United States Government

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United States Government

Contents: Vice Presidents - State Department - U.S. Information Agency - Department of Defense (DOD) - Chairmen of the Joint Chiefs of Staff - National Guard Bureau - Department of the Army - Corps of Engineers - Department of the Navy - Marine Corps - Department of the Air Force - Space Force - Regional Commands - National Security Agency (NSA) - Post Office Department - Department of the Treasury - Comptroller of Currency - Internal Revenue Service (IRS) - U.S. Mint - Department of Justice (DOJ) - Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) - Solicitor General - Drug Enforcement Admin. (DEA) - Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms & Explosives (ATF) - Federal Bureau of Prisons - U.S. Marshals Service - Department of the Interior (DOI) - Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) - Bureau of Land Management (BLM) - Bureau of Reclamation - Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) - U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) - National Park Service (NPS) - War Relocation Authority (WRA) - Department of Agriculture - Forest Service - Department of Commerce (DOC) - Commerce and Labor Dept. - Census Bureau - Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) - National Oceanic and Atmospheric Admin. (NOAA) - NOAA Commissioned Officers Corps - National Weather Service - National Recovery Admin. - Department of Labor (DOL) - Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUDD) - Department of Transportation (DOT) - Federal Aviation Admin. (FAA) - Maritime Admin. - Department of Energy (DOE) - Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) - Federal Energy Admin. (FEA) - Energy Research and Development Admin. (ERDA) - Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) - Surgeon General, Public Health Service (PHS) - Food and Drug Admin. (FDA) - National Institutes of Health - Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) - Department of Education - Department of Veterans Affairs - Department of Homeland Security (DHS) - Coast Guard (USCG) - Lighthouse Service - Customs Service - Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) - FEMA Predecessors - Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) - Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) - Border Patrol - Secret Service (USSS) - Transportation Security Admin. (TSA) -

U.S. Government Part 2: UN Representative - White House Chief of Staff - Director of National Intelligence (DNI) - National Security Advisor - Trade Representative (USTR) - American Battle Monuments Commission (ABMC) - Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) - Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) - Federal Reserve System - Federal Communications Commission (FCC) - Federal Deposit Insurance Corp (FDIC) - Federal Trade Commission (FTC) - General Services Admin. (GSA) - National Aeronautics and Space Admin. (NASA) - National Archives (NARA) - National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) - National Science Foundation (NSF) - Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) - Peace Corps - Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) - Social Security Admin. (SSA) - Smithsonian Institution - Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) - U.S. Supreme Court - U.S. Senate - House of Representatives - Library of Congress (LOC) - Government Accountability Office (GAO) - Democratic National Committee (DNC) - Republican National Committee (RNC) -

Former Governments: Confederate States of America (1861-1865) - Hawaii (1795-1900) - Texas Republic (1836-1846) - Vermont (1777-1791)

Vice Presidents

[1st flag of the Vice
President of the U.S. 1936-1948]

7 Feb 1936 - 10 Nov 1948

[2nd flag of the Vice
President of U.S. 1948-1975]

10 Nov 1948 - 7 Oct 1975

[flag of the Vice President
of the United States]

Adopted 7 Oct 1975

White House website

Vice Presidents¹
21 Apr 1789 - 4 Mar 1797 John Adams (b. 1735 - d. 1826) Fed 4 Mar 1797 - 4 Mar 1801 Thomas Jefferson (b. 1743 - d. 1826) D-R 4 Mar 1801 - 4 Mar 1805 Aaron Burr (b. 1756 - d. 1836) D-R 4 Mar 1805 - 20 Apr 1812 George Clinton (b. 1739 - d. 1812) D-R 20 Apr 1812 - 4 Mar 1813 Vacant 4 Mar 1813 - 23 Nov 1814 Elbridge Gerry (b. 1744 - d. 1814) D-R 4 Mar 1817 - 4 Mar 1825 Daniel D. Tompkins (b. 1744 - d. 1825) D-R 4 Mar 1825 - 28 Dec 1832 John Caldwell Calhoun (b. 1782 - d. 1850) Dem 28 Dec 1832 - 4 Mar 1833 Vacant 4 Mar 1833 - 4 Mar 1837 Martin van Buren (b. 1782 - d. 1862) Dem 4 Mar 1837 - 4 Mar 1841 Richard Mentor Johnson (b. 1780 - d. 1850) Dem 4 Mar 1841 - 4 Apr 1841 John Tyler (b. 1790 - d. 1862) Whg 4 Apr 1841 - 4 Mar 1845 Vacant 4 Mar 1845 - 4 Mar 1849 George Mifflin Dallas (b. 1792 - d. 1864) Dem 4 Mar 1849 - 9 Jul 1850 Millard Fillmore (b. 1800 - d. 1874) Whg 9 Jul 1850 - 4 Mar 1853 Vacant 4 Mar 1853 - 18 Apr 1853 William Rufus DeVane King (b. 1786 - d. 1853) Dem 18 Apr 1853 - 4 Mar 1857 Vacant 4 Mar 1857 - 4 Mar 1861 John Cabell Breckinridge (b. 1821 - d. 1875) Dem 4 Mar 1861 - 4 Mar 1865 Hannibal Hamlin (b. 1809 - d. 1891) Rep 4 Mar 1865 - 15 Apr 1865 Andrew Johnson (b. 1808 - d. 1875) Dem 15 Apr 1865 - 4 Mar 1869 Vacant 4 Mar 1869 - 4 Mar 1873 Schuyler Colfax (b. 1823 - d. 1885) Rep 4 Mar 1873 - 22 Nov 1875 Henry Wilson (b. 1812 - d. 1875) Rep 22 Nov 1875 - 4 Mar 1877 Vacant 4 Mar 1877 - 4 Mar 1881 William Almon Wheeler (b. 1819 - d. 1887) Rep 4 Mar 1881 - 19 Sep 1881 Chester Allen Arthur (b. 1829 - d. 1886) Rep 19 Sep 1881 - 4 Mar 1885 Vacant 4 Mar 1885 - 25 Nov 1885 Thomas Andrews Hendricks (b. 1819 - d. 1885) Dem 25 Nov 1885 - 4 Mar 1889 Vacant 4 Mar 1889 - 4 Mar 1893 Levi Parsons Morton (b. 1824 - d. 1920) Rep 4 Mar 1893 - 4 Mar 1897 Adlai Ewing Stevenson (b. 1835 - d. 1914) Dem 4 Mar 1897 - 21 Nov 1899 Garret Augustus Hobart (b. 1844 - d. 1899) Rep 21 Nov 1899 - 4 Mar 1901 Vacant 4 Mar 1901 - 14 Sep 1901 Theodore Roosevelt (b. 1858 - d. 1919) Rep 14 Sep 1901 - 4 Mar 1905 Vacant 4 Mar 1905 - 4 Mar 1909 Charles Warren Fairbanks (b. 1852 - d. 1918) Rep 4 Mar 1909 - 30 Oct 1912 James Schoolcraft Sherman (b. 1855 - d. 1912) Rep 30 Oct 1912 - 4 Mar 1913 Vacant 4 Mar 1913 - 4 Mar 1921 Thomas Riley Marshall (b. 1854 - d. 1925) Dem 4 Mar 1921 - 2 Aug 1923 Calvin Coolidge (b. 1872 - d. 1933) Rep 2 Aug 1923 - 4 Mar 1925 Vacant 4 Mar 1925 - 4 Mar 1929 Charles Gates Dawes (b. 1865 - d. 1951) Rep 4 Mar 1929 - 4 Mar 1933 Charles Curtis (b. 1860 - d. 1936) Rep 4 Mar 1933 - 20 Jan 1941 John Nance Garner (b. 1868 - d. 1967) Dem 20 Jan 1941 - 20 Jan 1945 Henry Agard Wallace (b. 1888 - d. 1965) Dem 20 Jan 1945 - 12 Apr 1945 Harry S. Truman (b. 1884 - d. 1972) Dem 12 Apr 1945 - 20 Jan 1949 Vacant 20 Jan 1949 - 20 Jan 1953 Alben William Barkley (b. 1877 - d. 1956) Dem 20 Jan 1953 - 20 Jan 1961 Richard Milhous Nixon (b. 1913 - d. 1994) Rep 20 Jan 1961 - 22 Nov 1963 Lyndon Baines Johnson (b. 1908 - d. 1973) Dem 22 Nov 1963 - 20 Jan 1965 Vacant 20 Jan 1965 - 20 Jan 1969 Hubert Horatio Humphrey, Jr. (b. 1911 - d. 1978) Dem 20 Jan 1969 - 10 Oct 1973 Spiro Theodore Agnew (b. 1918 - d. 1996) Rep 10 Oct 1973 - 6 Dec 1973 Vacant 6 Dec 1973 - 9 Aug 1974 Gerald Rudolph Ford (b. 1913 - d. 2006) Rep 9 Aug 1974 - 19 Dec 1974 Vacant 19 Dec 1974 - 20 Jan 1977 Nelson Aldrich Rockefeller (b. 1908 - d. 1979) Rep 20 Jan 1977 - 20 Jan 1981 Walter Frederick "Fritz" Mondale (b. 1928 - d. 2021) Dem 20 Jan 1981 - 20 Jan 1989 George Herbert Walker Bush (b. 1924 - d. 2018) Rep 20 Jan 1989 - 20 Jan 1993 James Danforth "Dan" Quayle (b. 1947) Rep 20 Jan 1993 - 20 Jan 2001 Albert "Al" Gore, Jr. (b. 1948) Dem 20 Jan 2001 - 20 Jan 2009 Richard "Dick" Bruce Cheney (b. 1941) Rep 20 Jan 2009 - 20 Jan 2017 Joseph "Joe" Robinette Biden, Jr. (b. 1942) Dem 20 Jan 2017 -20 Jan 2021 Michael "Mike" Richard Pence (b. 1959) Rep 20 Jan 2021 - Kamala Devi Harris (f) (b. 1964) Dem

¹The Vice Presidents formally serve as presidents of the Senate, but rarelypresides over routine day-to-day debate. Until 1890, the Senate elected a PresidentPro Tempore whenever the Vice President was not in attendance. When the Vice President returned, the President "Pro Tem" lost his place, and when the Vice President wasagain absent, the Senate again elected aPresident Pro Tempore. By the standing orderagreed to on 12 Mar 1890, the Senate declared that the PresidentPro Tempore shall hold office during "the pleasure of the Senate and until another is elected, and shall executethe duties thereof during all future absences of the Vice President until the Senatedoes otherwise order."

Party abbreviations: Dem= Democratic Party (liberal, center-left, former D-R, est.1829);Rep= Republican Party (conservative, center-right, est.1854); - Former parties:D-R = Democratic-Republican Party (pro-states rights, anti-Federalist, 1794-1829, renamed Dem);Fed= Federalist Party (conservative, federalist, 1792-1824);Whg = Whig Party (economic nationalist, protectionist,anti-Jacksonian, 1833-1860)

Department of State

[Secretary of State flag
1920-1933 (U.S.)]

Flag of Secretary of State
28 Nov 1920 - 21 Jan 1933

[Department of State
flag (U.S.)]
Adopted 21 Jan 1933

Department of State

29 Nov 1775 Committee of Secret Correspondence of the Continental Congress. 17 Apr 1777 Committee for Foreign Affairs of the Continental Congress. 10 Jul 1781 Department of Foreign Affairs 15 Sep 1789 Department of State

Secretariesof Foreign Affairs 20 Oct 1781 - 4 Jun 1783 Robert R. Livingston         (b. 1746 - d. 1813) 7 May 1784 - 15 Sep 1789 John Jay(acting from 4 Mar 1789) (b. 1745 - d. 1829)Secretaries of State15 Sep 1789 - 22 Mar 1790 John Jay (acting)                (s.a.) 22 Mar 1790 - 31 Dec 1793 Thomas Jefferson             (b. 1743 - d. 1826) 2 Jan 1794 - 20 Aug 1795 Edmund Randolph            (b. 1753 - d. 1813) 20 Aug 1795 - 12 May 1800 Timothy Pickering          (b. 1745 - d. 1829)                              (acting to 9 Dec 1795) 13 May 1800 - 5 Jun 1800 Charles Lee (acting)       (b. 1758 - d. 1815) 6 Jun 1800 - 4 Mar 1801 John Marshall              (b. 1755 - d. 1835)                              (acting from 4 Feb 1801) 5 Mar 1801 - 1 May 1801 Levi Lincoln (acting)    (b. 1749 - d. 1820) 2 May 1801 - 3 Mar 1809 James Madison                (b. 1751 - d. 1836) 6 Mar 1809 - 1 Apr 1811 Robert Smith             (b. 1757 - d. 1842) 2Apr 1811 - 3 Mar 1817 James Monroe             (b. 1758 - d. 1831)                              (acting 1 Oct 1814 - 28 Feb 1815) 4 Mar 1817 - 9 Mar 1817 John Graham (acting) (b. 1774 - d. 1820) 10 Mar 1817 - 22 Sep 1817 Richard Rush (acting)        (b. 1780 - d. 1859) 22 Sep 1817 - 3 Mar 1825 John Quincy Adams          (b. 1767 - d. 1848) 4 Mar 1825 - 7 Mar 1825 Daniel Brent (acting)    (b. 1770 - d. 1841) 7 Mar 1825 - 3 Mar 1829 Henry Clay                 (b. 1777 - d. 1852) 4 Mar 1829 - 27 Mar 1829 James A. Hamilton (acting)    (b. 1788 - d. 1878) 28 Mar 1829 - 23 May 1831 Martin Van Buren             (b. 1782 - d. 1862) 24 May 1831 - 29 May 1833 Edward Livingstone           (b. 1764 - d. 1836) 29 May 1833 - 30 Jun 1834 Louis McLane               (b. 1786 - d. 1857) 1 Jul 1834 - 3 Mar 1841 John Forsyth                 (b. 1780 - d. 1841) 4 Mar 1841 - 5 Mar 1841 Jacob L. Martin (acting)   (b. 1800 - d. 1848) 6 Mar 1841 - 8 May 1843 Daniel Webster (1st time)    (b. 1782 - d. 1852) 9 May 1843 - 20 Jun 1843 Hugh Swinton Legaré (acting)       (b. 1797 - d. 1843) 21 Jun 1843 - 23 Jun 1843 William S. Derrick (acting)    (b. 1802 - d. 1852) 24 Jun 1843 - 28 Feb 1844 Abel Parker Upshur         (b. 1790 - d. 1844)                              (acting to 23 Jul 1843) 29 Feb 1844 - 31 Mar 1844 John Nelson (acting)         (b. 1794 - d. 1860) 1 Apr 1844 - 10 Mar 1845 John Caldwell Calhoun    (b. 1782 - d. 1850) 10 Mar 1845 - 7 Mar 1849 James Buchanan           (b. 1791 - d. 1868) 7 Mar 1849 - 22 Jul 1850 John Middleton Clayton     (b. 1796 - d. 1856) 23 Jul 1850 - 24 Oct 1852 Daniel Webster (2nd time) (s.a.) 25 Oct 1852 - 5 Nov 1852 Charles M. Conrad (acting) (b. 1804 - d. 1878) 6 Nov 1852 - 3 Mar 1853 Edward Everett             (b. 1794 - d. 1865) 4 Mar 1853 - 7 Mar 1853 William Hunter (1st time)(acting) (b. 1805 - d. 1886)
8 Mar 1853 - 6 Mar 1857 William Learned Marcy        (b. 1786 - d. 1857) 6 Mar 1857 - 14 Dec 1860 Lewis Cass                 (b. 1782 - d. 1866) 15 Dec 1860 - 16 Dec 1860 William Hunter(2nd time)(acting) (s.a.)
17 Dec 1860 - 5 Mar 1861 Jeremiah Sullivan Black (b. 1810 - d. 1883) 6Mar 1861 - 4 Mar 1869 William Henry Seward         (b. 1801 - d. 1872) 5 Mar 1869 - 16 Mar 1869 Elihu Benjamin Washburne (b. 1816 - d. 1887) 17 Mar 1869 - 12 Mar 1877 Hamilton Fish            (b. 1808 - d. 1893) 12 Mar 1877 - 7 Mar 1881 William Maxwell Evarts   (b. 1818 - d. 1901) 7 Mar 1881 - 19 Dec 1881 James Gillespie Blaine (1st time) (b. 1830 - d. 1893) 19 Dec 1881 - 6 Mar 1885 Frederick Theodore Frelinghuysen (b. 1817 - d. 1885) 7Mar 1885 - 6 Mar 1889 Thomas Francis Bayard    (b. 1828 - d. 1898) 7 Mar 1889 - 4 Jun 1892 James Gillespie Blaine(2nd time) (s.a.) 4 Jun 1892 - 29 Jun 1892 William F. Wharton(1st time)      (b. 1847 - d. 1919)                              (acting) 29 Jun 1892 - 23 Feb 1893 John Watson Foster       (b. 1836 - d. 1917) 24 Feb 1893 - 6 Mar 1893 William F. Warton (2nd time)       (s.a.)                              (acting) 7 Mar 1893 - 28 May 1895 Walter Quintin Gresham       (b. 1832 - d. 1895) 28 May 1895 - 31 May 1895 Edwin F. Uhl (1st time)(acting)    (b. 1841 - d. 1901) 31 May 1895 - 1 Jun 1895 Alvey A. Adee (1st time)(acting)   (b. 1842 - d. 1924)    1 Jun 1895 - 9 Jun 1895 Edwin F. Uhl (2nd time)(acting)    (s.a.) 10 Jun 1895 - 5 Mar 1897 Richard Olney            (b. 1835 - d. 1917) 6 Mar 1897 - 27 Apr 1898 John Sherman                 (b. 1823 - d. 1900) 28 Apr 1898 - 16 Sep 1898 William Rufus Day        (b. 1849 - d. 1923) 17 Sep 1898 - 29 Sep 1898 Alvey A. Adee (2nd time)(acting)   (s.a.) 30 Sep 1898 - 1 Jul 1905 John Milton Hay          (b. 1838 - d. 1905) 1 Jul 1905 - 18 Jul 1905 Francis B. Loomis (acting) (b. 1861 - d. 1948) 19 Jul 1905 - 27 Jan 1909 Elihu Root                 (b. 1845 - d. 1937) 27 Jan 1909 - 5 Mar 1909 Robert Bacon                 (b. 1860 - d. 1919) 6 Mar 1909 - 5 Mar 1913 Philander Chase Knox       (b. 1853 - d. 1921) 5 Mar 1913 - 9 Jun 1915 William Jennings Bryan       (b. 1860 - d. 1925) 9 Jun 1915 - 13 Feb 1920 Robert Lansing             (b. 1864 - d. 1928)                              (acting to 23 Jun 1915) 14 Feb 1920 - 14 Mar 1920 Frank Lyon Polk (acting)    (b. 1871 - d. 1943) 23 Mar 1920 - 4 Mar 1921 Bainbridge Colby             (b. 1869 - d. 1950) 5 Mar 1921 - 4 Mar 1925 Charles Evans Hughes             (b. 1862 - d. 1948) 5 Mar 1925 - 28 Mar 1929 Frank Billings Kellogg   (b. 1856 - d. 1937) 28 Mar 1929 - 4 Mar 1933 Henry Lewis Stimson      (b. 1867 - d. 1950) 4 Mar 1933 - 30 Nov 1944 Cordell Hull             (b. 1871 - d. 1955) 1 Dec 1944 - 27 Jun 1945 Edward Reilly Stettinius    (b. 1900 - d. 1949) 28 Jun 1945 - 3 Jul 1945 Joseph C. Grew (acting)      (b. 1880 - d. 1965) 3 Jul 1945 - 21 Jan 1947 James Francis Byrnes      (b. 1879 - d. 1972) 21 Jan 1947 - 20 Jan 1949 George Catlett Marshall      (b. 1880 - d. 1959) 20 Jan 1949 - 21 Jan 1949 Robert Lovett (acting)             (b. 1895 - d. 1986) 21 Jan 1949 - 20 Jan 1953 Dean Gooderham Acheson   (b. 1893 - d. 1971) 20 Jan 1953 - 21 Jan 1953 H. Freeman Matthews (acting) (b. 1899 - d. 1986) 21 Jan 1953 - 22 Apr 1959 John Foster Dulles         (b. 1888 - d. 1959) 22 Apr 1959 - 20 Jan 1961 Christian Archibald Herter (b. 1895 - d. 1966) 20 Jan 1961 - 21 Jan 1961 Livingston T. Merchant (acting)    (b. 1903 - d. 1976) 21 Jan 1961 - 20 Jan 1969 Dean Rusk                    (b. 1909 - d. 1994) 20 Jan 1969 - 22 Jan 1969 Charles E. Bohlen (acting) (b. 1904 - d. 1974) 22 Jan 1969 - 4 Sep 1973 William Pierce Rogers        (b. 1913 - d. 2001) 4 Sep 1973 - 21 Sep 1973 Kenneth Rush (acting)        (b. 1910 - d. 1994) 21 Sep 1973 - 20 Jan 1977 Henry Alfred Kissinger       (b. 1923 - d. 2023) 20 Jan 1977 - 23 Jan 1977 Philip C. Habib (acting)   (b. 1920 - d. 1992) 23 Jan 1977 - 28 Apr 1980 Cyrus Roberts Vance      (b. 1917 - d. 2002) 28 Apr 1980 - 2 May 1980 Warren M. Christopher(1st time)   (b. 1925 - d. 2011)                            (acting) 2 May 1980 - 3 May 1980 David D. Newsom(1st time)(acting) (b. 1918 - d. 2008) 3 May 1980                Richard N. Cooper (acting) (b. 1934 - d. 2020) 3 May 1980 - 4 May 1980 David D. Newsom(2nd time)(acting) (s.a.) 4 May 1980 - 8 May 1980 Warren M. Christopher (2nd time)   (s.a.)                              (acting) 8 May 1980 - 18 Jan 1981 Edmund Sixtus Muskie     (b. 1914 - d. 1996) 18 Jan 1981 - 22 Jan 1981 David D. Newsom(3rd time)(acting) (s.a.) 22 Jan 1981 - 5 Jul 1982 Alexander Meigs Haig, Jr. (b. 1924 - d. 2010) 5 Jul 1982 - 16 Jul 1982 Walter J. Stoessel, Jr. (acting) (b. 1920 - d. 1986) 16 Jul 1982 - 20 Jan 1989 George P. Shultz         (b. 1920 - d. 2021) 20 Jan 1989 - 25 Jan 1989 Michael H. Armacost (acting) (b. 1937) 25 Jan 1989 - 23 Aug 1992 James Addison Baker III    (b. 1930) 23 Aug 1992 - 19 Jan 1993 Lawrence S. Eagleburger    (b. 1930 - d. 2011)                              (acting to 8 Dec 1992) 20 Jan 1993                Arnold L. Kanter (acting)    (b. 1945 - d. 2010) 20 Jan 1993                Frank G. Wisner II (acting)      (b. 1938) 20 Jan 1993 - 7 Jan 1997 Warren M. Christopher (3rd time)   (s.a.) 7 Jan 1997 - 23 Jan 1997 Strobe Talbott (acting)      (b. 1946) 23 Jan 1997 - 20 Jan 2001 Madeleine Korbel Albright (f) (b. 1937 - d. 2022) 20 Jan 2001 - 26 Jan 2005 Colin Luther Powell        (b. 1937 - d. 2021) 26 Jan 2005 - 20 Jan 2009 Condoleezza "Condi" Rice (f) (b. 1954) 20 Jan 2009 - 21 Jan 2009 William J. Burns (acting)    (b. 1956) 21 Jan 2009 -  1 Feb 2013 Hillary Rodham Clinton (f) (b. 1947) 1 Feb 2013 - 20 Jan 2017 John F. Kerry                   (b. 1943) 20 Jan 2017 - 1 Feb 2017 Thomas "Tom" Shannon, Jr. (acting) (b. 1958) 1 Feb 2017 - 31 Mar 2018 Rex W. Tillerson               (b. 1952) 1 Apr 2018 -26 Apr 2018 John J. Sullivan (acting)          (b. 1959) 26 Apr 2018 - 20 Jan 2021 Michael "Mike" R. Pompeo           (b. 1963) 20 Jan 2021 - 26 Jan 2021 Daniel Bennett Smith (acting)      (b. 1956) 26 Jan 2021 -              Antony "Tony" J. Blinken       (b. 1962)

U.S. Information Agency (USIA)

1 Aug 1953 U.S. Information Agency (USIA)(known overseas as U.S. Information Service [USIS]) establishedas an independent agency (from the International Information Administration branch of the Department of State). 1 Apr 1978 - 24 Aug 1982 Renamed International Communication Agency (ICA). 1 Oct 1999 Information and exchange functions incorporated into the U.S. Department of State under the Under Secretary of State for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs (broadcasting functions are consolidated as an independent entity under the Broadcasting Board of Governors).

Directors 1 Aug 1953 - 5 Aug 1953 Arthur Alden Kimball (acting) (b. 1908 - d. 1996) 5 Aug 1953 - 15 Nov 1956 Theodore Cuyler Streibert (b. 1899 - d. 1987) 16 Nov 1956 - 18 Dec 1956 Abbott M. Washburn (1st time) (b. 1915 - d. 2003) (acting) 18 Dec 1956 - 27 Oct 1957 Arthur Larson (b. 1910 - d. 1993) 27 Oct 1957 - 15 Nov 1957 Abbott M. Washburn (2nd time) (s.a.) (acting) 15 Nov 1957 - 1 Dec 1960 George Venable Allen (b. 1903 - d. 1970) 2 Dec 1960 - 15 Mar 1961 Abbott M. Washburn (3rd time) (s.a.) (acting) 15 Mar 1961 - 20 Jan 1964 Edward R. Murrow (b. 1908 - d. 1965)20 Jan 1964 - 28 Feb 1964 Donald M. Wilson (1st time)(acting)(b. 1925 - d. 2011) 28 Feb 1964 - 10 Jul 1965 Carl Thomas Rowan (b. 1925 - d. 2000)10 Jul 1965 - 1 Aug 1965 Donald M. Wilson (2nd time)(acting)(s.a.) 1 Aug 1965 - 2 Sep 1965 Abbott M. Washburn (4th time) (s.a.) (acting) 2 Sep 1965 - 6 Dec 1968 Leonard Harold Marks (b. 1916 - d. 2006) 7 Dec 1968 - 14 Feb 1969 Henry Loomis (acting) (b. 1919 - d. 2008) 14 Feb 1969 - 7 Feb 1973 Frank Joseph Shakespeare, Jr. (b. 1925 - d. 2022) 8 Feb 1973 - 30 Nov 1976 James Keogh (b. 1916 - d. 2006) 1 Dec 1976 - 23 Mar 1977 Eugene P. Kopp (1st time)(acting) (b. 1934 - d. 2019) 23 Mar 1977 - 29 Aug 1980 John Edward Reinhardt (b. 1920 - d. 2016) 1 Sep 1980 - 9 Jun 1981 John William Shirley (acting) (b. 1931) 9 Jun 1981 - 20 Jan 1989 Charles Z. Wick (b. 1917 - d. 2008)20 Jan 1989 - 14 Apr 1989 Marvin L. Stone (acting) (b. 1924 - d. 2000) 14 Apr 1989 - 20 Mar 1991 Bruce Stuart Gelb (b. 1927)21 Mar 1991 - 7 Jun 1991 Eugene P. Kopp (2nd time)(acting) (s.a.) 7 Jun 1991 - 19 Jan 1993 Henry Edward Catto, Jr. (b. 1930 - d. 2011)20 Jan 1993 - 25 May 1993 John Condayan (acting) (b. 1933 - d. 2017) 25 May 1993 - 30 Jun 1999 Joseph Daniel Duffey (b. 1932 - d. 2021) 1 Jul 1999 - 1 Oct 1999 Penn Kemble (acting) (b. 1941 - d. 2005)

Defense Department

[Flag of the
Secretary of Defense (U.S.)]
Flag of Secretary Adopted 7 Oct 1947

Department of Defense

18 Sep 1947 Department of Defense (originally designated National Military Establishment), including the Departments of the Army, Navy, and Air Force. Secretaries of Defense 17 Sep 1947 - 28 Mar 1949 James V. Forrestal (b. 1892 - d. 1949) 28 Mar 1949 - 20 Sep 1950 Louis A. Johnson (b. 1891 - d. 1956) 21 Sep 1950 - 12 Sep 1951 George C. Marshall (b. 1880 - d. 1959) 12 Sep 1951 - 20 Jan 1953 Robert A. Lovett (b. 1895 - d. 1986) (acting to 16 Sep 1951) 20 Jan 1953 - 28 Jan 1953 Wilfred J. McNeil(acting) (b. 1901 - d. 1979)28 Jan 1953 - 8 Oct 1957 Charles E. Wilson (b. 1890 - d. 1961) 9 Oct 1957 - 1 Dec 1959 Neil H. McElroy (b. 1904 - d. 1972) 2 Dec 1959 - 20 Jan 1961 Thomas S. Gates, Jr. (b. 1906 - d. 1983)21 Jan 1961 - 29 Feb 1968 Robert S. McNamara (b. 1916 - d. 2009) 1 Mar 1968 - 20 Jan 1969 Clark M. Clifford (b. 1906 - d. 1998)20 Jan 1969 - 22 Jan 1969 Stanley R. Resor (acting) (b. 1917 - d. 2012) 22 Jan 1969 - 29 Jan 1973 Melvin R. Laird (b. 1922 - d. 2016) 30 Jan1973 - 24 May 1973 Elliot L. Richardson (b. 1920 - d. 1999) 24 May 1973 - 2 Jul 1973 William P. Clements, Jr.(acting) (b. 1917 - d. 2011) 2 Jul 1973 - 19 Nov 1975 James R. Schlesinger (b. 1929 - d. 2014) 20 Nov 1975 - 20 Jan 1977 Donald H. Rumsfeld (1st time) (b. 1932 - d. 2021) 21 Jan 1977 - 20 Jan 1981 Harold Brown (b. 1927 - d. 2019) 21 Jan 1981 - 23 Nov 1987 Caspar W. Weinberger (b. 1917 - d. 2006) 23 Nov 1987 - 20 Jan 1989 Frank C. Carlucci III (b. 1930 - d. 2018) 20 Jan 1989 - 21 Mar 1989 William H. Taft IV (acting) (b. 1945) 21 Mar 1989 - 20 Jan 1993 Richard B. Cheney (b. 1941) 21 Jan 1993 - 3 Feb 1994 Leslie "Les" Aspin (b. 1938 - d. 1995) 3 Feb 1994 - 23 Jan 1997 William J. Perry (b. 1927) 24 Jan 1997 - 20 Jan 2001 William S. Cohen (b. 1940) 20 Jan 2001 - 18 Dec 2006 Donald H. Rumsfeld (2nd time) (s.a.) 18 Dec 2006 - 30 Jun 2011 Robert M. Gates (b. 1943) 1 Jul 2011 - 26 Feb 2013 Leon E. Panetta (b. 1938) 27 Feb 2013 - 17 Feb 2015 Charles "Chuck" T. Hagel (b. 1946)17 Feb 2015 - 19 Jan 2017 Ashton "Ash" B. Carter (b. 1954 - d. 2022) 19 Jan 2017 - 20 Jan 2017 Robert O. Work (acting) (b. 1953) 20 Jan 2017 - 31 Dec 2018 James "Jim" N. Mattis (b. 1950) 1 Jan 2019 -24 Jun 2019 Patrick M. Shanahan (acting) (b. 1962) 24 Jun 2019 - 15 Jul 2019 Mark T. Esper (1st time)(acting) (b. 1964) 15 Jul 2019 -23 Jul 2019 Richard V. Spencer (acting) (b. 1954) 23 Jul 2019 - 9 Nov 2020 Mark T. Esper (2nd time) (s.a.) 9 Nov 2020 - 20 Jan 2021 Christopher C. Miller (acting) (b. 1965) 20 Jan 2021 -22 Jan 2021 David L. Norquist (acting) (b. 1966) 22 Jan 2021 - Lloyd J. Austin III (b. 1953) 1 Jan 2024 - 5 Jan 2024 Kathleen H. Hicks (f)(1st time) (b. 1970) (acting for Austin) 11 Feb 2024 - 13 Feb 2024 Kathleen H. Hicks (f)(2nd time) (s.a.) (acting for Austin)

Joint Chiefs

[flag of Chairman of the
Joint Chiefs of Staff, Defense Department
(U.S.)]
Flag of Chairman Adopted 1949

Joint Chiefs of Staff

16 Aug 1949 Office of Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff created.

Chief of Staff to the Commander-in-Chief 20 Jul 1942 - 21 Mar 1949 William Daniel Leahy (Navy) (b. 1875 - d. 1955) Chairmen of the Joint Chiefs of Staff 16 Aug 1949 - 15 Aug 1953 Omar Nelson Bradley (Army) (b. 1893 - d. 1981) 15 Aug 1953 - 15 Aug 1957 Arthur William Radford (Navy) (b. 1896 - d. 1973) 15 Aug 1957 - 30 Sep 1960 Nathan Farragut Twining (Air Force)(b. 1897 - d. 1982) 1 Oct 1960 - 30 Sep 1962 Lyman Louis Lemnitzer (Army) (b. 1899 - d. 1988) 1 Oct 1962 - 1 Jul 1964 Maxwell Davenport Taylor (Army) (b. 1901 - d. 1987) 3 Jul 1964 - 2 Jul 1970 Earle Gilmore Wheeler (Army) (d. 1908 - d. 1975) 2 Jul 1970 - 1 Jul 1974 Thomas Hinman Moorer (Navy) (b. 1912 - d. 2004) 1 Jul 1974 - 20 Jun 1978 George Schratchley Brown (b. 1918 - d. 1978) (Air Force) 21 Jun 1978 - 18 Jun 1982 David Charles Jones (Air Force) (b. 1921 - d. 2013) 18 Jun 1983 - 30 Sep 1985 John William Vessey, Jr. (Army) (b. 1922 - d. 2016) 1 Oct 1985 - 30 Sep 1989 William James Crowe, Jr. (Navy) (b. 1925 - d. 2007) 1 Oct 1989 - 30 Sep 1993 Colin Luther Powell (Army) (b. 1937 - d. 2021) 1 Oct 1993 - 24 Oct 1993 David E. Jeremiah (Navy) (acting) (b. 1934 - d. 2013) 25 Oct 1993 - 30 Sep 1997 John M. Shalikashvili(Army) (b. 1936 - d. 2011) 1 Oct 1997 - 30 Sep 2001 Henry H. Shelton (Army) (b. 1942) 1 Oct 2001 - 30 Sep 2005 Richard "Dick" B. Myers (Air Force)(b. 1942) 1 Oct 2005 - 30 Sep 2007 Peter Pace (Marine Corps) (b. 1945) 1 Oct 2007 - 30 Sep 2011 Michael "Mike" Mullen (Navy) (b. 1946) 1 Oct 2011 - 30 Sep 2015 Martin "Marty" E. Dempsey (Army) (b. 1952) 1 Oct 2015 - 30 Sep 2019 Joseph F. Dunford, Jr. (b. 1955) (Marine Corps) 1 Oct 2019 - 30 Sep 2023 Mark A. Milley (Army) (b. 1958) 1 Oct 2023 - Charles Q. Brown, Jr. (Air Force) (b. 1962)

National Guard Bureau

NGB Former Flag

NGB Flag

[Positional
Color, Office of the Chief, National Guard Bureau
1998-2008]

Chief's Flag 1998 - 2008

Chief's Flag Adopted 2008

National Guard Bureau

21 Jan 1903 Section of Militia Affairs within the Adjutant General's office. 12 Feb 1908 Division of Militia Affairs within the War Department. 3 Jun 1916 Renamed Militia Bureau of the War Department. 15 Jun 1933 National Guard Bureau (NGB). 1 Oct 1948 Made a Bureau of the Department of the Army and an agency of the Department of the Air Force. 10 Jul 1959 Made a joint Bureau of the Departments of the Army and Air Force.

Head of the Section of Militia Affairs 21 Jan 1903 - 13 Feb 1908 James Parker (b. 1854 - d. 1934) Chiefs of the Division of Militia Affairs 14 Feb 1908 - 14 Mar 1911 Erasmus Morgan Weaver, Jr. (b. 1854 - d. 1920) 15 Mar 1911 - 31 Aug 1912 Robert Kennon Evans (b. 1852 - d. 1926) 1 Sep 1912 - 18 Sep 1916 Albert Leopold Mills (b. 1854 - d. 1916) Chiefs of the Militia Bureau 26 Oct 1916 - 26 Nov 1917 William Abram Mann (b. 1854 - d. 1934) 26 Nov 1917 - 15 Aug 1918 Jesse McIlvaine Carter (b. 1863 - d. 1930) 29 Jun 1921 - 28 Jun 1925 George C. Rickards (b. 1860 - d. 1933) 29 Jun 1925 - 28 Jun 1929 Creed Cheshire Hammond (b. 1874 - d. 1940) 29 Jun 1929 - 30 Sep 1929 Ernest R. Redmond (acting) (b. 1883 - d. 1966) 1 Oct 1929 - 30 Nov 1931 William G. Everson (b. 1879 - d. 1954) 1 Dec 1931 - 15 Jun 1933 George E. Leach (b. 1876 - d. 1955) Chiefs of the National Guard Bureau 15 Jun 1933 - 30 Nov 1935 George E. Leach (s.a.) 1 Dec 1935 - 16 Jan 1936 Harold J. Weiler (acting) (b. 1886 - d. 1945) 17 Jan 1936 - 30 Jan 1936 John F. Williams (1st time)(acting)(b. 1887 - d. 1953) 31 Jan 1936 - 30 Jan 1940 Albert Hazen Blanding (b. 1876 - d. 1970) 31 Jan 1940 - 31 Jan 1946 John F. Williams (2nd time) (s.a.) (acting from 31 Jan 1944) 1 Feb 1946 - 29 Sep 1947 Butler B. Miltonberger (b. 1896 - d. 1977) 30 Sep 1947 - 4 Sep 1950 Kenneth F. Cramer (b. 1894 - d. 1954) 5 Sep 1950 - 15 Feb 1953 Raymond H. Fleming (b. 1889 - d. 1974) (acting to 13 Aug 1951) 16 Feb 1953 - 21 Jun 1953 Earl T. Ricks (acting) (b. 1908 - d. 1954) 22 Jun 1953 - 31 May 1959 Edgar C. Erickson (b. 1896 - d. 1989) 1 Jun 1959 - 19 Jul 1959 Winston P. Wilson (1st time) (b. 1911 - d. 1996) (acting) 20 Jul 1959 - 30 Aug 1963 Donald Wilson McGowan (b. 1898 - d. 1967) 31 Aug 1963 - 31 Aug 1971 Winston P. Wilson (2nd time) (s.a.) 1 Sep 1971 - 23 Jun 1974 Francis S. Greenlief (b. 1921 - d. 1999) 1 Jul 1974 - 15 Aug 1982 LaVern E. Weber (b. 1923 - d. 1999) (acting to 16 Aug 1974) 16 Aug 1982 - 15 Aug 1986 Emmett H. Walker, Jr. (b. 1924 - d. 2007) 16 Aug 1986 - 31 Jan 1990 Herbert R. Temple, Jr. (b. 1928) 1 Feb 1990 - 1 Dec 1993 John B. Conaway (b. 1934) 1 Jan 1994 - 31 Jul 1994 Raymond F. Rees (1st time) (b. 1944) (acting) 1 Oct 1994 - 31 Jul 1998 Edward D. Baca (b. 1938 - d. 2020) 31 Jul 1998 - 3 Aug 2002 Russell C. Davis (b. 1938) (acting to 4 Aug 1998) 4 Aug 2002 - 10 Apr 2003 Raymond F. Rees (2nd time) (s.a.) (acting) 11 Apr 2003 - 17 Nov 2008 H. Steven Blum (b. 1946) 17 Nov 2008 - 7 Sep 2012 Craig R. McKinley (b. 1952) 7 Sep 2012 - 3 Aug 2016 Frank J. Grass (b. 1951) 3 Aug 2016 - 3 Aug 2020 Joseph L. Lengyel (b. 1959) 3 Aug 2020 - Daniel R. Hokanson (b. 1963)

Department of the Army

[Secretary of War Department 1903-1947;
Secretary of Army flag 1947-1956 (U.S.)]

1903 - 12 Jun 1956

Adopted 12 Jun 1956

U.S. Army

12 Jun 1776 Board of War and Ordnance of the Continental Congress. 17 Oct 1777 Board of War of the Continental Congress. 7 Feb 1781 War Office 7 Aug 1789 War Department established. 18 Sep 1947 War Department becomes the Department of the Army, a branch of the Department of Defense.

President of the Board of War and Ordnanceof the Continental Congress 13 Jun 1776 - 17 Oct 1777 John Adams                         (b. 1735 - d. 1826)Presidents of the Board of War of the Continental Congress 17 Oct 1777 - 27 Nov 1777 John Adams                   (s.a.) 27 Nov 1777 - 30 Oct 1781 Horatio Gates            (b. 1727 - d. 1806) Secretaries at War 30 Oct 1781 - 29 Oct 1783 Benjamin Lincoln             (b. 1733 - d. 1810) 4 Nov 1783 - 8 Mar 1785 Joseph Carleton (acting)    (b. 1754 - d. 1812) 8 Mar 1785 - 12 Sep 1789 Henry Knox                 (b. 1750 - d. 1806) Secretaries of War 12 Sep 1789 - 31 Dec 1794 Henry Knox                   (s.a.) 2 Jan 1795 - 27 Jan 1796 Timothy Pickering            (b. 1745 - d. 1829)27 Jan 1796 - 1 Jun 1800 James McHenry                (b. 1753 - d. 1816) 1 Jun1800 - 12 Jun 1800 Benjamin Stoddert (acting)         (b. 1751 - d. 1813) 12 Jun 1800 - 31 Jan 1801 Samuel Dexter                (b. 1761 - d. 1816) 3 Feb 1801 - 4 Mar 1801 Roger Griswold (acting)            (b. 1762 - d. 1812) 5 Mar 1801 - 16 Feb 1809 Henry Dearborn               (b. 1751 - d. 1829) 17 Feb 1809 - 7 Mar 1809 John A. Smith (acting) (b. 1773? - d. 1811) 7 Mar 1809 - 31 Dec 1812 William Eustis               (b. 1753 - d. 1825) 1 Jan 1813 - 5 Feb 1813 James Monroe (1st time)(acting)    (b. 1758 - d. 1831) 5 Feb 1813 - 27 Sep 1814 John Armstrong, Jr.       (b. 1758 - d. 1843) 27 Sep 1814 - 2 Mar 1815 James Monroe (2nd time)            (s.a.)    (acting to 1 Oct 1814) 2 Mar 1815 - 1 Aug 1815 Alexander J. Dallas (acting) (b. 1759 - d. 1817) 1 Aug 1815 - 22 Oct 1816 William Harris Crawford      (b. 1772 - d. 1834) 22 Oct 1816 - 8 Oct 1817 George Graham (acting) (b. 1772 - d. 1830) 8 Oct 1817 - 7 Mar 1825 John Caldwell Calhoun        (b. 1782 - d. 1850) 7 Mar 1825 - 24 May 1828 James Barbour                (b. 1775 - d. 1842)26 May 1828 - 20 Jun 1828 Samuel L. Southard (acting)        (b. 1787 - d. 1842)
21 Jun 1828 - 9 Mar 1829 Peter B. Porter                    (b. 1773 - d. 1844) 9 Mar 1829 - 18Jun 1831 John Henry Eaton             (b. 1790 - d. 1856) 18 Jun 1831 - 21 Jul 1831 Philip G. Randolph (acting)    (b. 1801 - d. 1836)21 Jul 1831 - 8 Aug 1831 Roger B. Taney (acting) (b. 1777 - d. 1864) 8 Aug 1831 - 5 Oct 1836 Lewis Cass                   (b. 1782 - d. 1866) 5 Oct 1836 - 26 Oct 1836 Carey A. Harris (acting) (b. 1806 - d. 1842)
25 Oct 1836 - 7 Mar 1837 Benjamin F. Butler (acting)    (b. 1795 - d. 1858) 7 Mar 1837 - 5 Mar 1841 Joel Roberts Poinsett      (b. 1779 - d. 1851) 5 Mar 1841 - 13 Sep 1841 John Bell                (b. 1797 - d. 1869) 13 Sep 1841 - 12 Oct 1841 Albert Miller Lea(acting) (b. 1809 - d. 1891) 12 Oct 1841 - 3 Mar 1843 John Cranfield Spencer   (b. 1788 - d. 1858) 8 Mar 1843 - 14 Feb 1844 James Madison Porter     (b. 1793 - d. 1862) 15 Feb 1844 - 4 Mar 1845 William Wilkins            (b. 1779 - d. 1865) 6 Mar 1845 - 8 Mar 1849 William Learned Marcy      (b. 1786 - d. 1857) 8 Mar 1849 - 14 Mar 1849 Reverdy Johnson (acting) (b. 1796 - d. 1876)
14 Mar 1849 - 23 Jul 1850 George Walker Crawford   (b. 1798 - d. 1872) 23 Jul 1850 - 24 Jul 1850 Samuel J. Anderson (acting)    (d. 1874) 24 Jul 1850 - 15 Aug 1850 Winfield Scott (acting)      (b. 1786 - d. 1866) 15 Aug 1850 - 7 Mar 1853 Charles Magill Conrad    (b. 1804 - d. 1878) 7 Mar 1853 - 3 Mar 1857 Jefferson Davis          (b. 1808 - d. 1889) 3Mar 1857 - 6 Mar 1857 Samuel Cooper (acting) (b. 1798 - d. 1876) 6 Mar 1857 -29 Dec 1860 John Buchanan Floyd      (b. 1806 - d. 1863) 29 Dec 1860- 4 Mar 1861 Joseph Holt              (b. 1807 - d. 1849) (acting to 18 Jan 1861) 5 Mar 1861 - 15 Jan 1862 Simon Cameron            (b. 1799 - d. 1889) 15 Jan 1862 - 20 Jan 1862 Thomas Alexander Scott (acting)    (b. 1823 - d. 1881) 20 Jan 1862 - 28 May 1868 Edwin McMasters Stanton (b. 1814 - d. 1869) (suspended by President Johnson 12 Aug 1867 - 13 Jan 1868) 12 Aug 1867 - 13 Jan 1868 Ulysses S. Grant (acting) (b. 1822 - d. 1885) 1 Jun 1868- 13 Mar 1869 John McAllister Schofield    (b. 1831 - d. 1906) 13 Mar 1869 - 6 Sep 1869 John A. Rawlins          (b. 1831 - d. 1869) 6 Sep 1869 - 25 Oct 1869 William Tecumseh Sherman (acting) (b. 1820 - d. 1891) 25 Oct1869 - 2 Mar 1876 William Worth Belknap        (b. 1829 - d. 1890) 2 Mar 1876 - 8 Mar 1876 George Maxwell Robeson (acting)    (b. 1829 - d. 1897)
8 Mar 1876 - 22 May 1876 Alphonso Taft            (b. 1810 - d. 1891) 22 May1876 - 12 Mar 1877 James Donald Cameron         (b. 1833 - d. 1918)12 Mar 1877 - 10 Dec 1879 George Washington McCrary (b. 1835 - d. 1890) 10 Dec 1879 - 5 Mar 1881 Alexander Ramsey             (b. 1815 - d. 1903) 5 Mar 1881 - 5 Mar 1885 Robert Todd Lincoln      (b. 1843 - d. 1926) 5 Mar 1885 - 5 Mar 1889 William C. Endicott          (b. 1826 - d. 1900) 5 Mar 1889 - 5 Nov 1891 Redfield Proctor         (b. 1831 - d. 1908) 5 Nov 1891 - 17 Dec 1891 Lewis A. Grant (acting) (b. 1828 - d. 1918)17 Dec 1891 - 5 Mar 1893 Stephen B. Elkins            (b. 1841 - d. 1911) 5 Mar 1893 - 5 Mar 1897 Daniel Scott Lamont          (b. 1851 - d. 1905) 5 Mar 1897 - 1 Aug 1899 Russel Alexander Alger   (b. 1836 - d. 1907) 1 Aug 1899 - 31 Jan1904 Elihu Root                 (b. 1854 - d. 1937) 1 Feb 1904 - 30 Jun 1908 William Howard Taft      (b. 1857 - d. 1930) 1 Jul 1908 - 11 Mar 1909 Luke Edward Wright         (b. 1846 - d. 1922) 12Mar 1909 - 21 May 1911 Jacob McGavock Dickinson    (b. 1851 - d. 1928) 22 May 1911 - 4 Mar 1913 Henry Lewis Stimson (1st time)     (b. 1867 - d. 1950) 5 Mar 1913 - 10 Feb 1916 Lindley Miller Garrison    (b. 1864 - d. 1932) 10 Feb 1916 - 9 Mar 1916 Hugh L. Scott (acting) (b. 1853 - d. 1934) 9 Mar 1916 - 4 Mar 1921 Newton Diehl Baker       (b. 1871 - d. 1937) 5 Mar 1921 - 13 Oct 1925 John Wingate Weeks           (b. 1860 - d. 1926) 14 Oct 1925 - 5 Mar 1929 Dwight Filley Davis          (b. 1879 - d. 1945) 6 Mar 1929 - 18 Nov 1929 James William Good      (b. 1866 - d. 1929) 18 Nov1929 - 3 Mar 1933 Patrick Jay Hurley         (b. 1883 - d. 1963)    (acting to 9 Dec 1929) 4 Mar 1933 - 27 Aug 1936 George Henry Dern          (b. 1862 - d. 1936) 27 Aug 1936 - 20 Jun 1940 Harry H. Woodring            (b. 1890 - d. 1967) (acting to 25 Sep 1936) 20 Jun 1940 - 10 Jul 1940 Louis A. Johnson (acting)    (b. 1891 - d. 1936) 10 Jul 1940 - 21 Sep 1945 Henry Lewis Stimson (2nd time)     (s.a.)21 Sep 1945 - 18 Jul 1947 Robert Porter Patterson (b. 1891 - d. 1952)                              (acting to 27 Sep 1945) 19 Jul 1947 - 17 Sep 1947 Kenneth Claiborne Royall   (b. 1894 - d. 1971) Secretaries of the Army 18 Sep 1947 - 27 Apr 1949 Kenneth Claiborne Royall           (s.a.) 28 Apr 1949 - 12 Apr 1950 Gordon Gray                        (b. 1909 - d. 1982)    (acting to 19 Jun 1949) 12 Apr 1950 - 20 Jan 1953 Frank Pace, Jr.                    (b. 1912 - d. 1988) 20 Jan 1953 - 4 Feb 1953 Earl D. Johnson (acting) (b. 1905 - d. 1990) 4 Feb 1953 - 21 Jul 1955 Robert TenBroek Stevens            (b. 1899 - d. 1983) 21 Jul 1955 - 20 Jan 1961 Wilber Marion Brucker              (b. 1894 - d. 1968)20 Jan 1961 - 23 Jan 1961 .... (acting) 23 Jan 1961 - 30 Jun 1962 Elvis Jacob Stahr, Jr.             (b. 1916 - d. 1998) 30 Jun 1962 - 5 Jul 1962 Stephen Ailes (1st time)(acting)   (b. 1912 - d. 2001) 5 Jul 1962 - 21 Jan 1964 Cyrus Roberts Vance                (b. 1917 - d. 2002) 28 Jan 1964 - 1 Jul 1965 Stephen Ailes (2nd time)       (s.a.) 2 Jul 1965 - 30 Jun 1971 Stanley R. Resor                   (b. 1917 - d. 2012) 1 Jul 1971 - 14 May 1973 Robert F. Froehlke                 (b. 1922 - d. 2016) 15 May 1973 - 3 Jul 1975 Howard "Bo" H. Callaway            (b. 1927 - d. 2014) 3 Jul 1975 - 5 Aug 1975 Norman R. Augustine(acting) (b. 1935) 5 Aug 1975 - 13 Feb 1977 Martin R. Hoffmann                 (b. 1932 - d. 2014)14 Feb 1977 - 20 Jan 1981 Clifford L. Alexander, Jr.         (b. 1933 - d. 2022) 21 Jan 1981 - 29 Jan 1981 Percy A. Pierre (acting) (b. 1939)29 Jan 1981 - 14 Aug 1989 John O. Marsh, Jr.                 (b. 1926 - d. 2019) 14 Aug 1989 - 20 Jan 1993 Michael P.W. Stone                 (b. 1925 - d. 1995) 20 Jan 1993 - 26 Aug 1993 John W. Shannon, Sr. (acting)    (b. 1933 - d. 2017)27 Aug 1993 - 21 Nov 1993 Gordon R. Sullivan (acting) (b. 1937 - d. 2024)22 Nov 1993 - 2 Jan 1998 Togo D. West, Jr.                  (b. 1942 - d. 2018) 2 Jan 1998 - 2 Jul 1998 Robert M. Walker (acting)          (b. 1949) 2 Jul 1998 - 20 Jan 2001 Louis Caldera                      (b. 1956) 20 Jan 2001 - 4 Mar 2001 Gregory R. Dahlberg (acting) (b. 1951) 5 Mar 2001 - 31 May 2001 Joseph W. Westphal (acting) (b. 1948) 31 May 2001 - 9 May 2003 Thomas E. White                    (b. 1943) 9 May 2003 - 19 Nov 2004 Romer Leslie "Les" Brownlee        (b. 1939 - d. 2022)                              (acting) 19 Nov 2004 - 9 Mar 2007 Francis J. Harvey                  (b. 1944) 9 Mar 2007 - 21 Sep 2009 Preston "Pete" M. Geren    (b. 1952) (acting to 13 Jul 2007) 21 Sep 2009 - 31 Oct 2015 John M. McHugh                     (b. 1948) 3 Nov 2015 - 11 Jan 2016 Eric K. Fanning (1st time)(acting) (b. 1968) 11 Jan 2016 - 18 May 2016 Patrick J. Murphy (acting)         (b. 1973) 18 May 2016 - 20 Jan 2017 Eric K. Fanning (2nd time) (s.a.) 20 Jan 2017 - 2 Aug 2017 Robert M. Speer (acting)           (b. 1956) 2 Aug 2017 - 20 Nov 2017 Ryan D. McCarthy (1st time)(acting)(b. 1973?) 20 Nov 2017 -23 Jul 2019 Mark T. Esper    (b. 1964) 24 Jun 2019 - 15 Jul 2019 Ryan D. McCarthy (2nd time)        (s.a.)                              (acting for Esper)23 Jul 2019 - 20 Jan 2021 Ryan D. McCarthy (3rd time)    (s.a.)                              (acting to 30 Sep 2019) 20 Jan 2021 -27 May 2021 John E. Whitley (acting)           (b. 1970) 27 May 2021 -              Christine E. Wormuth (f)    (b. 1969)

Army

[flag of Chief of Staff
of the Army (U.S.)]
Army Chief of Staff Flag

19 Jun 1775 Post of Commanding General is created by the Continental Congress. 9 Aug 1903 Post replaced by that of Chief of Staff of the Army.

General and Commander-in-Chief of the Army of the United Colonies (from 9 Sep 1776, of the United States of America) 15 Jun 1775 - 23 Dec 1783 George Washington (b. 1732 - d. 1799) Senior Officers 23 Dec 1783 - 20 Jun 1784 Henry Knox (b. 1750 - d. 1806) 20 Jun 1784 - 12 Aug 1784 John Doughty (b. 1754 - d. 1826) 12 Aug 1784 - 4 Mar 1791 Josiah Harmar (b. 1753 - d. 1813) 4 Mar 1791 - 5 Mar 1792 Arthur St. Clair (b. 1763 - d. 1818) 13 Apr 1792 - 15 Dec 1796 Anthony Wayne (b. 1745 - d. 1786) 15 Dec 1796 - 13 Jul 1798 James Wilkinson (1st time) (b. 1757 - d. 1825) 13 Jul 1798 - 14 Dec 1799 George Washington (s.a.) 14 Dec 1799 - 15 Jun 1800 Alexander Hamilton (b. 1757 - d. 1804) 15 Jun 1800 - 27 Jan 1812 James Wilkinson (2nd time) (s.a.) 27 Jan 1812 - 15 Jun 1815 Henry Dearborn (b. 1751 - d. 1829) 15 Jun 1815 - 1 Jun 1821 Jacob Jennings Brown (b. 1775 - d. 1828) Commanding Generals of the Army 1 Jun 1821 - 24 Feb 1828 Jacob Jennings Brown (s.a.) 29 May 1828 - 25 Jun 1841 Alexander Macomb (b. 1782 - d. 1841) 5 Jul 1841 - 1 Nov 1861 Winfield Scott (b. 1786 - d. 1866) 1 Nov 1861 - 11 Mar 1862 George Brinton McClellan (b. 1826 - d. 1885) 23 Jul 1862 - 9 Mar 1864 Henry Wagner Halleck (b. 1815 - d. 1872) 9 Mar 1864 - 4 Mar 1869 Ulysses S. Grant (b. 1822 - d. 1885) 8 Mar 1869 - 1 Nov 1883 William Tecumseh Sherman (b. 1820 - d. 1891) 1 Nov 1883 - 5 Aug 1888 Philip Henry Sheridan (b. 1831 - d. 1888) 14 Aug 1888 - 29 Sep 1895 John McAllister Schofield (b. 1831 - d. 1906) 5 Oct 1895 - 8 Aug 1903 Nelson Appleton Miles (b. 1839 - d. 1925) 8 Aug 1903 - 15 Aug 1903 Samuel Baldwin Marks Young (b. 1840 - d. 1924) Chiefs of Staff of the Army 15 Aug 1903 - 8 Jan 1904 Samuel Baldwin Marks Young (s.a.) 9 Jan 1904 - 14 Jan 1906 Adna Romanza Chaffee (b. 1842 - d. 1914) 15 Jan 1906 - 13 Apr 1906 John Coalter Bates (b. 1842 - d. 1919) 14 Apr 1906 - 21 Apr 1910 James Franklin Bell (b. 1856 - d. 1919) 22 Apr 1910 - 20 Apr 1914 Leonard Wood (b. 1860 - d. 1927) 21 Apr 1914 - 15 Nov 1914 William Wallace Wotherspoon (b. 1850 - d. 1921) 16 Nov 1914 - 21 Sep 1917 Hugh Lenox Scott (b. 1853 - d. 1934) 22 Sep 1917 - 18 May 1918 Tasker Howard Bliss (b. 1853 - d. 1930) 19 May 1918 - 30 Jun 1921 Peyton Conway March (b. 1864 - d. 1955) 1 Jul 1921 - 13 Sep 1924 John Joseph Pershing (b. 1860 - d. 1948) 14 Sep 1924 - 20 Nov 1926 John Leonard Hines (b. 1868 - d. 1968) 21 Nov 1926 - 20 Nov 1930 Charles Pelot Summerall (b. 1867 - d. 1955) 21 Nov 1930 - 1 Oct 1935 Douglas MacArthur (b. 1880 - d. 1964) 2 Oct 1935 - 31 Aug 1939 Malin Craig (b. 1875 - d. 1945) 1 Sep 1939 - 18 Nov 1945 George Catlett Marshall (b. 1880 - d. 1959) 19 Nov 1945 - 7 Feb 1948 Dwight David Eisenhower (b. 1890 - d. 1969) 7 Feb 1948 - 16 Aug 1949 Omar Nelson Bradley (b. 1893 - d. 1981) 16 Aug 1949 - 15 Aug 1953 Joseph Lawton Collins (b. 1896 - d. 1987) 16 Aug 1953 - 30 Jun 1955 Matthew Bunker Ridgway (b. 1895 - d. 1993) 30 Jun 1955 - 30 Jun 1959 Maxwell Davenport Taylor (b. 1901 - d. 1987) 1 Jul 1959 - 30 Sep 1960 Lyman Louis Lemnitzer (b. 1899 - d. 1988) 1 Oct 1960 - 30 Sep 1962 George Henry Decker (b. 1902 - d. 1980) 1 Oct 1962 - 2 Jul 1964 Earle Gilmore Wheeler (b. 1908 - d. 1975) 3 Jul 1964 - 2 Jul 1968 Harold Keith Johnson (b. 1912 - d. 1983) 3 Jul 1968 - 30 Jun 1972 William Childs Westmoreland (b. 1914 - d. 2005) 1 Jul 1972 - 11 Oct 1972 Bruce Palmer, Jr. (acting) (b. 1913 - d. 2000) 12 Oct 1972 - 4 Sep 1974 Creighton William Abrams, Jr. (b. 1914 - d. 1974) 4 Sep1974 - 30 Sep 1976 Frederick Carlton Weyand (b. 1916 - d. 2010) (acting to 3 Oct 1974) 1 Oct 1976 - 21 Jun 1979 Bernard William Rogers (b. 1921 - d. 2008) 22 Jun 1979 - 21 Jun 1983 Edward Charles "Shy" Meyer (b. 1928 - d. 2020) 23 Jun 1983 - 23 Jun 1987 John Adams Wickham, Jr. (b. 1928 - d. 2024) 23 Jun 1987 - 21 Jun 1991 Carl Edward Vuono (b. 1934) 21 Jun 1991 - 20 Jun 1995 Gordon Russell Sullivan (b. 1937 - d. 2024) 20 Jun 1995 - 22 Jun 1999 Dennis Joe Reimer (b. 1939) 22 Jun 1999 - 11 Jun 2003 Eric Ken Shinseki (b. 1942) 11 Jun 2003 - 1 Aug 2003 John M. Keane (acting) (b. 1943) 1 Aug 2003 - 10 Apr 2007 Peter J. Schoomaker (b. 1946) 10 Apr 2007 - 11 Apr 2011 George William Casey, Jr. (b. 1948) 11 Apr 2011 - 7 Sep 2011 Martin E. Dempsey (b. 1952) 7 Sep 2011 - 14 Aug 2015 Raymond T. Odierno (b. 1954 - d. 2021) 14 Aug 2015 - 9 Aug 2019 Mark A. Milley (b. 1958) 9 Aug 2019 - 4 Aug 2023 James C. McConville (b. 1959) 4 Aug 2023 - Randy A. George (b. 1964) (acting to 21 Sep 2023)

Army Corps of Engineers

ACE Organizational Color

Adopted 6 Apr 1897 Vessel Flag

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers

16 Jun 1775 Post of Chief Engineer of the Continental Army created. 11 Mar 1779 Continental Army Corps of Engineers formed. 26 Feb 1783 Disbanded. 9 May 1794 Corps of Artillerists and Engineers 16 Mar 1802 Army Corps of Engineers re-established. 1 Aug 1818 Separate Topographical Bureau of the War Department. 7 Jul 1838 Separate Corps of Topographical Engineers. 3 Mar 1863 Both fully integrated into the Corps of Engineers.

Chief Engineers, Continental Army (from 11 Mar 1779, Continental Army Corps of Engineers) 17 Jun 1775 - 5 Aug 1776 Richard Gridley (b. 1710 - d. 1796) 5 Aug 1776 - 1 Dec 1776 Rufus Putnam (b. 1738 - d. 1824) 22 Jul 1777 - 10 Oct 1783 Louis Lebègue Duportail (b. 1743 - d. 1802) 10 Oct 1783 - 26 Feb 1795 Post abolished Commander, Corps of Artillerists and Engineers 26 Feb 1795 - 7 May 1798 Stephen Rochefontaine (b. 1755 - d. 1814) Commander, First Regiment Corps of Artillerists and Engineers 7 May 1798 - 1 Apr 1802 Henry Burbeck (b. 1754 - d. 1848) Chief Engineers 1 Apr 1802 - 31 Jul 1812 Jonathan Williams (b. 1750 - d. 1815) (principal engineer to 19 Apr 1805) 31 Jul 1812 - 12 Nov 1818 Joseph Gardner Swift (b. 1783 - d. 1865) 12 Nov 1818 - 1 Jun 1821 Walker Keith Armistead (b. 1785 - d. 1845) 1 Jun 1821 - 24 May 1828 Alexander Macomb (b. 1782 - d. 1841) 24 May 1828 - 6 Dec 1838 Charles Gratiot (b. 1786 - d. 1855) 7 Dec 1838 - 22 Apr 1864 Joseph Gilbert Totten (b. 1788 - d. 1864) Chiefs, Topographical Bureau 1 Aug 1818 - 15 Jan 1829 Issac Roberdeau (b. 1763 - d. 1829) 31 Jan 1829 - 11 Apr 1861 John James Abert (b. 1788 - d. 1863) 11 Apr 1861 - 9 Sep 1861 Hartman Bache (b. 1798 - d. 1872) 9 Sep 1861 - 5 Dec 1862 Stephen H. Long (b. 1784 - d. 1864) 5 Dec 1862 - 3 Mar 1863 Israel C. Woodruff (b. 1815 - d. 1878) Chiefs, Corps of Topographical Engineers 7 Jul 1838 - 9 Sep 1861 John James Abert (s.a.) 11 Apr 1861 - 11 Dec 1861 Hartman Bache (s.a.) 12 Dec 1861 - 3 Mar 1863 Stephen H. Long (s.a.)Chief Engineer 22 Apr 1864 - 8 Aug 1866 Richard Delafield (b. 1798 - d. 1873)United States Army Chief of Engineers and Commanding General of the United States Army Corps of Engineers 8 Aug 1866 - 30 Jun 1879 Andrew Atkinson Humphreys (b. 1810 - d. 1883) 30 Jun 1879 - 6 Mar 1884 Horatio Gouverneur Wright (b. 1820 - d. 1899) 6 Mar 1884 - 27 Aug 1886 John Newton (b. 1823 - d. 1899) 28 Aug 1886 - 10 Oct 1886 John Moulder Wilson (1st time) (b. 1837 - d. 1919) (acting) 11 Oct 1886 - 30 Jun 1888 James Catham Duane (b. 1824 - d. 1897) 6 Jul 1888 - 10 May 1895 Thomas Lincoln Casey (b. 1831 - d. 1896) 10 May 1895 - 1 Feb 1897 William Price Craighill (b. 1833 - d. 1909) 1 Feb 1897 - 30 Apr 1901 John Moulder Wilson (2nd time) (s.a.) 30 Apr 1901 - 2 May 1901 Henry Martyn Robert (b. 1837 - d. 1923) 2 May 1901 - 3 May 1901 John Whitney Barlow (b. 1838 - d. 1914) 3 May 1901 - 22 Jan 1904 George Lewis Gillespie, Jr. (b. 1841 - d. 1913) 23 Jan 1904 - 25 May 1908 Alexander Mackenzie (b. 1844 - d. 1921) 26 May 1908 - 1 Jul 1908 .... (acting) 2 Jul 1908 - 11 Jun 1910 William Louis Marshall (b. 1846 - d. 1920) 12 Jun 1910 - 11 Aug 1913 William Herbert Bixby (b. 1849 - d. 1928) 12 Aug 1913 - 11 Oct 1913 William Trent Rossell (b. 1849 - d. 1919) 12 Oct 1913 - 6 Mar 1916 Dan Christie Kingman (b. 1852 - d. 1916) 7 Mar 1916 - 31 Oct 1919 William Murray Black (b. 1855 - d. 1933) 31 Oct 1919 - 9 Jan 1920 Frederic Vaughan Abbot (acting) (b. 1858 - d. 1928) 9 Jan 1920 - 18 Jun 1924 Lansing Hoskins Beach (b. 1860 - d. 1945) 19 Jun 1924 - 26 Jun 1926 Harry Taylor (b. 1862 - d. 1930) 27 Jun 1926 - 6 Aug 1929 Edgar Jadwin (b. 1865 - d. 1931) 7 Aug 1929 - 1 Oct 1929 Herbert Deakyne (acting) (b. 1867 - d. 1945) 1 Oct 1929 - 1 Oct 1933 Lytle Brown (b. 1872 - d. 1951) 1 Oct 1933 - 17 Oct 1937 Edward Murphy Markham (b. 1877 - d. 1950) 18 Oct 1937 - 30 Sep 1941 Julian Larcombe Schley (b. 1880 - d. 1965) 1 Oct 1941 - 30 Sep 1945 Eugene Reybold (b. 1884 - d. 1961) 1 Oct 1945 - 28 Feb 1949 Raymond A. Wheeler (b. 1885 - d. 1974) 1 Mar 1949 - 25 Jan 1953 Lewis A. Pick (b. 1890 - d. 1956) 17 Mar 1953 - 30 Sep 1956 Samuel D. Sturgis, Jr. (b. 1897 - d. 1964) 1 Oct 1956 - 31 Mar 1961 Emerson C. Itschner (b. 1903 - d. 1995) 1 Apr 1961 - 18 May 1961 Keith R. Barney (acting) (b. 1904 - d. 1977) 19 May 1961 - 30 Jun 1965 Walter K. Wilson, Jr. (b. 1906 - d. 1985) 1 Jul 1965 - 31 Jul 1969 William F. Cassidy (b. 1908 - d. 2002) 1 Aug 1969 - 31 Jul 1973 Frederick J. Clarke (b. 1915 - d. 2002) 1 Aug 1973 - 30 Jun 1976 William C. Gribble, Jr. (b. 1917 - d. 1979) 1 Jul 1976 - 30 Sep 1980 John W. Morris (b. 1921 - d. 2013) 1 Oct 1980 - 14 Sep 1984 Joseph K. Bratton (b. 1926 - d. 2007) 14 Sep 1984 - 5 May 1988 Elvin R. Heiberg III (b. 1932 - d. 2013) 6 May 1988 - 16 Jun 1988 .... (acting) 17 Jun 1988 - 4 Jun 1992 Henry J. Hatch (b. 1935) 5 Jun 1992 - 23 Aug 1992 C. Ernest Edgar III (acting) (b. 1936) 24 Aug 1992 - 30 Jun 1996 Arthur E. Williams (b. 1938) 1 Jul 1996 - 17 Sep 1996 .... (acting) 18 Sep 1996 - 31 Aug 2000 Joe N. Ballard (b. 1942) 1 Sep 2000 - 22 Oct 2000 .... (acting) 23 Oct 2000 - 1 Jul 2004 Robert B. Flowers (b. 1947) 1 Jul 2004 - 17 May 2007 Carl A. Strock (b. 1948) 18 May 2007 - 17 Jun 2011 Robert L. Van Antwerp, Jr. (b. 1950) 17 Jun 2011 - 22 May 2012 Merdith W.B. "Bo" Temple (acting) (b. 1953 - d. 2020) 22 May 2012 - 19 May 2016 Thomas P. Bostick (b. 1956) 19 May 2016 - 10 Sep 2020 Todd T. Semonite (b. 1957) 10 Sep 2020 - Scott A. Spellmon (b. 1963)

Women's Army Corps (WAC)

15 May 1942 Women's Army Auxiliary Corps (WAAC). 1 Jul 1943 Women's Army Corps (WAC). 28 Apr 1978 WAC dis-established, women integrated into regular Army.

Directors 16 May 1942 - 11 Jul 1945 Oveta Culp Hobby (f) (b. 1905 - d. 1995) 12 Jul 1945 - 4 Mar 1947 Westray Battle Boyce (f) (b. 1901 - d. 1972) 5 Mar 1947 - 2 Jan 1953 Mary A. Hallaren (f) (b. 1907 - d. 2005) (acting to 6 May 1947) 3 Jan 1953 - 2 Jan 1957 Irene Otillia Galloway (f) (b. 1908 - d. 1963) 3 Jan 1957 - 31 Jul 1962 Mary Louise Milligan Rasmuson (f) (b. 1911 - d. 2012) 1 Aug 1962 - 31 Jul 1966 Emily C. Gorman (f) (b. 1909 - d. 2005) 1 Aug 1966 - 31 Jul 1971 Elizabeth P. Hoisington (f) (b. 1918 - d. 2007) 1 Aug 1971 - 31 Jul 1975 Mildred Inez Caroon Bailey (f) (b. 1919 - d. 2009) 1 Aug 1975 - 28 Apr 1978 Mary Elizabeth Clarke (f) (b. 1924 - d. 2011)

Department of the Navy

[Flag of Secretary of Navy Department
1874-1959 (U.S.)]

4 Jul 1874 - 24 Apr 1959

Adopted 24 Apr 1959

U.S. Navy

13 Oct 1775 Naval (from 25 Jan 1776, Marine) Committee of the Continental Congress established along with theContinentalNavy. 28 Oct 1779 Continental Board of Admiralty (in operation from 8 Dec 1779). 7 Feb 1781 Marine Department 3 Jun 1785 Disbanded, duties turned over the Board of Treasury. 1 Aug 1785 LastContinental Naval vessel (the frigate Alliance)sold. 7 Aug 1789 - 30 Apr 1798 Secretary of War assigned the duties related to naval affairs. 30 Apr 1798 Navy Department established as a cabinet post. 18 Sep 1947 Becomes a branch of the Department of Defense.

Chairmen of the Naval Committee of the Continental Congress Oct 1775 - Dec 1775 John Adams (b. 1735 - d. 1826)Jan 1776 - 25 Jan 1776 Stephen Hopkins (b. 1707 - d. 1785)Chairmen of the Marine Committee of the Continental Congress 25 Jan 1776 - 1776 Stephen Hopkins (s.a.) 1776 - 1777 John Hancock (b. 1737 - d. 1793) 1777 - 1778 Henry Laurens (b. 1723 - d. 1792) 1778 - Dec 1778 Richard Henry Lee (b. 1732 - d. 1794) Dec 1778 - Jun 1779 John Adams (s.a.) Jun 1779 - 8 Dec 1779 William Whipple, Jr. (b. 1730 - d. 1785) Chairman of the Continental Board of Admiralty 8 Dec 1779 - 17 Jul 1781 Francis Lewis (b. 1713 - d. 1802)11 Jan 1781 - 17 Jul 1781 James Reed (acting) Secretary of Marine 7 Feb 1781 – 29 Aug 1781 Alexander McDougall (b. 1731 - d. 1786) (declined Congressional appointment) 17 Jul 1781 - 8 Sep 1781 Robert Morris (acting) (b. 1734 - d. 1806)Agent of Marine 8 Sep 1781 - 1 Nov 1784 Robert Morris (s.a.) 1 Nov 1784 - 3 Jun 1785 James Reed (de facto acting) (b. 1736 - d. 1814) 3 Jun 1785 - 3 May 1798 Post abolished Secretaries of the Navy 3 May 1798 - 18 Jun 1798 George Cabot (did not take office) (b. 1752 - d. 1823) 18 Jun 1798 - 31 Mar 1801 Benjamin Stoddert (b. 1751 - d. 1813) 31 Mar 1801 - 26 Jul 1801 Henry Dearborn (acting) (b. 1751 - d. 1829) 27 Jul 1801 - 7 Mar 1809 Robert Smith (b. 1757 - d. 1842) 8 Mar 1809 - 15 May 1809 Charles W. Goldsborough (1st time) (b. 1779 - d. 1843) (acting) 15 May 1809 - 31 Dec 1812 Paul Hamilton (b. 1762 - d. 1816) 7 Jan 1813 - 18 Jan 1813 Charles W. Goldsborough (2nd time) (s.a.) (acting) 19 Jan 1813 - 1 Dec 1814 William Jones (b. 1760 - d. 1831) 2 Dec 1814 – 16 Jan 1815 Benjamin Homans (acting) (b. 1765 - d. 1823) 16 Jan 1815 - 30 Sep 1818 Benjamin William Crowninshield (b. 1772 - d. 1851) 1 Oct 1818 - 31 Dec 1818 John C. Calhoun (acting) (b. 1782 - d. 1850) 1 Jan 1819 - 31 Aug 1823 Smith Thompson (b. 1768 - d. 1843) 1 Sep 1823 – 16 Sep 1823 John Rodgers (acting) (b. 1772 – d. 1838) 16 Sep 1823 - 4 Mar 1829 Samuel L. Southard (b. 1787 - d. 1842) 4 Mar 1829 - 9 Mar 1829 Charles Hay (acting) (b. 1793 - d. 1833) 9 Mar 1829 - 12 May 1831 John Branch (b. 1782 - d. 1863) 12 May 1831 – 23 May 1831 John Boyle (acting) (b. 1777 – d. 1849) 23 May 1823 - 30 Jun 1834 Levi Woodbury (b. 1789 - d. 1851) 1 Jul 1834 - 30 Jun 1838 Mahlon Dickerson (b. 1770 - d. 1853) 1 Jul 1838 - 3 Mar 1841 James Kirke Paulding (b. 1778 - d. 1860) 4 Mar 1841 - 5 Mar 1841 John D. Simms (1st time)(acting) (b. 1788 - d. 1843) 5 Mar 1841 - 11 Sep 1841 George Edmund Badger (b. 1795 - d. 1866) 11 Sep 1841 – 11 Oct 1841 John D. Simms (2nd time)(acting) (s.a.) 11 Oct 1841 - 23 Jul 1843 Abel Parker Upshur (b. 1790 - d. 1844) 24 Jul 1843 - 18 Feb 1844 David Henshaw (b. 1791 - d. 1852) 19 Feb 1844 - 28 Feb 1844 Thomas Walker Gilmer (b. 1802 - d. 1844) 28 Feb 1844 – 26 Mar 1844 Lewis Warrington (1st time)(acting)(b. 1782 – d. 1851) 26 Mar 1844 - 10 Mar 1845 John Young Mason (1st time) (b. 1799 - d. 1859) 11 Mar 1845 - 9 Sep 1846 George Bancroft (b. 1800 - d. 1891) 10 Sep 1846 - 7 Mar 1849 John Young Mason (2nd time) (s.a.) 8 Mar 1849 - 22 Jul 1850 William Ballard Preston (b. 1805 - d. 1862) 23 Jul 1850 – 2 Aug 1850 Lewis Warrington (2nd time)(acting)(s.a.) 2 Aug 1850 - 25 Jul 1852 William Alexander Graham (b. 1804 - d. 1875) 26 Jul 1852 - 7 Mar 1853 John Pendelton Kennedy (b. 1795 - d. 1870) 7 Mar 1853 - 6 Mar 1857 James Cochrane Dobbin (b. 1804 - d. 1857) 7 Mar 1857 - 6 Mar 1861 Isaac Toucey (b. 1796 - d. 1869) 7 Mar 1861 - 3 Mar 1869 Gideon Welles (b. 1802 - d. 1878) 4 Mar 1869 - 9 Mar 1869 William Faxon (acting) (b. 1822 - d. 1883) 9 Mar 1869 - 25 Jun 1869 Adolph Edward Borie (b. 1809 - d. 1880) 26 Jun 1869 - 12 Mar 1877 George Maxwell Robeson (b. 1829 - d. 1897) 13 Mar 1877 - 20 Dec 1880 Richard Wigginton Thompson (b. 1823 - d. 1900) 20 Dec 1880 - 6 Jan 1881 Alexander Ramsey (acting) (b. 1815 - d. 1903) 7 Jan 1881 - 6 Mar 1881 Nathan Goff, Jr. (b. 1843 - d. 1920) 7 Mar 1881 - 16 Apr 1882 William Henry Hunt (b. 1823 - d. 1884) 17 Apr 1882 - 6 Mar 1885 William Eaton Chandler (b. 1835 - d. 1917) 7 Mar 1885 - 5 Mar 1889 William Colins Whitney (b. 1841 - d. 1904) 6 Mar 1889 - 6 Mar 1893 Benjamin Franklin Tracy (b. 1830 - d. 1915) 7 Mar 1893 - 6 Mar 1897 Hilary Abner Herbert (b. 1834 - d. 1919) 6 Mar 1897 - 30 Apr 1902 John Davis Long (b. 1838 - d. 1915) 1 May 1902 – 30 Jun 1904 William Henry Moody (b. 1853 - d. 1917) 1 Jul 1904 – 30 Jun 1905 Paul Morton (b. 1857 - d. 1911) 1 Jul 1905 - 16 Dec 1906 Charles Joseph Bonaparte (b. 1851 - d. 1921) 17 Dec 1906 - 30 Nov 1908 Victor Howard Metcalf (b. 1853 - d. 1936) 1 Dec 1908 - 5 Mar 1909 Truman Handy Newberry (b. 1864 - d. 1945) 6 Mar 1909 - 4 Mar 1913 George von Lengerke Meyer (b. 1858 - d. 1918) 5 Mar 1913 - 5 Mar 1921 Josephus Daniels (b. 1861 - d. 1948) 6Mar 1921 - 10 Mar 1924 Edwin C. Denby (b. 1870 - d. 1929)10 Mar 1924 - 19 Mar 1924 Theodore Roosevelt III (acting) (b. 1887 - d. 1944) 19 Mar 1924 - 4 Mar 1929 Curtis Dwight Wibur (b. 1867 - d. 1954) 5 Mar 1929 - 4 Mar 1933 Charles Francis Adams (b. 1866 - d. 1954) 4 Mar 1933 - 7 Jul 1939 Claude Augustus Swanson (b. 1862 - d. 1939) 7 Jul 1939 - 24 Jun 1940 Charles Edison (b. 1890 - d. 1969) (acting to 2 Jan 1940) 24 Jun 1940 - 11 Jul 1940 Lewis Compton(acting) (b. 1892 - d. 1942) 11 Jul 1940 - 28 Apr 1944 Frank Knox (b. 1874 - d. 1944) 28 Apr 1944 - 19 May 1944 Ralph A. Bard (acting) (b. 1884 - d. 1975) 19 May 1944 - 17 Sep 1947 James V. Forrestal (b. 1892 - d. 1949) 18 Sep 1947 - 24 May 1949 John Lawrence Sullivan (b. 1899 - d. 1983) 25 May 1949 - 31 Jul 1951 Francis Patrick Matthews (b. 1887 - d. 1952) 31 Jul 1951 - 20 Jan 1953 Dan A. Kimball (b. 1896 - d. 1970) 20 Jan 1953 - 4 Feb 1953 Francis P. Whitehair (acting) (b. 1900 - d. 1977) 4 Feb 1953 - 3 May 1954 Robert Bernard Anderson (b. 1910 - d. 1989) 3 May 1954 - 1 Apr 1957 Charles Sparks Thomas (b. 1897 - d. 1983) 1 Apr 1957 - 8 Jun 1959 Thomas Sovereign Gates, Jr. (b. 1906 - d. 1983) 8 Jun 1959 - 20 Jan 1961 William B. Franke (b. 1894 - d. 1979) 20 Jan 1961 - 25 Jan 1961 .... (acting) 25 Jan 1961 - 20 Dec 1961 John Bowden Connally, Jr. (b. 1917 - d. 1993) 20 Dec 1961 - 1 Nov 1963 Fred Korth (b. 1909 - d. 1998) (acting to 4 Jan 1962) 2 Nov 1963 - 28 Nov 1963 Paul B. Fay, Jr. (acting) (b. 1918 - d. 2009) 29 Nov 1963 - 30 Jun 1967 Paul H. Nitze (b. 1907 - d. 2004) 1 Jul 1967 - 31 Jul 1967 Robert H.B. Baldwin (acting) (b. 1920 - d. 2016) 1 Aug 1967 - 31 Aug 1967 Charles F. Baird (acting) (b. 1922 - d. 2009) 1 Sep 1967 - 24 Jan 1969 Paul R. Ignatius (b. 1920) 24 Jan 1969 - 31 Jan 1969 .... (acting) 31 Jan 1969 - 4 May 1972 John H. Chafee (b. 1922 - d. 1999) 4 May 1972 - 8 Apr 1974 John W. Warner (b. 1927 - d. 2021) 8 Apr 1974 - 20 Jan 1977 J. William Middendorf II (b. 1924) (acting to 10 Jun 1974) 20 Jan 1977 - 14 Feb 1977 David R. Macdonald(acting) (b. 1930 - d. 2008) 14 Feb 1977 - 24 Aug 1979 W. Graham Claytor, Jr. (b. 1912 - d. 1994) 24 Aug 1979 - 24 Oct 1979 R. James Woolsey (acting) (b. 1941) 24 Oct 1979 - 29 Jan 1981 Edward Hidalgo (b. 1912 - d. 1995) 29 Jan 1981 - 5 Feb 1981 .... (acting) 5 Feb 1981 - 10 Apr 1987 John F. Lehman, Jr. (b. 1942) 10 Apr 1987 - 1 May 1987 James F. Goodrich(acting) (b. 1913 - d. 2012) 1 May 1987 - 23 Feb 1988 James H. Webb, Jr. (b. 1946) 23 Feb 1988 - 28 Mar 1988 Henry Lawrence Garrett III (b. 1939) (1st time)(acting) 28 Mar 1988 - 15 May 1989 William L. Ball (b. 1948) 15 May 1989 - 26 Jun 1992 Henry Lawrence Garrett III (s.a.) (2nd time) 26 Jun 1992 - 7 Jul 1992 J. Daniel Howard (acting) (b. 1943) 7 Jul 1992 - 20 Jan 1993 Sean O'Keefe (b. 1956) (acting to 2 Oct 1992) 20 Jan 1993 - 21 Jul 1993 Frank B. Kelso II (acting) (b. 1933 - d. 2013) 22 Jul 1993 - 16 Nov 1998 John H. Dalton (b. 1941) 16 Nov 1998 - 20 Jan 2001 Richard Danzig (b. 1944) 20 Jan 2001 - 24 May 2001 Robert B. Pirie, Jr. (acting) (b. 1933) 24 May 2001 - 24 Jan 2003 Gordon R. England (1st time) (b. 1937) 24 Jan 2003 - 7 Feb 2003 Susan Morrisey Livingstone (f) (b. 1946) (acting) 7 Feb 2003 - 1 Oct 2003 Hansford T. Johnson (acting) (b. 1936) 1 Oct 2003 - 28 Dec 2005 Gordon R. England (2nd time) (s.a.) 29 Dec 2005 - 3 Jan 2006 Dionel M. Aviles (acting) (b. 1961) 3 Jan 2006 - 13 Mar 2009 Donald C. Winter (b. 1948) 13 Mar 2009 - 19 May 2009 B.J. "Buddie" Penn (acting) (b. 1938) 19 May 2009 - 20 Jan 2017 Raymond "Ray" E. Mabus, Jr. (b. 1948) 20 Jan 2017 - 3 Aug 2017 Sean J. Stackley (acting) (b. 1957) 3 Aug 2017 - 15 Jul 2019 Richard V. Spencer (1st time) (b. 1954) 15 Jul 2019 -23 Jul 2019 Thomas B. Modly (1st time)(acting) (b. 1960) 23 Jul 2019 -24 Nov 2019 Richard V. Spencer (2nd time) (s.a.)
24 Nov 2019 - 7 Apr 2020 Thomas B. Modly (2nd time)(acting) (s.a.) 7 Apr 2020 -29 May 2020 James E. McPherson (acting) (b. 1953) 29 May 2020 - 20 Jan 2021 Kenneth J. Braithwaite II (b. 1960) 20 Jan 2021 - 9 Aug 2021 Thomas W. Harker (acting) 9 Aug 2021 - Carlos Del Toro (b. 1961)

Navy

[flag of Chief of Naval
Operations (U.S.)]
Chief of Naval Operations Flag
Adopted Oct 1956

Commodore and Commander-in-Chief of the Fleet of the United Colonies
(from 9 Sep 1776, of the United States of America) 22 Dec 1775 - 2 Jan 1778 Esek Hopkins (b. 1718 - d. 1802) (suspended from 26 Mar 1777) Senior Officers 26 Mar 1777 - 25 Jan 1780 James Nicholson (b. 1737 - d. 1804) 25 Jan 1780 - 6 Jun 1794 Vacant 6 Jun 1794 - 13 Sep 1803 John Barry (b. 1745 - d. 1803) 13 Sep 1803 - 29 Dec 1811 Samuel Nicholson (b. 1743 - d. 1811) 29 Dec 1811 - 25 Apr 1815 Alexander Murray (b. 1755 - d. 1821) Presidents of the Board of Navy Commissioners 25 Apr 1815 - 15 Dec 1824 John Rodgers (1st time) (b. 1773 - d. 1838) 15 Dec 1824 - 20 Jun 1827 William Bainbridge (b. 1774 - d. 1833) 8 Oct 1827 - 1 May 1837 John Rodgers (2nd time) (s.a.) 1 May 1837 - 27 Jan 1840 Isaac Chauncey (b. 1772 - d. 1840) 27 Jan 1840 - 1 Jun 1841 Charles Morris (b. 1784 - d. 1856) 1 Jun 1841 - 31 Aug 1842 Lewis Warrington (b. 1782 - d. 1851)Senior Officers 1 Sep 1842 - 21 Apr 1851 James Barron (b. 1768 - d. 1851) 22 Apr 1851 - 14 Sep 1855 Charles Stewart (1st time) (b. 1778 - d. 1869) 15 Sep 1855 - 27 Jan 1856 Charles Morris (s.a.) 28 Jan 1856 - 1 Mar 1859 William Shubrick (b. 1790 - d. 1874) 2 Mar 1859 - 21 Dec 1861 Charles Stewart (2nd time) (s.a.) 22 Dec 1861 - 14 Aug 1870 David Glasgow Farragut (b. 1801 - d. 1870) 15 Aug 1870 - 13 Feb 1891 David Dixon Porter (b. 1813 - d. 1891) 13 Feb 1891 - 2 Apr 1892 Lewis Ashfield Kimberly (b. 1830 - d. 1902) 2 Apr 1892 - 10 Nov 1894 Bancroft Gherardi (b. 1832 - d. 1903) 10 Nov 1894 - 19 Jun 1897 George Brown (b. 1835 - d. 1913) 19 Jun 1897 - 3 Jul 1898 William Alexander Kirkland (b. 1836 - d. 1898) 3 Jul 1998 - 10 May 1915 George Dewey (b. 1837 - d. 1917) Chiefs of Naval Operations 11 May 1915 - 25 Sep 1919 William Shepherd Benson (b. 1855 - d. 1932) 1 Nov 1919 - 21 Jul 1923 Robert Edward Coontz (b. 1864 - d. 1935) 21 Jul 1923 - 14 Nov 1927 Edward Walter Eberle (b. 1864 - d. 1929) 14 Nov 1927 - 17 Sep 1930 Charles Frederick Hughes (b. 1866 - d. 1934) 17 Sep 1930 - 30 Jun 1933 William Veazie Pratt (b. 1869 - d. 1957) 1 Jul 1933 - 1 Jan 1937 William Harrison Standley (b. 1872 - d. 1963) 2 Jan 1937 - 1 Aug 1939 William Daniel Leahy (b. 1875 - d. 1959) 1 Aug 1939 - 26 Mar 1942 Harold Raynsford Stark (b. 1880 - d. 1972) 26 Mar 1942 - 15 Dec 1945 Ernest Joseph King (b. 1878 - d. 1956) 15 Dec 1945 - 15 Dec 1947 Chester William Nimitz (b. 1885 - d. 1966) 15 Dec 1947 - 1 Nov 1949 Louis Emil Denfeld (b. 1891 - d. 1972) 2 Nov 1949 - 22 Jul 1951 Forrest Percival Sherman (b. 1896 - d. 1951) 22 Jul 1951 - 16 Aug 1951 Lynde D. McCormick(acting) (b. 1895 - d. 1956) 16 Aug 1951 - 17 Aug 1953 William Morrow Fechteler (b. 1896 - d. 1967) 17 Aug 1953 - 17 Aug 1955 Robert Bostwick Carney (b. 1895 - d. 1990) 17 Aug 1955 - 1 Aug 1961 Arleigh Albert Burke (b. 1901 - d. 1996) 1 Aug 1961 - 1 Aug 1963 George Whelan Anderson, Jr. (b. 1906 - d. 1992) 1 Aug 1963 - 1 Aug 1967 David Lamar McDonald (b. 1906 - d. 1997) 1 Aug 1967 - 30 Jun 1970 Thomas Hinman Moorer (b. 1912 - d. 2004) 1 Jul 1970 - 30 Jun 1974 Elmo Russell Zumwalt, Jr. (b. 1920 - d. 2000) 1 Jul 1974 - 30 Jun 1978 James Lemuel Holloway III (b. 1922 - d. 2019) 1 Jul 1978 - 30 Jun 1982 Thomas B. Hayward (b. 1924 - d. 2022) 1 Jul 1982 - 30 Jun 1986 James D. Watkins (b. 1927 - d. 2012) 1 Jul 1986 - 30 Jun 1990 Carlisle A.H. Trost (b. 1930 - d. 2020) 1 Jul 1990 - 23 Apr 1994 Frank B. Kelso II (b. 1933 - d. 2013) 23 Apr 1994 - 16 May 1996 Jeremy M. "Mike" Boorda (b. 1939 - d. 1996) 17 May 1996 - 21 Jul 2000 Jay L. Johnson (b. 1946) (acting to 2 Aug 1996) 21 Jul 2000 - 22 Jul 2005 Vern Clark (b. 1944) 22 Jul 2005 - 29 Sep 2007 Michael Mullen (b. 1946) 29 Sep 2007 - 23 Sep 2011 Gary G. Roughead (b. 1951) 23 Sep 2011 - 18 Sep 2015 Jonathan W. Greenert (b. 1953) 18 Sep 2015 -22 Aug 2019 John M. Richardson (b. 1960) 22 Aug 2019 - 14 Aug 2023 Michael M. Gilday (b. 1962) 11 Aug 2020 - 28 Sep 2020 William K. Lescher (b. 1958) (acting for Gilday) 14 Aug 2023 - Lisa Marie Franchetti (f) (b. 1964) (acting to 2 Nov 2023)

Women Accepted for Volunteer Emergency Service (WAVES)

30 Jul 1942 Women Accepted for Volunteer Emergency Service (WAVES). 12 Jun 1948 Women'sReserve (WAVES) disestablished and the position of Assistant Chiefof Naval Personnel for Women created.Mar 1973 Post ofSpecial Assistant to the Chief of Navy Personnel for Women is vacated. 1976 Women are integrated into the regular Navy. 20 Oct 1978 Congress allows Navy to assign women to fill sea duty billets.

Directors of the Women's Reserve and (from 7 May 1943) Assistants to the Chief of the Bureau of Naval Personnel 3 Aug 1942 - Feb 1946 Mildred Helen McAfee(f) (b. 1900 - d. 1994) (from Aug 1945, Mildred Helen McAfee Horton) Feb 1946 - Jul 1946 Jean Tilford Palmer(f) (b. 1903 - d. 1992)26 Jul 1946 - 12 Jun 1948 Joy Bright Hancock (f) (b. 1898 - d. 1986)Assistant Chiefs of Naval Personnel for Women12 Jun 1948 - 1 Jun 1953 Joy Bright Hancock (f) (s.a.)Jun 1953 - Aug 1957 Louise K. "Billie" Wilde (f) (b. 1910 - d. 1979) Aug 1957 - Apr 1962 Winifred Redden Quick Collins (f) (b. 1911 - d. 1999) Apr 1962 - Apr 1966 Viola Brown Sanders (f) (b. 1921 - d. 2013) Apr 1966 - Jan 1971 Rita Lenihan (f) (b. 1914 - d. 1989) Jan 1971 - Mar 1973 Robin Lindsay Catherine Quigley (f)(b. 1929)

Marine Corps

c.1830 - 1850	1850 - 18 Jan 1939	Adopted 18 Jan 1939
Flag of the Commandant

U.S. Marine Corps

10 Nov 1775 Continental Marine Corps established. 30 Nov 1783 Disbanded 11 Jul 1798 United States Marine Corpsestablished.

Captain (from 25 Jun 1776, Major) of the Continental Marines 28 Nov 1775 - 25 Aug 1781 Samuel Nicholas¹ (b. 1744 - d. 1790) 25 Aug 1781 - 11 Jul 1798 Post abolished Commandants of the Marine Corps (subordinate to Secretary of the Navy) 12 Jul 1798 - 6 Mar 1804 William Ward Burrows (b. 1758 - d. 1804) 7 Mar 1804 - 1 Sep 1818 Franklin Wharton (b. 1767 - d. 1818) 2 Sep 1818 - 15 Sep 1818 Samuel Miller (acting) (b. 1775 - d. 1855) 16 Sep 1818 - 2 Mar 1819 Archibald Henderson (1st time) (b. 1783 - d. 1859) (acting) 3 Mar 1819 - 16 Oct 1820 Anthony Gale (b. 1782 - d. 1843) 17 Oct 1820 - 6 Jan 1859 Archibald Henderson (2nd time) (s.a.) 7 Jan 1859 - 12 May 1864 John Harris (b. 1790 - d. 1864) 13 May 1864 - 9 Jun 1864 Augustus S. Nicholson (acting) (b. 1830 - d. 1911) 10 Jun 1864 - 31 Oct 1876 Jacob Zeilin (b. 1806 - d. 1880) 1 Nov 1876 - 29 Jan 1891 Charles McCawley (b. 1827 - d. 1891) 30 Jan 1891 - 2 Oct 1903 Charles Heywood (b. 1839 - d. 1915) 3 Oct 1903 - 30 Nov 1910 George Elliott (b. 1846 - d. 1931) 1 Dec 1910 - 24 Feb 1914 William Phillips Biddle (b. 1853 - d. 1923) (acting to 3 Feb 1911) 25 Feb 1914 - 30 Jun 1920 George M.G. Barnett (b. 1859 - d. 1930) 1 Jul 1920 - 4 Mar 1929 John Archer Lejeune (b. 1867 - d. 1942) 5 Mar 1929 - 8 Jul 1930 Wendell Cushing Neville (b. 1870 - d. 1930) 9 Jul 1930 - 28 Feb 1934 Ben Hebard Fuller (b. 1870 - d. 1937) 1 Mar 1934 - 30 Nov 1936 John Herny Russell (b. 1872 - d. 1947) 1 Dec 1936 - 31 Dec 1943 Thomas Holcomb (b. 1879 - d. 1965) 1 Jan 1944 - 31 Dec 1947 Alexander Archer Vandegrift (b. 1887 - d. 1973) 1 Jan 1948 - 31 Dec 1951 Clifton B. Cates (b. 1893 - d. 1970) 1 Jan 1952 - 31 Dec 1955 Lemuel C. Shepherd, Jr. (b. 1896 - d. 1990) 1 Jan 1956 - 31 Dec 1959 Randolph McCall Pate (b. 1898 - d. 1961) 1 Jan 1960 - 31 Dec 1963 David M. Shoup (b. 1904 - d. 1983) 1 Jan 1964 - 31 Dec 1967 Wallace M. Greene, Jr. (b. 1907 - d. 2003) 1 Jan 1968 - 31 Dec 1971 Leonard F. Chapman, Jr. (b. 1913 - d. 2000) 1 Jan 1972 - 30 Jun 1975 Robert E. Cushman, Jr. (b. 1914 - d. 1985) 1 Jul 1975 - 30 Jun 1979 Louis H. Wilson, Jr. (b. 1920 - d. 2005) 1 Jul 1979 - 30 Jun 1983 Robert H. Barrow (b. 1922 - d. 2008) 1 Jul 1983 - 30 Jun 1987 Paul X. Kelley (b. 1928 - d. 2019) 1 Jul 1987 - 30 Jun 1991 Alfred "Al" M. Gray, Jr. (b. 1928 - d. 2024) 1 Jul 1991 - 30 Jun 1995 Carl E. Mundy, Jr. (b. 1935 - d. 2014) 1 Jul 1995 - 30 Jun 1999 Charles "Chuck" C. Krulak (b. 1942) 1 Jul 1999 - 13 Jan 2003 James L. Jones (b. 1943) 13 Jan 2003 - 13 Nov 2006 Michael W. Hagee (b. 1944) 13 Nov 2006 - 22 Oct 2010 James T. Conway (b. 1947) 22 Oct 2010 - 17 Oct 2014 James F. Amos (b. 1946) 17 Oct 2014 - 24 Sep 2015 Joseph F. Dunford, Jr. (b. 1955) 24 Sep 2015 - 11 Jul 2019 Robert B. Neller (b. 1953) 11 Jul 2019 - 10 Jul 2023 David H. Berger (b. 1959) 10 Jul 2023 - Eric M. Smith (b. 1964?) (acting to 22 Sep 2023) 30 Oct 2023 - 3 Nov 2023 Karsten S. Heckl (acting for Smith)(b. 1964) 3 Nov 2023 - Christopher J. Mahoney (b. 1965) (acting for Smith)

Marine Corps Women's Reserve (MCWR)

29 Jan 1943 Marine Corps Women's Reserve (MCWR) created. 12 Jun 1948 Renamed Women Marines. 1 Jul 1977 Dis-established, women integrated into the regular Marines.

Directors of Women Marines 29 Jan 1943 - 7 Dec 1945 Ruth Cheney Streeter (f) (b. 1895 - d. 1990) 7 Dec 1945 - 12 Jun 1946 Katherine Amelia Towle (f) (b. 1898 - d. 1986) (1st time) 12 Jun 1946 - 3 Sep 1948 Julia Estelle Hamblet (f)(1st time)(b. 1916 - d. 2017) 4 Sep 1948 - 30 Apr 1953 Katherine Amelia Towle (f) (s.a.) (2nd time) 1 May 1953 - 2 Mar 1959 Julia Estelle Hamblet (f)(2nd time)(s.a.) 2 Mar 1959 - 2 Jan 1964 Margaret Monroe Henderson (f) (b. 1911 - d. 2004) 3 Jan 1964 - 1 Feb 1969 Barbara Janet Bishop (f) (b. 1920 - d. 2005) 1 Feb 1969 - 31 Jan 1973 Jeanette I. Sustad (f) (b. 1922 - d. 1978) 1 Feb 1973 - 30 Jun 1977 Margaret A. Brewer (f) (b. 1930 - d. 2013)

¹The resolution of Congress on 10 Nov 1775 provided for a colonel to command two battalions of Marines authorized, but the highest rank received by any Marine during the revolution was major. Samuel Nicholas (s.a.) was appointed "Captain of Marines" on 28 Nov 1775, and promoted to major on 25 Jun 1776. Because of his senior status among other Marine officers of the Revolution, he is numbered as the first Commandant. In August 1781 Major Nicholas returned to private life. By the summer of 1781 there were only three Marine captains and three lieutenants on active duty, and the overall organization had ceased to exist.

Department of the Air Force

[U.S. Air Force flag]
Adopted 26 Mar 1951

U.S. Air Force

28 Aug 1918 - 23 Nov 1918 Second Assistant Secretary of War for Aeronautics. 20 Feb 1926 - 1933 Office of Assistant Secretary of War forAeronautics. 10 Apr 1941- 17 Sep 1947 Office of Assistant Secretary of War (Air)(from 28 Jul 1942, Assistant Secretary of War for Air). 18 Sep 1947 Department of the Air Force created as a branch of the Department of Defense.

Second Assistant Secretary of War forAeronautics28 Aug 1918 - 23 Nov 1918 John Dennis Ryan (b. 1864 - d. 1933) 23 Nov 1918 - 20 Feb 1926 Post abolishedAssistant Secretary of War for Aeronautics 20 Feb 1926 - 15 Dec 1932 Frederick Trubee Davison (b. 1896 - d. 1874)15 Dec 1932 - 10 Apr 1941 Vacant Assistant Secretaries of War (Air)(from 28 Jul 1942,Assistant Secretaries of War for Air) 10 Apr 1941 - 31 Jan 1946 Robert A. Lovett (b. 1895 - d. 1986) 31 Jan 1946 - 17 Sep 1947 William Stuart Symington (b. 1901 - d. 1988) Secretaries of theAir Force 18 Sep 1947 - 24 Apr 1950 William Stuart Symington (s.a.) 24 Apr 1950 - 20 Jan 1953 Thomas K. Finletter (b. 1893 - d. 1980) 20 Jan 1953 - 4 Feb 1953 Roswell L. Gilpatric (acting) (b. 1906 - d. 1996) 4 Feb 1953 - 13 Aug 1955 Harold Elstner Talbott (b. 1888 - d. 1957) 15 Aug 1955 - 30 Apr 1957 Donald Aubrey Quarles (b. 1894 - d. 1959) 1 May 1957 - 10 Dec 1959 James Henderson Douglas, Jr. (b. 1899 - d. 1988) 11 Dec 1959 - 20 Jan 1961 Dudley Crawford Sharp (b. 1905 - d. 1987) 24 Jan 1961 - 30 Sep 1965 Eugene M. Zuckert (b. 1911 - d. 2000) 1 Oct 1965 - 14 Feb 1969 Harold Brown (b. 1927 - d. 2019) 15 Feb 1969 - 14 May 1973 Robert C. Seamans, Jr. (b. 1918 - d. 2008) 15 May 1973 - 23 Nov 1975 John L. McLucas (b. 1920 - d. 2002) (acting to 18 Jul 1973) 24 Nov 1975 - 1 Jan 1976 James W. Plummer (acting) (b. 1920 - d. 2013) 2 Jan 1976 - 6 Apr 1977 Thomas C. Reed (b. 1934 - d. 2024) 6 Apr 1977 - 18 May 1979 John C. Stetson (b. 1920 - d. 2007) 18 May 1979 - 9 Feb 1981 Hans M. Mark (b. 1929 - d. 2021) (acting to 26 Jul 1979) 9 Feb 1981 - 30 Nov 1985 Verne Orr (b. 1916 - d. 2008) 30 Nov 1985 - 6 Dec 1985 Edward "Pete" C. Aldridge, Jr. (b. 1938) (1st time)(acting) 6 Dec 1985 - 7 Apr 1986 Russell A. Rourke (b. 1931 - d. 2003) 8 Apr 1986 - 16 Dec 1988 Edward "Pete" C. Aldridge, Jr. (s.a.) (acting to 8 Jun 1986)(2nd time) 16 Dec 1988 - 29 Apr 1989 James F. McGovern (acting) (b. 1946) 29 Apr 1989 - 21 May 1989 John J. Welch, Jr. (acting) (b. 1930 - d. 2010) 22 May 1989 - 20 Jan 1993 Donald B. Rice (b. 1939) 20 Jan 1993 - 13 Jul 1993 Michael B. Donley (1st time) (b. 1952) (acting) 14 Jul 1993 - 5 Aug 1993 Merrill A. McPeak (acting) (b. 1936) 6 Aug 1993 - 31 Oct 1997 Sheila Evans Widnall (f) (b. 1938) 1 Nov 1997 - 20 Jan 2001 F. Whitten Peters (b. 1946) (acting to 3 Aug 1999) 20 Jan 2001 - 31 May 2001 Lawrence J. Delaney (acting) (b. 1935) 1 Jun 2001 - 20 Jan 2005 James G. Roche (b. 1939) 20 Jan 2005 - 25 Mar 2005 Peter B. Teets (acting) (b. 1942) 25 Mar 2005 - 28 Mar 2005 Michael Montelongo (acting) (b. 1955) 28 Mar 2005 - 28 Jul 2005 Michael L. Dominguez (acting) (b. 1953) 29 Jul 2005 - 3 Nov 2005 Preston "Pete" M. Geren (acting) (b. 1952) 3 Nov 2005 - 20 Jun 2008 Michael W. Wynne (b. 1944) 21 Jun 2008 - 20 Jun 2013 Michael B. Donley (2nd time) (s.a.) (acting to 2 Oct 2008) 21 Jun 2013 - 20 Dec 2013 Eric K. Fanning (acting) (b. 1968) 20 Dec 2013 - 20 Jan 2017 Deborah Lee James (f) (b. 1958) 20 Jan 2017 - 16 May 2017 Lisa S. Disbrow (f) (acting) (b. 1962) 16 May 2017 - 31 May 2019 Heather A. Wilson (f) (b. 1960) 1 Jun 2019 -18 Oct 2019 Matthew P. Donovan (acting) (b. 1958) 18 Oct 2019 - 19 Jan 2021 Barbara McConnell Barrett (f) (b. 1950) 20 Jan 2021 -28 Jul 2021 John P. Roth (acting) (b. 1952?) 28 Jul 2021 - Frank Kendall III (b. 1949)

Air Force

Army Air Corps 1941 - 1947

[Chief of Staff of the U.S. Air Force flag]

Air Force Chief of Staff Flag

1 Aug 1907 Aeronautical Division, U.S. Signal Corps established. 18 Jul 1914 Renamed Aviation Section, U.S. Signal Corps. 21 May 1918 Separated from Signal Corps and divided into the Division of Military Aeronautics (under Secretary of War) and the Bureau ofAircraft Production. 27 Aug 1918 Reunified as the Army Air Service. 2 Jul 1926 Renamed Air Corps. 20 Jun 1941 Army Air Forces. 9 Mar 1942 Post of Commanding General, Army Air Forces created. 18 Sep 1947 U.S. Air Force a separate branch of Department of Defense.

Chiefs, Aeronautical Division, U.S. Signal Corps 1 Aug 1907 - 30 Jun 1910 Charles deForest Chandler (b. 1878 - d. 1939) (1st time) 1 Jul 1910 - 19 Jun 1911 Arthur S. Cowan (b. 1875 - d. 1957) 20 Jun 1911 - 18 Nov 1912 Charles deForest Chandler (s.a.) (2nd time) 18 Nov 1912 - 15 Dec 1912 Henry Harley "Hap" Arnold (b. 1886 - d. 1950) 15 Dec 1912 - 10 Sep 1913 Edgar Russell (b. 1862 - d. 1925) 10 Sep 1913 - 18 Jul 1914 Samuel Reber (b. 1869 - d. 1933) Chiefs, Aviation Section, U.S. Signal Corps 18 Jul 1914 - 5 May 1916 Samuel Reber (s.a.) 5 May 1916 - 20 May 1916 William "Billy" L. Mitchel (acting)(b. 1879 - d. 1936) 20 May 1916 - 19 Feb 1917 George Owen Squier (b. 1865 - d. 1934) 19 Feb 1917 - 30 Jul 1917 John B. Bennet (b. 1865 - d. 1930) 30 Jul 1917 - 12 Nov 1917 Benjamin Delahauf Foulois (b. 1879 - d. 1967) 12 Nov 1917 - 27 Feb 1918 Alexander L. Dade (b. 1863 - d. 1927) 28 Feb 1918 - 21 May 1918 Laurence C. Brown Director of Military Aeronautics 27 Apr 1918 - 27 Aug 1918 William Lacy Kenly (b. 1865 - d. 1928) Chief, Bureau of Aircraft Production 21 May 1918 - 27 Aug 1918 John Dennis Ryan (b. 1864 - d. 1933) Directors of Air Service 27 Aug 1918 - 23 Dec 1918 John Dennis Ryan (s.a.) 2 Jan 1919 - 4 Jun 1920 Charles Thomas Menoher (b. 1862 - d. 1930) Chiefs of Air Service 4 Jun 1920 - 4 Oct 1921 Charles Thomas Menoher (s.a.) 5 Oct 1921 - 2 Jul 1926 Mason Matthews Patrick (b. 1863 - d. 1942) Chiefs of Air Corps 2 Jul 1926 - 13 Dec 1927 Mason Matthews Patrick (b. 1863 - d. 1942) 14 Dec 1927 - 19 Dec 1931 James Edmond Fechet (b. 1877 - d. 1948) 20 Dec 1931 - 21 Dec 1935 Benjamin Delahauf Foulois (s.a.) 22 Dec 1935 - 21 Sep 1938 Oscar M. Westover (b. 1883 - d. 1938) 22 Sep 1938 - 20 May 1941 Henry Harley "Hap" Arnold (s.a.)30 May 1941 - 20 Jun 1941 George H. Brett (b. 1886 - d. 1963) Chief, Army Air Forces 20 Jun 1941 - 9 Mar 1942 Henry Harley "Hap" Arnold (s.a.) Commanding Generals, Army Air Forces 9 Mar 1942 - 9 Feb 1946 Henry Harley "Hap" Arnold (s.a.) 9 Feb 1946 - 18 Sep 1947 Carl Andrew Spaatz (b. 1891 - d. 1974) Chiefs of Staff of the U.S. Air Force 18 Sep 1947 - 30 Apr 1948 Carl Andrew Spaatz (s.a.) 30 Apr 1948 - 30 Jun 1953 Hoyt Sanford Vandenberg (b. 1899 - d. 1954) 30 Jun 1953 - 30 Jun 1957 Nathan Farragut Twining (b. 1897 - d. 1982) 1 Jul 1957 - 30 Jun 1961 Thomas Desser White (b. 1901 - d. 1965) 30 Jun 1961 - 31 Jan 1965 Curtis Emerson LeMay (b. 1906 - d. 1990) 1 Feb 1965 - 1 Aug 1969 John Paul McConnell (b. 1908 - d. 1986) 1 Aug 1969 - 31 Jul 1973 John Dale Ryan (b. 1915 - d. 1983) 1 Aug 1973 - 30 Jun 1974 George Scratchley Brown (b. 1918 - d. 1978) 1 Jul 1974 - 20 Jun 1978 David C. Jones (b. 1921 - d. 2013) 20 Jun 1978 - 30 Jun 1982 Lew Allen, Jr. (b. 1925 - d. 2010) (acting to 1 Jul 1978) 1 Jul 1982 - 30 Jun 1986 Charles A. Gabriel (b. 1928 - d. 2003) 1 Jul 1986 - 30 Jun 1990 Larry D. Welch (b. 1934) 1 Jul 1990 - 17 Sep 1990 Michael J. Dugan (b. 1937) 17 Sep 1990 - 27 Oct 1990 John M. Loh (acting) (b. 1938) 27 Oct 1990 - 25 Oct 1994 Merrill A. McPeak (b. 1936) 26 Oct 1994 - 1 Sep 1997 Ronald R. Fogleman (b. 1942) 2 Sep 1997 - 5 Oct 1997 Ralph E. "Ed" Eberhart (acting) (b. 1946) 6 Oct 1997 - 6 Sep 2001 Michael E. Ryan (b. 1941) 6 Sep 2001 - 2 Sep 2005 John P. Jumper (b. 1945) 2 Sep 2005 - 1 Aug 2008 T. Michael "Buzz" Moseley (b. 1949) 1 Aug 2008 - 12 Aug 2008 Duncan J. McNabb (acting) (b. 1952)12 Aug 2008 - 10 Aug 2012 Norton A. Schwartz (b. 1951)10 Aug 2012 - 1 Jul 2016 Mark A. Welsh III (b. 1954) 1 Jul 2016 - 6 Aug 2020 David L. Goldfein (b. 1959) 6 Aug 2020 - 29 Sep 2023 Charles Q. Brown, Jr. (b. 1962)29 Sep 2023 - David W. Allvin (b. 1963) (acting to 2 Nov 2023)

Women's Airforce Service Pilots (WASP) (Women in the Air Force)

10 Sep 1942 Women's Auxiliary Ferrying Squadron (WAFS). 15 Sep 1942 Women's Flying Training Detachment (WFTD). 5 Aug 1943 Women's Airforce Service Pilots (WASP) formed consolidating the WAFS and WFTD. 20 Dec 1944 WASP's disbanded. 12 Jun 1948 Women in the Air Force (WAF) created. 31 Jul 1976 WAF disestablished, women integrated into regular Air Force.

Commander of the Women's Auxiliary Ferrying Squadron 11 Sep 1942 - 4 Aug 1943 Nancy Harkness Love (f) (b. 1914 - d. 1976) Commander of the Women's Flying Training Detachment 15 Sep 1942 - 5 Aug 1943 Jacqueline Cochran (f) (b. 1906 - d. 1980) Commander of the Women's Air Force Service Pilots 5 Aug 1943 - 20 Dec 1944 Jacqueline Cochran (f) (s.a.) Directors of Women in the Air Force 16 Jun 1948 - 29 May 1951 Geraldine Pratt May (f) (b. 1895 - d. 1997) 29 May 1951 - 1 Jan 1954 Mary Josephine "Jo" Shelly (f) (b. 1907 - d. 1979) 1 Jan 1954 - 26 Aug 1957 Phyllis Dunsmore-Smith Gray (f) (b. 1901 - d. 19..)26 Aug1957 - Sep 1961 Emma Jane Riley (f) (b. 1914 - d. 1999) Sep 1961 - 1 Nov 1965 Elizabeth"Betty"Ann Ray (f) (b. 1913 - d. 2011) 1 Nov 1965 - 1 Mar 1973 Jeanne Marjorie Holm (f) (b. 1921 - d. 2010) Mar 1973 - Apr 1975 Billie Marie Bobbitt (f) (b. 1923 - d. 2013) Apr 1975 - 31 Jul 1976 Bianca D. Trimeloni (f) (b. 1927 - d. 1989)

U.S. Space Force

[Flag of the U.S. Space
Force (U.S.)]
Adopted 15 May 2020

20 Dec 2019 U.S. Space Force (USSF) established (from U.S. Space Command and Air Force Space Command).

Chiefs of Space Operations (subordinate to the Secretary of the Air Force) 20 Dec 2019 - 2 Nov 2022 John "Jay" W. Raymond (b. 1962) 2 Nov 2022 - B. Chance Saltzman (b. 1969)

World-regional commands

Africa Command (AFRICOM)

[U.S. Africa Command
(AFRICOM)]

Commanders, U.S. Africa Command 26 Feb 2007 - 30 Sep 2007 Robert T. Moeller (acting) (b. 1951 - d. 2011) 1 Oct 2007 - 9 Mar 2011 William "Kip" E. Ward (b. 1949) 9 Mar 2011 - 5 Apr 2013 Carter F. Ham (b. 1952) 5 Apr 2013 - 18 Jul 2016 David M. Rodriguez (b. 1954) 18 Jul 2016 -26 Jul 2019 Thomas D. Waldhauser (b. 1953) 26 Jul 2019 - 9 Aug 2022 Stephen J. Townsend (b. 1959) 9 Aug 2022 - Michael E. Langley (b. 1962?)

Central Command (CENTCOM)

[U.S. Central Command
(CENTCOM)]

Commanders-in-chief, U.S. Central Command 1 Jan 1983 - 27 Nov 1985 Robert C. Kingston (b. 1928 - d. 2007) 27 Nov 1985 - 23 Nov 1988 George B. Crist (b. 1931 - d. 2024) 23 Nov 1988 - 9 Aug 1991 H. Norman Schwarzkopf (b. 1934 - d. 2012) 9 Aug 1991 - 5 Aug 1994 Joseph P. Hoar (b. 1934 - d. 2022) 5 Aug 1994 - 13 Aug 1997 James Henry Binford "Binnie" (b. 1940) Peay III 13 Aug 1997 - 6 Jul 2000 Anthony Zinni (b. 1947) 6 Jul 2000 - 7 Jul 2003 Tommy Ray Franks (b. 1945) 7 Jul 2003 - 24 Oct 2002 John P. Abizaid (b. 1951) Commanders, U.S. Central Command24 Oct 2002 - 16 Mar 2007 John P. Abizaid (s.a.) 16 Mar 2007 - 28 Mar 2008 William J. Fallon (b. 1944) 28 Mar 2008 - 31 Oct 2008 Martin E. Dempsey (acting) (b. 1952) 31 Oct 2008 - 30 Jun 2010 David H. Petraeus (b. 1952) 30 Jun 2010 - 11 Aug 2010 John R. Allen (acting) (b. 1953) 11 Aug 2010 - 22 Mar 2013 James N. Mattis (b. 1950) 22 Mar 2013 - 30 Mar 2016 Lloyd J. Austin III (b. 1953) 30 Mar 2016 -28 Mar 2019 Joseph L. Votel (b. 1958) 28 Mar 2019 - 1 Apr 2022 Kenneth F. McKenzie, Jr. (b. 1957) 1 Apr 2022 - Michael E. Kurilla (b. 1966)

European Command (EUCOM)

Commanders-in-chief,European Command 15 Mar 1947 - 23 Aug 1949 Lucius D. Clay (b. 1898 - d. 1978) 12 Aug 1949 - 1 Aug 1952 Thomas T. Handy (b. 1892 - d. 1982) 1 Aug 1952 - 11 Jul 1953 Matthew B. Ridgway (b. 1895 - d. 1993) 11 Jul 1953 - 20 Nov 1956 Alfred M. Gruenther (b. 1899 - d. 1983) 20 Nov 1956 - 1 Nov 1962 Lauris Norstad (b. 1907 - d. 1988) 1 Nov 1962 - 5 May 1969 Lyman L. Lemnitzer (b. 1899 - d. 1988) 5 May 1969 - 1 Nov 1974 Andrew J. Goodpaster (b. 1915 - d. 2005) 1 Nov 1974 - 27 Jun 1979 Alexander M. Haig, Jr. (b. 1924 - d. 2010) 27 Jun 1979 - 25 Jun 1987 Bernard Rogers (b. 1921 - d. 2008) 25 Jun 1987 - 23 Jun 1992 John R. Galvin (b. 1929 - d. 2015) 23 Jun 1992 - 21 Oct 1993 John M. Shalikashvili (b. 1936 - d. 2011) 21 Oct 1993 - 10 Jul 1997 George A. Joulwan (b. 1939) 10 Jul 1997 - 2 May 2000 Wesley K. Clark (b. 1944) 2 May 2000 - 24 Oct 2002 Joseph W. Ralston (b. 1943) Commanders, U.S. European Command24 Oct 2002 - 16 Jan 2003 Joseph W. Ralston (s.a.) 16 Jan 2003 - 4 Dec 2006 James L. Jones (b. 1943) 4 Dec 2006 - 30 Jun 2009 Bantz J. Craddock (b. 1949) 30 Jun 2009 - 10 May 2013 James G. Stavridis (b. 1955) 10 May 2013 - 3 May 2016 Philip M. Breedlove (b. 1955) 3 May 2016 - 2 May 2019 Curtis M. Scaparrotti (b. 1956) 2 May 2019 - 1 Jul 2022 Tod D. Wolters (b. 1960) 1 Jul 2022 - Christopher G. Cavoli (b. 1964)

Indo-Pacific Command

[U.S. Pacific Command
(PACOM)]

1 Jan 1947 U.S. Pacific Command (PACOM). 30 May 2018 U.S. Indo-Pacific Command (INDOPACOM).

Commanders-in-chief, U.S. Pacific Command 1 Jan 1947 - 28 Feb 1947 John H. Towers (b. 1885 - d. 1955) 28 Feb 1947 - 3 Dec 1947 Louis E. Denfeld (b. 1891 - d. 1972) 3 Dec 1947 - 30 Apr 1949 DeWitt C. Ramsey (b. 1888 - d. 1961) 30 Apr 1949 - 10 Jul 1953 Arthur W. Radford (b. 1896 - d. 1973) 10 Jul 1953 - 31 Jul 1958 Felix B. Stump (b. 1894 - d. 1972) 31 Jul 1958 - 30 Jun 1964 Harry D. Felt (b. 1902 - d. 1992) 30 Jun 1964 - 31 Jul 1968 Ulysses S. Grant Sharp (b. 1906 - d. 2001) 31 Jul 1968 - 1 Sep 1972 John S. McCain, Jr. (b. 1911 - d. 1981) 1 Sep 1972 - 30 Aug 1976 Noel A.M. Gayler (b. 1913 - d. 2011) 30 Aug 1976 - 31 Oct 1979 Maurice F. Weisner (b. 1917 - d. 2006) 31 Oct 1979 - 1 Jul 1983 Robert L.J. Long (b. 1920 - d. 2002) 1 Jul 1983 - 18 Sep 1985 William J. Crowe, Jr. (b. 1925 - d. 2007) 18 Sep 1985 - 30 Sep 1988 Ronald J. Hays, Jr. (b. 1928 - d. 2021) 30 Sep 1988 - 1 Mar 1991 Huntington Hardisty (b. 1929 - d. 2003) 1 Mar 1991 - 11 Jul 1994 Charles R. Larson (b. 1936 - d. 2014) 11 Jul 1994 - 19 Jul 1994 Harold T. Fields, Jr. (b. 1938) 19 Jul 1994 - 31 Jan 1996 Richard C. Macke (b. 1938 - d. 2022) 31 Jan 1996 - 20 Feb 1999 Joseph W. Prueher (b. 1942) 20 Feb 1999 - 2 May 2002 Dennis C. Blair (b. 1947) 2 May 2002 - 24 Oct 2002 Thomas B. Fargo (b. 1948) Commanders, U.S. Pacific Command24 Oct 2002 - 26 Feb 2005 Thomas B. Fargo (s.a.) 26 Feb 2005 - 12 Mar 2007 William J. Fallon (b. 1944) 12 Mar 2007 - 26 Mar 2007 Daniel P. "Fig" Leaf (acting) (b. 1952) 26 Mar 2007 - 19 Oct 2009 Timothy J. Keating (b. 1948) 19 Oct 2009 - 9 Mar 2012 Robert F. Willard (b. 1950) 9 Mar 2012 - 27 May 2015 Samuel J. Locklear III (b. 1954) 27 May 2015 - 30 May 2018 Harry B. Harris, Jr. (b. 1956)Commanders, U.S. Indo-Pacific Command 30 May 2018 -30 Apr 2021 Philip "Phil" S. Davidson (b. 1960) 30 Apr 2021 - John C. Aquilino (b. 1961)

Alaskan Command (ALCOM)

1 Jan 1947 Alaskan Command (ALCOM).
1 Jul 1975 Dis-established, transferred to U.S. Pacific Command. 1 Oct 2002 Alaska included in U.S. Northern Command (but Alaskan command forces remain underU.S. Pacific Command).

Commanders-in-chief, Alaskan Command 1 Jan 1947 - 17 Oct 1947 Howard A. "Pinky" Craig (b. 1897 - d. 1977) 17 Oct 1947 - 1 Jul 1950 Nathan F. Twining (b. 1897 - d. 1982) 1 Jul 1950 - 1 Mar 1953 William E. Kepner (b. 1893 - d. 1982) 1 Mar 1953 - 1 Oct 1956 Joseph A. Atkinson (b. 1900 - d. 1984) 1 Oct 1956 - 1 Aug 1961 Frank A. Armstrong, Jr. (b. 1902 - d. 1969) 1 Aug 1961 - 1 Aug 1963 George W. Mundy (b. 1905 - d. 2000) 1 Aug 1963 - 28 Jul 1966 Raymond J. Reeves (b. 1909 - d. 1998) 28 Jul 1966 - 3 Jun 1967 Glen R. Birchard (b. 1914 - d. 1967) 29 Jun 1967 - 1 Aug 1969 Robert A. Breitweiser (b. 1916 - d. 2007) 1 Aug 1969 - 1 Aug 1972 Robert G. Ruegg (b. 1914 - d. 2009) 1 Aug 1972 - 1 Sep 1974 James C. Sherrill (b. 1920 - d. 2000) 1 Sep 1974 - 1 Jul 1975 James E. Hill (b. 1921 - d. 1999)

Far Eastern Command (FECOM)

1 Jan 1947 Far Eastern Command (FECOM). 1 Jul 1957 Dis-established, functions assumed by U.S. Pacific Command.

Commanders-in-chief, Far Eastern Command (in Tokyo, Japan) 1 Jan 1947 - 11 Apr 1951 Douglas MacArthur (b. 1880 - d. 1964) 11 Apr 1951 - 12 May 1952 Matthew B. Ridgway (b. 1895 - d. 1993) 12 May 1952 - 7 Oct 1953 Mark W. Clark (b. 1896 - d. 1984) 7 Oct 1953 - 1 Apr 1955 John E. Hull (b. 1895 - d. 1975) 1 Apr 1955 - 5 Jun 1955 Maxwell D. Taylor (b. 1901 - d. 1987) 5 Jun 1955 - 1 Jul 1957 Lyman L. Lemnitzer (b. 1899 - d. 1988)

Northern Command (NORTHCOM)

Commander-in-chief, U.S. Northern Command 1 Oct 2002 - 24 Oct 2002 Ralph E. "Ed" Eberhart (b. 1946)Commanders, U.S. Northern Command 24 Oct 2002 - 5 Nov 2004 Ralph E. "Ed" Eberhart (s.a.) 5 Nov 2004 - 23 Mar 2007 Timothy J. Keating (b. 1948)23 Mar 2007 - 19 May 2010 Victor E. "Gene" Renuart, Jr. (b. 1949)19 May 2010 - 3 Aug 2011 James A. Winnefeld, Jr. (b. 1956) 3 Auy 2011 - 5 Dec 2014 Charles H. Jacoby, Jr. (b. 1954) 5 Dec 2014 - 13 May 2016 William E. Gortney (b. 1955)13 May 2016 - 24 May 2018 Lori J. Robinson (f) (b. 1959) 24 May 2018 - 20 Aug 2020 Terrence J. O'Shaughnessy (b. 1964) 20 Aug 2020 - Glen D. VanHerck (b. 1962)

Southern Command (SOUTHCOM)

[U.S. Southern Command
(SOUTHCOM)]

1 Jul 1917 Panama Canal Department. 10 Feb 1941 Caribbean Defense Command. 1 Nov 1947 U.S. Caribbean Command. 6 Jun 1963 U.S. Southern Command.

Commanders-in-chief, Panama Canal Department 1 Jul 1917 - 14 Aug 1917 Edward H. Plummer (b. 1855 - d. 1927) 14 Aug 1917 - 31 Aug 1917 Adelbert Cronkhite (b. 1861 - d. 1937) 31 Aug 1917 - 28 Feb 1918 George F. Landers (b. 1865 - d. 1939) 28 Feb 1918 - 18 Apr 1919 Richard M. Blatchford (b. 1859 - d. 1934) 18 Apr 1919 - 24 May 1921 Chase W. Kennedy (b. 1859 - d. 1936) 24 May 1921 - 22 Oct 1921 Edwin B. Babbitt (b. 1862 - d. 1939) 22 Oct 1921 - 19 Sep 1924 Samuel D. Sturgis (b. 1861 - d. 1933) 19 Sep 1924 - 13 Jun 1926 William Lassiter (b. 1867 - d. 1959) 13 Jun 1926 - 2 Oct 1927 Charles H. Martin (b. 1863 - d. 1946) 2 Oct 1927 - 1 Apr 1928 William S. Graves (b. 1865 - d. 1940) 1 Apr 1928 - 10 Aug 1930 Malin Craig (b. 1875 - d. 1945) 10 Aug 1930 - 24 Nov 1930 George LeRoy Irwin (b. 1868 - d. 1931) 24 Nov 1930 - 5 Sep 1933 Preston Brown (b. 1872 - d. 1948) 5 Sep 1933 - 10 Nov 1935 Harold B. Fiske (b. 1871 - d. 1960) 10 Nov 1935 - 30 Jul 1936 Lytle Brown (b. 1872 - d. 1951) 30 Jul 1936 - 10 Feb 1937 Henry W. Butner (b. 1875 - d. 1937) 10 Feb 1937 - 12 Apr 1937 Frank W. Rowell (b. 1880 - d. 1947) 12 Apr 1937 - 8 Jan 1940 David L. Stone (b. 1876 - d. 1959) 8 Jan 1940 - 10 Feb 1941 Daniel Van Voorhis (b. 1878 - d. 1956) Commanders-in-chief, Caribbean Defense Command 10 Feb 1941 - 19 Sep 1941 Daniel Van Voorhis (s.a.) 9 Sep 1941 - 9 Nov 1942 Frank M. Andrews (b. 1884 - d. 1943) 9 Nov 1942 - 15 Oct 1945 George Howard Brett (b. 1886 - d. 1963) 15 Oct 1945 - 1 Nov 1947 Willis D. Crittenberger (b. 1890 - d. 1980) Commanders-in-chief, U.S. Caribbean Command 1 Nov 1947 - 28 Jun 1948 Willis D. Crittenberger (s.a.) 28 Jun 1948 - 1 Oct 1949 Matthew B. Ridgway (b. 1895 - d. 1993) 1 Oct 1949 - 1 Apr 1952 William H.H. Morris, Jr. (b. 1890 - d. 1971) 1 Apr 1952 - 15 Jun 1954 Horace L. McBride (b. 1894 - d. 1962) 15 Jun 1954 - 5 Jan 1957 William K. Harrison, Jr. (b. 1895 - d. 1987) 5 Jan 1957 - 20 Feb 1958 Robert M. Montague (b. 1899 - d. 1958) 20 Feb 1958 - 1 Apr 1958 Truman H. Landon (acting) (b. 1905 - d. 1986) 1 Apr 1958 - 15 Jul 1960 Ridgely Gaither (b. 1903 - d. 1992) 15 Jul 1960 - 1 Feb 1961 Robert F. Sink (b. 1905 - d. 1965) 1 Feb 1961 - 6 Jun 1963 Andrew P. O'Meara (b. 1907 - d. 2005) Commanders-in-chief, U.S. Southern Command. 6 Jun 1963 - 22 Feb 1965 Andrew P. O'Meara (s.a.) 22 Feb 1965 - 18 Feb 1969 Robert W. Porter, Jr. (b. 1908 - d. 2000) 18 Feb 1969 - 20 Sep 1971 George R. Mather (b. 1911 - d. 1993) 20 Sep 1971 - 17 Jan 1973 George V. Underwood, Jr. (b. 1913 - d. 1984) 17 Jan 1973 - 1 Aug 1975 William B. Rosson (b. 1918 - d. 2004) 1 Aug 1975 - 1 Oct 1979 Dennis P. McAuliffe (b. 1922 - d. 2012) 1 Oct 1979 - 24 May 1983 Wallace H. Nutting (b. 1928 - d. 2023) 24 May 1983 - 1 Mar 1985 Paul F. Gorman (b. 1927) 1 Mar 1985 - 6 Jun 1987 John R. Galvin (b. 1929 - d. 2015) 6 Jun 1987 - 1 Oct 1989 Frederick F. Woerner, Jr. (b. 1933 - d. 2023) 1 Oct 1989 - 21 Nov 1990 Maxwell R. Thurman (b. 1931 - d. 1995) 21 Nov 1990 - 15 Oct 1993 George A. Joulwan (b. 1939) 15 Oct 1993 - 17 Feb 1993 Walter T. Worthington (acting) (b. 1942 - d. 2004) 17 Feb 1994 - 1 Mar 1996 Barry R. McCaffrey (b. 1942) 1 Mar 1996 - 26 Jun 1996 James B. Perkins III (acting) (b. 1942 - d. 2021) 26 Jun 1996 - 13 Jul 1997 Wesley K. Clark (b. 1944) 13 Jul 1997 - 25 Sep 1997 Walter F. Doran (acting) (b. 1945) 25 Sep 1997 - 8 Sep 2000 Charles E. Wilhelm (b. 1941) 8 Sep 2000 - 30 Sep 2001 Peter Pace (b. 1945) 30 Sep 2001 - 18 Aug 2002 Gary D. Speer (acting) (b. 1950) 18 Aug 2002 - 24 Oct 2002 James T. Hill (b. 1946) Commanders, U.S. Southern Command24 Oct 2002 - 9 Nov 2004 James T. Hill (s.a.) 9 Nov 2004 - 19 Oct 2006 Bantz J. Craddock (b. 1949) 19 Oct 2006 - 25 Jun 2009 James G. Stavridis (b. 1955) 25 Jun 2009 - 19 Nov 2012 Douglas M. Fraser (b. 1953) 19 Nov 2012 - 14 Jan 2016 John F. Kelly (b. 1950) 14 Jan 2016 -26 Nov 2018 Kurt W. Tidd (b. 1956) 26 Nov 2018 - 29 Oct 2021 Craig S. Faller (b. 1961) 29 Oct 2021 - Laura J. Richardson (f) (b. 1963)

Space Command (USSPACECOM)

1985 - 1 Oct 2002 Adopted 29 Aug 2019

23 Sep 1985 United States Space Command (USSPACECOM). 1 Oct 2002 Dis-established, functions assumed byU.S. Strategic Command (STRATCOM). 29 Aug 2019 United States Space Command (SPACECOM)[not the lineal successor ofUSSPACECOM].

Commanders-in-chief, United States Space Command 23 Sep 1985 - 5 Feb 1987 Robert Tralles Herres (b. 1921 - d. 2008) 6 Feb 1987 - 30 Mar 1990 John L. "Pete" Piotrowski (b. 1934) 1 Apr 1990 - 30 Jun 1992 Donald J. Kutyna (b. 1933) 30 Jun 1992 - 12 Sep 1994 Charles "Chuck" A. Horner (b. 1936) 13 Sep 1994 - 26 Aug 1996 Joseph W. Ashy (b. 1940) 27 Aug 1996 - 13 Aug 1998 Howell M. Estes III (b. 1941) 14 Aug 1998 - 22 Feb 2000 Richard B. Myers (b. 1942) 22 Feb 2000 - 1 Oct 2002 Ralph E. "Ed" Eberhart (b. 1946) 1 Oct 2002 - 29 Aug 2019 dis-establishedCommanders, United States Space Command 29 Aug 2019 - 20 Aug 2020 John "Jay" W. Raymond (b. 1962) 20 Aug 2020 - 10 Jan 2024 James H. Dickinson (b. 1963?) 10 Jan 2024 - Stephen N. Whiting (b. 1967)

Atlantic and Joint Forces Commands (JFCOM)

1993 - 1999

1999 - 2011

1 Dec 1947 Atlantic Command (LANTCOM). 1 Oct 1993 U.S. Atlantic Command(USACOM). 7 Oct 1999 Reorganized as U.S. Joint Forces Command (JFCOM). 31 Aug 2011 Dis-established, essential functions reassigned to other unified combatant commands.

Commanders-in-chief, Atlantic Command(and also 10 Apr 1952 - 4 Oct 1985, NATO Supreme Allied Commanders, Atlantic [SACLANT]) 1 Dec 1947 - 1 Feb 1950 William H.P. Blandy (b. 1890 - d. 1954) 1 Feb 1950 - 15 Aug 1951 William M. Fechteler (b. 1896 - d. 1967) 15 Aug 1951 - 12 Apr 1954 Lynde D. McCormick (b. 1895 - d. 1956) 12 Apr 1954 - 28 Feb 1960 Jerauld Wright (b. 1898 - d. 1995) 28 Feb 1960 - 30 Apr 1963 Robert L. Dennison (b. 1901 - d. 1980) 30 Apr 1963 - 30 Apr 1965 Harold Page Smith (b. 1904 - d. 1993) 30 Apr 1965 - 17 Jun 1967 Thomas H. Moorer (b. 1912 - d. 2004) 17 Jun 1967 - 30 Sep 1970 Ephraim P. Holmes (b. 1908 - d. 1997) 30 Sep 1970 - 31 Oct 1972 Charles K. Duncan (b. 1911 - d. 1994) 31 Oct 1972 - 30 May 1975 Ralph W. Cousins (b. 1915 - d. 2009) 30 May 1975 - 30 Sep 1978 Isaac C. Kidd, Jr. (b. 1919 - d. 1999) 30 Sep 1978 - 30 Sep 1982 Harry D. Train II (b. 1927) 30 Sep 1982 - 27 Nov 1985 Wesley L. McDonald (b. 1924 - d. 2009) 27 Nov 1985 - 22 Nov 1988 Lee Baggett, Jr. (b. 1927 - d. 1999) 22 Nov 1988 – 18 May1990 Frank B. Kelso II (b. 1933 - d. 2013) 18 May 1990 – 13 Jul 1992 Leon A. "Bud" Edney (b. 1935)13 Jul 1992 - 31 Oct 1994 Paul D. Miller (b. 1941)31 Oct 1994 – 24 Sep1997 John J. Sheehan (b. 1940)24 Sep 1997 – 7 Oct 1999 Harold W. Gehman, Jr. (b. 1942) Commanders-in-chief, United States Joint Forces Command 7 Oct 1999 – 5 Sep 2000 Harold W. Gehman, Jr. (s.a.) 5 Sep 2000 - 2 Oct 2002 William "Buck" F. Kernan (b. 1946) 2 Oct 2002 - 24 Oct 2002 Edmund P. Giambastiani, Jr. (b. 1948) Commanders, United States Joint Forces Command24 Oct 2002 - 1 Aug 2005 Edmund P. Giambastiani, Jr. (s.a.) 1 Aug 2005 - 10 Aug 2005 Robert W. Wagner (acting) 10 Nov 2005 - 9 Nov 2007 Lance L. Smith (b. 1946) 9 Nov 2007 - 8 Sep 2009 James N. Mattis (b. 1950) 8 Sep 2009 - 29 Oct 2010 Keith M. Huber (acting) (b. 1953?) 29 Oct 2010 - 31 Aug 2011 Raymond T. Odierno (b. 1954 - d. 2021)

National Security Agency
NSA website15 Jul 1949 Armed Forces Security Agency (AFSA). 4 Nov 1952 National Security Agency (NSA). Directors of the Armed Forces Security Agency 15 Jul 1949 - 15 Jul 1951 Earl E. Stone (b. 1895 - d. 1989) 15 Jul 1951 - 4 Nov 1952 Ralph J. Canine (b. 1895 - d. 1969) Directors of theNational Security Agency 4 Nov 1952 - 23 Nov 1956 Ralph J. Canine (s.a.) 24 Nov 1956 - 23 Nov 1960 John A. Samford (b. 1905 - d. 1968) 24 Nov 1960 - 30 Jun 1962 Laurence H. Frost (b. 1902 - d. 1977) 1 Jul 1962 - 31 May 1965 Gordon A. Blake (b. 1910 - d. 1997) 1 Jun 1965 - 31 Jul 1969 Marshall S. Carter (b. 1909 - d. 1993) 1 Aug 1969 - 31 Jul 1972 Noel Gayler (b. 1914 - d. 2011) 1 Aug 1972 - 14 Aug 1973 Samuel C. Phillips (b. 1921 - d. 1990) 15 Aug 1973 - 4 Jul 1977 Lew Allen, Jr. (b. 1925 - d. 2010) 5 Jul 1977 - 31 Mar 1981 Bobby Ray Inman (b. 1931) 1 Apr 1981 - 27 Mar 1985 Lincoln D. Faurer (b. 1928 - d. 2014) 27 Mar 1985 - 5 May 1985 Robert E. Rich (acting) (b. 1926) 5 May 1985 - 31 Jul 1988 William E. Odom (b. 1932 - d. 2008) 1 Aug 1988 - 8 Apr 1992 William O. Studeman (b. 1940) 8 Apr 1992 - 22 May 1992 Robert L. Prestel (acting) (b. 1936)22 May 1992 - 22 Feb 1996 J. Michael McConnell (b. 1943) 23 Feb 1996 - 15 Mar 1999 Kenneth A. Minihan (b. 1943) 25 Mar 1999 - 21 Apr 2005 Michael V. Hayden (b. 1945) 21 Apr 2005 - 31 Jul 2005 William B. Black, Jr. (acting) (b. 1936) 1 Aug 2005 - 28 Mar 2014 Keith B. Alexander (b. 1951) 2 Apr 2014 - 4 May 2018 Michael S. Rogers (b. 1959) 4 May 2018 - Paul M. Nakasone (b. 1963)

Post Office Department


1903 - 1 Jul 1971?


Adopted 1990's

United States Postal Service (USPS)

26 Jul 1775 Office of Postmaster General created by Congress. 9 Mar 1829 Postmaster General becomes a cabinet member. 8 Jun 1872 Post Office Department formally established as an executive department. 1 Jul 1971 U.S. Postal Service (USPS)(no longer a cabinet post).

Postmasters Generalof the United States 26 Jul 1775 - 7 Nov 1776 Benjamin Franklin (b. 1706 - d. 1790) 7 Nov 1776 - 28 Jan 1782 Richard Bache (b. 1737 - d. 1811) 28 Jan 1782 - 26 Sep 1789 Ebenezer Hazard (b. 1744 - d. 1817) 26 Sep 1789 - 19 Aug 1791 Samuel Osgood (b. 1747 - d. 1813) 19 Aug 1791 - 25 Feb 1795 Timothy Pickering (b. 1745 - d. 1829) 25 Feb 1795 - 28 Nov 1801 Joseph Habersham (b. 1751 - d. 1815) 28 Nov 1801 - 17 Mar 1814 Gideon Granger (b. 1767 - d. 1822) 17 Mar 1814 - 26 Jun 1823 Return Jonathan Meigs, Jr. (b. 1764 - d. 1825)26 Jun 1823- 3 Mar 1829 John McLean (b. 1785 - d. 1861) 9 Mar 1829- 1 May 1835 William Taylor Barry (b. 1785 - d. 1835) 1 May 1835 - 19 May 1840 Amos Kendall (b. 1789 - d. 1869) 19 May 1840 - 3 Mar 1841 John Milton Niles (b. 1787 - d. 1856) 4 Mar 1841 - 6 Mar 1841 Selah R. Hobbie (1st time)(acting) (b. 1797 - d. 1854) 6 Mar 1841 - 13 Oct 1841 Francis Granger (b. 1792 - d. 1868) 13 Oct 1841 - 6 Mar 1845 Charles Anderson Wickliffe (b. 1788 - d. 1869) 6 Mar 1845 - 5 Mar 1849 Cave Johnson (b. 1793 - d. 1866) 6 Mar 1849 - 8 Mar 1849 Selah R. Hobbie (2nd time)(acting) (s.a.) 8 Mar 1849 - 23 Jul 1850 Jacob Collamer (b. 1791 - d. 1865) 23 Jul 1850 - 14 Sep 1852 Nathan Kelsey Hall (b. 1810 - d. 1874) 14 Sep 1852 - 7 Mar 1853 Samuel Dickinson Hubbard (b. 1799 - d. 1855) 7 Mar 1853 - 6 Mar 1857 James Campbell (b. 1812 - d. 1893) 6 Mar 1857 - 8 Mar 1859 Aaron Venable Brown (b. 1795 - d. 1859) 9 Mar 1859 - 14 Mar 1859 Horatio King (1st time)(acting) (b. 1811 - d. 1897) 14 Mar 1859 - 31 Dec 1860 Joseph Holt (b. 1807 - d. 1894) 1 Jan 1861 - 9 Mar 1861 Horatio King (2nd time) (s.a.) (acting to 12 Feb 1861) 9 Mar 1861 - 24 Sep 1864 Montgomery Blair (b. 1813 - d. 1883)24 Sep 1864- 25 Jul 1866 William Dennison, Jr. (b. 1815 - d. 1882) 25Jul 1866 - 3 Mar 1869 Alexander Williams Randall (b. 1819 - d. 1872) (acting to 25 Jul 1866) 4 Mar 1869 - 5 Mar 1869 St. John B.L. Skinner (acting) (b. 1797 - d. 1872) 5 Mar 1869 - 7 Jul 1874 John Angel James Creswell (b. 1828 - d. 1891) 7 Jul 1874 - 24 Aug 1874 James W. Marshall (b. 1822 - d. 1910)24 Aug 1874- 12 Jul 1876 Marshall Jewell (b. 1825 - d. 1883) 12 Jul 1876 - 12 Mar 1877 James M. Tyner (b. 1826 - d. 1904) 12 Mar 1877 - 2 Jun 1880 David McKendree Key (b. 1814 - d. 1882) 2 Jun 1880 - 3 Mar 1881 Horace Maynard (b. 1814 - d. 1882) 5Mar 1881 - 20 Dec 1881 Thomas Lemuel James (b. 1831 - d. 1916)20 Dec 1881- 26 Mar 1883 Timothy Otis Howe (b. 1816 - d. 1883) 26 Mar 1883 - 3 Apr 1883 Frank Hatton (1st time)(acting) (b. 1846 - d. 1894) 3 Apr 1883 - 25 Sep 1884 Walter Quintin Gresham (b. 1832 - d. 1895) 25 Sep 1884 - 6 Mar 1885 Frank Hatton(2nd time) (s.a.) (acting to 14 Oct 1884) 6 Mar 1885 - 6 Jan 1888 William Freeman Vilas (b. 1840 - d. 1908) 6 Jan 1888 - 3 Mar 1889 Donald McDonald Dickinson (b. 1846 - d. 1916) 5 Mar 1889 - 3 Mar 1893 John Wanamaker (b. 1838 - d. 1922) 6 Mar 1893 - 1 Mar 1895 Wilson Shannon Bissell (b. 1847 - d. 1903) 1 Mar 1895- 3 Mar 1897 William Lyne Wilson (b. 1843 - d. 1900) 5 Mar 1897 - 21 Apr 1898 James Albert Gary (b. 1833 - d. 1920) 21 Apr 1898 - 9 Jan 1902 Charles Emory Smith (b. 1842 - d. 1902) 9 Jan 1902 - 10 Oct 1904 Henry Clay Payne (b. 1843 - d. 1904) 10 Oct 1904 - 3 Mar 1905 Robert John Wynne (b. 1851 - d. 1905) 6 Mar 1905 - 15 Jan 1907 George Bruce Cortelyou (b. 1862 - d. 1940)15 Jan 1907 - 3 Mar 1909 George von Lengerke Meyer (b. 1858 - d. 1918) 5 Mar 1909 - 3 Mar 1913 Frank Harris Hitchcock (b. 1867 - d. 1935) 5 Mar 1913 - 3 Mar 1921 Albert Sidney Burleson (b. 1863 - d. 1937) 5 Mar 1921 - 4 Mar 1922 Will Harrison Hays (b. 1879 - d. 1954) 4 Mar 1922 - 27 Feb 1923 Hubert Work (b. 1860 - d. 1942)27 Feb 1923 - 3 Mar 1929 Harry S. New (b. 1858 - d. 1937) 5 Mar 1929 - 4 Mar 1933 Walter F. Brown (b. 1869 - d. 1961) 4 Mar 1933 - 10 Sep 1940 James Aloysius Farley (b. 1888 - d. 1976) 10 Sep 1940 - 8 May 1945 Frank Comerford Walker (b. 1886 - d. 1959) 8 May 1945 - 16 Dec 1947 Robert Emmet Hennegan (b. 1903 - d. 1949) 16 Dec 1947 - 20 Jan 1953 Jesse Monroe Donaldson (b. 1885 - d. 1970) 21 Jan 1953 - 20 Jan 1961 Arthur Ellsworth Summerfield (b. 1899 - d. 1972) 21 Jan 1961 - 30 Sep 1963 J. Edward Day (b. 1914 - d. 1996) 30 Sep 1963 - 3 Nov 1965 John Austin Gronouski (b. 1919 - d. 1996) 3 Nov 1965 - 26 Apr 1968 Lawrence Francis O'Brien (b. 1917 - d. 1990) 26 Apr 1968 - 20 Jan 1969 W. Marvin Watson (b. 1924 - d. 2017) 22 Jan 1969 - 1 Jan 1972 Winton M. Blount (b. 1921 - d. 2002) 1 Jan 1972 - 16 Feb 1975 E.T. "Ted" Klassen (b. 1908 - d. 1990) 16 Feb 1975 - 15 Mar 1978 Benjamin F. Bailar (b. 1934 - d. 2017) 15 Mar 1978 - 1 Jan 1985 William F. Bolger (b. 1923 - d. 1989) 1 Jan 1985 - 7 Jan 1986 Paul N. Carlin (b. 1931 - d. 2018) 7 Jan 1986 - 16 Aug 1986 Albert V. Casey (b. 1920 - d. 2004) 16 Aug 1986 - 1 Mar 1988 Preston Robert Tisch (b. 1926 - d. 2005) 1 Mar 1988 - 6 Jul 1992 Anthony M. Frank (b. 1931 - d. 2022) 6 Jul 1992 - 16 May 1998 Marvin T. Runyon (b. 1924 - d. 2004) 16 May 1998 - 1 Jun 2001 William J. Henderson (b. 1947) 1 Jun 2001 - 3 Dec 2010 John E. Potter (b. 1956) 3 Dec 2010 - 1 Feb 2015 Patrick R. Donahoe (b. 1955) (acting to 6 Dec 2010) 1 Feb 2015 -15 Jun 2020 Megan J. Brennan (f) (b. 1961) 15 Jun 2020 - Louis DeJoy (b. 1957)

Department of the Treasury

1887 - 1915

[Flag of the U.S.
Secretary of the Treasury, 1915-1963]

1915 - 11 Jan 1963

[Flag of the Department of
the Treasury (U.S.)]

Adopted 11 Jan 1963

Department of Treasury

7 Feb 1781 Office of the Superintendent of Finance of the United States.28 May 1784 Board of Treasury 2 Sep 1789 Department of the Treasury

Superintendent of Finance 13 Mar 1781 - 1 Nov 1784 Robert Morris, Jr.     (b. 1734 - d. 1806) Commissioners of the Board of TreasuryNov 1784 - 11 Sep 1789     Samuel Osgood    (b. 1747 - d. 1813) + Walter Livingston (b. 1740 - d. 1797) + Arthur Lee (b. 1740 - d. 1792)Secretaries of the Treasury 11 Sep 1789 - 31 Jan 1795 Alexander Hamilton                 (b. 1757 - d. 1804) 2 Feb 1795 - 31 Dec 1800 Oliver Wolcott, Jr.                (b. 1760 - d. 1833) 1 Jan 1801 - 13 May 1801 Samuel Dexter                      (b. 1761 - d. 1816) 14 May 1801 - 8 Feb 1814 Albert Gallatin                    (b. 1761 - d. 1849) 21 Apr 1813 - 8 Feb 1814 William Jones    (b. 1760 - d. 1831)
(acting for absent Gallatin) 9 Feb 1814 - 5 Oct 1814 George W. Campbell                 (b. 1769 - d. 1848) 6 Oct 1814 - 21 Oct 1816 Alexander J. Dallas                (b. 1759 - d. 1817) 21 Oct 1816 - 22 Oct 1816 William Jones (acting)             (s.a.) 22 Oct 1816 - 6 Mar 1825 William H. Crawford                (b. 1772 - d. 1834) 7 Mar 1825 - 31 Jul 1825 Samuel L. Southard (acting)        (b. 1787 - d. 1842)
1 Aug 1825 - 5 Mar 1829 Richard Rush   (b. 1780 - d. 1859) 6 Mar 1829 - 20 Jun 1831 Samuel D. Ingham                   (b. 1779 - d. 1860) 21 Jun 1831 - 8 Aug 1831 Asbury Dickens (acting)    (b. 1780 - d. 1861) 8 Aug 1831 - 28 May 1833 Louis McLane                       (b. 1786 - d. 1857) 29 May1833 - 22 Sep 1833 William J. Duane                   (b. 1780 - d. 1865) 23 Sep 1833 - 25 Jun 1834 Roger B. Taney                     (b. 1777 - d. 1864) 25 Jun 1834 - 1 Jul 1834 McClintock Young (1st time)(acting)(b. 1810 - d. 1863) 1 Jul 1834 - 3 Mar 1841 Levi Woodbury                      (b. 1789 - d. 1851) 4 Mar 1841- 5 Mar 1841 McClintock Young (2nd time)(acting)(s.a.) 5 Mar 1841 - 11 Sep 1841 Thomas Ewing                       (b. 1789 - d. 1871) 11 Sep 1841 - 13 Sep 1841 McClintock Young (3rd time)(acting)(s.a.) 13 Sep 1841 - 1 Mar 1843 Walter Forward                     (b. 1786 - d. 1852) 1 Mar 1843 - 8 Mar 1843 McClintock Young (4th time)(acting)(s.a.)
8 Mar 1843 - 2 May 1844 John C. Spencer                    (b. 1788 - d. 1855) 2 May 1844 - 4 Jul 1844 McClintock Young (5th time)(acting)(s.a.) 4 Jul 1844 - 7 Mar 1845 George M. Bibb                     (b. 1776 - d. 1859) 8 Mar 1845 - 5 Mar 1849 Robert J. Walker                   (b. 1801 - d. 1869) 6 Mar 1849 - 8 Mar 1849 McClintock Young (6th time)(acting)(s.a.)
8 Mar 1849 - 22 Jul 1850 William M. Meredith                (b. 1799 - d. 1873) 23 Jul 1850 - 6 Mar 1853 Thomas Corwin                      (b. 1794 - d. 1865) 7 Mar 1853 - 6 Mar 1857 James Guthrie                      (b. 1792 - d. 1869) 7 Mar 1857 - 8 Dec 1860 Howell Cobb                        (b. 1815 - d. 1868) 9 Dec 1860 - 12 Dec 1860 Isaac Toucey (acting)              (b. 1796 - d. 1869)
12 Dec 1860 - 14 Jan 1861 Philipp F. Thomas                  (b. 1810 - d. 1890) 15 Jan 1861 - 6 Mar 1861 John A. Dix                        (b. 1789 - d. 1879) 7 Mar 1861 - 30 Jun 1864 Salmon P. Chase                    (b. 1808 - d. 1873) 1 Jul 1861 - 5 Jul 1864 George Harrington (1st time) (b. 1815 - d. 1892)
(acting) 5 Jul 1864 - 3 Mar 1865 William P. Fessenden               (b. 1806 - d. 1869) 4 Mar 1865 - 9 Mar 1865 George Harrington (2nd time) (s.a.) (acting) 9 Mar 1865 - 5 Mar 1869 Hugh McCulloch (1st time)          (b. 1808 - d. 1895) 5 Mar 1869 - 11 Mar 1869 John F. Hartley (acting) (b. 1809 - d. 1897) 12 Mar 1869 - 16 Mar 1873 George S. Boutwell               (b. 1818 - d. 1905) 17 Mar 1873 - 3 Jun 1874 William A. Richardson              (b. 1821 - d. 1896) 4 Jun 1874 - 20 Jun 1876 Benjamin H. Bristow                (b. 1832 - d. 1890) 21 Jun 1876 - 30 Jun 1876 Charles F. Conant (acting) (b. 1835 - d. 1886) 7 Jul 1876 - 9 Mar 1877 Lot M. Morrill                     (b. 1813 - d. 1883) 10 Mar 1877 - 3 Mar 1881 John Sherman                       (b. 1823 - d. 1900) 4 Mar 1881 - 8 Mar 1881 Henry F. French (1st time)(acting) (b. 1813 - d. 1885) 8 Mar 1881 - 13 Nov 1881 William H. Windom (1st time)       (b. 1827 - d. 1891) 14 Nov 1881 - 4 Sep 1884 Charles J. Folger                  (b. 1818 - d. 1884) 4 Sep 1884 - 8 Sep 1884 Charles E. Coon (1st time)(acting) (b. 1842 - d. 1920) 8 Sep 1884 - 15 Sep 1884 Henry F. French (2nd time)(acting) (s.a.)
15 Sep 1884 - 24 Sep 1884 Charles E. Coon (2nd time)(acting) (s.a.)
24 Sep 1884 - 30 Oct 1884 Walter Q. Gresham                  (b. 1832 - d. 1895) 30 Oct 1884 - 30 Oct 1884 Henry F. French (3rd time)(acting) (s.a.) 31 Oct 1884 - 7 Mar 1885 Hugh McCulloch (2nd time)          (s.a.) 8 Mar 1885 - 31 Mar 1887 Daniel Manning                     (b. 1831 - d. 1887) 1 Apr 1887 - 6 Mar 1889 Charles S. Fairchild               (b. 1842 - d. 1924) 7 Mar 1889 - 29 Jan 1891 William H. Windom (2nd time)       (s.a.) 30 Jan 1891 - 24 Feb 1891 Allured B. Nettleton (acting)    (b. 1840 - d. 1911) 25 Feb 1891 - 6 Mar 1893 Charles Foster                     (b. 1828 - d. 1904) 7 Mar 1893 - 5 Mar 1897 John G. Carlisle                   (b. 1835 - d. 1910) 6Mar 1897 - 31 Jan 1902 Lyman J. Gage                      (b. 1836 - d. 1927) 1 Feb 1902 - 3 Mar 1907 Leslie M. Shaw                     (b. 1848 - d. 1932) 4 Mar 1907 - 7 Mar 1909 George B. Cortelyou                (b. 1862 - d. 1940) 8 Mar 1909 - 5 Mar 1913 Franklin MacVeagh                  (b. 1837 - d. 1934) 6 Mar 1913 - 15 Dec 1918 William G. McAdoo                  (b. 1863 - d. 1941) 16 Dec 1918 - 1 Feb 1920 Carter Glass                       (b. 1858 - d. 1946) 2 Feb 1920 - 3 Mar 1921 David F. Houston                   (b. 1866 - d. 1940) 4 Mar 1921 - 12 Feb 1932 Andrew W. Mellon                   (b. 1855 - d. 1937) 13 Feb 1932 - 4 Mar 1933 Ogden L. Mills                     (b. 1884 - d. 1937) 5 Mar 1933 - 17 Nov 1933 William H. Woodin                  (b. 1868 - d. 1934) 17 Nov 1933 - 22 Jul 1945 Henry Morgenthau, Jr.              (b. 1891 - d. 1967)                            (acting to 1 Jan 1934) 23 Jul 1945 - 23 Jun 1946 Fred M. Vinson                     (b. 1890 - d. 1953) 23 Jun 1946 - 25 Jun 1946 O. Max Gardner (acting)    (b. 1882 - d. 1947) 25 Jun 1946 - 20 Jan 1953 John W. Snyder                     (b. 1895 - d. 1985) 21 Jan 1953 - 29 Jul 1957 George M. Humphrey                 (b. 1890 - d. 1970) 29 Jul 1957 - 20 Jan 1961 Robert B. Anderson                 (b. 1910 - d. 1989) 21 Jan 1961 - 1 Apr 1965 C. Douglas Dillon                  (b. 1909 - d. 2003) 1 Apr 1965 - 20 Dec 1968 Henry H. Fowler                    (b. 1908 - d. 2000) 21 Dec 1968 - 20 Jan 1969 Joseph W. Barr                     (b. 1918 - d. 1996) 21 Jan 1969 - 10 Feb 1971 David M. Kennedy                   (b. 1905 - d. 1996) 11 Feb 1971 - 12 Jun 1972 John B. Connally                   (b. 1917 - d. 1993) 12 Jun 1972 - 7 May 1974 George P. Shultz                   (b. 1920 - d. 2021) 7 May 1974 - 20 Jan 1977 William E. Simon                   (b. 1927 - d. 2000) 21 Jan 1977 - 6 Aug 1979 W. Michael Blumenthal              (b. 1926) 6 Aug 1979 - 20 Jan 1981 G. William Miller                  (b. 1925 - d. 2006) 22 Jan 1981 - 2 Feb 1985 Donald Thomas Regan                (b. 1918 - d. 2003) 3 Feb 1985 - 17 Aug 1988 James Addison Baker III            (b. 1930) 17 Aug 1988 - 15 Sep 1988 M. Peter McPherson(acting) (b. 1940) 15 Sep 1988 - 17 Jan 1993 Nicholas F. Brady                  (b. 1930) 20 Jan 1993 - 23 Dec 1994 Lloyd M. Bentsen                   (b. 1921 - d. 2006) 23 Dec 1994 - 11 Jan 1995 Frank N. Newman (acting)    (b. 1942) 11 Jan 1995 - 2 Jul 1999 Robert E. Rubin                    (b. 1938) 2 Jul 1999 - 20 Jan 2001 Lawrence H. Summers                (b. 1954) 20 Jan 2001 - 31 Dec 2002 Paul O'Neill                       (b. 1935 - d. 2020) 1 Jan 2003 - 3 Feb 2003 Kenneth W. Dam (acting)            (b. 1932 - d. 2022) 3 Feb 2003 - 29 Jun 2006 John Snow                          (b. 1939) 29 Jun 2006 - 10 Jul 2006 Robert M. Kimmitt (acting)        (b. 1947) 10 Jul 2006 - 20 Jan 2009 Henry "Hank" Merritt Paulson, Jr. (b. 1946) 20 Jan 2009 - 26 Jan 2009 Stuart A. Levey (acting) (b. 1963) 26 Jan 2009 - 25 Jan 2013 Timothy "Tim" F. Geithner    (b. 1961) 26 Jan 2013 - 28 Feb 2013 Neal Wolin (acting)                (b. 1961) 28 Feb 2013 - 20 Jan 2017 Jacob "Jack" J. Lew      (b. 1955) 20 Jan 2017 - 13 Feb 2017 Adam J. Szubin (acting)    (b. 1972) 13 Feb 2017 - 20 Jan 2021 Steven "Steve" T. Mnuchin          (b. 1962) 20 Jan 2021 -26 Jan 2021 Andrew "Andy" P. Baukol (acting) (b. 1964) 26 Jan 2021 -    Janet L. Yellen (f)                (b. 1946)

Treasurers of the United Colonies 29 Jul 1775 - Mar 1778 Michael Hillegas (b. 1729 - d. 1804) + George Clymer (to 6 Aug 1776) (b. 1739 - d. 1813)Treasurers of the United States Mar 1778 - 11 Sep 1789 Michael Hillegas (s.a.)11 Sep 1789 - 31 Oct 1801 Samuel Meredith (b. 1741 - d. 1817)31 Oct 1801 - 1 Dec 1801 Vacant 1 Dec 1801 - 2 May 1828 Thomas T. Tucker (b. 1745 - d. 1828) 2 May 1828 - 4 Jun 1828 Vacant 4 Jun 1828 - 26 May 1829 William Clark (b. 1774 - d. 1851)26 May 1829 - 20 Jul 1839 John Campbell (b. c.1789 - d. 1866) 22 Jul 1839 - 23 Nov 1850 William Selden (b. 1791 - d. 1874) 27 Nov 1850 - 1 Apr 1853 John Sloane (b. 1779 - d. 1856) 4 Apr 1853 - 22 Dec 1859 Samuel L. Casey (b. 1821 - d. 1902) 22 Dec 1859 - 28 Feb 1860 Vacant 28 Feb 1860 - 16 Mar 1861 William C. Price (b. 1816 - d. 1901) 16 Mar 1861 - 30 Jun 1875 Francis E. Spinner (b. 1802 - d. 1890) 30 Jun 1875 - 1 Jul 1876 John C. New (b. 1831 - d. 1906) 1 Jul 1876 - 30 Jun 1877 Albert U. Wyman (1st time) (b. 1833 - d. 1915) 1 Jul 1877 - 31 Mar 1883 James Gilfillan (b. 1836 - d. 1929) 1 Apr 1883 - 30 Apr 1885 Albert U. Wyman (2nd time) (s.a.) 1 May 1885 - 23 May 1887 Conrad N. Jordan (b. 1830 - d. 1903) 24 May 1887 - 3 Mar 1889 James W. Hyatt (b. 1837 - d. 1893) 3 Mar 1889 - 11 May 1889 Vacant 11 May 1889 - 13 Apr 1891 James N. Huston (b. 1849 - d. 1927) 13 Apr 1891 - 25 Apr 1891 Vacant 25 Apr 1891 - 31 May 1893 Enos H. Nebecker (b. 1836 - d. 1913) 1 Jun 1893 - 30 Jun 1897 Daniel N. Morgan (b. 1844 - d. 1931) 1 Jul 1897 - 30 Jun 1905 Ellis H. Roberts (b. 1827 - d. 1918) 1 Jul 1905 - 30 Oct 1909 Charles H. Treat (b. 1842 - d. 1910) 1 Nov 1909 - 21 Nov 1912 Lee McClung (b. 1870 - d. 1914) 22 Nov 1912 - 31 Mar 1913 Carmi A. Thompson (b. 1870 - d. 1942) 1 Apr 1913 - 5 Jan 1921 John Burke (b. 1859 - d. 1937) 5 Jan 1921 - 2 May 1921 Vacant 2 May 1921 - 1 May 1928 Frank White (b. 1856 - d. 1940) 1 May 1928 - 31 May 1928 Vacant 31 May 1928 - 17 Jan 1929 Harold Theodore Tate (b. 1875 - d. 1960) 18 Jan 1929 - 31 May 1933 Walter Orr Woods (b. 1873 - d. 1951) 1 Jun 1933 - 29 May 1949 William A. Julian (b. 1860 - d. 1949) 29 May 1949 - 21 Jun 1949 Vacant 21 Jun 1949 - 27 Jan 1953 Georgia Neese Clark (f) (b. 1900 - d. 1995) 28 Jan 1953 - 20 Jan 1961 Ivy Baker Priest (f) (b. 1905 - d. 1975) 20 Jan 1961 - 31 Jan 1961 Vacant 31 Jan 1961 - 13 Apr 1962 Elizabeth Rudel Smith (f) (b. 1911 - d. 1997) 13 Apr 1962 - 9 Jan 1963 Vacant 9 Jan 1963 - 20 Nov 1966 Kathryn O'Hay Granahan (f) (b. 1894 - d. 1979) 20 Nov 1966 - 8 May 1969 Vacant 8 May 1969 - 3 Jul 1971 Dorothy Andrews Elston (f) (b. 1917 - d. 1971) (from 17 Sep 1970, Dorothy AndrewsKabis) 3 Jul 1971 - 17 Dec 1971 Vacant 17 Dec 1971 - 14 Feb 1974 Romana Acosta Bañuelos (f) (b. 1925 - d. 2018) 14 Feb 1974 - 21 Jun 1974 Vacant 21 Jun 1974 - 19 Jan 1977 Francine Irving Neff (f) (b. 1925 - d. 2010) 19 Jan 1977 - 12 Sep 1977 Vacant 12 Sep 1977 - 20 Jan 1981 Azie Taylor Morton (f) (b. 1936 - d. 2003) 20 Jan 1981 - 20 Mar 1981 Vacant 20 Mar 1981 - 5 Jul 1983 Angela M. "Bay" Buchanan (f) (b. 1948) 5 Jul 1983 - 26 Sep 1983 Vacant 26 Sep 1983 - 1 Jul 1989 Katherine Davalos Ortega (f) (b. 1934) 1 Jul 1989 - 11 Dec 1989 Vacant 11 Dec 1989 - 20 Jan 1993 Catalina Vasquez Villalpando (f) (b. 1940) 20 Jan 1993 - 1 Mar 1994 Vacant 1 Mar 1994 - 20 Jan 2001 Mary Ellen Hinamon Withrow (f) (b. 1930) 20 Jan 2001 - 16 Aug 2001 Vacant 16 Aug 2001 - 30 Jun 2003 Rosario Marin (f) (b. 1958)30 Jun 2003 - 19 Jan 2005 Vacant 19 Jan 2005 - 20 Jan 2009 Anna Escobedo Cabral (f) (b. 1959) 20 Jan 2009 - 20 Aug 2009 Vacant 20 Aug 2009 - 8Jul 2016 Rosa "Rosie" Gumataotao Rios (f) (b. 1966) 8 Jul 2016 - 17 Jun 2017 Vacant 17 Jun 2017 - 14 Jan 2020 Jovita Carranza (f) (b. 1949) 14 Jan 2020 - 12 Sep 2022 Vacant 12 Sep 2022 - Marilynn "Lynn" Roberge Malerba (f)(b. 1953)

U.S. Mint

2 Apr 1792                Mint of the United States established (within State Department).
1799 - 3 Mar 1835      Becomes an independent agency. 3 Mar 1835                Under the Department of the Treasury. 12 Feb 1873                Part of the Department of the Treasury (Bureau of the Mint). 9 Jan 1984 Renamed U.S. Mint.
Directors
13 Apr 1792 - Jun 1795     David Rittenhouse                  (b. 1732 - d. 1796)
Jul 1795 - 27 Oct 1795     Henry William de Saussure          (b. 1763 - d. 1839)
28 Oct 1795 - Jul 1805     Elias Boudinot                     (b. 1740 - d. 1821)
Jan 1806 - Jul 1824        Robert Patterson                   (b. 1743 - d. 1824)
Jul 1824 - Jul 1835        Samuel Moore                       (b. 1774 - d. 1861)
Jul 1835 - Jul 1851        Robert Maskell Patterson           (b. 1787 - d. 1854)
Jul 1851 - Apr 1853        George Nicholas Eckert             (b. 1802 - d. 1865)
Apr 1853 - 30 May 1853     Thomas McKean Pettit               (b. 1797 - d. 1853)
Jun 1853 - Apr 1861        James Ross Snowden                 (b. 1809 - d. 1878)
May 1861 - Sep 1866        James Pollock (1st time)           (b. 1811 - d. 1890)
Oct 1866 - Apr 1867        William Millward                   (b. 1822 - d. 1871)
Apr 1867 - Apr 1869        Henry Richard Linderman (1st time) (b. 1825 - d. 1879)
May 1869 - Mar 1873        James Pollock (2nd time)           (s.a.)
Apr 1873 - Dec 1878        Henry Richard Linderman (2nd time) (s.a.)
Feb 1879 - Jun 1885        Horatio Chapin Burchard            (b. 1825 - d. 1908)
Jul 1885 - Oct 1889        James P. Kimball (b. 1836 - d. 1913)
Oct 1889 - May 1893        Edward Owen Leech                  (b. 1850 - d. 1900)
Nov 1893 - Feb 1898        Robert Edward Preston              (b. 1836 - d. 1911)
Feb 1898 - Jul 1907        George E. Roberts (1st time) (b. 1857 - d. 1948)
Sep 1907 - Nov 1909        Frank Aleomon Leach                (b. 1846 - d. 1929)
Nov 1909 - Jun 1910        Abram Piatt Andrew                 (b. 1873 - d. 1936)
Jul 1910 - Nov 1914        George E. Roberts (2nd time) (s.a.)
Mar 1915 - Jul 1916        Robert W. Woolley (b. 1871 - d. 1958)
Sep 1916 - Feb 1917        Friedrich Johannes Hugo von    (b. 1881 - d. 1930)
                             Engelken
Mar 1917 - Mar 1922        Raymond T. Baker                   (b. 1877 - d. 1935)Mar 1922 - Sep 1923        Frand Edeard Scobey                (b. 1866 - d. 1931)
Nov 1923 - May 1933        Robert J. Grant                    (b. 1862 - d. 1949)May 1933 - Apr 1953        Nellie Davis Tayloe Ross (f)       (b. 1876 - d. 1977)
Jul 1954 - Jan 1961        William Howard Brett               (b. 1893 - d. 1989)
Oct 1961 - Aug 1969        Eva Adams (f)                      (b. 1908 - d. 1991)
Sep 1969 - Feb 1977        Mary Elizabeth Brooks (f)          (b. 1907 - d. 2002)
Nov 1977 - Apr 1981        Stella Bloomberg Hackel Sims (f)   (b. 1926)
Jul 1981 - Aug 1991        Donna Pope (f)                     (b. 1931 - d. 2023) Sep 1992 - Nov 1993    David J. Ryder (1st time) (b. 1955) Jun 1994 - Mar 2000        Philip N. Diehl    (b. 1951) 31 May 2000 - Aug 2001     Jay W. Johnson                     (b. 1943 - d. 2009)
7 Aug 2001 - Aug 2005     Henrietta Holsman Fore (f)         (b. 1948)
Aug 2005 - 5 Sep 2006     David A. Lebryk (acting)   (b. 1961) 5 Sep 2006 - 9 Jan 2011 Edmund C. Moy                    (b. 1957) 10 Jan 2011 - 14 Jan 2011 Andrew D. Brunhart (acting) 14 Jan 2011 - 25 Jan 2011 Rosa Gumataotao Rios (f)(acting) (b. 1966)25 Jan 2011 - 12 Jan 2015 Richard A. Peterson (acting) (b. 1959?)12 Jan 2015 - 20 Jan 2017 Matthew Rhett Jeppson(acting)     (b. 1974) 20 Jan 2017 - 31 Jan 2018 David Motl (acting) 1 Feb 2018 - 12 Apr 2018 David M. Croft (acting) 12 Apr 2018 - 30 Sep 2021 David J. Ryder (2nd time) (s.a.) 1 Oct 2021 - 25 Oct 2021 Alison L. Doone (f) (acting) 25 Oct 2021 -    Ventris C. Gibson (f)              (b. 1956)                              (acting to 22 Jun 2022)

Internal Revenue Service

Internal Revenue Service (IRS)

8 May 1792 - 31 Dec 1803 Office of the Commissioner of Revenue (within Treasury Department).
31 Jul 1813 - 31 Dec 1820 Office of the Commissioner of Revenue (restored). 1 Jul 1862 Bureau of Internal Revenue (within Treasury Department). 9 Jul 1953 Renamed Internal Revenue Service (IRS) (name in semi-official use as early as 1918).

Commissioners of the Revenue 8 May 1792 - 27 Dec 1797 Tench Coxe (b. 1755 - d. 1825)Jan 1798 - 31 Jan 1798 Doyle Sweeney (acting) 1 Feb 1798 - 31 Dec 1803 William Miller, Jr. (b. 17.. - d. 1807) 31 Dec 1803 - 31 Jul 1813 Post abolished 31 Jul 1813 - 31 Dec 1820 Samuel Harrison Smith (b. 1771 - d. 1845) 1 Jan 1821 - 12 Jul 1862 Post abolished Commissioners of Internal Revenue 12 Jul 1862 - 4 Mar 1863 George Sewall Boutwell (b. 1818 - d. 1905) 5 Mar 1863 - 30 Jun 1865 Joseph J. Lewis (b. 1801 - d. 1883) (acting to 17 Mar 1863) 1 Jul 1865 - 31 Oct 1865 William Orton (b. 1826 - d. 1878) 1 Nov 1865 - 10 Mar 1869 Edward Aashton Rollins (b. 1828 - d. 1885) 11 Mar 1869 - 31 Oct 1870 Columbus Delano (b. 1809 - d. 1896) 1 Nov 1870 - 2 Jan 1871 John Watkinson Douglass (1st time) (b. 1827 - d. 1909) (acting) 3 Jan 1871 - 8 Aug 1871 Alfred Pleasonton (b. 1824 - d. 1897) 9 Aug 1871 - 14 May 1875 John Watinkson Douglass (2nd time) (s.a.) 15 May 1875 - 1 Aug 1876 Daniel Darwin Pratt (b. 1813 - d. 1877) 2 Aug 1876 - 30 Apr 1883 Green Berry Raum (b. 1829 - d. 1909) 1 May 1883 - 10 May 1883 Henry C. Rogers (1st time)(acting) 11 May 1883 - 20 May 1883 John J. Knox (acting) (b. 1828 - d. 1892) 21 May 1883 - 19 Mar 1885 Walter Evans (b. 1842 - d. 1923) 20 Mar 1885 - 20 Mar 1889 Joseph S. Miller (1st time) (b. 1842 - d. 1922) 21 Mar 1889 - 18 Apr 1893 John W. Mason (b. 1842 - d. 1917) 19 Apr 1893 - 26 Nov 1896 Joseph S. Miller (2nd time) (s.a.) 27 Nov 1896 - 31 Dec 1897 Willaim St. John Forman (b. 1847 - d. 1908) 1 Jan 1898 - 28 Feb 1899 Nathan Bay Scott (b. 1842 - d. 1924) 1 Mar 1899 - 27 Nov 1900 George West Wilson (b. 1859 - d. 1908) 28 Nov 1900 - 19 Dec 1900 Robert Williams, Jr. (acting) 20 Dec 1900 - 30 Apr 1907 John Watson Yerkes (b. 1854 - d. 1922) 1 May 1907 - 4 Jun 1907 Henry C. Rogers (2nd time)(acting) 5 Jun 1907 - 31 Aug 1909 John Gendron Capers (b. 1866 - d. 1919) 1 Sep 1909 - 27 Apr 1913 Royal E. Cabell (b. 1878 - d. 1950) 28 Apr 1913 - 25 Sep 1917 William H. Osborn (b. 1856 - d. 1921) 26 Sep 1917 - 31 Mar 1920 Daniel Calhoun Roper (b. 1867 - d. 1943) 1 Apr 1920 - 11 Apr 1921 William M. Williams (b. 1877 - d. 1932) 12 Apr 1921 - 26 May 1921 Millard Farror West (acting) (b. 1877 - d. 1938) 27 May 1921 - 31 May 1929 David H. Blair (b. 1868 - d. 1945) 1 Jun 1929 - 15 Aug 1930 Robert Hendry Lucas (b. 1888 - d. 1947) 16 Aug 1930 - 19 Aug 1930 Harris F. Mires (acting) (b. 1879 - d. 1953) 20 Aug 1930 - 15 May 1933 David Burnet (b. 1886 - d. 1962) 16 May 1933 - 5 Jun 1933 Pressly Reid Baldridge (acting) (b. 1897 - d. 1956) 6 Jun 1933 - 8 Oct 1943 Guy Tresilian Helvering (b. 1878 - d. 1946) 9 Oct 1943 - 22 Jan 1944 Robert Emmet Hannegan (b. 1903 - d. 1949) 23 Jan 1944 - 29 Feb 1944 Harold N. Graves (acting) (b. 1887 - d. 1966) 1 Mar 1944 - 30 Jun 1947 Joseph Daly Nunan, Jr. (b. 1897 - d. 1968) 1 Jul 1947 - 31 Jul 1951 George J. Schoeneman (b. 1889 - d. 1966) 1 Aug 1951 - 18 Nov 1952 John B. Dunlap (b. 1903 - d. 1964) 19 Nov 1952 - 19 Jan 1953 John S. Graham (acting) (b. 1905 - d. 1976) 20 Jan 1953 - 3 Feb 1953 Justin F. Winkle (acting) (d. 1962) 4 Feb 1953 - 31 Oct 1955 T. Coleman Andrews (b. 1899 - d. 1983) 1 Nov 1955 - 4 Dec 1955 O. Gordon Delk (1st time) (acting) (b. 1911 - d. 1990) 5 Dec 1955 - 30 Sep 1958 Russell C. Harrington (b. 1890 - d. 1971) 1 Oct 1958 - 4 Nov 1958 O. Gordon Delk (2nd time) (acting) (s.a.) 5 Nov 1958 - 20 Jan 1961 Dana Latham (b. 1898 - d. 1974) 21 Jan 1961 - 6 Feb 1961 Charles I. Fox (acting) (b. 1899 - d. 1996) 7 Feb 1961 - 10 Jul 1964 Mortimer M. Caplin (b. 1916 - d. 2019) 11 Jul 1964 - 24 Jan 1965 Bertrand M. Harding (acting) (b. 1919 - d. 2002) 25 Jan 1965 - 20 Jan 1969 Sheldon S. Cohen (b. 1927 - d. 2018) 21 Jan 1969 - 31 Mar 1969 William H. Smith (acting) 1 Apr