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U.S. States S-U

States: South Carolina (SC) - South Dakota (SD) - Tennessee (TN) - Texas (TX) - Utah (UT) -

Party abbreviations: Dem = Democratic Party (liberal, center-left, former D-R, est.1829); Rep = Republican Party (conservative, center-right, est.1854]); Mil = Military;
- Former parties: Con = Conservative Party; D-R = Democratic-Republican Party (pro-states rights, anti-federalist, 1791-1829, renamed Dem); Fus = Fusion Party (South Dakota, alliance of some Democrats, Free Silver Republicans, and Populists, 1896-1901); Pop = People's (Populist) Party (agrarian, populist, left-wing, merger of Farmers' Alliance and Greenback Party, 1892-1909, merged into Dem); Uni = Union Party (or Constitutional Union Party, formed chiefly by remnants of Know-Nothing Party and southern Whigs, May 1860-1861); Whg = Whig Party (economic nationalist, protectionist, anti-Jacksonian, 1833-1860)

South Carolina
 
[Flag of South Carolina 1861]
26 Jan 1861 - 28 Jan 1861
[Flag of State of South Carolina (U.S.)]
Adopted 28 Jan 1861
Map of South Carolina
Hear State Song
"Carolina"
Adopted 11 Feb 1911
State Song
"South Carolina on My Mind"
Adopted 8 Mar 1984
State Constitution
(1 Jan 1896)
 Capital: Columbia
(Charleston 1783-1790;
Charles Towne 1670-1783)
Mottos: Animis opibusque
parati (Prepared in mind
and resources) and Dum spiro
spero (While I breathe, I hope)
Nickname: Palmetto State
Population: 5,118,425 (2020)
Mayors of
Charleston
Chronology

May 1562 - Apr 1563        French settlement at Port Royale Sound
                             (Charlesfort).
30 Oct 1629                King Charles I grants to Sir Robert Heath (b.
                             1575 - d. 1649), the territory between 31
                             degrees and 36 degrees North latitude, which
                             is named "Carolana" (no effective settlement
                             established). On 2 Dec 1638, Heath conveys his
                             Carolana interests to Henry Frederick Howard,
                             Lord Maltravers (b. 1608 - d. 1652).
24 Mar 1663                English proprietary colony Carolina (Albemarle 
                             province)(see North Carolina), first Charter
                             signed by King Charles II granted Carolina to
                             the original eight Proprietors.
 22 Jun 1665                Privy Council confirmed King Charles II's 1663
                             grant and declared all previous grants to be
                             null and void.
30 Jun 1665                Proprietary colony of Carolina (today North
                             Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, and
                             Florida down to New Smyrna Beach). King Charles
                             II signed the 2nd Charter for the colony of
                             Carolina, increasing its size on the northern
                             and southern borders.
 Oct 1665 - Aug 1667        Clarendon County established along the Cape Fear
                             River, but was abandoned by Aug 1667 due to
                             total destruction by a large hurricane (county
                             dis-established in 1669).
21 Jul 1669                The Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina issued
                             by the Lords Proprietors (amended 1 Mar 1670,
                             12 Jan 1698, 17 Aug 1682, suspended 1693,
                             re-issued 11 Apr 1698). It laid out a
                             government structure to enable the Lords
                             Proprietors to exercise the desired feudal
                             powers granted in their charters, with the
                             eldest Lord Proprietor to be called Palatine.
Apr 1670                   English establish Charles Towne (Charleston) at
                             Albemarle Point.
 Nov 1684 - Aug 1686        Separate Scottish colony at Stuart's Town.
1689                       Albemarle county dis-established, for the next
                              decade the Carolana colony was simply called,
                             "Ye Lands North and East of Cape Feare" -
                              referring to North Carolina, and "Ye Lands
                              South and West of Cape Feare" - referring
                              to South Carolina.
19 Mar 1712                Division into North and South Carolina (de jure
                             Carolina remained undivided political entity
                             until the surrender of the charter in 1729).
 10 Jun 1721                First royal governor is installed in office.
25 May 1729                Agreement for the surrender of title and interest
                             of the Lords Proprietors in the Province of
                             Carolina is approved in accordance with an act
                             passed by the Parliament of U.K. (received Royal
                             Assent on 25 May 1729).
 5 Aug 1729                Surrender of the Charter of Carolina is
                             accomplished (upon issuing a warrant for the
                             payment of £17,500 to seven of the eight Lords
                             Proprietors in pursuance of act of 25 May 1729).
 26 Dec 1730                Province of the South Carolina.
26 Mar 1776                The constitution of 26 Mar 1776 did not make any
                             explicit provision with regard to the official
                             name of the state; "Colony of South Carolina" as
                             a part of the style was in official use until
                             some time after 4 Jul 1776, when it was
                             substituted with "State of South Carolina."
 4 Jul 1776                British colonies represented in the Continental
                             Congress are proclaimed "free and independent
                             states" in accordance with a declaration approved
                             by the Congress in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
 4 Jul 1776                State of South Carolina
 5 Feb 1778                The delegates of South Carolina in the Continental
                             Congress are authorized to agree to and ratify
                             the Articles of Confederation.
12 May 1780 - 14 Dec 1782  British occupy Charleston.
 1 Mar 1781                State of the U.S. as a confederation, retaining
                             sovereignty.
 4 Mar 1789                Part of the U.S. as a federal republic.
20 Dec 1860                South Carolina seceded from the U.S. in accordance
                             with an ordinance passed by the Convention.
  8 Feb 1861                Founding state of Confederate States of America.
 9 Nov 1861 - 1865         Union occupation of Beaufort, Hilton Head, and 
                             (from 7 Dec 1861) Port Royal.
19 Sep 1865                Ordinance of Secession of 1861 repealed.
15 Jul 1868                Re-admitted to United States.
 Charlesfort &
Stuart's Town
(1562-1563,
1684-1686)
 
 
 
 
 

Lords Proprietors of Carolina
- Original Eight Lords Proprietors of Carolina -
24 Mar 1663 - 16 Apr 1666  Sir John Colleton                  (b. 1608 - d. 1666)
 24 Mar 1663 -  3 Jan 1670  George Monck, Duke of Albemarle    (b. 1608 - d. 1670)
                              (Palatine 1 Mar 1669 - 3 Jan 1670)
24 Mar 1663 -  9 Dec 1674  Edward Hyde, Earl of Clarendon     (b. 1609 - d. 1674)
 24 Mar 1663 -  9 Jul 1677  Sir William Berkeley               (b. 1608 - d. 1677)
 24 Mar 1663 - 28 Aug 1678  John Berkeley, Baron of Stratton   (b. 1602 - d. 1678)
                              (Palatine 3 Jan 1670 - 28 Aug 1678)
 24 Mar 1663 - 14 Jan 1680  Sir George Carteret                (b. 1610 - d. 1680)
                              (Palatine 28 Aug 1678 - 14 Jan 1680)
24 Mar 1663 - 21 Jan 1683  Anthony Ashley Cooper, Earl        (b. 1621 - d. 1683)
                              of Shaftesbury
 24 Mar 1663 -  9 Apr 1697  William Craven, Earl of Craven     (b. 1606 - d. 1697)
                             (Palatine 14 Jan 1680 - 9 Apr 1697)
 - Sir John Colleton's "Share" -
16 Apr 1666 - 24 Mar 1694  Sir Peter Colleton I               (b. 1635 - d. 1694)
24 Mar 1694 - 25 Jul 1729  Sir John Colleton                  (b. 1669 - d. 1754)
- George Monck's "Share" -
 3 Jan 1670 -  6 Oct 1688  Christopher Monck, Duke of         (b. 1653 - d. 1688)
                             Albemarle
1694 - 22 Aug 1701         John Granville, Earl of Bath       (b. 1628 - d. 1701)
                              (Palatine 9 Apr 1697 - 22 Aug 1701)
22 Aug 1701 -  3 Dec 1707  John Grenville, Baron Granville    (b. 1665 - d. 1707)
                             of Potheridge
                              (Palatine 22 Aug 1701 - 3 Dec 1707)
 3 Dec 1707 - 24 May 1714  Henry Somerset, Duke of Beaufort   (b. 1684 - d. 1714)
                             (Palatine 9 Oct 1711 - 24 May 1714)
24 May 1714 - 25 Jul 1729  Henry Somerset, Duke of Beaufort   (b. 1707 - d. 1745)
                           + Charles Noel Somerset            (b. 1709 - d. 1756)
                           [managed by Doddington Greville (b. 1679? - d. 1738)]
- Edward Hyde's "Share" -
 9 Dec 1674 - 1679         Henry Hyde, Earl of Clarendon      (b. 1638 - d. 1709)
1679 - 1694                Seth Sothel (Southwell)            (b. 16.. - d. 1694)
 1694 - 1700                Thomas Amy                         (b. 16.. - d. 1704)
1700 - 25 Jul 1729         Ann Amy Trott (f)                  (d. 1729?)
                            + Nicholas Trott                   (b. 1663 - d. 1740)
1694 - 1728                James Bertie                       (b. 1674 - d. 1735)
                            + Henry Bertie                     (b. 1675 - d. 1735)
                             [share assigned to Henry Bertie in mid-1720's]
                            [held in trust by Hugh Watson (of Middle Temple)(d. 1759)]
 1728 - 25 Jul 1729         Edward Bertie                      (b. 1696 - d. 1733)
                            + Alexius Clayton                  (b. 1687? - d. 1743)
                           + Samuel Horsey                    (b. 1670 - d. 1738)
                           + Henry Smith (of Caversham)       (d. 1742)
- William Berkeley's "Share" -
 9 Jul 1677 - Dec 1683     Lady Frances Berkeley (f)          (b. 1634 - d. 1695)
                              (= Frances Culpeper Stephens Berkeley Ludwell)
Dec 1683 - 1704            Thomas Amy                         (s.a.)
                            [trustee and manager of the trust for four Lords Proprietors:
                            Monck, Craven, Carteret and Colleton (s.a.)]
1704 - 1707                Thomas Amy, Jr.                    (b. 16.. - d. 1707)
                            [unrecognized claimant]
 1704 - 25 Jul 1729         Elizabeth Amy Moore (f)
                           + Ann Amy Trott (f)                (s.a.)
                            + Nicholas Trott                   (s.a.)
                           [unrecognized claimants]
1705 - 1708                John Archdale (2nd time)           (b. 1642 - d. 1717)
1708 - 1725                Mary Archdale Danson (f)           (d. af.1729)
                            + John Danson (to 1724)            (d. c.1724)
 1725 - 25 Jul 1729         James Bertie                       (s.a.)
                            + Henry Bertie                     (s.a.)
                             [share assigned to Henry Bertie in mid-1720's]
                            [held in trust by Hugh Watson (of Middle Temple)(s.a.)]
- John Berkeley's "Share" -
1678 - 1696                John Archdale (1st time)           (s.a.)
                            [on behalf of his son Thomas Archdale (b. 1676 - d. 1711)]
 1696 -  7 Sep 1700         Joseph Blake                       (b. 1663 - d. 1700)
  7 Sep 1700 - 25 Jul 1729  Joseph Blake, Jr.                  (b. 1700 - d. 1751)
                            [managed by mother Elizabeth Axtell Blake (b. 1667 - d. 1726)
                            until he came of age]
 - George Carteret's "Share"-
14 Jan 1680 - 22 Sep 1695  Sir George Carteret, Earl of       (b. 1667 - d. 1695)
                              Granville
22 Sep 1695 - 25 Jul 1729  John Carteret, Baron Carteret,     (b. 1690 - d. 1763)
                              (6 Jun 1715 - 3 Sep 1720,
                              Seigneur of Sark)
                              (Palatine 24 May 1714 - 25 Jul 1729)
 - Anthony Ashley Cooper's "Share" -
21 Jan 1683 -  2 Nov 1699  Anthony Ashley Cooper II, Earl     (b. 1652 - d. 1699)
                              of Shaftesbury
  2 Nov 1699 -  4 Feb 1713  Anthony Ashley Cooper III, Earl    (b. 1671 - d. 1713)
                              of Shaftesbury
                           [affairs managed by his brother Maurice Ashley Cooper]
 4 Feb 1713 - 1713         Anthony Ashley Cooper IV, Earl     (b. 1711 - d. 1771)
                              of Shaftesbury
 1713 - 1725                Maurice Ashley Cooper              (b. 1675 - d. 1726)
 1725 - 1727                Sir John Tyrrell                   (b. 1685 - d. 1729)
 1727 - 25 Jul 1729         John Cotton                        (b. 1671 - d. 1736)
                            [held in trust by Archibald Hutcheson (b. c.1659 - d. 1740)]
 - William Craven's "Share" -
 9 Apr 1697 -  9 Oct 1711  William Craven, Baron Craven       (b. 1668 - d. 1711)
                              (Palatine 3 Dec 1707 - 9 Oct 1711)
 9 Oct 1711 - 25 Jul 1729  William Craven, Baron Craven       (b. 1700 - d. 1739)

Governor of Clarendon County
Oct 1665 - Aug 1667        Sir John Yeamans                   (b. 1611? - d. 1674)
 Governors of Charles Towne
15 Mar 1670 -  4 Mar 1671  William Sayle                      (b. c.1593 - d. 1671)
                            ("governour of all that Territory, or part of the Province of
                             Carolina that lies southward and westward of Cape Carteret")
 4 Mar 1671 - 19 Apr 1672  Joseph West (1st time)(acting)     (d. 1692)
19 Apr 1672 - Aug 1674     Sir John Yeamans                   (s.a.)
13 Aug 1674 - Oct 1682     Joseph West (2nd time)             (s.a.)
Oct 1682 - Jul 1684        Joseph Morton (1st time)           (b. c.1664 -  d. 1721)
Jul 1684 - Aug 1684        Sir Richard Kyrle                  (d. 1684)
30 Aug 1684 -  1 Jul 1685  Joseph West (3rd time)(acting)     (s.a.)
Jul 1685 - Oct 1685        Robert Quarry (acting)             (d. c.1712)
Oct 1685 - Nov 1686        Joseph Morton (2nd time)           (s.a.)
Nov 1686 - Mar 1690        Landgrave James Colleton           (b. 16.. - d. c.1706)
Governor of "Lands South and West of Cape Feare"
Mar 1690 - 11 Apr 1692     Seth Sothel (Southwell)            (s.a.)
Governors of Carolina
11 Apr 1692 - May 1693     Philip Ludwell                     (b. 1637 - d. 1716)
May 1693 - 16 Nov 1694     Landgrave Thomas Smith             (b. 1648 - d. 1694)
16 Nov 1694 - 17 Aug 1695  Joseph Blake (1st time)(acting)    (s.a.)
17 Aug 1695 - 29 Oct 1696  John Archdale                      (s.a.)
29 Oct 1696 -  7 Sep 1700  Joseph Blake (2nd time)            (s.a.)
11 Sep 1700 - Mar 1703     James Moore, Sr. (acting)          (b. 1640 - d. 1703)
Mar 1703 - 26 Nov 1709     Landgrave Sir Nathaniel Johnson    (b. 1644 - d. 1713)
26 Nov 1709 - 20 Jun 1710  Edward Tynte                       (b. 16.. - d. 1710)
20 Jun 1710 - 19 Mar 1712  Robert Gibbes (acting)             (b. 1644 - d. 1715)
Governors of South Carolina
19 Mar 1712 - 23 Apr 1716  Charles Craven                     (b. 1682 - d. 1754)
25 Apr 1716 - 30 Apr 1717  Robert Daniell (acting)            (b. 1646 - d. 1718)
30 Apr 1717 - 21 Dec 1719  Robert Johnson (1st time)          (b. 1682 - d. 1735)
21 Dec 1719                Arthur Middleton (1st time)(acting)(b. 1681 - d. 1737)
                             (president of the Convention of the People)
21 Dec 1719 - 10 Jun 1721  James Moore, Jr.                   (b. 1667 - d. 1740)
10 Jun 1721 - 16 Mar 1728  Francis Nicholson                  (b. 1655 - d. 1728)
                             (took oath of office 11 Jun 1721) 
28 May 1725 - 27 Dec 1730  Arthur Middleton (2nd time)        (s.a.)
                             (acting [for Nicholson to 16 Mar 1728])    
Governors and Commanders-in-Chief in and over the Province of South Carolina
27 Dec 1730 - 14 May 1735  Robert Johnson (2nd time)          (s.a.)
14 May 1735 -  3 Dec 1737  Thomas Broughton (acting)          (b. 1668? - d. 1737)
                             (lieutenant governor)
 3 Dec 1737 - 28 Dec 1743  William Bull (acting)              (b. 1683 - d. 1755)
                             (lieutenant governor from 14 Apr 1739)
28 Dec 1743 -  1 Jun 1756  James Glen                         (b. 1701 - d. 1777)
 1 Jun 1756 - 22 Dec 1761  William Henry Lyttelton            (b. 1724 - d. 1808)
 5 Apr 1760 - 22 Dec 1761  William Bull II                    (b. 1710 - d. 1791)
                             (acting for Lyttelton)
22 Dec 1761 - 12 Jun 1766  Thomas Boone                       (b. 1730/31 - d. 1812)
14 May 1764 - 12 Jun 1766  William Bull II                    (s.a.)
                             (acting for Boone)
12 Jun 1766 - 18 Jun 1775  Charles Greville Montagu           (b. 1741 - d. 1783)
31 Jul 1769 - 15 Sep 1771  William Bull II (1st time)         (s.a.)
                             (acting for Montagu)
 6 Mar 1773 - 18 Jun 1775  William Bull II (2nd time)         (s.a.)
                             (acting for Montagu)
18 Jun 1775 -  6 Jan 1776  William Campbell, Lord Campbell    (b. 1730 - d. 1778)
                             (abandons Charleston on 15 Sep 1775,
                             permanently left on 6 Jan 1776)
Presidents of the Provincial Congress
11 Jan 1775 -  1 Jun 1775  Charles Pinckney                   (b. 1757 - d. 1824)
 1 Jun 1775 -  1 Nov 1775  Henry Laurens                      (b. 1724 - d. 1792)
 1 Nov 1775 - 26 Mar 1776  William Henry Drayton              (b. 1742 - d. 1779)
President of the Council of Safety
16 Jun 1775 -  1 Nov 1775  Henry Laurens (1st time)           (s.a.)
 1 Nov 1775 - 30 Nov 1775  dissolution
30 Nov 1775 - 26 Mar 1775  Henry Laurens (2nd time)           (s.a.)
Presidents and Commanders-in-Chief in and over the State of South Carolina
26 Mar 1776 -  5 Mar 1778  John Rutledge                      (b. 1739 - d. 1800)  Non-party
 5 Mar 1778 - 11 Mar 1778  Vacant
11 Mar 1778 - 9? Jan 1779  Rawlins Lowndes                    (b. 1721 - d. 1800)  Non-party
Governors and Commanders-in-Chief in and over the State of South Carolina
9? Jan 1779 - 31 Jan 1782  John Rutledge                      (s.a.)               Non-party
                             (leaves seat of government 13 Apr 1780 - 1 Aug 1781)
31 Jan 1782 -  6 Feb 1783  John Mathews                       (b. 1744 - d. 1802)  Non-party
 6 Feb 1783 - 11 Feb 1785  Benjamin Guerard                   (b. 1740 - d. 1788)  Non-party
11 Feb 1785 - 21 Feb 1787  William Moultrie (1st time)        (b. 1730 - d. 1805)  Fed
21 Feb 1787 - 26 Jan 1789  Thomas Pinckney                    (b. 1750 - d. 1828)  Fed
26 Jan 1789 -  5 Dec 1792  Charles Pinckney (1st time)        (s.a.)               Fed
 5 Dec 1792 - 18 Dec 1794  William Moultrie (2nd time)        (s.a.)               Fed
18 Dec 1794 - 12 Dec 1796  Arnoldus Vanderhorst               (b. 1748 - d. 1815)  Fed
12 Dec 1796 - 18 Dec 1798  Charles Pinckney (2nd time)        (s.a.)               Fed
18 Dec 1798 - 23 Jan 1800  Edward Rutledge                    (b. 1749 - d. 1800)  Fed
23 Jan 1800 -  9 Dec 1802  John Drayton (1st time)            (b. 1767 - d. 1822)  D-R
                             (lieutenant governor acting to 6 Dec 1800)
 9 Dec 1802 - 10 Dec 1804  James Burchill Richardson          (b. 1770 - d. 1836)  D-R
10 Dec 1804 - 11 Dec 1806  Paul Hamilton                      (b. 1762 - d. 1816)  D-R
11 Dec 1806 - 10 Dec 1808  Charles Pinckney (3rd time)        (s.a.)               D-R
10 Dec 1808 - 10 Dec 1810  John Drayton (2nd time)            (s.a.)               D-R
10 Dec 1810 - 11 Dec 1812  Henry Middleton                    (b. 1770 - d. 1846)  D-R
11 Dec 1812 - 17 Dec 1814  Joseph Alston                      (b. 1779 - d. 1816)  D-R
17 Dec 1814 - 14 Dec 1816  David Rogerson Williams            (b. 1776 - d. 1830)  D-R
14 Dec 1816 - 14 Dec 1818  Andrew Pickens, Jr.                (b. 1779 - d. 1838)  D-R
14 Dec 1818 - 14 Dec 1820  John Geddes                        (b. 1777 - d. 1828)  D-R
14 Dec 1820 -  9 Dec 1822  Thomas Bennett, Jr.                (b. 1781 - d. 1865)  D-R
 9 Dec 1822 - 10 Dec 1824  John Lyde Wilson                   (b. 1784 - d. 1849)  D-R
10 Dec 1824 - 11 Dec 1826  Richard Irvine Manning             (b. 1789 - d. 1836)  D-R
11 Dec 1826 - 11 Dec 1828  John Taylor                        (b. 1770 - d. 1832)  D-R
11 Dec 1828 - 11 Dec 1830  Stephen Decatur Miller             (b. 1787 - d. 1838)  Dem
11 Dec 1830 - 11 Dec 1832  James Hamilton, Jr.                (b. 1786 - d. 1857)  Dem
11 Dec 1832 - 11 Dec 1834  Robert Young Hayne                 (b. 1791 - d. 1839)  Dem
11 Dec 1834 - 12 Dec 1836  George McDuffie                    (b. 1790 - d. 1851)  Dem
12 Dec 1836 - 10 Dec 1838  Pierce Mason Butler                (b. 1798 - d. 1847)  Dem
10 Dec 1838 -  7 Apr 1840  Patrick Noble                      (b. 1787 - d. 1840)  Dem
 7 Apr 1840 - 10 Dec 1840  Barnabas Kelet Henagan             (b. 1798 - d. 1855)  Dem
10 Dec 1840 - 10 Dec 1842  John Peter Richardson              (b. 1801 - d. 1864)  Dem
10 Dec 1842 - 10 Dec 1844  James Henry Hammond                (b. 1807 - d. 1864)  Dem
10 Dec 1844 - 10 Dec 1846  William Aiken, Jr.                 (b. 1806 - d. 1887)  Dem
10 Dec 1846 - 14 Dec 1848  David Johnson                      (b. 1782 - d. 1855)  Dem
14 Dec 1848 - 16 Dec 1850  Whitemarsh Benjamin Seabrook       (b. 1792 - d. 1855)  Dem
16 Dec 1850 - 13 Dec 1852  John Hugh Means                    (b. 1812 - d. 1862)  Dem
13 Dec 1852 - 13 Dec 1854  John Lawrence Manning              (b. 1816 - d. 1889)  Dem
13 Dec 1854 - 11 Dec 1856  James Hopkins Adams                (b. 1812 - d. 1861)  Dem
11 Dec 1856 - 13 Dec 1858  Robert Francis Withers Allston     (b. 1801 - d. 1864)  Dem
13 Dec 1858 - 17 Dec 1860  William Henry Gist                 (b. 1807 - d. 1874)  Dem
17 Dec 1860 - 18 Dec 1862  Francis Wilkinson Pickens          (b. 1805 - d. 1869)  Dem
18 Dec 1862 - 19 Dec 1864  Milledge Luke Bonham               (b. 1813 - d. 1890)  Dem
19 Dec 1864 - 22 May 1865  Andrew Gordon Magrath              (b. 1813 - d. 1893)  Dem
30 Jun 1865 - 29 Nov 1865  Benjamin Franklin Perry (acting)   (b. 1805 - d. 1886)  Dem
29 Nov 1865 -  6 Jul 1868  James Lawrence Orr                 (b. 1822 - d. 1883)  Con
 6 Jul 1868 -  9 Jul 1868  Edward Richard Sprigg Canby        (b. 1817 - d. 1873)  Mil
                             (acting) 
 9 Jul 1868 -  7 Dec 1872  Robert Kingston Scott              (b. 1826 - d. 1900)  Rep
 7 Dec 1872 -  1 Dec 1874  Franklin J. Moses, Jr.             (b. 1838 - d. 1906)  Rep
 1 Dec 1874 - 14 Dec 1876  Daniel Henry Chamberlain           (b. 1835 - d. 1907)  Rep
                             (continues in opposition to 10 Apr 1877)
14 Dec 1876 - 26 Feb 1879  Wade Hampton III                   (b. 1818 - d. 1902)  Dem
26 Feb 1879 -  1 Sep 1880  William Dunlap Simpson (acting)    (b. 1823 - d. 1890)  Dem
 1 Sep 1880 - 30 Nov 1880  Thomas Bothwell Jeter              (b. 1827 - d. 1883)  Dem
30 Nov 1880 -  1 Dec 1882  Johnson Hagood                     (b. 1829 - d. 1898)  Dem
 1 Dec 1882 - 10 Jul 1886  Hugh Smith Thompson                (b. 1836 - d. 1904)  Dem
10 Jul 1886 - 30 Nov 1886  John Calhoun Sheppard (acting)     (b. 1850 - d. 1931)  Dem
30 Nov 1886 -  4 Dec 1890  John Peter Richardson III          (b. 1831 - d. 1899)  Dem
 4 Dec 1890 -  4 Dec 1894  Benjamin Ryan Tillman              (b. 1847 - d. 1918)  Dem
 4 Dec 1894 - 18 Jan 1897  John Gary Evans                    (b. 1863 - d. 1942)  Dem
18 Jan 1897 -  2 Jun 1899  William Haselden Ellerbe           (b. 1862 - d. 1899)  Dem
 2 Jun 1899 - 20 Jan 1903  Miles Benjamin McSweeney           (b. 1855 - d. 1921)  Dem
20 Jan 1903 - 15 Jan 1907  Duncan Clinch Heyward              (b. 1864 - d. 1943)  Dem
15 Jan 1907 - 17 Jan 1911  Martin Frederick Ansel             (b. 1850 - d. 1945)  Dem
17 Jan 1911 - 14 Jan 1915  Coleman Livingston Blease          (b. 1868 - d. 1942)  Dem
14 Jan 1915 - 19 Jan 1915  Charles Aurelius Smith (acting)    (b. 1861 - d. 1916)  Dem
19 Jan 1915 - 21 Jan 1919  Richard Irvine Manning III         (b. 1859 - d. 1931)  Dem
21 Jan 1919 - 20 May 1922  Robert Archer Cooper               (b. 1874 - d. 1953)  Dem
20 May 1922 - 16 Jan 1923  Wilson Godfrey Harvey              (b. 1866 - d. 1932)  Dem
16 Jan 1923 - 18 Jan 1927  Thomas Gordon McLeod               (b. 1868 - d. 1932)  Dem
18 Jan 1927 - 20 Jan 1931  John Gardiner Richards             (b. 1864 - d. 1941)  Dem
20 Jan 1931 - 15 Jan 1935  Ibra Charles Blackwood             (b. 1878 - d. 1936)  Dem
15 Jan 1935 - 17 Jan 1939  Olin Dewitt Talmadge Johnston      (b. 1896 - d. 1965)  Dem
                             (1st time) 
17 Jan 1939 -  4 Nov 1941  Burnet Rhett Maybank               (b. 1899 - d. 1954)  Dem
 4 Nov 1941 - 27 Feb 1942  Joseph Emile Harley                (b. 1880 - d. 1942)  Dem
 2 Mar 1942 - 19 Jan 1943  Richard Manning Jefferies          (b. 1889 - d. 1964)  Dem
19 Jan 1943 -  2 Jan 1945  Olin Dewitt Talmadge Johnston      (s.a.)               Dem
                             (2nd time) 
 2 Jan 1945 - 21 Jan 1947  Ransome Judson Williams            (b. 1892 - d. 1970)  Dem
21 Jan 1947 - 16 Jan 1951  James Strom Thurmond               (b. 1902 - d. 2003)  Dem
16 Jan 1951 - 18 Jan 1955  James Francis Byrnes               (b. 1879 - d. 1972)  Dem
18 Jan 1955 - 20 Jan 1959  George Bell Timmerman, Jr.         (b. 1912 - d. 1994)  Dem
20 Jan 1959 - 15 Jan 1963  Ernest Frederick "Fritz" Hollings  (b. 1922 - d. 2019)  Dem
15 Jan 1963 - 22 Apr 1965  Donald Stuart Russell              (b. 1906 - d. 1998)  Dem
22 Apr 1965 - 19 Jan 1971  Robert Evander McNair              (b. 1923 - d. 2007)  Dem
19 Jan 1971 - 21 Jan 1975  John Carl West                     (b. 1922 - d. 2004)  Dem
21 Jan 1975 - 10 Jan 1979  James Burrows Edwards              (b. 1927 - d. 2014)  Rep
10 Jan 1979 - 14 Jan 1987  Richard Wilson Riley               (b. 1933)            Dem
14 Jan 1987 - 11 Jan 1995  Carroll Ashmore Campbell, Jr.      (b. 1940 - d. 2005)  Rep
11 Jan 1995 - 13 Jan 1999  David Muldrow Beasley              (b. 1957)            Rep
13 Jan 1999 - 15 Jan 2003  James "Jim" H. Hodges              (b. 1956)            Dem
15 Jan 2003 - 12 Jan 2011  Marshall "Mark" C. Sanford, Jr.    (b. 1960)            Rep
12 Jan 2011 - 24 Jan 2017  Nikki Randhawa Haley (f)           (b. 1972)            Rep
24 Jan 2017 -              Henry Dargan McMaster              (b. 1947)            Rep

U.S. Military governors during Reconstruction
 9 Feb 1865 - 17 Nov 1865  Quincy Adams Gillmore              (b. 1825 - d. 1888)  Mil
Nov 1865 - 26 Aug 1867     Daniel Edgar Sickles               (b. 1819 - d. 1914)  Mil
Aug 1867 - 15 Jul 1868     Edward Richard Sprigg Canby        (s.a.)               Mil

Charlesfort and Stuart's Town

May 1562 - Apr 1563        French settlement created in Port Royal Sound, at present-day Parris
                             Island, which is named Charlesfort, as part of the French colony
                             of "Carolana."
 Apr 1563                   Remains of the colony are abandoned.
1566 - 1570                Spanish Fort Santa Elena.
1570 - 1577                Abandoned.
1577 - 1587                Spanish Fort San Marcos.
Nov 1684                   Stuart's Town (south of Charles Towne) a Scottish colony.
17 Aug 1686                Colony destroyed by the Spanish.

French Governors of Charlesfort
May 1562 - 11 Jun 1562     Jean Ribault                       (b. 1520 - d. 1565)
11 Jun 1562 - Oct 1562     Albert de la Pierria               (d. 1562)
Oct 1562 - Apr 1563        Nicolas Barré                      (d. 1565)
 Scottish Governors of Stuart's Town
 Nov 1684 - 1685            Henry Erskine, Lord Cardross       (b. 1650 - d. 1693)
1685 - 17 Aug 1686         William Dunlop (acting)            (b. c.1654 – d. 1700) 


South Dakota
 
[Flag of State of South Dakota 1909-1963 (U.S.)]
1 Jul 1909 - 11 Mar 1963
 
[State of Flag of South Dakota (Obverse) 1909-1963 (U.S.)]
1 Jul 1909 - 11 Mar 1963 Obverse
 
[Flag of State of South Dakota 1963-1992 (U.S.)]
11 Mar 1963 - 1 Jul 1992
 
[Flag of State of South Dakota (U.S.)]
Adopted 1 Jul 1992

Map of South Dakota
Hear State Song
"Hail! South Dakota!"
Text of State Song
Adopted 5 Mar 1943
State Constitution
(2 Nov 1889)
 Capital: Pierre
(Yankton 2 Mar 1861-1883;
Bismarck 1883-2 Nov 1889)
Motto: Under God the
People Rule
Nicknames: Coyote State,
Sunshine State
Population: 886,667 (2020)
South Dakota
(from 1889)
Chronology

26 Mar 1804                Part of Orleans Territory.
 7 Dec 1812                Part of Missouri Territory.
15 Nov 1818                Red River valley ceded to U.S. by U.K.,
                             49th parallel is U.S.-Canada border.
10 Aug 1821                Unorganized territory.
 3 Jul 1838                Area east of Missouri River part of Iowa
                             Territory.
28 Dec 1846                Area east of the Missouri unorganized.
 3 Mar 1849                Area east of the Missouri part of Minnesota
                             Territory.
30 May 1854                Area west of the Missouri part of Nebraska
                             Territory.
11 May 1858                Area east of the Missouri unorganized.
 2 Mar 1861                Dakota Territory.
 2 Nov 1889                State of South Dakota
 Dakota Territory
(1861-1889)
Mayors of
Sioux Falls
Mount Rushmore
National Memorial
Map
 

Dakota 

Governors
27 May 1861 -  2 Nov 1863  William Jayne                      (b. 1826 - d. 1916)  Rep
 2 Nov 1863 -  5 Sep 1866  Newton Edmunds                     (b. 1819 - d. 1908)  Rep
 5 Sep 1866 - 10 May 1869  Andrew Jackson Faulk               (b. 1814 - d. 1898)  Rep
10 May 1869 -  1 Jan 1874  John Albyne Burbank                (b. 1827 - d. 1905)  Rep
 1 Jan 1874 - 13 Apr 1878  John Lee Pennington                (b. 1829 - d. 1900)  Rep
13 Apr 1878 - 10 Apr 1880  William Alanson Howard             (b. 1813 - d. 1880)  Rep
10 Apr 1880 - 24 Jun 1880  George H. Hand (acting)            (b. 1837 - d. 1891)  Rep 
24 Jun 1880 - 25 Jul 1884  Nehemiah George Ordway             (b. 1828 - d. 1907)  Rep
25 Jul 1884 - 17 Feb 1886  Gilbert Ashville Pierce            (b. 1841 - d. 1901)  Rep
17 Feb 1887 - 22 Mar 1889  Louis Kussuth Church               (b. 1846 - d. 1897)  Dem
22 Mar 1889 -  2 Nov 1889  Arthur Calvin Mellette             (b. 1842 - d. 1896)  Rep

South Dakota

Governors
 2 Nov 1889 -  3 Jan 1893  Arthur Calvin Mellette             (s.a.)               Rep
 3 Jan 1893 -  1 Jan 1897  Charles Henry Sheldon              (b. 1840 - d. 1898)  Rep
 1 Jan 1897 -  8 Jan 1901  Andrew Ericson Lee                 (b. 1847 - d. 1934)  Pop;1898 + Fus
 8 Jan 1901 -  3 Jan 1905  Charles Nelson Herreid             (b. 1857 - d. 1928)  Rep
 3 Jan 1905 -  9 Jan 1907  Samuel Harrison Elrod              (b. 1856 - d. 1935)  Rep
 8 Jan 1907 -  5 Jan 1909  Coe Isaac Crawford                 (b. 1858 - d. 1944)  Rep
 5 Jan 1909 -  7 Jan 1913  Robert Scadden Vessey              (b. 1858 - d. 1929)  Rep
 7 Jan 1913 -  2 Jan 1917  Frank Michael Byrne                (b. 1858 - d. 1927)  Rep
 2 Jan 1917 -  4 Jan 1921  Peter Norbeck                      (b. 1870 - d. 1936)  Rep
 4 Jan 1921 -  6 Jan 1925  William Henry McMaster             (b. 1877 - d. 1968)  Rep
 6 Jan 1925 -  4 Jan 1927  Carl Gunderson                     (b. 1864 - d. 1933)  Rep
 4 Jan 1927 -  6 Jan 1931  William John Bulow                 (b. 1869 - d. 1960)  Dem
 6 Jan 1931 -  3 Jan 1933  Warren Everett Green               (b. 1870 - d. 1945)  Rep
 3 Jan 1933 -  5 Jan 1937  Thomas Berry                       (b. 1879 - d. 1951)  Dem
 5 Jan 1937 -  3 Jan 1939  Leslie Jensen                      (b. 1892 - d. 1964)  Rep
 3 Jan 1939 -  5 Jan 1943  Harlan John Bushfield              (b. 1882 - d. 1948)  Rep
 5 Jan 1943 -  7 Jan 1947  Merrell Quentin Sharpe             (b. 1883 - d. 1962)  Rep
 7 Jan 1947 -  2 Jan 1951  George Theodore Mickelson          (b. 1903 - d. 1965)  Rep
 2 Jan 1951 -  4 Jan 1955  Sigurd Anderson                    (b. 1904 - d. 1990)  Rep
 4 Jan 1955 -  6 Jan 1959  Joe Jacob Foss                     (b. 1915 - d. 2003)  Rep
 6 Jan 1959 -  3 Jan 1961  Ralph E. Herseth                   (b. 1909 - d. 1969)  Dem
 3 Jan 1961 -  5 Jan 1965  Archie M. Gubbrud                  (b. 1910 - d. 1987)  Rep
 5 Jan 1965 -  7 Jan 1969  Nils Andreas Boe                   (b. 1913 - d. 1992)  Rep
 7 Jan 1969 -  5 Jan 1971  Frank Leroy Farrar                 (b. 1929 - d. 2021)  Rep
 5 Jan 1971 - 24 Jul 1978  Richard Kneip                      (b. 1933 - d. 1987)  Dem
24 Jul 1978 -  1 Jan 1979  Harvey L. Wollman                  (b. 1935 - d. 2022)  Dem
 1 Jan 1979 -  6 Jan 1987  William John Janklow (1st time)    (b. 1939 - d. 2012)  Rep
 6 Jan 1987 - 19 Apr 1993  George Speaker Mickelson           (b. 1941 - d. 1993)  Rep
20 Apr 1993 -  7 Jan 1995  Walter "Walt" D. Miller            (b. 1925 - d. 2015)  Rep
 7 Jan 1995 -  7 Jan 2003  William John Janklow (2nd time)    (s.a.)               Rep
 7 Jan 2003 -  8 Jan 2011  M. Michael "Mike" Rounds           (b. 1954)            Rep
 8 Jan 2011 -  5 Jan 2019  Dennis M. Daugaard                 (b. 1953)            Rep
 5 Jan 2019 -              Kristi L. Noem (f)                 (b. 1971)            Rep 

Southwest Territory: see Tennessee

Tennessee
 
[Tennessee secession flag proposal 1861]
25 Apr 1861 - 1863 Secession Proposal
[State of Tennessee flag 1897-1905 (U.S.)]
1 May 1897 - 17 Apr 1905
[Flag of State of Tennessee (U.S.)]
Adopted 17 Apr 1905
Map of Tennessee Hear State Song
"My Homeland, Tennessee"
Adopted 10 Apr 1925 		State Song
"When It's Iris Time in
 Tennessee"
Adopted 22 Apr 1935
 State Constitution
(26 Mar 1870)
State Song
"My Tennessee"
Adopted 1955		 Hear State Song
"Tennessee Waltz"
Adopted 1965		 Hear State Song
"Rocky Top"
Adopted 15 Feb 1982		 State Song
"Tennessee"
Adopted 1992
State Song
"The Pride of Tennessee"
Adopted 13 May 1996		 Bicentennial Rap
"A Tennessee Bicentennial
Rap: 1796-1996"
Adopted 1996
------------------------------------
State Song
"The Tennessee in Me”"
Adopted 25 Apr 2023
 State Song
"Smoky Mountain Rain"
Adopted 9 Jun 2010
------------------------------
State Song
"Copperhead Road"
Adopted 25 Apr 2023
 State Song
"Tennessee"
Adopted 23 May 2011
 Capital: Nashville
(Fort Watauga 1775-1776;
Knoxville 1792-1812 and
1815-17; Nashville 1812-1815;
Murfreesboro 1817-1843;
Memphis Feb-6 Jun 1862) 		Motto: Agriculture and
Commerce 		Nickname: Volunteer State Population: 6,910,840 (2020)
Mayors of
Memphis
Chronology

1775                       Watauga Association purchases land from the
                             Cherokee natives.
Apr 1775 - 22 Aug 1776     Washington District, "loyal to the United
                             Colonies", declared (not recognized by North
                             Carolina or the Continental Congress).
22 Aug 1776                Part of North Carolina, called the Washington
                              district, later county (confirmed Nov 1777).
 3 Sep 1783                Ceded to the United States by the U.K.
 2 Apr 1790                Cession of a territory south of the River Ohio by
                             the State of North Carolina is accepted by an act
                             passed by the Congress of the United States.
26 May 1790                Territory of the United States South of the
                             River Ohio (informally 'Southwest Territory').
28 Mar 1796                State of Tennessee
 1 Jun 1796                Admitted to the United States.
 6 May 1861                A Declaration of Independence and Ordinance
                             Dissolving the Federal Relations Between the
                             State of Tennessee and the U.S. are agreed to be
                             submitted to a referendum.
12 Jun 1861                Scott County voters reject secession. Later called
                             "Free and Independent State of Scott."
24 Jun 1861                Secession officially announced (Secession
                             Ordinance of 6 May 1861).
 2 Jul 1861                Accession to Confederate States of America.
25 Feb 1862                U.S. federal forces occupy Nashville, and Memphis on
                             6 Jun 1862, and Knoxville 1 Sep 1863.
25 Feb 1865                Secession Ordinance declared null and void.
24 Jul 1866                Re-admitted to United States.
 Mayors of
Nashville
State of Franklin
(1785-1788)
 
 
 

Chairman of the Committee of Safety of Washington District
Apr 1775 - Nov 1776        John Carter                        (b. 1737 - d. 1781)  Mil
Governors of Tennessee
20 Sep 1790 - 30 Mar 1796  William Blount                     (b. 1749 - d. 1800)  D-R
                             (arrived 10 Oct 1790)
30 Mar 1796 - 23 Sep 1801  John Sevier (1st time)             (b. 1745 - d. 1815)  D-R
23 Sep 1801 - 23 Sep 1803  Archibald Roane                    (b. 1760 - d. 1819)  D-R
23 Sep 1803 - 20 Sep 1809  John Sevier (2nd time)             (s.a.)               D-R
20 Sep 1809 - 27 Sep 1815  Willie Blount                      (b. 1768 - d. 1835)  D-R
27 Sep 1815 -  1 Oct 1821  Joseph McMinn                      (b. 1758 - d. 1824)  D-R
 1 Oct 1821 -  1 Oct 1827  William Carroll (1st time)         (b. 1788 - d. 1844)  D-R
 1 Oct 1827 - 16 Apr 1829  Samuel Houston                     (b. 1793 - d. 1863)  D-R
16 Apr 1829 -  1 Oct 1829  William Hall                       (b. 1775 - d. 1856)  Dem
 1 Oct 1829 - 12 Oct 1835  William Carroll (2nd time)         (s.a.)               Dem
12 Oct 1835 - 14 Oct 1839  Newton Cannon                      (b. 1781 - d. 1841)  Dem
14 Oct 1839 - 14 Oct 1841  James Knox Polk                    (b. 1795 - d. 1849)  Dem
14 Oct 1841 - 15 Oct 1845  James C. Jones                     (b. 1809 - d. 1859)  Whg
15 Oct 1845 - 16 Oct 1847  Aaron V. Brown                     (b. 1795 - d. 1859)  Dem
16 Oct 1847 - 16 Oct 1849  Neill Smith Brown                  (b. 1810 - d. 1886)  Whg
16 Oct 1849 - 16 Oct 1851  William Trousdale                  (b. 1790 - d. 1872)  Dem
16 Oct 1851 - 17 Oct 1853  William Bowen Campbell             (b. 1807 - d. 1867)  Whg
17 Oct 1853 -  3 Nov 1857  Andrew Johnson (1st time)          (b. 1808 - d. 1875)  Dem
 3 Nov 1857 - 25 Nov 1863  Isham Green Harris                 (b. 1818 - d. 1897)  Dem
                             (Confederate governor from 24 Jun 1861,
                             suspended 22 Feb 1862; in exile Ma 1862 - c.Nov 1864)
12 Mar 1862 -  4 Mar 1865  Andrew Johnson (2nd time)          (s.a.)               Dem
                             (U.S. military governor)
 4 Mar 1865 -  5 Apr 1865  Edward Hazzard East (acting)       (b. 1830 - d. 1904)  Uni
 5 Apr 1865 - 25 Feb 1869  William G. Brownlow                (b. 1805 - d. 1877)  Whg
25 Feb 1869 - 10 Oct 1871  DeWitt C. Senter                   (b. 1830 - d. 1898)  Rep
10 Oct 1871 - 18 Jan 1875  John C. Brown                      (b. 1827 - d. 1889)  Dem
18 Jan 1875 - 16 Feb 1879  James D. Porter                    (b. 1828 - d. 1912)  Dem
16 Feb 1879 - 17 Jan 1881  Albert S. Marks                    (b. 1836 - d. 1891)  Dem
17 Jan 1881 - 15 Jan 1883  Alvin Hawkins                      (b. 1821 - d. 1905)  Rep
15 Jan 1883 - 17 Jan 1887  William B. Bate                    (b. 1826 - d. 1905)  Dem
17 Jan 1887 - 19 Jan 1891  Robert L. Taylor (1st time)        (b. 1850 - d. 1912)  Dem
19 Jan 1891 - 16 Jan 1893  John P. Buchanan                   (b. 1847 - d. 1930)  Dem
16 Jan 1893 - 21 Jan 1897  Peter Turney                       (b. 1827 - d. 1903)  Dem
21 Jan 1897 - 16 Jan 1899  Robert L. Taylor (2nd time)        (s.a.)               Dem
16 Jan 1899 - 19 Jan 1903  Benton McMillin                    (b. 1845 - d. 1933)  Dem
19 Jan 1903 - 21 Mar 1905  James B. Frazier                   (b. 1856 - d. 1937)  Dem
21 Mar 1905 - 17 Jan 1907  John I. Cox                        (b. 1855 - d. 1946)  Dem
17 Jan 1907 - 26 Jan 1911  Malcolm R. Patterson               (b. 1861 - d. 1935)  Dem
26 Jan 1911 - 17 Jan 1915  Ben W. Hooper                      (b. 1870 - d. 1957)  Rep
17 Jan 1915 - 15 Jan 1919  Thomas C. Rye                      (b. 1863 - d. 1953)  Dem
15 Jan 1919 - 15 Jan 1921  Albert H. Roberts                  (b. 1868 - d. 1946)  Dem
15 Jan 1921 - 16 Jan 1923  Alfred A. Taylor                   (b. 1848 - d. 1931)  Rep
16 Jan 1923 -  2 Oct 1927  Austin Peay                        (b. 1876 - d. 1927)  Dem
 3 Oct 1927 - 17 Jan 1933  Henry H. Horton                    (b. 1866 - d. 1934)  Dem
17 Jan 1933 - 15 Jan 1937  Hill McAlister                     (b. 1875 - d. 1959)  Dem
15 Jan 1937 - 16 Jan 1939  Gordon Browning (1st time)         (b. 1889 - d. 1976)  Dem
16 Jan 1939 - 16 Jan 1945  Prentice Cooper                    (b. 1895 - d. 1969)  Dem
16 Jan 1945 - 17 Jan 1949  Jim Nance McCord                   (b. 1879 - d. 1968)  Dem
17 Jan 1949 - 15 Jan 1953  Gordon Browning (2nd time)         (s.a.)               Dem
15 Jan 1953 - 19 Jan 1959  Frank G. Clement (1st time)        (b. 1920 - d. 1969)  Dem
19 Jan 1959 - 15 Jan 1963  Buford Ellington (1st time)        (b. 1907 - d. 1972)  Dem
15 Jan 1963 - 16 Jan 1967  Frank G. Clement (2nd time)        (s.a.)               Dem
16 Jan 1967 - 16 Jan 1971  Buford Ellington (2nd time)        (s.a.)               Dem
16 Jan 1971 - 18 Jan 1975  Winfield Dunn                      (b. 1927 - d. 2024)  Rep
18 Jan 1975 - 17 Jan 1979  Leonard Ray Blanton                (b. 1930 - d. 1996)  Dem
17 Jan 1979 - 17 Jan 1987  Andrew Lamar Alexander             (b. 1940)            Rep
17 Jan 1987 - 21 Jan 1995  Ned Ray McWherter                  (b. 1930 - d. 2011)  Dem
21 Jan 1995 - 18 Jan 2003  Donald "Don" K. Sundquist          (b. 1936 - d. 2023)  Rep
18 Jan 2003 - 15 Jan 2011  Philip "Phil" N. Bredesen, Jr      (b. 1943)            Dem
15 Jan 2011 - 19 Jan 2019  William "Bill" E. Haslam           (b. 1958)            Rep
19 Jan 2019 -              William "Bill" B. Lee              (b. 1959)            Rep


U.S. Military Commander of the District of West Tennessee, Department of the Mississippi
14 Feb 1862 - 16 Oct 1862  Ulysses S. Grant                   (b. 1822 - d. 1885)  Mil
U.S. Military Commanders of the Department of Tennessee
16 Oct 1862 - 24 Oct 1863  Ulysses S. Grant                   (s.a.)               Mil
24 Oct 1863 - 26 Mar 1864  William Tecumseh Sherman           (b. 1820 - d. 1891)  Mil
26 Mar 1864 - 22 Jul 1864  James Birdseye McPherson           (b. 1828 - d. 1864)  Mil
22 Jul 1864 - 27 Jul 1864  John Alexander Logan (1st time)    (b. 1826 - d. 1886)  Mil
                             (temporary)
24 Jul 1864 - 19 May 1865  Oliver Otis Howard                 (b. 1830 - d. 1909)  Mil
19 May 1865 -  1 Aug 1865  John Alexander Logan (2nd time)    (s.a.)               Mil
U.S. Military Commander of the Union Military Division of the Tennessee
27 Jun 1865 - 24 Jul 1866  George Stoneman                    (b. 1822 - d. 1894)  Mil

Franklin

[U.S. 13 star flag 1777 (State of Franklin did not adopted a flag) ]
14 Dec 1784 - 1 Mar 1788 (U.S. Flag)
(State of Franklin did not adopt a Flag
 
State of Franklin Map
Capital: Greenville
(Jonesborough 1784-1785)
Population: 25,000 (1784 est.)

14 Dec 1784                State of Franklin (not recognized by U.S.).
 1 Mar 1788                Re-incorporated into North Carolina.
 2 Apr 1790                Part of Southwest Territory (from 1796, Tennessee).

Governor
 1 Mar 1785 -  1 Mar 1788  John Sevier                        (b. 1745 - d. 1815)  Mil


Texas
 
[Tejas revolt flag 1813 flag (Mexico)]
Apr - 18 Aug 1813 Autonomist Revolt Flag
 
[First Texas Lone Star flag, Long Republic of Texas Revolt, 1819 (Mexico)]
22 Jun - Oct 1819 Long Revolt Flag
 
[Fredonia Rebellion flag 1826-1827 (Texas, Mexico)]
21 Dec 1826 - 23 Jan 1827 Fredonia Flag
 
[Texas Privateer flag 1835-1845]
29 Nov 1835 - 10 Dec 1836 Privateer Flag
 
[National Standard of Republic of Texas 1836-1839]
10 Dec 1836 - 25 Jan 1839
[Texas National Flag for the Naval Service 1836-1839 (U.S.)]9 Apr 1836 - 25 Jan 1839 Naval Ensign
[Flag of State of Texas (U.S.)]
Adopted 25 Jan 1839

Map of Texas Hear State Songs
"Texas, Our Texas" 		Text of State Song
Adopted 23 May 1929/
30 Aug 1993 		State Constitution
(17 Feb 1876)
 Capital: Austin
(Monclova 1692-1723
and 9 Mar 1833-1836;
Los Adaes 1723-1772;
San Antonio de Béxar 1772-1824; Saltillo 1824 - 9 Mar 1833; Republic:
 San Felipe de Austin 7 Nov 1835 - 1 Mar 1836;
Washington-on-the-Brazos
1 Mar-Mar 1836, Sep 1842-Aug 1845; Harrisburg Mar-15 Apr 1836; Galveston 26 Apr-May 1836; Velasco May - 3 Oct 1836; Columbia 3 Oct 1836 - 19 Apr 1837;
Austin 17 Oct 1839 - 13 Mar 1842, from Aug 1845;
Houston 19 Apr 1837-17 Oct  1839, 13 Mar-Sep 1842) 		Motto: Friendship Nickname: Lone Star State Population: 29,145,505 (2020)
212,592 (1850)
38,470 (1836)
Texas Republic
 Government
(1835-1846)
Chronology

1682                       Spanish rule (as part of Coahuila), part of 
                             Nueva España (New Spain [see Mexico]).
Feb 1685 - Jan 1689        French establish Fort Saint Louis at 
                             Matagorda Bay.
23 Jan 1691                Province of Tejas (Provincia de Tejas).
 1693 - 1716                Texas unoccupied but included in Coahuila.
1716                       Area above the Medina River is called Nuevas
                              Filipinas (New Philippines) or Nuevo Reino de
                             Filipinas (New Kingdom of the Philippines).
1720                       Coahuila and Tejas given separate governments,
                              and from 1723 governors.
 17 Apr 1813 - 18 Aug 1813  Independence from Spain as part of Mexico declared
                              in rebellion under Bernardo Gutiérrez de Lara.
 22 Feb 1819                Adams­-Onís Treaty defines the border of Spanish
                              Tejas and U.S. Louisiana (effective 22 Feb
                              1821).
 22 Jun 1819 - 28 Oct 1819  "Republic of Texas" declared by James Long in
                              revolt at Nacogdoches.
 6 Apr 1820 -  8 Oct 1821  Second expedition by James Long briefly seizes
                             Presidio La Bahía (on 4 Oct 1821).
18 Jul 1821                Independence from Spain as part of Mexico
                             declared.
28 Sep 1821                Part of independent Mexico.
17 Nov 1821                Province of Texas (Provincia de Tejas).
  7 May 1824                Coahuila and Texas State (Estado de Coahuila y
                             Tejas)(confirmed 14 Oct 1824).
21 Dec 1826 - 23 Jan 1827  Republic of Fredonia declared independent from
                             Mexican Texas in revolt near Nacogdoches.
 2 Oct 1835 – 21 Apr 1836  Texas revolution.
  7 Nov 1835                Recognition of the authority of the federal
                             government of Mexico withdrawn in accordance
                              with a declaration passed by a Convention
                             held at San Felipe de Austin.
 15 Nov 1835                Texas ruled by a Provisional Government.
 2 Mar 1836                Declaration of independence is passed by the
                             Convention at Washington-on-the-Brazos
                             (Republic of Texas).
30 Dec 1836                Texas Department (Departamento de Texas)
                             declared by Mexico (no effect).
 12 Apr 1844                Treaty of Annexation between the United States and
                             the Republic of Texas signed.
13 Oct 1845                Texas voters approve annexation to U.S. 4,254
                             to 257.
29 Dec 1845                U.S. Act for the Admission of Texas as a stat
                             becomes effective.
16 Feb 1846                State of Texas 
 2 Feb 1848                Mexico claims to Texas ended by the Treaty
                              Guadeloupe Hidalgo.
 2 Mar 1861                Secession declared.
 5 Mar 1861                Accession decision of 2 Mar 1861 accepted by
                             Texas legislature, accession to Confederate
                             States of America.
  5 Oct 1862 -  1 Jan 1863  Galveston occupied by Union forces.
Nov 1863 - Jan 1864        Brownsville, Corpus Christi, and Rio Grande
                             City occupied by Union forces.
15 Mar 1866                Ordinance of Secession declared null and void.
 30 Mar 1870                Re-admitted to United States.
Mayors of
Austin
Mayors of
Dallas
Mayors of
El Paso
Mayors of
Fort Worth
Mayors of
Houston
Mayors of
San Antonio
Texas Historic
Maps 1835-1890
 

French Commanders at Fort St. Louis
Feb 1685 - Mar 1687        Rene Robert Cavelier, sieur de la  (b. 1643 - d. 1687)
                             Salle 
Mar 1687 - Jan 1689        Gabriel LeMinime, sieur de         (b. 1657 - d. 1689)
                             Barbier 
Governors of Texas
23 Jan 1691 -  5 Mar 1692  Domingo Terán de los Ríos
1692 - 26 Dec 1697         Gregorio de Salinas Barona         (b. c.1650 - d. af.1720)
                             (Varona)
28 Jun 1698 - 28 May 1703  Francisco Cuervo y Valdéz          (b. 1651 - d. 1714) 
28 May 1703 - 15 Jun 1705  Mathías de Aguirre
15 Jun 1705 - 30 Jan 1708  Martín de Alarcón (1st time)
30 Jan 1708 -  4 Jan 1714  Simón de Padilla y Córdova
 4 Jan 1714 - Jul 1714     Pedro Fermín de Echevers y Subiza  (b. 1663 - d. 1714)
Jul 1714 - 1716            Juan de Valdéz (1st time)
 7 Dec 1716 - 1719         Martín de Alarcón (2nd time)
16 Nov 1719 - 26 Oct 1722  José de Azlor y Virto de Vera,
                             marqués de San Miguél de Aguayo  (b. c.1677 - d. 1734)
1722 - 1723                Juan de Valdéz (2nd time)(interim)
1722 - 1727                Fernando Pérez de Almazan
1727 - 1731                Melchor de Mediavilla y Azcona 
1731 - 1734                Juan Antonio Bustillos y Ceballos  (b. c.1690 - d. 17..)
                             (Zevallos)
1734 - 1736                Manuel de Sandoval
26 Sep 1736 - Sep 1737     Carlos Benites Franquis de Lugo    (b. 1691 - d. 17..)
1737 - 1738                José Antonio Fernández de Jáuregui (b. 1703 - d. 1772)
                             Urrutia
                             (governor extraordinary and visitador)
1738 - 1741                Prudencio de Orobio de Basterra
                             (Vasterra)(interim)
1741 - 1743                Tomás Felipe de Winthuisen
17 Dec 1743 - Sep 1744     Justo Boneo y Morales              (d. 1744)
Sep 1744 - 1748            Francisco García Larios (interim)
 3 Jun 1748 - 1750         Pedro del Barrio Junco y Espriella (b. 1682 - d. 17..)
1751 - 1759                Jacinto de Barríos Leal y Jáuregui (b. c.1702 - d. ....)
 6 Feb 1759 - 28 Aug 1767  Ángel Martos y Navarrete 
28 Aug 1767 - 1770         Hugo Oconór Cunco y Fali (interim) (b. 1732 - d. 1779)
 4 Feb 1770 - 1778         Juan María Vicencio, barón         (b. 1725 - d. 1780)
                             de Ripperdá 
29 Oct 1778 -  3 Dec 1786  Domingo Cabello y Robles           (b. c.1725 - d. 1801)
 5 Dec 1786 - 18 Oct 1790  Rafael Martínez Pacheco
1790 - 27 Jul 1799         Manuel Muñoz                       (b. 1730 - d. 1799)
1798 - 1799                José Irigoyen (did not take office)
27 Jul 1799 -  5 Oct 1805  Juan Bautista Elguézabal           (b. 1741 - d. 1805)
1805 -  7 Nov 1808         Manuel Antonio Cordero y
                             Bustamante                       (b. 1753 - d. 1823)
 7 Nov 1808 - 22 Jan 1811  Manuel María de Salcedo (1st time) (b. 1776 - d. 1813)
                             (prisoner 22 Jan - Mar 1811)
22 Jan 1811 -  2 Mar 1811  Juan Bautista de las Casas         (b. 17.. - d. 1811)
                             (interim, in rebellion)
 1 Mar 1811 - Jul 1811     Juan Manuel Zambrano (acting)      (b. 1772 - d. 1824)
Jul 1811 - Dec 1811        Simon de Herrera y Leyva (interim) (b. 1754 - d. 1813)
Dec 1811 -  3 Apr 1813     Manuel María de Salcedo (2nd time) (s.a.)
 3 Apr 1813 - 18 Aug 1813  José Bernardo Gutiérrez de Lara    (b. 1774 - d. 1841)
                             (governor, in rebellion)
1813 - Oct 1814            Cristóbal Domínguez (interim)      (b. 17.. - d. 1814)
1814 - 1815                Benito de Armiñán (interim)        (b. c.1780 - d. 18..)
1815 - 1816                Mariano Varela (interim)
27 Jul 1816 - 20 Mar 1817  Juan Ignacio Pérez (interim)       (b. 1761 - d. 1823)
20 Mar 1817 - 27 May 1817  Manuel Pardo (interim)             (b. 1774 - d. 18..)
27 May 1817 - 17 Aug 1822  Antonio María Martínez             (b. 17.. - d. 1823)
22 Jun 1819 - 28 Oct 1819  James Long (1st time)              (b. 1793 - d. 1821) 
                            (chairman of Supreme Council of Republic of Texas,
                             at Nacogdoches; in rebellion)
 6 Apr 1820 -  8 Oct 1821  James Long (2nd time)              (s.a.)
                            (chairman of Supreme Council of Republic of Texas,
                             at Bolivar Peninsula; in rebellion)
Jefe Politicos (chief politicians)
17 Aug 1822 - 17 Apr 1823  José Félix Trespalacios            (b. 1781 - d. 1835)
 8 Jul 1823 -  7 May 1824  Luciano García
Governors
 7 May 1824 - 15 Mar 1826  Rafael Gonzáles                    (b. 1789 - d. 1857)
30 May 1826 - 29 Jan 1827  Víctor Blanco de Rivera (1st time) (b. 1785 - d. 18..)
29 Jan 1827 -  1 Aug 1827  José Ignacio de Arizpe             (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
21 Dec 1826 - 23 Jan 1827  Haden Edwards                      (b. 1771 - d. 1849)
                            (president of Republic of Fredonia,
                             at Nacogdoches; in rebellion)
 1 Aug 1827 - 17 Aug 1827  José María Viesca y Montes         (b. 1787 - d. 1856)
                             (1st time)
17 Aug 1827 - 14 Sep 1827  Víctor Blanco de Rivera (2nd time) (s.a.)  
14 Sep 1827 -  1 Oct 1830  José María Viesca y Montes         (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
 1 Oct 1830 -  5 Jan 1831  José Rafael Eça y Múzquiz (2nd time)
 5 Jan 1831 -  5 Apr 1831  José María Viesca y Montes         (s.a.)
                             (3rd time) 
 5 Apr 1831 - 28 Apr 1831  José María de Letona (1st time)    (b. 1799 - d. 1832)
28 Apr 1831 - 10 May 1831  José Rafael Eça y Múzquiz (3rd time)
10 May 1831 - 28 Sep 1832  José María de Letona (2nd time)    (s.a.)
28 Sep 1832 - 23 Dec 1832  José Rafael Eça y Múzquiz (4th time)
24 Dec 1832 -  7 Sep 1833  Juan Martín de Veramendi           (b. 1778 - d. 1833)
 8 Sep 1833 -  7 Jan 1834  Vacant  
 8 Jan 1834 - 23 Jul 1834  Juan José de Vidaurri y Villaseñor (b. 1780 - d. 18..)
10 Jul 1834 - 12 Mar 1835  José María Goribar (interim)       (b. 1805 - d. 18..)
                             (in Saltillo, in dissidence)
23 Jul 1834 - 12 Mar 1835  Juan José Elguézabal               (b. 1781 - d. 1840)
                             (in Montclava)
12 Mar 1835 - 20 Mar 1835  José María Cantú (interim)
20 Mar 1835 - 15 Apr 1835  Marcial Borrego (interim)
15 Apr 1835 -  6 Jun 1835  Agustín Viesca y Montes            (b. 1790 - d. 1845)
28 Jun 1835 - 1835         Ramón Músquiz                      (b. 1797 - d. 1867)
                             (did not take office)
 6 Jun 1835 - 17 Jul 1835  Vacant
18 Jul 1835 - 13 Aug 1835  José Miguel Falcón
13 Aug 1835 - 15 Aug 1835  Bartolomé de Cárdenas (substitute)
15 Aug 1835 - 12 Nov 1835  José Rafael Eça y Múzquiz (5th time)
                             (continues in dissidence to 11 Mar 1837)
20 Sep 1835 - 11 Dec 1835  Martín Perfecto de Cos (1st time)  (b. 1800 - d. 1854)
                             (military governor)
12 Nov 1835 -  1 Mar 1836  Henry Smith                        (b. 1788 - d. 1851)
                             (suspended from 11 Jan 1836, continues in opposition)
Jan 1836 - 24 Apr 1836     Martín Perfecto de Cos (2nd time)  (s.a.)
                             (military governor)
Governor of the Provisional Government
11 Jan 1836 -  1 Mar 1836  James W. Robinson (acting)         (b. 1790 - d. 1857)
President of the Convention
 2 Mar 1836 - 17 Mar 1836  Richard Ellis                      (b. 1781 - d. 1846)
Presidents of the Republic of Texas
17 Mar 1836 - 22 Oct 1836  David Gouverneur Burnet            (b. 1788 - d. 1870)
22 Oct 1836 - 10 Dec 1838  Samuel "Sam" Houston (1st time)    (b. 1793 - d. 1863)
10 Dec 1838 - 13 Dec 1841  Mirabeau Buonaparte Lamar          (b. 1798 - d. 1859)
13 Dec 1841 -  9 Dec 1844  Samuel "Sam" Houston (2nd time)    (s.a.)
 9 Dec 1844 - 19 Feb 1846  Anson Jones                        (b. 1798 - d. 1858)
Governors
19 Feb 1846 - 21 Dec 1847  James Pinckney Henderson           (b. 1808 - d. 1858)  Dem
19 May 1846 - 13 Nov 1846  Albert Clinton Horton              (b. 1798 – d. 1865)  Dem
                             (acting for absent Henderson)
21 Dec 1847 - 21 Dec 1849  George Tyler Wood                  (b. 1795 - d. 1858)  Dem
21 Dec 1849 - 23 Nov 1853  Peter Hansbrough Bell              (b. 1810 - d. 1898)  Dem
23 Nov 1853 - 21 Dec 1853  James Wilson Henderson             (b. 1817 - d. 1880)  Dem
21 Dec 1853 - 21 Dec 1857  Elisha Marshall Pease (1st time)   (b. 1812 - d. 1883)  Dem
21 Dec 1857 - 21 Dec 1859  Hardin Richard Runnels             (b. 1820 - d. 1873)  Dem
21 Dec 1859 - 16 Mar 1861  Samuel "Sam" Houston               (s.a.)               Uni
16 Mar 1861 -  7 Nov 1861  Edward Clark                       (b. 1815 - d. 1880)  Dem
 7 Nov 1861 -  5 Nov 1863  Francis Richard Lubbock            (b. 1815 - d. 1905)  Dem
 5 Nov 1863 - 12 Jun 1865  Pendleton Murrah                   (b. 1824 - d. 1865)  Dem
                             (leaves seat of government 12 Jun 1865;
                             in Mexico exile af.22 Jun 1865 - 4 Aug 1865)
12 Jun 1865 - 16 Jun 1865  Fletcher S. Stockdale (acting)     (b.c.1823 - d. 1890) Dem 
14 Nov 1862 -  9 Aug 1866  Andrew Jackson Hamilton            (b. 1815 - d. 1875) Mil;1865 Con
                             (U.S. military governor to 17 Jun 1865, then provisional;
                             in New Orleans to Jul 1865)
 9 Aug 1866 -  8 Aug 1867  James Webb Throckmorton            (b. 1825 - d. 1894)  Con
 8 Aug 1867 - 30 Sep 1869  Elisha Marshall Pease (2nd time)   (s.a.)               Rep
30 Sep 1869 -  8 Jan 1870  Vacant
 8 Jan 1870 - 15 Jan 1874  Edmund Jackson Davis               (b. 1827 - d. 1883)  Rep
15 Jan 1874 -  1 Dec 1876  Richard Coke                       (b. 1829 - d. 1897)  Dem
 1 Dec 1876 - 21 Jan 1879  Richard Bennett Hubbard            (b. 1832 - d. 1901)  Dem
21 Jan 1879 - 16 Jan 1883  Oran Milo Roberts                  (b. 1815 - d. 1898)  Dem
16 Jan 1883 - 18 Jan 1887  John Ireland                       (b. 1827 - d. 1896)  Dem
18 Jan 1887 - 20 Jan 1891  Lawrence Sullivan Ross             (b. 1838 - d. 1898)  Dem
20 Jan 1891 - 15 Jan 1895  James Stephen Hogg                 (b. 1851 - d. 1906)  Dem
15 Jan 1895 - 17 Jan 1899  Charles Allen Culberson            (b. 1855 - d. 1925)  Dem
17 Jan 1899 - 20 Jan 1903  Joseph Draper Sayers               (b. 1841 - d. 1929)  Dem
20 Jan 1903 - 15 Jan 1907  Samuel Willis Tucker Lanham        (b. 1846 - d. 1908)  Dem
15 Jan 1907 - 17 Jan 1911  Thomas Mitchell Campbell           (b. 1857 - d. 1923)  Dem
17 Jan 1911 - 19 Jan 1915  Oscar Branch Colquitt              (b. 1861 - d. 1940)  Dem
19 Jan 1915 - 25 Sep 1917  James Edward Ferguson, Jr.         (b. 1871 - d. 1944)  Dem
25 Aug 1917 - 18 Jan 1921  William Pettus Hobby               (b. 1878 - d. 1964)  Dem
                             (acting for impeached Ferguson to 25 Sep 1917)
18 Jan 1921 - 20 Jan 1925  Patrick Morris Neff                (b. 1871 - d. 1952)  Dem
20 Jan 1925 - 17 Jan 1927  Miriam A. Wallace Ferguson (f)     (b. 1875 - d. 1961)  Dem
                             (1st time)
17 Jan 1927 - 20 Jan 1931  Daniel James Moody, Jr.            (b. 1893 - d. 1966)  Dem
20 Jan 1931 - 17 Jan 1933  Ross Shaw Sterling                 (b. 1875 - d. 1949)  Dem
17 Jan 1933 - 15 Jan 1935  Miriam A. Wallace Ferguson (f)     (s.a.)               Dem
                             (2nd time)
15 Jan 1935 - 17 Jan 1939  James Burr V. Allred               (b. 1899 - d. 1959)  Dem
17 Jan 1939 -  4 Aug 1941  Wilbert Lee O'Daniel               (b. 1890 - d. 1969)  Dem
 4 Aug 1941 - 21 Jan 1947  Coke Robert Stevenson              (b. 1888 - d. 1975)  Dem
21 Jan 1947 - 11 Jul 1949  Beauford Halbert Jester            (b. 1893 - d. 1949)  Dem
11 Jul 1949 - 15 Jan 1957  Robert Allan Shivers               (b. 1907 - d. 1985)  Dem
15 Jan 1957 - 15 Jan 1963  Marion Price Daniel                (b. 1910 - d. 1988)  Dem
15 Jan 1963 - 21 Jan 1969  John Bowden Connally, Jr.          (b. 1917 - d. 1993)  Dem
22 Nov 1963 -  5 Dec 1963  Preston Earnest Smith              (b. 1912 - d. 2003)  Dem
                             (acting for Connally)
21 Jan 1969 - 16 Jan 1973  Preston Earnest Smith              (s.a.)               Dem
16 Jan 1973 - 16 Jan 1979  Dolph Briscoe, Jr.                 (b. 1923 - d. 2010)  Dem
16 Jan 1979 - 18 Jan 1983  William Perry Clements (1st time)  (b. 1917 - d. 2011)  Rep
18 Jan 1983 - 20 Jan 1987  Mark Wells White, Jr.              (b. 1940 - d. 2017)  Dem
20 Jan 1987 - 15 Jan 1991  William Perry Clements (2nd time)  (s.a.)               Rep
15 Jan 1991 - 17 Jan 1995  Ann Willis Richards (f)            (b. 1933 - d. 2006)  Dem
17 Jan 1995 - 21 Dec 2000  George Walker Bush                 (b. 1946)            Rep
21 Dec 2000 - 20 Jan 2015  James Richard "Rick" Perry         (b. 1950)            Rep
20 Jan 2015 -              Gregory "Greg" Abbott              (b. 1957)            Rep


U.S. Military governors during Reconstruction
 14 Nov 1862 - 17 Jun 1865  Andrew Jackson Hamilton            (s.a.)               Mil
19 Jun 1865 -  6 Aug 1865  Gordon Granger                     (b. 1822 - d. 1876)  Mil
 6 Aug 1865 - Aug 1866     Horatio Gouverneur Wright          (b. 1820 - d. 1899)  Mil
Dec 1866 - 15 Sep 1867     Charles Griffin                    (b. 1825 - d. 1867)  Mil
28 Jul 1868 - 22 Dec 1868  Joseph Jones Reynolds (1st time)   (b. 1822 - d. 1899)  Mil
22 Dec 1868 -  5 Mar 1869  Edward Richard Sprigg Canby        (b. 1817 - d. 1873)  Mil
1869 -  3 Mar 1870         Joseph Jones Reynolds (2nd time)   (s.a.)               Mil


Utah

[Deseret National Flag 1851 (reconstruction)(Utah)]
1851 Deseret National Flag
(in use to 1860)
[Territory Flag of Utah (reported) (U.S.)]
Territory Flag
[Flag of State of Utah 1903-1913 (U.S.)]
25 Apr 1903 - 11 Mar 1913
(unofficial to 9 Mar 1911)
[Flag of State of Utah, 1913-2011 (U.S.)]
11 Mar 1913 - 9 Mar 2011
[Flag of State of Utah 2011-2024, from 2024 historic state flag (U.S.)] (U.S.)]
9 Mar 2011 - 9 Mar 2024,
Historic Flag from 9 Mar 2024
[Flag of State of Utah (U.S.)]
Adopted 9 Mar 2024

Map of Utah
Hear State Song
"Utah, This is the Place"
Adopted 15 Mar 2003
Former State Song
"Utah, We Love Thee"
(10 Feb 1917-15 Mar 2003)
State Constitution
(4 Jan 1896)
------------------------------------
Deseret Draft Constitution
(1849)
 Capital: Salt Lake City
(Fillmore 4 Oct 1851-1856;
Great Salt Lake City
9 Sep 1851-4 Oct 1851 &
1856-1858; Parowan
[in rebellion] 1858-1859)
Motto: Industry
Nicknames: Beehive State,
Mormon State
Population: 3,271,616 (2020)
Mayors of
Salt Lake City
Chronology

1821                       Part of Mexico.
24 Jul 1847                Mormons (from Jun 1852, Church of Jesus Christ
                             of the Later-day Saints) settle in the Salt
                             Lake Valley Basin.
  2 Feb 1848                Part of Mexican cession (effective 30 May 1848).
10 Mar 1849 - 28 Mar 1851  Provisional State of Deseret (claiming present-day
                             Utah, Nevada, large portions of California, and
                             Arizona, and parts of Colorado, New Mexico,
                             Wyoming, Idaho, and Oregon), not recognized by
                             the federal government (a joint resolution of
                             the legislature on 28 Mar 1851 brought the state
                             of Deseret to a formal end).
  9 Sep 1850                Territory of Utah
 4 Jan 1896                State
 Church of
Latter-day Saints
 
 
 
 
 

President of the Church of Jesus Christ of the Later-day Saints
24 Jul 1847 - 12 Mar 1849  Brigham Young                      (b. 1801 - d. 1877)  Non-party
                            (president of the Quorum of the Twelve to 5 Dec 1847;
                             continues in post to 29 Aug 1877)
Governor of Deseret
12 Mar 1849 -  3 Feb 1851  Brigham Young                      (s.a.)               Non-party
                            (not federally recognized; "shadow governor" Jan 1862 - Jan 1870)
Governors of Utah
 3 Feb 1851 -  2 Feb 1858  Brigham Young                      (s.a.)               Non-party
 2 Feb 1858 - 17 May 1861  Alfred Cumming                     (b. 1802 - d. 1873)  Dem
18 May 1861 - 10 Sep 1861  Francis Hall Wooten (acting)       (b. 1822 - d. 1863)  Dem
11 Sep 1861 -  7 Dec 1861  Frank Fuller (1st time)(acting)    (b. 1827 - d. 1915)  Rep
 7 Dec 1861 - 31 Dec 1861  John W. Dawson                     (b. 1820 - d. 1877)  Rep
31 Dec 1861 -  7 Jul 1862  Frank Fuller (2nd time)(acting)    (s.a.)               Rep
 7 Jul 1862 - 11 Jun 1863  Stephen Selwyn Harding             (b. 1808 - d. 1891)  Rep
11 Jun 1863 - 13 Jun 1865  James Duane Doty                   (b. 1799 - d. 1865)  Rep
13 Jun 1865 -  2 Oct 1865  Amos Reed (acting)                 (b. 1824 - d. 1887)  Rep
 3 Oct 1865 -  9 Jan 1869  Charles Durkee                     (b. 1805 - d. 1870)  Rep
 9 Jan 1869 - 20 May 1869  Edwin P. Higgins (acting)          (b. 1844 - d. 1906)  Rep
20 May 1869 - 29 Mar 1870  Stephen Allison Mann (acting)      (b. 1834 - d. 1881)  Rep
29 Mar 1870 - 31 Oct 1870  John Wilson Shaffer                (b. 1827 - d. 1870)  Rep
31 Oct 1870 - 10 Mar 1871  Vernon H. Vaughan                  (b. 1838 - d. 1878)  Rep
                             (acting to 1 Nov 1870)
10 Mar 1871 - 28 Dec 1874  George Lemuel Woods                (b. 1832 - d. 1890)  Rep
28 Dec 1874 -  2 Feb 1875  George A. Black (acting)           (b. 1841 - d. 1914)  Rep
 2 Feb 1875 -  8 Jun 1875  Samuel Beach Axtell                (b. 1819 - d. 1891)  Rep
 8 Jun 1875 - 28 Jan 1880  George W. Emery                    (b. 1830 - d. 1909)  Rep
28 Jan 1880 - 28 Feb 1880  Arthur Lloyd Thomas (1st time)     (b. 1851 - d. 1924)  Rep
                             (acting)
28 Feb 1880 - 16 Mar 1886  Eli Houston Murray                 (b. 1843 - d. 1896)  Rep
16 Mar 1886 -  6 May 1886  Arthur Lloyd Thomas (2nd time)     (s.a.)               Rep
                             (acting)
 6 May 1886 -  6 May 1889  Caleb Walton West (1st time)       (b. 1844 - d. 1909)  Dem
 6 May 1889 -  7 Apr 1893  Arthur Lloyd Thomas (3rd time)     (s.a.)               Rep
 7 Apr 1893 -  4 Jan 1896  Caleb Walton West (2nd time)       (s.a.)               Dem
 6 Jan 1896 -  2 Jan 1905  Heber Manning Wells                (b. 1859 - d. 1938)  Rep
 2 Jan 1905 -  4 Jan 1909  John Christopher Cutler            (b. 1846 - d. 1928)  Rep
 4 Jan 1909 -  1 Jan 1917  William Spry                       (b. 1864 - d. 1929)  Rep
 1 Jan 1917 -  3 Jan 1921  Simon Bamberger                    (b. 1847 - d. 1926)  Dem
 3 Jan 1921 -  5 Jan 1925  Charles Rendell Mabey              (b. 1877 - d. 1959)  Rep
 5 Jan 1925 -  2 Jan 1933  George Henry Dern                  (b. 1872 - d. 1936)  Dem
 2 Jan 1933 -  6 Jan 1941  Henry Hooper Blood                 (b. 1872 - d. 1942)  Dem
 6 Jan 1941 -  3 Jan 1949  Herbert Brown Maw                  (b. 1893 - d. 1990)  Dem
 3 Jan 1949 -  7 Jan 1957  Joseph Bracken Lee                 (b. 1899 - d. 1996)  Rep
 7 Jan 1957 -  4 Jan 1965  George Dewey Clyde                 (b. 1898 - d. 1972)  Rep
 4 Jan 1965 -  3 Jan 1977  Calvin Lewellyn Rampton            (b. 1913 - d. 2007)  Dem
 3 Jan 1977 -  7 Jan 1985  Scott Milne Matheson               (b. 1929 - d. 1990)  Dem
 7 Jan 1985 -  4 Jan 1993  Norman Howard Bangerter            (b. 1933 - d. 2015)  Rep
 4 Jan 1993 -  5 Nov 2003  Michael "Mike" Okerlund Leavitt    (b. 1951)            Rep
 5 Nov 2003 -  3 Jan 2005  Olene Smith Walker (f)             (b. 1930 - d. 2015)  Rep
 3 Jan 2005 - 11 Aug 2009  Jon Huntsman, Jr.                  (b. 1960)            Rep
11 Aug 2009 -  4 Jan 2021  Gary Richard Herbert               (b. 1947)            Rep
 4 Jan 2021 -              Spencer James Cox                  (b. 1975)            Rep






© Ben Cahoon