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![[Langhans' proposal for Portuguese Angola, 1967]](ao-1967.gif)
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Secretaries of the Popular Liberation Movement of Angola-Labor
Party (MPLA-PT)
(to Dec 1977, Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola)
Dec 1962 - 10 Sep 1979 António Agostinho
Neto
(b. 1922 - d. 1979)
(in exile to 4 Feb 1975 [in Léopoldville
to Nov 1963, then] in Brazzaville])
10 Sep 1979 - 26 Mar 1991 José Eduardo dos Santos
(b. 1942)
(acting to 21 Sep 1979)
(moves to multi-party rule 31 Mar 1991)
Captain-governor Donatário
1 Feb 1575 – Oct 1588 Paulo Dias de Novais
(b. c.1510 - d. 1588)
Governors
Oct 1588 - 1590
Luís Serrão
(d. 1590)
1590 - Jun 1592 André Ferreira Pereira
Jun 1592 – 08 Dec 1594 Francisco de Almeida
1593 – Aug 1595 Jerônimo de Almeida
Aug 1595 - 1602 João Furtado de Mendonça
1602 - 1603
João Rodrigues Coutinho (d.
1603)
1603 - 1606
Manuel Cerveira Pereira (1st time) (d. 1626)
1606 - 1607 Paio de Araujo de Azevedo
Sep 1607 - 1611
Manuel Pereira Forjaz (d.
1611)
1611 - 1615 Bento Banha Cardoso
1615 – 11 Apr 1617 Manuel Cerveira Pereira (2nd time) (s.a.)
11 Apr 1617 – Nov 1617 Antonio Gonçalves Pita
Nov 1617 - 1621 Luís Mendes de Vasconcelos
1621 - 1623
João Correia de Sousa
(d. 1626)
1623
Pedro de Sousa Coelho
1623 - 1624
Simão de Mascarenhas
1624 - 4 Sep 1630 Fernão
de Sousa
(b. c.1570 - d. 16..)
4 Sep 1630 - 1635 Manuel Pereira Coutinho
1635 - 18 Oct 1639 Francisco de Vasconcelos da Cunha
18 Oct 1639 - Oct 1645 Pedro César de Meneses
(d. 1674)
(from 1641, in opposition to Dutch rule)
Dutch Directors
1641 - 1642
Pieter Moorthamer (Mortamer)
1642 - 1648
Cornelis Hendrikszoon Ouman
Governors
Oct 1645 - May 1646
Francisco de Souto-Maior
(in opposition to Dutch rule)
May 1646 - 24 Aug 1648
Triumvirate Junta
- Bartolomeu de Vasconcelos da Cunha
(chairman of the Junta)
- António Teixeira de Mendonça
- João Zuzarte de Andrade
24 Aug 1648 - 1651
Salvador Correia de Sá e (b. 1602 - d. 1688)
Benavides
Oct 1651 - 1653
Rodrigo de Miranda Henriques (b. 1600 - d. 1653)
1653 - Oct 1654
Bartolomeu de Vasconcelos
da Cunha (acting)
Oct 1654 - 18 Apr 1658 Luís Mendes de Sousa Chichorro (d. 1658)
18 Apr 1658 - 1661
João Fernandes Vieira (b. c.1613 - d. 1681)
1661 - 20 Aug 1666
André Vidal de Negreiros (b. 1606 - d. 1680)
20 Aug 1666 - Feb 1667 Tristão
da Cunha
Feb 1667 - 1668
Junta
- António de Araujo de Azevedo
- Paulo Rebello da Cunha
- Roque Vieira de Lima
- Paulo Valente
- Diogo Vaz Camello
1668 - 1669
Junta
- Thomaz Borges Madureira
- Luiz da Silva de Motta
- João de Araujo
- João Cardozo
- Gaspar Zuzarte de Andrade
- António Rodrigues de Andrade
1669 - 26 Aug 1669
Junta
- João Marques de Almeida
- António de Estrada
- João de Gouvea
- Thomaz Figueira Bultão
- Henrique de Mendonça
- João Ferreira da Maia
Aug 1669 - 1676
Francisco de Távora, conde de Alvor
28 Aug 1676 – 11 Sep 1680 Ayres de Saldanha de Sousa e
Meneses
11 Sep 1680 – 12 Sep 1684 João da Silva de Sousa
12 Sep 1684 – 8 Sep 1688 Luís Lobo da Silva
8 Sep 1688 – 1 Nov 1691 João de Lencastre
1 Nov 1691 – 3 Nov 1694 Gonçalo da Costa de Alcáçova
Carneiro de Menezes
3 Nov 1694 – 9 Nov 1697 Henrique Jacques de Magalhães
9 Nov 1697 – 5 Sep 1701 Luís César de Meneses
(b. 1653 - d. 1720)
5 Sep 1701 - Dec 1702 Bernardim de Távora e Sousa Tavares(b. c.1630 - d. 1702)
Dec 1702 – 20 Nov 1705 Chamber Senate
20 Nov 1705 – 4 Oct 1709 Lourenço de Almada
(b. c.1650 - d. 1729)
4 Oct 1709 – 22 Feb 1713 António de Saldanha de Albuquerque (b. c.1670 - d. 17..)
Castro e Ribafria
22 Feb 1713 – 15 Jun 1717 João Manuel de Noronha
15 Jun 1717 – 22 Mar 1722 Henrique de Figueiredo e Alarcão (b. c.1660 - d. 17..)
22 Mar 1722 – 25 Apr 1725 António de Albuquerque Coelho de (b. c.1685 - d. 1725)
Carvalho
25 Apr 1725 – 7 May 1726 José Carvalho da Costa (acting)
7 May 1726 – Dec 1732 Paulo Caetano de Albuquerque (d. 1732)
Dec 1732 – 1 Jan 1733 Chamber Senate
1 Jan 1733 – 1 Apr 1738 Rodrigo César de
Menezes
(b. 1673 - d. 1738)
1 Apr 1738 – 17 Apr 1748 Joaquim Jacques de Magalhães (d. 1748)
17 Apr 1748 – 12 Jan 1749 Governing Junta
- Frei Manoel de Santa Inês (b.
1704 - d. 1771)
- Victoriano de Faria e Mello
Varejão Castello Branco
- Fernando José da Cunha Pereira
12 Jan 1749 – 31 Jul 1753 António de Almeida Soares e
(b. 1699 - d. 1761)
Portugal, conde do Lavradio
31 Jul 1753 – 14 Oct 1758 António
Álvares da Cunha
(b. 1700 - d. 1791)
14 Oct 1758 – 6 Jun 1764 António de Vasconcelos
6 Jun 1764 – 21 Nov 1772 Francisco Inocêncio de Sousa
(b. c.1725 - d. ....)
Coutinho
21 Nov 1772 – 5 Dec 1779 António de Lencastre
(b. 1721 - d. ....)
5 Dec 1779 – 19 Dec 1782 José Gonçalo da Câmara Coutinho (d. 1783)
19 Dec 1782 – Sep 1784 Junta
- Luiz da Anunciação e Azevedo
- Joaquim Manoel Garcia de Castro (d. 1783)
Barbosa (to ... 1783)
- Francisco Xavier de Lobão
Machado Pessanha (from ... 1783)
- João Monteiro de Moraes
(d. 1783)
(for 51 days)
- Pedro Alvares de Andrade da
Cunha Azevedo e Vasconcellos
(after Moraes)
Sep 1784 - 1790
José de Almeida e Vasconcelos (b. 1737
- d. 18..)
Soveral Carvalho e Albergaria,
barão de Mossâmedes
1790 - 1797
Manuel de Almeida e Vasconcelos,
visconde da Lapa
1797 - 1802
Miguel António de Melo
(b. 1766 - d. 1836)
1802 - 1806
Fernando António Soares de Noronha (b. 1742 - d. 1814)
1806 – Mar 1807 Governing Junta
- Joaquim Maria Mascarenhas Castelo
Branco
- Duarte Cabreira de Brito e
Arvellos
- Manoel Pinto Coelho
- Eusébio Castela de Lemos
Mar 1807 – 7 Jul 1810 António
de Saldanha da Gama (b. 1778 - d. 1839)
7 Jul 1810 – 3 Jul 1816 José de Oliveira Barbosa, (b. 1753 - d. 1844)
visconde do Rio Comprido
3 Jul 1816 – 7 Sep 1819 Luís da Motta Feo e Torres
(b. 1769 - d. 1823)
7 Sep 1819 - 1821 Manuel Vieira Tovar de Albuquerque (b. 1776 - d. 1833)
1821 – 6 Feb 1822 Joaquim Inácio de Lima
6 Feb 1822 – 2 Oct 1823 Bishop João Damasceno da Silva
Póvoas
(President of the Junta)
2 Oct 1823 - 1824 Cristóvão Avelino Dias
1824 - 1829
Nicolau de Abreu Castelo-Branco (b. 1781 - d. 18..)
1829 – 25 Jun 1834 José
Maria de Sousa Macedo Almeida (b. 1787 - d. 1872)
e Vasconcelos, barão de Santa
Comba Dão
25 Jun 1834 – 20 Feb 1836 Leonardo José Vilela (d. 1842)
(President of the Junta)
20 Feb 1836 – 21 Aug 1836 Domingos de Saldanha Oliveira e (b. 1800 - d. 1836)
Daun
21 Aug 1836 – Aug 1837 Governing Junta
- Leonardo José Vilela
(s.a.)
- António Carlos Coutinho
- Fernando da Fonseca Mesquita
e Solla, visconde de Francos (b.
1795 - d. 1857)
Governors-general
Aug 1837 – 25 Jan 1839 Manuel Bernardo Vidal
25 Jan 1839 – 23 Nov 1839 António Manuel de Noronha
(b. 1772 - d. 18..)
23 Nov 1839 - 1842 Manuel Eleutério Malheiro (acting)
1842 – 10 Jul 1843 José
Xavier Bressane Leite (b. 1780 - d. 1843)
10 Jul 1843 – 1844 Government Council
- Carlos Augusto Franco
- Joaquim António de Carvalho e
Menezes
- Luiz Gomes Ribeiro
- António de Azevedo Galiano
1844 - 1845
Lourenço Germack Possolo
(b. 1779 - d. 18..)
1845 - 1848
Pedro Alexandrino da Cunha
(b. 1801 - d. 1850)
Apr 1848 - Aug 1851
Adrião Acácio da Silveira Pinto
Aug 1851 - Feb 1853
António Sérgio de Sousa
(b. 1809 - d. 1878)
Feb 1853 - Sep 1853
António Ricardo Graça
Sep 1853 - Mar 1854
Miguel Ximenes Rodrigues Sandoval (b. 1806 - d. 1884)
de Castro e Viegas, visconde de
Pinheiro
Mar 1854 - Oct 1854
Provisional Junta
- Joaquim de São Bento Moreira Reis(b. 1812 - d. 1887)
- Antonio Faustino dos Santos Crespo
- João Jacinto Tavares
Oct 1854 - Aug 1860
José Rodrigues Coelho do Amaral (b. 1808 - d. 1873)
(1st time)
Aug 1860 - Feb 1861 Carlos Augusto Franco
Feb 1861 - Sep 1862
Sebastião Lopes de Calheiros (b.
1816 - d. 1899)
e Meneses
Sep 1862 - Sep 1865
José Baptista de Andrade
(b. 1819 - d. 1902)
(1st time)
Sep 1865 – Mar 1866 José Lino de Oliveira
(b. 1803 - d. 1885)
(president of Governing Council)
Mar 1866 - Apr 1869 Francisco António Gonçalves (b. 1800 - d. 1875)
Cardoso
Apr 1869 - Jun 1870
José Rodrigues Coelho do Amaral (s.a.)
(2nd time)
Jun 1870 - Sep 1870
Joaquim José da Graça
Sep 1870 - Mar 1873
José Maria da Ponte e Horta
Mar 1873 - May 1876
José Baptista de Andrade
(s.a.)
(2nd time)
May 1876 - Jun 1876 Government Council
- Tomás Gomes de Almeida
- Luis Carlos Garcia de Miranda
- Miguel Gomes de Almeida (1st time)
- António do Nascimento Pereira
Sampaio
Jun 1876 - Jul 1878
Caetano Alexandre de Almeida (b. 1824
- d. 1894)
e Albuquerque
Jul 1878 - Jul 1880
Vasco Guedes de Carvalho e Meneses (b. 1824 - d. 1905)
Jul 1880 - Jun 1882
António Eleutério Dantas
(d. 1882)
Jun 1882 - Aug 1882
Government Council
- José Sebastião de Almeida Neto
- Miguel Gomes de Almeida (2nd time)
- Adelino Antero de Sá (1st time)
- Joaquim José Coelho de Carvalho Jr.
Aug 1882 - Jan 1886
Francisco Joaquim Ferreira do (b. 1844 - d.
1923)
Amaral
Jan 1886 - Apr 1886 Government Council
- António Tomás da Silva Leitão e
Castro
- Adelino Antero de Sá (2nd time)
- Onofre de Paiva Andrade
- Guilherme Gomes Coelho
Apr 1886 - 25 Aug 1892
Guilherme Auguste de Brito Capêlo (b. 1839 - d. 1926)
(1st time)
25 Aug 1892 - Oct 1893 Jaime Lôbo de Brito Godins (acting)
Oct 1893 - Nov 1894 Álvaro Antonio da Costa Ferreira
(1st time)
Nov 1894 – Apr 1895 Francisco Eugenio Pereira de Miranda
Apr 1895 – Jun 1896 Álvaro António da Costa Ferreira
(2nd time)
Jun 1896 - Feb 1897
Guilherme Auguste de Brito Capêlo (s.a.)
(2nd time)
Feb 1897 – Apr 1897 Government Council
- António Dias Ferreira
- António Maria Vieira Lisboa
- José Maria Pinto da Costa
- Lourenço Justiniano Padrel
Apr 1897 - Oct 1900
António Duarte Ramada Curto
(b. 1849 - d. 19..)
(1st time)
Oct 1900 - May 1903
Francisco Xavier Cabral de
(b. 1857 - d. 19..)
Moncada
May 1903 - Mar 1904
Eduardo Augusto Ferreira da Costa (b. 1865 - d. 1907)
(1st time)
Mar 1904 - Dec 1904
Custódio Miguel de Borja
(b. 1849 - d. 19..)
Dec
1904 - Mar 1906 António
Duarte Ramada Curto (s.a.)
(2nd time)(acting)
Mar 1906 - May 1906
Ernesto Augusto Gomes de Sousa
(1st time)(acting)
Mar 1906 - May 1907
Eduardo Augusto Ferreira da Costa (s.a.)
(2nd time)
May 1907 – Jun 1907 Ernesto Augusto Gomes de Sousa
(2nd time)(acting)
Jun 1907 - Jun 1909 Henrique Mitchell
de Paiva (b. 1861 - d. 1944)
Couceiro
Jun 1909 - Aug 1909
Álvaro António da Costa Ferreira (b. 1853 - d.
1933)
(3rd time)(acting)
Aug 1909 - Dec 1909
Government Council
- João Evangelista de Lima Vidal (b. 1874 - d. 1958)
- Manuel Pereira Pimenta de Sousa e
Castro
- Francisco Maria Cabral de França
16 Dec 1909 - 26 Oct 1910 José Augusto Alves Roçadas
(b. 1865 - d. 1926)
26 Oct 1910 - 18 Jan 1911
Caetano Francisco Cláudio Eugénio (b. 1868 - d. 1953)
Gonçalves (acting)
18 Jan 1911 - 26 Feb 1912 Manuel Maria
Coelho
(b. 1857 - d. 1943)
26 Feb 1912 - 7 Mar 1912 Manuel Moreira da Fonseca (acting)
7 Mar 1912 - 17 Jun 1912 António Eduardo Romeiras de Macedo
17 Jun 1912 - Mar 1915 José Maria Mendes Ribeiro Norton (b. 1867 - d. 1955)
de Matos
Mar 1915
Mario Teixeira Malheiros (acting)
Mar 1915 - Oct 1915 António Júlio da Costa Pereira de (b. 1852 - d. 1917)
Eça
Oct 1915
Government Council
- Manuel do Sacramento Monteiro
- Alberto Barbosa de Queirós
- Mario Teixeira Malheiros
Oct 1915 - Apr 1916
Francisco Pais Teles de Ultra
Machado (acting)
Apr 1916 - 19 Oct 1917 Pedro Francisco Massano do Amorim (b. 1862 - d. 1929)
19 Oct 1917 - 14 Sep 1918 Jaime Alberto
de Castro Morais (b. 1882 - d. 1973)
14 Sep 1918 - 10 May 1919 Filomeno
da Câmara Melo Cabral (b. 1873 - d. 1934)
10 May 1919 - Jul 1919 António Nogueira Mimoso Guerra (b. 1867 - d. 1950)
(acting)
Jul 1919 – Apr 1920 Francisco Coelho do Amaral Reis, (b. 1873 - d. 1938)
visconde de Pedralva
Apr 1920 - Oct 1920 Isidoro Pedro Leger Pereira Leite
(acting)
Oct 1920 – Mar 1921 José Inácio da Silva (acting)
Mar 1921 - Apr 1921
José de Abreu Barbosa Bacelar
(acting)
High commissioners and Governors-general
Apr 1921 - Sep 1923
José Maria Mendes Ribeiro Norton (s.a.)
de Matos
Sep 1923 – 14 Aug 1924 Miguel de Almeida Santos (acting)
14 Aug 1924 - 6 Sep 1924 João Augusto Crispiniano Soares
6 Sep 1924 - Jun 1925 Antero Tavares de Carvalho
Jun 1925 - 21 Jan 1926 Francisco Cunha Rêgo Chaves (b. 1881 - d. 1941)
Jan 1926 - 16 Sep 1926 Artur de Sales Henriques (acting)
16 Sep 1926 - Nov 1928
António Vicente Ferreira
Nov 1928 - Feb 1929
António Damas Mora (acting)
Feb 1929 - Mar 1930 Filomeno da Câmara Melo Cabral (s.a.)
Mar 1930 – 31 Mar 1930 Genipro da Cunha de Eça Costa (b. 1878 - d. 1945)
Freitas e Almeida (acting)
31 Mar 1930 – 3 Jul 1930 Bento Esteves Roma
(b. 1884 - d. 1953)
3 Jul 1930 - 1931
José Dionísio Carneiro de Sousa
e Faro
1931 – 1934
Eduardo Ferreira Viana
Apr 1933 – Nov 1933 Ernesto Gonçalves Amaro
(acting for Viana)
1934 - 1935
Júlio Garcês de Lencastre
1935 - 1939
António Lopes Mateus (b. 1877 - d. 19..)
Aug 1936 – Jan 1937 Vasco Lopes Alves
(acting for Matheus)
1939 – 1940
José Diogo Ferreira Martins (acting)
1940 - 1942
Manoel da Cunha e Costa Marques
Mano
1942
Abel de Abreu Souto-Maior
1942 - 1943
Álvaro de Freitas Morna (b. 1885 - d. 19..)
1943
José Ferreira Rodrigues de
Figueiredo dos Santos
1943
Manuel Pereira Figueira
1943 - 1947
Vasco Lopes Alves
(b. 1898 - d. c.1975)
1947
Fernando Falcão Pacheco Mena
1948 - 1955
José Agapito de Silva Carvalho
Dec 1950 – Mar 1951 José Antonio Fernandes
(acting for Carvalho)
Aug 1951 – Sep 1951 José Antonio Fernandes
(acting for Carvalho)
Aug 1955 – Sep 1955 Manuel da Cruz Alvura
Sep 1955 - Feb 1956
Manuel de Gusmão de Mascarenhas (b. 1901 - d. ....)
Galvão
Feb 1956 - Aug 1959
Horácio José de Sá Viana Rebelo (b. 1910 - d. 1995)
Aug 1959 – Feb 1960 Francisco Avelar Maia de Loureiro
(acting)
Feb 1960 - 1961 Álvaro Rodrigues da Silva
Tavares (b. 1915)
1961 – 14 Jun 1961 Manuel da Cruz Alvura (acting)
14 Jun 1961 – 23 Jun 1961 Carlos Miguel Lopes da Silva (b. 1907 - d. 1961)
Freire (acting)
23 Jun 1961 - 8 Sep 1962 Venâncio Augusto Deslandes
(b. 1909 - d. 1985)
8 Sep 1962 – 5 Nov 1962 Francisco M. Holbeche Fino (acting)(b. 1898 - d. 1979)
5 Nov 1962 - 27 Oct 1966 Silvino Silvério Marquês
(1st time)(b. 1918)
27 Oct 1966 - Oct 1972 Camilo Augusto de
Miranda Rebocho (b. 1920 - d. 1998)
Vaz
Oct 1972 - 26 Apr 1974 Fernando
Augusto Santos Castro (b. 1922 - d. 1983)
26 Apr 1974 - 25 Jun 1974 Joaquím Franco
Pinheiro (acting)
25 Jun 1974 - 24 Jul 1974 Silvino Silvério Marquês
(2nd time)(s.a.)
24 Jul 1974 - 28 Jan 1975 António Alva Rosa Coutinho
(b. 1926 - d. 2010)
(acting to 29 Nov 1974)
28 Jan 1975 - 2 Aug 1975 António Silva Cardoso
(b. 1928)
2 Aug 1975 - 26 Aug 1975 Ernesto Ferreira de Macedo
(acting)
26 Aug 1975 - 10 Nov 1975 Leonel Alexandre Gomes Cardoso (b. 1919 - d. 1988)
Presidents
11 Nov 1975 - 10 Sep 1979 António Agostinho Neto
(s.a.)
MPLA-PT
10 Sep 1979 -
José Eduardo dos Santos
(s.a.)
MPLA-PT
(acting to 21 Sep 1979)
Presidential Council of the Transitional Government
31 Jan 1975 - 15 Jul 1975 Lopo Fortunato Ferreira do
(b. 1942)
MPLA
Nascimento
+ José de Assunção
Alberto Ndele (b. 1940)
UNITA
+ Johnny Eduardo Pinnock
(b. 1942 - d. 2000) FNLA
(chairman in rotation)
Prime ministers
11 Nov 1975 - 9 Dec 1978 Lopo Fortunato Ferreira do
(s.a.)
MPLA-PT
Nascimento
19 Jul 1991 - 2 Dec 1992 Fernando José de França
Dias (b. 1952)
MPLA-PT
van Dúnem (1st time)
2 Dec 1992 - 3 Jun 1996 Marcolino José Carlos
Moco (b. 1953)
MPLA-PT
3 Jun 1996 - 29 Jan 1999 Fernando José de França
Dias
(s.a.)
MPLA-PT
van Dúnem (2nd time)
6 Dec 2002 - 30 Sep 2008 Fernando "Nando" da
Piedade Dias (b. 1952)
MPLA-PT
dos Santos
30 Sep 2008 - 5 Feb 2010 António Paulo Kassoma (b. 1951)
MPLA-PT
5 Feb 2010 - Post abolished
Supreme Council for the Liberation of Angola
![[Angola - FNLA]](ao-fnla.gif)
Prime minister
5 Apr 1962 - 11 Nov 1975 Álvaro Holden Roberto
(b. 1923 - d. 2007) FNLA
(provisional; in Leopoldville
[Khinshasa], Congo exile)
![[Angola - MPLA]](ao-mpla.gif)
- Territorial Dispute: Cabindan separatists continue to return to the Angolan exclave from exile in neighboring states and Europe since the 2006 ceasefire and peace agreement.
- Party abbreviations: FNLA = Frente Nacional de Libertação para de Angola (National Front for the Liberation of Angola, northern regionalist; [formed 1957 as Unio das Populacoes do Norte de Angola UPNA]); MPLA-PT = Movimento Popular da Libertação de Angola -Partido de Trabalho
- (Popular Liberation Movement of Angola-Labor Party, authoritarian/extreme leftist renounces marxism 26 Mar 1991, only legal party Nov 1975-1991, primarily ethnic Kimbundu); PDL = Partido Democratico Liberale (Liberal Democratic Party); UNITA = União Nacional para a Independência Total de Angola (National Union for the Total Independence of Angola, authoritarian/conservative, primarily ethnic Ovimbundu)
Counter governments: Democratic People's Republic of Angola
![[Angola - UNITA]](ao-unita.gif)
11 Nov 1975 Democratic People's Republic of Angola (counter-government,
at Huambo).
11 Feb 1976 Suppressed by Angolan government.
1979 Democratic People's Republic of Angola (counter-government,
at Cunjamba and later Jamba).
1992 Brief end to civil war which it resumes after UNITA disputes
national election results.
1994 - Dec 1998 Ceasefire.
4 Apr 2002 Accord ends civil war.
Presidents of the Joint National Council for the Revolution
11 Nov 1975 - 11 Feb 1976 Álvaro Holden Roberto
(b. 1923 - d. 2007) FNLA
+ Jonas Malheiro Savimbi
(b. 1934 - d. 2002) UNITA
Presidents
1979 - 22 Feb 2002
Jonas Malheiro Savimbi
(s.a.)
UNITA
22 Feb 2002 - 3 Mar 2002 António Sebastiao Dembo (b. 1944 - d. 2002) UNITA
3 Mar 2002 - 4 Apr 2002 Paulo Armindo Lukamba Gato
(acting)(b. 1954)
UNITA
(chairman of the managerial commission)
Prime ministers
23 Nov 1975 - 11 Feb 1976 José de Assunção
Alberto Ndele (b. 1940)
UNITA
+ Johnny Eduardo Pinnock
(b. 1942 - d. 2000) FNLA
Party abbreviations: FNLA = Frente Nacional para a
Libertação de Angola (National Front for the Liberation of
Angola, northern regionalist); UNITA = União Nacional para
a Independência Total de Angola (National Union for the Total Independence
of Angola, authoritarian,
conservative, primarily ethnic Ovimbundu)
|
|
"Cabinda Pátria Imortal" (Cabinda Immortal Homeland) |
Adopted 1975 |
|
|
(Tchiowa) |
(AOA) |
1 Aug (1975) Independence Day |
81,000 (1971) |
|
(included within Angola figures) |
Kotchi, Yombe, Sundi, Lumbo, Mayombe, others |
||
|
claims 5,000 (2002) |
traditional beliefs |
||
| International Organizations FLEC: UNPO (from 1997) | |||
- 29 Sep 1883 Cabinda a Portuguese protectorate (Portuguese Congo).
- 14 Feb 1885 Portuguese possession confirmed by the Berlin Conference.
- 18 Jul 1885 Portuguese Congo district created (seat: Cabinda).
- 1887 Cabinda constituted as a circunscrição administrativa within the
- Congo distrito, having a its own special resident.
- 1919 Made a separate district of Cabinda.
- 4 May 1921 Angola divided into 11 districts (subdivided into circunscriçoês),
- Cabinda re-incorporated into the Congo district (by carta
- orgânica da província).
- Mar 1922 District of Zaire created, the Intendancy of Cabinda
- becomes part of the Zaire district.
- 1930 Intendancy of Zaire and Cabinda.
- 1932 With the integration of districts of Zaire and Congo, the
- Intendancy of Cabinda becomes directly dependent on the
- governor-general of Angola.
- 19 Mar 1933 The new Portuguese fundamental law maintains distinction
- between Angola and Cabinda among its overseas provinces.
- 1 Jul 1934 Angola divided into 14 districts (by reforma administrativa
- ultramarina).
- 1936 Angola divied into 5 provinces: Luanda (districts: Luanda, Cuanza
- Norte, Congo, Zaire and Cabinda), Malanje, Benguela, Bié, Hula.
- 1946 District of Cabinda restored.
- 28 May 1956 Cabinda administratively incorporated into Angola.
- May 1963 Organization of African Unity (OAU) ranks Cabinda as the
- 39th state still to be decolonized (Angola as the 35th).
- 10 Jan 1967 FLEC establishes Cabindan government in exile in Congo (Kinshasa).
- 15 Jan 1975 Portugal meets with Angolan factions (MPLA, FNLA and UNITA) and,
- under Alvor Agreement, recognizes Cabinda as part of Angola.
- 1 Aug 1975 Independence declared by FLEC (Republic of Cabinda)
- (not recognized by Portugal or other Angolan factions).
- 11 Nov 1975 Cabinda part of independent Angola.
1885 - 1886 Jaime Pereira de Sampaio Forjaz (b. 1855 - d. 1921)
de Serpa Pimentel
1890 - 1892 José António de Miranda
(did not take office)
1892 - 1897 João Francisco Nunes
1897 Luís Gonzaga Ribeiro (b. 1864 - d. 1927)
1899 Henrique Quirino da Fonseca (b. 1868 - d. 1839)
Governors of Congo district
14 Jul 1887 - 1889 José Antonio de Brissac das (b. 1846 - d. 1902)
Neves Ferreira
1889 - 1890 António de Azarado de Vasconcelos
1890 - 1893 António Sérgio de Sousa
1893 - 1895 Nuno de Freitas Queriol (1st time) (b. 1855 - d. 1924)
1895 - 1896 Jaime Pereira de Sampaio Forjaz de
Serpa Pimenta
1895 - 1896 Eduardo Augusto Gomes de Sousa
(1st time)
1896 - 1897 Nuno de Freitas Queriol (2nd time) (s.a.)
1897 Eduardo Augusto Gomes de Sousa
(2nd time)
1897 - 1899 Luís Bernardino Leitão Xavier
1899 - 1900 Henrique Quirino da Fonseca (s.a.)
1900 Augusto Pereira do Vale
1900 - 1901 Jaime da Fonseca Monteiro
1901 Pedro de Azevedo Coutinho
1901 Raúl Correia Betancourt de Furtado
1901 - 1902 João dos Santos Pereira Jardim
Governors of Cabinda district
1946 - 1949 Raul de Lima
1949 - 1956 Ismael Pais
1956 João Baptista Duarte Pinheira
1956 - 1957 Jaime António Tavares Machado
Banazol
1957 - 1958 Norberto Augusto Lopes
1959 - 1961 José Paulo Paixão Barradas
1961 - 1963 Júlio de Araújo Ferreira (b. 1905 - d 1995)
1964 - 1965 Artur João Cabral Carmona (b. 1916)
1965 - 1966 Adriano Augusto Pires
1966 - 1968 João Tiroa
1968 - 1970 Americo Eurico Agostinho Mendonça
Frazão
1970 - 1971 Eurico Ferreira Gonçalves (b. 1916 - d. 2005)
1971 - 1975 João António Pinheiro
1975 - Nov 1975 Manuel Freire Themudo Barata (b. 1919 - d. 2003)
Governors of Cabinda province
1975 - 1977/79 Evaristo Domingos "Kimba" (Quimba) (b. 1944 - d. 2011) MPLA-PT
1977/79 - 1982 Manuel Francisco Tuta "Batalha de MPLA-PT
Angola"
1982 - 1990 Jorge Barros Tchimpuaty (Chimpuaty) MPLA-PT
1990 Maria Mambo Café (f) (b. 1945) MPLA-PT
1990 - 1995 Augusto da Silva Tomás (b. 1957) MPLA-PT
Jan 1995 - Apr 2002 José Amaro Tati (Taty) MPLA-PT
Apr 2002 - 2009 José Aníbal Lopes Rocha MPLA-PT
1 Dec 2009 - Mawete João Baptista (b. 1947) MPLA-PT
![[FLEC 1974 flag]](ao-flecb.gif)
FLEC flag from 1974
10 Jan 1967 - 1 Aug 1975 Pedro Simba Macosso (b. 1927) FLEC
(in Tshela, Congo [Kinshasa] exile)
Aug 1975 - Jan 1976 Luis de Gonzaga Ranque Franque (b. 19.. - d. 2007) FLEC
(provisional to Aug 1975;
from 1976 in Congo [Kinshasa] exile)
Prime minister
Jul 1975 - Jan 1976 Francisco
Xavier Lubota (b. 1942? - d. 2006) FLEC
(provisional to 1 Aug 1975;
from Nov 1975 in Congo [Kinshasa] exile)
Party abbreviations: FELC = Frente para a Libertação do Enclave de Cabinda (Front for the Liberation of the Enclave of Cabinda, Cabinda regionalist, separatist, est.1963], split 1976 into FLEC-N and FLEC-L); FLEC-L = FLEC-Lubota (FLEC faction, Francisco Xavier Lubota personalist, est.1976); FLEC-N = FLEC-N'Zita (FLEC faction, Henrique Tiaho N'Zita personalist, est.1976); MPLA-PT = Movimento Popular da Libertação de Angola -Partido de Trabalho(Popular Liberation Movement of Angola-Labor Party, authoritarian/extreme leftist renounces marxism 26 Mar 1991, only legal party Nov 1975-1991, primarily ethnic Kimbundu)
©2000 Ben Cahoon