Liechtenstein
 

Flag of Vaduz  to c.1719                Flag of Schellenberg  to c.1719                   c.1719 - 5 Oct 1921                  1852 - 5 Oct 1921 Variant                  5 Oct 1921 - 24 Jun 1937                  24 Jun 1937 - 30 Jun 1982                     Adopted 30 Jun 1982   Map of Liechtenstein Hear National Anthem "Oben am jungen Rhein" (High Above the Young Rhine) Text of National Anthem Adopted 1850 Constitution (5 Oct 1921) Capital: Vaduz  Currency: Swiss Franc (CHF)  National Holiday: 15 Aug Assumption Day Population: 34,498 (2008) GDP: $4.16 billion (2007)  Exports: $1.45 billion (2005) Imports: $2.45 billion (2005)  Ethnic groups: Liechtensteiner 65.7%, Swiss 10.4%, Austrian 5.9%, German 3.4%, Italian 3.5%,Tukish 2.6%, other 8.5% (2004) Total Police Forces: 89 (2002) Army Disbanded 1868 Defense is the Responsibility of Switzerland  Merchant marine: None (2008) Religions: Roman Catholic 76.2%, Protestant 7%, Orthodox 0.8%, Muslim 4.1%, unknown 10.6%, other 12% (2002) International Organizations/Treaties: APM, BTWC, CE, CTBT, EBRD, EFTA, IAEA, ICAO (observer), ICCt, ICRM, IFRCS, Interpol, IOC, IPU, ISA (observer), ITSO, ITU, KP, NPT, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, UN, UNCLOS (signatory), UNCTAD, UNFCC, UNHCR, UPU, WIPO, WTO Liechtenstein Chronology 1230                       County of Vaduz (Grafschaft Vaduz); part of                              County of Sargans c.1276                     Lordship of Schellenberg (Herrschaft                               Schellenberg). 22 Jul 1396                City of Vaduz immediate within the Holy                               Roman Empire. 1405 - 1408                Appenzell occupies Schellenberg. 1684 - 18 Feb 1686         Vaduz under imperial administration. 18 Jan 1699                Lordship of Schellenberg purchased by the                               Liechtenstein dynasty. 22 Feb 1712                County of Vaduz purchased by the Liechtenstein                               family. 23 Jan 1719¹               County of Vaduz and Lordship of Schellenberg                               united as Principality of Liechtenstein                               (Fürstentum Liechtenstein). 12 Jul 1806                Established independence from the Holy Roman                              Empire.  1938                       Prince Franz Josef II moves from Vienna to Vaduz,                              becoming first prince to live in Liechtenstein. 24 Mar 1939                Failed Nazi putsch led by Theodor Schädler.

Counts of Vaduz and Lords of Schellenberg (title Graf von Vaduz und Herr zu Schellenberg; 
from 22 Jul 1396 Reichsgraf von Vaduz und Herr zu Schellenberg)
 3 May 1342 - 1354         Hartmann I                         (d. 1354)
1354 - 1367                Rudolf IV                          (d. 1367)
                           - jointly with following two -
1354 - 1397                Heinrich VII                       (d. 1397)
                           - jointly with -
1354 -  6 Sep 1416         Hartmann II                        (d. 1416)
1397 - 1416                Hugo IX                            (d. 1421)
1396 - 1416                Feiherr von Brandis
                            (pledge count)
1416 - 1418                Wolfhard I                         (b. 136. - d. 1418)
1418 - 1456                Wolfhard II                        (d. 1456)
1456 -  9 Oct 1477         Wolfhard III "Wölfli"              (d. 1477) 
 9 Oct 1477 - 20 Aug 1486  Ulrich                             (d. 1486)
20 Aug 1486 -  6 Feb 1504  Ludwig                             (b. 144. - d. 1504) 
13 Feb 1499 - Oct 1499     Sigmund -Regent                    (b. 145. - d. 1507)
 6 Feb 1504 - 18 Nov 1507  Sigmund                            (s.a.)
18 Nov 1507 - 1510         Johann                             (b. 1456 - d. 1512)
                           - jointly with -
18 Nov 1507 - 1535         Rudolf V                           (d. 1535)
1535 - 1566                Johann Ludwig I                    (d. 1566)
1566 - 1569                Wilhelm I                          (d. 1569)
1569 -  4 Jan 1572         Alwig                              (d. 1572)
1572 - 1602                Rudolf VII
1602 - 23 Mar 1613         Karl Ludwig                        (b. 1568 -  d. 1616)
23 Mar 1613 - 10 Sep 1640  Kaspar Graf von Hohenems           (b. 1573 - d. 1640)
10 Sep 1640 - 10 Apr 1645  Jakob Hannibal II                  (b. 1595 - d. 1645)
10 Apr 1645 - 19 Sep 1662  Franz Wilhelm I                    (b. 1627 - d. 1662)
19 Sep 1662 - 1684         Ferdinand Karl                     (b. 1650 - d. 1686)
19 Sep 1662 - 29 Dec 1671  Karl Friedrich Graf von Hohenems 
                             zu Hohenems -Regent
Imperial Commissioner
1684 - 18 Feb 1686         Ruprecht II von Bodnau,            (b. 1646 - d. 1728)
                             Abbot of Kempten
Counts of Vaduz and Lords of Schellenberg (title Graf von Vaduz und Herr zu Schellenberg)
18 Feb 1686 - 22 Feb 1712  Jakob Hannibal III Friedrich       (b. 1653 - d. 1730)
                             (from 18 Jan 1699, Count of Vaduz only)
18 Jan 1699 - 16 Jun 1712  Johann Adam I Andreas              (b. 1662 - d. 1712)
                             (to 22 Feb 1712, Lord of Schellenberg only)
17 Jun 1712 - 12 Mar 1718  Joseph Wenzel Lorenz               (b. 1696 - d. 1772)
12 Mar 1718 - 23 Jan 1719  Anton Florian                      (b. 1656 - d. 1721)
Sovereign Princes²
23 Jan 1719 - 11 Oct 1721  Anton Florian                      (s.a.)
11 Oct 1721 - 17 Dec 1732  Joseph Johann Adam                 (b. 1690 - d. 1732)
17 Dec 1732 - 22 Dec 1748  Johann Nepomuk Karl                (b. 1724 - d. 1748)
17 Dec 1732 -  8 Jul 1745  Joseph Wenzel Lorenz -Regent       (s.a.)
22 Dec 1748 - 10 Feb 1772  Joseph Wenzel Lorenz               (s.a.)
10 Feb 1772 - 18 Aug 1781  Franz Joseph I                     (b. 1726 - d. 1781)
18 Aug 1781 - 24 Mar 1805  Aloys I                            (b. 1759 - d. 1805)
24 Mar 1805 - 12 Jul 1806  Johann I (1st time)                (b. 1760 - d. 1836)
12 Jul 1806 - 19 Oct 1813  Karl                               (b. 1803 - d. 1871)
19 Oct 1813 - 20 Apr 1836  Johann I (2nd time)                (s.a.)
                             (regent [for Karl from 12 Jul 1806] to 7 Dec 1813)
20 Apr 1836 - 12 Nov 1858  Aloys II                           (b. 1796 - d. 1858)
12 Nov 1858 - 11 Feb 1929  Johann II                          (b. 1840 - d. 1929)
11 Feb 1929 - 25 Jul 1938  Franz                              (b. 1853 - d. 1938)
30 Mar 1938 - 25 Jul 1938  Prince Franz Joseph II -Regent     (b. 1906 - d. 1989)
25 Jul 1938 - 13 Nov 1989  Franz Joseph II                    (s.a.)
26 Aug 1984 - 13 Nov 1989  Prince Hans-Adam -Regent           (b. 1945)
13 Nov 1989 -              Hans-Adam II                       (s.a.
15 Aug 2004 -              Prince Alois -Regent               (b. 1968)

Landvögte (state advocates)
1696 - 1699                Johann Franz Bauer (1st time)
1699 - 1712                Joseph Leonhard Bettschardt
1712 - 1715?               Johann Franz Bauer (2nd time)
1715 - 1719                Joseph Grenzing von Strassberg
 5 Sep 1718 - 23 Jan 1719  Stephan Christoph Harpprecht zu    (b. 1676 - d. 1735)
                             Harpprechtstein -Fürstlicher Kommissar
1720 - 1727                Johann Christoph von Benz
1727 - 1730                Johann Erwin von Keil
1730 - 1734                Franz Anton Keller
1734 - 1747                Anton Bauer
1747 - 1751                Johann Kaspar Laaba
1751 - 1770                Franz Karl von Grillot
1771 - 1775                Ferdinand Johann Funker von
                             Funkenberg
1775 - 1788                Franz Michael Gilm von Rosenegg
1788 -  1 Oct 1808         Franz Xaver Menzinger              (b. 1740 - d. 1809)
 1 Oct 1808 - 1827         Joseph Schuppler                   (b. 1776 - d. 1833)
1827 - 1833                Peter Pokorny                      (b. 1795 - d. 1866)
1833 -  7 Apr 1848         Johann Michael Menzinger           (b. 1792 - d. 1877)
Landesverweser (Land Administrators)
 7 Apr 1848 - 1860         Johann Michael Menzinger           (s.a.)
1860 - 1884                Karl Haus von Hausen               (b. 1823 - d. 1889)
1884 - 1892                Karl von In der Maur auf           (b. 1852 - d. 1913)
                             Strehlburg und zu Treifeld 
                             (1st time) 
1892 - 24 Oct 1896         Friedrich Stellwag von Carion      (b. 1852 - d. 1896)
1896 - 11 Dec 1913         Karl von In der Maur auf           (s.a.)
                             Strehlburg und zu Treifeld 
                             (2nd time) 
11 Dec 1913 - 1914         Joseph Ospelt (acting)             (b. 1881 - d. 1962)
1914 -  7 Nov 1918         Leopold Freiherr von Imhof         (b. 1869 - d. 1922)
President of Provisional Executive Committee
 7 Nov 1918 - 13 Dec 1918  Martin Ritter                      (b. 1872 - d. 1947)
Landesverweser (Land Administrators)
13 Dec 1918 - May 1920     Prince Karl Alois                  (b. 1878 - d. 1955)  Non-party
1920 -  2 Mar 1921         Joseph Peer                        (b. 1864 - d. 1925)  Non-party
Heads of government
 2 Mar 1921 -  4 May 1922  Joseph Ospelt                      (s.a.)               Non-party
 4 May 1922 -  1 Jun 1922  Alfons Feger (provisional)         (b. 1856 - d. 1933)  Non-party
 1 Jun 1922 -  6 Jun 1922  Felix Gubelmann (provisional)      (b. 1880 - d. 1929)  Non-party
 6 Jun 1922 - 28 Jun 1928  Gustav Schädler                    (b. 1883 - d. 1961)  VP
28 Jun 1928 -  4 Aug 1928  Prince Alfred von und zu           (b. 1875 - d. 1930)  Non-party
                             Liechtenstein (provisional) 
 4 Aug 1928 -  3 Sep 1945  Franz Josef Hoop                   (b. 1895 - d. 1959)  FBPL
 3 Sep 1945 - 16 Jul 1962  Alexander Frick                    (b. 1910 - d. 1991)  FBPL
16 Jul 1962 - 18 Mar 1970  Gerald Batliner                    (b. 1928 - d. 2008)  FBPL
18 Mar 1970 - 27 Mar 1974  Alfred I. Hilbe                    (b. 1928)            VU
27 Mar 1974 - 26 Apr 1978  Walter Kieber                      (b. 1931)            FBPL
26 Apr 1978 - 26 May 1993  Hans Brunhart                      (b. 1945)            VU
26 May 1993 - 15 Dec 1993  Markus Büchel                      (b. 1959)            VU
15 Dec 1993 -  5 Apr 2001  Mario Frick                        (b. 1965)            VU
 5 Apr 2001 - 25 Mar 2009  Otmar Hasler                       (b. 1953)            FBPL 
25 Mar 2009 -              Klaus Tschütscher                  (b. 1967)            VU

 ¹Date on which the territorial Principality of Liechtenstein received imperial recognition. The title Prince of Liechtenstein (derived not from the territory but from Liechtenstein Castle near Vienna) was granted earlier, but only as a personal distinction. It is from one of those earlier princes, Johann Adam I Andreas (s.a.), that the current prince derives his "II." The rulers of the Liechtenstein family lived mainly in Lower Austria and Moravia until moving permanently to Liechtenstein only in 1938.

 ²Full style of the ruler:
(a) 23 Jan 1719 -  1 Aug 1806: Fürst von und zu Liechtenstein, Herzog von und zu Troppau und Jägersdorf, Graf von und zu Rietberg, etc., etc., etc., etc. ("Prince of Liechtenstein, Duke of Jägerndorf and Troppau and Count of and in Rietberg, etc., etc, etc.");
(b) from  1 Aug 1806: Von Gottes Gnaden Souveräner Fürst von und zu Liechtenstein, Herzog von Troppau und Jägersdorf, Graf zu Rietberg ("by the Grace of God, Sovereign Prince of Liechtenstein, Duke of Troppau and Jagersdorf, Count of Reitberg").

Territorial Disputes: None; In Feb 2005, the ICJ refused to rule on the restitution of Liechtenstein's land and property assets in the Czech Republic confiscated in 1945 as German property.

Pary abbreviations: FBPL = Fortschrittliche Bürgerpartei in Liechtenstein (Progressive Citizens' Party in Liechtenstein, conservative, christian democratic, est.22 Dec 1918); VU = Vaterländische Union (Patriotic Union, center-right, christian democratic, est.1936, formerly CSV);
- Former parties: CSP = Christlich-Soziale Partei (Christian Social Party 1961-1974);
CSV = Christlich-Soziale Volkspartei (Christian Social People's Party, Feb 1918-1936,
renamed VU 1936); VP = Volkspartei (People's Party, conservative)