Mayotte
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- Adopted 25 Mar 1841
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- General Council Flag
- 2004 - 2013
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Departmental Council
Flag
Adopted 2013
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Comoros Claimed Flag
of Mayotte
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Map
of Mayotte
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Hear
National Anthem
"La Marseillaise"
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Text
of National Anthem
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Constitution
(28 Sep 1958)
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Capital:
Mamoudzou
(Dzaoudzi
1887-1977;
Chingoni 1841-1887)
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Currency:
Euro (EUR);
1975-1 Jan 2002
French Franc
(FRF); 1945-75 Madagascar-Comores
CFA Franc (XMCF); 1925-45 Madagascar
Franc (MGG)
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National
Holiday: 14 Jul (1789)
Fête Nationale
(National Holiday
"Bastille Day")
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Local Holiday: 27
Apr (1848)
Abolition de l'Esclavage
(Abolition of Slavery Day)
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Population:
270,372 (2019)
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GDP: $3.3
billion (2017)
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Exports:
$6.5 million (2005)
Imports: $341
million (2005)
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Ethnic groups:
Comorian (mixture of Bantu, Arab,
and Malagasy) 92.3%,
Swahili 3.2%, French white
1.8%, Makua 1%, other
1.7% (2000)
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Total French
Troops: 3,600 (2006)
(assigned to Reunion and
Mayotte)
Defense is the
Responsibility of France
Merchant marine:
None (2010)
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Religions:
Sunni Muslim 98.7%, Christian 0.6%, other 0.5%,
non-religious 0.2% (2015)
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International
Organizations/Treaties:
InOC, UPU, WFTU |
Mayotte
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Chronology
c.1500
Maore (or Mawuti) sultanate
established.
1503
Sighted and named (firstly Espirito
Santo) by
Portuguese explorers, but not
colonized.
1832
Conquered by Andriantsoly, former king
of Iboina
on Madagascar.
1833
Conquered by Mwali (Mohéli)(see under
Comoros).
19 Nov
1835
Conquered by Ndzuwani (Anjouan)(see under
Comoros).
1836
Maore (Mawuti) independent.
25 Apr
1841
Annexed by France (annexation ratified
13 Jun
1843); Mayotte protectorate, subordinated
to
Nossi-Bé
(to 1878) then Réunion
(1878-30 Mar
1896).
1846
Slavery is abolished on Mayotte.
1852
Andruna added to Mayotte protectorate.
6 Jan 1886
Colony of Mayotte and
Dependencies (colonie de
Mayotte et dépendances).
30 Mar 1896 - 9 Sep 1899
Subordinated to Madagascar.
9 Sep
1899
Colony of Mayotte and Dependencies
(restored).
25 Jul 1912 - 6 Jul 1975
Incorporated into Madagascar
and Dependencies,
along with the Comoros.
2 Jul 1942 - 13 Oct
1946 British occupation of
Mayotte (see Madagascar),
French administration
continues.
22 Dec
1974
Referendum on Mayotte votes 63.8% to
remain a
territory of France.
8 Feb 1976
Second referendum
Mayotte votes 99.4% to reaffirm
its 1974 vote.
24 Dec
1976
French collectivité
territoriale Mayotte
(reaffirmed by France 22
Dec 1979).
11 Jul
2001
Status changed to collectivité
départementale.
28 Mar 2003
French overseas collectivité
(with the designation
collectivité
départementale de
Mayotte).
29 Mar 2009
Referendum
votes 95.2%-4.7% to become an overseas
département
of France.
31 Mar 2011
Status changed to
overseas département (in fact
a
collectivité unique including
also regional
authority)(départementale de
Mayotte).
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Sultans
c.1700 -
c.1714
Aisa (f) -Regent
c.1714 -
c.1720
Monavo bint Mwinye
Fani (f) -Regent
c.1720 -
1727
Abu Bakr bin Omar
1727 -
1752
Salim bin Abi Bakr
1752 -
1790
Boina Kombo
1790 -
1807
Salim
(d. 1807)
1807 -
1817
Suhali bin
Salim
(d. 1817)
1817 -
1829
Mawana Amadi bin Boina
Kombo (d. 1829)
1829 -
1832
Boina Kombo bin Amadi
1832 -
1833
Andriantsoly (1st
time)
(d. 1846)
1833 -
1836
part of Mwali (Mohéli) then Ndzuwani (Anjouan)
Governor (Qadis)
19 Nov 1835 -
1836
Umar
Sultan
1836 - 25 Mar
1841
Andriantsoly (2nd
time)
(s.a.)
French Representative
1841 - 13 Jun
1843
Pierre
Passot
(b. 1806 - d. 1885)
Commandants-superior (subordinated
to the governors of Île de Bourbon/Réunion)
13 Jun 1843 - 11 Mar 1844 Pierre Passot
(1st
time)
(s.a.)
11 Mar 1844 - 17 Jun 1844 Paul Charles
Rang
(b. 1793 - d. 1844)
17 Jun 1844 - 22 Oct 1844 Charles Louis
Thiebault (acting) (b. 1808 - d. 1850)
22 Oct 1844 - Jan 1846
Auguste Le Brun
(acting)
(b. 1793 - d. ....)
Jan 1846 - Aug
1849 Pierre
Passot (2nd
time)
(s.a.)
Commissioners (subordinated to
the governors of Réunion)
11 Aug 1849 - 13 Jun 1851 Stanislas
Fortunat
Livet
(b. 1808 - d. 1860)
13 Jun 1851 - 18 Oct 1853 Philibert
Augustin
Bonfils
(b. 1809 - d. 1871)
18 Oct 1853 - 13 Dec 1854 André Brisset
(acting)
(b. 1808 - d. 1876)
13 Dec 1854 - 15 Aug 1857 André César
Vérand
(b. 1805 - d. 1870)
15 Aug 1857 - 14 Aug 1860 Charles Auguste
Joseph Morel (b.
1803 - d. 1875)
14 Aug 1860 - 14 Dec 1864 Charles Louis
Gabrié
(b. 1802 - d. 1878)
14 Dec 1864 - 8 Jul 1868 Joseph
Vincent Christophe Colomb (b. 1814 - d.
1887)
(1st time)
8 Jul 1868 - 15 Apr 1869
Joseph Ferdinand Hayes (acting) (b.
1814 - d. 1897)
15 Apr 1869 - 21 May 1869 Louis Joseph
Leguay (acting)
21 May 1869 - 4 Mar 1871 Joseph
Vincent Christophe Colomb (s.a.)
(2nd time)
4 Mar 1871 - 1 Mar
1875 Patrice Louis Jules Ventre de la
(b. 1813 - d. 1892)
Touloubre (1st time)
(acting to 19 Dec 1871)
1 Mar 1875 - 16 Sep 1875
Claude Michel Jacques
Louis (b. 1820
- d. 1904)
François Fontaine (acting)
16 Sep 1875 - 26 Dec 1875 François Marie
Ferriez (acting) (b. 1834 - d. 1890)
26 Dec 1875 - 2 Jan 1878 Patrice
Louis Jules Ventre de la (s.a.)
Touloubre (2nd time)
Commandants (subordinated to
the governors of Réunion)
2 Jan 1878 - 9 Dec
1878 Jean Roblin (acting)
9 Dec 1878 - 7 Sep
1879 Charles Honoré Vassal
(acting) (b. 1833 - d. 1900)
7 Sep 1879 - 16 Dec 1879
Charles Bayet (acting)
(b. 1837 - d. 1903)
16 Dec 1879 - 31 Dec 1879 Edouard Sasias
(acting) (b.
1837 - d. 1883)
31 Dec 1879 - 1882
François
Marie Ferriez (1st time) (s.a.)
1882 - 1883
E. Marie (acting)
1883 - 3 Mar 1885
François Marie Ferriez (2nd time) (s.a.)
3 Mar 1885 - Aug
1887 Anne Léodor Philotée
Metellus (b. 1849 - d.
1911)
Gerville-Réache
19 Aug 1887 - 5 Sep 1887 Paul Louis
Maxime Celoron de
(b. 1831 - d. 1889)
Blainville
Governors
5 Sep 1887 -
1888
Paul Louis Maxime Celoron
de (s.a.)
Blainville
4 May 1888 -
1893
Pierre Louis Clovis
Papinaud (b. 1844 -
d. 1900)
25 Apr 1893 - 1 Sep 1896
Étienne Théodore
Lacascade
(b. 1841 - d. 1906)
Administrators-superior (subordinated
to the governors-general of Madagascar)
30 Mar 1896 -
1897
Auguste Pereton (acting)
5 Aug 1897 - 11 Mar 1899
Louis Alexandre Antoine
Mizon (b. 1853 - d. 1899)
Governors
Mar 1899 - 8 Jul
1900 Pierre Louis Clovis
Papinaud (s.a.)
18 Sep 1900 -
1902
Pierre Hubert Auguste
Pascal (b. 1861 - d.
1946)
1902
Louis Célestin Jean-Baptiste (b.
1860 - d. 19..)
Lemaire
15 Oct 1902 - May 1904
Alfred Albert
Martineau
(b. 1859 - d. 1945)
1 Jun 1904 -
1905
Jules Martin
(acting)
(b. 1855 - d. 19..)
1905 -
1906
Jean Auguste Gaston
Joliet
(b. 1842 - d. 1921)
3 Mar 1906 -
1907
Fernand
Foureau
(b. 1850 - d. 1914)
26 Dec 1907 -
1908
Paul Désiré Patté (acting)
(b. 1856 - d. 1919)
Administrators (subordinated
to the governors-general of Madagascar)
8 Sep 1908 -
1909
Charles Henri
Vergnes
(b. 1863 - d. 1935)
31 Mar 1909 -
1910
Ernest Michel Bonneval
(b. 1866 - d. 19..)
24 Feb 1910 -
1911
Michel Joseph Paul Astor
(b. 1865 - d. 1913)
1 May 1911 - 28 Sep 1911
Frédéric
Estèbe
(b. 1863 - d. 1936)
28 Sep 1911 - 25 Jul 1912 Gabriel Samuel
Garnier-Mouton (b. 1864 -
d. 1914)
25 Jul 1912 - 21 Jul 1975 part
of the Comoros
Prefects (10 May 1982 - 24 Feb
1988, Commissioners of the Republic)
21 Jul 1975 -
1976
Younoussa
Bamana
(b. 1935 - d. 2007)
(proclaimed by pro-French demonstrators)
23 Jun 1976 - 30 Apr 1978 Jean Marie
Coussirou
(b. 1930 - d. 2006)
30 Apr 1978 - 15 Apr 1980 Jean Maurice
Marie Rigotard
(b. 1925 - d. 2016)
15 Apr 1980 - 24 Jan 1981 Philippe
Jacques Nicolas Kessler (b. 1927 - d. 2013)
24 Feb 1980 - 25 Jan 1982 Pierre
Sevellec
(b. 1921 - d. 1999)
25 Jan 1982 - 25 Nov 1982 Yves
Bonnet
(b. 1935)
5 Jan 1983 -
1984
Christian Jacques Edmond Pellerin (b. 1933 - d.
2023)
6 Mar 1984 -
1986
François
Bonnelle
(b. 1933 - d. 2002)
11 Mar 1986 - 1986
Guy
Dupuis
(b. 1937 - d. 2020)
7 Oct 1986 - 1988
Akli Khider
(b. 1925 - d. 2005)
12 Dec 1988 - 17 Oct 1990 Daniel
Limodin
(b. 1944)
17 Oct 1990 - 24 Feb 1993 Jean-Paul
Coste
(b. 1943)
9 Mar 1993 - 17 Jan 1994
Jean-Jacques
Debacq
(b. 1952)
17 Jan 1994 - 20 Feb 1996 Alain
Weil
(b. 1945)
20 Feb 1996 - 15 Jul 1998 Philippe
Boisadam
(b. 1941)
31 Aug 1998 - 8 Oct 2001 Pierre
Bayle
(b. 1952)
8 Oct 2001 - 4 Jul
2002 Philippe de
Mester
(b. 1955)
4 Jul 2002 - 17 Jan 2005
Jean-Jacques
Brot
(b. 1956)
17 Jan 2005 - 1 Feb 2007 Jean-Paul
Kihl
(b. 1950)
1 Feb 2007 - Sep 2008
Vincent
Bouvier
(b. 1952)
12 Sep 2008 - 13 Jul 2009 Denis Robin
(b. 1962)
13 Jul 2009 - 17 Aug 2009 Christophe
Peyrel (acting)
(b. 1970)
17 Aug 2009 - 4 Jul 2011 Hubert
Derache
(b. 1953)
4 Jul 2011 - 26 Jul 2011
Patrick Duprat (acting)
(b. 1960)
26 Jul 2011 - 14 Feb 2013 Thomas
Degos
(b.
1971)
14 Feb 2013 - 18 Feb 2013 François Chauvin
(acting)
(b. 1960)
18 Feb 2013 - 23 Aug 2014 Jacques
Witkowski
(b. 1963)
23 Aug 2014 - 2 Sep 2014 Bruno André (1st
time) (acting) (b. 1962)
2 Sep 2014 - 17 May 2016 Seymour
Morsy
(b. 1963)
17 May 2016 - 23 May 2016 Bruno André (2nd time)
(acting) (s.a.)
23 May 2016 - 30 Mar 2018 Frédéric
Veau
(b. 1967)
30 Mar 2018 - 29 Jul 2019
Dominique
Sorain
(b. 1955)
29 Jul 2019 - 5 Jul 2021
Jean-François
Colombet
(b. 1960)
5 Jul 2021 - 12 Jul 2021 Claude Vo-Dinh
(acting) (b.
1956)
12 Jul 2021 - 14 Feb 2024 Thierry
Suquet
(b. 1960)
14 Feb 2024 - 24 Feb 2024 Sabry Hani (acting)
(b. 1976)
24 Feb 2024 -
François-Xavier Bieuville
(b. 1965)
Presidents of the General Council (Conseil
général)
6 Jul 1977 - Mar 1991
Younoussa Bamana (1st time)
(s.a.)
MPM
Mar 1991 - 18 Apr 1991 Hamissi
Assani
Non-party
18 Apr 1991 - 2 Apr 2004 Younoussa
Bamana (2nd time)
(s.a.)
MPM
2 Apr 2004 - 20 Mar 2008 Saïd
Omar
Oili
(b. 1957) None:2007
NEMA
20 Mar 2008 - 3 Apr 2011 Ahmed
Attoumani Douchina
(b. 1955) UMP
3 Apr 2011 - 2 Apr
2015 Daniel
Zaïdani
(b. 1975) MDM
Presidents of the Departmental Council (Conseil
départemental)
2 Apr 2015 - 1 Jul 2021 Soibahadine
Ibrahim Ramadani
(b.
1949)
UMP;2015 LR
1 Jul 2021
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Ben Issa Ousseni
(b.
1973)
LR
Territorial Dispute: Mayotte is
claimed by the Comoros.
Party abbreviations: LR
= Les Républicains (The Republicans, center-right,
former UMP, est.30 May 2015); MDM
= Mouvement Départementaliste Mahorais (Mahoré
Departementalist Movement, Mayotte regionalist, pro-departmental,
split from MPM, est.1999); MPM =
Mouvement Populaire Mahorais (Mahoré People's Movement,
pro-departmental, Mayotte regionalist,
est.1963); NEMA = Nouvel Élan
pour Mayotte (New Spirit of Mayotte, populist,
regionalist, est.2007);
- Former parties: UMP
= Union pour un Mouvement Populaire (Union for a Popular
Movement [to 17 Nov 2002: Union for the Presidential
Majority], conservative, merger of
RPR, DL and the main part of UDF, 23
Apr 2002-30 May 2015, renamed
LR)
© Ben Cahoon
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