Belarus
-
- 23 Jan 1793 - 19 Feb
1918
-
|
-
- 9 - 27 Mar 1918, 5 Sep -
31 Dec 1918
- (semi-official 27 Jul
1942 - 3 Jul 1944)
|
-
- 5 Jan 1919 - 3 Feb 1919;
- 27 Feb 1919 - 31 Jul 1920
"Litbel"
|
3 Feb 1919 - 27 Feb 1919
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-
- 31 Jul 1920 - 30 Dec
1922
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-
- 30 Dec 1922 - 25 Dec
1991
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25 Aug 1991 - 7 Jun 1995
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7 Jun 1995 - 19 Mar 2008
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19 Mar 2008 - 1 Jan 2010
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1 Jan 2010 - 1 May 2012
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Adopted 1 May 2012
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|
Map
of Belarus
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Hear
National Anthem
"Dzyarzhawny Himn
Respubliki Belarus"
(National Anthem of
Republic of Belarus)
(1991-2002 without
lyrics)
Adopted 1991 (lyrics 2
Jul 2002)
|
Former
National
Anthem
"Vayatski Marsh"
(Warriors March)
(1919)
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Constitution
(1 Mar 1994)
--------------------------
Constituent
Charter
(9 Mar 1918-1920)
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Capital:
Minsk
(Communist: Minsk [excl.19 Feb 1918
- 10 Dec 1918 Smolensk, 27 Feb 1919
- 19 Apr 1919 Vilnius, 8 Aug - 1 Sep
1919 Babruysk])
(Non-Communist: Minsk [excl.
Dec 1918-Dec 1919 Hrodna])
|
Currency:
Belarusian Ruble
(BYR); 1991-92 Russian
Ruble (RUR); 1942-44 German
Reichskreditkassenscheine
(XDEK); 1918-1919
Darlehenskasse Ost Mark
(DEOM); 1918 German
Darlehenskasse Ost Ruble
(DEOR)
|
National
Holiday: 3 Jul (1944)
Dzie' Niezaliezhnasci
(Independence Day)
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Population:
9,501,451
(2024)
9,000,000 (1941 est.)
|
GDP:
$176.2 billion (2022)
|
Exports:
$46.8 billion (2022)
Imports: $42.3
billion (2022)
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Ethnic groups:
Belarusian 83.7%, Russian 8.3%,
Polish 3.1%, Ukrainian 1.7%, other
3.2% (2009)
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Total Active
Armed Forces: 43,350 (2018)
Russian Forces: 1,500 (2015)
Former
Nuclear Power: 81 weapons
(1991-1996)
Merchant Marine:
4 ships (2023)
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Religions:
Orthodox 48.3%, Catholic 7.1%, other
3.5%,
non-believers 41.1% (2011)
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International
Organizations/Treaties from
1991: ACS (observer), AIIB
(nonregional), ANT, APM, BSEC
(observer), BTWC, CBSS
(observer)(suspended), CEI
(suspended), CFE (suspended), CICA
(observer), CIS, CSTO, CTBT, CWC,
EAEU, EAPC (suspended), EBRD
(suspended), ENMOD, ESCR, Eutelsat,
FAO, GCTU, IAEA, IBEC (partner), IBRD,
ICAO, ICC, ICRM, ICSID, IFC, IFRCS
(suspended), IIB (observer), ILO, IMF,
IMO, IMSO, Interpol, Intersputnik, IOC (suspended), IOM, IPU,
IRENA, ISA, ISO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, NAM,
NPT, NSG, NTBT, OPCW, OS, OSCE, OST,
PCA, PFP (suspended), SCO, SUBR, UN, UNCLOS, UNCTAD,
UNESCO,
UNFCC, UNFCC-KP,
UNFCC-PA, UNHCR,
UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO,
WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer), ZC
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Belarus
Index
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Chronology
5th cent.
East Slavic tribes
begin migration into the area
of present-day Belarus replacing the
Baltic
tribes.
c.862
Polotsk a part
of the Grand Principality of Rus'
(see Ukraine).
c.987
Polotsk (Polot'sk,
Polatsk)
principality,
under
the increasingly nominal suzerainty
of Kiev Rus'.
14 Apr 1101
Polotsk
becomes internally divided into
the
principalities of
Polotsk, Minsk
(Mensk),
Drutsk,
and Vitebsk
(Vitsebsk).
1243
Polotsk
avoids Mongol suzerainty, eventually
it is
separated from Rus'.
c.1248
Polotsk a vassal of Lithuania.
129. - 1307
Polotsk city area briefly under the
rule of the
Livonian Order.
1307
Polotsk part of Lithuania
(the principality
abolished 1387).
1320
Vitebsk part of Lithuania (the
principality
abolished 1394).
1326
Minsk principality abolished by Lithuania.
4 Jul
1569
Part of the Lithuanian "half" of Poland-Lithuania.
30 Jun 1655 - Jan 1661
Minsk occupied by Russia.
3 Jul 1707 - Feb 1708
Minsk
occupied by Russia
Feb 1708 -
1709
Minsk occupied by
Sweden.
1709 - 1710
Minsk occupied
by Russia.
1733 - 1734
Minsk
occupied by Russia.
18 Sep
1773
Eastern Belarus is annexed
from Poland-Lithuania
Lithuania by Russia in First
Partition of Poland
(by treaty, ratified by Poland 30
Sep 1773).
18 Sep
1793
Belarus (Minsk area) is annexed from
Poland-
Lithuania by Russia
in Second Partition of Poland
(by Russo-Polish treaty).
24 Oct
1795
Remaining western areas of modern
Belarus annexed
by Russia in the Third Partition of
Poland.
8 Jul 1812 -
16 Nov 1812 Minsk occupied by
France. French occupied
Belarus
is
divided into the departments of
Minsk, Grodno,
and Białystok (Byalistok)
as part of Grand
Principality of Lithuania (see Lithuania),
and
the provinces of Moghilev (Mohilew/Mohilef)
and
Vitebsk (Witebsk) are
subordinated to Governor-
General of Smolensk (see under Russia).
1 Feb 1863 - 10 Feb
1864 Russian rule disrupted in
part of Belarus in
conjunction with the "Second
Insurrection" in
Poland (see Lithuania).
1905 -
1906
Local rebellions part of Russian
Revolution of 1905.
7 Apr 1917 - 9 Apr
1917 First Congress of Byelorussian
(Belorussian)
National Organizations
(ZBNA) demands cultural -
national regional autonomy.
9 Apr
1917
Byelorussian
National Committee (BNK)(chairman
Roman
Aleksandrovich Skirmunt [Raman
Alyaksandravich
Skirmunt] established by the ZBNA to
develop
contacts with the Russian
government.
21 Jul 1917 - 23 Jul 1917
Second Congress of Byelorussian
National
Organizations (ZBNA) seeks to unite
Byelorussian
national organizations.
23 Jul
1917
BNK replaced by the Central Rada of
Byelorussian
Organizations
(CRBA) as coordinating body of
Byelorussian
national parties and organizations.
28 Oct 1917 - 6 Nov 1917
Second session of CRBA, it is
reorganized into Great
Byelorussian
Council (VBR)(chairman Vyacheslav
"Vaclav" Antonovich Adamovich
[Vyachaslaw "Vaclaw"
Antonavіch Adamovich][b. 1864 - d.
1939] of BSG).
7 Nov
1917
Coup d'état, "Ispolkom" of the Minsk
Soviet takes
power.
18 Dec
1917
First All-Byelorussian
Congress meets to organize
a regional administration.
Dispersed by Communist
forces on
31 Dec 1917.
29 Dec
1917
Rada of the All-Byelorussian
Congress (chairman Ivan
Nikitovich Sereda [Ivan Mikitavich
Syerada])
established.
31 Dec
1917
Congress is dispersed by Communist
forces, its
leadership bodies continue
underground.
19 Jan
1918
Constituent assembly is dissolved by
decree of the
Central Executive Committee.
18 Feb 1918
German invasion begins (as part of
"Operation
Faustschlag"), on 19 Feb 1918 the
Communists
evacuate Minsk (to Smolensk) leading
to an
insurgency by the Polish
Legionaries Corps 19-21
Feb 1918.
21 Feb 1918 - 9 Dec
1918 German occupation
of Minsk.
21 Feb
1918
People's Secretariat established by
the Executive
Committee of the Board of the First
All-
Byelorussian Congress.
3 Mar
1918
By the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
Russia renounces
sovereignty over Belorussia to
Germany (ratified
29
Mar 1918; annulled by armistice 11
Nov 1918).
9 Mar
1918
Byelorussian (Belorussian)
People's Republic
(Belaruskaya
Narodnaya Respublika)
established
(within Russia)(not effected).
25 Mar
1918
Independence proclaimed in
Minsk by the Rada,
claiming all Belorussian populated
provinces (not
effected).
27 Mar 1918
Rada claims power and
as a consequence the
secretariat is shut down by German
authorities.
10 Dec
1918
Soviet power re-established in Minsk
province.
5 Jan
1919
Byelorussian Socialist Soviet
Republic (Savetskaya
Satsyyalistychnaya Respublika
Belarus'/
Sotsialisticheskaya Sovetskaya
Respublika
Belorussiya).
27 Feb 1919 - 1 Sep 1919
Merged into Socialist Conciliar
("Soviet") Republic
of Lithuania and Belorussia
("Litbel"), under
Russian pressure (see under Lithuania).
9 Feb
1919
Polish invasion begins.
19 Apr
1919
Polish occupation of Vilnius
(government moves to
Minsk).
8 Aug
1919
Polish occupation of Minsk¹ (government
moves to
Smolensk).
12 Dec
1919
Byelorussian People's Republic
(restored) under
Polish occupation. On 13
Dec 1919 new President of
Byelorussian National
Rada and government-in-exile
elected.
May
1920
Rada signs an agreement with Poland
making Belarus
an
autonomous part of Poland
(not effected).
11 Jul
1920
Soviet rule restored¹, Rada again
goes into exile.
31 Jul
1920
Byelorussian Socialist Soviet
Republic (restored)
(secession
from "LitBel").
12 Oct
1920
Western Belarus ceded to Poland (by
Poland-Soviet
Russia peace treaty, ratified 2 Nov
1920).
14 Nov 1920 - 28 Dec 1920
Military anti-Bolshevik uprising in
Slutsk (Słuck).
16 Jan 1921
Soviet Russia signs the Union Treaty
with the
nominally independent Belorussian
S.S.R.
30 Apr
1921
Treaty of Riga ratified (signed 18
Mar 1921),
Poland retains about one-third of
western Belarus.
30 Dec
1922
Founding component of the Soviet
Union.
10 Mar
1924
Vitebsk and Mogilev transferred to
Byelorussian
S.S.R. from the Russian S.F.S.R.
Oct
1925
Self-liquidation of BNR Rada and
government in exile
leadership returns to Byelorussia
(not fully
recognized by all members).
6 Dec 1926
Gomel transferred to
Byelorussian S.S.R. from
the Russian S.F.S.R.
28 Aug 1933
Orthography reformed, including
canonical instead of
vernacular name forms (by resolution
B.S.S.R.
Council of People's Commissars,
effective 16 Sep
1933, amended 1957/59).
2 Feb
1937
Byelorussian Soviet Socialist
Republic
28 Sep
1939
Western regions incorporated into
Byelorussian
S.S.R. (previously part of Poland
1920-1939).
22 Jun 1941
German invasion begins (completed 19
Aug 1941 by
occupation of Homel').
28 Jun 1941
German occupation of Minsk (remains
under military
administration until 1 Sep 1941).
28 Jun 1941 - 3 Jul 1944
Occupied by Germany.
1 Sep
1941
Belarus
(the central part), is made General
District (Generalbezirk
Weissruthenien), within
Reichskommissariat of Ostland
(see under Latvia).
Eastern Belarus (Vitsebsk, Mahilew,
Homel')
remains under military rule,
Southern Belarus
(Brest, Pinsk, Mazyr) becomes part
of the
Reichskommissariat of Ukraine
until 25 Feb 1944.
1 Apr
1944
Generalbezirk Weissruthenien
separated from the
Reichskommissariat Ostland.
3 Jul
1944
Minsk liberated by the Soviet Union
(Brest is
liberated on 28 Jul 1944).
27 Jul
1944
Soviet-Poland border set at Curzon
line (by Soviet-
Polish agreement, amended
by treaty 16 Aug 1945).
26 Jan
1990
Belarusian and Russian state
languages.
27 Jul
1990
Declaration of state sovereignty.
19 Sep
1991
Republic of Belarus (Respublika
Belarus')(use of
"Byelorussian S.S.R." allowed until
1993)
("Belarus" as alternative polity
style is endorsed
by
law of 19 Sep 1991 and the 15 Mar
1994
constitution).
10 Dec
1991
Independence declared.
26 Dec
1991
Independence effective (dissolution
of U.S.S.R.).
15 Mar 1994 - 27 Nov 1996
Belarusian the only state language
(Russian is
recognized as a state language again
in accordance
with Art. 17 of the Constitution of
27 Nov 1996).
26 Jan 2000
Member of the Union
State of Russia and Belarus.
23 Jul
2008
Orthography reform (by law No.420-3,
effective
1 Sep 2010).
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Belarus
Admin.
Divisions
|
Belorussian
Republic
in Exile
(from 1919)
|
Byelorussian
Soviet
Socialist
Republic
(1919-1991)
|
Pro-Soviet
Resistance
to German
Occupation
(1942-1944)
|
Historical
Maps
of
Belarus
|
Orthodox
Church
of Belorussia
(1922-1946)
|
|
|
|
|
Note: In Belarus until 1991 persons
were commonly known by the Russian forms of their
names. Therefore, in this record until 1991 Russian
name forms are given first, with Belarusian (then
commonly called Byelorussian or Belorussian) forms in
parentheses. For records after 1991 the Belarusian
forms are given first instead, with Russian
equivalents in parentheses. Both forms are
transliterated using a modified BGN/PCGN romanization
system. All dates after 1584 are in New Style
(NS) format.
Russian Governors-general
of Mogilyov, Pskov (to 1776) and Polotsk (from 1776)
(with title Namestnik)(in
Mogilyov)
Jun 1772 - Feb 1782
Graf Zakhar
Grigoryevich
(b. 1722 - d. 1784)
Chernyshyov (Chernyshev)
Feb
1782 - Dec 1796 Pyotr
Bogdanovich
Passek
(b. 1736 - d. 1804)
Dec 1796 - Feb
1802 Post
abolished
Russian
Military governors of Belorussia and Chief
administrators of Civil affairs for
Vitebsk and Mogilyov
Governorates (in Vitebsk; with rights
of governor-general)
27 Feb 1802 - 1803
Aleksandr
Mikhaylovich Rimskiy- (b. 1753 - d.
1840)
Korsakov
1803 -
1806
Ivan Ivanovich
Mikhel'son
(b. 1740 - d. 1807)
(Johann von Michelsohnen)
1806 -
1811
Vacant
3 Apr 1811 -
1812
Gertsog Aleksandr Vyurtembergskiy
(b. 1771 - d. 1833)
(= Alexander Friedrich Karl Herzog
von Würtemberg)(1st time)
Russian Governors-general of Minsk,
Izyaslav (from 1795, Volhynia) and Bratslav
(from 1795, Podolia)(with
title Namestnik) (in Minsk)
May 1793
Graf Mikhail
Nikitich Krechetnikov (b. 1729 - d. 1793)
May 1793 - Dec 1796
Timofey Ivanovich
Tutol'min (b.
1740 - d. 1809)
Russian
Chief administrators of Civil affairs for Minsk
Governorate
(with rights of
governor-general)
1796 - 1801
the
Military governors of Kamenets-Podol'skiy
1801 - 1808
the Military governors of Kiev
1808 - 1812
Vacant
French Governor of Minsk Department
Jul 1812 - Nov 1812
Mikołaj Bogdan Kajetan
Oppeln- (b. 1772 - d. 1817)
Bronikowski (= Nicolas Bronikowski)
French
Governor of Grodno Department
Jul 1812 - Dec 1812
Jean Antoine
Brun
(b. 1761 - d. 1826)
French Governor of Byalistok (Białystok)
Department
Jul 1812 - 24 Dec 1812
Jacques Martin Madeleine Ferrière (b. 1771 - d.
1813)
French Governors of Witebsk
(Vitebsk) Province
Aug 1812 - Sep 1812
Henri François Marie, comte
(b. 1769 - d. 1831)
Charpentier
Sep 1812 - Nov 1812
François René Pouget de
Cailloux (b. 1767 - d. 1851)
French Governor of Mohilew/Mohilef
(Moghilev)
Province
Aug 1812 - Nov 1812
Pedro de Almeida Portugal,
(b. 1754 - d. 1813)
marquês de Alorna
Russian Military
governor of Belorussia and Chief administrator of
Civil affairs
for Vitebsk and Mogilyov Governorates (in
Vitebsk; with rights of governor-general)
1812 - 1814
Vacant
1814 - Aug 1822
Gertsog Aleksandr
Vyurtembergskiy (s.a.)
(2nd time)
Russian Governors-general of Vitebsk,
Mogilyov, Smolensk and (to 1831) Kaluga (in
Vitebsk)
1823 - 22 May 1836
Knyaz' Nikolay
Nikolayevich
(b. 1777 - d. 1837)
Khovanskiy
22 May 1836 - 1846
Pyotr Nikolayevich
Dyakov
(b. 1788 - d. 1860)
1846 - 10 Jun
1853
Knyaz' Andrey Mikhaylovich Golitsyn(b.
1792 - d. 1863)
6 Aug
1853 - 1854
Pavel Nikolayevich Ignatyev
(b. 1797 - d. 1880)
1854 - 29 Feb
1856
Knyaz' Mikhail
Aleksandrovich (b. 1802
- d. 1883)
Urusov
29 Feb 1856 -
1863 Post
abolished
Russian Chief
administrators of Civil affairs for Vitebsk and
Mogilyov Governorates
(with rights of governor-general)
1863 - 1869
the
Governors-general of Vilnius
Russian Military governors (from 1831,
temporary military governors) of Minsk and Chief
administrators of Civil affairs for Minsk
Governorate (with rights of
governor-general)
1812 - 1815
Gavriil Aleksandrovich Ignatyev (b.
1768 - d. 1852)
1815 - 1831
Vacant
1831
Knyaz' Nikolay Andreyevich
(b. 1792 - d. 1847)
Dolgorukiy
1831 - 1832
Graf Sergey
Grigoryevich Stroganov (b. 1794 - d. 1882)
1832 - 1856
the
Military governors of Vilnius
as
governors-general of Minsk
1856 - 1861
Vacant
1861
Nikolay Matveyevich Yafimovich
(b. 1804 - d. 1874)
1861 - 1862
Sergey Yegorovich
Kushelev
(b. 1821 - d. 1890)
1862 - 1863
the
Military governors of Vilnius as
governors-general of Minsk
1863 - 1864
Vasiliy Ivanovich
Zabolotskiy (b. 1807 - d.
1877)
1864 - 1870
the
Governors-general of Vilnius
as
governors-general of Minsk
1870
Post abolished
Chairman of the Military Revolutionary
Committee of Belarus and the Western Front
("Ispolkom")
9 Nov 1917
- 9 Dec 1917 Aleksandr Fyodorovich
Myasnikov (b. 1886 - d. 1925)
RSDRP-B
(Alyaksandr Fyodaravich Myasnikow
= Aleksandr Teodorosi Myasnikyan)
Chairmen of the Council of Workers',
Soldiers' and Peasants' Deputies of the
West Region Executive
Committee and the Western Front
9 Dec 1917 - Dec
1917 Nikolay Vladimirovich
Rogozinskiy (b. 1886 - d. 1941) RSDRP-B
(Mikalay Uladzimiravich Rohozinski)
Chairman of the Rada of the All-Byelorussian
Congress
29 Dec 1917 - 31 Dec 1917
Ivan Nikitovich Sereda
(b. 1879 - d. 1943?) BSG
(Ivan "Yanka"
Mikitavich Syerada)
Chairmen of the Council of Workers',
Soldiers' and Peasants' Deputies of the
West Region Executive Committee and the
Western Front
30 Jan 1918 - 16 Sep 1918 Aleksandr
Fyodorovich Myasnikov
(s.a.)
RKP
16 Sep 1918 - 1 Jan
1919 Semyon Varfolomeyevich
Ivanov (b. 1880 - d.
1955) RKP
(Syamyon
Varfalamyeyevich Ivanow)
Commander of the 1st Polish Corps in
Russia (in Minsk)
19 Feb 1918 - 21
Feb 1918 Iosif Romanovich
Dovbor-Musnitskiy (b. 1867
- d. 1937) Mil
(Yazep Romanovich Dovbor-Musnitski
= Józef Dowbor-Musńicki)
German Commanders of the 10th Army (in
Minsk)
21 Feb 1918 - 29 Mar 1918 Emil Gottfried
Hermann von (b. 1848 - d.
1918) Mil
Eichhorn
29 Mar 1918 - 9 Dec 1918 Erich Georg
Sebastian
von
(b. 1861 - d. 1922) Mil
Falkenhayn
Chairmen of the Executive Committee of
the Rada of
the All-Byelorussian Congress
(operating underground)
31 Dec 1917 - 3 Jan 1918 Tomash
Tomashevich Grib
(b. 1895 - d. 1938) BPSR
(Tamash Tamashavich Hryb)
3 Jan 1918 - 19 Mar 1918 Iosif Yakovlevich
Voronko (b.
1891 - d. 1952) BSG
(Yazep Yakawlyevich Varonka)
President of the Rada of the Byelorussian
People's Republic
19 Mar 1918 - 14 May 1918 Ivan Nikitovich
Sereda
(s.a.)
BSG
(Ivan "Yanka" Mikitavich Syerada)
14 May 1918 - 10 Dec 1918 Iosif Yuryevich
Lyosik (b.
1884 - d. 1940) SDP
(Yazep Yuryevich Lyosik)
(in opposition to 13 Dec 1919)
Chairman of the Provisional Councils of
Government Workers' and Peasants of Byelorussia
5 Jan 1919 - 3 Feb
1919 Dmitriy Fyodorovich Zhilunovich
(b. 1887 - d. 1937) KPB-B
(Z'mitser Khvedaravich Zhylunovich)
3 Feb 1919 - 27 Feb 1919 Aleksandr
Fyodorovich Myasnikov (s.a.)
KPB-B
27 Feb 1919 - 25 Aug 1919 part
of Lithuanian-Belorussian Socialist
Soviet Republic
(see Lithuania)
8 Aug 1919 - 11 Jul 1920 Polish
occupation
11 Jul 1920 - 31 Jul 1920
Soviet Russian occupation
Chairman of the
Military Revolutionary Committee
31 Jul 1920 - 18 Dec 1920
Aleksandr Grigoryevich Chervyakov (b. 1892 - d.
1937) KPB-B
(Alyaksandr Ryhoravich
Charvyakow)
President of the Byelorussian Provisional Government
14 Nov 1920 - 28 Nov 1920 Stanislav
Nikodimovich Bulak- (b. 1883 - d.
1940) Mil
Balakhovich
(Stanislaw Nikadzimavich Bulak-Balakhovich)
(in rebellion, in Slutsk)
Chairmen of the Central Executive Committee
18 Dec 1920 - 16 Jun 1937
Aleksandr Grigoryevich Chervyakov
(s.a.)
KPB-BGerman Commander-in-chief of Army
Group Center (Heeresgruppe Mitte)
28 Jun 1941 - 1 Sep 1941
Fedor von
Bock
(b. 1880 - d.
1945) Mil
Generalkommissare für
Weissruthenien
1 Sep 1941 - 22 Sep 1943
Wilhelm Paul Richard Kube
(b.
1887 - d. 1943) NSDAP
22 Sep 1943 - 27 Sep 1943
Vacant
27 Sep 1943 - 3 Jul 1944
Curt von Gottberg (acting)
(b. 1896 - d.
1945) NSDAP
Chairmen of the Supreme Council
25 Aug 1991 - 26 Jan 1994 Stanislaw
Stanislavavich
(b. 1934 - d. 2022) Non-party
Shushkyevich
(Stanislav Stanislavovich Shushkevich)
(acting to 19 Sep 1991)
26 Jan 1994 - 28 Jan 1994 Vyachaslaw
Mikalayevich Kuznyatsow (b.
1947)
Non-party
(Vyacheslav Nikolayevich Kuznetsov)
(acting)
28 Jan 1994 - 20 Jul 1994 Myechyslaw
Ivanavich Hryb
(b.
1938)
Non-party
(Mechislav Ivanovich Grib)
President
20 Jul 1994
-
Alyaksandr Ryhoravich Lukashenka (b.
1954)
Non-party
(Aleksandr Grigoryevich
Lukashenko)
Intendant of Minsk
Department, President of administrative commission
Jul 1812 - Nov
1812
Sébastien Louis
Saulnier
(b. 1790 - d. 1835)
Intendant of Grodno Department, President of
administrative commission
Jul 1812 - Dec
1812
François Boleslas Casimir Duval de (b. 1780 - d. 1842)
Chassenon de Curzay
Intendant of Byalistok
(Białystok) Department, President
of administrative commission
Jul 1812 - Dec
1812 Adrien
Louis-Jules
Cochelet (b.
1788 - d. 1858)
Intendant of Witebsk
(Vitebsk)
Province
Aug 1812 - Nov
1812 Amédée
David, marquis de Pastoret (b. 1791 - d. 1857)
Intendant of Mohilew/Mohilef
(Moghilev)
Province
Aug 1812 - Nov
1812 Alfred
Louis Marie Fesquet, baron (b. 1771 - d.af.1832)
de Baulche
Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars of
Western Region and Front
9 Dec 1917 - Jan
1918 Karl Ivanovich Lander
(b. 1883 - d. 1937) RSDRP-B
(Karl Ivanavich Landar)
(= Kārlis Landers)
Jan 1918 - 21 Feb 1918 Moisey
Iosifovich Kalmanovich
(b. 1887 - d. 1937) RKP
(Maysyey Iosifavich Kalmanovich)
Chairmen of the People's Secretariat (in
rebellion)
21 Feb 1918 - 14 May 1918
Iosif Yakovlevich Voronko
(b. 1891 - d.
1952) BSG
(Yazep Yakawlyevich Varonka)
14 May 1918 - 21 Jul 1918 Roman
Aleksandrovich Skirmunt (b.
1868 - d. 1939) Non-party?
(Raman Alyaksandravich Skirmunt)
21 Jul 1918 - 11 Oct 1918 Ivan
Nikitovich Sereda
(s.a.)
PSF
(Ivan "Yanka" Mikitavich Syerada)
Chairmen of the Council of Ministers (in
rebellion)
11 Oct 1918 - 10 Dec 1918
Anton Ivanovich Lutskevich
(b. 1884 - d. 1942) SDP
(Anton Ivanavich Lutskyevich)
(1st time)(in exile 3 Dec 1918-1 Dec 1919)
13 Dec 1919 - 28 Feb 1920 Anton Ivanovich
Lutskyevich
(s.a.)
SDP
(2nd time)
Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars
18 Dec 1920 - 17 Mar
1924 Aleksandr Grigoryevich Chervyakov
(s.a.)
KPB-B
(Alyaksandr Ryhoravich
Charvyakow)
Chairman of the Council of
Ministers
7 Apr 1990 - 22 Jul
1994 Vyachaslaw Frantsavich Kyebich
(b. 1936 - d. 2020)
KPB;1991
(Vyacheslav Frantsevich
Kebich)
Non-party
Prime ministers
22 Jul 1994 - 18 Nov 1996 Mikhail
Mikalayevich Chyhir'
(b.
1948)
Non-party
(Mikhail Nikolayevich Chigir)
18 Nov 1996 - 18 Feb 2000 Syarhyey
Stsyapanavich
Linh (b.
1937)
Non-party
(Sergey Stepanovich Ling)
(acting to 19 Feb 1997)
18 Feb 2000 - 1 Oct 2001
Uladzimir Vasilyevich Yarmoshyn
(b.
1942)
Non-party
(Vladimir Vasilyevich Yermoshin)
(acting to 14 Mar 2000)
1 Oct 2001 - 10
Jul 2003 Hyenadz' Vasilyevich
Navitski (b.
1949)
Non-party
(Gennadiy Vasilyevich Novitskiy)
(acting to 10 Oct 2001)
10 Jul 2003 - 28 Dec 2010 Syarhyey
Syarhyeyevich Sidorski (b.
1954)
Non-party
(Sergey Sergeyevich Sidorskiy)
(acting to 19 Dec 2003 and 8 - 18 Apr 2006)
28 Dec 2010 - 27 Dec 2014 Mikhail
Uladzimiravich Myasnikovich(b.
1950)
Non-party
(Mikhail Vladimirovich Myasnikovich)
27 Dec 2014 - 18 Aug 2018
Andrey Uladzimiravich Kabyakow
(b.
1960)
Non-party
(Andrey Vladimirovich Kobyakov)
18 Aug 2018 - 4 Jun 2020
Syarhyey Mikalayevich
Rumas (b.
1969)
Non-party
(Sergey Nikolayevich Rumas)
4 Jun 2020
-
Raman Alyaksandravіch Halouchanka (b. 1973)
Non-party
(Roman Aleksandrovich Golovchenko)
Byelorussian
Republic in Exile
1920 - 1995 Exile Rada Flag
|
1919 - 1920, Re-adopted 1925 |
Chairmen of the Rada (acting as Presidents)
13 Dec 1919
- 8 Mar 1928 Pyotra Antonavich
Krechewski (b. 1879 - d.
1928) PSF
(Pyotr Antonovich Krechevskiy)
(in Kaunas to Apr 1923, then Berlin exile)
8 Mar 1928 - 6 Mar 1943
Vasil' Ivanavich
Zakharka
(b. 1877 - d. 1943) PSF
(Vasiliy Ivanovich Zakharko)
(in Prague exile)
6 Mar 1943 - 29 May 1970 Mikalay
Syamyonavich Abramchyk (b.
1903 - d. 1970)
(Nikolay Semyonovich Abramchik)
(in Prague to 1945, then in Paris exile)
29 May 1970 - 27 Nov 1982 Vintsent
Antonavіch Zhuk-
(b. 1903 - d. 1989)
Hryshkevich (in Canada exile)
(Vikentiy Antonovich Zhuk-Grishkevich)
27 Nov 1982 - 31 Aug 1997 Yazep
Symonavіch Sazhych
(b. 1917 - d. 2007)
BNP
(Iosif Simonovich Sazhich)
(in U.S. exile)
31 Aug 1997
-
Ivonka Uladzimirawna Survilla (f) (b. 1936)
(Ivonka Vladimirovna Survilla)
(in Canada exile)
Chairmen of the Council of People's
Ministers
13 Dec 1919 - 23 May 1923 Vaclaw
Yustynavich
Lastowski (b.
1883 - d. 1938) PSR
(Vatslav Yustinovich Lastovskiy)
(in Kaunas to Apr 1923, then Berlin)
23 May 1923 - Oct
1925 Alyaksandar Ivanavich
Ts'vikyevich (b. 1888 - d. 1937) PSF
(Aleksandr Ivanovich Ts'vikevich)
(in Berlin exile)
12 Dec 1925 - 6 Mar 1943 Vasil'
Ivanavich
Zacharka
(s.a.)
PSF
(in Prague in exile)
6 Mar 1943 - Mar
1946 Mikalay Syamyonavich
Abramchyk (s.a.)
Mar 1946 - Jun
1948
Awhyen Todaravich
Kalubovich (b.
1910 - d. 1987)
(Yevgeniy Fyodorovich Kolubovich)
(in West Germany exile)
Byelorussian Central
Rada (in opposition to exile BNR Rada)
Chairmen of the Central Rada
21 Dec 1943 - 24 Sep 1945
Radaslaw Kazіmіravіch Astrowski (b.
1887 - d. 1976) Non-party
(Radoslav Kazimirovich Ostrovskiy)
(from 30 Jun 1944, in Germany exile)
(1st time)
24 Sep 1945 - 24 Sep 1948 Vacant
9 May 1948 - 17 Oct 1976 Radaslaw
Kazіmіravіch Astrowski (s.a.)
(in [W.]Germany exile to 1956, then in U.S.)
(2nd time)
4 Jul 1977 - 6 Dec
1987 Nikandar Myadzeyka
(b. 1914 - d. 1987)
(Nikandar Medeyko)
17 Sep 1988 - 24 Apr 1995
Mikhas Mikhaylavich
Zuy
(b. 1909 - d. 1995)
(Mikhail Mikhaylovich Zuy)
(in Sydney, Australia exile)
¹During the Polish and Russian
occupation, there were two rebel revivals in part
of the country of the Belarussian People's
Republic.
Territorial Disputes: Boundary
demarcated with Latvia and Lithuania; as a member
state that forms part of the EU's external border,
Poland has implemented strict Schengen border
rules to restrict illegal immigration and trade
along its border with Belarus.
Party abbreviations: BPR =
Byelaruskaya Patryyatychnaya Partyya/Belorusskaya
Patrioticheskaya Partiya (authoritarian,
to 1996 named Belarusian Patriotic
Movement, est.1995); Mil =
Military;
- Former parties: BNP =
Byelaruskaya Nyezalyezhnitskaya Partyya
(Belorussian Independence Party, est.1939/40); BSG
= Byelaruskaya Satsyyalistychnaya
Hramada/Belorusskiy Sotsialisticheskaya Gromada
(Belorussian Socialist Union, 1903-1918, split
into PSF, PSR and SDP); KPB
= Kommunisticheskaya Partiya
Belorussii/Kamunistychnaya Partyya
Byelarusi (Communist Party of
Byelorussia, communist,
state party, former
KPB-B, 13 Oct 1952-25 Aug
1991); KPB-B =
Kommunisticheskaya Partiya (Bolsheviki)
Belorussii/Kamunistychnaya Partyya
(Balshaviki) Byelarusi (Communist Party
[Bolsheviks] of Byelorussia,
communist, merged 4
Mar 1919 - 5 Sep 1920 into Communist
Party of Lithuania and
Byelorussia, state party, 31
Dec 1918 - 4 Mar 1919 and 5 Sep 1920 - 13 Oct
1952, renamed KPB); NSDAP
= Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei
(National Socialist German Workers' Party, Nazi
fascist, authoritarian, German nationalist,
1920-1945); PSF = Belorusskaya Partiya
Sotsyalistov-Federalistov/Byelaruskaya Partyya
Satsyyalistaw-Fyederalistaw (Belorussian Party of
Socialist-Federalists, split from BSG, 1918-1921);
PSR = Belorusskaya Partiya
Sotsialistov-Revolyutsionerov/Byelaruskaya Partyya
Satsyyalistaw-Revalyutsyyanyeraw (Belorussian
Party of Socialists-Revolutionaries,
split from BSG, 1918-1924); RKP
= Rossiyskaya
Kommunisticheskaya Partiya (Bol'shevikov)(Russian
Communist Party [Bolsheviks], Marxist-Leninist
communist,
state party, former
RSDRP-B, 8 Mar 1918 - 31
Dec 1925, renamed Vsesoyuznaya
Kommunisticheskaya Partiya
(Bol'shevikov)[All-Union
Communist Party (Bolsheviks)]);
RSDRP-B = Rossiyskaya
Sotsial-Demokraticheskaya Rabochaya Partiya (Bol'shevikov)(Russian
Social Democratic Workers' Party [Bolsheviks],
Russian revolutionary socialist, Marxist
communist, from 8 Nov 1917 state party, 1 Mar
1898-8 Mar 1918, renamed RKP);
SDP = Belorusskaya
Sotsial-Demokraticheskaya Partiya/Byelaruskaya
Satsyyal-Demakratychnaya Partyya (Belorussian
Social Democratic Party, split from BSG,
1918-1924)
Byelorussian Soviet Socialist
Republic
-
- 5 Jan 1919
- 3 Feb 1919;
- 27 Feb 1919 - 31 Jul 1920
"Litbel"
|
3
Feb 1919 - 27 Feb 1919
|
31 Jul 1920 -
11 Apr 1927
|
11 Apr 1927
- 5 Apr 1937
|
5 Apr 1937 -
27 Mar 1952
|
27 Mar 1952
- 25 Aug 1991
|
Capital: Minsk
|
Hear
SSR Anthem
"Dzyarzhawny Himn
Byelaruskay Savyetskay Satsyyalistychnay
Respubliki" ("Gosudarstvennyy Gimn
Belorusskoy Sovetskoy
Sotsialisticheskoy
Respubliki")
(State Anthem of
Byelorussian S.S.R.)
(24 Sep 1955-1991)
---------------------------------------------
Former Anthem
"Internatsyyanal"
(The Internationale)
(1919-1922, de facto
possibly)
|
Constitution
(13 Feb 1937-14 Apr 1978)
----------------------------------
Constitution
(14 Apr 1978)
------------------------------------------
Constitutions
(3 Feb 1919, 11 Apr 1927)
|
Population: 9,560,000 (1980)
1,541,000 (1923)
|
International
Organizations/Treaties (1945-1991):
ENMOD, ESCR, IAEA, ILO, Inmarsat, ITU, NTBT, OST, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNDP, UNEP, UNESCO, UNICEF, UNIDO,
UPU, WFP, WHO, WIPO, WMO
|
Byelorussian
oblasts
|
|
Note: Russian names
with Byelorussian
(Belarusian) in parentheses until 27 Jul 1990,
then Byelorussian (Belarusian) names with
Russian in parentheses using a modified
BGN/PCGN romanization system.
- 5 Jan
1919
Byelorussian Socialist Soviet Republic (Savetskaya
-
Satsyyalistychnaya Respublika
Belarus'/Sotsialisticheskaya
-
Sovetskaya Respublika
Belorussiya)(s.a.)
27 Feb 1919 - 1 Sep 1919 Merged into
Socialist Conciliar ("Soviet") Republic of
Lithuania and Belorussia
("Litbel"), under Russian pressure
-
(see under Lithuania).
1 Sep
1919
"Litbel" is dissolved in exile in Smolensk,
Russia.
- 31 Jul
1920
Byelorussian Socialist Soviet
Republic (restored)
- 16 Jan 1921
Union Treaty with the Russian S.F.S.R.
- 30 Dec
1922
Founding component of the Soviet Union (see
under Russia).
- 19 Feb 1937
Byelorussian Soviet
Socialist Republic (Belaruskaya Savetskaya
-
Satsyyalistychnaya Respublika/Belorusskaya
Sovetskaya
-
Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika).
- 28 Jun 1941 - 3 Jul 1944
Minsk (eventually all Belarus) occupied by
Germany, from 1 Sep
-
1941 the central part of Belarus is
part of Reichskommissariat
-
Ostland (see
under Latvia).
- 27 Jul
1990
State sovereignty declared.
19 Sep
1991
Republic of Belarus (Respublika
Belarus').
- 10 Dec
1991
Independence declared.
-
- Executive Secretaries of the Central
Committee of the Communist Party
- (Bolsheviks) of Byelorussia
- 10 May 1921 - 11 May 1922
Vilgelm Georgiyevich Knorin
(b. 1890 - d.
1939)
-
(Knorinsh) (1st time)
-
(Vilhelm Heorhiyevich Knoryn
[Knorynsh]
-
= Vilhelms Knoriņš)
- 11 May 1922 - 12 Feb 1924 Vatslav
Antonovich Bogutskiy (b.
1884 - d. 1937)
-
(Vatslaw Antonavich Bahutski
-
= Wacław Bogucki)
- 12 Feb 1924 -
29 Sep 1924 Aleksandr
Nikolayevich Asatkin- (b. 1885 - d.
1937)
-
Vladimirskiy
-
(Alyaksandr Mikalayevich Asatkin-
-
Uladzimerski)
-
(interim to 15 May 1924)
- 29 Sep 1924 - 12 Dec
1925 Aleksandr Ivanovich Krinitskiy
(b. 1894 - d. 1937)
-
(Alyaksandr Ivanavich Krynitski)
- First Secretaries of the Central
Committee of the Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
- of Byelorussia (from 13 Oct 1952,
Communist Party of Byelorussia)
- 12 Dec 1925 - 5 May
1927 Aleksandr Ivanovich
Krinitskiy (s.a.)
- 5 May 1927 - 1 Dec
1928 Vilgelm Georgiyevich Knorin
(s.a.)
-
(Knorinsh) (2nd time)
- 1 Dec
1928 - 5 Nov 1929 Yan Borisovich
Gamarnik
(b. 1894 - d. 1937)
-
(Yan Barysavich Hamarnik)
- 5 Nov 1929 - 8 Jan
1930 Ivan Antonovich
Vasilyevich
(b. 1894 - d. 1937)
-
(Ivan Antonavich Vasilyevich)
-
(acting)
- 8 Jan 1930 - 23 Jan
1932 Konstantin Venyaminovich
Gey (b. 1896
- d. 1939)
-
(Kanstantsin Vyenyyaminavich Hyey)
- 23 Jan 1932 - 18 Mar 1937 Nikolay
Fyodorovich
Gikalo
(b. 1897 - d. 1938)
-
(Mikalay Todaravich Hikala)
- 18 Mar 1937 - 29 Jul 1937 Vasiliy
Fomich Sharangovich
(b. 1897 -
d. 1938)
-
(Vasil' Famich Sharanhovich)
- 29 Jul 1937 - 11 Aug 1937 Yakov
Arkadyevich Yakovlev (acting)(b. 1896 - d. 1938)
-
(Yakaw Arkadzyevich Yakawlyew)
- 11 Aug 1937 - 19 Jun 1938 Aleksey
Alekseyevich
Volkov
(b. 1889 - d. 1942)
(Alyeksey Alyeksyeyevich Vawkow)
(acting)
19 Jun 1938 - 7 Mar 1947
Panteleymon Kondratyevich
(b. 1902 - d. 1984)
Ponomarenko
(Pantsyelyaymon
Kandratsyevich Panamarenka)
-
(in
Russian SFSR exile 28 Jun 1941 - 3 Jul 1944)
- 7 Mar 1947 - 3 Jun
1950 Nikolay Ivanovich
Gusarov
(b. 1905 - d. 1985)
(Mikalay Ivanavich
Husaraw)
- 3 Jun 1950 - 28 Jul
1956 Nikolay Semyonovich
Patolichev (b. 1908 - d.
1989)
-
(Mikalay Syamyonavich Patolichaw)
- 28 Jul 1956 - 30 Mar 1965 Kirill
Trofimovich Mazurov
(b.
1914 - d. 1989)
-
(Kiryl Trafimavich Mazuraw)
- 30 Mar 1965 - 4 Oct 1980 Pyotr
Mironovich Masherov
(b. 1918 - d. 1980)
-
(Pyotra Mironavich Masheraw)
- 4 Oct 1980 - 16 Oct
1980 Vladimir Ignatyevich
Brovikov (b. 1931
- d. 1992)
-
(Uladzimir Ihnatavich Brovikaw)
-
(1st time)
(acting)
- 16 Oct 1980 - 11 Jan 1983
Tikhon Yakovlevich
Kiselyov
(b. 1917 - d. 1983)
-
(Tsikhan
Yakawlyevich Kisyalyow)
- 11 Jan 1983 - 13 Jan 1983 Vladimir
Ignatyevich Brovikov
(s.a.)
(2nd time) (acting)
- 13 Jan 1983 - 6 Feb
1987 Nikolay Nikitovich Slyunkov
(b. 1929 -
d. 2022)
-
(Mikalay Mikitavich Slyunkow)
- 6 Feb 1987 - 30 Nov 1990 Yefrem
Yevseyevich Sokolov
(b.
1926 - d. 2022)
-
(Yafrem Jawsyeyevich
Sakalow)
- 30 Nov 1990 - 23 Aug 1991 Anatoliy
Aleksandrovich Malofeyev
(b. 1933 - d. 2022)
-
(Anatol
Alyaksandravich Malafyeyew)
-
- Chairman of the Military Revolutionary
Committee
- 31 Jul 1920 - 18 Dec 1920 Aleksandr
Grigoryevich Chervyakov (b. 1892 - d.
1937) KPB-B
-
(Alyaksandr
Ryhoravich Charvyakow)
- Chairmen of the Central Executive
Committee
- 18 Dec 1920 - 16 Jun 1937
Aleksandr Grigoryevich Chervyakov (s.a.)
KPB-B
- 16 Jun 1937 - 7 Jul
1937 .... (acting)
- 7 Jul 1937 - 14 Nov
1937 Mikhail Osipovich
Stakun
(b. 1893 - d. 1943) KPB-B
-
(Mikhail Vosipavich Stakun)
- 14 Nov 1937 - 27 Jul 1938 Nikifor
Yakovlyevich Natalyevich (b. 1900 -
d. 1964) KPB-B
-
(Nichypar
Yakawlyevich Natalyevich)
-
(acting)
- Chairmen of the Presidium of
the Supreme Soviet
- 27 Jul 1938 - 17 Mar 1948
Nikifor Yakovlyevich Natalyevich
(s.a.)
KPB-B
-
(in Russian SFSR exile 28 Jun 1941 - 3
Jul 1944)
- 17 Mar 1948 - 2 Dec
1967 Vasiliy Ivanovich
Kozlov
(b. 1903 - d. 1967) KPB-B;1952
-
(Vasil' Ivanavich Kazlow)
KPB
- 2 Dec 1967 - 22 Jan
1968 Fyodor Anisimovich Surganov
(b. 1911 -
d. 1976) KPB
-
(Fyodar Anisimavich Surhanaw)
-
(1st time)
-
+ Valentina Alekseyevna Klochkova
(b. 1924 - d.af.2010)KPB
-
(Valyantsina Alyaksyeyewna Klachkova)
-
(f)(1st time)
-
(acting)
- 22 Jan 1968 - 13 Jun 1971 Sergey
Osipovich Pritytskiy
(b. 1913 -
d. 1971) KPB
-
(Syarhyey Vosipavich Prytytski)
- 13 Jun 1971 - 16 Jul 1971 Fyodor
Anisimovich Surganov
(s.a.)
KPB
-
(2nd time)
-
+ Valentina Alekseyevna
Klochkova (s.a.)
KPB
-
(f) (2nd time)
-
+ Ivan Frolovich Klimov
(b. 1903 - d. 1991) KPB
-
(Ivan Frolavich Klimaw)
-
(acting)
- 16 Jul 1971 - 26 Dec 1976
Fyodor Anisimovich Surganov
(s.a.)
KPB
-
(3rd time)
- 27 Dec 1976 - 28 Feb 1977
Vladimir Yeliseyevich Lobanok
(b. 1907 - d.
1984) KPB
-
(Uladzimir Yelisyeyevich
Labanok)
-
+ Zinaida Mikhaylovna
(b. 1941)
KPB
-
Bychkovskaya (f)
-
(Zinaida Mikhaylawna
Bychkowskaya)
-
(acting)
- 28 Feb 1977 - 29 Nov 1985
Ivan Yevteyevich Polyakov
(b. 1914 - d. 2004) KPB
-
(Ivan Yawtsyeyevich Palyakow)
- 29 Nov 1985 - 28 Jul 1989 Georgiy
Stanislavovich Tarazevich (b. 1938 - d.
2003) KPB
-
(Heorhiy
Stanislavavich Tarazyevich)
- 28 Jul 1989 - 15 May 1990 Nikolay
Ivanovich Dementey
(b.
1930 - d. 2018) KPB
-
(Mikalay Ivanavich
Dzyemyantsyey)
- Chairmen of the Supreme Soviet
- 15 May 1990 - 25 Aug 1991
Nikolay Ivanovich Dementey
(s.a.)
KPB
- 25 Aug 1991 - 25 Dec 1991
Stanislav Stanislavovich
(b. 1934 - d. 2022) Non-party
-
Shushkevich
-
(Stanislaw
Stanislavavich Shushkyevich)
-
(acting to 19 Sep
1991; continues to 26 Jan 1994)
-
- Chairmen of the Council of People's
Commissars
- 18 Dec 1920 - 17 Mar
1924 Aleksandr Grigoryevich
Chervyakov
(s.a.)
KPB-B
-
(Alyaksandr Ryhoravich
Charvyakow)
- 17 Mar 1924 - 7
May 1927 Iosif Aleksandrovich Adamovich
(b. 1896 - d. 1937)
KPB-B
-
(Yazep
Alyaksandravich Adamovich)
- 7 May 1927 - 30 May
1937 Nikolay Matveyevich Goloded
(b. 1894 -
d. 1937) KPB-B
-
(Mikalay Matsvyeyevich Haladzyed)
- 30 May 1937 - 8 Sep 1937 Danila
Ivanovich Volkovich
(b. 1900 - d. 1937)
KPB-B
-
(Danila Ivanavich Valkovich)
- 8 Sep 1937 - 10
Sep 1937 .... (acting)
- 10 Sep 1937 - 28 Jul
1938 Afanasiy Fyodorovich Kovalyov
(b. 1903 - d.
1993) KPB-B
-
(Afanasiy Fyodaravich Kavalyow)
- 28 Jul 1938 - 28 Jun 1940
Kuz'ma Venediktovich
Kiselyov (b. 1903
- d. 1977) KPB-B
-
(Kuz'ma
Vyenyedyktavich Kisyalyow)
- 28 Jun 1940 - 7 Feb 1944 Ivan
Semyonovich Bylinskiy
(b.
1903 - d. 1976) KPB-B
-
(Ivan Syamyonavich Bylinski)
-
(in Russian SFSR exile 28 Jun 1941 - 7
Feb 1944)
- 7 Feb 1944 - 27
Mar 1946 Panteleymon Kondratyevich
(s.a.)
KPB-B
-
Ponomarenko
-
(Pantsyelyaymon
Kandratsyevich Panamarenka)
-
(in Russian SFSR exile to 3 Jul
1944)
- Chairmen of the Council of Ministers
- 27 Mar 1946 - 17 Mar 1948
Panteleymon Kondratyevich
(s.a.)
KPB-B
-
Ponomarenko
- 17 Mar 1948 - 25 Jun 1953
Aleksey Yefimovich Kleshchyov
(b. 1905 - d.
1968) KPB-B;1952
-
(Alyaksyey
Yawkhimavich Klyashchow)
KPB
- 25 Jun 1953 - 28 Jul 1956
Kirill Trofimovich Mazurov
(s.a.)
KPB
-
(Kiryl Trafimavich Mazuraw)
- 28 Jul 1956 - 9 Apr 1959 Nikolay
Yefremovich Avkhimovich (b. 1907 -
d. 1996) KPB
-
(Mikalay Yafremavich
Awkhimovich)
- 9 Apr 1959 - 11 Dec 1978 Tikhon
Yakovlevich
Kiselyov
(s.a.)
KPB
-
(Tsikhan Yakawlyevich
Kisyalyow)
- 11 Dec 1978 - 8 Jul 1983
Aleksandr Nikiforovich Aksyonov (b.
1924 - d. 2009) KPB
-
(Alyaksandr
Nichyparavich Aksyonaw)
- 8 Jul 1983 - 10 Jan 1986
Vladimir Ignatyevich Brovikov
(s.a.)
KPB
-
(Uladzimir Ihnatavich
Brovikaw)
- 10 Jan 1986 - 7 Apr 1990 Mikhail
Vasilyevich
Kovalyov (b.
1925 - d. 2007) KPB
-
(Mikhail
Vasilyevich Kavalyow)
- 7 Apr 1990 - 25 Dec
1991 Vyacheslav Frantsevich
Kebich (b. 1936 -
d. 2020) KPB;1991
-
(Vyachaslaw Frantsavich Kyebich)
Non-party
-
(continues to 22 Jul 1994)
-
Pro-Soviet
Resistance to German Occupation
Note: The Byelorussian
Partisan Units, subordinated to the Central
Staff of the Partisan
Units in Moscow, controlled almost 60%
of the territory by the end of 1943.
Chief of Staff of the Byelorussian
Partisan Units
9 Sep 1942 -
14 Nov 1944 Pyotr Zakharovich
Kalinin
(b. 1902 - d. 1966) Mil + KPB-B
(Pyotra Zakharavich Kalinin)
- Party
abbreviations: KPB
= Kommunisticheskaya Partiya
Belorussii/Kamunistychnaya Partyya
Byelarusi (Communist Party of
Byelorussia, communist,
state party, former
KPB-B, 13 Oct 1952-25 Aug
1991); KPB-B =
Kommunisticheskaya Partiya (Bolsheviki)
Belorussii/Kamunistychnaya Partyya
(Balshaviki) Byelarusi (Communist Party
[Bolsheviks] of Byelorussia,
communist, merged 4
Mar 1919 - 5 Sep 1920 into Communist
Party of Lithuania and Byelorussia,
state party, 31 Dec 1918 - 4 Mar 1919
and 5 Sep 1920 - 13 Oct 1952, renamed
KPB); Mil
= Military
- © Ben
Cahoon
|