Puerto Rico
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![[Spanish War Ensign (1785-1931)]](es-1785.gif) -
to 1 Jan 1899
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![[US flag]](us.gif) -
Adopted 1 Jan 1899
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![[Flag of Puerto Rico]](pr.gif) -
22 Dec 1895 - 24 Jul 1952 (unofficial);
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Adopted 24 Jul 1952
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Map
of Puerto Rico
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Hear
National Anthem "The Star Spangled Banner"
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Hear
Local Anthem "La Borinqueña" Adopted 1952
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Constitution (25 Jul 1952)
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Capital: San Juan
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Currency: U.S. Dollar (USD)
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National Holiday: 4 Jul (1776) U.S. Independence Day --------------------------------------
Local Holiday: 25 Jul (1952) Commonwealth Day
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Population: 3,958,128 (2008)
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GDP: $70.59 billion (2008)
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Exports: $56.5 billion (2004/05) Imports: $38.9 billion (2004/05)
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Ethnic groups: local white (mostly Spanish
origin) 72.1%, black 15%, mulatto 10%, U.S. white 2.2%, other 0.7% (2000)
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Total Active U.S. Armed Forces: 198 (2006) Defense is the Responsibility of the U.S. Merchant marine: 3 ships (2008)
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Religions: Roman Catholic 74%, Protestant
13%, independent Christian 6%, Jehovah's Witness 2%, nonreligious/atheist 2%, Spiritist 1%, other 2% (2000)
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| International
Organizations/Treaties: CAP (observer), Caricom (observer), Interpol
(subbureau), IOC, ITUC, UNWTO (associate), UPU, WFTU, WHO (associate) |
Puerto Rico
Index
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Chronology
19 Nov 1493
Discovered and claimed for Spain by Christopher
Columbus, named Isla de San Juan Bautista.
12 Aug 1508
Spanish colony; subordinated to Santo
Domingo
(to 1797).
24 Sep 1868 - Oct 1868 Lares Rebellion,
Republic of Puerto Rico.
9 Nov 1897
Autonomy granted.
25 Jul 1898
Occupied by U.S.
10 Dec 1898
Ceded to U.S. by Spain; spelled
Porto Rico until 17 May 1932.
1 Jan 1899
Spain cedes colonial authority to U.S.
(de jure 11 Apr 1899); subordinated to
War Department until 1935; then Department
of the Interior to 1952.
2 Mar 1917
U.S. territory.
25 Jul 1952
Commonwealth status (Estado Libre Asociado). |
Mayors of
San Juan
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Mona Island
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Culebra Island
(1874-1917)
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Vieques Island
(1811-1854)
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Governors
1505 Vicente Yánez Pinzón
(did not take office)
1508 - 1511
Juan Ponce de León (1st time) (b. 1460 - d. 1521)
1511 - 1513
Juan Cerón 1513 - 1514
Rodrigo Moscoso
1514 Gonzalo de Ovalle
(did not take office)
1514 - 1515
Cristóbal de Mendoza
1515 - 1519
Juan Ponce de León (2nd time) (s.a.)
1519 Sánchez Velázquez
1519 - 1521
Antonio de la Gama (1st time)
1521 - 1523
Pedro Moreno (1st time)
1523 - 1524
Alonso Manso, arzobispo (b. 1460 - d. 1521)
de Peuerto Rico
1524 - 1529
Pedro Moreno (2nd time)
1529 - 1530
Antonio de la Gama (2nd time)
1530 - 1536
Francisco Manuel de Landó
1536 - 1537 Vasco de Tiedra
1537 Jerónimo de Ortal
1537 - 1544
Alcaldes
1544
Jerónimo Ledrón de Quinóñes
1544 - 1546
Iñigo López Cervantes
1546 - 1550
Diego de Caraza (1st time)
1550 - 1555
Luis de Vallejo
1555
Alonso Estévez
1555 - 1561
Diego de Caraza (2nd time)
1561 - 1564
Antonio de la Llama Vallejo
1564 - 1568
Francisco Bahamonde de Lugo
1568 - 1574
Francisco de Solís
1575 - 1579
Francisco de Obando y Mejía
1579 Juan Ponce de León II (acting)
1580 Jerónimo de Agüero Campuzano
1580 - 1581
Juan de Céspedes
1581 - 1582
Juan López Melgarejo
1582 - 1593
Diego Menéndez de Valdés
1593 - 1597
Pedro Suárez de Coronel (1st time)
1597 - 1598
Antonio de Mosquero
1598 - 1599
Pedro Suárez de Coronel (2nd time)
1599 - 1602
Alonso de Mercado
1602 - 1608
Sancho Ochóa y Castro, conde de
Salvatierra
1608 - 1614
Gabriel de Rojas Párano
1614 - 1620
Felipe de Beaumont y Navarra
1620 - 1625
Juan de Vargas 1625 - 1630
Juan de Haro y Sanvitores
1631 - 1635
Enrique Enríquez de Sotomayor
1635 - 1641
Iñigo de la Mota Sarmiento
1641
Agustín de Silva y Figueroa
1642 - 1643
Juan de Bolaños
1643 - 1648
Fernando de la Riva Agüero y
Setien
1649 - 1655
Diego de Aguilera y Gamboa
1655 - 1660
José Novoa y Moscoso Pérez y
Buitron
1660 - 1664
Juan Pérez de Guzmán y Chagoyen
1664 - 1670
Jerónimo de Velasco
1670 - 1674
Gaspar de Arteaga y Aunoavidao
1674 Diego Roblandillo
1674
Baltasar de Figueroa y Castilla
1675 - 1678
Alonso de Campos y Espinosa
1678 - 1683
Juan de Robles Lorenzana
1683 - 1685
Gaspar Martínez de Andino
1685 - 1690 Juan Francisco Medina (1st time)
1690 - 1695
Gaspar de Arredondo y Valle
(1st time)
1695 - 1697
Juan Francisco Medina (2nd time)
1697 - 1698 Tomas Franco
1698 - 1699
Antonio de Robles Silva
17 Oct 1699 - Jun 1700 Gaspar de Arredondo
y Valle
(2nd time)
Jun 1700 - 23 Jul 1703 Gabriel Gutiérrez
de Riva (b. 16..
- d. 1703)
24 Jul 1703 - 12 Oct 1703 Diego Jiménez de Villarán
(acting)
12 Oct 1703 - 25 Oct 1703 Gaspar de Olivares
+ Andrés Montañez
(alcaldes ordinarios)
25 Oct 1703 - 27 Jul 1705 Francisco Sánchez Calderón
(acting)
27 Jul 1705 - 26 Mar 1706 Pedro de Arroyo Guerrero (acting)
26 Mar 1706 - 24 Dec 1708 Juan López de Morla (acting)
24 Dec 1708 - 18 Jul 1711 Francisco Danío Granados
(1st time)
18 Jul 1711 - 12 Feb 1716 Juan de Rivera
12 Feb 1716 - 30 Aug 1716 José Francisco Carreño
(acting)
30 Aug 1716 - 7 Apr 1720 Alberto Bertodano
7 Apr 1720 - 1724
Francisco Danío Granados (2nd time)
1724
Antonio de Isasi
22 Aug 1724 - 11 Oct 1731 José Antonio de Mendizábal
y Azcue
11 Oct 1731 - 28 Jun 1743 Matías de Abadía
28 Jun 1743 - 29 Oct 1743 Domingo Pérez de Mandares
(acting)
29 Oct 1743 - 31 Dec 1750 Juan José Colomo
Jan 1751 - 8 Jul 1751 Agustín
de Pareja
(d. 1751)
8 Jul 1751 - 1753
Esteban Bravo de Rivero (1st time)
(acting)
1753 - 30 Aug 1757
Felipe Ramírez de Estenos
30 Aug 1757 - 3 Jun 1759 Esteban Bravo de Rivero (2nd
time)
(acting)
Jun 1759 - 7 Mar 1760 Mateo de Guazo
Calderón
(d. 1760)
7 Mar 1760 - 29 Nov 1760 Esteban Bravo de Rivero (3rd
time)
(acting)
29 Nov 1760 - 12 Mar 1766 Ambrosio de Benavides
12 Mar 1766 - 22 Oct 1768 Marcos de Vergara
22 Oct 1768 - 29 Jul 1769 José Tentor (acting)
29 Jul 1769 - 2 Jun 1776 Miguel de Muesas
2 Jun 1776 - 9 Apr 1783 José Dufresne
9 Apr 1783 - 27 May 1789 Juan Andrés Dabán y Busterino (b. 1724 - d. ....)
27 May 1789 - 1789
Francisco Torralbo (1st time)
(acting)
1789 - 8 Jul 1792
Miguel Antonio de Ustariz
(d. 1792)
8 Jul 1792 - 1794
Francisco Torralbo (2nd time)
(acting)
1794 - 21 Mar 1795
Enrique Grimarest
21 Mar 1795 - 1804
Ramón de Castro y Gutiérrez
Jan 1805 - Jun 1809 Toribio
de Montes
Jun 1809 - May 1820 Salvador
Meléndez y Ruíz
May 1820 - Aug 1820 Juan
Vasco y Pascual
Aug 1820 - Feb 1822 Gonzalo
de Arístegui y Herrera
Feb 1822 - May 1822 José
de Navarro (acting)
May 1822 - Dec 1823 Francisco
González de Linares
Dec 1823 - Jan 1837 Miguel
Luciano de la Torre y (b. 1786 - d. 1843)
Pando, (from 1836) conde de
Torrepando Jan 1837 - Dec 1837 Francisco
Javier de Moreda y
Prieto
Dec 1837 - Oct 1840 Miguel
Lopéz de Baños
Oct 1840 - Apr 1844 Santiago
Méndez de Vigo
Apr 1844 - Dec 1847 Rafael
de Arístegui y Vélez,
conde de Mirasol
Dec 1847 - Dec 1848 Juan
Prim de Prats y González (b. 1814
- d. 1870)
Dec 1848 - Apr 1851 Juan
de la Pezuela y Cevallos,
marqués de la Pezuela
Apr 1851 - May 1852 Enrique
de España y Taberner,
marqués de España, barón de Ramefort
May 1852 - Jan 1855 Fernando
de Norzágaray y Escudero
Jan 1855 - Aug 1855 Andrés
García Camba
Aug 1855 - Jan 1857 José
de Lemery Ibrarrola Ney y (b. 1811 - d. 1886)
Gonzáles
Jan 1857 - Jul 1860 Fernando
Cotoner y Chacón
Jul 1860 - Aug 1861 Sabino
Gamir Maladeñ (acting)
Aug 1861 - Mar 1862 Rafael Echagüe y Bermingham (b. 1815 - d. 1887)
Mar 1862 - Apr 1862 Rafael
Izquierdo y Gutiérrez
(acting)
Apr 1862 - Nov 1865 Félix
María de Messina Iglesias
Nov 1865 - Dec 1867 José
María Marchesi y Oleaga
Dec 1867 - Dec 1868 Julián
Juan Pavía Lacy
24 Sep 1868 - Oct 1868 Francisco Ramírez
Medina (b.
c.1828 - d. ...)
(president; in rebellion)
30 Dec 1868 - 21 May 1870 José Laureano Sanz y Posse
(b. 1822 - d. 1898)
(1st time)
May 1870 - Sep 1871 Gabriel
Baldrich i Palau
(b. 1814 - d. 1885)
Sep 1871 - Jul 1872 Ramón
Gómez Pulido
Jul 1872 - Nov 1872 Simón
de la Torre
Nov 1872 - Feb 1873 Joaquín
Enrile Hernán
Feb 1873 - Apr 1873 Juan
Martínez Plowes
Apr 1873 - Jan 1874 Rafael
Primo de Rivera y
Sobremonte
1 Feb 1874 - 15 Dec 1875 José
Laureano Sanz y Posse (s.a.)
(2nd time)
Dec 1875 - Oct 1877 Segundo
de la Portilla Gutiérrez
(1st time)
Oct 1877 - Apr 1878 Manuel
de la Serna Hernández y
Pinzón, marqués de Irún
Apr 1878 - Jun 1878 José
Gamir Maladeñ (acting)
Jun 1878 - Jul 1881 Eulogio
Despujol y Dussay,
conde de Caspe
Jul 1881 - Nov 1882 Segundo
de la Portilla Gutiérrez
(2nd time)
Nov 1882 - Jul 1884 Miguel
de la Vega Inclán y Palma,
marqués de la Vega Inclán
Jul 1884 - Sep 1884 Carlos
Suances Campos (1st time)
(acting)
Sep 1884 - 1 Nov 1884 Ramón
Fajardo Izquierdo
1 Nov 1884 - 23 Nov 1884 Carlos Suances Campos (2nd
time)
(acting)
23 Nov 1884 - 10 Jan 1887 Luis Dabán y Ramírez
de Arellano
10 Jan 1887 - 23 Mar 1887 Juan Contreras Martínez
(1st time)
23 Mar 1887 - 11 Nov 1887 Romualdo Palacios González
11 Nov 1887 - 1888
Juan Contreras Martínez (2nd time)
(acting)
1888 - 1890
Pedro Ruíz Dana
1890
José Pascual Bonanza (acting)
1890 - 1893
José Lasso y Pérez
1893 - 1895
Antonio Dabán y Ramirez de Arellano
1895 - 1896
José Gamir
1896
Emilio March (acting)
Governors-general
1896 - Jan 1898
Sabás Marín González
Jan 1898 - 11 Jan 1898 Ricardo de Ortega
y Diez (1st time)(b. 1838 - d. 1917)
(acting)
11 Jan 1898
Andrés González Muñoz
(b. 1840 - d. 1898)
11 Jan 1898 - 3 Feb 1898 Ricardo de Ortega y Diez (2nd
time)(s.a.)
(acting)
3 Feb 1898 - 14 Oct 1898 Manuel Macías Casado
(b. 1845 - d. 1937)
14 Oct 1898 - 18 Oct 1898 Ricardo de Ortega y Diez (3rd time)(s.a.)
(acting)
Military Commandant
25 Jul 1898 - 21 Oct 1898 Nelson Appleton Miles
(b. 1835 - d. 1925)
Governors
21 Oct 1898 - 9 Dec 1898 John Ruller Brooke
(b. 1838 - d. 1926)
9 Dec 1898 - 9 May 1899 Guy Vernor Henry
(b. 1839 - d. 1899)
9 May 1899 - 1 May 1900 George Whitefield Davis
(b. 1839 - d. 1918)
1 May 1900 - 15 Sep 1901 Charles Herbert Allen
(b. 1848 - d. 1934)
15 Sep 1901 - 4 Jul 1904 William Henry Hunt
(b. 1857 - d. 1949)
4 Jul 1904 - 18 Apr 1907 Beekman Winthrop
(b. 1874 - d. 1940)
18 Apr 1907 - 6 Nov 1909 Regis Henry Prost
(b. 1870 - d. 1944)
6 Nov 1909 - 15 Nov 1913 George Radcliffe Colton
(b. 1866 - d. 1916)
15 Nov 1913 - May 1921 Arthur Yager
(b. 1857 - d. 1941)
May 1921
José E. Benedicto (acting)
15 May 1921 - Mar 1923 Emmet Montgomery Reily
(b. 1866 - d. 1954)
Mar 1923 - 6 Apr 1923 Juan Bernardo Huyke (acting) (b. 1880
- d. 1961)
6 Apr 1923 - 1929
Horace Mann Towner
(b. 1855 - d. 1937)
1929
James R. Beverly (1st time)(acting)
9 Sep 1929 - Jan 1932 Theodore Roosevelt,
Jr. (b.
1887 - d. 1944)
Jan 1932 - Jul 1933 James
R. Beverly (2nd time)(acting)
Jul 1933 - Jan 1934 Robert
Hayes Gore
(b. 1886 - d. 1972)
Jan 1934 - 5 Feb 1934 Benjamin Jason
Horton (acting) (b. 1873 - d. 1963)
5 Feb 1934 - 25 Jun 1939 Blanton C. Winship
(b. 1869 - d. 1947)
25 Jun 1939 - 11 Sep 1939 José E. Colón (acting)
11 Sep 1939 - 28 Nov 1940 William D. Leahy
(b. 1875 - d. 1959)
28 Nov 1940 - 3 Feb 1941 José Miguel Gallardo
(1st time) (b. 1897 - d. 1976)
(acting)
3 Feb 1941 - 24 Jul 1941 Guy J. Swope (acting)
(b. 1892 - d. 1969)
24 Jul 1941 - 19 Sep 1941 José Miguel Gallardo (2nd
time) (s.a.)
(acting)
19 Sep 1941 - 3 Sep 1946 Rexford Guy Tugwell
(b. 1891 - d. 1979)
3 Sep 1946 - 2 Jan 1949 Jesús Toribio
Piñero
(b. 1897 - d. 1952)
2 Jan 1949 - 2 Jan 1965 José Luis Alberto
Muñoz Marín (b. 1898 - d. 1980)
PPD
2 Jan 1965 - 2 Jan 1969 Roberto Sánchez
Vilella
(b. 1913 - d. 1997) PPD
2 Jan 1969 - 2 Jan 1973 Luis Alberto Ferré
Aguayo (b. 1904 -
d. 2003) PNP
2 Jan 1973 - 2 Jan 1977 Rafael Hernández
Colón (1st time) (b. 1936)
PPD
2 Jan 1977 - 2 Jan 1985 Carlos Antonio Romero
Barceló (b. 1932)
PNP
2 Jan 1985 - 2 Jan 1993 Rafael Hernández
Colón (2nd time) (s.a.)
PPD
2 Jan 1993 - 2 Jan 2001 Pedro Juan Rosselló
González (b. 1944)
PNP
2 Jan 2001 - 2 Jan 2005 Sila María Calderón
(f) (b.
1942)
PPD
2 Jan 2005 - 2 Jan 2009 Aníbal Acevedo Vilá
(b. 1962)
PPD
2 Jan 2009 - Luis Guillermo Fortuño Burset (b. 1960) PNP
Presidents of the Cabinet
11 Feb 1898 - 21 Jul 1898 Francisco Mariano Quiñones
(b. 1830 - d. 1908)
21 Jul 1898 - 6 Feb 1899 Luis Muñoz Rivera
(b. 1859 - d. 1916)
(suspended from 9 Dec 1898)
Party Abbreviations: PNP = Partido Nuevo Progresivo
(New Progressive Party, pro-statehood, affiliated with U.S. Republican Party); PPD = Partido Popular Democrático
(Popular Democratic Party, pro-commonwealth, affiliated with U.S. Democratic Party)
Mona
1494
Discovered claimed for Spain by Columbus.
1520
Annexed to Puerto Rico (Isla de Mona).
1578 - 1843
Abandoned.
1905 - 1946
Administered by U.S. Forest Service.
1937 - 1942
Civilian Conservation Corps projects.
1953 - 1962
Leased to U.S. Air Force.
Puerto Rican
Virgin Islands
Culebra
Nov 1493
Claimed for Spain (Isla Pasaje).
1874 - 1875
Attempt to impose formal Spanish administration.
27 Oct 1880
Annexed to Puerto Rico as a dependency.
1902
Part of Vieques.
1902 - 1975
U.S. Navy annexes large parts of the island
for weapons training.
1917
Created a separate island municipality.
Governors
1874 - 1875
Stevens
(d. 1875)
1875 - 27 Oct 1880
Vacant
27 Oct 1880 - 2 Aug 1881 Cayetano Escudero Sanz
Delegates
2 Aug 1881 - 18..
Cayetano Escudero Sanz
1891 - 1892
Florentino Flaile Moscat
1893 - 1894
Ramiro Matute de Tejada
1895 - 1896
Antonio Moreno y Ramirez
1897 - 1898
Manuel Vazquez Alayon
1899 - 1905
Leopoldo Padron Rivera
1906 - 1912
Pedro Marquez Morales
1913 - 1916
Alejandro Marquez Laureano
Vieques
16 Nov 1493
Discovered and claimed for Spain by Columbus.
1688
Attempted English colony (Crab Island).
1717
Attempted British colony (Crab Island).
1811
Spanish administration begins (previously claimed by
Britain, Denmark and France).
1854
Annexed to Puerto Rico, becoming an island municipality.
1941
U.S. Navy annexes 2/3 of the island.
Governors
1811 - 1828
Juan Roselló
1828 - 1829
Francisco Roselló
1829 - 1832
José Moyano
1 May 1832 - 8 Jul 1843 Teófilo Jaime
José María Le (d. 1843)
Guillou
1843 - 1852
Francisco Sáenz
1852 - 1854
José Astorga
©2000 Ben Cahoon
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