International Organizations A- L

Contents: African, Caribbean and Pacific Group of States (ACP) - African Development Bank (AfDB) - African Union  (AU) - Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organization (ACTO) - Andean Community - Antarctic Treaty - Arab League - Arab Maghreb Union (AMU) - Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) - Asian Development Bank (ADB) - Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) - Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC) - Caribbean Community (CARICOM) - Central American Integration System (SICA) - Central American Parliament (Parlacen) - Central Treaty Organization (CENTO) - Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) - Colombo Plan - Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA)-  The Commonwealth - Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) - Community of Portuguese Language Countries (CRLP) - Council of Europe (CE) - Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (COMECON/CMEA) - Danube Commission - East African Community (EAC) - Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) - Eurasian Economic Community (EAEC) - European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) - European Free Trade Association (EFTA) - European Union (EU) - Food and Agriculture Organizations (FAO) - Group of 8 (G-8) - Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) - Ibero-American Cooperation Secretariat (SECIB) - Indian Ocean Commission (COI) - Inter-American Development Bank (IADB) - Inter-Governmental Authority on Development (IGAD) - Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU) - International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) - International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) - International Court of Justice (ICJ) - International Criminal Court (ICCt) - International Criminal Police Organization (INTERPOL) - International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) - International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) - International Labor Organization (ILO) - International Maritime Organization (IMO) - International Mobile Satellite Organization (IMSO) - International Monetary Fund (IMF) - International Organization of Francophonie (OIF) - International Olympic Committee (IOC) -  International Organization of Space Communications (Intersputnik) - International Organization for Migration (IOM) - International Organization for Standardization (ISO) - International Telecommunication Union (ITU) - International Telecommunications Satellite Organization (ITSO) - Islamic Development Bank (IDB) - Islamic Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (ISESCO) - League of Nations -

African, Caribbean and Pacific Group of States  (ACP)

 

ACP Website

Lomé and Cotonou Agreements

Headquarters: Brussels (Belgium)

28 Feb 1975                European Communities and ACP States sign First Lomé Convention
                             granting financial, technical assistance and trade concessions.
 6 Jun 1975                Georgetown Agreement formally creating the ACP Group signed.

Secretaries-general 
1976 - 1980                Tieoulé Konaté (Mali)              (b. 1933 - d. 1995)
1980 - 1985                Tom Okelo-Odongo (Kenya)           (b. 1927)
1985 - 1990                Edwin W. Carrington                (b. 1938)
                             (Trinidad and Tobago)
1990 - 1995                Ghebray Berhane (Ethiopia)         (b. 1938)
1995 - 1996                Carl B. Greenidge (Guyana)(interim)
16 Jul 1996 - 29 Feb 2000  Ng'andu Peter Magande (Zambia)     (b. 1947)
 1 Mar 2000 - 28 Feb 2005  Jean-Robert Goulongana (Gabon)     (b. 1953)
 1 Mar 2005 -              Sir John Kaputin                   (b. 1941)
                             (Papua New Guinea) 

ACP  membership (79)

Date of Admission	Member Nations
6 Jun 1975	The Bahamas, Barbados, Botswana, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo (Brazzaville), Dahomey1, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Gabon, The Gambia, Ghana, Grenada, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Ivory Coast2, Jamaica, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, The Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Uganda, Upper Volta3, Western Samoa4, Zaire5, Zambia
8 Dec 1984	Antigua and Barbuda, Belize, Cape Verde, Comoros, Djibouti, Dominica, Kiribati, Liberia, Mozambique, Papua New Guinea, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, São Tomé and Príncipe, Seychelles, Solomon Islands, Suriname, Tuvalu, Vanuatu, Zimbabwe
4 Nov 1995	Angola, Dominican Republic, Haiti
23 Jun 2000	Cook Islands, Eritrea, Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Namibia, Nauru, Niue, Palau, South Africa
14 Dec 2000	Cuba
16 May 2003	East Timor
1from 30 Nov 1975 Benin. 2from 1985 Côte d'Ivoire. 3from 1984 Burkina Faso. 4from 1997 Samoa. 5from 1997 Congo (Kinshasa).

10 Sep 1964                African Development Bank (AfDB) founded.

Presidents
Nov 1964 - Aug 1970        Mamoun Beheiry (The Sudan)         (b. 1925 - d. 2002)
Aug 1970 - May 1976        Abdelwahab Labidi (Tunisia)        (b. .... - d. ....)
May 1976 - Jul 1979        Kwame Donkor Fordword (Ghana)      (b. 1933)
Jul 1979 - Jun 1980        Goodall Gondwe (Malawi) (interim)  (b. 1936)
Jun 1980 - May 1985        Wila D'Israeli Mung'omba (Zambia)  (b. 1939)
May 1985 - Aug 1995        Babacar Ndiaye (Senegal)
 1 Sep 1995 -  1 Sep 2005  Omar Kabbaj (Morocco)              (b. 1942)
 1 Sep 2005 -              Donald Kaberuka (Rwanda)           (b. 1951)

AfDB membership (77)

Date of Admission	Member Nations
10 Sep 1964	Algeria, Cameroon, Congo (Léopoldville)1, Dahomey2, Ethiopia, Ghana, Guinea, Ivory Coast3, Kenya, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Niger, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, The Sudan, Tanzania4, Togo, Uganda
11 Sep 1964	Senegal
14 Sep 1964	Egypt
22 Sep 1964	Upper Volta5
22 Oct 1964	Somalia
29 Oct 1964	Tunisia
18 Jan 1965	Rwanda
10 Feb 1965	Congo (Brazzaville)
25 Jul 1966	Malawi
1 Sep 1966	Zambia
2 Jan 1968	Burundi
26 Aug 1968	Chad
26 Aug 1970	Central African Republic
26 Jul 1971	Swaziland
31 Mar 1972	Botswana
21 Jul 1972	Libya
31 Dec 1972	Gabon
2 Jul 1973	The Gambia, Lesotho
1 Jan 1974	Mauritius
5 May 1975	Guinea-Bissau
30 Jun 1975	Equatorial Guinea
14 Apr 1976	São Tomé and Príncipe
15 Apr 1976	Cape Verde
3 May 1976	Comoros, Madagascar
4 Jun 1976	Mozambique
20 Sep 1977	Seychelles
12 Jul 1978	Djibouti
5 Sep 1980	Zimbabwe
9 Jan 1981	Angola
15 Dec 1982	Portugal
30 Dec 1982	Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Kuwait, Norway, South Korea, Sweden,  Switzerland, Yugoslavia6
31 Dec 1982	Italy
28 Jan 1983	The Netherlands
3 Feb 1983	Japan
8 Feb 1983	United States
18 Feb 1983	Federal Republic of Germany
15 Mar 1983	Belgium
30 Mar 1983	Austria
29 Apr 1983	United Kingdom
14 Jul 1983	Brazil
6 Dec 1983	India
15 Dec 1983	Portugal, Saudi Arabia
20 Mar 1984	Spain
10 May 1985	China
2 Jul 1985	Argentina
10 Apr 1994	Namibia
13 Dec 1995	South Africa
1996	Eritrea
11966-71 and from 1997 Congo (Kinshasa); 1971-97 Zaire. 2from 1975 Benin. 3from 1985 Côte d'Ivoire. 4United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar, renamed Tanzania 1 Nov 1964. 5from 1984 Burkina Faso. 6expelled 31 Dec 1992.

25 May 1963                Organization of African Unity (OAU).
 9 Jul 2002                African Union (AU).

Secretaries-general
25 May 1963 - 21 Jul 1964  Kifle Wodajo (Ethiopia) (acting)   (b. 1936 - d. 2004)
21 Jul 1964 - 15 Jun 1972  Diallo Telli (Guinea)              (b. 1925 - d. 1977)
15 Jun 1972 - 16 Jun 1974  Nzo Ekangaki (Cameroon)            (b. 1934 - d. 2005)
16 Jun 1974 - 21 Jul 1978  William Eteki (Cameroon)           (b. 1933)
21 Jul 1978 - 12 Jun 1983  Edem Kodjo (Togo)                  (b. 1938)
12 Jun 1983 - 20 Jul 1985  Peter Onu (Nigeria) (acting)       (b. 1931 - d. 1997)
20 Jul 1985 - 19 Sep 1989  Ide Oumarou (Niger)                (b. 1937 - d. 2002)
19 Sep 1989 - 17 Sep 2001  Salim Ahmed Salim (Tanzania)       (b. 1942)
17 Sep 2001 -  9 Jul 2002  Amara Essy (Côte d'Ivoire)         (b. 1944)
Chairmen of the Commission
 9 Jul 2002 - 16 Sep 2003  Amara Essy (Côte d'Ivoire)         (s.a.)
                             (interim)
16 Sep 2003 -  1 Feb 2008  Alpha Oumar Konaré (Mali)          (b. 1946)
 1 Feb 2008 -              Jean Ping (Gabon)                  (b. 1942)

Chairmen
25 May 1963 - 17 Jul 1964  Haile Selassie (Ethiopia)          (b. 1892 - d. 1975)
                             (1st time) 
17 Jul 1964 - 21 Oct 1965  Gamal Abdel Nasser (Egypt)         (b. 1918 - d. 1970)
21 Oct 1965 - 24 Feb 1966  Kwame Nkrumah (Ghana)              (b. 1909 - d. 1972)
24 Feb 1966 -  5 Nov 1966  Joseph Arthur Ankrah (Ghana)       (b. 1915 - d. 1992)
 5 Nov 1966 - 11 Sep 1967  Haile Selassie (Ethiopia)          (s.a.)
                             (2nd time) 
11 Sep 1967 - 13 Sep 1968  Joseph-Désiré Mobutu (Congo [K.])  (b. 1930 - d. 1997)
13 Sep 1968 -  6 Sep 1969  Houari Boumedienne (Algeria)       (b. 1932? - d. 1978)
 6 Sep 1969 -  1 Sep 1970  Ahmadou Ahidjo (Cameroon)          (b. 1924 - d. 1989)
 1 Sep 1970 - 21 Jun 1971  Kenneth Kaunda (Zambia) (1st time) (b. 1924)
21 Jun 1971 - 12 Jun 1972  Moktar Ould Daddah (Mauritania)    (b. 1924 - d. 2003)
12 Jun 1972 - 27 May 1973  Hassan II (Morocco)                (b. 1929 - d. 1999)
27 May 1973 - 12 Jun 1974  Yakubu Gowon (Nigeria)             (b. 1934)
12 Jun 1974 - 28 Jul 1975  Muhammad Siad Barre (Somalia)      (b. 1919 - d. 1995)
28 Jul 1975 -  2 Jul 1976  Idi Amin (Uganda)                  (b. 1925? - d. 2003)
 2 Jul 1976 -  2 Jul 1977  Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam          (b. 1900 - d. 1985)
                             (Mauritius) 
 2 Jul 1977 - 18 Jul 1978  Omar Bongo (Gabon)                 (b. 1935)
18 Jul 1978 - 12 Jul 1979  Gaafar Nimeiry (The Sudan)         (b. 1930)
12 Jul 1979 - 12 Apr 1980  William R. Tolbert, Jr. (Liberia)  (b. 1913 - d. 1980)
28 Apr 1980 -  1 Jul 1980  Léopold Sédar Senghor (Senegal)    (b. 1906 - d. 2001)
                             (acting)
 1 Jul 1980 - 24 Jun 1981  Siaka Stevens (Sierra Leone)       (b. 1905 - d. 1988)
24 Jun 1981 -  6 Jun 1983  Daniel arap Moi (Kenya)            (b. 1924)
 6 Jun 1983 - 12 Nov 1984  Mengistu Haile Mariam (Ethiopia)   (b. 1937)
12 Nov 1984 - 18 Jul 1985  Julius Nyerere (Tanzania)          (b. 1922 - d. 1999)
18 Jul 1985 - 28 Jul 1986  Abdou Diouf (Senegal) (1st time)   (b. 1935)
28 Jul 1986 - 27 Jul 1987  Denis Sassou-Nguesso (Congo)       (b. 1943)
                             (1st time) 
27 Jul 1987 - 25 May 1988  Kenneth Kaunda (Zambia) (2nd time) (s.a.)
25 May 1988 - 24 Jul 1989  Moussa Traoré (Mali)               (b. 1936)
24 Jul 1989 -  9 Jul 1990  Hosni Mubarak (Egypt) (1st time)   (b. 1928)
 9 Jul 1990 -  3 Jun 1991  Yoweri Museveni (Uganda)           (b. 1944)
 3 Jun 1991 - 29 Jun 1992  Ibrahim Babangida (Nigeria)        (b. 1941)
29 Jun 1992 - 28 Jun 1993  Abdou Diouf (Senegal) (2nd time)   (s.a.)
28 Jun 1993 - 13 Jun 1994  Hosni Mubarak (Egypt) (2nd time)   (s.a.)
13 Jun 1994 - 26 Jun 1995  Zine El Abidine Ben Ali (Tunisia)  (b. 1936)
26 Jun 1995 -  8 Jul 1996  Meles Zenawi (Ethiopia)            (b. 1955)
 8 Jul 1996 -  2 Jun 1997  Paul Biya (Cameroon)               (b. 1933)
 2 Jun 1997 -  8 Jun 1998  Robert Mugabe (Zimbabwe)           (b. 1924)
 8 Jun 1998 - 12 Jul 1999  Blaise Compaoré (Burkina Faso)     (b. 1951)
12 Jul 1999 - 10 Jul 2000  Abdelaziz Bouteflika (Algeria)     (b. 1937)
10 Jul 2000 -  9 Jul 2001  Gnassingbé Eyadéma (Togo)          (b. 1937 - d. 2005)
 9 Jul 2001 -  2 Jan 2002  Frederick Chiluba (Zambia)         (b. 1943)
 2 Jan 2002 -  9 Jul 2002  Levy Mwanawasa (Zambia)            (b. 1948)
 9 Jul 2002 - 10 Jul 2003  Thabo Mbeki (South Africa)         (b. 1942)
10 Jul 2003 -  6 Jul 2004  Joaquim Chissano (Mozambique)      (b. 1939)
 6 Jul 2004 - 24 Jan 2006  Olusegun Obasanjo (Nigeria)        (b. 1937)
24 Jan 2006 - 29 Jan 2007  Denis Sassou-Nguesso (Congo [B.])  (s.a.)
                             (2nd time) 
29 Jan 2007 - 31 Jan 2008  John Kufuor (Ghana)                (b. 1938)
31 Jan 2008 -              Jakaya Kikwete (Tanzania)          (b. 1950)

President of the Pan-African Parliament
18 Mar 2004 -              Gertrude Ibengwe Mongella (f)      (b. 1955)
                             (Tanzania) 

AU membership (53)

Date of Admission	Member Nations
25 May 1963	Algeria, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo (Brazzaville), Congo (Léopoldville)1, Dahomey2, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Ivory Coast3, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar4, Mali, Mauritania5, Morocco6, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, The Sudan, Tanganyika7, Togo8, Tunisia, Uganda, Upper Volta9, Zanzibar7
13 Dec 1963	Kenya
13 Jul 1964	Malawi
16 Dec 1964	Zambia
Oct 1965	The Gambia
31 Oct 1966	Botswana, Lesotho
Aug 1968	Mauritius
24 Sep 1968	Swaziland
12 Oct 1968	Equatorial Guinea
19 Nov 1973	Guinea-Bissau
11 Feb 1975	Angola
18 Jul 1975	Cape Verde, Comoros, Mozambique, São Tomé and Príncipe
29 Jun 1976	Seychelles
27 Jun 1977	Djibouti
Jun 1980	Zimbabwe
22 Feb 1982	Saharawi Arab Democratic Republic (Western Sahara)
Jun 1990	Namibia
24 May 1993	Eritrea
6 Jun 1994	South Africa
11966-71 and from 1997 Congo (Kinshasa); 1971-97 Zaire. 2from 1975 Benin. 3from 1985 Côte d'Ivoire. 4to 30 Dec 1975 Malagasy Republic; suspended Dec 2001 - 10 Jul 2003. 5Suspended 4 Aug 2005 - 10 Apr 2007. 6withdrew 12 Nov 1984. 7Tanganyika and Zanzibar merged 26 Apr 1964 to form the United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar, which was renamed Tanzania 1 Nov 1964. 8suspended from 25 Feb 2005 - 27 May 2005. 9from 1984 Burkina Faso.

 
 3 Jul 1978                Amazon Cooperation Treaty (ACT).
25 Feb 1995                Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organization (ACTO)
                             (Organización del Tratado de Cooperación Amazónica [OTCA]).
2003                       Permanent secretariat inaugurated.

               
              Adopted 12  Jul 2004 

26 May 1969                Andean Pact (Andean Group) established.
10 Mar 1996                Renamed Andean Community of Nations (CAN).
 1 Aug 1997                Secretariat established.

Secretaries-general
 1 Aug 1997 -  7 Aug 2002  Sebastián Alegrett (Venezuela)     (b. 1942 - d. 2002)
19 Sep 2002 - 15 Jan 2004  Guillermo Fernández de Soto        (b. 1953)
                             (Colombia) 
15 Jan 2004 - 28 Jul 2006  Allan Wagner Tizón (Peru)          (b. 1942)
28 Jul 2006 -  1 Feb 2007  Alfredo Fuentes Hernández
                             (Colombia) (acting)
 1 Feb 2007 -              Freddy Ehlers Zurita (Ecuador)     (b. 1945)

Andean Community membership (4)

Date of Admission	Member Nations
26 May 1969	Bolivia, Chile1, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru2
13 Feb 1973	Venezuela3
1withdrew 30 Oct 1976. 2suspended Apr 1992-1997.   3withdrew 22 Apr 2006.
Date of Admission	Associate Members of CAN
7 Jul 2005	Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay
20 Sep 2006	Chile

                  Adopted 20 Sep 2002

 1 Dec 1959                Antarctic Treaty signed.
23 Jun 1961                Antarctic Treaty comes into effect.
 1 Sep 2004                Secretariat inaugurated.

Executive secretary
 1 Sep 2004 -              Johannes "Jan" Huber (Netherlands)

Antarctic Treaty membership (47) 

Dates of  Membership	Member Nations
23 Jun 1961	Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Chile, France, Japan, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, South Africa, Soviet Union1, United Kingdom, United States
14 Jun 1962	Czechoslovakia2
20 May 1965	Denmark
30 Mar 1967	The Netherlands
15 Sep 1971	Romania
19 Nov 1974	East Germany3
16 May 1975	Brazil
11 Sep 1978	Bulgaria
5 Feb 1979	West Germany3
11 Jan 1980	Uruguay
16 Mar 1981	Papua New Guinea4
18 Mar 1981	Italy
10 Apr 1981	Peru
31 Mar 1982	Spain
8 Jun 1983	China
19 Aug 1983	India
27 Jan 1984	Hungary
24 Apr 1984	Sweden
15 May 1984	Finland
16 Aug 1984	Cuba
28 Nov 1986	South Korea
8 Jan 1987	Greece
21 Jan 1987	North Korea
25 Aug 1987	Austria
15 Sep 1987	Ecuador
4 May 1988	Canada
31 Jan 1989	Colombia
15 Nov 1990	Switzerland
31 Jul 1991	Guatemala
28 Oct 1992	Ukraine
1 Jan 1993	Czech Republic, Slovakia
24 Jan 1996	Turkey
24 Mar 1999	Venezuela
17 May 2001	Estonia
27 Dec 2006	Belarus
30 May 2008	Monaco
1Dissolved 25 Dec 1991, succeeded by Russia. 2Dissolved 31 Dec 1992. 3East and West Germany united 3 Oct 1990. 4Date of deposit of notification of succession by Papua New Guinea; effective 16 Sep 1975, the date of its independence.

                           Adopted 1945
 

Arab League website

Headquarters: Cairo (Egypt) (Tunis, Tunisia 1979-1990)

AL Day: 22 Mar (1945) Arab League Day

22 Mar 1945                League of Arab States (Arab League) founded.

Secretaries-general
22 Mar 1945 - Sep 1952     Abdel Rahman Azzam (Egypt)       (b. 1893 - d. 1976)
                             (from 27 Dec 1945, Abdel Rahman Azzam Pasha)
Sep 1952 -  1 Jun 1972     Abdel Khaliq Hassuna (Egypt)     (b. 1898 - d. 1992)
 1 Jun 1972 - Mar 1979     Mahmoud Riad (Egypt)             (b. 1917 - d. 1992)
Mar 1979 - Sep 1990        Chedli Klebi (Tunisia)           (b. 1925)
Sep 1990 - 15 May 1991     Assad al-Assad (Lebanon) (acting)(b. 1920)
15 May 1991 - 15 May 2001  Esmat Abdel Meguid (Egypt)       (b. 1923)
15 May 2001 -              Amr Moussa (Egypt)               (b. 1936)

Arab League membership (22)

Date of  Admission	Member Nations
22 Mar 1945	Egypt1, Iraq, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Syria2, Transjordan3, Yemen (Sana)4
28 Mar 1953	Libya5
19 Jan 1956	The Sudan
1 Jan 1958	Tunisia
1 Oct 1958	Morocco
20 Jul 1961	Kuwait
16 Aug 1962	Algeria
12 Dec 1967	Yemen (Aden)4
11 Sep 1971	Bahrain, Qatar
29 Sep 1971	Oman
6 Dec 1971	United Arab Emirates
26 Nov 1973	Mauritania
14 Feb 1974	Somalia
9 Sep 1976	Palestine Liberation Organization
4 Sep 1977	Djibouti
20 Nov 1993	Comoros
1suspended from 26 Mar 1979 to 23 May 1989. 2merged with Egypt to form United Arab Republic 22 Feb 1958; seceded from U.A.R. 28 Sep 1961 and rejoined Arab League 29 Oct 1961  3from 1949 Jordan. 4Yemen (Aden) and Yemen (Sana) united in 1990 as Yemen. 5Libya announced its withdrawal 24 Oct 2002; this would be effective one year later; Libya canceled (16 Jan 2003), reaffirmed (3 Apr 2003), and again canceled (25 May 2003) the decision to withdraw.

                    Adopted 1990
 

AMU website

Headquarters: Rabat (Morocco)

17 Feb 1989                Arab Maghreb Union (AMU) formed.

Secretaries-general
23 Oct 1991 - 26 Feb 2002  Mohamed Amamou (Tunisia)           (b. 1933)
26 Feb 2002 -  1 Feb 2006  Habib Boularès (Tunisia)           (b. 1933)
 1 Feb 2006 -              Habib Ben Yahia (Tunisia)          (b. 1938)

AMU membership (5)

Date of  Admission	Member Nations
17 Feb 1989	Algeria, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Tunisia

                     Adopted 1991
 

APEC website

Headquarters: Singapore (Singapore)

 6 Nov 1989                Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) founded.
12 Feb 1993                Secretariat inaugurated.

Executive Directors
12 Feb 1993 - 1994         William Bodde, Jr. (United States)
1994 - 1995                Rusli Noor (Indonesia)
1995 - 1996                Shojiro Imanishi (Japan) 
1996 - 1997                Armando Q. Madamba (Philippines)    (b. 1941?)
1997 - 1998                Jack A. Whittleton (Canada)         (b. 1940?)
1998 -  4 Jan 1999         Dato' Noor Adlan (Malaysia)         (b. 1939)
 4 Jan 1999 -  4 Jan 2000  Timothy James Hannah (New Zealand)  (b. 1939)
 4 Jan 2000 -  1 Jan 2001  Serbini Ali (Brunei Darussalam)     (b. 1955)
 1 Jan 2001 -  1 Jan 2002  Zhang Yan (China)                   (b. 1950)
 1 Jan 2002 -  1 Jan 2003  Alejandro de la Peña Navarrete      (b. 1951)
                             (Mexico)
 1 Jan 2003 -  1 Jan 2004  Piamsak Milintachinda (Thailand)    (b. 1950)
 1 Jan 2004 -  1 Jan 2005  Mario Artaza (Chile)                (b. 1937)
 1 Jan 2005 -  1 Jan 2006  Choi Seok Young (South Korea)       (b. 1955)
 1 Jan 2006 -  1 Jan 2007  Tran Trong Toan (Vietnam)           (b. 1952)
 1 Jan 2007 -  1 Jan 2008  Colin Heseltine (Australia)         (b. 1947)
 1 Jan 2008 -              Juan Carlos Capuñay (Peru)          (b. 1949)    

APEC membership (21)

Date of  Admission	Member Nations
6 Nov 1989	Australia, Brunei Darussalam, Canada, Indonesia, Japan, Republic of Korea, Malaysia, New Zealand, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, United States
12 Nov 1991	China, Hong Kong, Chinese Taipei (Taiwan)
17 Nov 1993	Mexico, Papua New Guinea
11 Nov 1994	Chile
14 Nov 1998	Peru, Russia, Vietnam

Asian Development Bank (ADB)

22 Aug 1966                Asian Development Bank (ADB) established.
19 Dec 1966                Operations begin.

Presidents (all from Japan)
24 Nov 1966 - 24 Nov 1972  Takeshi Watanabe                   (b. 1906)
25 Nov 1972 - 23 Nov 1976  Shiro Inoue                        (b. 1915)
24 Nov 1976 - 23 Nov 1981  Taroichi Yoshida                   (b. 1919)
24 Nov 1981 - 23 Nov 1989  Masao Fujioka                      (b. 1924)
24 Nov 1989 - 23 Nov 1993  Kimimasa Tarumizu                  (b. 1930)
24 Nov 1993 - 15 Jan 1999  Mitsuo Sato                        (b. 1933 - d. 2002)
16 Jan 1999 -  1 Feb 2005  Tadao Chino                        (b. 1934)
 1 Feb 2005 -              Haruhiko Kuroda                    (b. 1944)

ADB membership (67)

Date of  Admission	Member Nations
22 Aug 1966	Afghanistan, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, India, Japan, Malaysia, Nepal, Norway, Pakistan, Philippines, South Korea, Thailand, United States, Western Samoa1
29 Aug 1966	The Netherlands
30 Aug 1966	Federal Republic of Germany, Laos
21 Sep 1966	Singapore
22 Sep 1966	Vietnam2, Taiwan3
26 Sep 1966	United Kingdom
29 Sep 1966	Ceylon4, Sweden
29 Sep 1966	Austria, New Zealand
30 Sep 1966	Cambodia, Italy
24 Nov 1966	Indonesia
19 Dec 1966	Australia
31 Dec 1967	Switzerland
27 Mar 1969	Hong Kong
2 Apr 1970	Fiji
27 Jul 1970	France
8 Apr 1971	Papua New Guinea
29 Mar 1972	Tonga
14 Mar 1973	Bangladesh
26 Apr 1973	Burma5
30 Apr 1973	Solomon Islands
28 May 1974	Gilbert and Ellice Islands6
20 Apr 1976	Cook Islands
14 Feb 1978	Maldives
15 Apr 1982	Bhutan, Vanuatu
14 Feb 1986	Spain
10 Mar 1986	China
4 Apr 1990	Marshall Islands
26 Apr 1990	Federated States of Micronesia
15 Apr 1991	Turkey
17 Sep 1991	Nauru
22 Feb 1991	Mongolia
3 May 1993	Tuvalu
19 Jan 1994	Kazakhstan
13 Apr 1994	Kyrgyzstan
31 Aug 1995	Uzbekistan
20 Apr 1998	Tajikistan
22 Dec 1999	Azerbaijan
31 Aug 2000	Turkmenistan
2 Apr 2002	Portugal
23 Jul 2002	East Timor
25 Sep 2003	Luxembourg
29 Dec 2003	Palau
20 Sep 2005	Armenia
27 Apr 2006	Brunei Darussalam
24 Jul 2006	Ireland
2 Feb 2007	Georgia
1from 1997 Samoa. 2Republic of Vietnam to 30 Apr 1975, then Republic of South Vietnam, from 2 Jul 1976 Socialist Republic of Vietnam; succession recognized by ADB on 23 Sep 1976, retroactive to 2 Jul 1976. 3upon the admission of the People's Republic of China on 10 Mar 1986, the Republic of China (Taiwan) is re-designated "Taipei, China" and continues its membership under that designation. 4from 1972 Sri Lanka. 5from 1989 Myanmar. 6in 1975 Ellice Islands (later Tuvalu) separated from the Gilbert Islands which alone remained a member of the Bank; from 1979 Gilbert Islands named Kiribati.

31 Jan 1961 - 1963         Association of Southeast Asia (ASA)(Malaysia, Philippines,
                             and Thailand).
 8 Aug 1967                ASEAN created.

Secretaries-general
 7 Jun 1976 - 18 Feb 1978  Hartono Dharsono (Indonesia)       (b. 1925 - d. 1996)
19 Feb 1978 -  1 Jul 1978  Umarjadi Njotowijono (Indonesia)
10 Jul 1978 -  1 Jul 1980  Datuk Ali bin Abdullah (Malaysia)
 1 Jul 1980 -  1 Jul 1982  Narciso G. Reyes (Philippines)     (b. 1914 - d. 1996)
18 Jul 1982 - 16 Jul 1984  Chan Kai Yau (Singapore)
16 Jul 1984 - 16 Jul 1986  Phan Wannamethee (Thailand)        (b. 1923)
16 Jul 1986 - 16 Jul 1989  Roderick Yong (Brunei Darussalam)
17 Jul 1989 -  1 Jan 1993  Rusli Noor (Indonesia)             (b. 1927)
 1 Jan 1993 -  5 Jan 1998  Datuk Ajit Singh (Malaysia)        (b. 1938)
 5 Jan 1998 -  6 Jan 2003  Rodolfo C. Severino (Philippines)  (b. 1936)
 6 Jan 2003 -  7 Jan 2008  Ong Keng Yong (Singapore)          (b. 1954)
 7 Jan 2008 -              Surin Pitsuwan (Thailand)          (b. 1949)

ASEAN membership (10)

Date of  Admission	Member Nations
8 Aug 1967	Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand
7 Jan 1984	Brunei Darussalam
28 Jul 1995	Vietnam
23 Jul 1997	Laos, Myanmar
30 Apr 1999	Cambodia

25 Jun 1992                Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC) founded.
 1 May 1999                Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation (BSEC).

               Adopted 4 Jul 1984
 

CARICOM website

Headquarters: Georgetown (Guyana)

CARICOM Day: 1st Monday in July CARICOM Day

15 Dec 1965                Caribbean Free Trade Associaton (CARIFTA) formed.
 1 Aug 1973                Caribbean Community and Common Market (CARICOM) inaugurated.

Secretaries-general
1973 - 1974                William Demas                      (b. 1929 - d. 1998)
                             (Trinidad and Tobago) 
1974 - Aug 1977            Sir Alister McIntyre (Grenada)     (b. 1932)
Aug 1977 - Aug 1978        Joseph Tyndall (Guyana) (acting)   (b. 1927)
 1 Nov 1978 - Sep 1983     Kurleigh King (Barbados)           (b. 1933 - d. 1998)
Sep 1983 -  1 Aug 1992     Roderick Rainford (Jamaica)        (b. 1940)
 1 Aug 1992 -              Edwin W. Carrington                (b. 1938)
                             (Trinidad and Tobago)

                    Adopted 1991
 

Parlacen website

Headquarters: Guatemala City (Guatemala)

28 Oct 1991                Parlacen established as the parliamentary assembly
                             of Central American Integration System (SICA).

Presidents
28 Oct 1991 - 28 Oct 1992  Roberto Carpio Nicolle (Guatemala)
28 Oct 1992 - 28 Oct 1993  Ilsa Díaz Zelaya (f) (Honduras)    (b. 1942)
28 Oct 1993 - 28 Oct 1994  José Francisco Guerrero Munguía    (b. 1937 - d. 1994)
                             (El Salvador) 
28 Oct 1994 - 28 Oct 1995  Augusto Vela Mena (Guatemala)
                             (1st time)
28 Oct 1995 - 28 Oct 1996  Roland Valenzuela Oyuela (Honduras)
28 Oct 1996 - 28 Oct 1997  Ernesto Lima Mena (El Salvador)
28 Oct 1997 - 28 Oct 1998  Marco Antonio Solares Pérez
                             (Guatemala)
28 Oct 1998 - 28 Oct 1999  Carlos Roberto Reina (Honduras)    (b. 1926 - d. 2003)
28 Oct 1999 - 28 Oct 2000  José Ernesto Somarriba Sosa
                             (Nicaragua)
28 Oct 2000 - 28 Oct 2001  Hugo Guiraud Gargano (Panama)
28 Oct 2001 - 28 Oct 2002  Rodrigo Samayoa Rivas (El Salvador)
28 Oct 2002 - 28 Oct 2003  Augusto Vela Mena (Guatemala)
                             (2nd time)
28 Oct 2003 - 28 Oct 2004  Mario Facussé Handal (Honduras)
28 Oct 2004 - 28 Oct 2005  Fabio Gadea Mantilla (Nicaragua)   (b. 1931)
28 Oct 2005 - 28 Oct 2006  Julio Palacios (Panama)
28 Oct 2006 - 26 Oct 2007  Ciro Cruz Zepeda (El Salvador)     (b. 1946)
26 Oct 2007 -              Julio Guillermo González Gamarra
                             (Guatemala)

PARLACEN membership (6)

Date of  Admission	Member Nations
28 Oct 1991	El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras
21 Jan 1997	Nicaragua
1 Sep 1999	Panama
30 Oct 2006	Dominican Republic

 

Text of the Baghdad Pact (4 Feb 1955)

Headquarters: Ankara (Turkey) (Baghdad, Iraq 1955-1958)

 4 Feb 1955                Pact of Mutual Cooperation "Baghdad Pact" signed.
15 Apr 1955                Middle East Treaty Organization (MENTO).
19 Aug 1959                Central Treaty Organization (CENTO).
26 Sep 1979                CENTO dissolved.

Secretaries-general
1955 - 31 Dec 1958         Awni Khalidy (Iraq)
 1 Jan 1959 - 1961         Mirza O.A. Baig (Pakistan)         (b. 1904)
1962 - Jan 1968            Abbas Ali Khalatbari (Iran)        (b. 1912 - d. 1979)
Jan 1968 -  1 Feb 1972     Turgut Menemencioglu (Turkey)
 1 Feb 1972 - Jan 1975     Nassir Assar (Iran)
Jan 1975 -  1 Aug 1977     Ümit Haluk Bayülken (Turkey)       (b. 1921)
Aug 1977 - Mar 1978        Sidar Hasan Mahmud (Pakistan) 
                             (acting)
31 Mar 1978 - 1979         Kamuran Gürün (Turkey)             (b. 1924)

CENTO membership 

Date of  Admission	Member Nations
15 Apr 1955	Iraq1, Turkey2, United Kingdom
23 Sep 1955	Pakistan3
23 Oct 1955	Iran4
1withdrew 24 Mar 1959. 2withdrew 15 Mar 1979. 3withdrew 12 Mar 1979. 4withdrew 13 Mar 1979. note: the United States was an observer from 5 Mar 1959.

 

Colombo Plan website

Headquarters: Colombo (Sri Lanka)

28 Nov 1950                Colombo Plan for Co-operative Economic Development
                             in South and South-East Asia
 1 Jul 1951                Plan operations commence. 
Dec 1977                   Colombo Plan for Co-operative Economic and Social 
                             Development in Asia and the Pacific (CESDAP). 
Nov 1980                   Duration of the plan extended indefinitely.

Directors
Aug 1951 - Sep 1953        Geoffrey M. Wilson (U.K.)
Sep 1953 - Feb 1956        P.W.E. Curtin (Australia)
Apr 1956 - Aug 1957        Nathan Keyfitz (Canada)           (b. 1913)
Aug 1957 - Jul 1959        R.H. Wade (New Zealand)
Jul 1959 - Dec 1961        J.K. Thompson (U.K.)              (b. 1913)
Dec 1961 - Jan 1964        S. Matsui (Japan)
Jan 1964 - Mar 1966        J.L. Allen (Australia)
Mar 1966 - Jun 1969        D. Alan Strachan (U.S.)
Jun 1969 - Aug 1973        A.B. Connelly (Canada)
Aug 1973 - Dec 1975        I.K. McGregor (New Zealand)
Jan 1976 - Feb 1979        Leonore E.T. Storar (f) (U.K.)
Feb 1979 - Feb 1982        Noboru Yabata (Japan)
Feb 1982 - Feb 1985        Erik Ingevics (Australia)
Feb 1985 - Jan 1986        Donald R. Toussaint (U.S.)        (b. 1927 - d. 1986)
Jul 1986 - Jul 1991        Gilbert H. Shinbaum (U.S.)
Jul 1991 - Dec 1994        John Ryan (New Zealand)
Secretaries-general
Jan 1995 - Mar 1999        Kim Hak-Su (South Korea)          (b. 1938)
Apr 1999 - Jun 2003        U. Sarat Chandran (India)
Jun 2003 - Aug 2007        Kittipan Kanjanapipatkul
                             (Thailand)
Aug 2007 -                 Patricia Yoon-Moi Chia (f)
                             (Malaysia)

Colombo Plan membership