Kuwait
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to 3 Nov 1914 (Ottoman Empire)
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to 1899
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1899 - 29 Jul 1909
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29 Jul 1909 - 19 Nov 1914
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19 Nov 1914 - 1921
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1921 - 7
Sep 1961
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- 7 Sep 1961
- 8 Aug 1990; Restored 27 Feb 1991
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8 Aug 1990 - 27 Feb 1991
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| Map
of Kuwait |
Hear
National Anthem
"Al-Nasheed Al-Watani" (National Anthem)
Adopted 1978 |
Former
National Anthem
"Amiri Salute"
(1951-1978) |
Constitution
(11 Nov 1962) |
Capital: Kuwait City
(Kadhima 28 Aug 1990
- 26 Feb 1991)
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Currency: Kuwaiti Dinar
(KWD) |
National Holiday: 25 Feb (1950)
National Day |
Population: 2,596,799 (2008)
includes 1,291,354 non-nationals
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GDP: $149.1 billion (2008)
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Exports: $95.4 billion (2008)
Imports: $26.5 billion (2008)
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Ethnic groups: Kuwaiti Arab
30%, Palestinian 17%,
Jordanian Arab 10%, Bedouin 9%, Kurd 10%,
Indo-Pakistani
8%, Persian 4%, other 4% (2000)
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Total Active Armed Forces:
15,500 (2006)
U.S. Troops: 15,000 (2011)
Merchant marine: 38 ships (2008)
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Religions: Muslim 74% (of
which Sunni 59%, Shi'a 15%),
Christian 13% (of which Roman Catholic
9%), Hindu 10%,
Buddhist 3% (2005)
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International Organizations/Treaties: ABEDA,
AfDB (nonregional), AFESD, AL, AMF, APM, BDEAC, BTWC, CAEU, CTBT, ENMOD, FAO,
G-77, GAFTA, GCC, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt (signatory), ICRM, ICSID, IDA, IDB,
IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IPU, IRENA (signatory), ISA, ISESCO, ISO,
ITSO, ITU, ITUC, KP, MIGA, NAM, NPT, NTBT, OAPEC, OIC, OPCW, OPEC, PCA, UN,
UNCLOS, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFCC, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO,
WMO, WTO
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Kuwait
Index
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Chronology
1534
Part of the Ottoman Empire.
1623 - 1638
Persian occupation.
1710
Kuwait city founded.
1752
Al Sabah lineage founds Kuwait.
1871
Rulers recognize sovereignty of the Ottoman
Empire (as kazan [district] of Baghdad
[from 1875 Basra] vilayet [see Iraq]).
29 Jul 1913
U.K. recognizes Kuwait as an 'autonomous' part
of the Ottoman Empire.
3 Nov 1914 - 19 Jun 1961 British protectorate
(informally from
23 Nov 1899)(sometimes spelled Koweit)
2 Dec 1922 - 7 Jul 1965 Kuwaiti-Saudi
Arabian neutral zone in southern
border area.
19 Jun 1961
State of Kuwait
2 Aug 1990 - 26 Feb 1991
Iraqi occupation.
7 Aug 1990 - 8 Aug 1990 Republic
of Kuwait (under Iraqi occupation).
9 Aug 1990 - 26 Feb 1991 Annexed by Iraq
(from 28 Aug 1990 as its 19th
province; formally rescinded 20 Mar
1991).
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Historical
Maps
of Kuwait
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Rulers¹ (1871 - 3 Nov 1914 also Kaymakam [district
administrator])
1752 - 1758
Sheikh Abu `Abd Allah Sabah I ibn (b. c.1652 - d. 1758)
Jabir Al Sabah
1758 - 3 May 1814 Sheikh
Abdullah I ibn Sabah Al (b. c.1740 - d. 1814)
Sabah
3 May 1814 - 1859
Sheikh Jabir I ibn Abdullah Al (b. c.1770 - d. 1859)
Sabah
1859 - Nov 1866
Sheikh Sabah II ibn Jabir Al Sabah (b. c.1784 - d. 1866)
Nov 1866 - May 1892
Sheikh Abdullah II ibn Sabah Al (b. 1814 - d. 1892)
Sabah
May 1892 - 17 May 1896 Sheikh Muhammad
al Sabah Al Sabah (b. 1831 - d. 1896)
18 May 1896 - 29 Nov 1915 Sheikh Mubarak al-Lahab ibn Sabah
(b. 1837 - d. 1915)
Al Sabah "the Great"
29 Nov 1915 - 5 Feb 1917 Sheikh Jabir II Al Mubarak
Al (b. 1860 - d. 1917)
Sabah
5 Feb 1917 - 27 Feb 1921 Sheikh Salim Al Mubarak Al
Sabah (b. 1864 - d. 1921)
27 Feb 1921 - 29 Jan 1950 Sheikh Ahmad Al Jabir Al Sabah
(b. 1885 - d. 1950)
29 Jan 1950 - 19 Jun 1961 Sheikh Abdullah III Al Salim Al
(b. 1895 - d. 1965)
Sabah
Emirs¹
19 Jun 1961 - 24 Nov 1965 Sheikh Abdullah III Al Salim Al
(s.a.)
Sabah
24 Nov 1965 - 31 Dec 1977 Sheikh Sabah III Al Salim Al Sabah
(b. 1915 - d. 1977)
31 Dec 1977 - 2 Aug 1990 Sheikh Jabir III Al Ahmad
Al Jabir (b. 1926 - d. 2006)
Al Sabah (1st time)
(2 Aug 1990 - 14 Mar 1991 in at-Ta´if,
Saudi Arabia exile)
(Iraqi-installed) Head of State (Rais al-Wuzara)
2 Aug 1990 - 8 Aug 1990
Alaa Hussein Ali
(b. 1948?)
Ba'ath/Mil
(Alaa Hussein Ali Al Khafaji Al Jabir)
Governors
8 Aug 1990 - Nov 1990 Ali Hassan
al-Majid "Chemical Ali" (b. 1941 - d. 2010) Ba'ath/Mil
Nov 1990 - 26 Feb 1991 Aziz Salih Numan
(b. 1941/45) Ba'ath/Mil
Emirs¹
26 Feb 1991 - 15 Jan 2006 Sheikh Jabir III Al Ahmad Al Jabir
(s.a.)
Al Sabah (2nd time)
21 Sep 2001 - Jan 2002 Sheikh Saad Al
Abdullah Al Salim (b. 1929 - d. 2008)
Al Sabah -Regent
15 Jan 2006 - 24 Jan 2006 Sheikh Saad Al Abdullah Al Salim
(s.a.)
Al Sabah
24 Jan 2006 -
Sheikh Sabah Al Ahmad Al Jabir (b. 1929)
Al Sabah
(interim head of state to 29 Jan 2007)
Prime ministers (Chairmen of the council of ministers)
17 Jan 1962 - 2 Feb 1963 Sheikh Jabir Al Ahmad Al
Jabir (s.a.)
Non-party
Al Sabah (1st time)
2 Feb 1963 - 30 Nov 1965 Sheikh Sabah Al Salim Al
Sabah (s.a.)
Non-party
30 Nov 1965 - 8 Feb 1978 Sheikh Jabir Al Ahmad Al
Jabir (s.a.)
Non-party
Al Sabah (2nd time)
8 Feb 1978 - 13 Jul 2003 Sheikh Saad Al Abdullah Al
Salim (s.a.)
Non-party
Al Sabah
(2 Aug 1990 - 4 Mar 1991 in at-Ta´if, Saudi Arabia
exile)
2 Aug 1990 - 8 Aug 1990 Alaa Hussein
Ali
(s.a.)
Ba'ath/Mil
(under Iraqi occupation)
13 Jul 2003 - 7 Feb 2006 Sheikh Sabah Al Ahmad Al Jabir
(s.a.)
Non-party
Al Sabah
7 Feb 2006 - 4 Dec 2011 Sheikh
Nasser Muhammad Al Ahmad (b. 1941)
Non-party
Al Sabah
4 Dec 2011 -
Sheikh Jabir Mubarak Al Ahmad (b. 1942)
Non-party
Al Sabah
British Native Agent
Aug 1899 - Aug 1904 Haji
Ali bin Mulla Ghulam Bisa
British Political Agents (subordinated to the chief political
residents of
the Persian Gulf; see under Bahrain)
Aug 1904 - May 1905 Stuart
George Knox (1st time) (b. 1869 - d. 1956)
May 1905 - Oct 1905 Daud al-Rahman (acting)
Oct 1905 - Apr 1909 Stuart
George Knox (2nd time) (s.a.)
Apr 1909 - Jan 1914 William Henry Irvine
Shakespear (b. 1878 - d. 1915)
Jan 1914 - Jun 1916
William George Grey
(b. 1866 - d. 1953)
Jun 1916 - Mar 1918
Robert Edward Archibald Hamilton (b. 1871 - d. 1950)
Mar 1918 - Sep 1918
Percy Gordon Loch
(b. 1887 - d. 1963)
Sep 1918 - Feb 1920
Daniel Vincent McCollum
Feb 1920 - May 1920 L.M.D. Mello (acting)
May 1920 - May 1929 James Carmichale More
(b. 1883 - d. 1959)
Apr 1927 - Oct 1927 Cyril Barrett (acting
for More)
May 1930 - Feb 1936 Harold Richard
Patrick Dickson (b. 1881 - d. 1959)
(1st time)
May 1931 - Sep 1931 Allen
Greenway (acting for Dickson)
Jun 1934 - Oct 1934 Ralph Watts (acting
for Dickson)
Feb 1936 - May 1939 Gerald Simpson
de Gaury (b. 1897 - d. 1984)
Apr 1937 - May 1937 Andrew Stewart
(acting for de Gaury)
May 1937 - Jun 1937 Allen Greenway (acting
for de Gaury)
May 1939 - May 1941
Arnold Crawshaw Galloway (b. 1901 - d.
1988)
May 1941 - Aug 1941
Harold Richard Patrick Dickson (s.a.)
(2nd time)
Aug 1941 - Sep 1943
Tom Hickinbotham
(b. 1903 - d. 1983)
Oct 1943 - Jun 1944
Cornelius James Pelly (1st time) (b. 1908 - d. 1985)
Jun 1944 - Apr 1945 Gordon
Noel Jackson
(b. 1913 - d. 1999)
Apr 1945 - Mar 1946
Maurice Patrick O'Connor Tandy (b. 1912 - d. 1986)
(1st time)
Mar 1946 - May 1946 Richard Ernest
Rowland Bird (b. 1912 - d. 1986)
May 1946 - Apr 1948
Maurice Patrick O'Connor Tandy (s.a.)
(2nd time)
1947 - 1953
Herbert George Jakins (1st time) (b. 1897 - d. 19..)
1953 - 1954 F.L.C.
Chauncy
1954 - 1955
Herbert George Jakins (2nd time) (s.a.)
1955
Cornelius James Pelly (2nd time) (s.a.)
1955 - 1957
Gawain Westray Bell
(b. 1909 - d. 1995)
1957 - 1959
Aubrey Seymour Halford-MacLeod (b. 1914 - d. 2000)
1959 - 1961
John Christopher Blake Richmond (b. 1909 - d. 1990)
1961
J.L. Christie
¹The full style of the ruler:
(a) to 19 Jun 1961: Hakim al-Kuwayt ("Ruler of Kuwait");
(b) from 19 Jun 1961: Emir Dawlat al-Kuwayt ("Emir of the
State of Kuwait").
Territorial Disputes: The 1994 Kuwait land and Khawr 'Abd
Allah channel boundary demarcation ended Iraqi claims to Kuwait and Bubiyan
and Warbah islands; Kuwait and Saudi Arabia continue negotiating a joint
maritime boundary with Iran; no maritime boundary exists with Iraq in the
Persian Gulf.
At the last elections, only non-partisans were allowed to stand.
Former Party abbreviations: Ba'ath = Hizb al Ba'ath al'Arabiyah
al Ishtiraki (Arab Socialist Rebirth Party {Iraqi Baath
Party], dictatorial socialist, 8 Aug 1990-27 Feb 1991 only legal
party); Mil = Military
©2000 Ben Cahoon
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