Seychelles
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- 1794 - 1903
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- 1903 - Apr 1961
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- Apr 1961 - 28 Jun
1976
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- 28 Jun 1976 - 29
Jun 1977
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- 29 Jun 1977 - 18
Jun 1996
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- Adopted 18 Jun
1996
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Map
of Seychelles |
Hear
National Anthem
"Koste Seselwa"
(Seychellois Unite)
Adopted 18 Jun 1996
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Hear
Former Anthem
"Fyer Seselwa"
(Be Proud Seychellois)
(1978-18 Jun 1996)
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1976-1978 Anthem
"En Avant" (Forward)
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Constitution
(21 Jun 1993) |
Capital:
Victoria
(Établissement du Roi
1778-1814;
Mahé 1770-1778, 1814-1842)
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Currency:
Seychelles Rupee
(SCR); 1900-1903 Mauritius
Rupee (MUR) |
National
Holiday: 29
Jun (1976)
National Day |
Population:
95,981 (2019) |
GDP: $2.75
billion (2017)
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Exports:
$564.8 million (2017)
Imports: $1.15
billion (2017)
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Ethnic groups:
Seychellois Creole (mixed African,
Asian,
European) 93.2%, British
3%, French 1.8%, Chinese 0.5%,
Indian 0.3%, Arab and
other 1.2% (2000)
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Total Active
Armed Forces: 200 (2010)
Merchant marine:
25 ships (2018)
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Religions:
Roman Catholic 76.2%, Protestant 10.6%
(Anglican 6.1%, Pentecoastal Assembly
1.5%, Seventh-Day
Adventist 1.2%, other Protestant
1.6), other Christian 2.4%,
Hindu 2.4%, Muslim 1.6%, other
non-Christian 1.1%,
unspecified 4.8%, none 0.9% (2010)
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International
Organizations/Treaties: ACP,
AfCFTA,
AfDB, AOSIS, APM, AU, BTWC, C,
CCM, CD, COMESA, CTBT, CWC, EITI, ESCR,
FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt,
ICRM, ICSID, IFAD,
IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, InOC,
Interpol, IOC, IOM,
IORA, IPU, IRENA,
ISA, ISO (correspondent), ITU,
MIGA, NAM, NPT, NTBT, OIF, OPCW, OST,
SADC, UN, UNCLOS,
UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFCC, UNFCC-KP, UNFCC-PA, UNHCR,
UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO,
WTO
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Seychelles
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Chronology
1501
Portuguese explorer, João da Nova
discovered the
islands now known
as the Farquhar Atoll.
1502
Portuguese explorer Vasco da Gama
discovered the
islands now
known as the Amirantes Islands.
1609
English
expedition arrives at Mahé and makes
the
first recorded landing (no
settlement).
21
Nov
1742
Claimed for France (Isle
Mahé sighted 19 Nov 1742)
by Lazare Picault (b. 1708 - d.
1742), and named
Îles de La Bourdonnaye.
1
Nov
1756
Annexed by France (Îles de
Seychelles); but no
settlement.
27
Aug
1770
First settlers arrived on the island
of Ste. Anne.
1778
First
establishment created on Mahé, called
L'Etablissement du Roi
(The King's Establishment).
17 May 1794 - 13
Mar 1802 Occupied by the U.K
(French administration civil
continues).
3
Feb 1803 - 17 May 1810 Nominally
part of French colony of Indes-Orientales
(see
Mauritius)(not
effected).
24
Sep
1804
Re-occupied by the U.K (French
administration civil
continues to 17 May 1810).
2
Jun
1811
British
possession (Seychelles
Islands)(part of
Mauritius).
15
Oct
1814
British possession proclaimed
by Treaty of Paris
(of 30 May 1814).
9
Nov
1903
Colony of Seychelles
(separation from Mauritius,
by Letters Patent
of 31 Aug 1903).
8
Nov 1965 - 28 Jun 1976 Aldabra,
Farquhar and Desroches Islands part of
British Indian Ocean
Territory.
1967
Seychelles
12 Nov 1970
Autonomy (by Seychelles
Order 30 Sep 1970).
1
Oct
1975
Full internal autonomy (by Seychelles
[Constitution]
Order 17 Sep 1975,
S.I. 1975 No. 81).
28
Jun
1976
Aldabra, Farquhar and Desroches
Islands are
returned to the Seychelles by the U.K.
29 Jun
1976
Independence from Britain (Republic
of
Seychelles).
21 Jun
1993
Kreole, English and French named as
national
languages by the constitution of 1993.
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Commandants (subordinated to Île de
France [Mauritius])
1744 -
1770
None
1770 -
1772
Jean Charles Delaunay
1772 - 1777
Jean Antoine
Anselme
(b. 1741 - d. 1802)
Dec 1778 -
1781
Charles Routier de Romainville (b. 1739? -
d. 1808)
1781 -
1783
François
Claude Berthelot de la (b. 1750 - d. 1822)
Coste
1783 - Sep 1788
Nicolas Benoît Antoine Gillot de (b. 1736? -
d. 1790)
Doron
Sep 1789 - Sep
1792 Louis
Jean-Baptiste Philogène (b.
1748 - d. 1825)
de Malavois
Sep 1792 -
1793
Charles Joseph Enouf
(b. 1748 - d. 1811)
9 Sep 1793 - 2 Jun
1811 Jean-Baptiste Quéau de Quinssy
(b. 1748 - d. 1827)
Commandants and Civil Agents (subordinated
to Mauritius)
2 Jun 1811 - 1812
Bartholomew Sullivan (acting)
(b. 178. - d. 1835)
1812 - 7 Nov 1814
Bibye Le
Sage
(b. 1779 - d. 1843)
7 Nov 1814 -
1822
Edward Henry Madge
(b. 1776 - d. 1850?)
Government Agents
1822 - 30 Aug
1826
Edward Henry
Madge
(s.a.)
30 Aug 1826 -
1837
George Harrison (acting to 1827) (d. 1841)
1837 - Feb
1839
Arthur Wilson
(b. 180.
- d. 186.)
Civil Commissioners
Feb 1839 - 21 Apr 1850 Charles
Augustus Mylius
(b. 1795? - d. 1873)
21 Apr 1850 - Jul 1850
William Ford (1st time) (acting) (b. 181. - d.
1865)
Jul 1850 - 23 Nov 1852 Robert
William Keate
(b. 1814 - d. 1873)
20 Aug 1850 -
1850
William Ford (2nd time)
(s.a.)
(acting for Keate)
23 Nov 1852 - 10 May 1853 Dashwood Watt
Ricketts (acting) (b. 1805 - d. 1887)
10 May 1853 - 25 Sep 1861 George Thompson
Wade
(b. 1815 - d. 1861)
1854 - 1854
William Ford (3rd time)
(s.a.)
(acting for Wade)
1856 -
1856
William Harrison Hollier Griffiths (b. 1793 - d. 1857)
(acting for Wade)
5 Dec 1857 - 1858
Charles Robert Telfair (1st time) (b. 1822 - d.
1870)
(acting for Wade)
Jan 1859 - Sep 1859
Charles Robert Telfair (2nd time) (s.a.)
(acting for Wade)
25 Sep 1861 - 17 Nov 1861 Cyprien Hermodan
Eugène Dupuy (b. 1820 - d.
1881)
(1st time)(acting)
17 Nov 1861 - 15 Aug 1862 Robert Cecil
Dudgeon (acting) (b. 1823 - d. 1871)
15 Aug 1862 - 12 Dec 1862 Cyprien Hermodan Eugène
Dupuy (s.a.)
(2nd time)(acting)
12 Dec 1862 - Mar 1869 Swinburne
Ward
(b. 1830 - d. 1885)
1868 - 1868
James Henry Brooks
(b. 1831 - d. 1920)
(acting for Ward)
Mar 1869 - Jul
1869 Louis
Gustave Trouchet (acting) (b. 1835 -
d. 1891)
Jul 1869 - 25 Nov 1872 William Hales
Franklyn
(b. 1816 - d. 1874)
Chief Civil Commissioners
26 Nov 1872 - 3 Apr 1874
William Hales Franklyn
(s.a.)
3 Apr 1874 -
1874
Édouard Amand Esnouf (acting)
(b. 1842 - d. 1917)
1874 - 1875
Arthur Elibank Havelock (1st time)
(b. 1844 - d. 1908)
(acting)
1875 -
1879
Charles Spencer Salmon
(b. 1832 - d. 1896)
1879 - 11 Dec 1879 Ange
Edmond de La Peyre (acting) (b. 1840 - d.
1916)
11 Dec 1879 - 9 Oct 1880 Arthur Elibank
Havelock (2nd time) (s.a.)
Aug 1880 - 9 Oct 1880 Henri
Eugène Desmarais (1st time) (b. 1843 - d. 1928)
(acting for Havelock)
9 Oct 1880 - 24 Feb 1881 Francis Theophilus
Blunt (b. 1837 - d.
1881)
24 Feb 1881 - 1 Mar 1881 Henri
Eugène Desmarais (2nd time) (s.a.)
(acting)
1 Mar 1881 - 28 Jan 1882 Henry Cockburn
Stewart (acting) (b. 1844 - d. 1899)
Dec 1881 - 28 Jan 1882 Henri
Eugène Desmarais (3rd time) (s.a.)
(acting for Stewart)
28 Jan 1882 -
1888
Arthur Cecil Stuart Barkly
(b. 1843 - d.
1890)
Apr 1886 - Feb
1887 George
Hollier Griffiths
(b. 1839 - d. 1911)
(acting for Barkly)
1888 - 18 Feb
1889
Richard Myles Brown (acting)
(b. 1847 - d. 19..)
Administrators
18 Feb 1889 - 17 Mar 1895 Thomas Risely
Griffith
(b. 1848 - d. 19..)
16 Nov 1891 - 17 May 1892 Richard Myles
Brown (1st time) (s.a.)
(acting for Griffith)
17 Mar 1895 - 17 Jun 1895 Richard Myles Brown (2nd
time) (s.a.)
(acting)
17 Jun 1895 - 15 May 1899 Henry Cockburn Stewart
(s.a.)
15 May 1899 - 20 Nov 1899 Richard Myles Brown (3rd
time) (s.a.)
(acting)
20 Nov 1899 - 9 Nov 1903 Ernest Bickham
Sweet-Escott (b.
1857 - d. 1941)
Governors and Commanders-in-chief
(also Commissioners of British Indian Ocean
Territory 8 Nov 1965 - 28 Jul 1976)
9 Nov 1903 - 30 May 1904
Ernest Bickham Sweet-Escott
(s.a.)
30 May 1904 - 28 Dec
1912 Walter Edward Davidson
(b. 1859 - d. 1923)
May 1907 - Nov 1907
Eric Blackwood
Wright
(b. 1860 - d. 1940)
(acting for Davidson)
Apr 1911 - Nov 1911
Alfred Karney Young (1st time) (b.
1865 - d. 1942)
(acting for Davidson)
16 Dec 1912 - 28 Dec 1912 Alfred Karney
Young (2nd time) (s.a.)
(acting for Davidson)
28 Dec 1912 - 8 Oct
1918 Charles Richard Mackey O'Brien
(b. 1859 - d. 1935)
23 Jul 1916 - 20 Mar 1917 Ewen Reginald
Logan (1st time) (b. 1868 - d. 1945)
(acting for O'Brien)
13 May 1918 - 8 Oct 1918 Ewen
Reginald Logan (2nd time) (s.a.)
(acting for O'Brien)
8 Oct 1918 - 26 Sep 1922 Sir
Eustace Edward Twisleton- (b. 1864 -
d. 1943)
Wykeham-Fiennes
13 Mar 1921 - 26 Sep
1922 Philip Bertie
Petrides
(b. 1881 - d. 1956)
(acting for Twisleton-Wykeham-Fiennes)
26 Sep 1922 - 13 Aug 1927 Sir Joseph
Aloysius Byrne
(b.
1874 - d. 1942)
6 Apr 1927 - 13 Aug 1927
Justin Louis Devaux (1st time) (b.
1884 - d. 1943)
(acting for Byrne)
13 Aug 1927 - 27 Nov 1927 Sir Malcolm
Stevenson
(b. 1878 - d. 1927)
27 Nov 1927 -
1928
Justin Louis Devaux (2nd time) (s.a.)
(acting)
1928 - 24 Mar 1928
Robert Stephen Vere de
Vere (b. 1872
- d. 1936)
(acting)
24 Mar 1928 - Mar 1934 De
Symons Montagu George Honey (b. 1872
- d. 1945)
(from 25 Feb 1932, Sir De Symons Montagu George Honey)
Dec 1931 - May
1932 Patrick
Joseph Stanislaus Walsh (b. 1872 - d. 1943)
(acting for Honey)
Mar 1934 - 19 May 1936
Gordon James Lethem
(b. 1886 - d. 1962)
(from 1 Jan 1936, Gordon James Lethem)
5 Nov 1935 - 17 Mar 1936 Arthur
Evelyn Weatherhead
(b. 1880 - d. 1956)
(acting for Lethem)
25 Mar 1936 - 19 May 1936 Ernest Gardiner
Smith
(b. 1880 - d. 1956)
(acting for Lethem)
19 May 1936 - 30 Mar 1942 Arthur Francis
Grimble
(b. 1888 - d. 1956)
(from 1 Jan 1938, Sir Arthur Francis Grimble)
30 Mar 1942 - 12 Jul
1947 William Marston Logan
(b. 1889 - d. 1968)
(from 8 Jun 1944, Sir William Marston Logan)
1947 - 12 Jul 1947
Francis Derek Jakeway
(b. 1915 - d.
1993)
(acting for Logan)
12 Jul 1947 - 14 May 1951 Percy Selwyn
Selwyn-Clarke (b. 1893 - d.
1976)
(from 1 Jan 1951, Sir Percy Selwyn
Selwyn-Clarke)
20 Aug 1950 - 14 May 1951 Kenneth Graeme
Stewart Smith (b.
1918 - d. 2001)
(acting for Selwyn-Clarke)
14 May 1951 - 17 Oct 1953 Frederick
Crawford
(b. 1906 - d. 1978)
10 Jun 1953 - 17 Oct
1953 Gordon Matthews
Hector
(b. 1918 - d. 2001)
(acting for Crawford)
17 Oct 1953 - Jan 1958
William Addis
(b.
1901 - d. 1978)
(from 9 Jun 1955, Sir William
Addis)
Oct 1957 - Jan
1958 Kenneth
James Knaggs
(b. 1920 - d. 2001)
(acting for Addis)
Jan 1958 - 13 Aug 1961
Sir John Kingsmill Robert Thorp (b. 1912 -
d. 1961)
(from 132 Jun 1959, Sir John Kingsmill Robert Thorp)
20 Jan 1959 - 25
Feb 1959 Ian Woodroffe (1st time)
(b. 1924 - d. 2001)
(acting for Thorp)
21 Jun 1960 - 19 Nov 1960 Ian Woodroffe
(2nd time)
(s.a.)
(acting for Thorp)
13 Aug 1961 - 27 Jan 1962 Ian Woodroffe
(3rd time)
(s.a.)
(acting [for Thorp to 13 Aug 1961])
22 Jan 1962 - 27 Jan 1962 George Peter
Lloyd (1st time) (b. 1926 - d.
2007)
(acting)
27 Jan 1962 - 15 Apr 1967 Julian Edward
George Asquith, (b. 1916 -
d. 2011)
Earl of Oxford and Asquith
17 Dec 1964 - 1965
George Peter Lloyd (2nd time)
(s.a.)
(acting for Asquith)
7 Apr 1967 - 15 Apr 1967
Adrian Ernest Forsyth-Thompson
(b. 1925 - d. 1971)
(acting for Asquith)
15 Apr 1967 - 13 Mar 1969
Sir Hugh Selby Norman-Walker
(b. 1916 - d. 1985)
13 Mar 1969 - 8 Nov
1973 Bruce Greatbatch
(b. 1917 - d. 1988)
(from 16 Feb 1970, Sir Bruce Greatbatch)
8 Nov 1973 - 28 Jun 1976 Colin
Hamilton Allan
(b. 1921 - d. 1993)
Presidents
29 Jun 1976 - 5 Jun
1977 Sir James Richard Marie Mancham
(b. 1939 - d. 2017) SDP
5 Jun 1977 - 14 Apr 2004
France-Albert René
(b. 1935 - d. 2019)SPUP;1978 SPPF
14 Apr 2004 - 16 Oct 2016 James Alix
Michel
(b.
1944)
SPPF;2009 PP
16 Oct 2016 - 26 Oct 2020 Danny Antoine
Rollen Faure
(b.
1962)
PP
26 Oct 2020
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Wavel John Charles Ramkalawan
(b.
1961)
SNP+LDS
Chief minister
12 Nov 1970 - 30 Sep 1975 James Richard
Marie Mancham
(s.a.)
SDP
Prime ministers
1 Oct 1975 - 28 Jun
1976 James Richard Marie Mancham
(s.a.)
SDP
(from 22 Jun 1976, Sir James Richard Marie
Mancham)
29 Jun 1976 - 5 Jun 1977 France-Albert René
(s.a.)
SPUP
5 Jun
1977
Post abolished
Territorial Disputes: Seychelles and
Mauritius claim the Chagos Islands the Chagos Islands
(U.K.-administered British Indian Ocean
Territory).
Party abbreviations: LDS =
Linyon Demokratik Seselwa/Seychellois Democratic
Alliance (liberal, named Linyon
Sanzman/Alliance for Change to 2016, coalition of SNP,
Seychelles Party for Social Justice and Democracy
[SPSD], Seychelles United Party [SUP] and to 2018
Lalyans Seselwa, est.2015); PP =
Parti Lepep/People's Party/Parti Populaire
(democratic socialist, former SPPF,
est.Jun 2009); SDP =
Seychelles Democratic Party/Parti Démocratique
Seychellois (conservative, governing party 1970-77,
est.1964, banned 1979, re-est.1992); SNP
= Seychelles National Party (centrist, liberal,
est.1994);
- Former parties:
SPPF = Seychelles People's
Progressive Front/Front Progressiste du Peuple
Seychellois (social-democratic,
center-left, 26 Mar 1979-30 Dec 1991 only legal party,
former SPUP, 9 Jun 1978-Jun 2009, renamed PP); SPUP
= Seychelles People's United Party/Parti Uni
du Peuple Seychellois (social-democratic,
center-left, pro-independence, Jun 1964-9 Jun
1978, renamed SPPF)
© Ben Cahoon
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