlev Gothard Monrad              (b. 1811 - d. 1887)  NL
11 Jul 1864 -  6 Nov 1865  Christian Albrecht Bluhme          (s.a.)               Con
                             (2nd time)
 6 Nov 1865 - 28 May 1870  Christian Emil, greve              (b. 1817 - d. 1896)  Con
                             Krag-Juel-Vind-Frijs
28 May 1870 - 14 Jul 1874  Ludvig Henrik Carl Herman,         (b. 1815 - d. 1892)  Con
                             greve Holstein 
14 Jul 1874 - 11 Jun 1875  Christian Andreas Fonnesbech       (b. 1817 - d. 1880)  Con
11 Jun 1875 -  7 Aug 1894  Jakob Brønnum Scavenius Estrup     (b. 1825 - d. 1913)  Rp
 7 Aug 1894 - 23 May 1897  Kjeld Thor Tage Otto von           (b. 1839 - d. 1923)  Rp
                             Reedtz-Thott
23 May 1897 - 27 Apr 1900  Hugo Egmont Hørring                (b. 1842 - d. 1909)  Rp
27 Apr 1900 - 24 Jul 1901  Hannibal Sehested til Broholm      (b. 1842 - d. 1924)  Rp
24 Jul 1901 - 15 Jan 1905  Johan Hendrik Deuntzer             (b. 1845 - d. 1918)  LP-V
15 Jan 1905 - 11 Oct 1908  Jens Christian Christensen         (b. 1856 - d. 1930)  LP-V
11 Oct 1908 - 16 Aug 1909  Niels Thomasius Neergaard          (b. 1854 - d. 1936)  LP-V
                             (1st time) 
16 Aug 1909 - 28 Oct 1909  Johan Ludvig Carl Christian,       (b. 1839 - d. 1912)  LP-V
                             greve Holstein-Ledreborg
28 Oct 1909 -  4 Jul 1910  Carl Theodor Zahle (1st time)      (b. 1866 - d. 1946)  RV
 4 Jul 1910 - 21 Jun 1913  Klaus Berntsen                     (b. 1844 - d. 1927)  LP-V
21 Jun 1913 - 30 Mar 1920  Carl Theodor Zahle (2nd time)      (s.a.)               RP
30 Mar 1920 -  5 Apr 1920  Carl Julius Otto Liebe             (b. 1860 - d. 1929)  Non-party
 5 Apr 1920 -  5 May 1920  Michael Petersen Friis             (b. 1857 - d. 1949)  Non-party
 5 May 1920 - 23 Apr 1924  Niels Thomasius Neergaard          (s.a.)               LP-V
                             (2nd time)
23 Apr 1924 - 13 Dec 1926  Thorvald August Marinus Stauning   (b. 1873 - d. 1942)  SD 
                             (1st time) 
13 Dec 1926 - 28 Apr 1929  Thomas Madsen-Mygdal               (b. 1876 - d. 1943)  KF
28 Apr 1929 -  4 May 1942  Thorvald August Marinus Stauning   (s.a.)               SP
                             (2nd time)
 4 May 1942 - 10 Nov 1942  Vilhelm Buhl (1st time)            (b. 1881 - d. 1954)  SD
10 Nov 1942 -  5 May 1945²  Erik Julius Christian Scavenius    (b. 1877 - d. 1962)  Non-party
 5 May 1945 -  8 Nov 1945  Vilhelm Buhl (2nd time)            (s.a.)               SD
 8 Nov 1945 - 13 Nov 1947  Knud Kristensen                    (b. 1880 - d. 1962)  LP-V
13 Nov 1947 - 27 Oct 1950  Hans Hedtoft (1st time)            (b. 1903 - d. 1955)  SD
27 Oct 1950 - 30 Sep 1953  Erik Eriksen                       (b. 1902 - d. 1972)  LP-V
30 Sep 1953 - 29 Jan 1955  Hans Hedtoft (2nd time)            (s.a.)               SD
 1 Feb 1955 - 19 Feb 1960  Hans Christian Svane Hansen        (b. 1906 - d. 1960)  SD
21 Feb 1960 -  3 Sep 1962  Viggo Kampmann                     (b. 1910 - d. 1976)  SD
                             (acting to 21 Feb 1960)
 3 Sep 1962 - 18 Feb 1968  Jens Otto Krag (1st time)          (b. 1914 - d. 1978)  SD
18 Feb 1968 -  9 Oct 1971  Hilmar Baunsgaard                  (b. 1920 - d. 1989)  RV
 9 Oct 1971 -  5 Oct 1972  Jens Otto Krag (2nd time)          (s.a.)               SD
 5 Oct 1972 - 18 Dec 1973  Anker Jørgensen (1st time)         (b. 1922)            SD
18 Dec 1973 - 13 Feb 1975  Poul Hartling                      (b. 1914 - d. 2000)  LP-V
13 Feb 1975 - 10 Sep 1982  Anker Jørgensen (2nd time)         (s.a.)               SD
10 Sep 1982 - 25 Jan 1993  Poul Schlüter                      (b. 1929)            KF
25 Jan 1993 - 27 Nov 2001  Poul Nyrup Rasmussen               (b. 1943)            SD
27 Nov 2001 -  5 Apr 2009  Anders Fogh Rasmussen              (b. 1953)            LP-V
 5 Apr 2009 -  3 Oct 2011  Lars Løkke Rasmussen               (b. 1964)            LP-V
 3 Oct 2011 -              Helle Thorning-Schmidt (f)         (b. 1966)            SD


German Occupation 1940-1945

German Plenipotentiaries
 9 Apr 1940 - Nov 1942     Cecil von Renthe-Fink              (b. 1885 - d. 1964)  NSDAP

Nov 1942 -  5 May 1945     Werner Best                        (b. 1903 - d. 1989)  NSDAP
Commanders of German Troops
 9 Apr 1940 - 30 Jun 1940  Leonhard Kaupisch                  (b. 1878 - d. 1945)
30 Jun 1940 - 26 Sep 1942  Erich Lüdke                        (b. 1882 - d. 1946)
26 Sep 1942 - 26 Jan 1945  Hermann von Hanneken               (b. 1890 - d. 1981)
27 Jan 1945 -  5 May 1945  Georg Lindemann                    (b. 1884 - d. 1963)
Head of the Allied Military Administration
 5 May 1945 - Aug 1945     Richard Henry Dewing (U.K.)        (b. 1891 - d. 1981) 

Resistance

Chairmen of the Free Danish Council³
30 Sep 1940 - 15 May 1942  Karl Gustav Anker-Petersen         (b. 1898 - d. 1956)
                             (acting; in London exile) 
15 May 1942 -  5 May 1945  John Guido Leo Christmas Møller    (b. 1898 - d. 1948)
                             (acting; in London exile)

NoteFreedom Council (Frihedsråd) was formed to unify the various resistance groups in Denmark. six persons formed the council on 16 Sep 1943, which was later expanded to 15 persons. There was no leader or president. These were the members as announced after the liberation.

Freedom Council
16 Sep 1943 - 1945         Council Members
                           - Niels Banke (from 194.)         (b. 1907 - d. 1983)
                           - Carl Adolf Bodelsen (from 1944) (b. 1894 - d. 1978)
                           - Ole Chievitz (from 1944)        (b. 1883 - d. 1946)
                           - Mogens Fog (to 1944)            (b. 1904 - d. 1990)
                           - Erling Foss                     (b. 1897 - d. 1982)
                               (from 1944, in Sweden)
                           - Børge Houmann                   (b. 1904 - d. 1994)
                           - Erik Husfeldt (194. - 194.)     (b. 1901 - d. 1984)
                           - Frode Jakobsen                  (b. 1906 - d. 1997)
                           - Alfred Jensen (194. - 194.)     (b. 1903 - d. 1988)
                           - Flemming B. Muus                (b. 1907 - d. 1982)
                           - Arne Nøe-Nygaard (to 1943)      (b. 1908 - d. 1991)
                           - Aage Schoch (to 1944)           (b. 1898 - d. 1968)
                           - Arne Sørensen (from 1943)       (b. 1906 - d. 1978)
                           - Hans Øllgaard (from 1944)       (b. 1888 - d. 1979)
                           - Ole Lippmann (from 194.)        (b. 1916 – d. 2002)
                           - Ebbe Munck (in Stockholm)       (b. 1905 – d. 1974) 
                           - John Christmas Møller           (b. 1894 – d. 1948)   
                              
(in London)
                           - Thomas Døssing (in Moscow)      (b. 1887 – d. 1947)


 ¹Full style of the ruler:
(a) 18 Oct 1487 - 13 Apr 1523: Med Guds Nåde Danmarks Sveriges Norges Vendes og Gotes Konge, Hertug i Slesvig Holsten Stormarn og Ditmarsken, Greve i Oldenborg og Delmenhorst ("with the Grace of God, of Denmark, Sweden, Norway, the Wends and Goths King, Duke in Schleswig, Holstein, Stormarn and Ditmarschen, Count in Oldenburg and Delmenhorst");
(b) 21 Aug 1524 - 19 Feb 1670: Med Guds Nåde Danmarks Norges Vendes og Gotes Konge, Hertug i Slesvig Holsten Stromarn og Ditmarsken, Greve i Oldenborg og Delmenhorst ("with the Grace of God, of Denmark, Norway, the Wends and Goths King, Duke in Schleswig, Holstein, Stormarn, Ditmarschen, Count in Oldenburg and Delmenhorst");
(c) 19 Feb 1670 - 22 Mar 1777: af Guds Nåde, Konge til Danmark og Norge, de Venders og Goters, Hertug til Slesvig, Holsten, Stormarn og Ditmersken, Greve i Oldenborg og Delmenhorst ("by the Grace of God, King to Denmark and Norway, the Wends and Goths, Duke to Schleswig, Holstein, Stormarn and Ditmarschen, Count in Oldenburg and Delmenhorst");
(d) 22 Mar 1777 - 7 Feb 1814: af Guds Nåde Konge til Danmark og Norge, de Venders og Goters, Hertug til Slesvig, Holsten, Stormarn, Ditmarsken og Oldenborg ("by the Grace of God, King to Denmark and Norway, the Wends and Goths, Duke to Schleswig, Holstein, Stormarn, Ditmarschen, and Oldenburg");
(e) 7 Feb 1814 - 9 Jun 1815: Af Guds Nåde Konge til Danmark, de Venders og Goters, Hertug til Slesvig, Holsten, Stormarn, Ditmarsken, Oldenborg og Pommern, Fyrste til Rügen
("by the Grace of God, King to Denmark, the Wends and Goths, Duke to Schleswig, Holstein, Stormarn, Ditmarschen, Oldenburg and Pomerania, Prince of Rugen");
(f) 9 Jun 1815 - 1 Dec 1918: Af Guds Nåde Konge til Danmark, de Venders og Goters, Hertug til Slesvig, Holsten, Stormarn, Ditmarsken, Lauenborg og Oldenborg ("by the Grace of God, King to Denmark, the Wends and Goths, Duke to Schleswig, Holstein, Stormarn, Ditmarschen, Oldenburg and Pomerania, Prince of Rugen");
(g) 1 Dec 1918 - 17 Jun 1944: af Guds Nåde Konge til Danmark og Island, de Venders og Goters, Hertug til Slesvig, Holsten, Stormarn, Ditmarsken, Lauenborg og Oldenborg ("by the Grace of God, King to Denmark, of Iceland, the Wends and Goths, Duke to Schleswig, Holstein, Stormarn, Ditmarschen, Lauenburg, and Oldenburg");
(h) 17 Jun 1944 - 15 Jan 1972: Af Guds Nåde, Konge/Dronning til Danmark, de Venders og Goters ("by the Grace of God, King/Queen of Denmark, the Wends and the Goths"); 
(i) from 15 Jan 1972: af Guds Nåde Danmarks Dronning ("by the Grace of God Queen of Denmark").

 ²Prime Minister Scavenius and his government laid down their functions 29 Aug 1943. From then the Germans governed Denmark alone. However, Scavenius and his government constitutionally still were Denmark's government until 1945.

 ³External resistance against the Germans started immediately in 1940, the Danish diplomatic representatives abroad refusing to recognize the new situation created by the occupation. The most important among them was Henrik Kauffmann, the Minister to the U.S., who, in 1941, placed Greenland under American protection. This was soon followed by the establishment, in London, of a Danish Council, acting as a representative of the Free Danish. The Council had no Chairman for most of the war. It was only in the last month before the liberation that Frode Jacobsen (s.a.)(the founder of the Council) emerged as de facto leader. The Council continued to function for some time after liberation.

Noble title: Greve = Count

Territorial Disputes: Iceland, the UK, and Ireland dispute Denmark's claim that the Faroe Islands' continental shelf extends beyond 200 nm; Faroese continue to study proposals for full independence; sovereignty dispute with Canada over Hans Island in the Kennedy Channel between Ellesmere Island and Greenland; Rockall continental shelf dispute involving Denmark, Iceland, and the UK (Ireland and the UK have signed a boundary agreement in the Rockall area) remains dormant.

Party abbreviations: KF = Konservative Folkeparti (Conservative People's Party (center-right, former Højre, est.1915); LP-V = Danmarks Liberale Parti "Venstre" (Liberal Party of Denmark "Left", moderate-liberal, est.1870 as Agrarian Party); RP = Radikale Parti (Radical Party); RV = Radikale Venestre (Radical Left [Social Liberal] Party, social-liberal, est.1905); SD = Socialdemokratiet i Danmark (Social Democracy in Denmark, social-democratic);
- Former parties: Con = Højre (Conservative Party, 1848-1866); FF = Bondevennernes Selskab (Society of the Friends of Farmers, agrarian, 1846-72); NL = Nationalliberale (National Liberal, liberal 1830s-c.1880); NSDAP = Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei (National Socialist German Workers Party, Nazi fascist, authoritarian, Germany nationalist); Rp = Højre (Right Party, conservative, 1881-1915)



Anholt Island

May 1809 - 15 Jan 1814     British occupation.

British Commandants

 3 May 1809 - 17 May 1810  Edward Nicolls                     (b. 1779 – d. 1865)
                             (Governor and Commandant)

Aug 1810 - Sep 1812        James Wilkes Maurice               (b. 1775 – d. 1857)

 7 Sep 1812 - 24 Apr 1813  T.B. Campbell
Apr 1813 - 15 Jan 1814     ....


Bornholm Island

17 Jun 1645 - 29 Oct 1645  Swedish occupation. 
15 Mar 1658 -  9 Dec 1658  Swedish occupation. 
 9 Apr 1940 -  9 May 1945  German occupation (subordinated to Denmark
                             occupation forces).
 9 May 1945 -  5 Apr 1946  Soviet occupation.

Swedish Commanders
17 Jun 1645 - 29 Oct 1645  John Burdon
15 Mar 1658 -  8 Dec 1658  Johan Printzenskold                (b. 1618 - d. 1658)
German Commandants
Oct 1940 - May 1941        Georg West                         (b. 1872 - d. 19..)
May 1941 - Oct 1942        Hans Köhler                        (b. 1902 - d. 1949)
Oct 1942 - Aug 1943        Eduard Rabe                        (b. 1890 - d. 19..)  
Aug 1943 - Jul 1944        Joachim von Rosenberg              (b. 1891 - d. 1944) 
Jul 1944 - Apr 1945        R
obert Wilhelm Moraht              (b. 1884 - d. 1956)
Apr 1945 -  9 May 1945     Gerhard von Kamptz                 (b. 1902 - d. 1998)
Soviet Military Governors
 9 May 1945 - 22 May 1945  P.D. Strebkov
22 May 1945 - 13 Jul 1945  Fyodor Fyodorovich Korotkov        (b. 1902 - d. 1973)
13 Jul 1945 -  5 Apr 1946  Aleksandr V. Jakushev


Jutland

 8 Nov 1657 - 26 Feb 1658  Jutland peninsula occupied by Sweden.
Aug 1864 - Oct 1864        Most of the Jutland peninsula occupied by Prussia. 

Swedish Military Governor
8 Nov 1657 - 26 Feb 1658   Jakob Kasimir de la Gardie         (b. 1629 - d. 1658)
Prussian Military Governor
Aug 1864 - Oct 1864        Ernst Eduard Vogel von Fackenstein (b. 1797 - d. 1885)








©2000  Ben Cahoon