return to World Statesmen.org >
back to India >>
to Princely States K-Z >

 

 

Princely States of India  A-J 


Note: The British ruled India with two administrative systems: British Provinces and 
Indian "princely" states; about 60% of the territory of the Indian sub-continent were 
provinces and 40% were princely states. Provinces were British territories directly administered by the colonial government of British India. Princely states were states with native rulers which had entered into treaty relations with the British. 
     
Except for some states that were extinguished in the 19th century (Arkat, Assam, Awadh, Kodagu, Mahratta states, Pañjab, Utkala), this record contains those Indian ("princely") states that acceded to India with effective date on or after 15 Aug 1947. If no date of accession is noted, 15 Aug 1947 is understood. This list is selective, there were more  than 565 states when Britain granted the Indian independence 15 Aug 1947; about  210 are listed here. However, only "states" are included; "estates" (jagir), "estate revenue grants" (thikana), and "land holders" (zamindar) are excluded, no matter how prominent and/or titled these were. Obsolete but once official English-language names  of the polities are given in parentheses, i.e., Awadh (Oudh). The phrase "British India" is used for U.K. colonial possessions even before 1858, for brevity. The all princely  states of India entered into protectorate/tributary relations with Britain by the end of the 19th century, where exact dates are known they are noted.
 
Ahmadnagar: see Idar


Ajaygarh (Ajaigarh)

[Ajaygarh (Ajaigarh)]

1765                       Ajaygarh state founded.
1855 - 1859                Occupied by British India.

Rajas
1765 - 1792                Guman Singh
1792 - 1793                Bakht Singh (1st time)             (b. 17.. - d. 1837)
1793 - 1802                `Ali Bahadur
1802 - 1804                Shamsher Bahadur
1804 - 1807                Lakshman Dada
1807 - 21 Jun 1837         Bakht Singh (2nd time)             (s.a.)
1837 - 1849                Madho Singh                        (d. 1849)
1849 - 22 Jun 1853         Mahipat Singh                      (d. 1853)
1853 - 12 Sep 1855         Bijai Singh                        (d. 1855)
12 Sep 1855 -  4 Sep 1859  Interregnum
 4 Sep 1859 - 1877         Ranjor Singh                       (b. 1848 - d. 1919)
Rulers (title Sawai Maharaja)
1877 - 1919                Ranjor Singh                       (s.a.)
27 Jun 1919 - 1942         Bhopal Singh                       (b. 1866 - d. 1942)
11 Jul 1942 - 15 Aug 1947  Punya Pratap Singh                 (b. 1884 - d. 1958)



Akalkot

[Akalkot]

Map of  Akalkot
Capital: Akalkot
Population: 82,047 (1901)

 7 Jul 1708                Akalkot state, founded.
1708 - 1848                Vassal of Satara.
 8 Mar 1948                Accedes to India.

Rulers (title Meherban Shrimant Raja)
 7 Jul 1708 - 1760         Fatehsinh I Shivaji Raje Bhonsle   (d. 1760)
1760 - 1789                Shahaji I Fatehsinh Raje Bhonsle   (d. 1789)
1789 - 1822                Fatehsinh II Shahaji Raje Bhonsle  (b. 1770 - d. 1822)
1822 - Apr 1823            Maloji I Fatehsinh Raje Bhonsle    (b. 1803 - d. 1823)
Apr 1823 - 1857            Shahaji II Maloji Raje Bhonsle     (b. 1822 - d. 1857)
Apr 1823 - 1838            .... -Regent
1857 - 1870                Maloji II Shahaji Raje Bhonsle     (b. 1837 - d. 1870)
1866 - 1870                .... -administrator
1870 - 31 Dec 1896         Shahaji III Maloji Raje Bhonsle    (b. 1867 - d. 1896)
1870 - Nov 1891            .... -administrator
31 Dec 1896 -  3 Apr 1923  Fatehsinhrao III Shahaji Raje      (b. 1894 - d. 1923)
                             Bhonsle 
31 Dec 1896 - 20 Aug 1916  Lakshmi Bai Raje Sahib  
                             Bhonsle (f) -Regent
 4 Apr 1923 -  8 Mar 1948  Vijaya Singh Rao Bhonsle           (b. 1915 - d. 1952)
 4 Apr 1923 - 27 Feb 1936  Tara Bai Raje Sahib                (b. 1899 - d. 1942)
                             Bhonsle (f) -Regent



Alipura

1757                       State founded.
1808                       Named Alipura

Rulers (title Rao, from 1877 Rao Bahadur)
1757 - 1790                Achal Singh                       (d. 1790)
1790 - 1835                Pratap Singh
1835 - 1840                Pancham Singh
1840 - 1871                Hindupat Singh                    (d. 1871)
1871 - 1903                Chhatrapati Singh                 (b. 1853 - d. 1922)
Rulers (title Rao Bahadur Raja)
1903 - 1922                Chhatrapati Singh                 (s.a.)
26 Mar 1922 - 1934         Harpal Singh                      (b. 1882 - d. 1934)
1934 - 15 Aug 1947         Bhopal Singh 



Ali Rajpur

[Ali Rajpur]

1437                       Ali Rajpur state founded.

Rulers (title Rana)
.... - ....                Prithi Deo
.... - 1765                Surat Deo
1765 - 1818                Pratap Singh
1818 - 17 Mar 1862         Jashwant Singh                     (b. 1818 - d. 1862)
1862 - Mar 1871            Gang Deo
1871 - 1881                Rup Deo                            (d. 1881)
1881 - 16 Aug 1890         Bijai Singh                        (d. 1890)
16 Aug 1890 - 14 Feb 1891  Interregnum
14 Feb 1891 - 1911         Pratap Singh                       (b. 1881 - d. 19..)
Rajas
1911 - 19..                Pratap Singh                       (s.a.)
19.. - 23 Oct 1941         Fateh Singh                        (b. 1904 - d. 1941)
1941 - 15 Aug 1947         Surendra Singh                     (b. 1923 - d. 1996)



Alwar

[Alwar]

Nov 1775                   Alwar state founded (previously part of Jaipur).
14 Nov 1803                British protectorate.

Rulers (title Rao Raja)
Nov 1775 - 26 Sep 1791     Pratap Singh                       (b. 1740 - d. 1791)
                             (personally styled Maharao Rana Shri Sawai)
26 Sep 1791 - 27 Jan 1815  Bakhtawar Singh                    (b. 1779 - d. 1815)
27 Jan 1815 - 1832         Banni Singh                        (b. 1806 - d. 1857)
                           - jointly with following -
1815 - 1826                Balvant Singh                      (d. 1845)

Rulers (title Maharao Raja)
1832 - Aug 1857            Banni Singh                        (s.a.)
Aug 1857 - 11 Oct 1874     Shivdan Singh (installed 1867)     (b. 1845 - d. 1874)

1857 - 1863                .... -Regent
11 Oct 1874 - Apr 1889     Mangal Singh                       (b. 1859 - d. 1892)

Maharajas (title Raj Rishi Shri Sawai Maharaja)
Apr 1889 - 22 May 1892     Mangal Singh                       (s.a.)
22 May 1892 - 1933         Jai Singh                          (b. 1882 - d. 1937)
22 May 1892 - 10 Dec 1903  .... -Regent
1933 - 15 Aug 1947         Tej Singh (installed 22 Jul 1937)  (b. 1911)



Amarnagar

17 Sep 1883                Thana Devli State, known as Amarnagar, founded.

Rulers (title Darbar Shri Wala)
17 Sep 1883 - 12 May 1922  Laksman Meran       (b. 1849 - d. 1922)
12 Oct 1922 - 19..         Amra Laskman        (b. 1895)


Amb (Tanawal State): see Pakistani Princely States

Amber: see Jaipur
Angul 

1848                       Annexed to British India.

Rajas
.... - ....                Dhanujjaya Singh Jagadeo
.... - ....                Nityananda Singh Jagadeo
1803                       Krishna Chandra Singh Jagadeo
1803 - 1806                Achala Man Singh Jagadeo
1806 - 1809                Jarawar Singh
1809                       Jaya Singh
1809 - 1813                Prithvi Singh
1814 - 1848                Somanath Singh


Arakan: see Arakan, Shan, and Karen states of Burma


Arkat (Arcot/Carnatic)

[Arcot]

1692                        State of Arkat (Arcot) also called, Karnataka (Carnatic)
                              after the region it dominated, founded subordinate
                              to Haydarabad.
1692 - 1750                 French protectorate.
1763                        Independence recognized under British protectorate.
26 Jul 1801                 Arkat is de facto absorbed by the U.K. colonial government.
 7 Oct 1855                 State extinguished, annexed to British India.

Rulers (title Nawab Subadar)
1692 - 1703                Zulfikar Ali Khan
1703 - 1710                Daud Khan
1710 - 1732                Muhammad Saadatullah Khan I
1732 - 1740                Dost Ali Khan                      (d. 1740)
1740 - 1742                Safdar Ali Khan                    (d. 1742)
1742 - 1744                Muhammad Saadatullah Khan II       (d. 1746)
1744 - 31 Jul 1749         Anwaruddin Khan Bahadur            (b. c.1672 - d. 1749)
31 Jul 1749 - 16 Oct 1795  Muhammad Ali Anwar ud-din Khan     (b. 1717 - d. 1795)
                             Bahadur 
1750 - 1752                Husain Dost Khan (in opposition)
16 Oct 1795 - 15 Jul 1801  Ghulam Husain Ali Khan Bahadur     (b. 1748 - d. 1801)
31 Jul 1801 -  3 Aug 1819  Abdul Ali Khan Bahadur             (b. 1775 - d. 1819)
 3 Aug 1819 - 12 Nov 1825  Muhammad Munawwar Khan Bahadur     (b. 1797 - d. 1825)
23 Dec 1825 -  7 Oct 1855  Ghulam Muhammad Ghaus Khan Bahadur (b. 1824 - d. 1855)
12 Nov 1825 - 25 Aug 1842  Azim Jah Bahadur -Regent



Assam

1228                       The Ahom people (Ahom is a dialectal version of Assam).
                             found a state, frequently under Burmese suzerainty.
Mar 1817 - Apr 1817
       Occupied by Burma.
Mar 1819 - Jun 1825        Occupied by Burma.
1824 - 1826                Occupied by Britain.
24 Feb 1826                Burma formally cedes Assam to Briain
                             (incorporated in Bengal).
1832 - Oct 1838            A briefly revived Ahom state in Upper Assam.

Rajas
1681 - 1696                Gadadhar Singh
1696 - 1714                Rudra Singh 
1714 - 1744                Siva Singh (Xiba Xingha)
1744 - 1751                Pramatta Singh 
1751 - 1769                Rajesvar Singh
1769 - 1780                Sunyeopha Lakshmi Singh
1780 - 1792                Suhitpangpha Gaurinathasimha 
                             Juvaraja (1st time)
1792 - 1793                Baratha Singh Mahamari (1st time)
1793 - 1796                Sarvananda Singh
1796                       Baratha Singh Mahamari (2nd time)
1796 - 1808                Suhitpangpha Gaurinathasimha 
                             Juvaraja (2nd time)
1808 - 1809                Suklingpha Kamaleshvarasimha
1810 - 1818                Sudinpha Chandrakantasimha         (d. 182.)
                             Narendra (1st time)
1818 -  9 Mar 1819         Purendrasimha Narendra (1st time)
Mar 1819 - Apr 1821        Sudinpha Chandrakantasimha         (s.a.)
                             Narendra (2nd time) 
Apr 1821 - 1822            Yogeshvarasimha (1st time)
1822 - 21 Jun 1822         Sudinpha Chandrakantasimha         (s.a.)
                             Narendra (3rd time)
21 Jun 1822 - 1825         Mingyi Maha Thilawa -Burmese official  
1822 - 24 Feb 1826         Yogeshvarasimha (2nd time)
1832 - Oct 1838            Purendrasimha Narendra (2nd time)

British Commanders
1824                       George McMorine                    (b. 1763 - d. 1824)       
1824 - 1826                Arthur Richards
British Agent
1832 - 1838                Adam White                         (b. 1790 - d. 1839)  



Athgarh

13..                       Athgarh state founded.

Rajas
1681 - 1709                Karan Narayana Bawarta Patnaik
1709 - 1741                Karan Rama Krishna Bawarta Patnaik
1741 - 1771                Karan Debia Singh Bawarta Patnaik
1771 - 1821                Karan Gopinath Bawarta Patnaik
1821 - 1825                Karan Krishna Chandra Bawarta 
                             Patnaik
1825 - 1837                Karan Rama Chandra Bawarta 
1837 - 1862                Karan Bhubaneswar Bawarta Patnaik
1862 - 1868                Karan Jagunath Bawarta Patnaik     (b. c.1844 - d. ....)
1868 - 1893                Karan Bhagirathi Bawarta Patnaik 
1893 - 25 Jan 1896         Karan Raghunath Bawarta Patnaik
1896 - 22 Jun 1918         Karan Vishvanath Bawarta Patnaik
22 Jun 1918 - 15 Aug 1947  Karan Radhanath Bawarta Patnaik    (b. 1909)



Athmallik

1874                       Athmallik estate (jagir) is recognized as a state.

Rajas
1874 -  4 Feb 1877         Jogendra Samant                     (d. 1877)
 4 Feb 1877 - 1902         Narendra Deo Samant                 (b. c.1848 - d. 1902?)
                             (from 1890, personally styled Maharaja)
1902 -  3 Nov 1918         Bibhudendra Deo Samant              (d. 1918)
 3 Nov 1918 - 15 Aug 1947  Kishor Chandra Deo Samant           (b. 1904 - d. c.1971)
 3 Nov 1918 - 24 Dec 1925  
Cobden Ramsay -Regent



Aundh

[Aundh]

1690                       Aundh state founded.

Rulers (title Pant Pratinidhi)
1697 - 27 May 1718         Parusharam Trimbak                 (b. 1660 - d. 1718)
1718 - 25 Nov 1746         Shrinivasrao Parashuram            (d. 1746)
1746 - 1754                Jagjivanrao Parashuram
1754 -  5 Apr 1776         Shrinivasrao Gangadhar             (d. 1776)
1776 - 30 Aug 1777         Bhavanrao                          (d. 1777)
30 Aug 1777 - 11 Jun 1848  Parashuramrao Shrinivas            (b. 1777 - d. 1848)
11 Jun 1848 - 1901         Shrinivasrao Parashuram            (b. 1833 - d. 1901)
1901 - 1905                Parashuramrao Shrinivas
                             "Dada Sahib"                     (b. 1858 - d. 1905)
1905 -  4 Nov 1909         Gopalkrishnarao Parashuram
                             "Nana Sahib"
 4 Nov 1909 - 15 Aug 1947  Bhavanrao Shrinivas "Bala Sahib"   (b. 1868 - d. 1951)

Prime minister
1944 - 1948                Parshuram Rao Pant                 (b. 1912 - d. 1992) 


Avuku

1481                       Avuku state
1804                       Annexed to Haydarabad.

Rulers
1691 - 1735                Pedda Kumara Raghava
1735 - 1737                Appa Naransinha
1737 - 1739                Shellama
1739 - 1743                Narasinha II
1743 - 1751                Kishama
1751 - 1759                Olajapati II
1759 - 1767                Kumara Raghava
1767 - 1771                Venkata Narasinha
1771 - 1785                Narayana
1785 - 1805                Krishna



Awadh (Oudh)

[Awadh (Oudh)]
                 c.1842 - 13 Feb 1856

1732                       A senior official of the Mughal Empire establishes a
                             hereditary polity (under Mughal sovereignty) in Awadh (Oudh).
 1 May 1816                British protectorate.
 8 Oct 1819                The ruler takes the style of padshah (king), signaling 
                             formal independence.
 7 Feb 1856                King deposed and Awadh incorporated into British India.
 5 Jul 1857 -  3 Mar 1858  Brief rebellion by son of deposed king.

Rulers (title Subadar Nawab)
1732 - 19 Mar 1739         Borhan al-Molk Mir Mohammad Amin
                             Musawi Sa`adat `Ali Khan I       (b. c.1680 - d. 1739)
19 Mar 1739 - 28 Apr 1748  Abu´l Mansur Mohammad Moqim Khan
                             (1st time)                       (b. c.1708 - d. 1754)
Ruler (title Nawab Wazir al-Mamalik)
28 Apr 1748 - 13 May 1753  Abu´l Mansur Mohammad Moqim Khan   (s.a.)
                             (acting to 29 Jun 1748)
Rulers (title Subadar Nawab)
 5 Nov 1753 -  5 Oct 1754  Abu´l Mansur Mohammad Moqim Khan   (s.a.)
                             (2nd time) 
 5 Oct 1754 - 15 Feb 1762  Jalal ad-Din Shoja` ad-Dowla       (b. 1732 - d. 1775)
                             Haydar 
Rulers (title Nawab Wazir al-Mamalik)
15 Feb 1762 - 26 Jan 1775  Jalal ad-Din Shoja` ad-Dowla       (s.a.)
                             Haydar 
26 Jan 1775 - 21 Sep 1797  Asaf ad-Dowla Amani                (b. 1748 - d. 1797)
21 Sep 1797 - 21 Jan 1798  Mirza Wazir `Ali Khan              (b. 1780 - d. 1817)
21 Jan 1798 - 11 Jul 1814  Yamin ad-Dowla Nazem al-Molk
                             Sa`adat `Ali Khan II Bahadur     (b. bf.1752 - d. 1814)
11 Jul 1814 - 19 Oct 1818  Ghazi ad-Din Rafa`at ad-Dowla      (b. 1769 - d. 1827)
                             Abu´l-Mozaffar Haydar Khan
Kings (title Padshah-e Awadh, Shah-e Zaman)
19 Oct 1818 - 19 Oct 1827  Ghazi ad-Din Mo`izz ad-Din         (s.a.)
                             Abu´l-Mozaffar Haydar Shah 
19 Oct 1827 -  7 Jul 1837  Naser ad-Din Haydar Solayman       (b. 1803 - d. 1837)
                             Jah Shah 
 7 Jul 1837 - 17 May 1842  Mo`in ad-Din Abu´l-Fath Mohammad   (b. 1777 - d. 1842)
                             `Ali Shah 
17 May 1842 - 13 Feb 1847  Naser ad-Dowla Amjad `Ali Thorayya (b. 1801 - d. 1847)
                             Jah Shah 
13 Feb 1847 -  7 Feb 1856  Naser ad-Din `Abd al-Mansur        (b. 1822 - d. 1887)
                             Mohammad Wajed `Ali Shah 
 5 Jul 1857 -  3 Mar 1858  Berjis Qadr (in rebellion)         (b. 1845? - d. 1893)

British Residents in Lucknow
1772 - 1773                Samuel Middleton 
1773 - 1774                Nathaniel Middleton (1st time)     (d. 1807)
1774 - 1776                John Bristow (1st time)            (d. 1803)
1776 - 1779                Nathaniel Middleton (2nd time)     (s.a.)
1779 - 1780                Purling
1780 - 1781                John Bristow (2nd time)            (s.a.)
1781 - 1782                Nathaniel Middleton (3rd time)     (s.a.)
1782 - 31 Dec 1783         John Bristow (3rd time)            (s.a.)
1784 - 1794                Edward Otto Ives                   (b. 1754 - d. 1809) 
1795 - 1797?               George Frederick Cherry 
1797? - 1799               James Lumsden 
1799 - 1804                W. Scott 
1804 - 11 Jun 1807         John Ulrich Collins                (d. 1807)
1807 - 1816                John Baillie
1816 - 1817                Richard Strachey
1818 - 1820                J. Monckton 
1820 - 1823                Felix Vincent Raper
1823 - 1827                Mordaunt Ricketts                  (b. 1786 - d. 1862)
1829 - 1831                Thomas Herbert Maddock             (b. 1790 - d. 1870)
1831 - 1842                John Low                           (b. 1788 - d. 1880)
1839 - 1841                James Caulfield (acting for Low) 
1842 - 1843                William Nott                       (b. 1782 - d. 1845)
Dec 1843 - 1844            George Pollock                     (b. 1786 - d. 1872)
1844 - 1849?               Archibald Richmond 
1849 - 1854                William Henry Sleeman              (b. 1788 - d. 1856)
1854 - 1856                James Outram                       (b. 1803 - d. 1863)
Commissioners of Lucknow 
1856                       James Outram                       (s.a.)
1856 - 1857                Henry Montgomery Lawrence          (b. 1806 - d. 1857)
1858 - 1863                Saunders A. Abbott                 (b. 1811 - d. 1894)             


Baad: see Idar


Baghal

c.1643                     Baghal state founded.
1803 - 1815                Occupied by Nepal.

Rulers (title Rana)
1670 - 1727                Prithvi Chand
1727 - 1743                Mehar Chand
1743 - 1778                Bhup Chand
1778 - 1803                Jagat Singh (1st time)
                            (in Nalagarh exile 1803 - 1815)
1803 - 1815                occupied by Nepal
 3 Sep 1815 - 1828         Jagat Singh (2nd time)
1828 - 1840                Shiv Saran Singh
1840 - 12 Mar 1875         Kishan Singh                       (d. 1877)
                            (personal style Raja 1860?)
Rajas
12 Mar 1875 - 23 Jul 1877  Kishan Singh                       (s.a.)
Jul 1877 - 12 Oct 1877     Moti Singh                         (d. 1877)
1877 - 1904                Dhian Singh                        (b. 1841? - d. 1904)
23 Apr 1904 -  3 Oct 1922  Bikram Singh                       (b. 1893 - d. 1922)
 3 Oct 1922 - 21 Dec 1945  Surendra Singh                     (b. 1909 - d. 1945)
21 Dec 1945 - 15 Aug 1947  Rajendra Singh                     (b. 1928)



Baghat

Middle Ages                Baghat state founded.
1839 - 1842                Part of British India.
1849 - 1861                Part of British India.

Rulers (title Rana)
1803 - 11 Jul 1839         Mohindar Singh                     (d. 1839)
1839 - 1842                part of British India
1842 - Jan 1849            Bije Singh                         (d. 1849)
1849 - 1861                part of British India
1861                       Umaid Singh                        (b. 1825 - d. 1861)
1861 - 30 Dec 1911         Dhalip Singh                       (b. 1860 - d. 1911)
1911 -  4 Jun 1928         Durga Singh                        (b. 1901 - d. 1977)
Raja
 4 Jun 1928 - 15 Aug 1947  Durga Singh                        (s.a.)


Bahawalpur: see Pakistani Princely States


Balasinor

[Balasinor]

28 Sep 1758                Balasinor state founded.

Rulers (title Nawab Shri Babi)
28 Sep 1758 - 17..         Muhammad Khanji Bahadur Khanji
17.. - ....                Jamiyat Khanji Muhammad Khanji
.... - May 1820            Salabat Khanji Jamiyat Khanji      (d. 1820)
May 1820 - 1822            Abid Khanji
1822 -  2 Dec 1831         Jalal Khanji (Edal Khanji)         (d. 1831)
 2 Dec 1831 - 30 Nov 1882  Zorawar Khanji                     (b. 1828 - d. 1882)
 2 Dec 1831 - 20 May 1841  Shri Yamuna Bibi                   (d. 1841)
                             Sahiba (f) -Regent
30 Nov 1882 - 24 Mar 1899  Munawar Khanji Zorawar Khanji      (b. 1846 - d. 1899)
24 Mar 1899 -  2 Feb 1945  Jamiyat Khanji Munawar Khanji      (b. 1894 - d. 1945)
                             (suspended from Feb 1938)
24 Mar 1899 -  9 Nov 1915  .... -Regent

 2 Feb 1945 - 15 Aug 1947  Muhammad Salabat Khan II           (b. 1944)
 2 Feb 1945 - 15 Aug 1947  .... -Regent



Balsan

1803 - 1815                Occupied by Nepal.

Rulers (title Thakur)
.... - ....                Jai Singh
.... - 1815                Dharam Singh
1815 - 1858                Jog Raj                            (b. 1800 - d. 1867)
Rulers (title Rana)
1858 - 1867                Jog Raj                            (s.a.)
1867 - 17 Nov 1884         Bhup Singh                         (d. 1884)
1884 - 1918                Bir Singh                          (b. 1860 - d. ....)
1918 - May 1936            Atar Singh                         (b. 1868 - d. ....)
May 1936 - 1943            Ran Bahadur Singh                  (b. 1905)
1943 - 15 Aug 1947         Vidyabushn Singh                   (b. 1938 - d. 1979)


Baltistan: see Pakistani Princely States


Bamra

c.1602                     Bamra state founded according to legend.

Rajas
.... - ....                Bibhuti Deb
.... - ....                Hadu Deb
.... - ....                Chandra Sekhar Deb
1803?                      Pratap Arudra Deb
18.. - 1820                Arjuna Deb
1820 - 1832                Balunka Brusabha Deb
1832                       Khageswar Deb
1832 - May 1869            Braja Sundar Deb
12 May 1869 - 19 Nov 1903  Basu Deb Sudhal Deb                (b. 1850 - d. 1903)
1903 - 11 Mar 1916         Satchitananda Tribhuban Deb
1916 -  1 Jan 1920         Dibyashankar Sudhal Deb            (d. 1920)
 1 Jan 1920 - 15 Aug 1947  Bhanuganga Tribhuban Deb           (b. 1914 - d. ....)



Banaras (Benares)

[Banaras (Benares)]

....                       Kashi (or Banaras) state
1194                       Part of Oudh.
1740                       Estate transformed into Banaras state.
15 Aug 1947                Accedes to India, renamed Varanasi.

Rajas
1740 - 19 Aug 1770         Balwant Singh                      (b. 1717 - d. 1770)
1770 - 1781                Chait Singh                        (d. 1810)
Sep 1781 - Sep 1794        Mahip Narayan Singh                (d. 1794)
1794 - Mar 1835            Udit Narayan Singh                 (d. 1835)
1835 - 13 Jun 1889         Ishvari Prasad Narayan Singh       (b. 1822 - d. 1889)
1889 - 1918                Prabhu Narayan Singh               (b. 1855 - d. 1931)
Rulers (title Maharaja Bahadur)
1918 -  4 Aug 1931         Prabhu Narayan Singh               (s.a.)
 4 Aug 1931 -  5 Apr 1939  Aditya Narayan Singh               (b. 1874 - d. 1939)
 5 Apr 1939 - 15 Aug 1947  Vibhuti Narayan Singh              (b. 1927 - d. 2000)



Banda 

1790                       Banda state founded.
1858                       Annexed by British India.

Rulers (title Nawab)
1790 - 1802                Ali Bahadur I
1802                       Zulfiqar Ali (1st time)
1802 - 1825                Shamsher Bahadur
1825 - 1850                Zulfiqar Ali (2nd time)
1850 - 1858                Ali Bahadur II                     (d. 1873)


Bandhora: see Jaso

Bangala: see Bangladesh


Banganapalle

[Banganapalle]

1665                       Banganapalle estate founded.
1783 - 1790                Annexed by Mahisur (Mysore).
1790                       Banganapalle liberated from Mahisur (Mysore), becomes a state.
1831 - 12 Jul 1848         Nominally annexed by Haydarabad (Hyderabad),
                             but under British administration.
 1 Feb 1905 - 21 Apr 1905  Administered by British India.
1939 - 15 Aug 1947
        Administered by British India.

Rulers (title Kiladar)
1686 - 1758                Fadli `Ali Khan I                  (d. 1758)
1758 -  7 Apr 1769         Fadli `Ali Khan II                 (b. 1749 - d. 1769)
1758 - 1767                Muhammad Beg Khan-i-Lang -Regent
 7 Apr 1769 - 26 Aug 1783  Hosayn `Ali Khan                   (d. 1783)
26 Aug 1783 - 1784         Gholam `Ali Khan I (1st time)      (d. 1825)
1784 - 1790                annexed to Mahisur (Mysore)
1784 - 1790                Muhammad Yusuf -Administrator
1790 - 1814                Mozaffar al-Molk Asad `Ali Khan
                           - jointly with following-
1790 -  8 Sep 1822         Gholam `Ali Khan I (2nd time)      (s.a.)
 8 Sep 1822 - 1831         Hosayn `Ali Khan (1st time)        (d. 1848)
12 Jul 1848 - 1848         Hosayn `Ali Khan (2nd time)        (s.a.)

1848 -  7 Oct 1868         Gholam Mohammad `Ali Khan II       (d. 1868)
 7 Oct 1868 - 24 Jan 1876  Fath `Ali Khan                     (b. 1849 - d. 1905)
Rulers (title Nawab)
24 Jan 1876 - 21 Apr 1905  Fath `Ali Khan                     (s.a.)
21 Apr 1905 - 22 Jan 1922  Gholam `Ali Khan III               (b. 1874 - d. 1922)
21 Apr 1905 - 12 Dec 1908  .... -Regent
22 Jan 1922 - 15 Aug 1947  Fadli `Ali Khan III                (b. 1901 - d. 1948)

                             (forced to reside outside state 1939 - 1947)



Bansda

[Bansda]

Rulers (title Raja Sahib; from 1876 Maharaja Sahib)
.... - 1701                Udaisimhji II
1701 - 1716                Virsimhji I
1716 - 1739                Ralbhamji
1739 - 1753                Ghulabsimhji I
1753 - 1770                Udaisimhji III
1770 - 1780                Kiratsimhji Las
1780 - 1789                Virsimhji II
1793 - 1815                Raisimhji
1815 - 1829                Udaisimhji IV 
1829 - 16 Jun 1861         Hamirsimhji
1862 - 1876                Ghulabsimhji II
 6 Mar 1876 - 21 Sep 1911  Pratapsimhji Ghulabsimhji          (b. 1863 - d. 1911)
21 Sep 1911 - 15 Aug 1947  Indrasimhji Pratapsimhji           (b. 1888 - d. 1951)



Banswara

[Banswara]

1527                       Banswara state founded.
16 Nov 1818                British protectorate.

Rulers (title Rawal, from 1747 Maharawal)
1688 - 1702                Ajab Singh
1702 - 1713                Bhim Singh                         (d. 1713)
1713 - 1737                Bishan Singh                       (d. 1737)
1737 - 1747                Udai Singh II                      (d. 1747)
1747 - 1786                Prithvi Singh                      (d. 1786)
1786 - 1816                Bijai Singh                        (b. 17.. - d. 1816)
1816 - 1819                Umaid Singh                        (d. 1819)
1819 -  6 Nov 1838         Bhawani Singh                      (b. c.1803 - d. 1838)
1838 -  2 Feb 1844         Bahadur Singh                      (b. c.1788 - d. 1844)
1844 - 29 Apr 1905         Lakshman Singh                     (b. 1835 - d. 1905)
1905 -  8 Jan 1914         Shambhu Singh                      (b. 1868 - d. 1914)
Rulers (title Sri Raj-i-Rajan Maharawal)
 8 Jan 1914 - 28 Jul 1944  Prithvi Singh                      (b. 1888 - d. 1944)

29 Nov 1944 - 15 Aug 1947  Chandra Vir Singh                  (b. 1909 - d. 1985)


Bantva-Manavadar: see Manavadar


Baoni

[Baoni-Bundelkhand]

1784                       Baoni state founded.
1806                       British protectorate.

Rulers (title Nawab)
1784 -  1 Sep 1800         `Emad al-Molk Ghazi ad-Din Khan    (b. 1736 - d. 1800)
 1 Sep 1800 - 11 May 1815  Naser ad-Dowla                     (b. c.1756 - d. 1815)
11 May 1815 - 18 Oct 1838  Amir al-Molk                       (d. 1838)
18 Oct 1838 - 18 Aug 1859  Mohammad Hosayn                    (d. 1859)
18 Aug 1859 -  5 Oct 1883  Emam ad-Dowla Hosayn               (d. 1895)
 5 Oct 1883 -  2 Aug 1894  Mohammad Hasan Khan                (b. 1863 - d. 1894)
 2 Aug 1894 - 27 Oct 1911  Riaz al-Hasan Khan                 (b. 1876 - d. 1911)
27 Oct 1911 - 15 Aug 1947  Mohammad Moshtaq al-Hasan Khan     (b. 1896 - d. 1977)



Baramba

[Baramba]

1305                       Baramba state founded.

Rulers (title Rawat)
1679 - 1711                Balabhadra Mangaraj
1711 - 1743                Fakir Mangaraj
1743 - 1748                Banadhar Mangaraj
1748 - 1793                Padmanava Birbar Mangaraj
1793 - 1842                Pindik Birbar Mangaraj Mahapatra
1842 - 1869                Gopinath Birbar Mangaraj
1869 - 1874                Daswanathi Birbar Mangaraj
                             Mahapatra
Rajas
1874 - 1881                Daswanathi Birbar Mangaraj
                             Mahapatra
15 Jul 1881 - 20 Aug 1922  Bishambhar Birbar Mangaraj         (b. 1880 - d. ....)
                             Mahapatra
20 Aug 1922 - 15 Aug 1947  Narayan Chandra Birbar Mangaraj
                             Mahapatra                        (b. 1914 - d. 1954)
20 Aug 1922 - 16 Jan 1935  .... -Regent



Baraundha Pathar Kachhar

bf.1549                     Baraundha Pathar Kachhar state founded.

Rulers (title Thakur)
1790 - 1827                 Mohan Singh                        (d. 1827)
1827 - 1867                 Sarabjit Singh
1867 - 1870                 Dharampal Singh
1870 - 1874                 Chhatarpal Singh                   (d. 1874)
1874 - 1886                 Raghubar Dayal Singh               (d. 1886)
                             (personal style Raja Bahadur from 1877)
18 Aug 1886 -  8 Jul 1908   Pratap Singh                       (b. 1847 - d. 1930)
Rajas 
 8 Jul 1908 - 1930          Pratap Singh                       (s.a.)
1930 - 1933                 Gaya Prasad Singh                  (b. 1865 - d. 1933)
1933 - 15 Aug 1947          Ram Pratap Singh                   (d. af.1970)



Bariya (Baria)

[Baria (Bariya)]

Rajas
.... - 1720                Mansimhji
1720 - 1732                Interregnum
1732 - 17..                Prithiraj
.... - ....                Rayadharji
.... - ....                Gangdasji
.... - ....                Gambhirsimhji
.... - ....                Dhiratsimhji
.... - ....                Sahibsimhji
1803?                      Jashwantsimhji
18.. - Aug 1819            Ganga Das                          (d. 1819)
1819                       Bhimsimhji Ganga Das
1819 - 1864                Prithirajji Ganga Das
Rulers (title Maharawal)
 5 Mar 1864 - 25 Feb 1908  Mansimhji Prithirajji              (b. 1855 - d. 1908)
25 Feb 1908 - 15 Aug 1947  Ranjitsimhji Mansimhji             (b. 1886 - d. 1949)



Baroda
 
[Baroda]
[Baroda c.1875 - 1936  Maharaja's flag]
           c.1875 - 1936  Maharaja's flag
[Baroda 1936 - 1947  Maharaja's flag]
           1936 - 1947  Maharaja's flag
[Baroda Merchant Flag 1924-1947]
         10 Oct 1924 - 15 Aug 1947  Merchant Flag


Apr 1721                   Baroda state founded by Mahratta general.
1780                       British protectorate.

Rulers (title Maharaja Gaekwar)
Apr 1721 - 14 May 1732     Pilaji Rao Gaekwar                 (d. 1732)
14 May 1732 - 18 Aug 1768  Damaji Rao II Gaekwar              (d. 1768)
18 Aug 1768 - 1771         Govind Rao Gaekwar (1st time)      (d. 1778)
1771 - 1774                Sayaji Rao I Gaekwar (1st time)
1771 - 1774                Fateh Singh Rao Gaekwar -Regent    (d. 1789)
                             (1st time)
1774 - 1778                Govind Rao Gaekwar (2nd time)      (s.a.)
1778 - 1792                Sayaji Rao I Gaekwar (2nd time)
1778 - 1779                Fateh Singh Rao Gaekwar -Regent    (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
1779 - 1792                Manaji Rao Gaekwar -Regent         (d. 1793)
1792 - 27 Jul 1793         Manaji Rao Gaekwar                 (s.a.)
27 Jul 1793 - 19 Sep 1800  Govind Rao Gaekwar                 (b. 17.. - d. 1800)
19 Sep 1800 -  2 Oct 1819  Anand Rao Gaekwar                  (b. 17.. - d. 1819)
19 Sep 1800 - 23 Jun 1818  Fateh Singh Rao Gaekwar -Regent    (b. 1769 - d. 1818)
23 Jun 1818 -  2 Oct 1819  Sayaji Rao Gaekwar -Regent         (b. 1800 - d. 1847)
 2 Oct 1819 - 28 Dec 1847  Sayaji Rao II Gaekwar              (s.a.)
28 Dec 1847 - 19 Nov 1856  Ganpat Rao Gaekwar                 (b. 1816 - d. 1856)
19 Nov 1856 - 28 Nov 1870  Khande Rao Gaekwar                 (b. 1828 - d. 1870)
28 Nov 1870 - 19 Apr 1875  Malhar Rao Gaekwar                 (b. 1831 - d. 1882)
                             (regent to 5 Jul 1871; suspended from 13 Jan 1875)
19 Apr 1875 - 25 May 1875  Madhav Rao Tanjochkar
                             (chairman regency council)
25 May 1875 -  6 Feb 1939  Sayaji Rao III Gaekwar             (b. 1863 - d. 1939)
25 May 1875 - 28 Dec 1881  Jamna Bai Sahib Gaekwar (f)-Regent (b. 1853 - d. 1898)
 6 Feb 1939 - 15 Aug 1947  Pratap Singh Rao Gaekwar           (b. 1908 - d. 1968)

Dewans
1743 - 17..                Diwanji Takapir 
                           + Mahadaji Govind Kakirde
17.. - 17..                Madhav Nimbaji Vanikar
17.. - 17..                Ramchandra Basvant
17.. - 17..                Balaji Yamaji
                             (acting for
Basvant)
17.. - 17..                Gopal Naik Tambekar
c.1777                     Antaji Ganesh
17.. - 1780                Govind Pandit
17.. - 17..                Hiramand (acting)
17.. - 17..                Baloba
17.. - 17..                Gumaji Patel
c.1787                     Ramchandra Bhaskar

Dec 1793 - 20 Sep 1800    
Raoji Appaji (1st time)
20 Sep 1800 - 27 Jan 1801  Shrimant Sardar Khanjirao
                             Maharaja Sahib Gaekwar
27 Jan 1801 - 18 Jul 1803  Raoji Appaji (2nd time)
1803 - 1807                Sitaram Raoji
1807 - Nov 1810            Babaji Rao
1810 - 1812                Vithalrao Bhau (1st time)
                             (Vithal Rao Bhau)
1812 - 14 Jul 1815         Gangadhar Shastri                   (d. 1815)
Jul 1815 - Oct 1819        Bhimashankar
12 Oct 1819 - Jan 1820     Dhakji Dadaji
Jan? 1820 - 1828           Vithalrao Bhau
(2nd time)
                           +
Vithalrao Devaji
                             (from 1820)
1828 - 1829                Veniram Aditram
                           + Prabhaka Dikshit
1829 - 1833                Gopal Atmaram Devadar
1833 - 28 Nov 1839         Veniram Aditram

1839 - 1848                Vacant
1848 - 1849                Balasaheb Dhaibar
1849 - 1854                Bhau Tambekar
1854 - 10 Nov 1867         
Govindrav Pandurang Rode
                           + Ganesh Sadashiv Ojhe (to Mar 1861)
17 Nov 1867 - 24 Nov 1869  Bhau Shinde
25 Nov 1869 - Nov 1870     Nimbaji Rao Dhole
(or Davale)
                             (acting)
Nov 1870 - Mar 1871        Hariba Gaikvad
22 Mar 1871 - 1872         Gopal Rav Mairal                   (d. 1872)

Nov 1872? - Mar 1873?      Balvantrav (Balwant Rao) Khanvelkar
 4 Aug 1874 - Jan 1875     Dadabhai Naoroji
10 May 1875 - 1882         T. Madhava Rao 
29 Sep 1882 - 31 Jul 1886  Khan Bahadur Kazi Shahabuddin
 1 Aug 1886 - 30 May 1890  
Bahadur Lakshman Jagannath Vaidya
31 May 1890 - 21 Nov 1895  
Manibhai Jasbhai
15 Jul 1896 -  2 Oct 1901  S. Shrinivas Raghava Iyengar
 3 Oct 1901 - 30 Jun 1904
 R.V. Dhamnaskar
 1 Jul 1904 - 28 Feb 1909  
Kersaspji Rustamji Dadachanji
 1 Jun 1909 - 30 Nov 1909  Shri Romesh Chunder Dutt
 1 Dec 1909 -  3 Jan 1912  C.N. Seddon
 1 Dec 1912 - 16 Mar 1914  Bihari Lal Gupta                   (b. 1849 - d. 1916)
17 Mar 1914 -  7 May 1916  Vishvanatha Patankar Madhava Rao
 9 May 1916 - 1927         Manubhai Nandshankar Mehta
1927 - 1945                T. Krishnamachari
Jan 1945 - 1947            Brojendra Lal Mitter 
1947                       Jivraj N. Mehta 
  

British Residents
1802 - 1805                Alexander Walker
1808 - 1819                James Rivett-Carnac                (b. 1785 - d. 1846)
                             (acting to 1811)
1819 - 1820                John P. Willoughby (acting)
Mar 1820 - 1837            James Williams
Nov 1837 - 1840            James Sutherland
26 Jun 1840 - 1844         William Sprot Boyd                 (b. 1799 - d. 1845)
1844 - 1845                T. Ogilvie (acting)
Jul 1845 - 1846            Robert Keith Arbuthnot             (b. 1801 - d. 1873)
Apr 1846 - May 1847        William Charles Andrews
May 1847 - May 1850        James Outram (1st time)            (b. 1803 - d. 1863)
Oct 1848 - May 1850        Patrick Theodor French
                             (acting for Outram)
Jan 1852 - Jun 1852        J.M. Davies
Jun 1852 - May 1854
       James Outram (2nd time)            (s.a.)
Jun 1852 - Mar 1854        G.B. Seton Karr
                             (acting for Outram)
May 1854 - Nov 1855        D.A. Malcolm

Feb 1856 - Mar 1857        Cuthbert Davidson                  (b. 1810 - d. 1862)
May 1857 - 1859            Sir Richmond Campbell Shakespear   (b. 1812 - d. 1861)
Aug 1859 - Jan 1866        R. Wallace
Jan 1866 - May 1867        J.T. Barr
May 1867 - Nov 1867        E.P. Arthur (acting)
Nov 1867 - Apr 1872        Barr (2nd time)
Apr 1872 - Mar 1873        A.G. Shortt (acting)

Mar 1873 - Nov 1874        Robert Phayre                      (b. 1820 - d. 1897)
25 Nov 1874 - Apr 1875     Lewis Pelley                       (b. 1825 - d. 1892)
18 Apr 1875 - Oct 1875     Richard John Meade                 (b. 1821 - d. 1899)
Oct 1875 - Jan 1882        Philipp Sandys Melvill             (b. 1827 - d. 19..)
1882 - 1886                John Watson
Apr 1886 - Nov 1887        James Cavan Berkeley
1887 - 1889                Sir Oliver Beauchamp Coventry      (b. 1837 - d. 1891)
                             St. John 
1889 - May 1891            Harry North Dalrymple Prendergast  (b. 1834 - d. 1913)
1891 - 1893                Edward Swalman Reynolds
Jan 1893 - Jul 1895        John Biddulph                      (b. 1840 - d. 1922)
Jul 1895 - Jul 1899?       Norton Charles Martelli
1899 - 1901                Charles Withers Ravenshaw          (b. 1835 - d. 1935)
Nov 1901 - Feb 1909        Malcolm John Meade                 (b. 1854 - d. 1933)
1909 - 1912                Henry Venn Cobb                    (b. 1864 - d. 1949)
May 1912 - Jun 1917        Lawrence Impey                     (b. 1862 - d. 1944)

1917 - 1918                C.L. Russell (or Kenneth S. Fitze)
                             (acting)
1918 - 1919                Charles Lennox Russell
1919 - 1920                William Barton
1920                       Charles Joseph Windham             (b. 1867 - d. 1941)
1920 - 1921                Denys B. Blakeway                  (b. 1870 - d. 19..)
1922 - 1923                Reginald Glancy
1923 - 1927                Herbert Kealy
1927 - 1929                Richard J.C. Burke
1930 - 1932                Frederick M. Bailey
1932 - 1933                Arthur Cunningham Lothian          (b. 1887 - d. 1962)
1933 - 1937                James Leslie Rose Weir
1933 - 1939?               Elliott James Dowell Colvin        (b. 1885 - d. 1950)
1939 - 1940                Clive K. Daly

1940 - 1942                Cosmo G.N. Edwards
1943 - 1944                Lionel W. Jardine
 5 Nov 1944 -  6 May 1947  Cyril P. Hancock                   (b. 1896 - d. 1990)
                             (acting to 4 Jul 1945)
 7 May 1947 - 14 Aug 1947  L.G. Coke-Wallis



Barwani

[Barwani]

bf.1500                    Barwani state founded.
1861 - 1873                British India administration.

Rulers (title Rana)
1675 - 1700                Jodh Singh                         (d. 1700)
1700 - 1708                Parbat Singh                       (d. 1708)
1708 - 1730                Mohan Singh I                      (d. 1731)
1730 - 1760                Anup Singh                         (d. 1760)
1760 - 1794                Umed Singh                         (d. 1794)
1794 - 1839                Mohan Singh II                     (d. 1839)
1839 - 1861                Jashwant Singh (1st time)          (d. 1880)
1861 - 1873                Vacant
1873 - 1880                Jashwant Singh (2nd time)          (s.a.)
15 Aug 1880 - 1894         Indrajit Singh                     (b. 1840 - d. 1894)
14 Dec 1894 - 21 Apr 1930  Ranjit Singh                       (b. 1888 - d. 1930)
21 Apr 1930 - 15 Aug 1947  Devi Sahib Singhji                 (b. 1922 - d. 2007)



Bashahr

1412                       Bashahr state founded.
1803 - 1815                Occupied by Nepal.

Ruler (title Rana)
.... - 1708                Vijay Singh
1708 - 1725                Udai Singh
1725 - 1761                Ram Singh                           (d. 1761)
1761 - 1785                Rudar Singh
1785 - 1803                Ugar Singh                          (d. 1810)
1803 - 1815                occupied by Nepal
Rajas
1815 - 1850                Mahendra Singh                      (b. 1809 - d. 1850)
1850 - 1887