Antigua and Barbuda 
 

to 1871	1871 - 1956 Leeward Islands	1956 - 1958
1958 - 27 Feb 1967	Adopted 27 Feb 1967

Leeward Islands
 

1670 - 16 Oct 1816         Leeward Islands colony.
1833                       Leeward Islands colony.
21 Aug 1871                Federal Colony of the Leeward Islands.
 1 Jul 1956                Territory of the Leeward Islands.
 1 Jan 1960                Dissolved.

Governors
1660 - 1666                Francis Lord Willoughby            (b. 1613 - d. 1666)
1667 - 1668                Henry Willoughby                   (b. 1626 - d. 1685)
1670 - Dec 1671            Sir Charles Wheler                 (b. 1620 - d. 1683)
1672 - 1685                William Stapleton                  (d. 1686)
                             (from 1679, Sir William Stapleton)
1685 - Sep 1689            Sir Nathaniel Johnson              (b. 1644 - d. 1713)
Sep 1689 - 1698            Christopher Codrington             (d. 1698)
1698                       William Burt (acting)
30 Jul 1698 - May 1699     Edward Fox (acting) 
May 1699 - Feb 1704        Christopher Codrington, Jr.        (b. 1668 - d. 1710)
Feb 1704 - Jul 1704        John Johnson (1st time) (acting)   (b. 16.. - d. 1706)
Jul 1704 -  4 Dec 1704     Sir William Mathews                (b. c.1675 - d. 1704)
Dec 1704 - Jul 1706        John Johnson (2nd time) (acting)   (s.a.)
Jul 1706 -  7 Dec 1710     Daniel Parke                       (b. 1669 - d. 1710)
 7 Dec 1710 - 1711         Walter Hamilton (1st time)(acting)
1711 - 1714                Walter Douglas                     (b. 1670 - d. 1739)
1714 - 1715                William Mathew, Jr. (1st time)     (b. 1684 - d. 1752)
                             (acting)
1715 - 1721                Walter Hamilton (2nd time)
1721 - 1728                John Hart                          (d. 1740) 
Aug 1728 - 12 Sep 1729     Thomas Pitt, Earl of Londonderry   (b. c.1668 - d. 1729)
1729                       William Cosby (acting)             (b. 1690 - d. 1736)
1729 - 14 Aug 1752         William Mathew, Jr. (2nd time)     (s.a.)
1752 -  2 Jul 1753         Gilbert Fleming (acting)
 2 Jul 1753 -  1 Jun 1766  Sir George Thomas                  (b. c.1695 - d. 1774)
 1 Jun 1766 - 10 Apr 1768  James Verchild                     (b. 1710 - d. 1769)
1768 - 1771                William Woodley (1st time)         (b. 1728 - d. 1793)
1771 - 1775                Sir Ralph Payne (1st time)         (b. 1738 - d. 1807)
1775 - 1777                Craister Greathead                 (d. 1780)
1774 - 27 Jan 1781         William Matthew Burt               (d. 1781)
27 Jan 1781 - Aug 1781     Anthony Johnson (acting)
1781 - Jun 1788            Thomas Shirley (1st time)          (b. 1727 - d. 1800)
16 Jun 1788 - 1790         John Nugent                        (b. 17.. - d. 1814)
1790 - Aug 1791            Thomas Shirley (2nd time)          (s.a.)
13 Aug 1791 - 1795         William Woodley (2nd time)         (s.a.)
1795 -  3 Jul 1796         Charles Leigh                      (b. c.1748 - d. 1815)
1796                       Archibald Esdail (acting)
1796 - Apr 1797            John S. Thomas (acting)
1797 - 14 Feb 1801         Robert Thomson (acting)
14 Feb 1801 -  3 Aug 1807  Ralph Payne, Baron Lavington       (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
 3 Aug 1807 - 13 Mar 1809  William Woodley                    (b. 17.. - d. 1809)
1809                       James Tyson (acting)               (b. 17.. - d. 1809)
11 Sep 1809 - 14 Jul 1810  John Julius (1st time) (acting)    (b. 1768 - d. 1815)
15 Jul 1810 - 28 Oct 1813  Hugh Elliot                        (b. 1752 - d. 1830)
1813 - 1814                John Julius (2nd time) (acting)    (s.a.)
15 Apr 1814 - 31 Jul 1815  Sir James Leith                    (b. 1763 - d. 1816)
31 Jul 1815 - 13 May 1816  Henry Rawlins (acting)             (b. 1760 - d. 1823)
1816                       Stedman Rawlins (acting)
1816 - 1833                Post abolished
1833 - 1871                the governors of Antigua
1871 - 1873                Sir Benjamin Chilley Campbell Pine (b. 1809 - d. 1891)
1873 - 1874                Sir Henry Turner Irving            (b. 1833 - d. 1923)
1874 - 1875                William Cleaver Francis Robinson   (b. 1834 - d. 1897)
  3 Feb 1875 - 1881         Sir George Berkeley               (b. 1819 - d. 1905)
1881                       H.J.B. Bufford-Hancock (acting)    (b. 1816 - d. 1898)
1881 - 1884                Sir John Hawley Glover             (b. 1829 - d. 1885)
1884 - 1885                Sir Charles Cameron Lees           (b. 1831 - d. 1898)
1885                       Charles Monroe Eldridge (acting)   (b. 1825 - d. 1888)
1885 - 1888                Jenico William Joseph Preston,     (b. 1837 - d. 1907)
                             Viscount Gormanston
1888                       Sir Charles Bullen Hugh Mitchell   (b. 1836 - d. 1899)
                             (acting)
1888 - 1895                Sir William Frederick Haynes Smith (b. 1839 - d. 1928)
1895 -  4 Jul 1901         Sir Francis Fleming                (b. 1842 - d. 1922)
 5 Jul - 30 Oct 1901       Sir George Melville (acting)       (b. 1842 - d. 1924)
Oct 1901 - 1902            Sir Henry Moore Jackson            (b. 1849 - d. 1908)
1902 - 1904                Sir Gerald Strickland              (b. 1861 - d. 1940)
1904                       Henry Hesketh Joudou Bell          (b. 1864 - d. 1952)
                             (1st time)(acting)
1904 - 16 Dec 1905         Sir Clement Courtenay Knollys      (b. 1849 - d. 1905)
1905 - 1906                Henry Hesketh Joudou Bell          (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)(acting)
1906 - 1912                Sir Ernest Bickham Sweet-Escott    (b. 1857 - d. 1941)
1912 - 1916                Sir Henry Hesketh Joudou Bell      (s.a.)
                             (3rd time)
1916 - 1921                Sir Edward Marsh Merewether        (b. 1858 - d. 1938)
1916 -  6 Mar 1919         Thomas Alexander Vans Best         (b. 1870 - d. 1941)
                             (acting for Merewether)
 4 Dec 1921 - 1929         Sir Eustace Edward Twistleton-     (b. 1864 - d. 1943)
                             Wykeham-Fiennes 
1929 - 1936                Sir Thomas Reginald St. Johnston   (b. 1881 - d. 1950)
28 Apr 1930 - 12 Sep 1930  Edward William Baynes              (b. 1880 - d. 1962)
                             (acting for St. Johnston)    
1936 - 1941                Sir Gordon James Lethem            (b. 1886 - d. 1962)
1941 - 1943                Sir Douglas James Jardine          (b. 1888 - d. 1946)
1943 - 1947                Sir Leslie Brian Freeston          (b. 1892 - d. 1958)
1947 - 1948                William Alexander Macnie (acting)  (b. 1899 - d. 1972)
1948 - 17 Sep 1950         Oliver Ridsdale Baldwin,           (b. 1899 - d. 1958)
                             Earl Baldwin of Bewdley
17 Sep 1950 - 18 Oct 1956  Kenneth William Blackburne         (b. 1907 - d. 1980)
                             (from 5 Jun 1952, Sir Kenneth William Blackburne) 
18 Oct 1956 -  1 Jan 1960  Alexander Thomas Williams          (b. 1903 - d. 1984)
                             (from 1958, Sir Alexander Thomas Williams) 

Governors
1632 - 1635                Sir Thomas Warner                  (b. 1580 - d. 1648)
1635 - 1639                Edward Warner                      (d. 1640)
Jun 1639 - Dec 1639        Sir Henry Hunks (Huncks)
1639 - 1640                Rowland Thompson
1640 - 1652                Henry Ashton                       (b. bf.1615 - d. af.1657)
1652 - 1660                Christopher Keynell                (d. 1663)
1661 - 1664                John Bunckley
1665 -  3 Nov 1666         Robert Carden                      (d. 1667)
 3 Nov 1666 - 1667         Robert le Frichot des Friches,
                             sieur de Clodoré -French governor
Nov 1666 -  9 Nov 1666     Quest (acting)                     (d. 1666)
1666 - 1667?               Daniel Fitche
1667 - 1668                William, Baron of Willoughby       (b. 1616 - d. 1673)
1668 - 1670                Henry Willoughby                   (b. 1626 - d. 1685)
                             (acting for William)
1671 - 1675                Philip Warner                      (d. 1689)
Lieutenant governors
1668 - 1671                Samuel Winthrop                    (b. 1627 - d. 1674)
1675 - 1678                Rowland Williams (1st time)        (b. 16.. - d. 1713)
1678 - 1680                James Vaughan                      (d. 1681)
1680 - 1682                Valentine Russell
1682 - 1683                Paul Lee
1683 - 1688                Edward Powell
1689 - 1692                Rowland Williams (2nd time)        (s.a.)
1692 - 1697                John Parry (acting)
1697 - 1715                John Yeamans (acting to 1698)      (d. 1743)
1715 -  4 Dec 1741         Edward Byam                        (b. 1662 - d. 1741)
1742 - 1746                George Lucas                       (d. 1747)
Governors 
1747 - 1816                the Governors of the Leeward Islands
Lieutenant governors (non-resident)
1747?  - Nov 1749          David Monroe                       (d. 1749)
1750 - 26 Nov 1754         John Gunthorpe                     (d. 1754)
1755 - Sep 1772            Francis Hawley, Lord Hawley        (b. c.1673 - d. 1772)
18 Dec 1772 - 1780         James Adolphus Oughton             (b. 1719 - d. 1780)
1786 - 1814?               Robert Matthews                    (b. 17.. - d. 1814)
                             (Lieutenant governor)
Presidents
c.1747 - Apr 1750          Charles Dunbar
1750 - 1752                Josiah (Joseph) Martin (acting)    (d. 1778)
1752 - 1753                John Tomlinson                     (d. 1753)
1753 - 1760                Andrew Lessly                      (d. 1780)
1768/1770/1779             Edward Otto Bayer
1760? - 18 Dec 1785        Thomas Jarvis                      (b. 1722 - d. 1785)
1786 - 1815?               Edward Byam
1815? - 1819               Thomas Norbury Kerby               (b. 1758 - d. 1819)
Governors
1816 -  1 Nov 1819         George William Ramsay              (b. 1770 - d. 1838)
1819 - 1820                T. Norbury Kerby (acting)          (b. 1751 - d. 1820)   
1820 - 1826                Sir Benjamin D'Urban               (b. 1777 - d. 1849)
1826 - 1832                Sir Patrick Ross                   (b. 1778 - d. 1850)
1832 - 1836                Evan John Murray MacGregor         (b. 1785 - d. 1841)
                             (acting to 1834)
1836 - 1837                Henry Light (acting)               (b. 1783 - d. 1870)
1837 - Jul 1840            Sir William MacBean George         (b. 1787 - d. 1870)
                             Colebrooke 
1840 - Feb 1842            John Macphail (acting)
Feb 1842 - 1845            Sir Charles Augustus Fitzroy       (b. 1796 - d. 1858)
1845 - 1847                C.J. Cunningham (acting)
1847 - 1850                James Macaulay Higginson           (b. 1805 - d. 1885)
1850 - 1855                Robert James Mackintosh            (b. 1806 - d. 1864)
1855 - 1859                Ker Baillie Hamilton (1st time)    (b. 1804 - d. 1889)
1859                       Hercules Robinson (acting)         (b. 1824 - d. 1897)
1859                       B.E. Jarvis (acting)
Apr 1859 - Apr 1860        Edward John Eyre (acting)          (b. 1815 - d. 1901)
1860                       Sir William Byam (1st time)(acting)
1860 - 1863                Ker Baillie Hamilton (2nd time)    (s.a.)
1863                       Sir William Byam (2nd time)(acting)
1863 - 1866                Sir Stephen John Hill (1st time)   (b. 1809 - d. 1891)
1866 - 1867                Sir Benjamin Chilley Campbell Pine (b. 1809 - d. 1891)
                             (1st time)(acting)
1867 - 1869                Sir Stephen John Hill (2nd time)   (s.a.)
1869 - 1871                Sir Benjamin Chilley Campbell Pine (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
1871                       Edwin Donald Baynes (acting)       (d. 1885)
1871 - 1936                the Governors of the Leeward Islands
Presidents (also the Colonial Secretaries of the Leeward Islands)
1871 - 1883?               Edwin Donald Baynes                (s.a.)
1883                       Henry Spencer Berkeley (acting)
1883 - 1888                Neale Porter
1888 - 1895                Frederick Evans                    (b. 1849 - d. 19..)
1895 - 1902                Sir George Melville                (b. 1842 - d. 1924)
16 Aug 1901 - 30 Oct 1901  E.A. Foster (acting for Melville)
1902 - 1912?               ....
c.1912                     H.E.W. Grant
1912? - 1919?              Thomas Alexander Vans Best         (b. 1870 - d. 1941)
13 Jun 1920 - 1924         Thomas Reginald St. Johnston       (b. 1881 - d. 1950)
                            (from 1923, Sir Thomas Reginald St. Johnston)
17 Oct 1925 - 1935?        Edward William Baynes              (b. 1880 - d. 1962)
28 Apr 1930 - 12 Sep 1930  E.D'A Tibbits (acting for Baynes)
1935? - 1936               ....
Administrators
1936 - 10 Jul 1936         Hubert Eugène Bader                (b. 1902 - d. 1936)
1936 - 1941                James Dundas Harford               (b. 1899 - d. 1993)
1941 - 1944                Herbert Boon                       (b. 1901 - d. 1989)
1944 - 1946                F.S. Harcourt                      (b. 1899 - d. 1986)
1946 - 1947                Leslie Stuart Greening             (b. 1902 - d. 1986)
1947 - 1954                Richard St. John Ormerod Wayne     (b. 1904 - d. 1959)
1954 - 1958                Alec Lovelace                      (b. 1907 - d. 1981)
 3 Oct 1958 - 1964         Ian Graham Turbott                 (b. 1922)
 6 Mar 1964 - 1967         Sir David James Gardiner Rose      (b. 1923 - d. 1969)
Governor
27 Feb 1967 -  1 Nov 1981  Wilfred E. Jacobs                  (b. 1919 - d. 1995)
                             (from 19 Jul 1967, Sir Wilfred E. Jacobs)  

Chief minister
 1 Jan 1960 - 27 Feb 1967  Vere Cornwall Bird                 (b. 1910 - d. 1999)  ALP
Premiers
27 Feb 1967 - 14 Feb 1971  Vere Cornwall Bird (1st time)      (s.a.)               ALP
14 Feb 1971 -  1 Feb 1976  George Herbert Walter              (b. 1928 - d. 2008)  PLM
 1 Feb 1976 -  1 Nov 1981  Vere Cornwall Bird (2nd time)      (s.a.)               ALP

Party abbreviations: ALP = Antigua Labour Party (conservative, est.1946); PLM = Progressive Labour Movement (1971-92, merged into UPP)

Queen¹
 1 Nov 1981 -              the Queen of the United Kingdom
Governors-general (representing the British monarch as head of state)
 1 Nov 1981 - 10 Jun 1993  Sir Wilfred Ebenezer Jacobs        (b. 1919 - d. 1995)
10 Jun 1993 - 17 Jul 2007  James Beethoven Carlisle           (b. 1937)
                             (from 9 Nov 1993, Sir James Beethoven Carlisle)
17 Jul 2007 -              Louise Agnetha Lake-Tack (f)       (b. 1944)
                             (from 17 Oct 2007, Dame Louise Agnetha Lake-Tack)

Prime ministers
 1 Nov 1981 -  9 Mar 1994  Vere Cornwall Bird                 (b. 1910 - d. 1999)  ALP
 9 Mar 1994 - 24 Mar 2004  Lester Bryant Bird                 (b. 1938)            ALP
24 Mar 2004 -              Winston Baldwin Spencer            (b. 1948)            UPP

  ¹Full style:
(a) 1 Nov 1982 - 11 Feb 1982: "By the Grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Her other Realms and Territories Queen, Head of the Commonwealth, Defender of the Faith";
(b) from 11 Feb 1982: "By the Grace of God, Queen of Antigua and Barbuda and of Her other Realms and Territories, Head of the Commonwealth."

Party abbreviations: ALP = Antigua Labour Party (conservative, est.1946); UPP = United Progressive Party (conservative, est.1992)

11 Nov 1493                Discovered by Spanish, named Isla Dulcina.
1628                       Barbuda an English colony.
1632                       Becomes a dependency of Antigua.
1666                       The village of Codrington established. 
 9 Jan 1685 - 1870         Barbuda leased to the Codrington family by the crown.
1816 - 1832                Part of Antigua-Barbuda-Montserrat colony.
 1 Aug 1860                United with Antigua.
1894 - Oct 1898            Leased to the Barbuda Company.
23 Dec 1976                Barbuda Local Government Act grants limited autonomy. 
 1 Oct 1980                Failed separation attempt from Antigua.
 1 Nov 1981                Part of independent Antigua and Barbuda.

Governor
1628 - 1632                John Littleton
Leaseholders (Administrators)
 9 Jan 1685 -  7 Apr 1710  Sir Christopher Codrington, Jr.    (b. 1668 - d. 1710)
                           + John Codrington (to 5 Jun 1705)  (b. 16.. - d. 1705)
 7 Apr 1710 - 17 Dec 1738  Sir William Codrington I           (d. 1738)
17 Dec 1738 - 11 Mar 1792  Sir William Codrington II          (b. 1719 - d. 1792)
11 Mar 1792 -  5 Sep 1816  Sir William Codrington III         (b. c.1737 - d. 1816)
 5 Sep 1816 - 1839         Sir Christopher Bethell-Codrington (b. 1764 - d. 1843)
1839 - 1855                Sir William Christopher Codrington (b. 1805 - d. 1864)
1855 - 1870                Sir C.N.B. Codrington (to 18..)    (d. 18..)
                           + E. Dowdeswell
1870 - 1894                George Hopkins
                             (magistrate from 1863/64)
                           + Rev. W. Cowley
1894 - Oct 1898            the Barbuda Company
Wardens (magistrates)
1888 - 18..                C. Musgrave
c.1896/97                  J.F. Smyth (acting)
1901 - c.1913              ....
c.1913 - 1920              O. Nugent
Mar 1920 - 1931            G.G.D. Downing
1931 - 1935                Henry Darrell Carlton Moore        (b. 1900 - d. ....)
c.1936/39                  C.W. Thibou
c.1940                     G. Sutherland
c.1947/48                  A.McP. Taylor
c.1948/50                  C.A. Gomez
19.. - 1952                C.E. Greenaway
1952 - 1953                G.A. Thibou                        (b. 1921)
1954 - Apr 1957            R.S. Byron
Apr 1957 - 19..            J.H. Joseph
c.1960/63                  A. Dyer
1964 - c.1967              Evan Landon Creque
c.1967                     Albert Lewis
c.1967 - 1981              ....
Chairmen of the Barbuda Council
1977 - 1979                ....
1979 - 1985                Thomas Hilbourne Frank (1st time)  (b. 1932)       BPM
1985 - 1989                Arthur Manoah Nibbs (1st time)     (b. 1958)       BPM
1989 - 1997                Thomas Hilbourne Frank (2nd time)  (s.a.)          BPM
1997 - Apr 2001            Arthur Manoah Nibbs (2nd time)     (s.a.)          BPM
Apr 2001 - 2005            Fabian Jones (1st time)                            BPM 
2005 - 19 Jan 2006         Lincoln Burton                                     BPM
19 Jan 2006 -  9 Jan 2008  Randolph Beazer                                    BPM
 9 Jan 2008 - 31 Mar 2009  Fabian Jones (2nd time)                            BPM
 1 Apr 2009 - Mar 2013     Kelvin Punter                                      BPM
Mar 2013 -                 Arthur Manoah Nibbs (3rd time)     (s.a.)          BPMC

Party abbreviations: BPM = Barbuda People's Movement (regionalist, advocates greater autonomy, UPP ally, est.1978); BPMC = Barbuda People's Movement for Change (regionalist, ALP ally, est.2002)

11 Nov 1493                Discovered by Christopher Colombus and named 
                             Santa Maria la Redonda (St. Mary the Round).
Jun 1865                   Kingdom of Redonda² proclaimed (not recognized by U.K.).
26 Mar 1872                Annexed by Britain; incorporated into Antigua.
27 Feb 1967                Dependency of Antigua.
 1 Nov 1981                Dependency of independent Antigua and Barbuda.

King²
Jun 1865 - 26 Mar 1872     Matthew I                          (b. 1824 - d. 1888)

 ²In Jun 1865 Matthew Dowdy Shiel (s.a.), an Irish merchant in Montserrat dedicated to shipping, was on the island or Redonda, which that at that time did not belong to any country. In celebration of the birth of his son, and with certain influence of the abundance of the alcohol, Matthew Shiel proclaimed the island for himself as a kingdom, and himself as King Matthew I.  Seven years later Britain took possession from the island ignoring the claim of Shiel. Following the British annexation, several dubious events occurred. Matthew abdicated on 21 Jul 1880 in favor of his son, Philippe Shiel (Matthew Phipps Shiel) (b. 1865 - d. 1947), who was proclaimed king Philip (or Felipe) I, he died 17 Feb 1947, leaving "the succession" - by testament to his literary adviser, the poet John Gawsworth as Juan I (real name: Terence Ian Fytton Armstrong)(b. 1912 - d. 1970). Juan I tried to sell the island to the Swedish royal family but was prevented by Britain.  After the death of Juan I on 23 Sep 1970, the crown was demanded by Jon Wynne-Tyson (Juan II)(b. 1924). Juan II reportedly the crown to Spanish writer Javier Marías (Xavier I)(b. 1951) on 6 Jul 1997.  However, in 1984 the "nobility" recognized Cedric Boston (Cedric I) as king. Juan II abdicated abdicated in favor of history professor William Leonard Gates (Leo V) on the 26 Oct 1989.  At the moment there are as many as nine pretenders to "the throne" of Redonda, among them Bob Williamson (Robert I "the bald") a successor of Jon Wynne-Tyson, who assumes he inherited the "kingdom" on the death of Juan II. Robert I supposedly "acceded" to the throne in 1997 and dying 29 Aug 2009, which led to Michael Howorth (Michael the Grey) to claim the crown on 11 Dec 2009.