Congo
(Brazzaville)
-
- 1 Oct 1880 - 18
Aug 1959
-
|
-
- 18 Aug 1959 - 31
Dec 1969;
- Re-adopted 10 Jun
1991
|
-
- 31 Dec 1969 - 10
Jun 1991
-
|
Map
of Congo (Brazzaville)
|
Hear
National Anthem
"La Congolaise"
(The Congolese)
4 Nov 1959 - 31 Dec 1969;
re-adopted
10 Jun 1991
|
Former
National Anthem
"Les Trois Glorieuses"
(The Three Glorious Days)
(1 Jan 1970 - 10 Jun 1991)
|
Constitution
(20 Jan 2002)
|
Capital:
Brazzaville
|
Currency: Communauté
Financière
Africaine
Franc
(XAF);
1973-1992 Gabon CFA
Franc (GAF)
|
National
Holiday: 15
Aug (1960)
Fête de l'Indépendance
(Independence Day)
|
Population:
5,062,021 (2018) |
GDP:
$29.39 billion (2017)
|
Exports:
$4.19 billion (2017)
Imports: $2.50
billion (2017)
|
Ethnic
groups: Kongo 40.5%, Teke 16.9%,
Mbochi 13.1%,
foreigner 8.2%, Sangha 5.6%,
Mbere/Mbeti/Kele 4.4%,
Punu 4.3%, Pygmy 1.6%, Oubanguiens 1.6%,
Duma 1.5%,
Makaa 1.3%, other and unspecified 1%
(2014-15)
|
Total
Armed Forces: 10,000 (2010)
Merchant marine:
40 ships (2017)
|
Religions:
Roman Catholic 33.1%, Awakening
Churches/Christian Revival
22.3%, Protestant 19.9%, Salutiste
2.2%, Muslim 1.6%, Kimbanguiste (indigenous
Christian) 1.5%, other 8.1%,
none 11.3% (2010)
|
International
Organizations/Treaties: ACP,
AfCFTA, AfDB, APM, AU, BDEAC, BEAC, BTWC,
CCM, CEEAC, CEMAC, CTBT,
CWC, EITI, ESCR, FAO, FZ, G-77, IAEA,
IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, ICSID, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO
(pending), ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC,
IOM, IPU, IRENA
(signatory), ISA, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, LCBC
(observer), MIGA, NAM, NPT, OIF, OPCW,
OPEC, UN, UNCLOS,
UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFCC, UNFCC-KP,
UNFCC-PA,
UNHCR, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO,
WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO |
Congo
Index
|
Chronology
10 Sep
1880
Brazzaville founded by French explorer
Pierre
Savorgnan de Brazza.
1 Oct
1880
Brazzaville a French colony.
5 Feb
1883
French La Mission de L'Ouest
Africain.
26 Feb 1884 - 26 Jun
1884 Portugal declares a
protectorate over Congo
(to no effect).
27 Apr
1886
French Equatorial African (Afrique
Equatorial
Française)(AEF) Protectorate.
27 Apr
1886
French Congo and Gabon colony (Colonie
de Gabon et
Congo).
11 Dec
1888
Part of Middle Congo-Gabon
territory
(part of AEF).
30 Apr
1891
French Equatorial African Protectorate
is
renamed French Congo (Congo
Français).
5 Jul
1902
Middle Congo district part of Lower
Congo-Gabon
colony.
29 Dec
1903
Separate Middle Congo (Moyen-Congo)
colony.
15 Jan
1910
Middle Congo, Gabon,
Oubangui-Chari (now Central
African Republic), and Chad formed
into French
Equatorial Africa Colony (Afrique
Equatorial
Française)(AEF).
30 Jun
1934
Middle Congo Region (part of AEF).
31 Dec
1937
Middle Congo overseas territory of
France (part
of AEF).
16 Jun 1940 - 28 Aug
1940 Administration loyal to
"Vichy" France
(from 28 Aug 1940, under "Free"
French).
27 Oct
1946
Middle Congo overseas territory of
France
(part of AEF).
28 Nov
1958
Republic of Congo (République du
Congo).
28 Nov 1958 - 15 Aug
1960 Member state of the Communauté
(French Community).
17 May 1960 - Jul
1960 Part of
Union of Central African Republics (L'Union
des
Républiques d'Afrique Centrale),
a loose
federation of Chad, Central African
Republic and
Republic of Congo (which withdrew Jul
1960).
15 Aug
1960
Independence from France.
31 Dec 1969
People's Republic of Congo (République
Populaire du
Congo).
4 Jun
1991
Republic of the Congo (République
du Congo).
|
Congo
(from 1883)
|
Traditional
states
|
French
Equatorial Africa
(1886-1960)
|
New
Cameroon
(1916-1921)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
French Equatorial Africa
(AEF)
Map
of French
Equatorial
Africa
|
Capital: Brazzaville
(French Congo)
(Libreville, Gabon
1886-1910)
|
Population: 4,500,000
(1958 est.);
3,418,100 (1936)
|
Currency 1945-1960: Financial
Cooperation in Central
Africa (CFA) Franc (XAF);
1917-1945: French Equatorial
African Franc (XACF); 1910-1917:
French West African Franc
(XOAF) |
Exports: $62.8 million (1953) |
Imports: $104.2 million (1953) |
27 Apr
1886
French Equatorial African (Afrique Equatorial
Française)(AEF)
Protectorate.
30 Apr
1891
French Equatorial African Protectorate is
renamed
French Congo (Congo Français).
15 Jan
1910
Middle Congo, Gabon,
Oubangui-Chari (now Central
African
Republic), and Chad
formed into French Equatorial
Africa Colony (Afrique Equatorial
Française)(AEF).
16 Jun 1940 - 28 Aug 1940 Administration
loyal to "Vichy" France (except for Gabon which
loyal to "Vichy" French until 12 Nov 1940)
(from 28 Aug 1940, AEF under "Free" French).
Commissioners-general
1 Aug 1886 - 28 Sep 1897
Pierre Paul François Camille
(b. 1852 - d. 1905)
Savorgnan de Brazza
(= Pietro Paolo Savorgnan di Brazzà)
1 Aug 1886 - 1 Oct
1886 Georges Élie Pradier
(b. 1843 - d. 1912)
(acting for Brazza)
1 Oct 1886 - Mar
1887 Fortuné Charles de
Chavannes (b. 1853 - d. 1940)
(1st time)(acting for Brazza)
16 Jan 1888 - May
1890 Noël Eugène
Ballay
(b. 1847 - d. 1902)
(acting for Brazza)
25 Nov 1891 - Mar
1892 Fortuné Charles de
Chavannes (s.a.)
(2nd time)(acting for Brazza)
Apr 1892 - May
1892 Fortuné
Charles de Chavannes
(s.a.)
(3d time)(acting for Brazza)
Jun 1892 - Mar
1893 Fortuné
Charles de Chavannes
(s.a.)
(4th time)(acting for Brazza)
17 Mar 1893 - 6 Oct 1893
Alphonse Édouard Lippmann
(b. 1851 - d. 1893)
(acting for Brazza)
Oct 1893 - Nov
1893 Ernest
Emmanuel Gervais
(b. 1852 - d. 1890)
(acting
for Brazza)
Dec 1893 - May
1894 Fortuné
Charles de Chavannes (s.a.)
(5th time)(acting for Brazza)
May 1894 - 1 Jun
1894 Jean-Marie
Le Divellec
(b. 1848 - d. 1896)
(acting for Brazza)
1 Jun 1894 - Nov
1894 Albert Dolisie (1st
time)
(b. 1856 - d. 1899)
(acting for Brazza)
Jan 1895 - Jan
1896 Albert
Dolisie (2nd
time)
(s.a.)
(acting for Brazza)
Mar 1897 - 28 Sep
1897 Albert Dolisie (3rd
time)
(s.a.)
(acting for Brazza)
28 Sep 1897 - 28 Apr 1900 Henri
Félix de
Lamothe
(b. 1843 - d. 1926)
Jun 1898 - Oct
1898 Albert
Dolisie (4th
time)
(s.a.)
(acting for Lamothe)
Oct 1898 - Apr
1899 Martial
Henri Merlin
(b. 1860 - d. 1935)
(acting for Lamothe)
Oct 1899 - Mar
1900
Jean-Baptiste Philémon Lemaire
(b. 1856 - d. 1932)
(acting for Lamothe)
28 Apr 1900 - Dec
1900 Jean-Baptiste Philémon
Lemaire (s.a.)
(acting)
Dec 1900 -
1902
Louis Albert Grodet
(acting) (b. 1853 -
d. 1933)
1902 - 1903
Charles Henri Adrien
Noufflard (b. 1872 - d. 1952)
(acting)
Nov 1903 - 21 Jan
1904 Ambroise Cécile
Arnaud (acting) (b. 1855 - d. 1913)
21 Jan 1904 - 13 Feb 1908 Émile
Gentil
(b. 1866 - d. 1914)
17 Aug 1905 - 11 May 1906 Édouard
Émile Léon
Telle
(b. 1859 - d. 1949)
(acting for Gentil)
25 Sep 1906 - 5 Apr 1907
Alfred Fourneau (acting for Gentil)(b.
1860 - d. 1930)
5 Apr 1907 - 28 Jun 1908 Alfred
Martineau
(b. 1859 - d. 1945)
(acting for Gentil)
Governors-general
28 Jun 1908 - 15 May 1917
Martial Henri
Merlin
(s.a.)
28 Jun 1908 - 16 Feb 1909 Alfred
Martineau
(s.a.)
(acting for Merlin)
18 Oct 1909 - 1910
Charles Amédée Rognon (1st
time) (b. 1861 - d. 1911)
(acting for Merlin)
1910
Adolphe Cureau (acting
for Merlin) (b. 1864 - d. 1913)
1910 - 6 Mar 1911
Charles Amédée Rognon (2nd time)
(s.a.)
(acting for Merlin)
6 Mar 1911 - 1911
Édouard Marie Bertrand Eugène
(b. 1857 - d. 19..)
Dubosc-Taret (acting
for Merlin)
1911 - 11 May 1911
Charles Henri Vergnes (1st time)
(b. 1863 - d. 1935)
(acting for Merlin)
17 Oct 1912 - c.May 1913
Charles Henri Vergnes (2nd time) (s.a.)
(acting for Merlin)
c.May 1913 - 17 Nov 1913
Georges Virgile Poulet
(b. 1859 - d. 1945)
(acting for Merlin)
17 Nov 1913 - 14 Sep
1914 Frédéric Estèbe (1st
time)
(b. 1863 - d. 1936)
(acting for Merlin)
15 May 1917 - 16 May 1920
Gabriel Louis
Angoulvant
(b. 1872 - d. 1932)
17 Jun 1917 - 23 Jul 1918
Frédéric Estèbe (2nd
time)
(s.a.)
(acting for Angoulvant)
Aug 1918 - 16 May 1920
Frédéric Estèbe (3rd time)
(s.a.)
(acting for Angoulvant)
16 May 1920 - 5 Sep
1920 Maurice Pierre Lapalud (acting)
(b. 1868 - d. 1935)
5 Sep 1920 - 21 Aug 1923
Jean Victor
Augagneur
(b. 1855 - d. 1931)
21 Aug 1923 - 8 Jul 1924
Robert Paul Marie de Guise (b.
1872 - d. 1940)
(1st time) (acting)
8 Jul 1924 - 1924
Mattéo Mathieu Maurice
Alfassa (b. 1876 - d. 1942)
(1st time) (acting)
1924 - 1 Oct 1924
Robert Paul Marie de Guise
(s.a.)
(2nd time) (acting)
1 Oct 1924 - 16 Oct 1924 Mattéo
Mathieu Maurice Alfassa (s.a.)
(2nd time) (acting)
16 Oct 1924 - 20 Sep 1934 Raphaël Valentin
Marius Antonetti (b. 1872 - d. 1938)
11 May 1925 - Dec
1925 Mattéo Mathieu Maurice
Alfassa (s.a.)
(3rd time) (acting for Antonetti)
22 Jan 1927 - 1927
Marcel Alix Jean
Marchessou (b.
1879 - d. 1964)
(1st time) (acting for Antonetti)
1927 - 17 Oct 1927
Dieudonné François Joseph Marie (b. 1879 -
d. 1976)
Reste (1st time)(acting for Antonetti)
Nov 1929 - Aug 1930
Mattéo Mathieu Maurice Alfassa
(s.a.)
(4th time) (acting for Antonetti)
27 Nov 1930 - 11 Mar 1931
Adolphe Deitte
(b. 1879
- d. 1949)
(acting for Antonetti)
Dec 1932 - 11 Dec 1933
Mattéo Mathieu Maurice Alfassa
(s.a.)
(5th time) (acting for Antonetti)
20 Sep 1934 - 16 Oct 1934 Marcel
Alix Jean
Marchessou (s.a.)
(2nd time)(acting)
16 Oct 1934 - 15 Mar 1935
Georges Édouard Alexandre Renard (b. 1883 -
d. 1935)
20 Mar 1935 - 5 Apr 1936 Marcel
Alix Jean
Marchessou
(s.a.)
(3rd time)(acting)
5 Apr 1936 - 21 Apr 1939
Dieudonné François Joseph Marie (s.a.)
Reste (2nd time)
21 Apr 1939 - 3 Sep 1939
Léon Solomiac
(acting)
(b. 1873 - d. 1960)
3 Sep 1939 - 28 Aug 1940
Pierre François
Boisson
(b. 1893 - d. 1948)
17 Jul 1940 - 28 Aug 1940 Louis
Husson
(b. 1878 - d. 1963)
(acting for Boisson)
28 Aug 1940 - 12 Nov 1940 Edgard
de Larminat
(acting) (b.
1895 - d. 1962)
12 Nov 1940 - 30 Dec 1940 Marie
Eugène Adolphe Sicé (acting) (b. 1885 - d. 1957)
30 Dec 1940 - 17 May 1944
Adolphe Félix Sylvestre
Éboué (b. 1884 - d. 1944)
(acting to 15 Jul 1941)
Aug 1941 - Jul
1942 Marie
Eugène Adolphe
Sicé
(s.a.)
(High Commissioner of "Free" French Africa)
15 Feb 1944 - 3 Aug 1946
Ange Marie Charles
André
(b. 1896 - d. 1947)
Bayardelle
(acting to 2 Oct 1944 [for Éboué to 17 May 1944])
3 Aug 1946 - 5 Jun
1947 Jean Louis Marie André Soucadaux
(b. 1904 - d. 2001)
(1st time)(acting)
5 Jun 1947 - 5 Jul
1947 Laurent Elisée Péchoux
(acting) (b. 1904 - d. 2000)
5 Jul 1947 - 17 Sep 1947
Charles
Luizet
(b. 1903 - d. 1947)
17 Sep 1947 - 26 Mar
1948 Jean Louis Marie André Soucadaux
(s.a.)
(2nd time)(acting to 15 Nov 1947)
26 Mar 1948 - 21 Sep 1951
Bernard
Cornut-Gentille
(b. 1909 - d. 1992)
21 Sep 1951 - 4 Apr 1957
Paul Louis Gabriel
Chauvet
(b. 1904 - d. 2007)
High commissioners
4 Apr 1957 - 29 Jan 1958
Paul Louis Gabriel
Chauvet
(s.a.)
29 Jan 1958 - 15 Jul 1958 Pierre
Auguste Joseph Messmer (b.
1916 - d. 2007)
15 Jul 1958 - 15 Aug 1960 Yvon
Bourges
(b. 1921 - d. 2009)
New Cameroon
12 Mar 1916 - 23 Mar 1921
France appoints commissioners for the
territories formerly
ceded to German Kamerun
on 4 Nov 1911 (Nouveau-Cameroun).
Commissioners of the Republic for Cameroon
Territories previously
having been part of French Equatorial Africa
12 Mar 1916 - 23 Mar 1921 the
governors-general of French
Equatorial Africa
Congo (Brazzaville)
1 Oct
1880
Brazzaville a French colony.
5 Feb
1883
French Mission de L'Ouest Africain.
27 Apr
1886
French Congo and Gabon colony (Colonie de
Gabon et Congo).
11 Dec
1888
Part of Middle Congo-Gabon territory (part of AEF).
30 Apr
1891
French Equatorial African Protectorate
renamed French Congo (Congo Français).
5 Jul
1902
Middle Congo district part of Lower Congo-Gabon colony.
29 Dec
1903
Middle Congo colony
15 Jan
1910
Part of French Equatorial Africa Colony (AEF).
30 Jun
1934
Middle Congo region (part of AEF).
31 Dec
1937
Middle Congo overseas territory of France (part of AEF).
16 Jun 1940 - 28 Aug
1940 Administration loyal to Vichy France
(from 28 Aug 1940, Free French).
13 Oct
1946
Middle Congo overseas territory of France
(part of AEF).
28 Nov
1958
Autonomy (Republic of Congo).
15 Aug
1960
Independence from France (Republic of Congo).
3 Jan
1970
People's Republic of Congo
15 Mar
1992
Republic of the Congo
Presidents of the Central
Committee of the Congolese Party of Labor (PCT)
31 Dec
1969 - 18 Mar 1977 Marien Ngouabi
(b. 1938 - d.
1977)
19 Mar 1977 - 3 Apr 1977 Military
Committee of the Congolese Party of Labor¹
3 Apr 1977 - 5 Feb 1979
Jacques-Joachim
Yhombi-Opango (b. 1939 -
d. 2020)
5 Feb 1979 - 7 Feb 1979
Vacant
7
Feb 1979 - 4 Jun 1991 Denis
Sassou-Nguesso
(b. 1943)
(president of Preparatory
Committee for the 3rd Extraordinary
Congress of the
Congolese Party of Labor to
27? Mar 1979)
("leading" role of the party abolished 4/7 Dec 1990)
Government Commissioner
5 Feb 1883 - 27 Apr 1886 Pierre Paul
François Camille (b.
1852 - d. 1905)
Savorgnan de Brazza
Commissioner-general (of
Gabon and Congo [from 30 Apr 1891 of French Congo])
27 Apr 1886 - 28 Sep 1897 Pierre Paul
François Camille
(s.a.)
Savorgnan de Brazza
Resident
20 Aug 1886 - 12 Mar 1889 Fortuné Charles de
Chavannes (b. 1853 -
d. 1940)
Chief administrators
12 Mar 1889 - 27 Apr 1894 Fortuné Charles de
Chavannes (s.a.)
27 Apr 1894 - 22 Jan 1899 Louis Henri Albert
Dolisie
(b. 1856 - d. 1899)
1 May 1899 - 11 Jul 1902 Jean-Baptiste
Philema Lemaire (b. 1856 -
d. 1932)
11 Jul 1902 - 5 Apr 1906 Émile
Gentil
(b. 1866 - d. 1914)
5 Apr 1906 - 12 Mar 1909 Adolphe Louis
Cureau
(b. 1864 - d. 1913)
17 Jan 1908 - 17 Nov 1908 Édouard Marie
Bertrand Eugène (b. 1857 -
d. 19..)
Dubosc-Taret (acting for Cureau)
Lieutenant governors
12 Mar 1909 - 27 Jun 1910 Adolphe Louis
Cureau
(s.a.)
27 Jun 1910 - 28 Jul 1911 Édouard
Dubosc-Taret (acting) (s.a.)
28 Jul 1911 - 16 Apr 1916 Lucien Louis
Fourneau
(b. 1867 - d. 1930)
(acting to 17 Oct 1912)
16 Apr 1916 - 17 Jul 1917 Jules Gaston Henri
Carde
(b. 1874 - d. 1949)
(acting to 12 Oct 1916)
17 Jul 1917 - 2 Apr 1919 Jules Guy Le
Prince (acting) (b.
1868 - d. 19..)
2 Apr 1919 - 16 May 1919 Édmond
Émilien
Cadier
(b. 1868 - d. 1951)
16 May 1919 - 21 Aug 1919 Jean Henri
Marchand (1st time) (b. 1864 - d.
19..)
(acting)
21 Aug 1919 - 16 Aug 1922 Mattéo Mathieu
Maurice Alfassa (b. 1876 - d.
1942)
16 Aug 1922 - 20 Apr 1923 Georges Thomann
(acting)
(b. 1872 - d. 1943)
24 Apr 1923 - 21 Jul 1925 Jean Henri
Marchand (2nd time) (s.a.)
(acting)
21 Jul 1925 - 1 Dec 1929 Administration
by AEF
Governor-general
1 Dec 1929 - 4 Dec 1930 Marcel
Alix Jean
Marchessou (b.
1879 - d. 1964)
(acting)
4 Dec 1930 - May
1931 Pierre Simon Antonin
Bonnefont (b. 1877 - d. 1950)
(acting)
May 1931 -
1932
Max de Masson de
Saint-Félix (b. 1882 -
d. 1958)
1932 - 21 Nov
1932 Émile
Buhot-Launay
(acting) (b.
1881 - d. 1970)
21 Nov 1932 - 10 Feb 1941 Administration
by AEF Governor-general
10 Feb 1941 - 20 Aug 1945 Gabriel Émile
Fortune
(b. 1897 - d. 1971)
21 Feb 1942 - 19 Jul 1942 Jean Charles André
Capagorry (b. 1894 -
d. 1981)
(acting for Fortune)
20 Aug 1945 - 30 Apr 1946 Administration
by AEF Governor-general
30 Apr 1946 - 16 May 1946 Christian Robert
Roger Laigret (b. 1903 - d. 1977)
(acting)
16 May 1946 - 6 Nov 1946 Administration
by AEF Governor-general
6 Nov 1946 - 31 Dec 1947 Numa François
Henri
Sadoul (b.
1906 - d. 1990)
31 Dec 1947 - 1 Mar 1950 Jacques
Georges
Fourneau
(b. 1901 - d. 1956)
1 Mar 1950 - 25 Apr 1952 Paul Jules
Marie Le
Layec
(b. 1901 - d. 1965)
25 Apr 1952 - 15 Jul 1953 Jean Georges
Chambon
(b. 1896 - d. 1965)
15 Jul 1953 - 2 Nov 1956 Ernest Eugène
Rouys
(b. 1901 - d. ....)
(acting to 19 Feb 1954)
2 Nov 1956 - 29 Jan 1958 Jean-Michel
Marie René Soupault (b. 1918 - d. 1993)
29 Jan 1958 - 7 Jan 1959 Charles Paul
Dériaud (acting) (b. 1911 -
d. 1964)
High Commissioner
7 Jan 1959 - 15 Aug 1960 Guy Noël
Georgy
(b. 1918 - d. 2003)
President
21 Nov 1959 - 15 Aug 1963 Fulbert
Youlou
(b. 1917 - d. 1972) UDDIA
Commanders, Congolese National Army
15 Aug 1963 - 16 Aug 1963 David
Mountsaka
(b. 1932 - d. 2010) Mil
+ Félix
Mouzabakani
(b.
1934)
Mil
Prime minister, Chief of the
Provisional Government
16 Aug 1963 - 21 Dec 1963 Alphonse
Massemba-Debat
(b. 1921 - d. 1977) Mil
(= Alphonse Massamba-Débat)
President
21 Dec 1963 - 4 Sep 1968 Alphonse
Massemba-Debat
(s.a.)
MNR;1968 CNR
3 Aug 1968 - 4 Aug 1968 Augustin
Poignet
(b. 1928 - d. 2008) Mil
(acting for Massemba-Debat)
President of the National Council of
the Revolution
4 Sep
1968
Marien
Ngouabi
(s.a.)
Mil/PCT
Prime minister, Chief of the
Provisional Government
4 Sep 1968 - 1 Jan 1969 Alfred
Raoul
(b. 1938 - d. 1999) Mil/CNR
President of the National Council of
the Revolution, Head of State
1 Jan 1969 - 31 Dec 1969 Marien
Ngouabi
(s.a.)
Mil/PCT
President of the Central Committee of
the Congolese Labor Party, President
31 Dec 1969 - 18 Mar 1977 Marien
Ngouabi
(s.a.)
Mil/PCT
19 Mar 1977 - 3 Apr 1977 Military
Committee of the
Congolese Party of Labor¹
- Jacques-Joachim Yhombi-Opango
(s.a.)
Mil/PCT
- Denis
Sassou-Nguesso
(s.a.)
Mil/PCT
- Louis
Sylvain-Goma
(b.
1941)
Mil/PCT
- Jean-Michel
Ebaka
(b. c.1939 - d. 2019)Mil/PCT
- Raymond Damase
Ngollo
(b. 1936 - d. 2017) Mil/PCT
- Martin Mbia
(b.
1934)
Mil/PCT
- Pascal
Bima
(b. 1930 - d. 2003) Mil/PCT
- Nicolas
Okongo
(b. 1939 - d. 2006) Mil/PCT
- François-Xavier
Katali
(b. 1941 - d. 1986) Mil/PCT
- Florent Ntsiba
(Tsiba)
(b.
1949)
Mil/PCT
- Pierre
Anga
(b. 1940 - d. 1988) Mil/PCT
President of the Military Committee
of Congolese Party of Labor, Head of State
3 Apr 1977 - 5 Apr 1977
Jacques-Joachim
Yhombi-Opango
(s.a.)
Mil/PCT
President of the Military Committee
of the Congolese Party of Labor, President
5 Apr 1979 - 5 Feb 1979
Jacques-Joachim
Yhombi-Opango
(s.a.)
Mil/PCT
President of the Central Committee of
Congolese Party of Labor
5 Feb 1979 - 7 Feb 1979
Vacant
7 Feb 1979 - 30 Mar 1979 Denis
Sassou-Nguesso
(s.a.)
PCT
(president of Preparatory Committee for the 3rd
Extraordinary
Congress of the Congolese Party of Labor to 27? Mar 1979)
President of the Central Committee of
the Congolese Party of Labor, President
30 Mar 1979 - 4 Jun 1991 Denis
Sassou-Nguesso
(s.a.)
PCT
Presidents
4 Jun 1991 - 31 Aug 1992 Denis
Sassou-Nguesso (1st time)
(s.a.)
PCT
31 Aug 1992 - 24 Oct 1997 Pascal
Lissouba
(b. 1931 - d. 2020) UPADS
(fled country 18 Oct 1997)
24 Oct 1997
-
Denis Sassou-Nguesso (2nd time)
(s.a.)
PCT +
(de facto in control from 18 Oct
1997) 2002-07 FDU;2007
RM
Vice President of the Government
Council
15 May 1957 - 26 Jul 1958
Jacques
Opangault
(b. 1907 - d. 1978) MSA
President of the Council
of Government
26 Jul 1958 - 28 Nov
1958 Jacques
Opangault
(s.a.)
MSA
Prime ministers
28 Nov 1958 - 21 Nov 1959 Fulbert
Youlou
(s.a.)
UDDIA
21 Nov 1959 - 16 Aug
1963 Post abolished
16 Aug 1963 - 19 Dec
1963 Alphonse Massemba-Debat
(s.a.)
Non-party
24 Dec 1963 - 15 Apr
1966 Pascal
Lissouba
(s.a.)
MNR
6 May 1966 -
12 Jan 1968 Ambroise
Noumazalaye
(b. 1933 - d. 2007) MNR
4 Aug 1968 -
30 Dec 1969 Alfred
Raoul
(s.a.)
Mil/CNR
28 Jul 1973 - 18 Dec
1975 Henri
Lopès
(b. 1937 - d. 2023) PCT
18 Dec 1975 - 7 Aug
1984 Louis Sylvain Goma (1st
time)
(s.a.)
PCT
7 Aug 1984
- 7 Aug 1989 Ange Édouard
Poungui
(b.
1942)
PCT
7 Aug 1989
- 3 Dec 1990 Alphonse
Poaty-Souchlaty
(b. 1941 - d. 2024) PCT
3 Dec 1990
- 8 Jan 1991 Pierre Moussa
(acting)
(b.
1941)
PCT
8 Jan 1991
- 8 Jun 1991 Louis Sylvain Goma (2nd
time)
(s.a.)
PCT
8 Jun 1991
- 2 Sep 1992 André
Milongo
(b. 1935 - d. 2007) Non-party
2 Sep 1992
- 6 Dec 1992 Stéphane Maurice
Bongho-Nouarra (b. 1937 - d.
2007) AND
6 Dec 1992 -
23 Jun 1993 Claude Antoine
Dacosta
(b. 1931 - d. 2007) Non-party
23 Jun 1993 - 27 Aug
1996 Jacques-Joachim
Yhombi-Opango
(s.a.)
RDD
27 Aug 1996 - 8 Sep
1997 Charles David
Ganao
(b. 1926 - d. 2012) UFD
8 Sep 1997 -
15 Oct 1997 Bernard Bakana
Kolélas
(b. 1933 - d. 2009) MCDDI
24 Oct 1997 - 7 Jan
2005 Post abolished
7
Jan 2005 - 15 Sep 2009 Isidore
Mvouba
(b.
1954)
PCT
15 Sep 2009 - 23 Apr
2016 Post abolished
23 Apr 2016 - 18 May 2021 Clément
Mouamba
(b. 1943 - d. 2021) Ind;2017 PCT
18 May 2021
-
Anatole Collinet Makosso
(b. 1965)
PCT
¹The membership of the committee was only
announced on 3 Apr 1977; in the same communiqué it was
stated that Yhombi-Opango (s.a.) was chosen as chairman
of the committee on 19 Mar 1977.
Territorial Dispute: The location of the
boundary in the broad Congo River with the Democratic
Republic of the Congo is indefinite except in the Pool
Malebo/Stanley Pool area.
Party abbreviations: Ind =
Independent; MCDDI = Mouvement
Congolais pour la Démocratie et le Développement
Intégral (Congolese Movement for Democracy and
Comprehensive Development, conservative, est.1990); PCT
= Parti Congolais du Travail (Congolese Party of
Labor, socialist, 1969-10 Jun 1991 state party,
Marxist-Leninist Communist 31 Dec 1969-10 Dec 1990,
est.31 Dec 1969); RDD = Rassemblement pour la
Démocratie et le Développement (Rally for Democracy
and Development, est.1990); RMP =
Rassemblement pour la Majorité Présidentielle (Rally
for the Presidential Majority, former FDU, est.Dec
2007); UFD = Union des Forces Démocratiques
(Union of Democratic Forces); UDPAS =
Union Panafricaine pour la Démocratie Sociale
(Pan-African Union for Social Democracy,
social-democratic, Pan-African, est.1991); Mil =
Military;
- Former parties: AND = Alliance
Nationale pour la Démocratie (National Alliance for
Democracy, UPADS anti-PCT coalition, 1991-1993);
CNR = Conseil National de la
Révolution (National Council of the Revolution,
socialist, 1968-69 only legal party, 5 Aug 1968-30 Dec
1969); FDU = Forces Démocratiques Unies (United
Democratic Forces, PCT dominated coalition, incl.
Liberal Republican Party, National Union for Democracy
and Progress, Patriotic Union for the National
Reconstruction, and Union for the National Renewal,
2001-Dec 2007, renamed RMP); MNR = Mouvement
National de la Révolution (National Revolutionary
Movement, socialist, 1964-1968, only legal party Jul
1964-1 Aug 1968); MSA = Mouvement Socialiste
Africain (African Socialist Movement,
social-democratic, 1946-1964); UDDIA = Union
Démocratique pour la Défense des Intérêts Africains
(Democratic Union for the Defense of African
Interests, conservative, 1956-1964)
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