Russian Soviet Federative Socialist  Republic Administrative Divisions:

Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republics

Note: The constitution of Russian S.F.S.R. of 1918 provided for the establishment of ethnic autonomous regional unions. Originally, each autonomous entity was dealt on a case by case basis. At the end of the Civil War in 1920, there were four Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republics. The Russian constitutions of 1925 and 1937 merely referred to the Autonomous Republics without defining their status, however the Autonomous Republics in their constitutions of 1937 were for the first time described as states. According to the Russian constitution of 1978, the Autonomous Republics, defined as states, made up the federation together with the Russian S.F.S.R. itself.

  All autonomous republics that existed after 1920 are recorded below. By 1980, the Russian S.F.S.R. was divided into 87 entities (15 autonomous soviet socialist republics, 6 kraya, 49 oblasti, 2 cities of republican subordination, 5 autonomous oblasti, and 10 autonomous okruga). For the kraya, oblasti, cities of republican subordination, autonomous oblasti and autonomous okruga see RSFSR Admin. divisions Page 2  (from 25 Dec 1991 see Russia Administrative Divisions).

Party abbreviations: KPSS = Kommunisticheskaya Partiya Sovetskogo Soyuza (Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Marxist-Leninist communist, USSR state party to 13 Mar 1990, former VKP, 13 Oct 1952 - 29 Aug 1991); KPR = Kommunisticheskaya Partiya Rossiyskoy SFSR (Communist Party of the Russian SFSR, split from KPSS, 19 Jun 1990 - 6 Nov 1991; from 14 Feb 1993 Kommunisticheskaya Partiya Rossiyskoy Federatsii);
- Former parties: KPKF = Kommunisticheskaya Partiya Karelo-Finskoy S.S.R./Karjalais-Suomalaisen Sosialistisen Neuvostotasavallan Kommunistinen Puolue (Communist Party of the Karelo-Finnish S.S.R., former KPKF-B, 13 Oct 1952 - 25 Jul 1956, re-incorporated into VKP); KPKF-B = Kommunisticheskaya Partiya (Bol'shevikov) Karelo-Finskoy S.S.R./Karjalais-Suomalaisen Sosialistisen Neuvostotasavallan Kommunistinen Puolue (Bolševikit)(Communist Party [Bolsheviks] of the Karelo-Finnish S.S.R., separated from VKP, 27 Apr 1940-13 Oct 1952, renamed KPKF); NSPKB = Natsional-Sotsialisticheskaya Partiya Severokavkazskikh Brat'yev (National-Socialist Party of North Caucasian Brothers, militant Chechen nationalist, anti-communist, 28 Jan 1942-1942); PSR = Partiya Sotsialistov-Revolyutsionerov (Party of Socialists-Revolutionaries, "SRs", democratic socialist, agrarian socialist, split Aug 1917 into Left and Right wings, 1902-1922); RKP = Rossiyskaya Kommunisticheskaya Partiya (Bol'shevikov)(Russian Communist Party [Bolsheviks], Marxist-Leninist communist, state party, former RSDRP-B, 8 Mar 1918-31 Dec 1925, renamed VKP); VKP = Vsesoyuznaya Kommunisticheskaya Partiya (Bol'shevikov)(All-Union Communist Party [Bolsheviks], Marxist-Leninist communist, USSR state party, former RKP, 31 Dec 1925-13 Oct 1952, renamed KPSS)

23 Mar 1919                Autonomous Bashkir Soviet Republic, created from the
                             former Bashkir Government, within Russian S.F.S.R.
Apr 1919 - Aug 1919        Bashkir areas occupied by the "White" Russian troops,
                             Soviet Bashkir authorities go into exile in Saransk.
15 Sep 1919                Boundaries established, definite separation from the Orenburg
                             and Ufa governorates.
25 Jul 1920                Renamed Bashkir Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic.
14 Jun 1922                Ufa governorate incorporated.
 5 Dec 1936                Renamed Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic.
11 Oct 1990                Declaration of state sovereignty (Bashkir Soviet Socialist
                             Republic).
25 Feb 1992                Republic of Bashkortostan

Chairmen of the Bashkir Regional Committee of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
18 Nov 1919 - 20 Jan 1920  Kharis Yumagulovich Yumagulov      (b. 1891 - d. 1937)
20 Jan 1920 - Mar 1920     .... (acting)
Executive Secretaries of the Bashkir Regional Committee of the Russian
Communist Party (Bolsheviks)(from 31 Dec 1925, All-Union Communist Party [Bolsheviks])
Mar 1920 - 19 May 1920     Akhmetkamal Akhmadinurovich        (b. 1895 - d. 1937)
                             Kaspranskiy (Izmailov)
Jul 1920 - May 1921        Pyotr Mikhaylovich Vikman          (b. 1890 - d. 1958)
                             (Pēteris Vikmanis) 
Jun 1921 - Nov 1921        Akhmed (Akhmadulla) Almukhametovich(b. 1896 - d. 1937)
                             Biyshev (Biishev)
23 Nov 1921 - Mar 1922     Shagit Akhmetovich Khudayberdin    (b. 1896 - d. 1924)
Apr 1922 - Sep 1922        Andrey Ilyich Zhekhanov            (b. 1884 - d. 1924)
Sep 1922 - 1923            Boris Nikolayevich Nimvitskiy      (b. 1885 - d. 1970)
1923 - 1924                Ruben Ayrapetovich Voskanov        (b. 1891 - d. 1938)
                             (Voskanyan)
Jul 1924 - 1927            Mikhail Osipovich Razumov          (b. 1894 - d. 1937)
                             (Aron Iosifovich Arkhantsev)
1927 - Feb 1930            Eduard Yanovich Yurevich           (b. 1888 - d. 1958)
                             (Eduards Jurevičs)
Feb 1930 - 1931            Yakov Borisovich Bykin (acting)    (b. 1888 - d. 1938)
                             (Berkovich)
First Secretaries of the Bashkir Regional Committee of All-Union Communist Party
(Bolsheviks)(from 13 Oct 1952, Communist Party of the Soviet Union)
1931 -  6 Oct 1937         Yakov Borisovich Bykin             (s.a.)
                             (Berkovich)
 6 Oct 1937 - Jan 1939     Aleksandr Tarasovich Zalikin       (b. 1893 - d. 1953)
                             (acting to Jun 1938)
Jan 1939 - Nov 1939        Grigoriy Sergeyevich Rastegin      (b. 1902 - d. 1971)
                             (Rastyogin)
Nov 1939 - Dec 1942        Ivan Semyonovich Anoshin           (b. 1904 - d. 1991)
Dec 1942 - 26 Feb 1943     Semyon Borisovich Zadionchenko     (b. 1898 - d. 1972)
                             (Zayonchik)
26 Feb 1943 - 20 Apr 1946  Semyon Denisovich Ignatiyev        (b. 1904 - d. 1983)
                             (1st time)
20 Apr 1946 -  7 Dec 1953  Sabir Akhmedyanovich Vagapov       (b. 1904 - d. 1993)
 7 Dec 1953 - 14 Jun 1957  Semyon Denisovich Ignatiyev        (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
14 Jun 1957 - 15 Jul 1969  Ziya Nuriyevich Nuriyev            (b. 1915 - d. 2012)
15 Jul 1969 - 23 Jun 1987  Midkhat Zakirovich Shakirov        (b. 1916 - d. 2004)
23 Jun 1987 - 10 Feb 1990  Ravmer Khasanovich Khabibullin     (b. 1933 - d. 2011)
10 Feb 1990 - 27 Oct 1990  Igor Alekseyevich Gorbunov         (b. 1941)
                             (acting to 27 Apr 1990)
First Secretary of the Bashkir Republican Committee of Communist Party of Russian SFSR
27 Oct 1990 - 23 Aug 1991  Igor Alekseyevich Gorbunov         (s.a.)

Chairmen of the Bashkir Provisional Military Revolutionary Committee ("Bashrevkom")
22 Feb 1919 - 17 May 1919  Akhmed-Zaki Akhmetshakhovich       (b. 1890 - d. 1970)  Non-party
                             Validov (1st time)
Mar 1919 - Apr 1919        Mukhamed-Girey Batyrgareyevich     (b. 1888 - d. 1922)  Non-party
                             Karamyshev
                             (acting for absent Validov)
17 May 1919 - 20 Jan 1920  Kharis Yumagulovich Yumagulov      (s.a.)               RKP
20 Jan 1920 - 24 Feb 1920  Fatykh Nasyrovich Tukhvatullin     (b. 1894 - d. 1938)  RKP
                             (acting)
24 Feb 1920 - 16 Jun 1920  Akhmed-Aki Akhmetshakhovich        (s.a.)               RKP
                             Validov (2nd time)
Apr 1920 - May 1920        Tagir Gil'manovich Imakov          (b. 1895 - d. 1937)  RKP
                             (acting for absent Validov)
26 Jun 1920 - 25 Jul 1920  Fayzulla Saitovich Mansyrev        (b. 1882 - d. 1956)  RKP
Chairmen of the Central Executive Committee
25 Jul 1920 - Oct 1920     Galiy Kamaletdinovich Shamigulov   (b. 1890 - d. 1959)
Oct 1920 - 1921            Fayzulla Saitovich Mansyrev        (s.a.)
May 1921 - Feb 1922        Musa Lutovich Murtazin             (b. 1891 - d. 1937)
Feb 1922 - Jul 1922        Shagit Akhmetovich Khudayberdin    (s.a.)
Jul 1922 - 16 Mar 1929     Khafiz Kushayevich Kushayev        (b. 1888 - d. 1937)
Mar 1929 - 13 Feb 1931     Taymas Shafikovich Shafikov        (b. 1899 - d. 1937)
19 Feb 1931 - 1937         Afzal Mukhitdinovich Tahirov       (b. 1890 - d. 1937)
20 Oct 1937 - Jul 1938     Rakhim Kiryevich Ibrahimov (acting)(b. 1904 - d. 1971)
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet 
Jul 1938 - Nov 1946        Rakhim Kiryevich Ibrahimov         (s.a.)
Nov 1946 - Jul 1950        Gilman Vildanovich Nigmadzhanov    (b. 1911 - d. 1989)
Jul 1950 - 29 Mar 1967     Fayzrakhman Zagafuranovich         (b. 1913 - d. 1975)
                             Zagafuranov 
29 Mar 1967 -  4 Apr 1990  Fayzulla Valiyevich Sultanov       (b. 1922 - d. 1992)
Chairman of the Supreme Soviet
 4 Apr 1990 - 25 Dec 1991  Murtaza Gubaydullovich Rakhimov    (b. 1934)

Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars
28 Jul 1920 -  1 Oct 1920  Galiy Kamaletdinovich Shamigulov   (s.a.)
 1 Oct 1920 - Jul 1921     Akhmed (Akhmadulla) Almukhametovich(s.a.)
                             Biyshev (Biishev)
Jul 1921 - Nov 1925        Mullayan Davletshinovich Khalikov  (b. 1894 - d. 1937)
Nov 1925 - 10 Jan 1930     Aksan Baymurzich Mukhametkulov     (b. 1895 - d. 1938)
10 Jan 1930 - Oct 1937     Zinatulla Gizatovich Bulashev      (b. 1894 - d. 1938)
Oct 1937 - Feb 1940        Fazyl Valiakhmetovich              (b. 1906 - d. 1968)
                             Shagimardanov
Feb 1940 - Apr 1946        Sabir Akhmedyanovich Vagapov       (s.a.)
Chairmen of the Council of Ministers
Apr 1946 - Apr 1951        Nasyr Rafikovich Urazbayev         (b. 1902 - d. 1981)
Apr 1951 - Feb 1962        Valeriy Gabeyevich Nabiullin       (b. 1914 - d. 1982)
Feb 1962 -  8 Jan 1986     Zekeriya Sharafutdinovich          (b. 1924 - d. 2000)
                             Aknazarov
 8 Jan 1986 - 25 Dec 1991  Marat Parisovich Mirgazyamov       (b. 1942)

29 May 1952 - 30 Apr 1953  Sterlitamak (Sterlitamakskaya) oblast, within Bashkir A.S.S.R.

First Secretary of the Oblast Committee of the Communist Party  
12 Jun 1952 - 30 Apr 1953  Pyotr Ilyich Kamenev               (b. 1903 - d. 1960)

Chairman of the Executive Committee 
1952 - 30 Apr 1953         Shaikh Murzinovich Gataullin

29 May 1952 - 30 Apr 1953  Ufa (Ufimskaya) oblast, within Bashkir A.S.S.R.

First Secretary of the Oblast Committee of the Communist Party 
12 Jun 1952 - 30 Apr 1953  Khabi Yaukmanovich Kurbangulov

Chairman of the Executive Committee
29 May 1952 - 30 Apr 1953  ....

 9 Jan 1922                Buryat-Mongolian Autonomous Oblast created (from parts of
                             Irkutsk governorate), within the Russian S.F.S.R.
30 May 1923                Buryat-Mongolian Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (merger of
                             Buryat-Mongolian A.O. of the Far East and Buryat-Mongolian A.O.)
30 Jul 1930 -  5 Dec 1936  Within the East Siberian kray.
 5 Dec 1936                Renamed Buryat-Mongolian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. 
 7 Jul 1958                Buryat Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
 8 Oct 1990                Declaration of state sovereignty.
27 Mar 1991                Republic of Buryatia

Executive Secretary of the Regional Committee of the Russian Communist Party
(Bolsheviks) for the Buryat-Mongolian Autonomous Oblast
Nov 1922 - Aug 1923        Vasiliy Ilyich Trubacheyev         (b. 1895 - d. 1938)
Executive Secretaries of the Buryat-Mongolian Regional Committee of the
Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks)(from 31 Dec 1925, All-Union
Communist Party [Bolsheviks])
Aug 1923 - 25 Nov 1924     Vasiliy Ilyich Trubacheyev         (s.a.)
25 Nov 1924 -  6 Dec 1928  Mariya Mikhaylovna Sakhyanova (f)  (b. 1896 - d. 1981)
Dec 1928 - 1932            Mikhey Nikolayevich Yerbanov       (b. 1889 - d. 1938)
First Secretaries of the Buryat-Mongolian Regional Committee of the All-Union
Communist Party (Bolsheviks)(from 13 Oct 1952, Communist Party of the Soviet Union)
1932 - 30 Sep 1937         Mikhey Nikolayevich Yerbanov       (s.a.)
30 Sep 1937 - 25 Oct 1937  Grigoriy Vasilyevich Vorontsov     (b. 1897 - d. 19..)
                             (acting)
25 Oct 1937 -  7 Mar 1943  Semyon Denisovich Ignatyev         (b. 1904 - d. 1983)
                             (acting to 6 Jun 1938)
 7 Mar 1943 - 16 Mar 1951  Aleksandr Vasilyevich Kudryavtsev  (b. 1906 - d. 1970)
16 Mar 1951 -  7 Jul 1958  Aleksandr Uladayevich Khakhalov    (b. 1909 - d. 1970)
First Secretaries of the Buryat Regional Committee of the Communist Party of the
Soviet Union (from 1990, Buryat Republican Committee of Communist Party of Russian SFSR)
 7 Jul 1958 - 24 Nov 1960  Aleksandr Uladayevich Khakhalov    (s.a.)
24 Nov 1960 - 12 Jun 1962  Vasiliy Rodionovich Filippov       (b. 1913 - d. 1993)
12 Jun 1962 -  7 Jan 1984  Andrey Urupkheyevich Modogoyev     (b. 1915 - d. 1989)
 7 Jan 1984 - 24 Mar 1990  Anatoliy Mikhaylovich Belyakov     (b. 1933 - d. 2017)
 6 Apr 1990 - 23 Aug 1991  Leonid Vasilyevich Potapov         (b. 1935 - d. 2020)

Chairman of the Buryat-Mongol Central Committee of Eastern Siberia
22 Apr 1921 - 11 Jan 1922? Mikhey Nikolayevich Yerbanov       (s.a.)
Chairman of the Buryat-Mongol Revolutionary Committee
11 Jan 1922 -  6 Dec 1922  Mikhey Nikolayevich Yerbanov       (s.a.)
Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Regional Soviet of the Buryat-Mongol A.O.
Dec 1922 - 30 May 1923     Mikhey Nikolayevich Yerbanov       (s.a.)
Chairman of the Buryat-Mongolian Revolutionary Committee
30 May 1923 - Dec 1923     Mikhey Nikolayevich Yerbanov       (s.a.)
Chairmen of the Central Executive Committee of the Buryat-Mongolian A.S.S.R.
Dec 1923 - Dec 1924        Matvey Innokentyevich Amagayev     (b. 1897 - d. 1944)
Dec 1924 -  8 Sep 1927     Mikhey Nikolayevich Yerbanov       (s.a.)
 8 Sep 1927 - Apr 1929     Kuz'ma Sergeyevich Ilyin           (b. 1891 - d. 1937)
11 Apr 1929 -  6 Jul 1934  Bator D. Dabain                    (b. 1900 - d. 19..) 
Nov 1933 - Jan 1934        Demyan Korneyevich Maslov          (b. 1889 - d. 1938)
                             (acting for Dabain)
Jan 1934 - Dec 1934        Dazhup Dansaranovich Dorzhiyev     (b. 1901 - d. 1938)
                             (acting [for Dabain to 6 Jul 1934]) 
28 Dec 1934 - Aug 1937     Irilto Dampilonovich Dampilon      (b. 1904 - d. 1938)
Aug 1937 -  6 Jul 1938     Gombo Tsybikovich Belgayev         (b. 1904 - d. 1983)
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Buryat-Mongolian
A.S.S.R. (from 7 Jul 1958, Buryat A.S.S.R.)
Jul 1938 - 25 Jun 1940     Gombo Tsybikovich Belgayev         (s.a.)
25 Jun 1940 - 12 Apr 1941  Ilya Buzinayevich Borsoyev         (b. 1911 - d. 2004)
12 Apr 1941 - 25 Mar 1947  Gunsyn Ayusheyevna Tsydenova (f)   (b. 1909 - d. 1994)
26 Mar 1947 - 17 Mar 1951  Dorzhi Tsyrempilovich Tsyrempilon  (b. 1908 - d. 1983) 
                             (1st time)
17 Mar 1951 - 17 Jan 1955  Budazhap Lobsanovich Lobsanov      (b. 1908 - d. 1986)
                             (acting to 8 Apr 1951)
17 Jan 1955 - 24 Nov 1960  Dorzhi Tsyrempilovich Tsyrempilon  (s.a.)
                             (2nd time) (acting to 12 Apr 1955)  
24 Nov 1960 -  2 May 1970  Aleksandr Uladayevich Khakhalov    (s.a.)
Dec 1970 - 1984            Bato Semynovich Semyonov           (b. 1920 - d. 2010)
1984 - Dec 1987            Aleksandr Alekseyevich Badiyev     (b. 1925 - d. 1995)
Dec 1987 - Apr 1990        Klim Kirillovich Shomoyev          (b. 1930 - d. 2010)
19 Apr 1990 - Jun 1990     Sergey Nikolayevich Buldayev       (b. 1934)
Chairmen of the Supreme Soviet
Jun 1990 - 21 Oct 1991     Sergey Nikolayevich Buldayev       (s.a.)
21 Oct 1991 - 25 Dec 1991  Leonid Vasilyevich Potapov         (s.a.)

Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars
10 Dec 1923 -  8 Sep 1927  Mikhey Nikolayevich Yerbanov       (s.a.)
 8 Sep 1927 - Apr 1929     Kuz'ma Sergeyevich Ilyin           (s.a.)
11 Apr 1929 - Oct 1937     Dazhup Dansaranovich Dorzhiyev     (s.a.)
Oct 1937 - Nov 1937        Gombo Tsybikovich Belgayev (acting)(s.a.)
Nov 1937 - 27 Mar 1946     Solomon Matveyevich Ivanov         (b. 1912 - d. 1964)
Chairmen of the Council of Ministers
27 Mar 1946 - 27 Dec 1948  Solomon Matveyevich Ivanov         (s.a.)
                             (1st time)
27 Dec 1948 - 13 Jan 1950  Kapiton Dmitriyevich Vintovkin     (b. 1906 - d. 19..)
13 Jan 1950 - 17 Mar 1951  Solomon Matveyevich Ivanov         (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
17 Mar 1951 -  4 Jan 1954  Dorzhi Tsyrempilovich Tsyrempilon  (s.a.)
 4 Jan 1954 - 17 Jan 1958  Daniil Stepanovich Bolsokhoyev     (b. 1912 - d. 1958)
17 Jan 1958 - 24 Nov 1960  Vasiliy Rodionovich Filippov       (s.a.)
24 Nov 1960 - Jun 1962     Andrey Urupkheyevich Modogoyev     (s.a.)
Jun 1962 - Mar 1967        Konstantin Lavrentevich Baryadayev (b. 1917 - d. 1983)
Mar 1967 -  9 Mar 1977     Nikolay Buyinovich Pivovarov       (b. 1912 - d. 1998)
 9 Mar 1977 - Jun 1987     Vladimir Bizyayevich Saganov       (b. 1936 - d. 1999)
                             (1st time)
1987 - 19 Apr 1990         Sergey Nikolayevich Buldayev       (s.a.)
Apr 1990 - 25 Dec 1991     Vladimir Bizyayevich Saganov       (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)

Buryat-Mongolian Autonomous Oblast (of Far East)

 4 Apr 1921                Buryat-Mongolian Autonomous Oblast (created from parts of Pribaikal
                             and Transbaikal oblasti), within the Far Eastern Republic. 
15 Nov 1922                Buryat-Mongolian Autonomous Oblast (of the Far Eastern oblast),
                             within the Russian S.F.S.R.
30 May 1923                Merged into Buryat-Mongolian A.S.S.R.

Executive Secretary of the Oblast Committee of the Russian Communist Party
(Bolsheviks) for the Buryat-Mongolian Autonomous Oblast
Nov 1922 - Aug 1923        ....

Chairman of the Buryat-Mongol People's Revolutionary Committee
 3 Jun 1920 - Apr 1921     Pyotr Nikiforovich Dambinov        (b. 1892 - d. 1938)  PSR
Chairmen of the Presidium of the (Interim to 12 Oct 1921) Administration
Apr 1921 - 12 Oct 1921     Pyotr Nikiforovich Dambinov        (s.a.)               PSR
12 Oct 1921 - 14 Nov 1922  Matvey Innokentyevich Amagayev     (b. 1897 - d. 1944)  RKP
Chairman of the Buryat-Mongolian Revolutionary Committee
14 Nov 1922 -  1 Aug 1923  Matvey Innokentyevich Amagayev     (s.a.)               RKP

22 Jun 1937 - 1938	1938 - 7 Mar 1944	9 Jan 1957 - 16 Apr 1958
16 Apr 1958 - 26 May 1978	26 May 1978 - 1 Nov 1991	23 Nov 1990 - 2 Nov 1991
Adopted 2 Nov 1991

20 Jan 1921                Chechen Okrug (Chechenskiy Okrug)(referred retrospectively to as
                             the "Chechen National Okrug"), within the Mountain A.S.S.R.
                             (the okrug excluded Grozny which was under the direct authority
                             of the Mountain A.S.S.R.)
20 Jan 1921 - 30 Nov 1922  Within the Mountain A.S.S.R.
30 Nov 1922                Chechen Autonomous oblast (Chechenskaya Avtonomnaya Oblast'),
                             within the Russian S.F.S.R. (the oblast excluded Grozny).
 2 Jun 1924 -  4 Apr 1929  Grozny a part of South Eastern (Yugo-Vostochnaya) Oblast (from
                             16 Oct 1924, North Caucasus [Severo-Kavkazskiy] Kray).
16 Oct 1924 -  5 Dec 1936  Within the North Caucasus (Severo-Kavkazskiy) Kray.
 4 Apr 1929                Grozny (and on 14 Feb 1929, the Sunzhenskiy okrug) included in
                             the Chechen A.O.
15 Jan 1934                Checheno-Ingush Autonomous oblast (Checheno-Ingushskaya Avtonomnaya
                             Oblast'), incorporated the Ingush Autonomous Oblast.
 5 Dec 1936                Checheno-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
                             (Checheno-Ingushskaya Avtonomnaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya
                             Respublika).
28 Jan 1942 - Dec 1942     Chechen nationalist Khasan Israilov forms a pro-German anti-Soviet
                             Provisional Revolutionary People's Government, in rebellion against
                             Soviet authorities.
Oct 1942 - Jan 1943        German occupation of the north-west part of Checheno-Ingush A.S.S.R.
                             (incl. Malgobek).
 7 Mar 1944                Checheno-Ingush A.S.S.R. abolished; divided between (from
                             22 Mar 1944) Grozny oblast (Groznenskaya oblast'), Stavropol
                             Kray (to 22 Mar 1944), and Georgian S.S.R. (which received the
                             Akhalkhevi district).
 9 Jan 1957                Checheno-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
                             (re-established); the Grozny oblast is divided between Dagestan,
                             Chechen-Ingush A.S.S.R. and Stavropol kray.
27 Nov 1990                Checheno-Ingush Republic (Checheno-Ingushskaya Respublika),
                             declaration of state sovereignty.
 1 Oct 1991                Chechen Republic (Chechenskaya Respublika); separation from
                             Ingushetia (see under Russia admin. divisions). 
 1 Nov 1991                Declaration of state sovereignty.

Executive Secretaries of the Organizing Bureau of the Central Committee
of Russian Communist (Bolsheviks) Party (from 31 Dec 1925, All-Union Communist
Party [Bolsheviks]) for the Chechen Autonomous Oblast
Nov 1922 - Jan 1923        Tashtemir El'zhurkayevich          (b. 1870 - d. 1934)
                             El'darkhanov
Jan 1923 - Mar 1923        Aleksandr Fyodorovich Nazarevich
                             (acting)
Mar 1923 - Dec 1923        N.S. Aznarashvili
Dec 1923 - Sep 1925        Magomed Aliyevich Eneyev           (b. 1897 - d. 1928)
Sep 1925 - Jan 1926        .... (acting)
Jan 1926 - 1927            Yefrem Alekseyevich Eshba          (b. 1893 - d. 1939)
Executive Secretaries of the Regional Committee of the All-Union Communist
Party (Bolsheviks) for the Chechen Autonomous Oblast
1927 - Aug 1927            Yefrem Alekseyevich Eshba          (s.a.)
Aug 1927 - Sep 1929        Gurgen Osipovich Bulat             (b. 1900 - d. 1949)
1929 - 1930                Solomon Abramovich Khasman         (b. 1886 - d. 1954)
1930 - 1932                Georgiy Markarovich Karib          (b. 1896 - d. 1938)
                             (Tovmasyan)
1932                       Magomed Khasiyevich Omarov         (b. 1902 - d. af.1972)
First Secretary of the Regional Committee of the All-Union Communist Party
(Bolsheviks) for the Chechen Autonomous Oblast
Jun 1932 - 29 Nov 1933     Georgiy Konstantinovich Makharadze (b. 1898 - d. 1938)
Chairman of the Organizing Bureau of the North Caucasian Regional Committee of the 
All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) for the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Oblast
29 Nov 1933 - Jan 1934     Georgiy Konstantinovich Makharadze (s.a.)
First Secretaries of the Oblast Committee of the All-Union Communist Party
(Bolsheviks) for Checheno-Ingush Autonomous Oblast
Jan 1934 - Oct 1935        Georgiy Konstantinovich Makharadze (s.a.)
Oct 1935 - 12 May 1936     Vasiliy Grigoryevich Yegorov       (b. 1899 - d. 1950)
First Secretaries of the Chechen-Ingush Regional Committee of the All-Union
Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
12 May 1936 - 10 Oct 1937  Vasiliy Grigoryevich Yegorov       (s.a.)
10 Oct 1937 - May 1940     Fyodor Petrovich Bykov             (b. 1901 - d. 1980)
                             (acting to 1938)
May 1940 - Mar 1944        Viktor Aleksandrovich Ivanov       (b. 1903 - d. 1969)
First Secretaries of the Grozny Oblast Committee of the All-Union Communist
Party (Bolsheviks) 
Mar 1944 - Sep 1949        Pyotr Fyodorovich Cheplakov        (b. 1906 - d. 1985)
Sep 1949 - Dec 1955        Ivan Kuz'mich Zhegalin             (b. 1906 - d. 1984)
Dec 1955 - 24 Nov 1956     Aleksandr Ivanovich Yakovlev       (b. 1911 - d. 1989)
First Secretaries of the Checheno-Ingush National Committee of the Communist
Party of the Soviet Union
24 Nov 1956 - Jan 1959     Aleksandr Ivanovich Yakovlev       (s.a.)
Jan 1959 - Sep 1963        Aleksandr Stepanovich Trofimov     (b. 1903 - d. 1980)
Sep 1963 - 11 Jan 1966     Fyodor Yegorovich Titov            (b. 1910 - d. 1989)
11 Jan 1966 - Jul 1975     Semyon Semyonovich Apryatkin       (b. 1911 - d. 1977)
Jul 1975 - 31 Jul 1984     Aleksandr Vladimirovich Vlasov     (b. 1932 - d. 2002)
31 Jul 1984 -  1 Jul 1989  Vladimir Konstantinovich Foteyev   (b. 1935)
 1 Jul 1989 - Aug 1991     Doku Gapurovich Zavgayev           (b. 1940)

Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Chechen Autonomous Oblast Soviet
Nov 1922 - 31 Jan 1923     Tashtemir El'zhurkayevich          (s.a.)
                             El'darkhanov
Chairman of the Chechen Revolutionary Committee
 1 Feb 1923 - 29 Jul 1924  Tashtemir El'zhurkayevich          (s.a.)
                             El'darkhanov
Chairmen of the Central Executive Committee of the Chechen Autonomous Oblast
Aug 1924 - 27 Sep 1925     Tashtemir El'zhurkayevich          (s.a.)
                             El'darkhanov
Sep 1925 - Jan 1926        .... (acting)
Chairmen of the Executive Committee of the Regional Soviet of Chechen
Autonomous Oblast (Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Oblast 12 Jan 1934 - Jan 1937;
from Jan 1937 Chechen-Ingush ASSR)
Jan 1926 - 1930            Daud (Daut) Gaziyevich Arsanukayev (b. 1890 - d. af.1950)
1930 - Sep 1931            Khan Ramazanovich Mamayev
Sep 1931 - Jan 1932        .... (acting)
Jan 1932 - 1934            Magomed Khasiyevich Omarov         (s.a.)
12 Jan 1934 - Sep 1937     Ali Isayevich Gorchkhanov          (b. 1898 - d. 1954) 
Nov 1937 - Jul 1938        Yusuf Dudayevich Tambiyev          (b. 1906 - d. 1944)
Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Chechen-Ingush A.S.S.R.
Jul 1938 - Mar 1944        Yusup Dudayevich Tambiyev          (s.a.)
Chairman of the Provisional People's Revolutionary Government of Checheno-Ingushetia
28 Jan 1942 - Dec 1942     Khasan Israilov (in rebellion)     (b. c.1903 - d. 1944)  NSPKB
                             (= Israil Khant Hasan)
Chairmen of the Executive Committee of the Grozny Oblast Soviet
Mar 1944 - Dec 1949        Ivan Nikolayevich Starchak         (b. 1902 - d. 1985)
Dec 1949 - Jan 1957        Georgiy Yefremovich Kovalenko      (b. 1909 - d. 1992)
Chairman of the Organizing Committee of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
of the Chechen-Ingush
 9 Jan 1957 - 15 Apr 1958  Muslim Gayrbekovich Gayrbekov      (b. 1911 - d. 1971)
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Checheno-Ingush A.S.S.R.
16 Apr 1958 - 1971         Ilyas Abdullayevich Almazov        (b. 1899 - d. 1970)
1971 - 28 Aug 1973         Kureysh Izmailovich Ozdoyev
28 Aug 1973 - Mar 1990     Khazhbikar Khakyashevich Bokov     (b. 1935)
Chairman of the Supreme Soviet of the Checheno-Ingush A.S.S.R.
Mar 1990 - 15 Sep 1991     Doku Gapurovich Zavgayev           (s.a.)
Chairmen of the Provisional Supreme Soviet of the Checheno-Ingush Republic
15 Sep 1991 - 17 Sep 1991  Lecha Dobachevich Magomadov        (b. 1938 - d. 2005)
17 Sep 1991 -  5 Oct 1991  Khuseyn Saydaliyevich Akhmadov     (b. 1950)
Chairman of the Executive Committee of the All-National Congress of the Chechen People
 5 Oct 1991 -  9 Nov 1991  Dzhokhar Musayevich Dudayev        (b. 1944 - d. 1996)
Chairman of the Provisional Supreme Soviet of the Checheno-Ingush Republic
 7 Oct 1991 -  2 Nov 1991  Bagauddin "Baudi" Dadayevich       (b. 1949)
                             Bakhmadov
                            (in opposition to Dudayev)
Representative of the President of Russian S.F.S.R.
24 Oct 1991 - 13 Nov 1991  Akhmed Baudinovich Arsanov         (b. 1933)
                             (from 7 Nov 1991, Head of the Provisional
                             Administration of the Chechen-Ingush S.S.R.)
                            (in opposition to Dudayev)

Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars
Jul 1938 - Mar 1944        Supyan Kagirovich Mollayev         (b. 1900 - d. ....)
Mar 1944 -  9 Jan 1957     Post abolished
Chairmen of the Council of Ministers
15 Apr 1958 - 20 Jun 1971  Muslim Gayrbekovich Gayrbekov      (s.a.)
20 Jun 1971 -  1 Jul 1971  Vacant
 1 Jul 1971 - Jun 1976     Ramazan Visayevich Vakhayev      
Jun 1976 - 1990            Musa Abdurakhmanovich Karimov      (b. 1938) 
1990 - 22 Nov 1991         Sergey (Serazhetdin) Mazhitovich   (b. 1939)
                             Bekov 
Chairman of the Provisional Committee for Control over the Work of the National Economic
Complex (from 1991, Committee for the Operational Management of the National Economy)
 6 Sep 1991 - May 1992     Yaragi Magamedovich Mamodayev      (b. 1953) 

24 Jun 1920                Chuvash Autonomous Oblast (proposed as Labor Commune) created
                             (from parts of Kazan and Simbirsk governorates), within
                             Russian S.F.S.R.
21 Apr 1925                Chuvash Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (within Russian SFSR).
15 Jul 1929 -  5 Dec 1936  Within the Nizhegorodskiy (from 7 Oct 1932, Gorkiy) Kray.
 5 Dec 1936                Renamed Chuvash Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic.
19 Oct 1990                Chuvash Soviet Socialist Republic
24 Oct 1990                Declaration of state sovereignty.
13 Feb 1992                Chuvash Republic

Chairman of the Provisional Chuvash Regional Committee of the Russian Communist
Party (Bolsheviks)
 7 Oct 1920 -  1 Mar 1921  Daniil Semyonovich El'men'         (b. 1885 - d. 1932)
                             (Semyonov)
Executive Secretaries of the Chuvash Regional Committee of the Russian Communist
Party (Bolsheviks)(from 31 Dec 1925, All-Union Communist Party [Bolsheviks])
 1 Mar 1921 - 19 Oct 1921  Georgiy Stepanovich Savandeyev     (b. 1889 - d. 1949)
22 Oct 1921 - 15 Mar 1922  Anton Tikhonovich Lastochkin       (b. 1892 - d. 1968)
18 Mar 1922 - 12 Oct 1922  Gavriil Mikhaylovich Mikhaylov     (b. 1895 - d. 1967)
15 Oct 1922 - 10 May 1924  Daniil Semyonovich El'men'         (s.a.)
                             (Semyonov)
15 May 1924 - 22 Oct 1925  Mikhail Timofeyevich Tomasov       (b. 1896 - d. 1978)
22 Oct 1925 - 22 Nov 1926  Vasiliy Alekseyevich Alekseyev     (b. 1893 - d. 1970)
22 Nov 1926 - 1932         Sergey Porfiryevich Petrov         (b. 1889 - d. 1942)
First Secretaries of the Chuvash Regional Committee of the All-Union Communist
Party (Bolsheviks)(from 13 Oct 1952, Communist Party of the Soviet Union)
1932 - 14 Nov 1937         Sergey Porfiryevich Petrov         (s.a.)
14 Nov 1937 - 17 Sep 1938  Gerasim Ivanovich Ivanov           (b. 1905 - d. 1938)
17 Sep 1938 -  4 Mar 1940  Aleksey Alekseyevich Volkov        (b. 1890 - d. 1942)
                             (acting to 1 Oct 1938)  
 4 Mar 1940 -  2 Dec 1948  Ivan Matveyevich Charykov          (b. 1902 - d. 1965)
 2 Dec 1948 - 14 Nov 1955  Timofey Arkadyevich Akhazov        (b. 1907 - d. 1979)
14 Nov 1955 -  4 Jan 1968  Semyon Matveyevich Islyukov        (b. 1915 - d. 1998)
 4 Jan 1968 - 28 Nov 1973  Nikolay Anatolyevich Voronovskiy   (b. 1914 - d. 1973)
28 Nov 1973 - 14 Jan 1974  Pyotr Andreyevich Chichikin        (b. 1916 - d. 1994)
                             (acting)
14 Jan 1974 - 25 Oct 1988  Ilya Pavlovich Prokopyev           (b. 1926 - d. 2017)
25 Oct 1988 -  2 Jun 1990  Aleksandr Petrovich Petrov         (b. 1933)
 2 Jun 1990 - Aug 1990     Valentin Sergeyevich Shurchanov    (b. 1947)
First Secretary of the Chuvash Republican Committee of the Communist Party
of the Russian S.F.S.R.
Aug 1990 - 23 Aug 1991     Valentin Sergeyevich Shurchanov    (s.a.)

Chairman of the Chuvash Revolutionary Committee
 2 Apr 1920 -  7 Nov 1920  Daniil Semyonovich El'men'         (s.a.)
Chairmen of the Executive Committee of the Regional Soviet
11 Nov 1920 - 1921         Daniil Semyonovich El'men'         (s.a.)
30 Jun 1921 - 14 May 1924  Sergey Andreyevich Korichev        (b. 1890 - d. 1961) 
14 May 1924 - Feb 1926     Ivan Illarionovich Illarionov      (b. 1893 - d. 1969)
Chairmen of the Central Executive Committee
Feb 1926 - Sep 1927        Ivan Illarionovich Illarionov      (s.a.)
Sep 1927 - Mar 1929        Nikolay Lukich Yushunev (Lukin)    (b. 1895 - d. 1942)
Mar 1929 - Oct 1937        Aleksandr Nikitich Nikitin         (b. 1892 - d. 1942)
Oct 1937 - 26 Jul 1938     Zoya Ananyevna Andreyeva (f)       (b. 1899 - d. 1983)
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
29 Jul 1938 - 19 Dec 1955  Zoya Ananyevna Andreyeva (f)       (s.a.)
19 Dec 1955 - 23 Mar 1957  Dmitriy Yakovlevich Mitkov         (b. 1899 - d. 1976)
23 Mar 1957 - 24 Nov 1967  Timofey Arkadyevich Akhazov        (s.a.)
 4 Jan 1968 - 21 Mar 1985  Semyon Matveyevich Islyukov        (s.a.)
21 Mar 1985 - 19 Dec 1988  Aleksandr Petrovich Petrov         (s.a.)
19 Dec 1988 - 25 Apr 1990  Anatoliy Mikhaylovich Leontyev     (b. 1937 - d. 2007)
Chairmen of the Supreme Soviet
25 Apr 1990 - 29 Aug 1991  Anatoliy Mikhaylovich Leontyev     (s.a.)
29 Aug 1991 - 25 Dec 1991  Eduard Aleksyevich Kubarev         (b. 1939 - d. 2018)

Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars
 5 Nov 1925 -  6 Jul 1926  Sergey Andreyevich Korichev        (b. 1890 - d. 1961)
Nov 1926 - May 1927        Aleksandr Yakovlevich Yakovlev     (b. 1894 - d. 1948)
May 1927 - Feb 1930        Ananiy Mikhaylovich Mikhaylov      (b. 1898 - d. 1942)
Feb 1930 - Feb 1931        Pavel Yakovlevich Samarin          (b. 1895 - d. 1964)
Feb 1931 - Feb 1932        Luka Semyonovich Spasov (1st time) (b. 1899 - d. 1955)
Mar 1932 - Jul 1937        Vasiliy Ivanovich Toksin           (b. 1899 - d. 1942)
Sep 1937 - 26 Jul 1938     Luka Semyonovich Spasov (2nd time) (s.a.)
31 Jul 1938 - 20 Oct 1938  Aleksey Alekseyevich Volkov        (s.a.)
Dec 1938 - 12 Jul 1942     Aleksandr Vasilyevich Somov        (b. 1906 - d. 1992)
12 Jul 1942 - 28 Mar 1946  Anton Matveyevich Matveyev         (b. 1903 - d. 1971)
Chairmen of the Council of Ministers
28 Mar 1946 - 22 Mar 1947  Anton Matveyevich Matveyev         (s.a.)
22 Mar 1947 -  3 Feb 1955  Illaryon Afanasyevich Afanasyev    (b. 1905 - d. 1975)
 3 Feb 1955 - 14 Nov 1955  Semyon Matveyevich Islyukov        (s.a.)
14 Nov 1955 - Dec 1962     Anatoliy Sergeyevich Yerlakov      (b. 1918 - d. 1987)
Dec 1962 - Apr 1975        Mikhail Vasilyevich Zaytsev        (b. 1921 - d. 1985)
Apr 1975 - Nov 1989        Leonid Prokopyevich Prokopyev      (b. 1934 - d. 2006)
Dec 1989 - 25 Dec 1991     Nikolay Arkhipovich Zaytsev        (b. 1942)

20 Jan 1921                Dagestan Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic, within Russian
                             S.F.S.R. (proclaimed 13 Nov 1920).
 6 Sep 1931 -  5 Dec 1936  Within the North Caucasus (Severo-Kavkazskiy) Kray.
 5 Dec 1936                Renamed Dagestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic.
13 May 1991                Declaration of state sovereignty.
17 Sep 1991                Dagestan Soviet Socialist Republic
17 Dec 1991                Republic of Dagestan

Chairmen of the Provisional Dagestan Regional Bureau of the Russian
Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
 6 Dec 1920 -  5 Jan 1921  Mikhail Aleksandrovich Korobkin    (b. 1889 - d. 1929)
 5 Jan 1921 - 16 Feb 1921  Aleksandr Solomonovich Khavenson   (b. 1897 - d. 1963)
Executive Secretaries of the Regional Committee of the Russian
Communist Party (Bolsheviks)(from 31 Dec 1925, All-Union Communist Party [Bolsheviks])
16 Feb 1921 - 28 Feb 1921  Aleksandr Solomonovich Khavenson   (s.a.)
12 Mar 1921 - 1922         Georgy Ya. Poleshko                (b. 1890 - d. 1945)
1922                       Ibragim Makhmud ogly Aliyev        (b. 1890 - d. 1938)
1922 - Jan 1923            Aleksey Viktorovich Perimov        (b. 1897 - d. 1937)
15 Jan 1923 - Feb 1924     Martemyan Nikitich Ryutin          (b. 1890 - d. 1937)
Feb 1924 - 1924            Mussa Azamatovich Kundukhov        (b. 1890 - d. 1931)
1924 - 1927                Magomed Alibekovich Dalgat         (b. 1893 - d. 1942)
1927 - 1928                Moisey Lazarevich Granovskiy       (b. 1890 - d. 1941)
1928 - Jun 1931            Aleksandr Ivanovich Muravyov       (b. 1894 - d. 1941)
Jun 1931 - 1932            Aron Abramovich Tsekher            (b. 1895 - d. 1938)
First Secretaries of the Dagestan Regional Committee of the All-Union Communist Party
(Bolsheviks) (from 13 Oct 1952, Communist Party of the Soviet Union)
1932 - 10 Mar 1934         Aron Abramovich Tsekher            (s.a.)
10 Mar 1934 -  9 Oct 1937  Nazhmutdin Panakhovich Samurskiy   (b. 1891 - d. 1938)
                             (Efendiyev)  
 9 Oct 1937 - Jan 1939     Maksim Fydorovich Sorokin          (b. 1899 - d. 1965)
Jan 1939 - 27 Sep 1942     Nikolay Iosifovich Linkun          (b. 1904 - d. 1977)
27 Sep 1942 -  3 Dec 1948  Aziz Mamed Kerimovich Aliyev       (b. 1897 - d. 1962)
 3 Dec 1948 - 29 Nov 1967  Abdurakhman Daniyalovich Daniyalov (b. 1908 - d. 1981)
29 Nov 1967 - 24 May 1983  Magomed-Salam Ilyasovich Umakhanov (b. 1918 - d. 1992)
24 May 1983 -  6 Mar 1990  Magomed Yusupovich Yusupov         (b. 1935 - d. 2018)
First Secretary of the Dagestan Republican Committee of the Communist Party
of the Russian S.F.S.R.
 6 Mar 1990 - 23 Aug 1991  Mukhu Gimbatovich Aliyev           (b. 1940)

Chairman of the Dagestan Revolutionary Committee ("Dagrevkom")
Nov 1920 -  1 Dec 1921     Dzhelaleddin Aselderovich          (b. 1890 - d. 1919)
                             Korkmasov
Chairmen of the Central Executive Committee
Dec 1921 - 1928            Nazhmutdin Panakhovich Samurskiy   (s.a.)
                             (Efendiyev)  
1928 - 1937                Magomed Alibekovich Dalgat         (s.a.)
1937 - 26 Jul 1938         Adil-Girey Takhtarov               (b. 1886 - d. 1962)
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
26 Jul 1938 - 1950         Adil-Girey Takhtarov               (s.a.)
1950 - 1952                Abdul-Gamid Nukhayevich            (b. 1903 - d. 1957)
                             Batyrmurzayev       
1952 - 1954                Arslan-Ali Mantayevich Mantayev    (b. 1918 - d. 1997)
1954 - Mar 1962            Gadshikasum Shikhmurzaevich Aliyev 
Mar 1962 - Nov 1967        Roza Abdulbasirovna El'darova (f)  (b. 1923)
Nov 1967 - 1970            Abdurakhman Daniyalovich Daniyalov (s.a.)
1970 - 1978                Shakhrudin Magometovich Shamkhalov (b. 1914 - d. 2000)
1978 - Aug 1987            Alipasha Dzhalalovich Umalatov     (b. 1927) 
Aug 1987 - 24 Apr 1990     Magomedali Magomedovich Magomedov  (b. 1930)
Chairman of the Supreme Soviet
24 Apr 1990 - 25 Dec 1991  Magomedali Magomedovich Magomedov  (s.a.)

Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars
Dec 1921 - 29 Dec 1931     Dzhelaleddin Aselderovich          (s.a.)
                             Korkmasov
29 Dec 1931 - Sep 1937     Kerim Guseynovich Mamedbekov       (b. 1899 - d. 1938)
Sep 1937 - Mar 1940        Dzhemalutdin Makhmudovich          (b. 1908 - d. 1982) 
                             Magomedov
Mar 1940 - 28 Mar 1946     Abdurakhman Daniyalovich Daniyalov (s.a.)
Chairmen of the Council of Ministers 
28 Mar 1946 - Dec 1948     Abdurakhman Daniyalovich Daniyalov (s.a.)
Dec 1948 - 1951            Salam Mukhtadirovich Aidinbekov    (b. 1912 - d. 1967)
1951 - 29 Dec 1956         Magomed Medzhidovich Medzhidov     (b. 1910 - d. 1981)
29 Dec 1956 - 30 Nov 1967  Magomed-Salam Ilyasovich Umakhanov (s.a.) 
30 Nov 1967 - 1978         Alipasha Dzhalalovich Umalatov     (s.a.)
1978 - May 1983            Magomed Yusupovich Yusupov         (s.a.)
May 1983 - Aug 1987        Magomedali Magomedovich Magomedov  (s.a.)
Aug 1987 - 25 Dec 1991     Abdurazak Mardanovich Mirzabekov   (b. 1938 - d. 2008)

20 Jan 1921 -  1 Sep 1921  Part of the Mountain A.S.S.R., as Kabardin Okrug and Balkar Okrug
                             (referred retrospectively to as the "National Okruga").
 1 Sep 1921                Kabarda Autonomous Oblast (created from Kabardin Okrug of Mountain
                             A.S.S.R.), within the Russian S.F.S.R.
16 Jan 1922                Kabarda A.O. combined with Balkarian Okrug as the Kabardino-
                             Balkar Autonomous Oblast, within the Russian S.F.S.R.
16 Oct 1924 -  5 Dec 1936  Within the North Caucasus (Severo-Kavkazskiy) Kray.
 5 Dec 1936                Kabardino-Balkar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
28 Oct 1942 -  4 Jan 1943  German occupation of nearly half of Kabardino-Balkaria.
 8 Apr 1944                Kabardino-Balkar A.S.S.R. dissolved.
 8 Apr 1944 -  9 Jan 1957  Kabardin Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
 9 Jan 1957                Kabardino-Balkar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (restored).
31 Jan 1991                Declaration of state sovereignty (Kabardino-Balkarian Soviet
                             Socialist Republic).
10 Mar 1992                Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria

Executive Secretaries of the Kabarda Autonomous Oblast (from 16 Jan 1922,
Kabardino-Balkar A.O.) Committee of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
(from 31 Dec 1925, All-Union Communist Party [Bolsheviks])
1921 - Mar 1923            Boleslav Ol'gerdovich Pavlovich
Mar 1923 - Apr 1924        Stepan Andreyevich Mikhaylov
Apr 1924 - May 1925        Pavel Donatovich Leshchinskiy      (b. 1895 - d. 1938)
May 1925 - Jul 1928        Ivan Nikolayevich Borovitskiy      (b. 1894 - d. 1974)
Jul 1928 - Sep 1928        Ivan Ivanovich Povalyukhin
Oct 1928 - Mar 1929        Vasiliy Mikhaylovich Dulin         (b. 1894 - d. 1965)
Mar 1929 - May 1929        Kazgeri Uvzhokovich Maksidov       (b. 1893 - d. 1937)
May 1929 - Jan 1930        Aleksandr Petrovich Fyodorov
Feb 1930 - May 1930        Nikolay Fyodorovich Sevastyanov    (b. 1896 - d. 1941)
May 1930 - 1932            Betal Edykovich Kalmykov           (b. 1893 - d. 1940)
First Secretaries of the Regional Committee of the All-Union Communist Party
(Bolsheviks) for the Kabardino-Balkar Autonomous Oblast (from 5 Dec 1936, A.S.S.R.)
1932 - 13 Nov 1938         Betal Edykovich Kalmykov           (s.a.)
13 Nov 1938 - Dec 1939     Aleksandr Vasilyevich Kudryavtsev  (b. 1906 - d. 1970)
Dec 1939 - 10 Apr 1944     Zuber Dokshukovich Kumekhov        (b. 1910 - d. 1988)
First Secretaries of the Kabardian Regional Committee of the All-Union Communist
Party (Bolsheviks)(from 13 Oct 1952, Communist Party of the Soviet Union)
10 Apr 1944 - May 1949     Nikolay Petrovich Mazin            (b. 1909 - d. 1972)
May 1949 - Dec 1956        Vasiliy Ivanovich Babich           (b. 1912 - d. 1988)
Dec 1956 - Jan 1957        Timbora Kubatiyevich Mal'bakhov    (b. 1917 - d. 1999)
First Secretaries of the Kabardino-Balkarian Regional (from Jul 1990, Republican)
Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
Jan 1957 - 19 Oct 1985     Timbora Kubatiyevich Mal'bakhov    (s.a.)
19 Oct 1985 - 21 Feb 1990  Yevgeniy Aleksandrovich Yeliseyev  (b. 1936)
21 Feb 1990 -  1 Sep 1990  Valeriy Mukhamedovich Kokov        (b. 1941 - d. 2005)
 1 Sep 1990 - 15 Dec 1990  Boris Mustafayevich Zumakulov      (b. 1940)
First Secretary of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republican Committee of the Communist
Party of the Russian S.F.S.R.
15 Dec 1990 - 23 Aug 1991  Boris Mustafayevich Zumakulov      (s.a.)

Chairman of the Kabardian Revolutionary Committee
30 Jul 1921 - 30 Nov 1921  Betal Edykovich Kalmykov           (s.a.) 
Chairmen of the Executive Committee 
 1 Dec 1921 - May 1930     Betal Edykovich Kalmykov           (s.a.) 
May 1930 - 1934            Kellet El'murzayevich Ul'bashev    (b. 1884 - d. 1938)
1934 - 26 Jul 1938         Ishu Ortabayevich Cherkesov        (b. 1900 - d. 1944)
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet 
26 Jul 1938 - 1939         Masha Gerandukovich Kankulov       (b. 1889 - d. 1944)
15 May 1939 - 27 Jan 1941  Azret Gonayevich Mokayev           (b. 1899 - d. 1943)
27 Jan 1941 - Apr 1944     Ismail Lokmanovich Ul'bashev       (b. 1914 - d. 1995)
 6 Dec 1942 - Feb 1943     Selim Shadov (in rebellion)
                             (president of the Kabardino-Balkar National Committee)
Apr 1944 - 1944            Khasanbi Kaseyevich Akhokhov       (b. 1907 - d. 1965)
1944 - 1952                Cherim Karamurzovich Kudayev       (b. 1909 - d. 2001)
Sep 1952 - Jan 1957        Timbora Kubatiyevich Mal'bakhov    (s.a.)
Jan 1957 - 1959            Kalimet Tutovich Tlostanov         (b. 1908 - d. 1990)
Dec 1959 - Apr 1967        Chomay Batalovich Uyanayev         (b. 1914 - d. 1985)
Apr 1967 - 1979            Magomet Ismailovich Gettuyev       (b. 1916 - d. 1985)
1979 - Mar 1990            Boris Kasimovich Chabdarov         (b. 1936 - d. 2001) 
Chairmen of the Supreme Soviet
30 Mar 1990 - 17 Sep 1991  Valeriy Mukhamedovich Kokov        (s.a.)
17 Sep 1991 - 25 Dec 1991  Khachim Mukhamedovich Karmokov     (b. 1941)

Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars
26 Jul 1938 - Nov 1938     Ishu Ortabayevich Cherkesov        (s.a.)
Nov 1938 - 1939            Tuzer Askhadovich Zhakomikhov      (b. 1903 - d. 1977)
1939 - Apr 1944            Khasanbi Kaseyevich Akhokhov       (s.a.)
Apr 1944 - Sep 1944        Zuber Dokshukovich Kumekhov        (s.a.)
Sep 1944 - 1945            .... (acting)
1945 - 28 Mar 1946         Zhankhot Dzaovich Khuzhokov        (b. 1906 - d. af.1968)
Chairmen of the Council of Ministers
28 Mar 1946 - 1947         Zhankhot Dzaovich Khuzhokov        (s.a.)
1947 - 1951                Izrail Musovich Kazmakhov          (b. 1911 - d. 1981)
1951 - Jan 1957            Kalimet Tutovich Tlostanov         (s.a.)
Jan 1957 - Jul 1969        Aslanbi Nakhovich Akhokhov         (b. 1912 - d. 1980)
Jul 1969 - Jan 1984        Kishuka Sagidovich Kushkhov        (b. 1923 - d. 1998)
Jan 1984 - Nov 1988        Musa Ilyasovich Dokshokov          (b. 1932 - d. 2015)
Nov 1988 - Sep 1991        Mikhail Shuyevich Mamkhegov        (b. 1936 - d. 2005) 
Sep 1991 - 25 Dec 1991     Georgiy Mashtayevich Cherkesov     (b. 1938)

 4 Nov 1920                Kalmyk People's Autonomous Oblast created (from parts of Astrakhan
                             and Stavropol governorates), within Russian S.F.S.R.
18 Jan 1926                Kalmyk Autonomous Oblast (within Russian S.F.S.R.)
21 May 1928 - 10 Oct 1934  Within Lower Volga Kray.
10 Oct 1934 -  5 Dec 1936  Within Stalingrad Kray.
20 Oct 1935                Kalmyk Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (within Russian SFSR).
 5 Dec 1936                Renamed Kalmyk Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic.
Aug 1942 – Dec 1942        German occupation of western Kalmykia, including Elista.
27 Dec 1943 - 29 Jul 1958  Kalmyk A.S.S.R. abolished, divided between Stavropol kray and
                             Astrakhan oblast.
 9 Jan 1957 - 29 Jul 1958  Kalmyk Autonomous Oblast (within Stavropol kray).
29 Jul 1958                Kalmyk Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (restored).
18 Oct 1990                Declaration of state sovereignty (Kalmyk Soviet Socialist
                             Republic).
29 Jan 1991                Kalmyk Soviet Socialist Republic - Khalmg Tangch

Executive Secretaries of the Oblast Committee of the Russian Communist Party
(Bolsheviks)(from 31 Dec 1925, All-Union Communist Party [Bolsheviks])
20 Feb 1921 - 11 Aug 1921  Arashi Chapchayevich Chapchayev    (b. 1890 - d. 1938)
14 Aug 1921 - Oct 1923     Ivan Romanovich Marbush-Stepanov   (b. 1891 - d. 19..) 
Oct 1923 - May 1925        Trofim Kuz'mich Borisov            (b. 1891 - d. 1943)
May 1925 - 17 Nov 1927     Ivan Kuz'mich Glukhov              (b. 1892 - d. 1962)
19 Nov 1927 - 1932         Khokhol Mandzhiyevich Dzhalykov    (b. 1887 - d. 1938)
First Secretaries of the Kalmyk Oblast Committee of the All-Union Communist
Party (Bolsheviks)
1932 -  6 Jan 1934         Khokhol Mandzhiyevich Dzhalykov    (s.a.)
10 Jan 1934 - 30 Nov 1935  Andzhur Pyurbeyevich Pyurbeyev     (b. 1904 - d. 1938)
30 Nov 1935 - 28 Feb 1939  Ivan Nikolayevich Karpov           (b. 1892 - d. 1953)
28 Feb 1939 - 27 Feb 1943  Pyotr Vasilyevich Lavrentyev       (b. 1906 - d. 1989)
27 Feb 1943 - Dec 1943     Aleksandr Fyodorovich Likomidov    (b. 1907 - d. 19..)
Dec 1943 - Dec 1956        Post abolished
First Secretary of the Organizing Bureau of the Central Committee of the
Communist Party of the Soviet Union for the Kalmyk Autonomous Oblast
16 Dec 1956 - 28 Dec 1957  Nikolay Ignatyevich Zhezlov        (b. 1910 - d. 1985)
First Secretary of the Oblast Committee of the Communist Party of the
Soviet Union for the Kalmyk Autonomous Oblast
29 Dec 1957 - 22 Jun 1958  Nikolay Ignatyevich Zhezlov        (s.a.)
First Secretaries of the Regional Committee of the Communist Party of the
Soviet Union for the Kalmyk Autonomous Region
22 Jun 1958 - Feb 1959     Nikolay Ignatyevich Zhezlov        (s.a.)
Feb 1959 - Aug 1961        Mikhail Aleksandrovich Ponomaryov  (b. 1918 - d. 2001)
Aug 1961 - 20 Dec 1978     Basan Badminovich Gorodovikov      (b. 1910 - d. 1983)
20 Dec 1978 - 20 Dec 1985  Vladimir Illarionovich Nikulin     (b. 1928)
20 Dec 1985 - 25 Sep 1990  Vladimir Andreyevich Zakharov      (b. 1936)
First Secretary of the Kalmyk Republican Committee of the Communist Party of the
Soviet Union (from 1991, Communist Party of the Russian S.F.S.R.)
25 Sep 1990 - 23 Aug 1991  Boris Dolyayevich Muyev            (b. 1942)
                             (acting to 27 Oct 1990)

Chairmen of the Central Executive Committee (Jan 1926-Nov 1935 Executive Committee)
Jul 1920 - Feb 1921        Arashi Chapchayevich Chapchayev    (s.a.)
                             (1st time)
Feb 1921 - Aug 1921        Galzan Mankirovich Mankirov        (b. 1895 - d. 1942)
Aug 1921 - 29 Apr 1924     Arashi Chapchayevich Chapchayev    (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
Apr 1924 - 1925            Aleksey Grigoryevich Maslov        (b. 1903 - d. 1972)
Aug 1925 - 1926            Kharti Badiyevich Kanukov          (b. 1883 - d. 1933)
1926 - af.1927             Erdni-Ara Kekeyevich Kekeyev       (b. 1888 - d. 1937)
bf.1929 - af.1930          Andzhur Pyurbeyevich Pyurbeyev     (s.a.)
1933 - Jul 1938            Vasiliy Alekseyevich Khomutnikov   (b. 1891 - d. 1945) 
Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet 
Jul 1938 - 28 Dec 1943     Dorzhi Pyurvyevich Pyurveyev       (b. 1905 - d. 1953)
1942 – 1943                Shamba Balinov (in rebellion)      (b. 1894 - d. 1959)
                             (president of Kalmyk National Committee)
28 Dec 1943 - Dec 1956     Post abolished
Chairmen of the Executive Committee
Dec 1956 - 1958            Dorzhi Badmayevich Utnasunov
1958 - 28 Oct 1958         Yerenzhen Agildzhanovich Sangayev  (b. 1910 - d. 1980)
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
Oct 1958 - Jan 1962        Lidzhi Karvenovich Kilganov        (b. 1906 - d. 19..) 
Jan 1962 - Dec 1974        Yerenzhen Agildzhanovich Sangayev  (s.a.)
Dec 1974 - 1985            Ilya Yevgenyevich Namsinov         (b. 1920 - d. 2010)
1985 - 1987                Gennadiy Grigoryevich Tsakirov     (b. 1935 - d. 2005)
1987 - 1990                A.B. Aldayev
Chairman of the Supreme Soviet
1990 - 25 Dec 1991         Vladimir Mantsynovich Basanov      (b. 1948)

Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars
 2 Nov 1935 - Oct 1937     Andzhur Pyurbeyevich Pyurbeyev     (s.a.) 
1937 - Dec 1943            Nal'dzhi Lidzhievich Garyayev      (b. 1889 - d. 1958)
Dec 1943 - Oct 1958        Post abolished
Chairmen of the Council of Ministers
28 Oct 1958 - Jan 1962     Yerenzhen Agildzhanovich Sangayev  (s.a.)
Mar 1962 - 1967            Grigoriy Badmayevich Bembinov      (b. 1923)
1967 - Mar 1974            Yerdni Chudutovich Mandzhiyev      (b. 1923 - d. 1974)
Mar 1974 - Aug 1989        Lag Tsaganmandzhiyevich            (b. 1935)
                             Badmakhalgayev
Aug 1989 - 25 Dec 1991     Batyr Chimidovich Mikhaylov        (b. 1941)

 8 Jun 1920                Karelian Labor Commune (Karel'skaya Trudovaya Kommuna) created
                             (from parts of Arkhangelsk and Olonets Governorates), within
                             the Russian S.F.S.R.
25 Jul 1923                Karelian Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (Karel'skaya Avtonomnaya
                             Sotsialisticheskaya Sovetskaya Respublika/Karjalan autonominen
                             sosialistinen neuvostotasavalta), within the Russian S.F.S.R.
 5 Dec 1936                Renamed Karelian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (Karel'skaya
                             Avtonomnaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika/Karjalan
                             autonominen sosialistinen neuvostotasavalta).
31 Mar 1940                Accession to the Soviet Union (see under Russia).
31 Mar 1940                Karelo-Finnish Soviet Socialist Republic (Karelo-Finskaya Sovetskaya
                             Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika/Karjalais-suomalainen sosialistinen
                             neuvostotasavalta).
27 Jul 1941 - 19 Sep 1944  Mostly occupied by Finland (Petrozavodsk renamed Äänislinna); the
                             S.S.R. government moves to Belomorsk (Olonets occupied 5 Sep 1941,
                             Petrozavodsk on 1 Oct 1941).
20 Jun 1944                Soviet forces re-occupy Vyborg.
28 Jun 1944                Soviet forces re-occupy Petrozavodsk (and Olonets on 25 Jun 1944).
16 Jul 1956                Re-incorporated into the Russian S.F.S.R. as the Karelian
                             Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (Karel'skaya Avtonomnaya
                             Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika/Karjalan autonominen
                             sosialistinen neuvostotasavalta).
 9 Aug 1990                Declaration of state sovereignty as the Karelian Soviet Socialist
                             Republic (Karel'skaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika/
                             Karjalan sosialistinen neuvostotasavalta).
13 Nov 1991                Republic of Karelia (Respublika Kareliya/Karjalan tasavalta).

Executive Secretary of Karelian Oblast and Olonets Governorate Committee of
the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
Aug 1920 - Nov 1921        Ivan Alekseyevich Danilov          (b. 1893 - d. 1953)
Executive Secretaries of Karelian Labor Commune Regional Committee of
the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
Nov 1921 - Mar 1922        Vasiliy Mikhaylovich Kudzhiyev     (b. 1890 - d. 1976)
Mar 1922 - 25 Jul 1923     Iogan Andreyevich Yarvisalo        (b. 1888 - d. 1929)
Executive Secretaries of the Karelian Regional Committee of the Russian
Communist Party (Bolsheviks)(from 31 Dec 1925, of the All-Union Communist Party
[Bolsheviks])
25 Jul 1923 - 14 May 1929  Iogan Andreyevich Yarvisalo        (s.a.)
                             (= Johan Emil Järvisalo)
14 May 1929 - 19 Jun 1929  Vacant
19 Jun 1929 - 1932         Gustav Semyonovich Rovio           (b. 1887 - d. 1938)
                             (= Kustaa Adolf Rovio)
First Secretaries of the Karelian Regional Committee of the All-Union Communist
Party (Bolsheviks)
1932 – 21 Aug 1935         Gustav Semyonovich Rovio           (s.a.)
21 Aug 1935 - Jul 1937     Pyotr Andreyevich Irklis           (b. 1887 - d. 1937)
                             (= Pēteris Irklis)
Jul 1937 - 16 Sep 1937     Mikhail Nikolayevich Nikolskiy     (b. 1902 - d. 1938)
                             (acting)
Sep 1937 - 17 Jun 1938     Nikolay Ivanovich Ivanov (acting)  (b. 1896 - d. 1956)
Jun 1938 - 24 Apr 1940     Gennadiy Nikolayevich Kupriyanov   (b. 1905 - d. 1979)
First Secretaries of the Central Committee of the Karelo-Finnish Soviet Socialist Republic Communist Party (Bolsheviks)(from 13 Oct 1952, Karelo-Finnish Communist Party)
27 Apr 1940 - 25 Jan 1950  Gennadiy Nikolayevich Kupriyanov   (s.a.)
25 Jan 1950 - 27 Sep 1950  Aleksandr Andreyevich Kondakov     (b. 1908 - d. 1954)
27 Sep 1950 - 16 Aug 1955  Aleksandr Nikolayevich Yegorov     (b. 1904 - d. 1988) 
16 Aug 1955 - 25 Jul 1956  Leonid Ignatyevich Lubennikov      (b. 1910 - d. 1988) 
First Secretaries of the Karelian Regional Committee of the Communist
Party of the Soviet Union
25 Jul 1956 - Sep 1958     Leonid Ignatyevich Lubennikov      (s.a.) 
Sep 1958 - 18 Apr 1984     Ivan Ilyich Sen'kin                (b. 1915 - d. 1986)
18 Apr 1984 - 30 Nov 1989  Vladimir Sevastyanovich Stepanov   (b. 1927)
30 Nov 1989 - 17 May 1991  Nikolay Yakovlevich Kiryanov       (b. 1940)
First Secretary of the Karelian Republican Committee of the Communist
Party of the Soviet Union
17 May 1991 - 23 Aug 1991  Nikolay Yakovlevich Kiryanov       (s.a.)

Chairman of the Karelian Revolutionary Committee
 8 Jun 1920 - 11 Feb 1921  Edvard Aleksandrovich Gyulling     (b. 1881 - d. 1938)  RKP
                             (= Edvard Otto Vilhelm Gylling)
Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Regional Council
Feb 1921 - Sep 1923        Edvard Aleksandrovich Gyulling     (s.a.)               RKP
                             (and chairmen of Karelo-Murmanskiy Revolutionary
                             Committee Dec 1921 - Feb 1922)
Chairmen of the Central Executive Committee
Sep 1923 - Dec 1924        Aleksandr Vasilyevich Shotman      (b. 1880 - d. 1937)  RKP
                             (= Aleksanteri Edmund Schottmann)
Dec 1924 - May 1928        Aleksandr Fyodorovich Nuorteva     (b. 1881 - d. 1929) RKP;1925 VKP
                             (= Santeri Nuorteva)
1928 - 13 Jan 1934         Nikolay Aleksandrovich Yushchiev   (b. 1895 - d. 1938)  VKP
13 Jan 1934 - 12 Jan 1935  Vasiliy Petrovich Averkiyev        (b. 1894 - d. 1936)  VKP
12 Jan 1935 - Oct 1937     Nikolay Vasilyevich Arkhipov       (b. 1894 - d. 1938)  VKP
Oct 1937 - 26 Jul 1938     Mark Vasilyevich Gorbachev         (b. 1902 - d. 1964)  VKP
                             (Gorbachyov)
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
28 Jul 1938 - 11 Jul 1940  Mark Vasilyevich Gorbachev         (s.a.)           VKP;1940 KPKF-B
                             (Gorbachyov)
                             (acting from 31 Mar 1940)
11 Jul 1940 - 16 Jul 1956  Otto Vil'gel'movich Kuusinen       (b. 1881 - d. 1964)  KPKF-B;
                             (= Otto Ville Kuusinen)                               1952 KPKF
16 Jul 1956 - 18 Jul 1979  Pavel Stepanovich Prokofyev        (b. 1909 - d. 1979)  KPSS
                             (= Paavo Prokkonen)
18 Jul 1979 - 28 Aug 1979  Nikolay Ivanovich Kalinin          (b. 1922 - d. 2008)  KPSS  
                             (1st time) (acting)
28 Aug 1979 -  9 Mar 1984  Ivan Pavlovich Man'kin             (b. 1924 - d. 1984)  KPSS 
 9 Mar 1984 - 18 Apr 1984  Nikolay Ivanovich Kalinin          (s.a.)               KPSS
                             (2nd time) (acting) 
18 Apr 1984 - 12 Dec 1985  Ivan Ilyich Sen'kin                (s.a.)               KPSS
12 Dec 1985 - 21 Jan 1986  Viktor Borisovich Cheremovskiy                          KPSS
                             (acting)
21 Jan 1986 - 27 Dec 1989  Kuz'ma Filippovich Filatov         (b. 1929 - d. 2008)  KPSS
27 Dec 1989 - 18 Apr 1990  Viktor Nikolayevich Stepanov       (b. 1947)            KPSS
Chairman of the Supreme Soviet
18 Apr 1990 - 25 Dec 1991  Viktor Nikolayevich Stepanov       (s.a.)               KPSS
 

Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars
 4 Sep 1923 -  5 Nov 1935  Edvard Aleksandrovich Gyulling     (s.a.)              RKP;1925 VKP
 5 Nov 1935 - Aug 1937     Pavel Ivanovich Bushuyev           (b. 1890 - d. 1937)  VKP
16 Oct 1937 -  8 Jul 1940  Pyotr Vasilyevich Solyakov         (b. 1891 - d. 1962)  VKP
Jul 1940                   Ivan Petrovich Babkin (acting)     (b. 1885 - d. 1940)  KPKF-B
Jul 1940 - 15 Mar 1946     Pavel Stepanovich Prokofyev        (b. 1909 - d. 1979)  KPKF-B
                             (= Paavo Prokkonen)
Chairmen of the Council of Ministers
15 Mar 1946 - Feb 1947     Pavel Stepanovich Prokofyev        (s.a.)               KPKF-B
                             (1st time)
Feb 1947 - 24 Feb 1950     Vol'demar Matveyevich Virolaynen   (b. 1901 - d. 1983)  KPKF-B
                             (= Valdemar Virolainen)
Feb 1950 - Aug 1956        Pavel Stepanovich Prokofyev        (s.a.)           KPKF-B;1952 KPKF
                             (2nd time)
20 Aug 1956 - 22 Mar 1967  Ivan Stepanovich Belyayev          (b. 1907 - d. 1967)  KPSS
Apr 1967 - Dec 1984        Andrey Alekseyevich Kochetov       (b. 1914 - d. 1999)  KPSS
Dec 1984 - 27 Dec 1989     Yuriy Nikolayevich Ivanov          (b. 1929 - d. 2002)  KPSS
27 Dec 1989 - 25 Dec 1991  Sergey Petrovich Blinnikov         (b. 1945)            KPSS
 

Finnish military administration in Eastern Karelia

Commandants of the Finnish Military Administration in Eastern Karelia 
(at Mikkeli, Finland to 15 Oct 1942; then Joensuu, Finland 15 Oct 1942 - 15 Nov 1943;
then Äänislinna [Petrozavodsk] to 27 Jun 1944)
15 Jul 1941 - 15 Jun 1942  Väinö Aleksanteri Kotilainen       (b. 1887 - d. 1959)  Mil
15 Jun 1942 - 19 Aug 1943  Johan Viktor Arajuuri              (b. 1894 - d. 1961)  Mil
19 Aug 1943 - Sep 1944     Martti Olavi "Olli" Paloheimo      (b. 1894 - d. 1974)  Mil

Finnish General Officers Commanding the Army of Karelia
 9 Jul 1941 - Dec 1941     Aksel Erik Heinrichs               (b. 1890 - d. 1965)  Mil
Dec 1941 - Jan 1942        Karl Lennart Oesch                 (b. 1892 - d. 1978)  Mil
Finnish General Officers Commanding the Karelian Isthmus
Jan 1942 - 15 Jun 1944     Harald Uhquist                     (b. 1891 - d. 1971)  Mil
15 Jun 1944 - 19 Sep 1944  Karl Lennart Oesch                 (s.a.)               Mil
Finnish General Officers Commanding the Aunus Force 
Jan 1942 - 15 Jun 1944     Karl Lennart Oesch                 (s.a.)               Mil
15 Jun 1944 - 19 Sep 1944  Paavo Juho Talvela                 (b. 1897 - d. 1973)  Mil

22 Aug 1921                Komi (Zyryan) Autonomous Oblast (created from parts of Arkhangelsk
                             and Northern Dvina [Severo-Dvinskaya] Governorates), within
                             the Russian S.F.S.R.
15 Jul 1929 -  5 Dec 1936  Within the Northern (Severnyy) Kray.
 5 Dec 1936                Komi Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (within Russian SFSR).
29 Aug 1990                Declaration of state sovereignty.
23 Nov 1990                Komi Soviet Socialist Republic

Executive Secretaries of the Oblast Committee of the Communist Party 
Jan 1921 - Jan 1922        Yakov Fyodorovich Potapov          (b. 1890 - d. 1942)
Jan 1922 - Aug 1922        Mikhail Petrovich Minin            (b. 1897 - d. 1938)
Sep 1922 - Jul 1924        Afanasiy Mikhaylovich Chirkov      (b. 1887 - d. 1959)
Jul 1924 -  2 Jun 1927     Dmitriy Ilyich Selivanov           (b. 1887 - d. 1941)
 2 Jun 1927 -  8 Mar 1929  Grigoriy Andreyevich Kozlov        (b. 1885 - d. 1975)
Mar 1929 - Mar 1930        Nikolay Alekseyevich Lyustrov      (b. 1891 - d. 1938)
Mar 1930 - 1932            Nikolay Stepanovich Kolegov        (b. 1897 - d. 1983)
First Secretaries of the Oblast Committee of the Communist Party 
1932 - Aug 1932            Nikolay Stepanovich Kolegov        (s.a.)
Dec 1932 -  2 Nov 1937     Aleksey Aleksandrovich Semichev    (b. 1893 - d. 1941)
 2 Nov 1937 - Jun 1938     Pavel Ivanovich Murashyov (acting) (b. 1890 - d. 1942)
Jun 1938 - Mar 1940        Ivan Dmitriyevich Ryazanov         (b. 1903 - d. 1942)
                             (acting to 10 Jul 1938)
Mar 1940 - 25 Dec 1948     Aleksey Georgiyevich Taranenko     (b. 1900 - d. 1960)
25 Dec 1948 - 23 Mar 1957  Georgiy Ivanovich Osipov           (b. 1906 - d. 1980)
23 Mar 1957 - 29 Oct 1965  Aleksandr Grigoryevich Dmitrin     (b. 1914 - d. 2001)
29 Oct 1965 - 28 Mar 1987  Ivan Pavlovich Morozov             (b. 1924 - d. 1987)
28 Mar 1987 -  9 Aug 1989  Vladimir Ivanovich Melnikov        (b. 1935 - d. 2010)
 9 Aug 1989 -  7 Jun 1990  Yuriy Alekseyevich Spiridonov      (b. 1938 - d. 2010)
Jun 1990 - Oct 1990        V.S. Osipov (acting)
Oct 1990 - 23 Aug 1991     Aleksey Vasilyevich Batmanov       (b. 1939)

Chairman of the Zyryan (Komi) Revolutionary Committee
Jul 1921 - 22 Jan 1922     Dmitriy Ilyich Selivanov           (b. 1887 - d. 1941)
Chairmen of the Executive Committee
Jan 1922 - Dec 1922        Dmitriy Ilyich Selivanov           (s.a.)
Dec 1922 - 1924            Vasiliy Ivanovich Sorvachyov       (b. 1884 - d. 1942)
1924 - Mar 1927            Yefim Mikhaylovich Misherin        (b. 1890 - d. 1967)
Mar 1927 - Mar 1929        Vasiliy Petrovich Yurkin           (b. 1885 - d. 1938)
Mar 1929 - 1930            Ivan Grigoryevich Koyushev         (b. 1901 - d. 1993)
                             (1st time)
1930 - Jul 1933            Fyodor Gavriilovich Tarakanov      (b. 1900 - d. 1997)
Jul 1933 - Apr 1935        Ivan Grigoryevich Koyushev         (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
Apr 1935 - Nov 1937        Aleksandr Petrovich Lipin          (b. 1903 - d. af.1941)
Nov 1937 - Jul 1938        Gennadiy Vasilyevich Vetoshkin     (b. 1901 - d. 1978)
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
Jul 1938 - Feb 1945        Gennadiy Vasilyevich Vetoshkin     (s.a.)
Feb 1945 - Jun 1949        Ivan Alekseyevich Rochev           (b. 1906 - d. 1980)
Jun 1949 - 1951            Anna Mikhaylovna Yelkina (f)       (b. 1909 - d. 1992)
1951 - 1963                Nikolay Dmitriyevich Vakhnin       (b. 1910 - d. 1966)
1963 - 20 Sep 1972         Yevgeniy Fydorovich Katayev        (b. 1914 - d. 1972)
1972 - 1984                Zosima Vasilyevich Panev           (b. 1914 - d. 1994)
1984 - 1988                Albert Fydorovich Syutkin          (b. 1925 - d. 2013)
1988 - Apr 1990            Yuriy Ivanovich Semukov            (b. 1938)
Chairman of the Supreme Soviet
25 Apr 1990 - 25 Dec 1991  Yuriy Alekseyevich Spiridonov      (s.a.)

Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars
Jul 1938 - Sep 1939        Ivan Ilyich Oplesnin               (b. 1903 - d. 1972)
Sep 1939 - 1945            Sergey Dmitriyevich Turyshev       (b. 1906 - d. 1974)
1945 - 28 Mar 1946         Gennadiy Vasilyevich Vetoshkin     (s.a.) 
Chairmen of the Council of Ministers  
28 Mar 1946 - 1947         Gennadiy Vasilyevich Vetoshkin     (s.a.) 
1947 - 1950                Sergey Dmitriyevich Turyshev       (s.a.)
1950 - May 1963            Zosima Vasilyevich Panev           (s.a.)  
May 1963 - Dec 1984        Pavel Aleksandrovich Beznosov      (b. 1922 - d. 2006)
Dec 1984 - Mar 1987        Vladimir Ivanovich Melnikov        (b. 1935 - d. 2010)
Mar 1987 - 25 Dec 1991     Vyacheslav Ivanovich Khudyayev     (b. 1946)

 4 Nov 1920                Mari Autonomous Oblast created (from parts of the Vyatka and
                             Nizhny Novgorod governorates), within Russian S.F.S.R.
15 Jul 1929 -  5 Dec 1936  Within the Nizhegorodskiy (from 7 Oct 1932 Gorkiy Kray).
 5 Dec 1936                Mari Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (within Russian SFSR).
22 Oct 1990                Declaration of state sovereignty (Mari Soviet Socialist Republic).
17 Apr 1991                Mari Soviet Socialist Republic - Republic of Mari El
 8 Jul 1992                Republic of Mari El  

Chairman of the Regional Bureau of the Communist Party 
Jan 1921 - 20 Feb 1921     Ivan Petrovich Petrov              (b. 1893 - d. 1938)
Executive Secretaries of the Regional Committee of the Communist Party 
24 Feb 1921 - 15 Aug 1921  Aleksandr Alekseyevich Bolodurin   (b. 1895 - d. 1926)
18 Aug 1921 - 15 Mar 1922  Nikolay Fyodorovich Butenin        (b. 1884 - d. 1938)
15 Mar 1922 - Nov 1922     Nikolay Ivanovich Yezhov           (b. 1895 - d. 1940)
Nov 1922 - 21 Jun 1923     Pyotr Yakovlevich Lezhnyov-        (b. 1902 - d. 1958)
                             Fin'kovskiy (acting to Mar 1923)
21 Jun 1923 - 10 Dec 1926  Ivan Ivanovich Ivanov              (b. 1889 - d. 1941)
10 Dec 1926 - 27 Jul 1929  Vasiliy Pavlovich Kulikov          (b. 1892 - d. 1941)
30 Jul 1929 - 22 May 1930  Sergey Ivanovich Kutuzov           (b. 1882 - d. 1976)
28 May 1930 - 1932         Ali Geydar Ibishovich Shirvani     (b. 1896 - d. 1938)
                             (Mustafabekov)
First Secretaries of the Regional Committe of the Communist Party 
1932 - 10 Jan 1935         Ali Geydar Ibashevich Shirvani     (s.a.)
10 Jan 1935 - Nov 1937     Cheslav Iosipovich Vrublevskiy     (b. 1900 - d. 1986)
Nov 1937 - 20 May 1938     Zinoviy Yakovlevich Zhadnov        (b. 1904 - d. 1938)
                             (acting)
20 May 1938 - 26 Feb 1939  Vasiliy Mikhaylovich Arkhipov      (b. 1908 - d. 1943)
                             (acting to 11 Jul 1938) 
 2 Mar 1939 - 30 Apr 1942  Venyamin Mikhaylovich Kushnaryov   (b. 1902 - d. 1986)
30 Apr 1942 -  9 Jul 1945  Fyodor Dmitriyevich Navozov        (b. 1910 - d. 1986)
 9 Jul 1945 - Sep 1948     Ivan Terentyevich Kolokolkin       (b. 1905 - d. 1969)
Sep 1948 -  4 Oct 1951     Grigoriy Ivanovich Kondratyev      (b. 1912 - d. 1993)
 4 Oct 1951 - 28 Dec 1957  Aleksey Mikhaylovich Spiridonov    (b. 1909 - d. 1988)
29 Dec 1957 - 28 Nov 1963  Georgiy Sergeyvich Pavlov          (b. 1910 - d. 1991)
29 Nov 1963 - 22 Jul 1967  Pyotr Vasilyevich Urayev           (b. 1910 - d. 1967)
 4 Aug 1967 -  5 Sep 1979  Viktor Petrovich Nikonov           (b. 1929 - d. 1993)
 5 Sep 1979 - 16 Jan 1981  Ivan Stepanovich Gusev             (b. 1930 - d. 1988)
16 Jan 1981 - 25 Aug 1991  Grigoriy Andreyevich Posibeyev     (b. 1935 - d. 2002)

Chairman of the Mari Revolutionary Committee
Jan 1921 - Jun 1921        Ivan Petrovich Petrov              (s.a.)
Chairmen of the Executive Committee
Jun 1921 - Jan 1923        Ivan Petrovich Petrov (1st time)   (s.a.)
Jan 1923 - Feb 1924        Ivan Nikolayevich Smirnov          (b. 1899 - d. 19..)
Feb 1924 - 1928            Nikolay Fyodorovich Butenin        (s.a.)
1928 - 1929                Ivan Petrovich Petrov (2nd time)   (s.a.)
Mar 1929 - 1931            Aleksandr Fyodorovich Eshkinin     (b. 1897 - d. 1937)
1931 - Mar 1934            Maksim Kirillovich L'vov           (b. 1899 - d. 1953)
May 1934 -  3 Jun 1937     Ivan Petrovich Petrov (3rd time)   (s.a.)
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
 3 Jun 1937 - Dec 1937     Pyotr Ilyich Andreyev              (b. 1900 - d. 1938)
1938 - May 1938            Vladimir Nikolayevich Bystryakov   (b. 1900 - d. 1938)
27 Jul 1938 - 12 Apr 1944  Timofey Ilyich Kavalerov           (b. 1905 - d. 1979) 
12 Apr 1944 - 1948         Nikolay Petrovich Ryabchikov       (b. 1908 - d. 1980)
1948 - 24 Apr 1951         Roman Mikhaylovich Mamayev         (b. 1903 - d. 1980)
24 Apr 1951 - 1959         Prokhor Vasilyevich Shcherbakov    (b. 1914 - d. 1971)
1959 - Jul 1968            Ivan Romanovich Moskvichyov        (b. 1913 - d. 1978)
Jul 1968 - 26 Dec 1979     Pyotr Afanasyevich Almakayev       (b. 1916 - d. 1998)
26 Dec 1979 - Apr 1990     Vitaliy Iosifovich Romanov         (b. 1931 - d. 1995)
Apr 1990 - 22 Aug 1990     Grigoriy Andreyevich Posibeyev     (s.a.)
Chairman of the Supreme Soviet
22 Aug 1990 - 24 Dec 1991  Vladislav Maksimovich Zotin        (s.a.)
President
24 Dec 1991 - 25 Dec 1991  Vladislav Maksimovich Zotin        (s.a.)

Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars
Jul 1938 - 1943            Yakov Ivanovich Abramov            (b. 1900 - d. 1969)
1943 - 1945                Roman Mikhaylovich Mamayev         (s.a.)
1945 - 23 Mar 1946         Grigoriy Ivanovich Kondratyev      (s.a.)
Chairmen of the Council of Ministers
23 Mar 1946 - Sep 1948     Grigoriy Ivanovich Kondratyev      (s.a.)
                             (1st time)
Oct 1948 - Feb 1951        Vasiliy Vasilyevich Matveyev       (b. 1911 - d. 1997)
Feb 1951 - 1954            Pyotr Ivanovich Temereshev         (b. 1911 - d. 1986)
1954 - 1964                Grigoriy Ivanovich Kondratyev      (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
1964 - 1976                Trofim Iosifovich Gorinov          (b. 1926 - d. 2004)
1976 - 1990                Arkadiy Aleksandrovich Vasilyev    (b. 1930 - d. 2012)
1990 - 24 Dec 1991         Gennadiy Semyonovich Petrov        (b. 1937 - d. 1992)

16 Jun 1928                Mordovian National Okrug, created from parts of Simbirsk and
                             Penza governorates, within Middle Volga oblast of Russian S.F.S.R.
20 Oct 1929 -  5 Dec 1936  Within the Middle Volga (from 27 Jan 1935, Kuybyshev) Kray.
30 Jan 1930                Mordovian Autonomous Oblast.
20 Dec 1934                Mordovian Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic, within
                             Russian S.F.S.R.
 5 Dec 1936                Renamed Mordovian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, within
                             Russian S.F.S.R.
12 Jul 1990                Mordovian Soviet Socialist Republic

Executive Secretaries of the Okrug (from 1930 Oblast) Committee of the Communist Party
Jun 1928 - Nov 1929        Grigoriy Afanasyevich Polumordvinov(b. 1897 - d. 1937)
                             (executive secretary of the Organizing Bureau to Aug 1928)
Nov 1929 - Nov 1931        Pavel Danilovich Pellinen          (b. 1897 - d. 1937)
                             (Paavo Pellinen)
First Secretaries of the Oblast Committee of the Communist Party
Nov 1931 - Sep 1932        Pavel Danilovich Pellinen          (s.a.)
Sep 1932 - Jan 1934        Veniamin Romanovich Gantman        (b. 1891 - d. 1937)
Jan 1934 -  20 Dec 1934    Mikhail Dmitriyevich Prusakov      (b. 1896 - d. 1938)
First Secretaries of the Regional Committee of the Communist Party
20 Dec 1934 -  7 Jun 1937  Mikhail Dmitriyevich Prusakov      (s.a.)
14 Jun 1937 - 19 Jul 1937  Vladimir Markovich Putnin          (b. 1896 - d. 1938)
                             (Voldemārs Putniņš)
19 Jul 1937 -  9 Sep 1937  Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Polyakov  (b. 1902 - d. 1938)
                             (acting)
 9 Sep 1937 - Jan 1940     Ivan Alekseyevich Kuznetsov        (b. 1897 - d. 1983)
                             (acting to 15 Jun 1938)  
Jan 1940 - 1945            Vasiliy Pavlovich Petushkov        (b. 1894 - d. 1974)
1945 - Dec 1948            Sergey Alekseyevich Kochergin      (b. 1899 - d. 1959)
Dec 1948 - Sep 1951        Ivan Alekseyevich Piksin           (b. 1905 - d. 1974)
Sep 1951 - Jan 1958        Vasiliy Ivanovich Zakurdayev       (b. 1903 - d. 1974)
Jan 1958 -  3 Mar 1968     Georgiy Ivanovich Osipov           (b. 1906 - d. 1980)
 3 Mar 1968 - Apr 1971     Pyotr Matveyevich Yelistratov      (b. 1917 - d. 1987)
Apr 1971 - 24 Aug 1990     Anatoliy Ivanovich Beryozin        (b. 1931 - d. 1998)
24 Aug 1990 - 27 Oct 1990  Vladimir Ivanovich Sanayev         (b. 1932 - d. 2009)
                             (acting)
27 Oct 1990 - 23 Aug 1991  Viktor Aleksandrovich Skoptsov     (b. 1939 - d. 2009)

Chairmen of the Executive Committee
Jan 1928 - Feb 1930        Stepan Sergeyevich Shishkanov      (b. 1897 - d. 1962)
                            (chairman of the Organizing Committee to Aug 1928)
Feb 1930 - 1931            Mikhail Andreyevich Pal'kin        (b. 1891 - d. 1953)
1931 - 28 Dec 1934         Andrey Yakovlevich Kozikov         (b. 1893 - d. 1938)
Chairmen of the Central Executive Committee
28 Dec 1934 - 1937         Nikifor Grigoryevich Surdin        (b. 1896 - d. 1938)
Sep 1937 - 25 Jul 1938     Mikhail Andreyevich Chembulatov    (b. 1897 - d. 1977) 
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
Jul 1938 - 1947            Mikhail Andreyevich Chembulatov    (s.a.)
1947 -  4 Jun 1949         Sergey Nikolayevich Gidayev        (b. 1901 - d. 1995) 
 4 Jun 1949 - 1954         Mikhail Osipovich Selyukin         (b. 1901 - d. 1975)
1954 - 1963                Stepan Gerasimovich Nikolayev      (b. 1902 - d. 1964)
1963 - 1971                Yefimiya Davydovna Yaskina (f)     (b. 1919 - d. 2012)
1971 - 1978                Ivan Pavlovich Astaykin            (b. 1917 - d. 1987)
1978 - 1988                Aleksandr Osipovich Piksayev       (b. 1922 - d. 2019)
1988 - Apr 1990            Nikolay Mikhaylovich Zhochkin      (b. 1934 - d. 1997)
Chairmen of the Supreme Soviet
Apr 1990 - 17 Oct 1990     Anatoliy Ivanovich Beryozin        (s.a.)
17 Oct 1990 - 25 Dec 1991  Nikolay Vasilyevich Biryukov       (b. 1944)

Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars
28 Dec 1934 - Sep 1937     Andrey Yakovlevich Kozikov         (s.a.)
1938 - Aug 1944            Vladimir Varlamovich Verendyakin   (b. 1899 - d. 19..)
Aug 1944 - 23 Mar 1946     Nikolay Yakovlevich Tingayev       (b. 1907 - d. 19..) 
Chairmen of the Council of Ministers
23 Mar 1946 - Jan 1950     Nikolay Yakovlevich Tingayev       (s.a.)
Jan 1950 - 1954            Pavel Antonovich Kokorev           (b. 1907 - d. 1981)
1954 - 1971                Ivan Pavlovich Astaykin            (s.a.)
1971 - Apr 1971            Anatoliy Ivanovich Beryozin        (s.a.)
Apr 1971 - 1978            Aleksandr Osipovich Piksayev       (s.a.)
1978 - Dec 1991            Vasiliy Semyonovich Uchaykin       (b. 1934)

Mountain (Gorskaya)

20 Jan 1921                Mountain (Gorskaya) Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic
                             formed from part of Terek oblast (proclaimed 17 Nov 1920).
                             Composed of seven okruga (districts): Balkar, Karachay, Kabardin,
                             Vladikavkaz (Ossetian), Digorskiy (Ossetian), Chechen, Nazran
                             (Ingush) (referred retrospectively to as the "National Okruga"),
                             as well as Sunzhenskiy okrug, and the cities of Vladikavkaz and
                             Grozny (equal to okruga) directly under the A.S.S.R., within
                             the Russian S.F.S.R.
12 Jan 1922                Separation of Karachayevo-Cherkes A.O.
16 Jan 1922                Separation of Kabardino-Balkar A.O.
30 Nov 1922                Separation of Chechen A.O.
 7 Jul 1924                Dissolved into the North Ossetian A.O. and Ingush A.O., as well as
                             Sunzhenskiy okrug and the cities of Vladikavkaz and Grozny within
                             South Eastern (Yugo-Vostochnaya) Oblast (from 16 Oct 1924, North
                             Caucasus [Severo-Kavkazskiy] Kray).

Executive Secretaries of the Mountain Regional Committee of the Russian
Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
Apr 1921 - 1921            Nikolay Fyodorovich Gikalo         (b. 1897 - d. 1938)
1921 - 1922                Aleksandr Fyodorovich Nosov        (b. 1899 - d. 1937)
1922 - Aug 1923            .... (acting)
Aug 1923 - Dec 1923        Mark Filippovich Levitin           (b. 1891 - d. 1938)
Dec 1923 - Feb 1924        Aleksey Ivanovich Borukhin         (b. 1912 - d. 19..)
Feb 1924 -  1 Aug 1924     Idris Beysultanovich Zyazikov      (b. 1896 - d. 1938)

Chairmen of the Central Executive Committee
25 Apr 1921 - Nov 1922     Tashtemir El'zhurkayevich          (b. 1870 - d. 1934)
                             El'darkhanov
Nov 1922 - Jan 1924        Idris Beysultanovich Zyazikov      (s.a.)
Jan 1924 - Jul 1924        Mark Gavriilovich Avsaragov        (b. 1888 - d. 1938)

Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars
25 Apr 1921 - Feb 1922     Simon Aliyevich Takoyev            (b. 1876 - d. 1938)
Feb 1922 - Jul 1924        Sakhandzheri Gidzoyevich Mamsurov  (b. 1882 - d. 1937)

20 Jan 1921                Vladikavkaz (Ossetian) Okrug and Digorskiy (Ossetian) Okrug
                             created (referred retrospectively to as the "National
                             Okruga"), part of the Mountain A.S.S.R. (Vladikavkaz city directly
                             under the Mountain A.S.S.R.)
Apr 1922                   Digorskiy (Ossetian) Okrug merged into the Vladikavkaz Okrug.
 7 Jul 1924                North Ossetian Autonomous Oblast, within the Russian S.F.S.R.
 7 Jul 1924 - 15 Jan 1934  Vladikavkaz (from 1931, Ordzhonikidze) city a part of South Eastern
                             (Yugo-Vostochnaya) Oblast (from 16 Oct 1924, North Caucasus
                             [Severo-Kavkazskiy] Kray).
26 Feb 1925 -  5 Dec 1936  Within the North Caucasus (Severo-Kavkazskiy) Kray.
 5 Dec 1936                North Ossetian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (within Russian
                             SFSR).
23 Aug 1942 -  5 Jan 1943  Germans occupation of most of north and west North Ossetia
                             (incl. Mozdok).
26 Dec 1990                Declaration of state sovereignty (North Ossetian Soviet Socialist
                             Republic).
19 Nov 1993                Republic of North Ossetia  

Executive Secretary of the Organizing Bureau of the South-East Bureau of the
Central Committee of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks) in the
North Ossetian Autonomous Oblast
Aug 1924 - Oct 1924        Pyotr Iosifovich Tabolov           (b. 1892 - d. 1938)           
Executive Secretaries of the North Ossetian Regional Committee of the 
Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks)(from 31 Dec 1925, All-Union Communist Party [Bolsheviks])
29 Oct 1924 - 15 Jan 1927  Simon Aliyevich Takoyev            (b. 1876 - d. 1938)
Jan 1927 - Jun 1928        Kazbek Kaurbekovich Borukayev      (b. 1890 - d. 1931)
Jun 1928 - Sep 1930        Mikhail Feliksovich Pitkovskiy     (b. 1897 - d. 1938)
Sep 1930 - Sep 1931        Moris L'vovich Belotskiy (Chornyy) (b. 1895 - d. 1944)
Sep 1931 - 1932            David Venyaminovich Demikhovskiy   (b. 1899 - d. 1938)
First Secretaries of the North Ossetian Regional Committee of the All-Union
Communist Party (Bolsheviks)(from 13 Oct 1952, Communist Party of the Soviet Union)
(1990-1991, North Ossetian Republican Committee of the Communist Party of Soviet Union;
from Apr 1991, North Ossetian Republican Committee of Communist Party of RSFSR)
1932 -  9 Sep 1934         David Venyaminovich Demikhovskiy   (s.a.)
 9 Sep 1934 - Feb 1936     Kazbek Savvich Butayev             (b. 1893 - d. 1938)
Feb 1936 - 21 Jul 1937     Genrikh Vladislavovich Maurer      (b. 1893 - d. 1938)
21 Jul 1937 - Nov 1937     Fyodor Gappoyevich Kokov           (b. 1900 - d. 1939)
Nov 1937 - May 1938        Vasiliy Petrovich Lemayev          (b. 1902 - d. 1991)
May 1938 - Jan 1940        Nikita Petrovich Ivanov            (b. 1908 - d. 1977) 
Jan 1940 - Apr 1944        Nikolay Petrovich Mazin            (b. 1909 - d. 1972)  
Apr 1944 - Nov 1953        Kubadi Dmitriyevich Kulov          (b. 1907 - d. 1980)
Nov 1953 -  5 Aug 1961     Vladimir Mikhaylovich Agkatsev     (b. 1911 - d. 2000)
 5 Aug 1961 - 15 Jan 1982  Bilar Yemazayevich Kabaloyev       (b. 1917 - d. 2009)
15 Jan 1982 - 26 Nov 1988  Vladimir Yevgenyevich Odintsov     (b. 1924 - d. 2009)
26 Nov 1988 - 24 Feb 1990  Aleksandr Sergeyevich Dzasokhov    (b. 1934)
24 Feb 1990 - 23 Aug 1991  Akhsarbek Khadzhimurzayevich       (b. 1929 - d. 2013)
                             Galazov

Chairman of the North Ossetian Regional Revolutionary Committee
Aug 1924 - 25 Jan 1925     Sakhandzheri Gidzoyevich Mamsurov  (b. 1882 - d. 1937)
Chairmen of the (to Jan 1926, Central) Executive Committee of the Regional Soviet of
the North Ossetian Autonomous Oblast (from 5 Dec 1936, North Ossetian A.S.S.R.)
Jan 1925 - Jan 1927        Kazbek Kaurbekovich Borukayev      (s.a.)
Jan 1927 - 1928            Nikolay Mikhaylovich Salamov       (b. 1894 - d. 1967)
1928 - 1930                Georgiy (Tatari) Fyodorovich       (b. 1887 - d. 1938)
                             Kaboyev
1930 - 1933                Kosta Kirilovich Tsallagov         (b. 1895 - d. 1938)
1933 - May 1935            Konstantin (Kambulat)              (b. 1892 - d. 1937)
                             Tembolatovich Khasiyev
May 1935 - Oct 1937        Daniil Nikolayevich Togoyev        (b. 1891 - d. 1939)
Oct 1937 - Nov 1937        Khariton Kharitonovich Beslekoyev  (b. 1902 - d. 1943)
                             (acting)
Nov 1937 - Jun 1938        Solomon Nikolayevich Abayev        (b. 1904 - d. 1971)
                             (acting)
Jun 1938 - Jul 1938        Kubadi Dmitriyevich Kulov (acting) (s.a.)
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
Jul 1938 - 1947            Georgiy Davidovich Gagloyev        (b. 1899 - d. 1956)
1947 - 1955                Viktor Soslanbekovich Totoyev      (b. 1908 - d. 19..)
1955 - 1963                Vladimir Temirkanovich Dzanagov
1963 - Jul 1975            Tamara Soltanovna Khetagurova (f)  (b. 1913 - d. 19..)
Jul 1975 - 1981            Oleg Aleksandrovich Basiyev        (b. 1919)
1981 - 1983                ....
1983 - 1987                Totraz Bakgeriyevich Sabanov
1987 - 1990?               Irbek Znaurovich Metsayev
Chairman of the Supreme Soviet
21 Mar 1990 - 25 Dec 1991  Akhsarbek Khadzhimurzayevich       (s.a.)
                             Galazov 

Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars
Jul 1938 - 20 Mar 1944     Kubadi Dmitriyevich Kulov          (s.a.)
20 Mar 1944 - 28 Mar 1946  Aleksey Parsadanovich Gazzayev     (b. 1904 - d. 19..)
Chairmen of the Council of Ministers
28 Mar 1946 - Mar 1952     Aleksey Parsadanovich Gazzayev     (s.a.)
Mar 1952 - 1955            Dzambolat Timofeyevich Baskayev    (b. 1903 - d. 19..)
1955 - 1962                Boris Dmitriyevich Zangiyev        (b. 1910 - d. 19..)
Mar 1962 - Jul 1975        Oleg Aleksandrovich Basiyev        (s.a.) 
Jul 1975 - 1988            Mikhail Gatsirovich Tsagarayev     (b. 1926 - d. 1998)
1988 - 25 Dec 1991         Sergey Valentinovich Khetagurov    (b. 1942)

 6 Feb 1918 - 16 May 1918  Kazan Soviet Republic (within Russian S.F.S.R.) proclaimed in
                             Kazan governorate (see Idel-Ural under Russian Civil War Polities).
27 May 1920                Tatar Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic, created from Kazan
                             Governorate, within Russian S.F.S.R.
 5 Dec 1936                Renamed Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic.
30 Aug 1990                Declaration of state sovereignty (Republic of Tatarstan).

Executive Secretaries of the Regional Committee of the Communist Party
Aug 1920 - Dec 1920        Aleksandr Petrovich Tanyayev       (b. 1898 - d. 1974)
Dec 1920 - Jan 1921        Dmitriy Aleksandrovich Orlov       (b. 1894 - d. 1938)
Jan 1921 - Mar 1921        Karl Yanovich Fige (Fiege)         (b. 1897 - d. 1938)
                             (Kārlis Fīge)
Mar 1921 - Jun 1921        Nikolay Ivanovich Baryshev         (b. 1898 - d. 1937)
Jun 1921 - Dec 1921        Aleksandr Ivanovich Karpov         (b. 1896 - d. 1937)
Dec 1921 -  5 Jun 1922     Aleksey Petrovich Galaktionov      (b. 1888 - d. 1922)
Jun 1922 - Nov 1923        Dmitriy Yegorovich Zhivov          (b. 1896 - d. 1939)
Nov 1923 - Jan 1924        Boris Davidovich Pinson            (b. 1892 - d. 1936)
Jan 1924 - Mar 1924        Ivan Mikhaylovich Bazhanov (acting)(b. 1896 - d. 1938)
Mar 1924 -  5 Nov 1925     Ivan Titovich Morozov              (b. 1889 - d. 1957)
 5 Nov 1925 -  7 Jun 1928  Mendel' Markovich Khatayevich      (b. 1893 - d. 1937)
 7 Jun 1928 - 1931         Mikhail Osipovich Razumov          (b. 1894 - d. 1937)
First Secretaries of the Regional Committee of the Communist Party
1931 - Oct 1933            Mikhail Osipovich Razumov          (s.a.)
Oct 1933 - 26 Aug 1937     Alfred Karlovich Lepa              (b. 1896 - d. 1938)
                             (Alfreds Liepa)      
26 Aug 1937 -  9 Mar 1942  Aleksandr Mikhaylovich Alemasov    (b. 1902 - d. 1972)
                             (acting to 19 Jun 1938)
 9 Mar 1942 -  8 Jul 1943  Anatoliy Georgiyevich Kolybanov    (b. 1905 - d. 1978)
 8 Jul 1943 - 28 Dec 1944  Vladimir Dmitriyevich Nikitin      (b. 1907 - d. 1959)
28 Dec 1944 -  6 Jun 1957  Zinnyat Ibetovich Muratov          (b. 1906 - d. 1988)
 6 Jun 1957 - 28 Oct 1960  Semyon Denisovich Ignatyev         (b. 1904 - d. 1983)
28 Oct 1960 -  2 Nov 1979  Fikryat Akhmedzhanovich Tabeyev    (b. 1928 - d. 2015)
 2 Nov 1979 -  2 Oct 1982  Rashid Musinovich Musin            (b. 1927 - d. 1982)
 2 Oct 1982 - 29 Oct 1982  Vasiliy Sergeyevich Dergunov       (b. 1922 - d. 1989)
                             (acting)
29 Oct 1982 - 23 Sep 1989  Gumer Ismagilovich Usmanov         (b. 1932 - d. 2015)
23 Sep 1989 - 23 Sep 1990  Mintemer Sharipovich Shaymiyev     (b. 1937)
23 Sep 1990 - 29 Aug 1991  Revo Ramazanovich Idiatullin       (b. 1938)

Chairman of the Tatar Provisional Revolutionary Committee
 8 Jul 1920 - 26 Sep 1920  Sakhib-Garey Said-Galiyev          (b. 1894 - d. 1938)
Chairmen of the Central Executive Committee
Sep 1920 - 25 Jun 1921     Burkhan Khusnutdinovich Mansurov   (b. 1889 - d. 1942)
Jun 1921 - Dec 1924        Rauf Akhmetovich Sabirov           (b. 1894 - d. 1937)
Dec 1924 - Sep 1927        Shaygardan Shaymardanovich         (b. 1890 - d. 1940)
                             Shaymardanov
Sep 1927 - Sep 1929        Minnigarey Akhmetovich Akhmetshin  (b. 1889 - d. 1938)
Sep 1929 - Apr 1932        Kharis Ibrahimovich Mratkhuzin     (b. 1895 - d. 1955)
Apr 1932 - 22 Dec 1934     Midgat Abaydullovich Yagudin       (b. 1904 - d. 1982)
Dec 1934 - Sep 1937        Gumer Gilyazetdinovich Baychurin   (b. 1890 - d. 1937)
Sep 1937 - 26 Jul 1938     Galey Afzaletdinovich Dinmukhamedov(b. 1892 - d. 1951)
                             (acting)
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
26 Jul 1938 - 20 Aug 1951  Galey Afzaletdinovich Dinmukhamedov(s.a.)
20 Aug 1951 - 15 Feb 1952  .... (acting)
15 Feb 1952 - 12 Mar 1959  Salyakh Nizamovich Nizamov         (b. 1905 - d. 1975)
13 Mar 1959 - 29 Oct 1960  Kamil Fatykhovich Faseyev          (b. 1919 - d. 2005)
29 Oct 1960 -  8 Jun 1983  Salikh Gilimkhanovich Batyev       (b. 1911 - d. 1985)
 8 Jun 1983 - 1986         Anvar Badretdinovich Bagautdinov   (b. 1925 - d. 2002)
1986 - Apr 1990            Shamil Asgatovich Mustayev         (b. 1929 - d. 2012)
Chairman of the Supreme Soviet
11 Apr 1990 -  4 Jul 1991  Mintemer Sharipovich Shaymiyev     (s.a.)
President
 4 Jul 1991 - 25 Dec 1991  Mintemer Sharipovich Shaymiyev     (s.a.)

Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars
Sep 1920 - 1921            Sakhib-Garey Said-Galiyev          (s.a.)
1921 - 1924                Kashaf Gilfanovich Mukhtarov       (b. 1896 - d. 1937)
1924 - Sep 1927            Khadzhi Zagidullovich Gabidullin   (b. 1897 - d. 1940)
Sep 1927 - 1928            Shaygardan Shaymardanovich         (s.a.)
                             Shaymardanov
1928 - 1930                Karimulla Khusnullovich Ismayev    (b. 1898 - d. 1978)
1930 - Jul 1937            Kiyam Alimbekovich Abramov         (b. 1897 - d. 1938)
Jul 1937 - Sep 1937        Arkadiy Mikhaylovich Novosolov     (b. 1905 - d. 1940)
Sep 1937 - Dec 1937        Akhmetsafa Mustafovich Davletyarov (b. 1905 - d. 1938)
Mar 1938 - 1940            Amin Khalilovich Tyncherov         (b. 1907 - d. 1980)
1940 - 1943                Suleyman Khalilovich Gafiatullin   (b. 1905 - d. 1983)
1943 - 1946                Said Mingazovich Sharafeyev        (b. 1906 - d. 1975)
Chairmen of the Council of Ministers
1946 - 1950                Said Mingazovich Sharafeyev        (s.a.)
                             (1st time)
1950 - 1957                Mirgarifan Zamaleyevich Azizov     (b. 1907 - d. 1963)
1957 - 1959                Said Mingazovich Sharafeyev        (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
Mar 1959 - May 1966        Abdulkhak Asvyanovich Abdrazyakov  (b. 1915 - d. 1984)
May 1966 - Oct 1982        Gumer Ismagilovich Usmanov         (s.a.)
Oct 1982 - 1985            Ildus Kharisovich Sadykov          (b. 1932 - d. 2001)
1985 - Sep 1989            Mintemer Sharipovich Shaymiyev     (s.a.)
Sep 1989 -  25 Dec 1991    Mukhammat Gallyamovich Sabirov     (b. 1932 - d. 2015)  

21 Feb 1953 - 30 Apr 1953  Bugulma (Bugul'minskaya) oblast, within Tatar A.S.S.R.
 

First Secretary of the Oblast Committee of the Communist Party 
21 Feb 1953 - 30 Apr 1953  Yefim Romanovich Fyodorov

Chairman of the Executive Committee 
21 Feb 1953 - 30 Apr 1953  ....

 8 May 1952 - 30 Apr 1953  Chistopol (Chistopol'skaya) oblast, within Tatar A.S.S.R.

First Secretary of the Oblast Committee of the Communist Party 
May 1952 - Apr 1953        Pavel Illarionovich Del'vin        (b. 1902 - d. 1973)

Chairman of the Executive Committee 
May 1952 - Apr 1953        M.A. Idiyatullin

 8 May 1952 - 30 Apr 1953  Kazan (Kazanskaya) oblast, within Tatar A.S.S.R.

First Secretary of the Oblast Committee of the Communist Party 
May 1952 - Apr 1953        Gilyaz Kamaletdinovich Ganeyev     (b. 1906 - d. 1967)

Chairman of the Executive Committee 
Jun 1952 - Apr 1953        Vladimir Porfiryevich Golovin      (b. 1909 - d. 19..)

Note: Names in Russian with modern Tuvan in parentheses.

17 Aug 1944                Tuvinian People's Republic declared part of the Soviet Union.
11 Oct 1944                Annexed to the Soviet Union (effective 1 Nov 1944), as
                             part of the Russian S.F.S.R.
 1 Nov 1944                Tuvinan Autonomous Oblast (Tuvinskaya avtonomnaya oblast'), within
                             the Russian S.F.S.R.
10 Jan 1962                Tuvinan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, within Russian S.F.S.R.
                             (Tuvinskaya Avtonomnaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika/
                             Tyva Avtonomnug Sovet Sotsialistig Respublika).
12 Dec 1990                Declaration of state sovereignty.
14 Dec 1990                Tuvan is made (additional) state language by law of the T.A.S.S.R.
22 Oct 1991                Republic of Tuva 

First Secretaries of the Regional Committee of the All-Union Communist Party
(Bolsheviks)(from 13 Oct 1952, Communist Party of the Soviet Union)
 1 Nov 1944 - 11 May 1973  Salchak Kalbakhorekovich Toka      (b. 1901 - d. 1973)
                             (Salchak Kalbak-Khörek oglu Toka)
11 May 1973 -  6 Jun 1973  Vladimir Yefimovich Seryakov       (b. 1934 - d. 2016)
                             (acting)
 6 Jun 1973 - 23 Aug 1991  Grigoriy Chooduyevich Shirshin     (b. 1934)
                             (Grigoriy Chooduy oglu Shirshin)

Chairmen of the Executive Committee of the Autonomous Oblast Soviet
 1 Nov 1944 - Feb 1961     Aleksander Manygeyevich Chimba     (b. 1906 - d. 1985)  KPSS
                             (Saryg-Dongak Manygy oglu Chymba)
Feb 1961 - 10 Jan 1962     Mikhail Klayevich Mendume          (b. 1922 - d. 2001)  KPSS
                             (Mikhail Klay oglu Mendüme)
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
10 Jan 1962 - 22 Jun 1977  Bay-Kara Sholzhulybeyeva           (b. 1916 - d. 2002)  KPSS
                             Dolchanmaa (f)
                             (Bay-Kara Shozhulbay kyzy Dolchangmaa)
22 Jun 1977 - Dec 1984     Mikhail Klayevich Mendume          (s.a.)               KPSS
Dec 1984 - 27 Apr 1990     Chimit-Dorzhu Bayyrovich Ondar     (b. 1932)            KPSS
                             (Chimit-Dorzhu Bayyr oglu Ondar)
Chairmen of the Supreme Soviet
27 Apr 1990 -  2 Oct 1991  Chimit-Dorzhu Bayyrovich Ondar     (s.a.)               KPSS
 2 Oct 1991 - 22 Oct 1991  Kaadyr-ool Alekseyevich Bicheldey  (b. 1950)
                             (Kaadyr-ool Aleksey oglu Bicheldey)
President
22 Oct 1991 - 25 Dec 1991  Kaadyr-ool Alekseyevich Bicheldey  (s.a.)

Chairmen of the Council of Ministers
 1 Nov 1944 – 10 Jan 1962  Post abolished
10 Jan 1962 - 22 Jun 1977  Mikhail Klayevich Mendume          (s.a.)               KPSS
                             (Mikhail Klay oglu Mendüme)
22 Jun 1977 - Dec 1984     Chimit-Dorzhu Bayyrovich Ondar     (s.a.)               KPSS
                             (Chimit-Dorzhu Bayyr oglu Ondar)
Dec 1984 - Apr 1990        Vladimir Yefimovich Seryakov       (s.a.)               KPSS
28 Apr 1990 - 25 Dec 1991  Sherig-ool Dizizhikovich Oorzhak   (b. 1942)          
                             (Sherig-ool Dizik oglu Oorzhak)

 4 Nov 1920                Votyak (Votskaya) Autonomous Oblast (created from parts of
                             Vyatka Governorate), within Russian S.F.S.R.
15 Jul 1929 -  7 Dec 1934  Within the Nizhegorodskiy (from 7 Oct 1932, Gorkiy) Kray.
 1 Jan 1932                Udmurt Autonomous Oblast, within Russian S.F.S.R.
 7 Dec 1934 -  5 Dec 1936  Within Kirov Kray.
28 Dec 1934                Udmurt Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic, within Russian S.F.S.R.
 5 Dec 1936                Renamed Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic.
20 Sep 1990                Declaration of state sovereignty.
11 Oct 1991                Udmurt Republic

Executive Secretaries of the Oblast Committee of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
Feb 1921 - Jul 1921        Stepan Pavlovich Baryshnikov       (b. 1894 - d. 1943)
                             (1st time)
Jul 1921 - Aug 1923        Vasiliy Kuz'mich Fomin             (b. 1896 - d. 1938)
Aug 1923 - Dec 1923        Aleksey Yegorovich Sulimov         (b. 1893 - d. 193.)
Dec 1923 - Feb 1924        Derenik Zakharovich Apresyan       (b. 1899 - d. 1939)
                             (acting)
Feb 1924 - 31 Dec 1925     Grigoriy Naumovich Aronshtam       (b. 1893 - d. 1938)
Executive Secretaries of the Oblast Committee of the All-Union Communist Party
(Bolsheviks) (from 13 Oct 1952, Communist Party of the Soviet Union)
31 Dec 1925 - May 1926     Grigoriy Naumovich Aronshtam       (s.a.)
Oct 1926 - Aug 1927        Stepan Pavlovich Baryshnikov       (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
Aug 1927 - Oct 1930        Vasiliy Grigoryevich Yegorov       (b. 1899 - d. 1950)
Oct 1930 - 1931            Mark Moiseyevich Temkin            (b. 1895 - d. 1980)
First Secretaries of the Regional Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
1931 - 26 Feb 1933         Mark Moiseyevich Temkin            (s.a.)
26 Feb 1933 - 20 Dec 1934  Suren Petrovich Akopyan            (b. 1898 - d. 1938)
20 Dec 1934 - 10 Jun 1937  Boris Zakharovich Berman           (b. 1897 - d. 1938)
19 Jun 1937 -  7 Jun 1938  Stepan Pavlovich Baryshnikov       (s.a.)
Jun 1938 - 11 Jan 1939     Dmitriy Vasilyevich Shlenov        (b. 1891 - d. 1957)
                             (Shlyonov)
11 Jan 1939 - 12 Mar 1940  Vasiliy Afanasyevich Kiselev       (b. 1907 - d. 1986) 
                             (Kiselyov)
15 Mar 1940 - 11 Nov 1948  Anatoliy Petrovich Chekinov        (b. 1909 - d. 1986)
13 Nov 1948 - 25 Sep 1950  Pyotr Nikolayevich Lysov           (b. 1907 - d. 19..)
25 Sep 1950 - 23 Jan 1957  Mikhail Sergeyevich Suyetin        (b. 1906 - d. 1986)
23 Jan 1957 - 10 Apr 1959  Georgiy Ivanovich Vorobyov         (b. 1914 - d. 2002)
10 Apr 1959 -  6 Jun 1959  Aleksandr Nikolayevich Kidin       (b. 1909 - d. 1959)
 6 Jun 1959 - 23 Jul 1959  Leonid Filippovich Ignatyev
                             (acting)
23 Jul 1959 - 20 Dec 1963  Igor Petrovich Skulkov             (b. 1913 - d. 1971)
21 Dec 1963 - 13 Dec 1985  Valeriy Konstantinovich Marisov    (b. 1915 - d. 1992)
13 Dec 1985 -  8 Jun 1990  Pyotr Semyonovich Grishchenko      (b. 1931)
 9 Jun 1990 - 12 Oct 1990  Nikolay Ivanovich Sapozhnikov      (b. 1949)
First Secretary of the Republican Committee of the Communist Party of the Russian S.F.S.R.
12 Oct 1990 - 23 Aug 1991  Nikolay Ivanovich Sapozhnikov      (s.a.)

Chairman of the Votyak Revolutionary Committee
25 Jan 1921 - 16 Jul 1921  Iosif Alekseyevich Nagovitsyn      (b. 1888 - d. 1937)
Chairmen of the Executive Committee of the Oblast Council
16 Jul 1921 - Aug 1925     Iosif Alekseyevich Nagovitsyn      (s.a.)
Aug 1925 - Jan 1927        Trofim Kuz'mich Borisov            (b. 1891 - d. 1943)
Feb 1927 - Nov 1928        Nikolay Iosifovich Groznykh        (b. 1896 - d. 1950)
                             (Shklyayev)
Nov 1928 - Feb 1931        Aleksandr Semyonovich Medvedev     (b. 1899 - d. 1977)
Feb 1931 - 12 Jan 1935     Grigoriy Alekseyevich Ivanov       (b. 1897 - d. 1963)
Chairmen of the Central Executive Committee
12 Jan 1935 - 21 Mar 1937  Grigoriy Alekseyevich Ivanov       (s.a.)
21 Mar 1937 - 23 Jul 1937  Stepan Pavlovich Baryshnikov       (s.a.)
23 Jul 1937 - 20 Nov 1937  Miron Lavrentyevich Reshetnikov    (b. 1897 - d. 19..)
20 Nov 1937 - 25 Jul 1938  Semyon Alekseyevich Maksimov       (b. 1899 - d. 19..)
                             (acting) 
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
25 Jul 1938 - 10 Aug 1939  Ivan Tikhonovich Voronchikhin      (b. 1903 - d. 19..)
10 Aug 1939 - 21 Apr 1949  Artemiy Yefimovich Pavlov          (b. 1891 - d. 1972)
21 Apr 1949 - 19 Aug 1952  Vasiliy Petrovich Votintsev        (b. 1897 - d. 1983)
19 Aug 1952 - 12 Mar 1959  Arseniy Vasiliyevich Karavayev     (b. 1903 - d. 1970)
12 Mar 1959 - 27 Dec 1977  Pyotr Petrovich Sysoyev            (b. 1912 - d. 1986)
27 Dec 1977 - 14 Apr 1990  Afanasiy Ilyich Tubylov            (b. 1929 - d. 2016)
Chairmen of the Supreme Soviet
14 Apr 1990 - 25 Dec 1991  Valentin Kuz'mich Tubylov          (b. 1935)

Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars
12 Jan 1935 - 30 Oct 1937  Grigoriy Alekseyevich Ivanov       (s.a.)
30 Oct 1937 - 28 Mar 1946  Andrey Vasilyevich Tronin          (b. 1901 - d. 1977)
Chairmen of the Council of Ministers
28 Mar 1946 -  9 Jun 1948  Andrey Vasilyevich Tronin          (s.a.)
 9 Jun 1948 - 19 Aug 1952  Pavel Nikolayevich Nikitin         (b. 1907 - d. 1972)
19 Aug 1952 - 12 Mar 1959  Pyotr Petrovich Sysoyev            (s.a.)
12 Mar 1959 - 28 Mar 1967  Stepan Andriyanovich Yefremov      (b. 1908 - d. af.1985)
28 Mar 1967 - 20 Dec 1978  Arkadiy Terentyevich Markov        (b. 1915 - d. 1994)
20 Dec 1978 - 19 Dec 1987  Yuriy Petrovich Kudyashev          (b. 1939 - d. 2004)
 8 Jan 1988 - Apr 1990     Gennadiy Nikolayevich Dmitriyev    (b. 1935 - d. 2012)
Apr 1990 - 25 Dec 1991     Nikolay Yefimovich Mironov         (b. 1936 - d. 1999)

19 Oct 1918                Labor Commune of the Germans of the Volga (also from c.1920
                             called Autonomous Oblast of the Volga Germans), created from
                             part of Saratov and Samara Governorates (within Russian S.F.S.R.) 
 6 Jan 1924                Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic of the Volga Germans
                             (Autonomen Sozialistischen Raete-Republik der Wolgadeutschen),
                             within Russian S.F.S.R.
28 Jun 1928 - 10 Jan 1934  Within the Lower Volga (Nizhnevolzhskiy) Kray.
10 Jan 1934 -  5 Dec 1936  Within Saratov Kray.
 5 Dec 1936                Renamed Volga German Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (Autonome
                             Sozialistische Sowjetrepublik der Wolgadeutschen/Avtonomnaya
                             Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika Nemtsev Povolzh'ya).
 7 Sep 1941                Dissolved and divided between Saratov and Stalingrad oblasti;
                             the German residents are expelled to Central Asia.

Chairmen of the Regional Committee of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
for the Labor Commune of the Volga Germans
1918 - Feb 1919            Ernst Vasilyevich Royter           (b. 1889 - d. 1953)
                             (= Ernst Rudolf Johannes Reuter)
                             (left for Germany Dec 1918)
Feb 1919 - Feb 1920        Pyotr Ivanovich Chagin (Boldovkin) (b. 1898 - d. 1967)
Executive Secretaries of the Regional Committee of the Russian Communist Party
(Bolsheviks) for the Labor Commune of the Volga Germans
Feb 1920 - Oct 1920        Pyotr Ivanovich Chagin (Boldovkin) (s.a.)
Oct 1920 - Apr 1921        A. Akimov
Apr 1921 - 20 Feb 1924     Genrikh Genrikhovich Kenig         (b. 1894 - d. 1938)
                             (= Heinrich König)
Executive Secretaries of the Regional Committee of the Russian Communist Party
(Bolsheviks)(from 31 Dec 1925, All-Union Communist Party [Bolsheviks]) for the
Autonomous Republic of the Volga Germans
20 Feb 1924 - Jan 1928     Genrikh Genrikhovich Kenig         (s.a.)
Jan 1928 - Sep 1928        Frants Frantsevich Gusti           (b. 1893 - d. 1937)
                             (= Ferenc Huszti)
10 Sep 1928 - 15 Dec 1929  Vil'gel'm Genrikhovich Vegner      (b. 1895 - d. 1956)
                             (= Wilhelm Wegner)
15 Dec 1929 -  2 Jun 1932  Khristian Khristianovich Gorst     (b. 1900 - d. af.1953)
                             (= Christian Horst)
First Secretaries of the Regional Committee of the All-Union Communist Party
(Bolsheviks) for the Autonomous Republic of the Volga Germans
 2 Jun 1932 - 19 Jan 1934  Yevgeniy Eduardovich Fresher       (b. 1890 - d. 1938)
                             (= Eugen Frescher) (1st time)
19 Jan 1934 - 30 Dec 1934  Aleksandr Yakovlevich Gleym        (b. 1892 - d. 1954)
                             (= Alexander Gleim)
30 Dec 1934 -  7 Feb 1936  Yevgeniy Eduardovich Fresher       (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
 7 Feb 1936 -  1 Feb 1937  Adam Andreyevich Vel'sh            (b. 1893 - d. 1937)
                             (= Adam Welsch)
 1 Feb 1937 - 26 Jul 1937  Yevgeniy Eduardovich Fresher       (s.a.)
                             (3rd time)
26 Jul 1937 - 26 Apr 1938  Yakov Abramovich Popok             (b. 1894 - d. 1938)
26 Apr 1938 - 13 Nov 1939  Ivan Semyonovich Anoshin           (b. 1904 - d. 1991)
                             (acting to 1 Jul 1938)
13 Nov 1939 - Sep 1941     Sergey Ivanovich Malov             (b. 1904 - d. 1951)

Chairman of the Volga Commissariat on German Affairs
30 Apr 1918 - 31 Oct 1918  Ernst Vasilyevich Royter           (s.a.)
Chairmen of the Executive Committee of the Regional Soviet
Oct 1918 - Mar 1919        Ernst Vasilyevich Royter           (s.a.)
Dec 1918 - 1919            Karl Gidovich Petin                (b. 1887 - d. 1940)
                             (= Karl Petin)?
                             (acting for Royter)
Mar 1919 - Feb 1920        Adam Iogannesovich Reykhert        (b. 1869 - d. 1936)
                             (= Adam Reichert)
Feb 1920 - Oct 1920        Aleksandr Ivanovich Dotts          (b. 1890 - d. 1973)
                             (= Alexander Dotz)
Oct 1920 - Jul 1921        Vasiliy Romanovich Pakun
Jul 1921 - 10 Nov 1922     Aleksandr Fyodorovich Moor         (b. 1889 - d. 1938)
                             (= Alexander Moor)
10 Nov 1922 -  6 Jan 1924  Vil'gel'm Adol'fovich Kurts        (b. 1892 - d. 1938)
                             (= Wilhelm Kurz)
Chairmen of the Central Executive Committee
Jan 1924 - May 1930        Iogann Fridrikhovich Shvab         (b. 1888 - d. 1938)
                             (= Johannes Schwab)
1930 - Feb 1931            Genrikh Mikhaylovich Fuks          (b. 1895 - d. 1938)
                             (= Heinrich Fuchs)
                             (1st time) (acting)
Feb 1931 - Jun 1934        Aleksandr Yakovlevich Gleym        (s.a.)
Jun 1934 - Jan 1935        Genrikh Mikhaylovich Fuks          (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
Jan 1935 -  8 Feb 1936     Adam Andreyevich Vel'sh            (s.a.)
 8 Feb 1936 - 15 Aug 1937  Genrikh Aleksandrovich Lyuft       (b. 1899 - d. 1937)
                             (= Heinrich Lüft)
15 Aug 1937 - 25 Jul 1938  David Genrikhovich Rozenberger     (b. 1896 - d. 1956)
                             (= David Heinrich Rosenberger)
Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
25 Jul 1938 -  5 Sep 1941  Konrad Genrikhovich Gofman         (b. 1894 - d. 1977)
                             (= Conrad Hoffmann)

Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars
12 Jan 1924 - Nov 1929     Vil'gel'm Adol'fovich Kurts        (s.a.)
Nov 1929 - Feb 1931        Aleksandr Yakovlevich Gleym        (s.a.)
Feb 1931 - Jan 1935        Genrikh Mikhaylovich Fuks          (s.a.)
Jan 1935 -  8 Feb 1936     Adam Andreyevich Vel'sh            (s.a.)
 8 Feb 1936 - 15 Aug 1937  Genrikh Aleksandrovich Lyuft       (s.a.)
15 Aug 1937 -  5 Jun 1938  Vladimir Fyodorovich Dalinger      (b. 1902 - d. 1967)
                             (= Waldemar Dalinger)
Jun 1938 -  5 Sep 1941     Aleksandr Iogannesovich Gekman     (b. 1908 - d. 1994)
                             (= Alexander Heckmann)

27 Apr 1922                Yakut Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic (created from the
                             former Yakutsk oblast), within Russian S.F.S.R.
 5 Dec 1936                Renamed Yakut Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic.
27 Sep 1990                Declaration of state sovereignty (Yakutia-Sakha Soviet Socialist
                             Republic).
28 Dec 1991                Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)

Executive Secretary of the Yakutsk Oblast Bureau of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
12 Mar 1922 - 18 May 1922  Isidor Nikiforovich Barakhov       (b. 1898 - d. 1938)
                             (Ivanov)  
Executive Secretaries of the Yakut Regional Committee of the Russian Communist Party
(Bolsheviks)(from 31 Dec 1925, All-Union Communist Party [Bolsheviks])
18 May 1922 - Jun 1922     Isidor Nikiforovich Barakhov       (s.a.)
                             (Ivanov) (1st time) 
Jun 1922 - Mar 1923        Maksim Kirovich Ammosov            (b. 1897 - d. 1938)
Mar 1923 - Dec 1923        Konstantin Rudol'fovich Gertsenberg(b. 1888 - d. 1951)
Dec 1923 - Jun 1925        Yefim Grigoryevich Pestun          (b. 1889 - d. 1937)
13 Sep 1925 - Jan 1926     Vasiliy Vladimirovich Dyakov       (b. 1897 - d. 1936)
Jan 1926 - 1926            Stepan Maksimovich Arzhakov        (b. 1899 - d. 1942)
                             (acting)                
1926 - Jun 1926            Aleksandr Gavriilovich Gabyshev    (b. 1899 - d. 1942)
                             (1st time)(acting)        
Jun 1926 - Mar 1928        Isidor Nikiforovich Barakhov       (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
Mar 1928 - Dec 1928        Aleksandr Gavriilovich Gabyshev    (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)(acting)          
Dec 1928 - 31 Mar 1930     Nikolay Ivanovich Baryshev         (b. 1898 - d. 1937)
31 Mar 1930 -  4 Jul 1930  Nikolay Nikolayevich Okoyomov      (b. 1897 - d. 1939)
                             (acting)
Oct 1930 - Aug 1931        Pavel Matveyevich Pevznyak         (b. 1898 - d. 1942)
First Secretaries of the Yakut Regional Committee of the All-Union Communist Party
(Bolsheviks) (from 13 Oct 1952, Communist Party of the Soviet Union)
13 Aug 1931 - Jan 1939     Pavel Matveyevich Pevznyak         (s.a.)
Feb 1939 - Aug 1943        Ion Lukich Stepanenko              (b. 1895 - d. 1965)
Aug 1943 - Dec 1946        Georgiy Ivanovich Maslennikov      (b. 1905 - d. 1999)
Dec 1946 - May 1951        Ilya Yegorovich Vinokurov          (b. 1896 - d. 1957)
May 1951 - Oct 1965        Semyon Zakharovich Borisov         (b. 1911 - d. 1999)
Oct 1965 -  9 May 1982     Gavriil Iosifovich Chiryayev       (b. 1925 - d. 1982)
 9 May 1982 - Jun 1982     Marat Pavlovich Gubkin (acting)
Jun 1982 - 20 Sep 1990     Yuriy Nikolayevich Prokopyev       (b. 1932 - d. 2003)
First Secretary of the Yakut Republican Committee of the Communist Party
of the Russian S.F.S.R.
20 Sep 1990 - 23 Aug 1991  Yuriy Nikolayevich Prokopyev       (s.a.)

Chairman of the Yakut Revolutionary Committee
22 Aug 1921 - 27 Dec 1922  Platon Alekseyevich Oyunskiy       (b. 1893 - d. 1939)
                             (Sleptsov)                
Chairmen of the Central Executive Committee
Jan 1923 -  5 Jul 1926     Platon Alekseyevich Oyunskiy       (s.a.)
 5 Jul 1926 - Mar 1927     Mikhail Vasilyevich Megezhekskiy   (b. 1898 - d. 1929)
                             (Ksenofontov)                
Mar 1927 - Aug 1928        Maksim Kirovich Ammosov            (s.a.)
29 Aug 1928 -  4 Mar 1929  Nikolay Vasilyevich Bubyakin       (b. 1898 - d. 1942)
 4 Mar 1929 - Jun 1931     Ananiy Kononovich Andreyev         (b. 1901 - d. 1944)
Jun 1931 - Dec 1934        Nikolay Semyonovich Yemelyanov     (b. 1900 - d. 1965)
Dec 1934 - Jul 1938        Aleksandr Gavriilovich Gabyshev    (s.a.)
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
Jul 1938 - Mar 1947        Sofya Petrovna Sidorova (f)        (b. 1904 - d. 1951)
Mar 1947 - Dec 1948        Vasiliy Andreyevich Protodyakonov  (b. 1912 - d. 1993)
Dec 1948 - Apr 1954        Pyotr Vasilyevich Ammosov          (b. 1903 - d. 1977)
12 Apr 1954 - Mar 1963     Mariya Dmitriyevna Nartakhova (f)  (b. 1906 - d. 1987)
Mar 1963 - Dec 1979        Aleksandra Yakovlevna              (b. 1915 - d. 2009)
                             Ovchinnikova (f) 
Dec 1979 - Mar 1985        Yevdokiya Nikolayevna Gorokhova (f)(b. 1924 - d. 2014)
Mar 1985 -  8 Dec 1989     Lyuliya Nikolayevna Grigoryeva (f) (b. 1941)
 8 Dec 1989 - 25 Apr 1990  Mikhail Yefimovich Nikolayev       (b. 1937)
Chairman of the Supreme Soviet
25 Apr 1990 - 27 Dec 1991  Mikhail Yefimovich Nikolayev       (s.a.)

Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars
21 Jan 1923 - 13 Jun 1924  Isidor Nikiforovich Barakhov       (s.a.)
Jun 1924 - 23 Dec 1924     Stepan Maksimovich Arzhakov        (b. 1899 - d. 1942)
                             (1st time)
23 Dec 1924 - 11 Jun 1925  Ivan Nikolayevich Vinokurov        (b. 1893 - d. 1935)
11 Jun 1925 - Aug 1928     Maksim Kirovich Ammosov            (s.a.)
29 Aug 1928 -  4 Mar 1929  Nikolay Vasiliyevich Bubyakin      (s.a.)
 4 Mar 1929 - Jun 1931     Ananiy Kononovich Andreyev         (s.a.)
18 Jun 1931 - 22 Aug 1937  Khristofor Prokofyevich Sharaborin (b. 1904 - d. 1938)
22 Aug 1937 - Jul 1938     Stepan Maksimovich Arzhakov        (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
29 Jul 1938 - Mar 1940     Nurgali Gizetovich Fatkulov        (b. 1900 - d. 19..)
 4 Apr 1940 - 28 Jun 1943  Vladimir Alekseyevich Muratov      (b. 1905 - d. 19..)
28 Jun 1943 - Jun 1946     Ilya Yegorovich Vinokurov          (s.a.)
Chairmen of the Council of Ministers
Jun 1946 - 12 Dec 1946     Ilya Yegorovich Vinokurov          (s.a.)
12 Dec 1946 - 25 Dec 1948  Semyon Zakharovich Borisov         (s.a.)
                             (1st time)
25 Dec 1948 - 23 Jan 1950  Vasiliy Andreyevich Protodyakonov  (s.a.)
                             (1st time)
23 Jan 1950 -  3 May 1951  Semyon Zakharovich Borisov         (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
 3 May 1951 - 20 Apr 1953  Vasiliy Andreyevich Protodyakonov  (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
20 Apr 1953 - Apr 1956     Roman Gavriilovich Vasilyev        (b. 1913 - d. 1991)
Apr 1956 - 13 Jun 1956     .... (acting)
13 Jun 1956 - 18 Mar 1963  Vasiliy Maksimovich Kucherov       (b. 1907 - d. 1992)
18 Mar 1963 - 23 Dec 1965  Semyon Aleksandrovich Ivanov       (b. 1922 - d. ....)
23 Dec 1965 - 28 Nov 1966  Aleksey Yemelyanovich Lelikov      (b. 1912 - d. 1990)
28 Nov 1966 - 20 Dec 1979  Ivan Ivanovich Petrov              (b. 1918 - d. 2000)
Dec 1979 - 28 Oct 1989     Sergey Nikolayevich Markin         (b. 1926 - d. 2014)
28 Oct 1989 - Dec 1990     Vladislav Pavlovich Shamshin       (b. 1937 - d. 2014)
29 Dec 1990 - 25 Dec 1991  Kliment Yegorovich Ivanov          (b. 1936)