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Australian Antarctic Territory

[Australian flag]Adopted 13 Jun 1933

Map of Australian
Antarctic Territory
Map of Heard and
MacDonald Islands
Hear National Anthem
  "Advance Australia Fair" 
Constitution
(1 Jan 1901)
Chief Stations: Davis (from 1957), Mawson (from 1954),
Casey (from 1969)
Currency: Australian Dollar
(AUD)
National Holiday: 26 Jan (1788)
Australia Day
Population: Uninhabited
Seasonal Research Staff
Summer (Dec.-Feb.): 238
Winter (Jun.-Aug.): 52
 (2024)
Total Armed Forces: N/A
Defense is the responsibility of Australia
Merchant marine: None (2024)
Number of Year-round
Stations
: 3

Summer-only Stations: 1
 (2024)
GDP: N/A 
International Organizations/Treaties: WMO
Australian
Antarctic
Territory
Index
Chronology

24 Feb 1831            Enderby Land is discovered by British Capt. John Biscoe
                         (b. 1794 - d. 1843) in the
Tula and Lively.
27 Nov 1833            McDonald Island and Heard Islands probably sighted by
                         British
sealer Peter Kemp on the brig Magnet.
19 Jan 1840            Wilkes Land is discovered by U.S. Lt. Charles Wilkes
                         (b. 1798 - d. 1877).

 9 Jan 1841            Victoria Land claimed for the U.K. by Capt. James Clark
                         Ross (b. 1800 - d. 1862).
25 Nov 1853            Heard Island sighted by American Capt. John J. Heard
                         (b. 1809 - d. 1862) on the barque Oriental.

 4 Jan 1854            McDonald Islands sighted by British Capt. William
                         McDonald aboard the Samarang.

22 Feb 1902            Kaiser Wilhelm II Land (Kaiser-Wilhelm-II.-Land) or the
                         Wilhelm II Coast (Wilhelm-II-Küste) discovered and
                         named by Erich Dagobert von Drygalski (b. 1865 - d.
                         1889), leader of the German Gauss (Deutsche Südpolar)
                         Expedition to Antarctica.

1911 - 1914            Australian explorer Douglas Mawson leads the Australasian
                         Antarctic Expedition.
21 Feb 1912            Queen Mary Land (or Queen Mary Coast) claimed for U.K.
                         and named by Douglas Mawson (b. 1882 - d. 1958).

26 Nov - 3 Dec 1929    Heard Island occupied by Sir Douglas Mawson's (s.a.)
                         Antarctic expedition.
13 Jan 1930            Enderby Land is claimed for U.K. by Sir Douglas Mawson
                         (s.a.).

13 Jan 1930            A new expedition by Sir Douglas Mawson having reached
                         Antarctica on the Discovery, he proclaims British
                         sovereignty for "the territory of Enderby Land, Kemp
                         Land, Mac. Robertson Land (this area being so named
                         after Australian philanthropist Sir Macpherson
                         Robertson) together with off-lying islands as located
                         in our charts constituting a sector of the Antarctic
                         regions lying between longitudes 47° E and 73° E and
                         south of latitude 65° S.
18 Feb 1931            Mawson's second proclamation is for "territory...
                         extending continuously from Adélie Land, westwards to
                         Mac. Robertson Land being that part of the Antarctic
                         mainland and off-lying islands... situate between
                         meridia 138° and 60° E and south of latitude 64° as far
                         as the South Pole." (Princess Elizabeth Land)
.
 
7 Feb 1933            British order-in-council places the portion of Antarctica
                         lying between 45° and 160° E, excepting the French
                         territory of Adélie Land (defined in 1938 as the area
                         between 136° and 142° E), under the authority of
                         Australia - an area of almost 6,000,000 sq km.
13 Jun 1933            Australian legislation accepting the territory, the
                         Australian Antarctic Territory Acceptance Act 1933, is
                         assented to.

24 Aug 1936            The Australian Antarctic Territory is brought into
                         existence by governor-general's proclamation.

Jan 1938               Sir Hubert Wilkins raises the Australian flag on
                         Antarctic islands and land previously claimed by Mawson
 1 Apr 1938            Boundaries with French Terre Adélie are fixed 

                         definitively between longitudes 136°E and 142°E.
28 May 1947            Australian Antarctic Planning Committee formed which
                         from Aug 1947 operates the Australian National
                        
Antarctic Research Expedition (ANARE).
May 1948               Antarctic Division of the Department of External Affairs
                         (from 1 Jan 1949, Australian Antarctic Division [AAD]
                         in the Department of Environment and Energy) is
                         established, to administer and provide support for
                         ANARE, later the Australian Antarctic Program (AAP),
                         covering the Australian Antarctic Territory (as well as
                         the Heard and McDonald Islands and Macquarie Island).
26 Dec 1947            Heard Island and McDonald
Islands and Macquarie Island
                        
are transferred
to Australia by U.K. (both administered
                         by Australian
Antarctic Division).
13 Feb 1954           
Mawson Station (named for Sir Douglas Mawson), is set up
                         in Mac. Robertson Land, the first permanent
Australian
                         station
in Antarctica.
 1 Nov 1954            By the "Australian Antarctic Territory Act 1954", the
                         laws of the Australian Capital Territory are declared
                         to be in force in the Australian Antarctic Territory
                         (so far as they are applicable and not inconsistent
                         with any ordinance made under the act).
13 Jan 1957            Davis Station (named after the late Capt. John King
                         Davis, second-in-command of two of Mawson's expeditions
                         is established in the Vestfold Hills area
(temporarily
                         closed 25 Jan 1965 - 15 Feb 1969).
 1 Dec 1959            Australia is a founding signatory of the Antarctic
                         Treaty (which enters into force on 23 Jun 1961).
19 Feb 1969            Repstat is officially opened. It is renamed Casey in
                         honor of Governor-General Richard Casey.
Dec 1988               A new Casey station officially opened.

Heard and
McDonald
Islands
Macquarie
Island

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


Directors of the Australian Antarctic Division
(in Kingston, Tasmania, Australia)
(part of the Australian Department of Environment)
May 1947 - Jan 1949        Stuart Alexander Caird Campbell    (b. 1903 - d. 1988)
                             (officer-in-charge and Chief Executive Officer)
 
2 Feb 1949 -  2 Dec 1965  Phillip Garth Law                  (b. 1912 - d. 2010)
 
2 Dec 1965 -  2 Oct 1970  Donald "Don" Franklin Styles       (b. 1916 - d. 1995)
                            
(1st time)(acting)
 2 Oct 1970 -  1 Aug 1971  Bryan Rofe                         (b. 1918 - d. 1971)

 
1 Aug 1971 - 1972         Donald "Don" Franklin Styles       (s.a.)
                            
(2nd time)(acting)
1972 - 1979                Raymond "Ray" Ivan Garrod          (b. 1917 - d. 2009)

 9 Apr 1979 - Feb 1984     Clarence "Clarrie" Gordon McCue    (b. 1927 - d. 1992) 
Feb 1984 - Apr 1989        James "Jim" Edward Bleasel         (b. 1936 - d. 2019)
                            
(acting to 1985)
Apr 1989 - 23 Nov 1998     Rex Leonard Moncur                 (b. 1942)
                            
(acting to Dec 1989)
23 Nov 1998 - 2009         Anthony "Tony" J. Press
Feb 2009 - Aug 2011        Lyn Maddock (f)                    (b. 1950)
Aug 2011 -  6 Aug 2015     Anthony "Tony" Fleming             (b. 1958 - d. 2022)
 6 Aug 2015 - 29 Nov 2018  Nicholas "Nick" John Gales
29 Nov 2018 -  6 Feb 2019  Rob Bryson (acting)
 6 Feb 2019 -  6 Mar 2023  Kim Ellis
 6 Mar 2023 -  8 May 2023  .... (acting)
 8 May 2023 -              Emma Campbell (f)                  (b. c.1970)

Territorial Disputes: Australian Antarctic claim is recognized by France, New Zealand, Norway and U.K., but it is not recognized by the United Nations, U.S., Russia or by most other countries. Administered by the Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment. 






© Ben Cahoon