Colombia
 

to 14 Jul 1811; jul 1816 - 17 Dec 1819	14 Jul 1811 - 26 Apr 1814	26 Apr 1814 - 14 Nov 1815
14 Nov 1815 - Jul 1816	17 Dec 1819 - 9 May 1834	9 May 1834 - 17 Apr 1854,         4 Dec 1854 - 26 Jul 1861 State flag
17 Apr 1854 - 4 Dec 1854 State Flag	9 May 1834 - 26 Jul 1861 Civil Ensign	26 Jul 1861 - 26 Nov 1861
Adopted 26 Nov 1861

Map of Colombia Hear National Anthem "Oh! Gloria inmarcesible!" (Oh Unfading Glory!) Text of National Anthem  Anthem Adopted 1920 Constitution (5 Jul 1991) (1821and 1886 constitutions) Capital: Bogota Currency: Colombian Peso (COP) National Holiday: 20 Jul (1810) Independence Day Population: 45,013,672 (2008) GDP: $399.4 billion (2008) Exports: $41 billion (2008) Imports: $38.8 billion (2008)  Ethnic groups: mestizo 47.3%, white 20%, mulatto 23%, black 6%, mixed black-Amerindian 1%, Amerindian 2% (2000) Total Active Armed Forces: 207,000 (2006) Merchant marine: 17 ships (2008) Religions: Roman Catholic 92.5%, Protestant 2.8%, other Christian 2.4%, Mormon 0.3%, Muslim 0.2%, other 1.8% (2005)  International Organizations/Treaties: ACS, ACTO, ANT, APM, BCIE (nonregional), BTWC, CAN, Caricom (observer), CDB, CTBT, FAO, G-3, G-15, G-24, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, ICSID, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, KP, LAES, LAIA, LAP, LU, Mercosur (associate), MIGA, NAM, NPT, NTBT, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, RG, SEGIB, UN, UNASUR, UNCLOS (signatory), UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFCC, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO Colombia Index Chronology 1509 - 1520                Spanish colonize area; Nueva Reino de Granada                              or simply Nueva Granada (New Granada)(modern                               Colombia, Ecuador, and Venezuela). 29 Jul 1525                Santa Marta founded by Spain.  1 Jun 1533                Cartagena de Indias founded.  6 Aug 1538                Santa Fé de Bogotá founded. 17 Jul 1549                Audiencia of Santa Fé de Bogotá founded, part of                              the Viceroyalty of Peru (incl. Cartagena de                               Indias, Santa Marta, and Popayán [to 1563]). 27 May 1717                Viceroyalty of Santa Fé del Nuevo Reino de Granada                              separated from Peru (effective 1718)(incl. Nueva                              Andalucía, Guyana, Venezuela, Mérida-La Grita,                              Popayán, Quito [see Ecuador], Cartagena de                               Indias and Santa Marta). 11 May 1724 - 20 Aug 1739  Re-incorporated into Peru, viceroyalty suppressed. 20 Aug 1739                Viceroyalty of Nueva Granada (restored)(includes                              former jurisdictions plus Panama).  8 Sep 1777                Captaincy-general of Venezuela detached (incl.                              Nueva Andalucía, Guyana, Venezuela, and                               Mérida-La Grita).  4 Apr 1811                Local juntas, acting nominally in favor of deposed                              King Fernando VII dethroned by Napoleon, depose                              the viceroy and set up local rule (Panama and                              Santiago remain loyal to Spain). 27 Nov 1811                Federated Provinces of New Grenada  4 Oct 1812                United Provinces of New Granada Dec 1815 - Jul 1816        Reconquest by Spain. 17 Dec 1819                Republic of Colombia (independence from Spain). 21 Nov 1831                Dissolution into New Granada, Venezuela,                               and Ecuador. 21 Nov 1831                State of New Granada 20 Apr 1843                Republic of New Granada 22 May 1858                Granadine Confederation 18 Jul 1861                United States of New Granada 20 Sep 1861                United States of Colombia  5 Aug 1886                Republic of Colombia  4 Nov 1903                Independence of Panama.  8 Sep 1972                Quita Sueño Bank, Roncador Cay and Serrana Bank                              transferred to Colombia by the U.S. (effective                              17 Sep 1981); but not the Serranilla Bank. Colombia (since 1831) States (1855-1886) and Panama (1822-1903) Viceroyalty of New Granada (1694-1821)  Cundinamarca (1811-1814)  Cartagena (1810-1812)  Antioquia (1810-1815) Tunja (1812) United Provinces (1812-1816) Gran Colombia (1819-1831) Santa Catalina (1628-1689) Historical Maps of Colombia

New Granada 

Governors
1538 - 1539                Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada y        (b. 1509 - d. 1579)
                             Rivera
1539 - 1542                Hernán Pérez de Quesada
1542 - 1545                Alonso Luis de Lugo
1545                       Luis Montalvo de Lugo
1545 - 1547                Pedro de Ursúa
1547 - 1550                Miguel Díez de Armendáriz
Governor-Presidents
1550 - 1554                Audiencia
1564 - 1574                Andrés Díaz Venero de Leiva         (d. 1578) 
1574 - 1575                Gedeón de Hinojosa 
23 Mar 1575 - 13 Dec 1575  Francisco Briceño                   (d. 1575) 
1575 - 1578                Audiencia
1578 - 1580                Lope Díez Aux de Armendáriz         (d. 1584) 
1580 - 1582                Juan Bautista Monzón 
1582 - 1585                Juan Prieto de Orellana 
1585 - 1590                Francisco Javier Guillén Chaparro   (b. 15.. - d. 1601) 
1590 - 1597                Antonio González 
1597 - 1602                Francisco de Sande Picón            (b. 1540 - d. 1602)
1602 - 1605                Nuno Núñez de Villavicencio
1605 - 1628                Juan de Borja y Armendía            (d. 1628)
1628 - 1630                Audiencia
1630 - 1637                Sancho Girón de Narváez,
                             marqués de Sofraga
1637 - 1645                Martín de Saavedra Galindo de       (b. 1594 - d. 1654)
                             Guzmán
23 Dec 1645 - 1654         Juan Fernández de Córdoba y Coalla, (d. 1664)
                             marqués de Miranda de Auta
1654 - 1659                Dionisio Pérez Manrique,            (b. 1598? - d. 1678) 
                             marqués de Santiago (1st time)
1659 - 1660                Juan Cornejo 
1660 - 1662                Dionisio Pérez Manrique, 
                             marqués de Santiago (2nd time)    (s.a.)
1662 - Dec 1664            Diego de Egües y Beaumont           (d. 1664) 
Dec 1664 - 1666            Francisco de Leyva (acting)
1666 - 1667                Diego del Corro y Carrascal         (d. 1673) 
1667 - 1671                Diego de Villalba y Toledo
 2 Jun 1671 - 1674         Melchor de Liñán y Cisneros         (b. 1629 - d. 1708) 
1674 - 1678                Audiencia
1678 - Nov 1685            Francisco del Castillo de la Concha (d. 1685) 
Nov 1685 - Sep 1686        Sebastián Alfonso de Velasco
1686 - May 1691            Gil de Cabrera y Davalos (1st time) (b. 1646 - d. 1712)
May 1691 - Feb 1694        José Merlo de la Fuente (acting)
Feb 1694 - 1703            Gil de Cabrera y Davalos (2nd time) (s.a.)
1703 - Sep 1710            Diego de Córdoba Lasso de la Vega   (b. 16.. - d. 1720)
                             (1st time) 
1710 - 1711                Francisco Cossío y Otero            (b. 1644 - d. 1714)
Jun 1711 - Feb 1712        Diego de Córdoba Lasso de la Vega   (s.a.)
                             (2nd time) 
1712 - 1715                Francisco Meneses Bravo de Saravia  (b. 1669 - d. 1723)
Oct 1715 - Apr 1717        Nicolas Infante de Venegas (1st time)
                             (acting)
23 Apr 1717 - 1717         Francisco del Rincón,               (b. 1650 - d. 1723)
                             arzobispo de Santa Fé de Bogotá 
                             (1st time) (acting)
1717                       Nicolás Infante de Venegas (2nd time)
                             (acting)
1717 - 13 Jun 1718         Francisco del Rincón,               (s.a.)
                             arzobispo de Santa Fé de Bogotá 
                             (2nd time)
Viceroys
13 Jun 1718 - 25 Nov 1719  Antonio Ignacio de la Pedrosa y    (b. c.1660 - d. 17..)
                             Guerrero (acting)
25 Nov 1719 - 11 May 1724  Jorge de Villalonga, conde de      (b. 1665 - d. 1735) 
                             la Cueva
Governor/Presidents
May 1724 - Feb 1731        Antonio Manso Maldonado            (d. 1778)
1731 - May 1733            Civil Commissioners of the Audiencia
                           - José Martínez Malo
                           - José Quintana Acebedo
                           - Jorge Lozano y Peralta
                           - José Castilla
1733 - 20 Apr 1737         Rafael de Eslava y Lazaga           (b. 1695 - d. 1737)
20 Apr 1737 - 20 Aug 1738  .... (acting)
20 Aug 1738 -  1 Sep 1738  Antonio González Manrique           (b. 1695 - d. 1738)
1739 - 24 Apr 1740         Francisco González Manrique         (d. 1747)
Viceroys
24 Apr 1740 -  6 Nov 1749  Sebastián de Eslava y Lazaga        (b. 1684 - d. 1759)
 6 Nov 1749 - 24 Nov 1753  José Alfonso Pizarro,               (b. 1689 - d. 1762)
                             marqués del Villar
24 Nov 1753 - 25 Feb 1761  José Solís Folch de Cardona         (b. 1716 - d. 1770)
1761 - 1773                Pedro Messía de la Cerda,           (b. 1700 - d. 1783)
                             marqués de la Vega de Armíjo
1773 - 1776                Manuel de Guirior y Portal de       (b. 1708 - d. 1788)
                             Huarte y Edozain 
1776 - 26 Nov 1781         Manuel Antonio Flores Maldonado     (b. 1723 - d. 1799)
 1 Apr 1782 - 11 Jun 1782  Juan de Torrezal Díaz y Pimienta    (b. 17.. - d. 1782)
11 Jun 1782 - Apr 1789     Juan Antonio Caballero y Góngora    (b. 1723 - d. 1796)
Jan 1789 - Mar 1789        Francisco Gil de Taboada y Lemos    (b. 1736 - d. 1809)
1789 - 2 Jan 1797          José Manuel Ignacio Timoteo de      (b. 1739 - d. 1823)
                             Ezpeleta Galdeano Dicastillo y
                             del Prado 
 2 Jan 1797 - 16 Sep 1803  Pedro Mendinueta y Múzquiz          (b. 1736 - d. 1825)
16 Sep 1803 - 20 Jul 1810  Antonio José de Amar y Borbón       (b. 1742 - d. 1826)
                             Arguedas y Vallejo de Santacruz
                            (from 20 Jul 1810, President of 
                             the Supreme Governing Junta)
25 Jul 1810 -  4 Oct 1812  José Miguel Pey y García de Andrade (b. 1763 - d. 1838)
                            (President of the Supreme Governing Junta)
21 Mar 1812 - 30 May 1813  Benito Pérez Brito de los Ríos      (b. 1747 - d. 1813)
                             Fernández Valdelomar
                            (at Portobelo, Panama in refuge from Bogotá)
30 May 1813 -  9 Mar 1818  Francisco Montalvo y Ambulodi       (b. 1754 - d. 1822)
                             Arriola y Casabant Valdespino 
                            (governor and captain-general to 16 Apr 1816)
 9 Mar 1818 - Aug 1819     Juan José de Sámano y Urribarri de  (b. 1753 - d. 1821)
                             Rebollar y Mazorra
1819 - 1821                Juan de la Cruz Mourgeón y Achet    (b. 17.. - d. 1822)
                             (titular)

Note: This record is in four parts: (1) some provinces that became independent of Spain and later joined the United Provinces; (2) the United Provinces of New Granada, from independence to reconquest by Spain, after which they became part of Great Colombia; (3) Great Colombia (a historians' term, never official), encompassing New Granada (later Colombia), Venezuela, and Ecuador; and (4) New Granada/Colombia from the breakup of Great Colombia.

Note: 4 Apr 1811 - 19 Jul 1813 Cundinamarca considered itself a monarchy, with 
Fernando VII, king of Spain, as "King of the Cundinamarqueses"¹; Fernando VII neither accepted nor acknowledged this office, but government was carried on in his name.

Presidents of the State and Vicegerents of the King's Person
 4 Aug 1811 - 21 Sep 1811  José Tadeo Lozano de Peralta y 
                             González Manrique, vizconde de   (b. 1771 - d. 1816)
                             Pastrana
21 Sep 1811 - 19 Aug 1812  Antonio Amador José Nariño y       (b. 1765 - d. 1823)
                             Álvarez del Casal (1st time)
                             (interim to 24 Dec 1811) 
19 Aug 1812 - 12 Sep 1812  Manuel Benito de Castro y          (b. 1751 - d. 1826)
                             Díaz de Arcaya (acting) 
12 Sep 1812 - 19 Jul 1813  Antonio Amador José Nariño y       (s.a.)
                             Álvarez del Casal (2nd time)
Presidents of the State
19 Jul 1813 - 14 May 1814  Antonio Amador José Nariño y       (s.a.)
                             Álvarez del Casal
14 May 1814 - 12 Dec 1814  Manuel de Bernardo Álvarez del     (b. 1743 - d. 1816)
                             Casal

 ¹Full style: por la gracia de Dios y por la voluntad y consentimiento del pueblo, legítima y constitucionalmente representado, Rey de los cundinamarqueses, etc. ("by the grace of God and the will and consent of the town, legitimate and constitutionally represented, King of the Cundinamarqueses, etc.")

Presidents of the Supreme Government Junta
13 Aug 1810 -  1 Jan 1811  José María García de Toledo y      (b. 1769 - d. 1816) 
                             Madariaga (1st time)
 1 Jan 1811 -  1 May 1811  José María del Real e Hidalgo      (b. 17.. - d. 1835)
 1 May 1811 -  1 Sep 1811  José María García de Toledo y      (s.a.) 
                             Madariaga (2nd time)
 1 Sep 1811 - 20 Jan 1812  Ignacio Cavero y Cárdenas          (b. 1757 - d. 1834)
Governor President of the State
21 Jan 1812 -  1 Apr 1812  José María del Real e Hidalgo      (s.a.)
Dictator Vice President
 1 Apr 1812 - 15 Jun 1812  Manuel Juan Robustiano de los 
                             Dolores Rodríguez Torices y      (b. 1788 - d. 1816)
                             Quiroz 
Governor President of the State
15 Jun 1812 -  4 Oct 1812  Manuel Juan Robustiano de los 
                             Dolores Rodríguez Torices y      (s.a.)
                             Quiroz 

 2 Nov 1675                Medellín founded by Spain.
29 Dec 1811                State of Antioquia (independence from United Provinces).
10 Nov 1812                Antioquia recognizes the Congress of the United Provinces of
                             New Granada.
 7 Feb 1813                Antioquia recognizes its affiliation with the Federation.
Jul 1815                   Constitution adopts the "pact" of the United Provinces of New 
                             Granada fully incorporating Antioquia into the federation.

Presidents of the Superior Government Junta
10 Sep 1810 - 17 Feb 1811  Francisco de Ayala Gudiño Medina 
                             y Calderón
17 Feb 1811 - 27 Jul 1811  Juan Elías López Tagle y 
                             Madariaga (acting)
Presidents of the State
27 Jul 1811 - 29 Jul 1811  Juan Elías López Tagle y 
                             Madariaga (provisional)
29 Jul 1811-11/29 Oct 1811 José María Montoya Duque
11/29 Oct 1811-10 Oct 1812 José Antonio Aurelio Gómez Londoño (b. 1754 - d. 1812)
14 Oct 1812 - 30 Jul 1813  José Miguel de Restrepo y Puerta   (b. 1755 - d. 1829)
30 Jul 1813 -  7 Apr 1814  Juan Bautista Antonio María del 
                             Corral y Alonso Carriazo 
                            (to 1 or 5 Mar 1814, Dictator President)
15 Apr 1814-8/16 May 1814  José Miguel de la Calle Vélez (interim)
8/16 May 1814 - Jul 1815   Dionisio Sánchez de Tejada y Nieto

 6 Aug 1539                Tunja founded by Spain.
1812                       State of Tunja (also in constitutional use: Republic
                             of Tunja)(independence from United Provinces).
 4 Oct 1812                Re-incorporation into United Provinces of New Granada.

Governor President of the State
1812 -  4 Oct 1812         Juan Nepomuceno Niño y Muelle      (b. 1769 - d. 1816)

 4 Oct 1812                United Provinces of New Granada (Nueva Granada).
Dec 1815/Jul 1816          Reconquest by Spain.

President of the Congress, entrusted with the Federal Executive Power
 4 Oct 1812 -  5 Oct 1814  José Camilo Clemente Torres        (b. 1766 - d. 1816)
                             Tenorio
Presidents (presiding members of three-member Executive Power)
 5 Oct 1814 - 28 Nov 1814  José María Eusebio Carlos del      (b. 1776 - d. 1835)
                             Rosario del Castillo y Rada 
                             (acting) 
28 Nov 1814 - 28 Mar 1815  José Custodio Cayetano García      (b. 1786 - d. 1816)
                             Rovira (1st time) 
28 Mar 1815 - 28 Jul 1815  José Miguel Pey y García de        (b. 1775 - d. 1838)
                             Andrade
28 Jul 1815 - 15 Nov 1815  Manuel Juan Robustiano de los      (s.a.)
                             Dolores Rodríguez Torices y 
                             Quiroz 
15 Nov 1815 - 14 Mar 1816  José Camilo Clemente Torres        (s.a.)
                             Tenorio 
14 Mar 1816 - 22 Jun 1816  José Luis Álvaro Alvino Fernández  (b. 1789 - d. 1830)
                             Madrid y Fernández de Castro 
22 Jun 1816 - 30 Jun 1816  Liborio José Apolinar Mejía        (b. 1792 - d. 1816)
                             Gutíerrez (acting)
30 Jun 1816 - 10 Jul 1816  José Custodio Cayetano García      (s.a.)
                             Rovira (2nd time) 
16 Jul 1816 - 16 Sep 1816  Manuel Fernando Serrano y Uribe    (b. 1789 - d. 1819)

Note: Gran Colombia (or Great Colombia) is a historians' term, never official,
encompassing New Granada (later Colombia), Venezuela, and Ecuador.

17 Dec 1819                Republic of Colombia (independence from Spain, again).
21 Nov 1831                Dissolution into New Granada, Venezuela, and Ecuador.

Presidents
17 Dec 1819 -  4 May 1830  Simón José Antonio de la           (b. 1783 - d. 1830)
                             Santísima Trinidad Bolívar y
                             Palacios 
                            (President-Liberator from 27 Aug 1828)
 4 May 1830 - 13 Jun 1830  Domingo Caycedo y Sanz de          (b. 1783 - d. 1843)
                             Santamaría (1st time) (acting) 
13 Jun 1830 -  5 Sep 1830  Joaquín Mariano de Mosquera y      (b. 1787 - d. 1877)
                             Figueroa y Arboleda
 5 Sep 1830 -  3 May 1831  Rafael José Urdaneta Faría (acting)(b. 1789 - d. 1845)
 3 May 1831 - 21 Nov 1831  Domingo Caycedo y Sanz de          (s.a.)
                             Santamaría (2nd time) (acting) 

21 Nov 1831                State of New Granada
20 Apr 1843                Republic of New Granada
22 May 1858                Granadine Confederation
18 Jul 1861                United States of New Granada
20 Sep 1861                United States of Colombia
 5 Aug 1886                Republic of Colombia

Presidents 

21 Nov 1831 - 23 Nov 1831  Domingo Caycedo y Sanz de          (s.a.) 

                             Santamaría (1st time) (acting) 

23 Nov 1831 - 10 Mar 1832  José María Ramón Obando y          (b. 1797 - d. 1861)  Mil

                             del Campo (1st time) (acting) 

10 Mar 1832 -  7 Oct 1832  José Ignacio de Márquez Barreto    (b. 1793 - d. 1880)  PLM

                             (1st time) (acting) 

 7 Oct 1832 -  1 Apr 1837  Francisco José de Paula            (b. 1792 - d. 1840)  Fed

                             Santander y Omaña 

 1 Apr 1837 -  1 Apr 1841  José Ignacio de Márquez Barreto    (s.a.)               PLM

                             (2nd time)

 1 Apr 1841 -  2 May 1841  Domingo Caycedo y Sanz de          (s.a.)               Mil

                             Santamaría (2nd time) (acting)

 2 May 1841 -  1 Apr 1845  Pedro Alcántara Herrán Zaldúa      (b. 1800 - d. 1872)  PCS

 1 Apr 1845 -  1 Apr 1849  Tomás Cipriano Ignacio María de    (b. 1798 - d. 1878)  PCS

                             Mosquera y Arboleda (1st time) 

 1 Apr 1849 -  1 Apr 1853  José Hilario López Valdés          (b. 1798 - d. 1869)  PL

 1 Apr 1853 - 17 Apr 1854  José María Ramón Obando y del      (s.a.)               PL

                             Campo (2nd time)

17 Apr 1854 -  4 Dec 1854  José María Dionisio Melo y Ortiz   (b. 1800 - d. 1860)  Mil

                             (Supreme Chief of the State)

21 Apr 1854 -  5 Aug 1854  Tomás José Ramón del Carmen de     (b. 1804 - d. 1854)  PL

                             Herrera y Pérez Dávila 

                             (acting in rebellion) 

 4 Dec 1854 -  1 Apr 1855  José Arsenio Vicente del Carmen    (b. 1806 - d. 1889)  PCS 

                             de Obaldía y Orejuela 

                             (acting [in rebellion from 5 Aug 1854]) 

 1 Apr 1855 -  1 Apr 1857  Manuel María Mallarino Ibargüen    (b. 1808 - d. 1872)  Mil

                             (acting)

 1 Apr 1857 -  1 Apr 1861  Mariano Ospina Rodríguez           (b. 1805 - d. 1885)  PCS

 1 Apr 1861 - 18 Jul 1861  Bartolomé Calvo y Díaz de          (b. 1815 - d. 1889)  PCS

                             Lamadrid (acting) 

18 Jul 1861 -  4 Feb 1863  Tomás Cipriano Ignacio María de    (s.a.)               PL

                             Mosquera y Arboleda (2nd time)

                             (provisional)

 4 Feb 1863 -  9 Feb 1863  Francisco Javier Martínez de       (b. 1811 - d. 1882)  PLR

                             Zaldúa y de Racines 

                             (President of the Convention) 

 9 Feb 1863 - 14 May 1863  Eustorgio Salgar Moreno (1st time) (b. 1831 - d. 1885)  PL

                             (President of Executive Ministry)

14 May 1863 -  8 Apr 1864  Tomás Cipriano Ignacio María de    (s.a.)               PL

                             Mosquera y Arboleda (3rd time)

                             (acting from 1 Apr 1864) 

 8 Apr 1864 -  1 Apr 1866  Manuel Murillo Toro (1st time)     (b. 1816 - d. 1880)  PL

 1 Apr 1866 - 22 May 1866  José Miguel Rojas Garrido (acting) (b. 1824 - d. 1883)  PL

22 May 1866 -  1 Nov 1867  Tomás Cipriano Ignacio María de    (s.a.)               PL

                             Mosquera y Arboleda (4th time)

12 May 1867 - 28 Jun 1867  Manuel Joaquín de Santa Isabel     (b. 1833 - d. 1875)

                             Riascos García (acting in rebellion) 

23 May 1867 -  1 Apr 1868  Miguel María de los Santos Acosta  (b. 1828 - d. 1901)  PL

                             y Castillo 

                             (acting for suspended Mosquera to 1 Nov 1867)

 1 Apr 1868 -  1 Apr 1870  José de los Santos Gutiérrez       (b. 1820 - d. 1872)  PL

                             Prieto

 1 Apr 1870 -  1 Apr 1872  Eustorgio Salgar Moreno (2nd time) (s.a.)               PL

 1 Apr 1872 -  1 Apr 1874  Manuel Murillo Toro (2nd time)     (s.a.)               PL

 1 Apr 1874 -  1 Apr 1876  Santiago Pérez y Manosalbas del    (b. 1830 - d. 1900)  PL

                             Castillo

 1 Apr 1876 -  1 Apr 1878  José Bonifacio Aquileo Elías       (b. 1825 - d. 1900)  PL

                             Parra Gómez 

 1 Apr 1878 -  8 Apr 1880  Julián Trujillo Largacha           (b. 1828 - d. 1883)  PL

                             (acting from 1 Apr 1880)

 8 Apr 1880 -  1 Apr 1882  Rafael Wenceslao Núñez Moledo      (b. 1825 - d. 1894)  PL

                             (1st time) 

 1 Apr 1882 - 21 Dec 1882  Francisco Javier Martínez de       (s.a.)               PL

                             Zaldúa y de Racines 

21 Dec 1882 - 22 Dec 1882  Clímaco Calderón Reyes (acting)    (b. 1852 - d. 1913)  PL

22 Dec 1882 -  1 Apr 1884  José Eusebio Otálora Martínez      (b. 1828 - d. 1884)  PL

 1 Apr 1884 - 11 Aug 1884  Ezequiel Hurtado y Hurtado (acting)(b. 1825 - d. 1890)  PR

11 Aug 1884 -  1 Apr 1886  Rafael Wenceslao Núñez Moledo      (s.a.)               PN

                             (2nd time) 

 1 Apr 1886 -  7 Aug 1886  José María del Campo Serrano       (b. 1832 - d. 1915)  PN

                             (acting) 

 7 Aug 1886 -  4 Jun 1887  José Eliseo Payán Hurtado (acting) (b. 1825 - d. 1895)  PN

 4 Jun 1887 -  7 Aug 1892  Rafael Wenceslao Núñez Moledo      (s.a.)               PN

                             (3rd time)

 7 Aug 1892 - 29 Sep 1892  Miguel Antonio José Zoylo Cayetano (b. 1843 - d. 1909)  PN

                             Andres Avelino de las Mercedes

                             Caro Tobar (1st time)(acting) 

29 Sep 1892 - 18 Sep 1894  Rafael Wenceslao Núñez Moledo      (s.a.)               PN

                             (4th time) 

18 Sep 1894 -  7 Aug 1898  Miguel Antonio José Zoylo Cayetano (s.a.)               PN

                             Andres Avelino de las Mercedes 

                             Caro Tobar (2nd time) (acting) 

 7 Aug 1898 - 19 Mar 1902  Manuel Antonio Sanclemente         (b. 1814 - d. 1902)  PN

31 Jul 1900 -  7 Aug 1904  José Manuel Cayetano Marroquín     (b. 1827 - d. 1908)  PN

                             Ricaurte 

                             (acting for suspended Sanclemente to 19 Mar 1902)

 7 Aug 1904 - 27 Jul 1909  José Gregorio Ambrosio Rafael      (b. 1850 - d. 1921)  PCS 

                             Reyes Prieto 

27 Jul 1909 -  4 Aug 1909  Jorge Marcelo Holguín Mallarino    (b. 1848 - d. 1928)  PCS

                             (1st time) (acting)

 4 Aug 1909 -  7 Aug 1910  Ramón González Valencia            (b. 1854 - d. 1928)  PCS

                             (provisional)

 7 Aug 1910 -  7 Aug 1914  Carlos Eugenio Restrepo Restrepo   (b. 1867 - d. 1937)  PCS

 7 Aug 1914 -  7 Aug 1918  José Vicente Concha Ferreira       (b. 1867 - d. 1929)  PCS

 7 Aug 1918 -  7 Aug 1922  Marco Fidel Suárez                 (b. 1855 - d. 1927)  PCS

11 Nov 1921 -  7 Aug 1922  Jorge Marcelo Holguín Mallarino    (s.a.)               PCS

                             (2nd time)(acting for Suárez)

 7 Aug 1922 -  7 Aug 1926  Pedro Nel Ignacio Tomás de         (b. 1858 - d. 1927)  PCS

                             Villanueva Ospina Vásquez

 7 Aug 1926 -  7 Aug 1930  Miguel Abadía Méndez               (b. 1867 - d. 1947)  PCS

 7 Aug 1930 -  7 Aug 1934  Enrique Alfredo Olaya Herrera      (b. 1881 - d. 1937)  PL

 7 Aug 1934 -  7 Aug 1938  Alfonso López Pumarejo (1st time)  (b. 1886 - d. 1959)  PL

 7 Aug 1938 -  7 Aug 1942  Eduardo Santos Montejo             (b. 1888 - d. 1974)  PL

 7 Aug 1942 -  7 Aug 1945  Alfonso López Pumarejo (2nd time)  (s.a.)               PL

 7 Aug 1945 -  7 Aug 1946  Alberto Lleras Camargo (1st time)  (b. 1906 - d. 1990)  PL

                             (acting)

 7 Aug 1946 -  7 Aug 1950  Luis Mariano Ospina Pérez          (b. 1891 - d. 1976)  PCS

 7 Aug 1950 - 13 Jun 1953  Laureano Eleuterio Gómez Castro    (b. 1889 - d. 1965)  PCS

 5 Nov 1951 - 13 Jun 1953  Roberto Urdaneta Arbeláez          (b. 1890 - d. 1972)  PCS

                             (acting for Gómez Castro) 

13 Jun 1953 - 10 May 1957  Gustavo Rojas Pinilla              (b. 1900 - d. 1975)  Mil

10 May 1957 -  7 Aug 1958  Gabriel París Gordillo             (b. 1910 - d. 2008)  Mil

                             (chairman Military Junta of Government) 

 7 Aug 1958 -  7 Aug 1962  Alberto Lleras Camargo (2nd time)  (s.a.)               PL

 7 Aug 1962 -  7 Aug 1966  Guillermo León Valencia Muñoz      (b. 1909 - d. 1971)  PCS

 7 Aug 1966 -  7 Aug 1970  Carlos Lleras Restrepo             (b. 1908 - d. 1994)  PL 

 7 Aug 1970 -  7 Aug 1974  Misael Eduardo Pastrana Borrero    (b. 1923 - d. 1997)  PCS

 7 Aug 1974 -  7 Aug 1978  Alfonso López Michelsen            (b. 1913 - d. 2007)  PL

 7 Aug 1978 -  7 Aug 1982  Julio César Turbay Ayala           (b. 1916 - d. 2005)  PL

 7 Aug 1982 -  7 Aug 1986  Belisario Betancur Cuartas         (b. 1923)            PCS

 7 Aug 1986 -  7 Aug 1990  Virgilio Barco Vargas              (b. 1921 - d. 1997)  PL

 7 Aug 1990 -  7 Aug 1994  César Augusto Gaviria Trujillo     (b. 1947)            PL

 7 Aug 1994 -  7 Aug 1998  Ernesto Samper Pizano              (b. 1950)            PL

 7 Aug 1998 -  7 Aug 2002  Andrés Pastrana Arango             (b. 1954)            PCS

 7 Aug 2002 -              Álvaro Uribe Vélez                 (b. 1952)          PL/Non-party;

                                                                                   2006: PC

 

Party abbreviations: PC = Primero Colombia (Colombia First, conservative-reformist, Álvaro Uribe personalist); PCS = Partido Conservador Social (Social Conservative Party, conservative, est.1848); PL = Partido Liberal (Liberal Party, liberal, est. 1840); PSC = Partido Socialista Colombiano (Colombian Socialist Party); Mil = Military;
- Former parties: Fed = Federalist; PLM = Partido Liberal Moderado (Moderate Liberal Party, from 1848 PC); PLR = Partido Liberal Radical (Radical Liberal Party); PN = Partido Nacional (National Party, coalition of Liberals and Conservatives 1884-1898); PR = Partido Radical (Radical Party);
- Rebel Groups: FARC = Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia (Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia, leftist guerrilla group, est.1966); ELN = Ejército de Liberación Nacional (National Liberation Army, leftist guerrilla group, est.1964); EPL = Ejército Popular de Liberación (Popular Liberation Army, Maoist guerrilla group, armed wing of PCC-ML, est.1968); 
M-19 = Movimiento 19 de Abril (19th of April Movement, guerrilla group, 1970- )

1628 - May 1641            English colony (Providence Island) under Providence Company.
May 1641                   Seized by Spain; subordinated to Audiencia of Panama;
                             renamed Isla de Santa Catalina.
1666 - Aug 1666            English occupation.
15 Dec 1670 - 1689         English occupation.
1689                       Spanish rule restored.
1789                       Incorporated into the Viceroyalty of Nueva Granada (New Granada).
1822                       Part of Gran Colombia/Colombia (Isla Providencia). 

Governors
1628 - 1630                Sussex Chaddock                  
1630 - 1636                Philip Bell                        (b. 1574 - d. af.1646)
May 1636 - 1638            Robert Hunt
Jul 1638 - 28 Feb 1640     Nathaniel Butler                   (b. c.1577 - d. 16..)
Feb 1640 - 1640            Andrew Carter (acting)
1640 - 1641                John Humphrey
1641 - 1662?               Jerónimo de Ojeda
166. - 1666                Juan de Ocampo
1666 - Aug 1666            Samuel Smith
1666 - 1670                José Sánchez Jiménez
15 Dec 1670 - 167.         Henry Morgan                       (b. 1635 - d. 1688)
167. - 1689                ....