Saint-Pierre and Miquelon
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- Local Flag Adopted
1982
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Map
of
St. Pierre and Miquelon
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Hear
National
Anthem
"La Marseillaise"
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Text
of
National Anthem
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Constitution
(28 Sep 1958)
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Capital:
Saint-Pierre
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Currency:
Euro (EUR);
1972-1 Jan 2002 French
Franc
(FRF); 1960-1972 Saint
Pierre
CFA Nouveau Franc (XCF);
1943-1960 Saint Pierre CFA
Franc (XCFG); 1839-1943
French Franc (FRF)
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National
Holiday: 14 Jul (1789)
Fête Nationale
(National Holiday
"Bastille Day")
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Local Holiday: 15
Aug
Assomption (Assumption
Day)
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Population:
5,471 (2018)
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GDP: $261.3
million (2015)
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Exports:
$6.64 million (2010)
Imports: $95.3
million (2010)
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Ethnic groups:
Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon (Bretons,
Basques,
French) 82.1%, metropolitan French
13.1%,
others 4.8% (2006)
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Total Police
Forces: 27 (2011)
Defense is the
Responsibility of France
Merchant marine:
None (2018)
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Religions:
Roman Catholic 86.8%, other and
unknown
Christian 2.4%, other religionist
1.5%, not religious/
atheist 4%, unknown 5.3% (2015)
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International
Organizations/Treaties: UPU,
WFTU, WMO
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Saint-Pierre
and Miquelon
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Chronology
19 Oct
1520
Discovered
by Portuguese navigator José
Álvarez
Faguendes, named Eleven Thousand
Virgins'
Islands (Islas de Onze
Mille Virgens) but
the royal court names them the Green
Islands.
5 Jun
1535
Sighted by Jacques Cartier and named Saint-Pierre.
c.1579
The
name of Miquelon was coined.
1604
French settlements begins.
1670
Annexed by France, subordinated to
Plaisance
until
1713.
1693
First local administrator named by
French governor
of Plaisance.
1702,
1703,
1707
British privateers pillage
the Islands.
1708
-
1710
Abandoned.
1708,
1710,
1712
British privateers pillage
the Islands.
11
Apr 1713 - 14 Jul 1763 British
rule (as part of Nova
Scotia)(renamed
Saint
Peter's and Miquelon).
1722
Miquelon granted by the
governor of Nova Scotia to
Diamond Sarjeant, resident
of Massachusetts,
who in 1756
sold 2/3 of Miquelon to Samuel Cutt
of New
Hampshire; and then in 1758 he sold
the
remainder
to Robert Trail of Portsmouth,
New
Hampshire.
1757
-
1781
Grande Miquelon and
Petite Miquelon (Langlade)
are
separated by a channel.
14 Jul
1763
Separate
French colony (Saint Pierre and Miquelon)
(Îles Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon).
14
Sep 1778 - 28 Jul 1783 British
occupation, islanders are deported (islands
are administered
by Newfoundland).
1790
Commune des
Îles
Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon
declared
by the
Assemblée générale de la commune
des iles
Saint-Pierre et Miquelon.
14 May 1793 - 20 Aug 1802
British occupation, on 14 Sep
1794 the remaining
islanders are deported
(islands are administered
by Newfoundland).
4
Sep 1796
French
Admiral Joseph de Richery raids the
islands.
20
Mar 1803 - 22 Jun 1816 British
occupation (islands
are administered by
Newfoundland).
25
May
1816
French
settlers begin arriving.
22
Jun
1816
French colony (formal retocession).
14 Sep 1939 - 25 Dec 1941
Subordinated to High Commissioner and
Commander
of the Theater Atlantic West (see Martinique).
16
Jun 1940 - 25 Dec 1941
Administration loyal to "Vichy" France
(from 25 Dec 1941, "Free" French).
27
Oct
1946
French
overseas territory.
19
Jul
1976
French
overseas département.
11
Jun
1985
French
collectivité territoriale.
28
Mar 2003
French
overseas collectivité
(with the designation
collectivité territoriale).
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Captain (representative of the governor of
Plaisance)
1689 - 1693
Louis de Pastour de Costebelle (b.
c.1658 - d. 1732)
Governor
1693 - 1702
Jacques-Simon
de Belleorme (b. 1657?
- d. 1729)
(or Beleorme)
Commandant
1 Mar 1702
- 1709
Sébastien Le Gonard, baron de (b.
1674 - d. 1710)
Sourdeval
1709 - 1763
Vacant,
abandoned
Governors
14 Jun 1763 - 31 Jul 1773 François
Gabriel
d'Angeac
(b. 1708 - d. 1782)
1773 - 15 Sep
1778
Charles Gabriel Sébastien, baron
de l'Espérance (1st
time) (b. 1725
- d. 1791)
British Commanders
14 Sep 1778 - 11 Oct 1778 John Evans
(b. 1717 - d. 1794)
(commodore, HMS Invincible)
11 Oct 1778 - Oct
1778 Robert
Linzee
(b. 1739 - d. 1804)
(commander, HMS Surprise)
Governors
Oct 1778 - 28 Jul 1783
Vacant, abandoned
28 Jul 1783 - 16 Jun 1785
Charles Gabriel Sébastien, baron
de l'Espérance (2nd
time) (s.a.)
Commandants
16 Jun 1785 - 14 May 1793 Jean-Antoine
Nicolas Dandasne dit (b. 1734 - d.
af.1815)
Danseville, seigneur
de L'Étendard
29 Mar 1788 - 15 Oct 1790 Julien Gausse
du Mesnil-Ambert
(acting for Dandasne-Danseville)
British
Commanders
14 May 1793 - Jun 1793 James
Ogilvie
(b. c.1740 - d.
1813)
(commander, 4th Regiment of Foot)
19 Nov 1793 - 15 Sep 1794 Peregrine "Percy"
Francis Thorne (b. 1750 - d. 1819)
(major-commandant, 14th regiment of foot)
15 Sep 1794 - 20 Aug 1802 Vacant,
abandoned
20 Aug 1802
Henry
Folkes Edgell
(b. 1767 - d. 1846)
(captain,
HMS Pluto)
French Commissioners
20 Aug 1802 - 17 Sep 1802
Jocet (Tocet)(acting)
(captain, frigate Surveillant)
17 Sep 1802 - 20 Mar 1803 Jean-Philippe
Bourrilhon (1st time)(b. 1749 - d. 1826)
British Commanders
20 Mar 1803 - 21 Mar 1803 Richard Longfield
Davies (b. 1775 - d.
1846)
(captain,
HMS Aurora)
21 Mar 1803 - 22 Jun
1816 Vacant,
abandoned
26 Aug 1815 - 1815
David Buchan
(b. 1780 - d. 1838)
(captain,
HMS Pike)
22 Jun 1816 (hours)
John Cooksley
(commander, HMS Hazard)
Commissioner
22 Jun 1816 - 1 Nov 1818 Jean-Philippe
Bourrilhon (2nd time)(s.a.)
(arrives 25 May 1816)
Commandants and Administrators
1 Nov 1818 - 20 Jun
1819 Augustin Valentin
Borius
(b. 1772 - d. 1844)
(1st time) (interim)
20 Jun 1819 - 11 Jun 1825 Philippe
Athanase Hélène Fayolle (b. 1772 - d. 1831)
11 Jun 1825 - 28 May 1828 Augustin
Valentin
Borius
(s.a.)
(2nd time)
28 May 1828 - 10 Sep 1839 Joseph Louis
Michel Bruë
(b.
1782 - d. 1843)
1 Oct 1831 - 16 Apr
1832 François Julien Guy Paris
(b. 1779 - d.
18..)
(1st time) (interim)
7 Oct 1835 - 14 Jun
1836 François Julien Guy Paris
(s.a.)
(2nd time) (interim)
10 Sep 1839 - 1 Jul 1842 Louis
Alexandre
Mamyneau
(b. 1779 - d. 1843)
Commandants
1 Jul 1842 - 14 Jul
1842 Hubert Eléonore Napoléon Philibert (b. 1807 -
d. 1872)
Philippe Alfred Guichon de
Grandpont (interim)
14 Jul 1842 - 3 Jul 1845 Joseph
Alphonse Desrousseaux
(b. 1789 - d. 1875)
3 Jul 1845
- 14 Oct 1849 Joseph Marie Fidèle Delécluse
(b. 1785 - d. 1858
(commandant and commissioner)
14 Oct 1849 - 3 Jul 1850 Prosper
Benony Bruslé (interim) (b. 1802 - d.
1883)
3 Jul 1850 - 10 Oct
1855 Jacques François
Gervais
(b. 1795? - d. 1869)
(1st time)
10 Oct 1855 - 14 May 1856 Ange Simon
Gautier (interim)
(b. 1809 - d. 1863)
14 May 1856 - 4 May 1859 Jacques
François
Gervais
(s.a.)
(2nd time)
4 May 1859 - 13 Sep
1863 Émile François Guillaume Clément, (b.
1803 - d. 1874)
comte de la Roncière
13 Sep 1863 - 13 Feb 1864 Auguste La
Borde
(interim)
(b. 1815 - d. 1905)
13 Feb 1864 - 3 May 1864 Ernest
Joseph Nicolas d'Heureux (b. 1828 - d.
1893)
(1st time) (interim)
3 May 1864 - 19 May
1864 Charles Faure (acting)
19 May 1864 - 9 May 1872 Pierre
Vincent
Cren
(b. 1815 - d. 1878)
12 Oct 1868 - 6 May 1869 Alexandre
Marie Le
Clos
(b. 1828 - d. 1886)
(interim)
9 May 1872 - 18 May
1873 Ernest Joseph Nicolas
d'Heureux (s.a.)
(2nd time) (interim)
18 May 1873 - 30 Jul 1876 Charles Henri
Alfred Joubert (b.
1831 - d. 1885)
30 Jul 1876 - 28 May 1877 Auguste Victor
Arnoux Tranchevent (b. 1835 - d. 1894)
(interim)
28 May 1877 - 25 Nov 1879 Antoine Étienne
Guien
(b. 1829 - d. 1908)
25 Nov 1879 - 18 Jan 1880 Auguste René
Cariot (interim) (b. 1833
- d. 1901)
18 Jan 1880 - 26 Apr 1886 Edgard Charles,
comte de
(b. 1826 - d. 1913)
Saint-Phalle
26 Apr 1886 - 5 Jun 1886 Aristide
Le Fol
(interim)
(b. 1838 - d. 1923)
5 Jun 1886 - 5
Sep 1887 Henri de
Lamothe
(b. 1843 - d. 1926)
Governors
5 Sep 1887 - 5
Dec 1887 Henri Félix de Lamothe (1st time)
(s.a.)
5 Dec 1887 - 15 Feb
1888 Aristide Le Fol
(interim)
(s.a.)
15 Feb 1888 - 21 Mar 1888 Justin Jean Hébert-Suffrin
(b. 1847 - d. 1894)
(interim)
21 Mar 1888 - 22 Apr 1888 Henri
Charles Roberdeau (1st time) (b. 1849 - d. 1916)
(interim)
22 Apr 1888 - 17 Sep 1889 Henri Félix de
Lamothe (2nd time) (s.a.)
17 Sep 1889 - 1 Apr 1891 Henri
Charles Roberdeau (2nd time) (s.a.)
(interim)
1 Apr 1891 - 6
Aug 1891 Théophile Henri Bergès (1st time)
(b. 1851? - d. 1906)
(interim)
6 Aug 1891 - 7
Sep 1893 Paul Théodore Ernest Marie Feillet (b.
1857 - d. 1903)
7 Sep 1893 - 3
Aug 1894 Maurice Caperon (1st
time)
(b. 1846 - d. 1907)
(interim)
3 Aug 1894 - 25 Oct
1895 Laurent Marie Émile
Beauchamp (b. 1838 - d.
1901)
25 Oct 1895 - 29 Apr 1896 Théophile Henri
Bergès (2nd time) (s.a.)
(interim)
29 Apr 1896 - 27 Aug 1896 Henri Tournie
(interim)
(b.
1852 - d. 1910)
27 Aug 1896 - 22 Nov 1897 Paul Daclin,
dit Daclin-Sibour (b. 1840 - d.
1899)
(1st
time)
22 Nov 1897 - 25 Feb 1899 Maurice Caperon
(2nd
time)
(s.a.)
(interim)
25 Feb 1899 - 14 Aug 1899
Paul Daclin, dit Daclin-Sibour
(s.a.)
(2nd time)
14 Aug 1899 - 8 Feb 1900 Maurice
Caperon (3rd
time)
(s.a.)
(interim)
8 Feb 1900 - 9
Sep 1900 Paul
Samary
(b. 1848 - d. 1911)
9 Sep 1900 - 13 Jun
1901 Maurice Caperon (4th
time)
(s.a.)
(interim)
13 Jun 1901 - 15 May 1904 Philippe Émile
Jullien
(b. 1845 - d. 1912)
5 Jun 1902 - 27 Jun
1902 Gaston Paul Certonciny (interim) (b.
1858 - d. 1916)
10 Sep 1902 - 25 Jul 1903 Maurice Caperon
(5th
time)
(s.a.)
(interim)
15 May 1904 - 26 May 1904 René André
(interim)
26 May 1904 - 8 Dec 1904 Maurice
Caperon (6th
time)
(s.a.)
(interim)
8 Dec 1904 - 9
Jun 1905 Paul Jean François Cousturier
(b. 1849 - d. 1921)
9 Jun 1905 - 12 May
1906 Gabriel
Angoulvant
(b. 1872 - d. 1932)
Administrators
12 May 1906 - 15 Aug 1908 Raphaël
Valentin Marius Antonette (b. 1872 - d.
1938)
6 Jan 1908 - 11 Mar
1908 Léon Alexandre Bosquet (interim) (b.
1858 - d. 1912)
15 Aug 1908 - 28 Nov 1908 Charles Moulin
(interim)
28 Nov 1908 - 1 Jul 1911 Pierre
Jean Henri
Didelot
(b. 1870 - d. 1941)
1 Jul 1911 - 10 Feb
1912 Ferdinand Longue (interim)
10 Feb 1912 - 2 Sep 1913 Charles
Rémy Victor Omar Marchand (b. 1860 - d.
19..)
2 Sep 1913 - 21 Apr
1914 Joseph Evariste Fabre
(interim) (b. 1861 - d. 1931)
21 Apr 1914 - 27 Jul 1915 Laurent Chabaud
(interim)
(b. 1872 - d. 19..)
27 Jul 1915 -
191.
Ernest Philippe François Lachat (b.
1876 - d. 1950)
Governors
191. - 1 May
1923
Ernest Philippe François Lachat (s.a.)
(interim)
1 May 1923 - 12 Oct
1927 Jean Henri Émile
Bensch
(b. 1868 - d. 1944)
21 Oct 1925 - 30 Apr 1926 Mar Albert
Augustin Michel (b. 1892 -
d. 1971)
(interim)
12 Oct 1927 - 27 Feb 1928 Charles Louis
Nirpot (interim) (b. 1883 - d. 1963)
27 Feb 1928 - 14 Feb 1929 François Adrien
Juvanon
(b.
1875 - d. 1950)
14 Feb 1929 - 5 May 1932 Henri
Camille Sautot (interim) (b.
1885 - d. 1963)
30 Oct 1930
Auguste Eugène Ludovic Tholance
(b. 1878 - d. 1938)
(appointed but not installed)
31 Oct 1930
Louis Joseph Bouge
(b. 1878 - d.
1960)
(appointed but not installed)
5 May 1932 - 20 Feb 1933
Georges Marie Roger Chanot (interim)
Administrators
20 Feb 1933 - 17 Dec 1936 Georges Jules
Eugène Barrillot (b. 1892 - d.
19..)
17 Dec 1936 - 24 Dec 1941 Gilbert de
Bournat
(b. 1896 - d. 1981)
24 Dec 1941 - 25 Dec 1941 Émile
Muselier
(b. 1888 - d. 1965) Mil
(commander of "Free" French forces)
25 Dec 1941 - 25 Feb 1943 Alain
Savary
(b. 1918 - d. 1988)
25 Feb 1943 - 10 Feb 1946 Pierre Marie
Charles François (b. 1900 - d. 1969)
Garrouste
10 Feb 1946 - 20 Sep 1946 Marc Tchernonog
(interim) (b.
1904 - d. 1973)
20 Sep 1946 - 31 Dec 1947 René André
Marchand
(b. 1903 - d. 1955)
Governors
31 Dec 1947 - 30 Jun 1949 Jean René
Moisset
(b. 1905 - d. 1981)
30 Jun 1949 - 6 Nov 1950 Guy Clech
(interim)
(b. 1916 - d. 2002)
6 Nov 1950 - 25 Apr
1952 Eugène Alain Charles Louis Alaniou (b. 1896 -
d. 1969)
25 Apr 1952 - 5 Jan 1955 Irenée
Francois Antoine Davier (b. 1903
- d. 1971)
5 Jan 1955 - 25 Aug
1958 Pierre René Jean
Sicaud
(b. 1911 - d. 1998)
25 Aug 1958 - 3 Dec 1960 Lucien
René Louis Pont
(b. 1915 - d. 2008)
3 Dec 1960 - 12 Dec
1962 Michel Émile Maillard
(b. 1914 - d. 2000)
12 Dec 1962 - 16 Oct 1965 Jacques
Emmanuel Victor Herry (b. 1922 - d.
2010)
16 Oct 1965 - 5 Jun 1967 Georges
Marie Joseph
Poulet (b.
1914 - d. 2008)
5 Jun 1967 - 7
Apr 1971 Jean-Jacques Nicolas Buggia
(b. 1925)
7 Apr 1971 - 1
Jul 1974 Henri Charles Beaux
(b. 1922 - d. 2006)
2 Aug 1974 - 12 Jun
1975 Jean-Aimé
Cluchard
(b. 1923 - d. 2013)
14 May 1975 - 4 Aug 1976 Jean
Massendès
(b. 1915 - d. 1985)
Prefects (10 May 1982 - 24 Feb
1988, commissioners of the republic)
4 Aug 1976 - 21 May
1977 Jean
Massendès
(s.a.)
3 Jun 1977 - 26 Sep
1979 Pierre Alfred Henri Eydoux
(b. 1921 - d.
2011)
13 Oct 1979 - 11 Jul 1981 Clément
Bouhin
(b. 1926 - d. 2010)
31 Aug 1981 - 23 Mar 1982 Claude
Guyon
(b. 1928 - d. 2016)
13 Apr 1982 - 10 May 1983 Philippe Gaston
Maurice Parant (b. 1932 - d. 2014)
25 Jun 1983 - 26 Mar 1985 Gérard Serge
Roland Lefebvre (b. 1930)
1 Apr 1985 - 14 Jul
1987 Bernard
Leurquin
(b. 1933)
24 Jul 1987 - 20 Dec 1988 Jean-René
Garnier
(b. 1938 - d. 2008)
8 Jan 1989 - 10 Jun
1991 Jean-Pierre
Marquié
(b. 1938)
10 Jun 1991 - 29 Jun 1992 Kamel
Khrissate
(b. 1936)
29 Jun 1992 - 11 Jan 1994 Yves
Henry
(b. 1938)
11 Jan 1994 - 28 Jan 1996 René
Maurice
(b. 1940)
28 Jan 1996 - 23 Nov 1997 Jean-François
Carenco
(b. 1952)
1 Dec 1997 - 25 Oct
1999 Rémi
Thuau
(b. 1951)
25 Oct 1999 - 1 Feb 2001 Francis
Spitzer
(b. 1947)
1 Feb 2001 - 3
Nov 2002 Jean-François
Tallec
(b.
1946)
3 Nov 2002 - 10 Jan
2005 Claude
Valleix
(b. 1945)
10 Jan 2005 - 28 Aug 2006 Albert
Dupuy
(b. 1947)
28 Aug 2006 - Sep 2008
Yves
Fauqueur
(b. 1948)
Sep 2008 - Nov 2009
Jean-Pierre
Berçot
(b. 1947)
30 Nov 2009 - Nov 2011
Jean-Régis
Borius
(b. 1948)
12 Dec 2011 - 2 Sep 2014 Patrice
Latron
(b. 1961)
4 Sep 2014 - Mar 2016
Jean-Christophe
Bouvier
(b. 1966)
Mar 2016 - Jan
2018 Henri
Jean
(b. 1954)
17 Jan 2018 - 23 Jan 2021 Thierry
Devimeux
(b. 1960)
30 Jan 2021 - 20 Aug 2023 Christian
Pouget
(b. 1964)
21 Aug 2023
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Bruno
André
(b. 1962)
Presidents of
the Assemblée
générale de la commune
8
Jul 1792 - 5 May 1793
Jean Bordot
5 May 1793 - 9 May 1793
Joseph Guilbeaud
9 May 1793 - 14 May 1793
René Leforestier (acting)
Presidents
of the General Council (Conseil général)
(holding executive power from 2 Mar 1982)
Jan 1947 - Feb
1952 Henri
Dagort
(b. 1880 - d. 1959) Non-party
Feb 1952 - Nov
1956 Albert
Briand (1st time)
(b. 1909 - d. 1966)
Non-party Dec 1956 - Nov
1964 Henri
Claireaux
(b. 1911 - d. 2001) MRP
Nov
1964 - Oct
1966 Albert
Briand (2nd time)
(s.a.)
Non-party
Oct 1966 - Jun
1968 Paul
Lebailly
(b. 1911 - d.
1968) Non-party
Jun 1968 - 4 Oct
1984 Albert
Pen
(b. 1931 - d. 2003) DVG + PS
4 Oct 1984 - 1
Apr 1994 Marc Plantegenest (1st
time) (b.
1943)
DVG
1 Apr 1994 - 6
Jul 1996 Gérard
Grignon
(b.
1943)
UDF + AD
6 Jul 1996 - 31 Mar
2000 Bernard Le
Soavec
(b.
1948)
DVD
31 Mar 2000 - 27 Dec 2005 Marc
Plantegenest (2nd
time)
(s.a.)
DVG
27 Dec 2005 - 27 Jan 2006 Paul Jaccachury
(interim)
(b. 1956)
DVG
27 Jan 2006 - 31 Mar 2006 Charles
Dodeman
(b. 1949)
DVG
31 Mar 2006 - 21 Feb 2007 Stéphane
Artano
(b. 1973)
AD
Presidents of the Territorial Council
(holding executive power)
21 Feb 2007 - 24 Oct 2017
Stéphane
Artano
(s.a.)
AD
24 Oct 2017 - 13 Oct 2020
Stéphane
Lenormand
(b.
1964)
AD
13 Oct 2020
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Bernard
Briand
(b. 1974)
AD
Party abbreviations: AD
= Archipel Demain (Archipelago Tomorrow, conservative,
christian democratic, affiliated with UDF/RPR/UMP,
est.24 Jan 1985); DVD
= Divers Droite (Diverse Right,
right-wing candidates not members of any large party); DVG
= Divers Gauche (Diverse Left, left-wing
candidates not members of a large party); LR
= Les Républicains (The Republicans, center-right,
former UMP, est.30 May 2015); PS
= Parti Socialiste (Socialist Party,
social-democratic, former SFIO, est.4 May 1969;)
- Former parties: MRP = Mouvement
Républicain Populaire (Popular Republican Movement,
christian democratic, centrist, 1944-1967); RPR
= Rassemblement Pour la République (Rally for the
Republic, Gaullist, conservative, 1976-2002 successor to
UDR, merged into UMP); UDF
= Union pour la Démocratie Française (Union for French
Democracy, christian democratic, centrist, 1978-2007);
UMP = Union pour un Mouvement Populaire
(Union for a Popular Movement [to 17 Nov 2002: Union for
the Presidential Majority], conservative, merger
of RPR, DL and the main part of UDF,
23 Apr 2002-30
May 2015, renamed LR)
© Ben Cahoon
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