| World Statesmen.org HOME > |
Paraguay
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
![[Spanish War Ensign (1785-1931)]](es-1785.gif)
![[Paraguay tricolor 1811]](py_1811b.gif)
![[Paraguay tricolor 1811-1812]](py_1811a.gif)
![[Paraguay tricolor 1812-26]](py_1812.gif)
![[Paraguayan national flag of 1826-1842]](py_1826.gif)
![[Paraguayan national flag 1842-1990]](py_1842.gif)
![[Paraguayan flag (reverse) 1842-1990]](py_1842_.gif)
![[Paraguayan national flag]](py.gif)
![[Paraguayan flag (reverse)]](py_.gif)
Governors
1534 - 1537
Pedro de Mendoza (b. 1487? - d. 1537)
1537 - 1539
Juan de Ayolas (interim) (b. 1493? - d. 1539?)
1539 - 1542
Domingo Martínez de Irala (b. 1509 - d. 1556)
(1st time)
1542 - 1544
Alvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca (b. 1507 - d. 1559)
1544 - 1556
Domingo Martínez de Irala (s.a.)
(2nd time)
1556 - 1557
Gonzalo de Mendoza
1557 - 1567
Francisco Ortiz de Vergara
1567 - 1572
Felipe de Cáceres
(acting to 1569)
1572 - 1575
Martín Suárez de Toledo (acting)
1575 - 1576
Juan Ortiz de Zárate
1576
Ortiz de Zárate Mendieta
1576 - 1583
Juan de Garay (b. 1528 - d. 1583)
1583 - 1587
Juan de Torres Navarrete
1587 - 1592
Juan Torres de Vera y Aragón (b. 1535 - d. 1610)
1592 - 1599
Hernando Arias o Hernandarias (b. 1564 - d. 1634)
de Saavedra (1st time)
1599 - 1602
Diego Valdez de la Banda
1602 - 1609
Hernando Arias o Hernandarias (s.a.)
de Saavedra (2nd time)
1609 - 1615
Diego Marín de Negrón
1615 - 1618
Hernando Arias o Hernandarias (s.a.)
de Saavedra (3rd time)
1618 - 1625
Manuel de Frías
1625 - 1631 Pedro de Lugo y Navarra
25 Jun 1631 - 1636 Luis de Céspedes Xaría
1636 - 1641
Martín de Ledesma Valderrama
27 Jun 1641 - 1645
Gregorio de Hinestrosa
1645 - 26 Feb 1645
Diego de Escobar Osorio
4 Mar 1645 - 1 Oct 1645 Bernardino de Cárdenas (acting)
1 Oct 1646 - 1650
Sebástian de León y Zárate
1 Oct 1650 - 1653 Antonio de León Garavito
26 Jul 1653 - 1656
Cristóbal de Garay y Saavedra
21 Sep 1656 - 1659
Juan Antonio Blásquez de Valverde
24 Sep 1659 - 1663
Alonso Sarmiento de Sotomayor
y Figueroa
1663 - 1671
Juan Díaz de Andino (1st time)
1671 - 1676 Felipe Reja Corvalán
1676 - 1681
Diego Ibáñez de Faria
1681 - 1684
Juan Díaz de Andino (2nd time)
18 Oct 1684 - 30 Oct 1684 Antonio de Vera Mújica
30 Oct 1684 - 1685 Alonso Fernández Marcial
30 Oct 1685 - 1692
Francisco de Monforte
22 Oct 1692 - 1696
Sebastián Félix de Mendiola
(1st time)
4 Dec 1696 - 1702
Juan Rodrígez Cota
27 Jun 1702 - 1705
Antonio de Escobar y Guitérrez
26 Sep 1705 - 1706 Sebastián Félix de Mendiola
(2nd time)
9 Feb 1706 - 1707
Baltazar García Ros
10 Oct 1707 - 1713
Manuel de Robles Lorenzana
5 Jun 1713 - 1716
Juan Gregorio Bazán de Pedrazza
1716 - 1717 Andrés Ortiz de Ocampo
5 Feb 1717 - 1721
Diego de los Reyes Balmaceda
(1st time)
15 Dec 1721 - 6 Jun 1722
José de Antequera y Castro (d. 1731)
(1st time)(acting)
1722
Diego de los Reyes Balmaceda
(2nd time)
1722 - 1725
José de Antequera y Castro (s.a.)
(2nd time)
1725
Bruno Mauricio de Závala
(1st time)
1725
Ignacio Surueta
(did not take office)
4 May 1725 - 1731
Martín de Barúa
Presidents of the Commune
(in Asunción, in rebellion)
Jan 1731 - 1731
+ Matías de Sadlivar
+ Francisco de Roa
+ José Luis Barreiro
+ Pedro Bogarín
1731
Alonso Reyes
Presidents of the Governing Junta
1731
José Luis Barreiro
1731 - 1732
Miguel de Garay
1732 - 1733
Antonio Ruíz de Arellano
Governors
27 Jul 1733 - 15 Sep 1733 Manuel Augstín de Ruiloba
y (d. 1733)
Calderón
1733 - 1734
Juan de Arregui Závala y
Gutiérrez
1734 - 1735
Cristóbal Domínguez de Ovelar
1735
Bruno Mauricio de Závala
(2nd time)
1735 - 1741
Martín José de Chauregui
1741 - 1747
Rafael de la Moneda
1741 - 1750
Marcos José de Larrázabal
1750 - 1761
Jaime Sansust
1756 - 1757
Nanguiru "King Nicholas I"
(in rebellion, chief of the Guarani self-styled
"king of Paraguay, emperor of the Mamelucos")
1761 - 29 Nov 1764 José Martínez Fontes
1765 - 29 Sep 1766
Flugencio de Yegros y Ledesma
29 Sep 1766 - 1772
Carlos Morphí
1772 - 1778
Agustín Fernando de Pinedo
1778 - 1783
Pedro de Melo de Portugal y Vilhena (b. 1734 - d. 1797)
Governor/Intendants
1783 - 1785
Pedro de Melo de Portugal y Vilhena (s.a.)
1785 - 1796
Joaquín Alós y Brú
1796 - 1806
Lázaro de la Ribera y Espinoza de
los Monteros
1806 - 1807
Bernardo de Velazco y Huidobro (d. 1811)
(1st time)
1807 - 1809
Manuel Gutiérrez
1809
Eustaquio Giannini
1809 - 14 May 1811
Bernardo de Velazco y Huidobro (s.a.)
(2nd time)
Presidents of the Superior Governing Junta
15 May 1811 - 21 Jun 1811 Triumvirate
- José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia (b. 1766
- d. 1840)
y Velasco
- Juan Valeriano de Zeballos
- Bernardo de Velazco y Huidobro (b. c.1765 - d.
c.1822)
21 Jun 1811 - 30 Sep 1813 Governing Junta
- Fulgencio Yegros y Franco de (b. 1780
- d. 1821)
Torres (president)
- José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia (s.a.)
y Velasco (to ... 1811)
- Pedro Juan Caballero Garcia (b. 1785
- d. 1820)
- Fernando de la Mora y Del Cazal (b. 1785 - d. 1835)
(to 12 Oct 1811)
- Francisco Javier Bogarín (b. 1763 - d. 1830)
Villamayor (to 2 Sep 1811)
Consuls of the Republic in power (2 consuls alternating
in power every 4 months)
15 Oct 1813 - 15 Feb 1814 José Gaspar Rodríguez
de Francia (s.a.)
y Velasco (1st time)
15 Feb 1814 - 15 Jun 1814 Fulgencio Yegros y Franco de
(s.a.)
Torres
15 Jun 1814 - 4 Oct 1814 José Gaspar Rodríguez
de Francia (s.a.)
y Velasco (2nd time)
Supreme Dictator
4 Oct 1814 - 20 Sep 1840 José Gaspar Rodríguez
de Francia (s.a.)
y Velasco
(from 1 Jun 1816, styled Perpetual Supreme Dictator)
Presidents of the Provisional Junta
20 Sep 1840 - 22 Jan 1841 Manuel Antonio Ortiz
(sworn in 25 Sep 1840)
22 Jan 1841 - 9 Feb 1841 Juan José Medina
9 Feb 1841 - 14 Mar 1841 Mariano Roque Alonzo Romero
(d. 1853)
(Commandant-General of the Army)
Consuls of the Republic
14 Mar 1841 - 13 Mar 1844 Carlos Antonio López Ynsfrán
(b. 1792 - d. 1862)
+ Mariano Roque Alonzo Romero
(s.a.)
(ruling jointly, but occasionally styled
First Consul, Second Consul)
Presidents
14 Mar 1844 - 10 Sep 1862 Carlos Antonio López
(s.a.)
10 Sep 1862 - 15 Aug 1869 Francisco Solano López Carrillo
(b. 1827 - d. 1870)
(acting to 16 Oct 1862; continues
after deposition to 1 Mar 1870)
15 Aug 1869 - 31 Aug 1870 Provisional Government (Triumvirate)
- Cirilo Antonio Rivarola Acosta (b. 1836
- d. 1879)
(1st time)(President of Provisional National
Government)
- Carlos Loizaga
- José Díaz de Bedoya (b. 1831 - d. 1880)
(to Jan/May 1870)
31 Aug 1870 - 1 Sep 1870 Facundo Machaín Recalde
(b. 1847 - d. 1877)
(provisional)
1 Sep 1870 - 18 Dec 1871 Cirilo Antonio Rivarola Acosta
(s.a.)
(2nd time)(provisional to 25 Nov 1870)
18 Dec 1871 - 25 Nov 1874 Salvador Silvestre del Rosario
(b. 1833 - d. 1874)
Jovellanos Guanes (acting)
25 Nov 1874 - 12 Apr 1877 Juan Bautista Gill García
del (b. 1840 - d. 1877)
Barrio
12 Apr 1877 - 25 Nov 1878 Higinio Uriarte y García
del (b. 1843 - d. 1909)
Barrio (acting)
25 Nov 1878 - 4 Sep 1880 Cándido Pastor Bareiro
Caballero (b. 1833 - d. 1880)
4 Sep 1880 (hours) Adolfo Saguier Viana (acting) (b. 1832 - d. 1902)
(did not take office)
4 Sep 1880 - 25 Nov 1886 Bernardino Caballero de Añasco
y (b. 1839 - d. 1912) PC
Melgarejo (provisional to 25 Nov 1882)
25 Nov 1886 - 25 Nov 1890 Patricio Escobar Cáceres
(b. 1843 - d. 1912) PC
25 Nov 1890 - 9 Jun 1894 Juan Gualberto González
(b. 1851 - d. 1912) PC
9 Jun 1894 - 25 Nov 1894 Marcos Antonio Morínigo
Fleytas (b. 1848 - d. 1901) PC
(acting)
25 Nov 1894 - 25 Nov 1898 Juan Bautista Luis Egusquiza Isasi
(b. 1845 - d. 1902) PC
25 Nov 1898 - 9 Jan 1902 Emilio Aceval Marín
(b. 1853 - d. 1931) PC
9 Jan 1902 - 25 Nov 1902 Andrés Héctor
Carvallo Acosta (b. 1848 - d. 1901)
PC
(acting)
25 Nov 1902 - 19 Dec 1904 Juan Antonio Escurra
(b. 1859 - d. 1929) PC
19 Dec 1904 - 9 Dec 1905 Juan Bautista Gaona Figueredo
(b. 1845 - d. 1932) PL
(provisional)
9 Dec 1905 - 25 Nov 1906 Cecilio Báez González
(provisional)(b. 1862 - d. 1941) PL
25 Nov 1906 - 4 Jul 1908 Benigno Asunción Ferreira
(b. 1846 - d. 1920) PL
4 Jul 1908 - 25 Nov 1910 Emiliano González Navero
(1st time)(b. 1861 - d. 1934) PL
(acting)
25 Nov 1910 - 17 Jan 1911 Manuel Gondra Pereira (1st time)
(b. 1871 - d. 1927) PL
17 Jan 1911 - 5 Jul 1911 Albino Jara Benegas (provisional)
(b. 1877 - d. 1912) PL
5 Jul 1911 - 28 Feb 1912 Liberato Marcial Rojas Cabral
(b. 1870 - d. 1922) PL
(provisional)
14 Jan 1912 – 17 Jan 1912 Triumvirate (in dissidence)
- Mario Usher Genes
(b. 1884 - d. 1931)
- José Alfredo Aponte Silvero (b. 1874 - d. 19..)
- Marcos Honorio Caballero Codas
28 Feb 1912
- 22 Mar 1912 Pedro Pablo Peña Cañete
(b. 1864 - d. 1943) PL
(provisional)
22 Mar 1912 - 15 Aug 1912 Emiliano González Navero
(2nd time)(s.a.)
PL
(provisional)
15 Aug 1912 - 15 Aug 1916 Eduardo Schaerer Vera y Aragón
(b. 1873 - d. 1941) PL
15 Aug 1916 - 5 Jun 1919 Manuel Franco
(b. 1871 - d. 1919) PL
6 Jun 1919 - 15 Aug 1920 José Pedro Montero
Candia (b. 1878 -
d. 1927) PL
(acting)
15 Aug 1920 - 7 Nov 1921 Manuel Gondra Pereira (2nd
time) (s.a.)
PL
7 Nov 1921 - 12 Apr 1923 Eusebio Ayala (1st time)
(b. 1875 - d. 1942) PL
(provisional)
12 Apr 1923 - 17 Mar 1924 José Eligio Ayala (1st time)
(b. 1879 - d. 1930) PL
(provisional)
17 Mar 1924 - 15 Aug 1924 Luis Alberto Riart Vera y Aragón
(b. 1880 - d. 1953) PL
(provisional)
15 Aug 1924 - 15 Aug 1928 José Eligio Ayala (2nd time)
(s.a.)
PL
15 Aug 1928 - 15 Aug 1932 José Patricio Guggiari Corniglione
(b. 1884 - d. 1957) PL
15 Aug 1932 - 17 Feb 1936 Eusebio Ayala (2nd time)
(s.a.)
PL
17 Feb 1936 - 20 Feb 1936 Federico Wenman Smith Rojas (b. 1902 - d. 1985) Mil
(Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces)
20 Feb 1936 - 15 Aug 1937 Rafael de la Cruz Franco Ojeda
(b. 1896 - d. 1973) PRF
(provisional)
16 Aug 1937 - 15 Aug 1939 Félix Paiva
(b. 1877 - d. 1965) PL
(provisional to 12 Oct 1938)
15 Aug 1939 - 7 Sep 1940 José Félix Estigarribia
Insaurralde(b. 1888 - d. 1940) PL
7 Sep 1940 - 8 Sep 1940 Alejandro Marín
Iglesias (b. 1907 - d.
1988) PL
(President of the Council of Ministers)
8 Sep 1940 - 3 Jun 1948 Higinio Morínigo
Martínez (b.
1897 - d. 1983) Mil
(provisional to 15 Aug 1943)
3 Jun 1948 - 15 Aug 1948 Juan Manuel Frutos Escurra
(b. 1879 - d. 1960) Non-party
(provisional)
15 Aug 1948 - 30 Jan 1949 Juan Natalicio González
Paredes (b. 1897 - d. 1966) ANR-PC
30 Jan 1949 - 26 Feb 1949 Raimundo Rolón Villasanti
(b. 1903 - d. 1981) Mil/ANR-PC
(provisional)
27 Feb 1949 - 11 Sep 1949 Felipe Benigno Molas López
(b. 1901 - d. 1954) ANR-PC
(provisional to 14 May 1949)
11 Sep 1949 - 8 May 1954 Federico Chaves Careaga
(b. 1882 - d. 1978) ANR-PC
(provisional to 15 Aug 1953)
6 May 1954 - 15 Aug 1954 Tomás Romero Pereira
(b. 1886 - d. 1982) ANR-PC
(President of the Government Junta in
rebellion to 8 May 1954; then provisional)
15 Aug 1954 - 3 Feb 1989 Alfredo Stroessner Matiauda
(b. 1912 - d. 2006) Mil/ANR-PC
3 Feb 1989 - 15 Aug 1993 Andrés Rodríguez
Pedotti (b.
1923 - d. 1997) Mil/ANR-PC
(provisional to 15 May 1989)
15 Aug 1993 - 15 Aug 1998 Juan Carlos María Wasmosy
Monti (b. 1938)
ANR-PC
15 Aug 1998 - 28 Mar 1999 Raúl Alberto Cubas Grau
(b. 1943)
ANR-PC
28 Mar 1999 - 15 Aug 2003 Luis Ángel González
Macchi (b.
1947)
ANR-PC
15 Aug 2003 - 15 Aug 2008 Óscar Nicanor Duarte Frutos
(b. 1956)
ANR-PC
15 Aug 2008 - Fernando Armindo
Lugo Méndez (b. 1951)
PDC/APC
Brazilian Commanders
19 Jan 1869 - 15 Apr 1869 Guilherme Xavier de Sousa (b. 1818 - d. 1870)
16 Apr 1869 - Apr 1870 Luís Felipe
Maria Fernando Gastão (b. 1842 - d. 1922)
de Orleans, conde d'Eu
May 1870 - May 1875 José
Antonio da Silva Guimarães, (b. 1819 - d. 1880)
barão de Jaguarão
10 May 1875 - 22 Jun 1876 Frederico Augusto de Mesquita, (b. 1822 - d. 1884)
barão de Cacequi
Territorial Disputes: Unruly region at convergence of Argentina-Brazil-Paraguay
borders is
locus of money laundering, smuggling, arms and illegal narcotics
trafficking, and fundraising for extremist organizations.
Party abbreviations: ANR-PC = Asociación Nacional
Republicana-Partido Colorado (Republican National Alliance/Coloured Party,
authoritarian);
APC = Alianza Patriótica por el Cambio (Patriotic Alliance for Change, center-left coalition); PDC = Partido Demócrata Cristiano (Christian Democratic Party, est.1960); PLRA = Partido Liberal Radical Auténtico
(Authentic Radical Liberal Party, liberal); Mil = Military;
- Former parties: PC = Partido Colorado (Colorado
Party, later ARN-PC); PL = Partido Liberal (Liberal Party); PRF
= Partido Republicano Febrerista (February Republican Party)
Jesuit Province of Paraguay
1604/07
Loyola's Society of Jesus ('Jesuits')
granted
territorial privileges for the religious
colonization of eastern Paraguay, area known
as Provincia Jesuítica del Paraguay.
1756 - 1757
Guarani Indian rebellion.
27 Feb 1767
Jesuits are expelled; the former province is divided between
Spain (Paraguay/Río de la Plata) and Portugal (Brazil)
(effected 23 Aug 1768).
Provincials of Paraguay
(subordinated to the Governors of Paraguay)
1604/07 - 1615
Diego de Torres Bollo (b. 1550 - d. 1638)
1615 - 1623
Pedro de Oñate
1624 - 1629
Nicolás Durán Mastrilli (b. 1570 - d. 1653)
1629 - 1633
Francisco Vasquez Trujillo
1634 - 1641
Diego de Boroa
1641 - 1645
Francisco Lupercio de Zurbano
1645 - 1651
Juan Bautista Ferrufino
1651 - 1654
Juan Pastor
1655 - 1658
Francisco Vasquez de la Mota
1658 - 1664
Simón de Ojeda
1664 - 1666
Francisco Jimenez
1666 - 1669
Andrés de Rada
1669 - 1672
Agustin de Aragón
1672 - 1677
Cristobal de Gomez
1677 - 1681
Diego de Altamirano
1681 - 1684
Tomás de Baeza
1684 - 1689
Tomás Dombidas
1689 - 1692
Gregorio Orozco
1692 - 1695
Lauro Nuñez (1st time)
1695 - 1698
Simon de Léon
1698 - 1702
Ignacio Frias
1702 - 1706
Lauro Nuñez (2nd time)
1706 - 1709
Blas de Silva
1709 - 1713
Antonio Garriga
1713 - 1717
Luis de la Roca (1st time)
1717 - 1719
Juan Bautista de Zea
1719 - 1722
José Aguirre
1722 - 1726
Luis de la Roca (2nd time)
1726 - 1729
Ignacio de Arteaga
1729 - 1733
Jeronimo Herran
1733 - 1739
Diego de Aguilar
1739 - 1743
Antonio Machoni (b. 1671 - d. 1753)
1743 - 1747
Bernardo Nusdorfer (b. 1686 - d. 1762)
1747 - 1751
Manuel Querini
1751 - 1757
José Barreda
1751 - 1761
Alonso Fernandez
1761 - 1766
Pedro Juan Andreu
1766 - 1767
Manuel Vergara (b. 1711 - d. 1770)
©2000 Ben Cahoon