Saint-Pierre and Miquelon
 

Local Flag Adopted 1982   Map of St. Pierre and Miquelon Hear National Anthem "La Marseillaise"  Text of National Anthem Constitution (28 Sep 1958) Capital: Saint-Pierre Currency: Euro (EUR); 1 Jan 2002 French Franc (FRF) National Holiday: 14 Jul (1789) Bastille Day ------------------------------------ Local Holiday: 15 Aug Assumption Day Population: 7,036 (2007) GDP: $48.33 million (2003) Exports: $5.5 million (2005) Imports: $68.2 million (2005) Ethnic groups: Basques and Bretons (French) Total Armed Forces: N/A Defense is the Responsibility of France Merchant marine: None (2006) Religions: Roman Catholic 99%, other 1% International Organizations/Treaties: UPU, WFTU Saint-Pierre and Miquelon Chronology 19 Oct 1520                Discovered by Portuguese navigator José Álvarez                               Faguendes, named Eleven Thousand Virgins'                               Islands (Islas de Onze Mille Virgens) but                              the royal court names them the Green Islands. 15 Jun 1535                Claimed for France by Jacques Cartier                               (Saint-Pierre). c.1579                     The name of Miquelon was coined. 1604                       French settlements begins. 1670                       Annexed by France, subordinated                               to Plaisance until 1713. 1693                       First local governor named by French governor                               of Plaisance. 1702, 1703, 1707           Islands pillaged by the British. 1708 - 1710                Abandoned.  1708, 1710, 1712           Islands pillaged by the British. 11 Apr 1713 - 10 Feb 1763  British rule (part of Nova Scotia). 10 Feb 1763                Separate French colony (Saint-Pierre and                               Miquelon)(Îles Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon). 14 Sep 1778 - 28 Jul 1783  British occupation. 14 May 1793 - 20 Aug 1802  British occupation. 20 Mar 1803 - 22 Jun 1816  British occupation. 22 Jun 1816                French colony. 14 Sep 1939 - 25 Dec 1941  Subordinated to High Commissioner and Commander                              of the Theater Atlantic West (see Martinique). 10 Jun 1940 - 25 Dec 1941  Administration loyal to Vichy France                              (from 25 Dec 1941, Free French). 27 Oct 1946                French overseas territory. 19 Jul 1976                French overseas département. 11 Jun 1985                French collectivité territoriale. 28 Mar 2003                French overseas collectivité (with the designation                              collectivité territoriale).

Representative of the governor of Plaisance
1689 - 169.                Louis Pastour de Constebelle
Governor
1693 - ....                Simon de Bellorme
Commandants
1702 - 1708                Baron de Sourdeval
17.. - 15 Jun 1763         ....
Governors
15 Jun 1763 - 31 Jul 1773  François Gabriel Dangeac           (b. 1708 - d. 1782)
1773 - 14 Sep 1778         Charles Gabriel Sébastien, baron
                             de l'Espérance (1st time)        (b. 1725 - d. 1791)
17 Sep 1778 - 28 Jul 1783  Evans (British governor)
28 Jul 1783 - 16 Jun 1785  Charles Gabriel Sébastien, baron
                             de l'Espérance (2nd time)        (s.a.)
Commandants
16 Jun 1785 - 14 May 1793  Antoine Nicolas
                             Dandasne-Danseville
29 Mar 1788 - 15 Oct 1790  Julien Gausse du Mesnil-Ambert
                             (acting for Dandasne-Danseville)
14 May 1793 - ....         Percy F. Thorne (British commander)
.... - 20 Aug 1802         Edgell
1802 - 20 Mar 1803         Tocet (acting)
1803 - 1816                ....
22 Jun 1816 -  1 Nov 1818  Jean-Philippe Bourilhon
Commandants and Administrators
 1 Nov 1818 - 20 Jun 1819  Augustin Valentin Borius           (b. 1772 - d. 18..)
                             (1st time) (interim) 
20 Jun 1819 - 11 Jun 1825  Philippe Athanase Hélène Fayolle   (b. 1772 - d. 18..)
11 Jun 1825 - 28 May 1828  Augustin Valentin Borius           (s.a.)
                             (2nd time) 
28 May 1828 - 10 Sep 1839  Joseph Louis Michel Brue           (b. 1782 - d. 18..)
 1 Oct 1831 - 16 Apr 1832  François Julien Guy Paris
                             (1st time) (interim)
 7 Oct 1835 - 14 Jun 1836  François Julien Guy Paris
                             (2nd time) (interim)
10 Sep 1839 -  1 Jul 1842  Louis Alexandre Mamyneau           (b. 1779 - d. 18..)
Commandants
 1 Jul 1842 - 14 Jul 1842  Hubert Eléonore Napoléon Philibert (b. 1807 - d. 1872)
                             Philippe Alfred Guichon de
                             Grandpont (interim) 
14 Jul 1842 -  3 Jul 1845  Joseph Alphonse Desrousseaux
 3 Jul 1845 - 14 Oct 1849  Joseph Marie Fidèle Délécluse
                             (commandant and commissioner)
14 Oct 1849 -  3 Jul 1850  Prosper Benony Bruslé (interim)    (b. 1802 - d. ....)
 3 Jul 1850 - 10 Oct 1855  Jacques François Gervais           (b. 1795? - d. 1869)
                             (1st time) 
10 Oct 1855 - 14 May 1856  Ange Gautier (interim)
14 May 1856 -  4 May 1859  Jacques François Gervais           (s.a.)
                             (2nd time) 
 4 May 1859 - 13 Sep 1863  Émile François Guillaume Clément,  (b. 1803 - d. 1874)
                             comte de la Roncière
13 Sep 1863 - 13 Feb 1864  Auguste La Borde (interim)         (b. 1815 - d. ....)
13 Feb 1864 -  3 May 1864  Ernest Joseph Nicolas d'Heureux    (b. 1828 - d. ....)
                             (1st time) (interim) 
 3 May 1864 - 19 May 1864  Charles Faure (acting)
19 May 1864 -  9 May 1872  Pierre Vincent Cren                (b. 1815 - d. ....)
12 Oct 1868 -  6 May 1869  Alexandre Marie Le Clos            (b. 1828 - d. ....)
                             (interim)
 9 May 1872 - 18 May 1873  Ernest Joseph Nicolas d'Heureux    (s.a.)
                             (2nd time) (interim) 
18 May 1873 - 30 Jul 1876  Charles Henri Alfred Joubert       (b. 1831 - d. ....)
30 Jul 1876 - 28 May 1877  Auguste Victor Arnoux Tranchevent  (b. 1835 - d. 1894)
                             (interim)
28 May 1877 - 25 Nov 1879  Antoine Étienne Guien              (b. 1829 - d. ....)
25 Nov 1879 - 18 Jan 1880  Auguste René Cariot (interim)      (b. 1833 - d. ....)
18 Jan 1880 - 26 Apr 1886  Gaston Louis, comte de             (b. 1827 - d. ....)
                             Saint-Phalle 
26 Apr 1886 -  5 Jun 1886  Aristide Le Fol (interim)          (b. 1838 - d. 1923)
 5 Jun 1886 -  5 Sep 1887  Henri de Lamothe                   (b. 1843 - d. 1926)
Governors
 5 Sep 1887 -  5 Dec 1887  Henri Félix de Lamothe (1st time)  (s.a.)
 5 Dec 1887 - 15 Feb 1888  Aristide Le Fol (interim)          (s.a.)
15 Feb 1888 - 21 Mar 1888  Justin Hebert-Suffrin (interim)
21 Mar 1888 - 22 Apr 1888  Henri Charles Roberdeau (1st time) (b. 1849 - d. 1916)
                             (interim)
22 Apr 1888 - 17 Sep 1889  Henri Félix de Lamothe (2nd time)  (s.a.)
17 Sep 1889 -  1 Apr 1891  Henri Charles Roberdeau (2nd time) (s.a.)
                             (interim)
 1 Apr 1891 -  6 Aug 1891  Théophile Bergès (1st time)
                             (interim)
 6 Aug 1891 -  7 Sep 1893  Paul Théodore Ernest Marie Feillet (b. 1857 - d. 1903)
 7 Sep 1893 -  3 Aug 1894  Maurice Caperon (1st time)         (b. 1846 - d. 1907)
                             (interim)
 3 Aug 1894 - 25 Oct 1895  Laurent Marie Émile Beauchamp      (b. 1838 - d. 19..)
25 Oct 1895 - 29 Apr 1896  Théophile Bergès (2nd time)
                             (interim)
29 Apr 1896 - 27 Aug 1896  Henri Tournie (interim)            (b. 1852 - d. ....)
27 Aug 1896 - 14 Aug 1899  Paul Émile Daclin Sibor            (b. 1840 - d. ....)
22 Nov 1897 - 25 Feb 1899  Maurice Caperon (2nd time)         (s.a.)
                             (interim)
14 Aug 1899 -  8 Feb 1900  Maurice Caperon (3rd time)         (s.a.)
                             (interim)
 8 Feb 1900 -  9 Sep 1900  Paul Samary                        (b. 1848 - d. 1911)
 9 Sep 1900 - 13 Jun 1901  Maurice Caperon (4th time)         (s.a.)
                             (interim)
13 Jun 1901 - 15 May 1904  Philippe Émile Jullien             (b. 1845 - d. 1912)
 5 Jun 1902 - 27 Jun 1902  Paul Certonciny (interim)
10 Sep 1902 - 25 Jul 1903  Maurice Caperon (5th time)         (s.a.)
                             (interim)
15 May 1904 - 26 May 1904  René André (interim)
26 May 1904 -  8 Dec 1904  Maurice Caperon (6th time)         (s.a.)
                             (interim)
 8 Dec 1904 -  9 Jun 1905  Paul Jean François Cousturier
 9 Jun 1905 - 12 May 1906  Gabriel Angoulvant                 (b. 1872 - d. 1932)
Administrators
12 May 1906 - 15 Aug 1908  Raphaël Antonetti                  (b. 1872 - d. 1938)
 6 Jan 1908 - 11 Mar 1908  Léon Bousquet (interim)
15 Aug 1908 - 28 Nov 1908  Charles Moulin (interim)
28 Nov 1908 -  1 Jul 1911  Pierre Jean Henri Didelot          (b. 1870 - d. 19..)
 1 Jul 1911 - 10 Feb 1912  Ferdinand Longue (interim)
10 Feb 1912 -  2 Sep 1913  Henri Marchand
 2 Sep 1913 - 21 Apr 1914  Joseph Evariste Fabre (interim)    (b. 1861 - d. 19..)
21 Apr 1914 - 27 Jul 1915  Laurent Chabaud (interim)
27 Jul 1915 - 191.         Ernest Philippe François Lachat    (b. 1876 - d. 19..)
Governors
191. -  1 May 1923         Ernest Philippe François Lachat    (s.a.)
                             (interim)
 1 May 1923 - 12 Oct 1927  Jean Henri Émile Bensch            (b. 1868 - d. 1944)
21 Oct 1925 - 30 Apr 1926  Marc Michel (interim)
12 Oct 1927 - 27 Feb 1928  Charles Nirpot (interim)
27 Feb 1928 - 14 Feb 1929  François Adrien Juvanon            (b. 1875 - d. 19..)
14 Feb 1929 -  5 May 1932  Henri Camille Sautot (interim)     (b. 1885 - d. 1963)
 5 May 1932 - 20 Feb 1933  Georges Marie Roger Chanot (interim)
Administrators
20 Feb 1933 - 17 Dec 1936  Georges Jules Eugène Barrillot
17 Dec 1936 - 24 Dec 1941  Gilbert de Bournat                 (b. 1896 - d. 197.)
24 Dec 1941 - 25 Dec 1941  Émile Muselier                     (b. 1888 - d. 1965)  Mil
                             (Commander of Free French forces)
25 Dec 1941 - 25 Feb 1943  Alain Savary                       (b. 1918 - d. 1988)
25 Feb 1943 - 10 Feb 1946  Pierre Marie Jacques François
                             Garrouste
10 Feb 1946 - 20 Sep 1946  Marc Tchernonog (interim)
20 Sep 1946 - 31 Dec 1947  Maurice René Charles Victor
                             Marchand
Governors
31 Dec 1947 - 30 Jun 1949  Jean René Moisset
30 Jun 1949 -  6 Nov 1950  Guy Clech (interim)
 6 Nov 1950 - 25 Apr 1952  Eugène Alain Charles Louis Alaniou (b. 1896 - d. 1969)
25 Apr 1952 -  5 Jan 1955  Irenée Francois Antoine Davier     (b. 1903 - d. 1971)
 5 Jan 1955 - 25 Aug 1958  Pierre René Jean Sicaud            (b. 1911 - d. 1998)
25 Aug 1958 -  3 Dec 1960  René Louis Pont                    (d. 2008)
 3 Dec 1960 - 12 Dec 1962  Michel Maillard
12 Dec 1962 - 16 Oct 1965  Jacques Emmanuel Herry
16 Oct 1965 -  5 Jun 1967  Georges Marie Joseph Poulet        (b. 1914)
 5 Jun 1967 -  7 Apr 1971  Jean-Jacques Buggia
 7 Apr 1971 -  1 Jul 1974  Henri Beaux                        (b. 1921)
 2 Aug 1974 - 12 Jun 1975  Jean Cluchard
14 May 1975 -  4 Aug 1976  Jean Massendès                     (b. 1915 - d. 1985)
Prefects (10 May 1982 - 24 Feb 1988, commissioners of the republic)
 4 Aug 1976 - 21 May 1977  Jean Massendès                     (s.a.)
 3 Jun 1977 - 26 Sep 1979  Pierre Eydoux                      (b. 1921)
13 Oct 1979 - 11 Jul 1981  Clément Bouhin                     (b. 1926)
31 Aug 1981 - 23 Mar 1982  Claude Guyon                       (b. 1928)
13 Apr 1982 - 10 May 1983  Philippe Parant                    (b. 1932)
25 Jun 1983 - 26 Mar 1985  Gérard Lefèvre                     (b. 1930)
 1 Apr 1985 - 14 Jul 1987  Bernard Leurquin                   (b. 1933)
24 Jul 1987 - 20 Dec 1988  Jean-René Garnier                  (b. 1938 - d. 2008)
 8 Jan 1989 - 10 Jun 1991  Jean-Pierre Marquié                (b. 1938)
10 Jun 1991 - 29 Jun 1992  Kamel Khrissate                    (b. 1936)
29 Jun 1992 - 11 Jan 1994  Yves Henry                         (b. 1938)
11 Jan 1994 - 28 Jan 1996  René Maurice                       (b. 1940)
28 Jan 1996 - 23 Nov 1997  Jean-François Carenco              (b. 1952)
 1 Dec 1997 - 25 Oct 1999  Rémi Thuau                         (b. 1951)
25 Oct 1999 -  1 Feb 2001  Francis Spitzer                    (b. 1947)
 1 Feb 2001 -  3 Nov 2002  Jean-François Tallec               (b. 1946)
 3 Nov 2002 - 10 Jan 2005  Claude Valleix                     (b. 1945)
10 Jan 2005 - 28 Aug 2006  Albert Dupuy                       (b. 1947)
28 Aug 2006 -              Yves Fauqueur                      (b. 1948)

Presidents of the General Council (Conseil général)
(holding executive power from 2 Mar 1982)
Jan 1947 - Feb 1952        Henri Dagort
Feb 1952 - Nov 1956        Albert Briand (1st time)           (b. 1909 - d. 1966)   
Nov 1956 - Nov 1964        Henri Claireaux                    (b. 1911 - d. 2001)  MRP         Nov 1964 - Oct 1966        Albert Briand (2nd time)           (s.a.)
Oct 1966 - Jun 1968        Paul Lebailly                      (d. 1968)
Jun 1968 -  4 Oct 1984     Albert Pen                         (b. 1931 - d. 2003)  DVG
 4 Oct 1984 -  1 Apr 1994  Marc Plantegenest (1st time)       (b. 1943)            DVG
 1 Apr 1994 -  6 Jul 1996  Gérard Grignon                     (b. 1943)            CDS
 6 Jul 1996 - 31 Mar 2000  Bernard Le Soavec                  (b. 1948)            DD
31 Mar 2000 - 27 Dec 2005  Marc Plantegenest (2nd time)       (s.a.)               DVG
27 Dec 2005 - 27 Jan 2006  Paul Jaccachury (interim)                               DVG 
27 Jan 2006 - 31 Mar 2006  Charles Dodeman                                         DVG
31 Mar 2006 - 21 Feb 2007  Stéphane Artano                    (b. 1973)            DVG
President of the Territorial Council (holding executive power)
21 Feb 2007 -              Stéphane Artano                    (s.a.)               DVG

Party abbreviations: AD = Archipel Demain (Archipel Tomorrow, conservative [Saint Pierre UDF-RPR]); CDS = Centre des Démocrates Sociaux (Center of Social Democrats, linked to UDF);
DD = Divers Droite (Various Right Parties, association of small rightist parties); DVG = Divers Gauche (Various Left Parties, socialist, linked to the French Socialist Party, PS); 
MA = Miquelon Avenir (Future Miquelon, social-democratic (Miquelon PS); UDF = Union pour la Démocratie Française (French Democratic Union); UMP = Union pour un Mouvement Populaire (Union for a Popular Movement [to 17 Nov 2002: Union for the Presidential Majority], conservative, est. 23 Apr 2002 from RPR, DL and the main part of UDF);
- Former parties: MRP = Mouvement Républicain Populaire (Popular Republican Movement, conservative, 1944-67); RPR = Rassemblement Pour la République (Rally for the Republic, Gaulist, conservative, 1976-2002 successor to UDR, merged into UMP)