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Provinces of The Netherlands

Provinces: Drenthe - Flevoland - Friesland/Fryslân - Gelderland - Groningen - Limburg - Noord-Brabant - Noord-Holland - Overijssel - Utrecht - Zeeland - Zuid-Holland - Former Generality Lands: - Brabant of the States - Flanders of the States - Guelders of the States - Limburg of the States (Staats Overmaas and Maastricht) - Westerwolde and Wedde - Former Province of Spanish/Austrian Netherlands: Upper Guelders - Former Protected Possessions of Princes of Orange: Ameland - Breda - Buren and Leerdam - Culemborg - Cuyk - IJsselstein - Former Protected Possessions of Foreign Princes: Bergen-op-Zoom - Vianen

Party abbreviations: CDA = Christen-Democratisch Appèl (Christian Democratic Appeal, christian-democratic, center-right, est.11 Oct 1980 by merger of KVP, ARP, & CHU); CU = ChristenUnie (Christian Union, christian social, christian democratic, merger of and Gereformeerd Politiek Verbond [Reformed Political Association], and Reformatorische Politieke Federatie [Reformed Political Federation], est.22 Jan 2000); GL = GroenLinks (Green Left, ecologist and socialist, former PPR, est.1990); D66 = Democraten 1966 (formerly Democrats '66, social-liberal, est.1966); GL = Groenlinks (Green Left, ecologist, socialist, union of Communist Party of the Netherlands, Evangelical People's Party, Political Party of Radicals and Pacifistic Socialist Party, est.1991); Ind = Onafhankelijk (Independent, non-affiliated); PvdA = Partij van de Arbeid (Labor Party, social-democratic, center-left, est.9 Feb 1946 by merger of SDAP, LSP, VDB & Christelijk Democratische Unie [CDU]); PVV = Partij voor de Vrijheid (Party for Freedom, Dutch nationalist, anti-immigration, Eurosceptic, split from VVD, est.22 Feb 2006); SP = Socialistische Partij (Socialist Party, socialist, Eurosceptic, est.22 Oct 1972); VVD = Volkspartij voor Vrijheid en Democratie (People's Party for Freedom and Democracy, conservative 'liberal', center-right, est.24 Jan 1948); Mil = Military;
- Former parties: AB = Algemeene Bond van Roomsch-Katholieke Kiesverenigingen (General General League of Roman Catholic Caucuses, confessionalist [catholic], 1904-26, merged into RKSP); ARP Anti-Revolutionaire Partij (Anti-Revolutionary Party, confessionalist [protestant], 1879-1980, merged into CDA); CHPChristelijk-Historische Partij (Christian Historical Party, predecessor of CHU, 1903-1908); CHU Christelijk-Historische Unie (Christian Historical Union, 1908-1980, merged into CDA); ConConservatief (Conservative); Con-Lib = Conservatief- Liberaal (Conservative-Liberal); Dem = Democratisch Unitariër (Democratic Unitarian, 1798-1810); Fed = Federalist (supported federal state, 1795-98); KVP = Katholieke Volkspartij (Catholic People's Party, confessionalist [catholic], 1945-80, merged into CDA)Lib = Liberaal (Liberal); LSPLiberale Staatspartij "De Vrijheidsbond" (Liberal State Party "Freedom League", liberal, 1921-46, later PvdV); LU = Liberale Unie (Liberal Union, liberal, 1885-1921); Mod = Moderaat (Moderate, in between Org and Pat/Uni, 1795-98); NSB = Nationaal Socialistische Beweging (National Socialist Movement, Dutch fascist party, pro-Nazi-German, 1931-45); NSDAP = Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei (National Socialist German Worker's Party, Nazi fascist, 1920-1945); PvdV = Partij van de Vrijheid (Freedom Party, liberal, 1946-48, merged into VVD); Org = Orangist (royalist, pro-House of Orange); Pat = Patriot (republican, pro-provincial autonomy, trade-oriented policies, anti-Org., to 1796); PPR = Politieke Partij Radikalen (Radical Political Party, progressive/green, 1968-91, then GL); Rad = Radikaal Unitariër (Radical Unitarian, 1798-1810); RKSP = Rooms-Katholieke Staatspartij (Roman Catholic States Party, confessionalist [catholic], 1926-45, from 1945 KVP); SDAP = Sociaal-Democratische Arbeiderspartij (Social Democratic Worker's Party, socialist, 1894-1946, merged into PvdA); Stat = Staatsen (Stateist, republican, anti-Org., predecessor of Pat); Uni = Unitariër (Unitarian, supported pro-unitary state, 1798-1810); VARVrije-Antirevolutionaire Partij (Free Anti-Revolutionary Party, predecessor of the CHP, 1898-1903); VDB = Radicale Partij/Vrijzinnig Democratische Bond (Radical Party/Free Democratic League, liberal, 1901-46, merged into PvdA).

Note: In 1648, sovereignty of the United Netherlands was recognized, and to 1795 the United Netherlands were a confederation of sovereign provinces (by official order of precedence: Gelderland, Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht, Friesland, Overijssel, Stad en Lande [Groningen]), plus the protected province of Drenthe not represented in federal institutions. The provincial authority was exercised by the provincial assemblies (Estates, usually mistranslated as States) with elected (from 1747 hereditary) Stadholders as chief executives. Second only to the Stadholders were the chief officers of the provincial Estates, such as Pensionaries in Holland and Zeeland.

Noble titles: baron = baron; burggraaf/burggravin = viscount/viscountess; graaf/gravin = count/countess; heer/vrouwe = lord/lady, master; hertog/hertogin = duke/duchess; jonkheer/jonkvrouw = esquire, squire; koning/koningin = king/queen; markies/markiezin = margrave/margravine; prins/prinses = prince/princess; ridder = knight; stadhouder/stadhoudster = stadholder, steward; vrijheer/vrijvrouwe = allodial (free) lord/lady.

Ecclesiastic titles: abt/abdis = abbot/abbess; prins-bisschop = prince-bishop; proost = provost; vorst-abt/vorstin-abdis = prince-abbot/princess-abbess.


Bonaire Public Body (Openbaar Lichaam)(from 2010): see Bonaire


Drenthe

[Provincial flag of
                        Drenthe (Netherlands)]
Adopted 19 Feb 1947

Capital: Coevorden
Population: 39,000 (1795)
Religions: Dutch Reformed 97%, other 3% (1809)

.... - ....                Part of Hamaland (Gelderland).
10.. - 22 May 1046         Part of Duchy of Lower Lorraine (Niederlothringen).
 3 Jan 1024                Comitatum de Trente (County of Drenthe).
22 May 1046                Part of Utrecht.
1262 - 1395                Semi-autonomous as Communis terra Threntia (from 1291, Communitas
                             terre; then from 1313, Universitas terre).

1522 - 1536                Part of Gelderland.
1529                       Landschap van Drenthe.
1536 - 25 Oct 1555         Burgundian rule (part of Groningen).
25 Oct 1555 - 23 Jul 1594  Spanish Habsburg rule (part of Groningen).
Apr 1580 - 1581            Attempted adhesion to the Union of Utrecht.
23 Jul 1594                Province of Drenthe (Provincie Drenthe), a province protected by
                             the United Netherlands, not represented in federal institutions.
24 Apr 1795 - 20 Feb 1798  Control over Drenthe is shared by
departements Overijssel
                             and Groningen.
23 Apr 1798                Drenthe merged with Overijssel as departement van den Oude IJssel.
 8 May 1807                Departement Landschap van Drenthe.
13 Jul 1810 - 20 Nov 1813  Annexed to French département de l'Ems-Occidental (departement
                            
Westereems)
(see under Groningen).
1814                       Province of Drenthe (restored).
10 May 1940 - 13 Apr 1945  German occupation.

Stadtholders (Stadhouders)
1536 - 23 Jul 1594         the Stadholders of Friesland
23 Jul 1594 - 15 Mar 1696  the Stadholders
of Groningen
15 Mar 1696 - 19 Mar 1702  Willem III prins van Oranje        (b. 1650 - d. 1702)
                             graaf van Nassau
19 Mar 1702 - 19 Mar 1722  Vacant (authority reverted to the provincial Estates)
19 Mar 1722 - 13 May 1747  Willem IV Karel Hendrik Friso      (b. 1711 - d. 1751)
                             prins van Oranje en Nassau
19 Mar 1722 -  9 Apr 1731  Marie Luise von Hessen-            (b. 1688 - d. 1765)
                             Kassel (f) -Regent
13 May 1747 - 16 Feb 1795  the Stadholders of Holland

Drosten

1580 - 1596                Hendrik de Vos van Steenwijk       (b. 1522 - d. 1598)
1596 - 1598                Coenraad de Vos van Steenwijk      (b. 1566 - d. 1598)
1598                       Reinolt de Vos van Steenwijk       (b. 1570 - d. 1634)
1599 - 23 May 1639         Caspar van Ewsum                   (b. 1564 – d. 1639)
1639 - 20 Nov 1643         Roelof van Echten                  (b. 1592 – d. 1643)
1643 - 1668                Rutger van den Boetzelaer          (b. 1578 – d. 1668)
1668 - 1673                Hendrik Munster Willem van Bernsaw (d. 1681)
                             (1st time) 
1673 - 12 Aug 1675         Carl von Rabenhaupt                (b. 1602 – d. 1675)
1675 - 1681                Hendrik Munster Willem van Bernsaw (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
1681 - 29 Apr 1681         Johan van Welvelde                 (b. 1610 – d. 1681)
1682 - 1701                Elbert Antoon vrijheer van Pallant (b. 1637 – d. 1701)
11 Mar 1701 -  2 May 1735  Roelof baron van Echten tot Echten (b. 1648 - d. 1735)
 7 Jun 1735 - 10 Oct 1742  Nicolaas Herman baron van Echten   (b. 1690 - d. 1742)
                             tot Entinge
19 Mar 1743 - 1748         Cornelis van Dongen tot de Klenke  (b. 1690 - d. 1748)
30 Dec 1748-  20 Feb 1776  Alexander Carel baron van Heiden
   (b. 1709 - d. 1776)
                             tot den Dam                  
1776 - 1795                Sigismund Pierre Alexander van     (b. 1740 - d. 1806)
                             Heiden Reinestein
Chairmen of Provisionele Representanten van het Volk van Drenthe
11 Feb 1795 - 13 Apr 1795  Carel de Vos van Steenwijk         (b. 1759 - d. 1830)
President of Coevorden and Drenthe

24 Apr 1795 - 22 Feb 1798  Carel de Vos van Steenwijk         (s.a.)

Intermediair administratief bestuur in het voormalig gewest Drenthe

(Intermediary Administration of the Former Drenthe Region)
(chairmanship rotating every 14 days)

22Feb1798-
Jun1798/Mar1799  Otto Blom                          (b. 1748 - d. 1807)  
22 Feb 1798 - 30 Mar 1799  Jan Braams                         (b. 1762 - d. 1839)
22 Feb 1798 - 30 Mar 1799  A. Coops  
22 Feb 1798 -
30 Mar 1799  Albert Meursinge                   (b. 1755 - d. 1840)
22 Feb 1798 - 30 Mar 1799  Cornelis Pothoff                   (b. 1766 - d. 1844)
22 Feb 1798 - 30 Mar 1799  J.J. van Royen  
22 Feb 1798 -
30 Mar 1799  Berend Slingenberg                 (b. 1769 - d. 1849)
22 Feb 1798 - 30 Mar 1799  Derck van der Wijck                (b. 1760 - d. 1847)
                            (last chairman)
Financiële commissie van het voormalig gewest Drenthe

(Financial Commission of the 
Former Drenthe Region)
26 Mar 1799 - 24 Jun 1802  Three members
Landdrost for Overijssel

24 Jun 1802 -  9 Mar 1806  Sigismund Pierre Alexander van     (s.a.)
                             Heiden  
 9 Mar 1806 - 13 Apr 1807  Godert Willem de Vos van Steenwijk (b. 1747 - d. 1830)
                             van den Havixhorst
Landdrost of Drenthe
19 Jul 1805 - May 1807     Departementaal Bestuur van de
                           Landschap Drenthe

                           - Joachimus Lunsingh 
Tonckens      (b. 1753 - d. 1821)
                           - Jacobus van 
Riemsdijk            (b. 1778 - d. 1852)
                           - Godert Willem de 
Vos van         (b. 1747 - d. 1830)
                               Steenwijk
13 Apr 1807 -  1 Jan 1810  Petrus Hofstede                    (b. 1755 - d. 1839)
 1 Jan 1810 -  9 Jul 1810  Jan Adriaan baron van Zuylen van   (b. 1776 - d. 1840)
                             Nijevelt
13 Jul 1810 - 20 Nov 1813  part of département de l'Ems-Occidental
                            (departement Westereems)
(see Groningen)
Commissioners-general
 3 Dec 1813 - 20 Sep 1814  the Commissioners-general of Groningen
Governors
14 May 1814 - 25 Aug 1831  Petrus Hofstede                    (s.a.)               Org
12 Apr 1832 -  1 Jan 1840  Daniël Jacob van Ewijck heer van   (b. 1786 - d. 1858)
                             Oostbroek en de Bilt
11 Feb 1840 -  8 Oct 1840  Joan Derk graaf van Rechteren tot  (b. 1799 - d. 1886)
                             Anhem
 8 Oct 1840 -  5 May 1842  Jonkheer François van Harencarspel (b. 1784 - d. 1842)
                             Eckhardt
 1 Aug 1842 -  1 Apr 1846  Lodewijk Napoleon graaf van        (b. 1807 - d. 1891)  Con
                             Randwijck
 1 Apr 1846 -  1 Aug 1850  Jan Arend Godert baron de Vos van  (b. 1799 - d. 1872)
                             Steenwijk van den Havixhorst
Commissioners of the King/Queen
 1 Aug 1850 - 12 Sep 1866  Jan Arend Godert baron de Vos van  (s.a.)
                             Steenwijk van den Havixhorst
16 Sep 1866 -  2 Feb 1868  Jonkheer Hubert Alexander van Asch (b. 1815 - d. 1868)  ARP

                             van Wijck
 1 Mar 1868 - 12 May 1875  Joan Lodewijk Gerhard Grégory      (b. 1808 - d. 1891)  ARP
12 May 1875 - 27 May 1885  Johannes van Kuijk                 (b. 1819 - d. 1885)  Con
 1 Jul 1885 -  1 Aug 1888  Cornelis Pijnacker Hordijk         (b. 1847 - d. 1908)  Lib
 1 Sep 1888 -  1 Dec 1903  Jonkheer Petrus Johannes van       (b. 1842 - d. 1911)  VAR
                             Swinderen
 1 Jan 1904 -  1 Oct 1917  Johannes Linthorst Homan           (b. 1844 - d. 1926)  Lib
 1 Oct 1917 -  1 Nov 1931  Jan Tijmen Linthorst Homan         (b. 1873 - d. 1932)  Lib
 1 Nov 1931 -  1 Aug 1940  Reint Hendrik baron de Vos van     (b. 1885 - d. 1964)  LSP
                             Steenwijk (1st time)
Commissioners of the Province
 1 Aug 1940 - 22 May 1943  Reint Hendrik baron de Vos van     (s.a.)               LSP
                             Steenwijk
 1 Jun 1943 -  5 May 1945  Jan Liebbe Bouma                   (b. 1889 - d. 1971)  NSB
Representatives of the Reichskommissar for the Province of Drenthe
(Beauftragten des Reichskommissars für die Provinz Drenthe)

1940 - 31 Jul 1940         Kurt Hartong                                            NSDAP
31 Jul 1940 - Oct 1941     Robert Thiel                       (b. 1909 - d. 1989)  NSDAP
22 Oct 1941 - May 1944     Heinrich Sellmer                   (b. 1907 - d. 1989)  NSDAP 
 1 May 1944 - 1945         Adolf Brandes                      (b. 1897 - d. 19..)  NSDAP
                             (acting to 1 Jun 1944)
Commissioners of the King/Queen
 6 May 1945 - 16 Jul 1951  Reint Hendrik baron de Vos van     (s.a.)               PvdV/VVD
                             Steenwijk (2nd time)
16 Jul 1951 -  1 Mar 1964  Jaap Cramer                        (b. 1899 - d. 1998)  PvdA
 1 Mar 1964 -  1 Oct 1974  Karel Hendrik Gaarlandt            (b. 1909 - d. 1985)  PvdA
 1 Nov 1974 -  1 Oct 1982  Albertine "Tineke" Petronella      (b. 1921 - d. 2013)  PvdA
                             Schilthuis (f) 
 1 Oct 1982 -  1 Dec 1988  Adriaan Pieter Oele                (b. 1923 - d. 2017)  PvdA
 1 Jan 1989 -  1 Jan 1993  Willem "Wim" Meijer                (b. 1939)            PvdA
 1 Jan 1993 - 22 Aug 1994  Margaretha "Margreeth" de Boer (f) (b. 1939)            PvdA
 1 Jan 1995 - 29 Sep 2008  Aurelus "Relus" Louis ter Beek     (b. 1944 - d. 2008)  PvdA
29 Sep 2008 -  1 May 2009  Anneke Haarsma (f) (acting)        (b. 1953)            PvdA
 1 May 2009 -  1 Mar 2017  Jacques Tichelaar                  (b. 1953)            PvdA
19 Apr 2017 -  1 Dec 2017  Jozias van Aartsen (acting)        (b. 1947)            VVD
 1 Dec 2017 -              Jellejetta "Jetta" Klijnsma (f)    (b. 1957)            PvdA



Flevoland

[Provincial flag of
                        Flevoland (Netherlands)]
Adopted 9 Jan 1986

 1 Jan 1986                Flevoland province (Provincie Flevoland), created from parts of
                             Overijssel (Noordoostpolder, Urk) and four municipalities
                             (see below)
.

Commissioners of the King/Queen
 1 Jan 1986 -  1 Oct 1996  Johannes Christiaan Jan "Han"      (b. 1931 - d. 2000)  PvdA
                             Lammers
16 Oct 1996 -  1 Oct 2008  Michel Jean Emile Marie Jager      (b. 1944 - d. 2023)  D66
Oct 2008 - Nov 2008        Harry Dijksma (acting)             (b. 1951)            VD
13 Nov 2008 -              Leendert "Leen" Verbeek            (b. 1954)            PvdA


Noordoostpolder

[former Noordoostpolder
                board flag (The Netherlands)]

 2 Feb 1936                Construction of the Noordoostelijke Polder begins.
 3 Oct 1939                Island of Urk in the Ijsselmeer is attached to the polder
                             and thus ceases to be an island. It continues to exist
                             as a separate municipality of the province of Noord Holland.
28 Jul 1942                Public Body (Openbaar Lichaam) established (Noordoostelijke
                             Polder) on land reclaimed from the former Zuiderzee.
20 Aug 1948                Renamed Noordoostpolder.
1950                       Urk part of Overijssel.
 1 Jul 1962                Noordoostpolder part of Overijssel.
 1 Jan 1986                Noordoostpolder and Urk p
art of Flevoland.

Landdrosten
28 Jul 1942 - 1954         Sikke Smeding                      (b. 1889 - d. 1967)
 1 Oct 1954 -  1 Jul 1962  Arie Pieter Minderhoud
             (b. 1902 - d. 1980)


Zuidelijke IJsselmeerpolders

10 Nov 1955                Public Body (Openbaar Lichaam) established on land
                             reclaimed from the former Zuiderzee.
 1 Jan 1972                Municipality of Dronten detached and placed under the
                             direct authority of the Ministry of the Interior.
 1 Jan 1980                Municipality of Lelystad detached as above.
 1 Jan 1984                Municipalities of Almere and Zeewolde detached as above.
 1 Jan 1986                The four municipalities above become parts of Flevoland.
 1 Jan 1996                Public body abolished (from 1984 it included no settled
                             territory, but continued to exist due to later aborted plans
                             to construct another polder).

Landdrosten
 1 Dec 1955 -  1 Apr 1963  Arie Pieter Minderhoud             (s.a.)
1963 - 1976                Will Marie Otto                    (b. 1919 - d. 2008)
Feb 1976 - Aug 1976        Jan M. Lindhout (acting)           (b. 1931)
 2 Aug 1976 -  1 Jan 1986  J
ohannes Christiaan Jan "Han"      (b. 1931 - d. 2000)  PvdA
                             Lammers
1986 - 1988                Peter M.M. de Jonge (acting)       (b. 1952)            PvdA
1988 -  1 Jan 1996         Roelof Sietze Hofstee Holtrop      (b. 1926 - d. 2014)  VVD    


Dronten

[Dronten (The
                        Netherlands)]
From 1973, Adopted 27 May 1982

Mayors
 1 Jan 1972 - 1980         Eppo
Pieter "Eppo" van Veldhuizen  (b. 1933)            PPR/PvdA
1980 - 16 Aug 1997         Cornelis
"Kees" Dekker             (b. 1938)            CDA

Lelystad

[Lelystad (The
                        Netherlands)]
Adopted 10 Dec 1981

Mayor
 1 Jan 1980 -  1 Jul 1996  Johannes "Hans" Petrus Adrianus    (b. 1931 - d. 2005)  D66
                            
Gruijters
 
Almere

[Almere (The
                Netherlands)]

Mayor

 1 Jan 1984 -  1 Jan 1986  
Johannes Christiaan Jan "Han"      (s.a.)               PvdA
                             Lammers

Zeewolde

[Zeewolde (The
                        Netherlands)]
Adopetd 16 Aug 1984

Mayor
 1 Jan 1984 - 1990         Harm Jan Egbert Bruins Slot        (b. 1948)            CDA


Friesland/Fryslân

[17th cent flag
                        of Friesland (Netherlands)]
17th Century Flag

[Provincial flag of
                        Friesland/Fryslân (Netherlands)]
From 1897; Adopted 9 Jul 1957

Capital: Leeuwarden
Population: 162,000 (1795)
Religions: Dutch Reformed 82%, Roman Catholic 9%, Mennonite 8%, other 1% (1809)

1006                       Creation of a County of (central-) Friesland (Comitatus Frisiae) as
                             part of the Holy
Roman Empire, covering present-day Friesland and
                             later also parts
of present-day Groningen.
10 Apr 1101                Last count of Friesland dies and the Counts of Holland and the
                             Bishops of Utrecht fight to establish their authority over the
                             region.
Nov 1165                   Treaty of Utrecht, the Holy Roman Emperor proclaims Friesland a
                             condominium of Holland and Utrecht.
1233                       This year a count of Holland is acclaimed for the last time as Lord
                             of Friesland by the Frisians. Although both Holland and Utrecht
                             continue their attempts to obtain the submission of the region,
                             Friesland is generally considered free from this year. The three
                             subdivisions (Oostergo, Westergo and Zevenwouden) were now ruled
                             by local chiefs according the own Frisian laws (the this was the
                             so-called Friese Vrijheid or Frisian Freedom).
 3 Nov 1248                Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II recognizes the "Frisian Freedom",
                             thereby placing the Frisian lands under his direct overlordship
                             (Reichsunmittelbar). In practice local chiefs remain independent.
30 Sep 1417                Holy Roman Emperor Sigismund confirms the Freedom of Friesland under
                             his direct overlordship.
23 Sep 1493                Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I confirms the Freedom of the Friesian
                             lands under his direct overlordship.
30 Apr 1498                To protect themselves against a band of foreign invaders, the
                             Frisians recognize the Saxon Duke as Lord of Friesland,
                             ending Frisian Freedom under direct authority of the Emperor.
1514                       In alliance with opponents to Saxon rule Gelre starts the conquest
                             of Friesland
19 May 1515                Unable to stop the advance of Gelre, the Saxon Lord sells his rights
                             over Friesland to the Habsburg Duke of Burgundy Charles II.
Nov 1523                   End of Gelre rule in Friesland.
Dec 1524                   The Habsburg Duke is recognized as Lord of Friesland by all Frisians
                             (heerlijkheid Friesland/Hearlikheid Fryslân).
25 Oct 1555 - 1576/79      Friesland part of the Spanish Habsburg Netherlands.

23 May 1568                Start of the Netherlands revolt against Spanish rule.
Jul 1572 - Nov 1572        Parts of Friesland are conquered by Netherlands insurgents.
Mar 1579                   Friesland adheres to the Union of Utrecht.
 1 Feb 1580                Insurgents take Leeuwarden, the capital. Friesland de facto
                             independent.
26 Jul 1581                The United Provinces declare their independence from Spain
                             (Province of Friesland).
 1 Jan 1796                Provisional Batavian departement Friesland.
23 Apr 1798                The largest part of Friesland merged with Groningen and Westerwolde 
                             to form the departement van de Eems.
19 Sep 1801                Abolition of the departement van de Eems, the departement Friesland
                             is restored (effective 21 Jun 1802).

13 Jul 1810 - 18 Nov 1813  Annexed to France as département de la Frise (departement
                             Friesland
).

18 Nov 1813                End of French rule.
29 Mar 1814                Province of Friesland (Provincie Friesland [from 28 Mar 1996,
                             Provinsje Fryslân]).
12 May 1940 - 15 Apr 1945  German occupation (Leeuwarden liberated 15 Apr 1945).
28 Mar 1996                States of Friesland resolved that the official name of the province
                             should follow the West Frisian spelling rather than the Dutch
                             spelling, resulting in "Friesland" being replaced by "Fryslân."

Podestaat van Friesland (Potentate of Frisia)
 3 Jan 1494 - Apr 1498     Juw Dekama                         (b. 1449/50 - d. 1523)
Saxon Lords of Friesland
30 Apr 1498 - 12 Sep 1500  Albrecht hertog van Saksen         (b. 1443 - d. 1500)
1499 - 12 Sep 1500         Hendrog van Saksen -Regent         (b. 1473 - d. 1541)
12 Sep 1500 - 1505         Hendrik hertog van Saksen          (b. 1473 - d. 1541)
                           - jointly with -
27 Apr 1501 - 19 May 1515  George hertog van Saksen           (b. 1471 - d. 1539)
Saxon Stadtholders of Friesland
30 Apr 1498 - 19 Jul 1499  Council (acting)
31 Oct 1500 - 21 Jul 1504  Hugo von Leisnig                   (b. 1465 - d. 1538)
21 Jul 1504 - 1506         Wilhelm Truchsess von Waldburg     (b. 1469 - d. 1557) 

                             (head of council of regency)
1506 - 16 Dec 1508         Heinrich graaf van Stolberg-       (b. 1467 - d. 1508)
                             Wernigerode                
16 Dec 1508 - 19 Dec 1509  Hans Schenk van Tautenburg         (d. af.1551)
                             (head of
interim administration)
19 Dec 1509 - 19 May 1515  Everwijn graaf van Bentheim-       (b. 1461 - d. 1530)
                             Steinfurt
Habsburg Lords of Friesland
Dec 1524 - 25 Oct 1555     Charles II of Burgundy
            (b. 1500 - d. 1558)
                             (= Emperor Charles V)
                             (in possession of Friesland since 19 May 1515)
25 Oct 1555 - 26 Jul 1581  Philippe II, King of Spain
        (b. 1527 - d. 1598)  
                             (continues claim to the area to 13 Sep 1598) 
Habsburg Stadtholders of Friesland
23 Jun 1515 - 1517         Floris van Egmond heer van
        (b. 1469 - d. 1539)
                             IJsselstein              
11 Nov 1517 - 1521         Wilhelm Freiherr von Roggendorff   (b. 1481 - d. 1541)
24 Mar 1521 -  2 Feb 1540  Georg Schenck van Toutenburg       (b. 1480 - d. 1540)
1540 - 23 Dec 1548         Maximiliaan van Egmond, graaf van
 (b. 1509 - d. 1548)
                             Buren                          
 1 Jan 1549 - 23 May 1568  Jean de Ligne graaf van Arenberg   (b. 1525 - d. 1568)
1568 -  9 Jan 1572         Charles de Brimeu graaf van Megen  (b. c.1524 - d. 1572)
 9 Jan 1572 - Oct 1573     Gillis de Berlaymont graaf van
    (b. c.1540 - d. 1579)
                             Hierges
Jul 1572 - 18 Nov 1572     Jobst II graaf van Holstein-
      (b. 1525 - d. 1581)
                             Schaumburg (in opposition, for
                             insurgents in areas occupied by them
)                  
17 Dec 1573 - Nov 1576     Caspar di Robles heer van Billy    (b. 1527 - d. 1585)
Nov 1576 - 1580            No Habsburg Stadholders
31 Aug 1577 - 10 Jun 1580  Georges de Lalaing graaf van       (b. c.1540 - d. 1581)
                             Rennenberg (
de facto since Nov 1576,
                             for Dutch insurgents to 3 Mar 1580; in
                             Groningen after 1580; for Spain 1580-1581)

 9 Jul 1581 - 1594         Francisco Verdugo                  (b. 1537 - d. 1595)
                             (in opposition to Dutch Stadhouders, in Groningen)
Gelre Lord of Friesland (in opposition to Saxon and Habsburg rule)

Nov 1514 - Nov 1523        the Duke of Gelre
Gelre Stadtholders
(in opposition to Saxon and Habsburg rule)
Nov 1514 - Nov 1523        the Stadholders of Groningen
Union Stadtholders (title Stathouders en Kapiteins-Generaal
11 Jun 1580 - 10 Jul 1584  Willem I prins van Oranje,         (b. 1533 - d. 1584)
                             graaf van Nassau
11 Jun 1580 - 1581         Norritz (acting for Willem I)  
1581 - Dec 1583            Bernard van Merode heer van Rummen (b. c.1525 - d. 1591)
                             (Lieutenant Stadholder)
Dec 1583 - 31 May 1620     Willem Lodewijk graaf zu Nassau    (b. 1560 - d. 1620)
                             (acting to 16 Oct 1684)
31 May 1620 -  3 Aug 1620  Ernst van Harinxma (acting)        (b. 156. - d. 1631)
 3 Aug 1620 -  2 Jun 1632  Ernst Kasimir graaf zu Nassau      (b. 1573 - d. 1632)

 2 Jun 1632 - 12 Jul 1640  Hendrik Kasimir I graaf zu Nassau  (b. 1612 - d. 1640)
                             in Diez
12 Jul 1640 - 21 Jul 1640  Orck van Doyem (acting)            (b. 1579 - d. 1641)
21 Jul 1640 - 21 Oct 1664  Willem Frederik prins zu Nassau    (b. 1613 - d. 1664)
                             in Diez 
21 Oct 1664 - 1664         Allart Pieter van Jongestal        (b. 1612 - d. 1676)
                             (acting)

1664 - 13 Jul 1675         Hendrik Kasimir II prins zu        (b. 1657 - d. 1696)
                             Nassau in Diez
1664 - 18 Jan 1675         Albertine Agnes von                (b. 1634 - d. 1696)
                             Nassau (f) -Regent          
Hereditary Stadtholders (Erfstadhouders)
13 Jul 1675 - 15 Mar 1696  Hendrik Kasimir II prins zu        (s.a.)
                             Nassau in Diez
15 Mar 1696 - 14 Jul 1711  Johan Willem Friso prins zu Nassau (b. 1687 - d. 1711)
15 Mar 1696 - 12 Aug 1707  Amalia von Anhalt (f) -Regent      (b. 1666 - d. 1726)
14 Jul 1711 -  1 Sep 1711  Jarich van Ockinga (acting)        (b. 1644 - d. 1714)
 1 Sep 1711 - 13 May 1747  Willem IV Karel Hendrik Friso      (b. 1711 - d. 1751)
                             prins van Oranje en Nassau
14 Jul 1711 -  9 Apr 1731  Marie Luise von Hessen-            (b. 1688 - d. 1765)
                             Kassel (f) -Regent
13 May 1747 - 18 Jan 1795  the Stadholders of Holland

Secretaries of the Estates (Staten) of Friesland
11 Feb 1580 -  6 Mar 1601  Eco Isbrandi                       (b. 1539 - d. 1612)
                             (co-secretary to 25 Apr 1586)
                           + A. Harderwijck (to 25 Apr 1586)
1601 - 27 Sep 1625         Ausonius
"Auco" Aijsma             (d. 1625)
1626 - 11 Nov 1637         Theodorus Marssum
11 Nov 1637 - 16 Dec 1650  Livius van Scheltinga              (b. c.1589 - d. 1650)
17 Apr 1651 - 21 Dec 1666  Piebe "Pibo" Jacobs van Doma       (b. 1614 - d. 1675)
21 Dec 1666 - 22 Feb 1678  Isaäck Siebrands de Schepper       (b. c.1642 - d. 1688)
23 Feb 1678 - 27 Mar 1682  Franciscus Jorritsma               (b. 1644 - d. 1716)
27 Mar 1682 - 14 Feb 1718  Hermannus Huber                    (b. 1663 - d. 1730)
16 Feb 1718 - 18 Sep 1727  Ulric Jan Huber                    (b. 1700 - d. 1727)
23 Feb 1728 -  7 Aug 1771  Jetze van Sminia                   (b. 1703 - d. 1771)
 7 Dec 1770 - 14 Apr 1780  Hans Willem van Plettenberg       
(b. 1721 - d. 1780)
                             (acting for Jetze van Sminia to 7 Aug 1771)
 6 Jun 1780 - Feb 1795     Arent Johannes van Sminia          (b. 1737 - d. 1820)

Patriotic Committee
 9 Jan 1795 -  7 Feb 1795  Triumvirate
                           - Daam Fockema                     (b. 1771 - d. 1855)
                           - Eduard Marius van Beyma          (b. 1755 - d. 1835)
                           - Thomas Joha                      (b. 1750 - d. 1812)
Chairman of the Provincial Revolutionary Committee
 7 Feb 1795 - 19 Feb 1795  Hermannus Borgrink                 (b. 1738 - d. 1803)
Presidents of the Provisional Representatives of the People
19 Feb 1795 -  5 Mar 1795  Thomas Philippus Joha              (b. 1750 - d. 1812)
 5 Mar 1795 - 19 Mar 1795  Abraham van der Burg               (b. 1754 - d. 1812)
19 Mar 1795 -  2 Apr 1795  Wiltetus Bernardus Jelgersma       (b. 1755 - d. 1796)
                             (1st time)
 2 Apr 1795 - 16 Apr 1795  Henricus Cannegieter               (b. 1757 - d. 1826)
16 Apr 1795 - 30 Apr 1795  Coert Lambertus van Beyma          (b. 1753 - d. 1820)
30 Apr 1795 - 14 May 1795  Hector Livius van Altena           (b. 1741 - d. 1806)
14 May 1795 - 28 May 1795  Hayo Tuinhout                      (b. 1757 - d. 1811)
28 May 1795 - 11 Jun 1795  Georgius Albertus Abbring          (b. 1758 - d. 1804)
11 Jun 1795 - 23 Jun 1795  Wiltetus Bernardus Jelgersma       (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)

Presidents of the Representatives of the People (
Representanten van het Volk van Friesland)
23 Jun 1795 -  6 Jul 1795  Simon Stijl                        (b. 1731 - d. 1804)
 6 Jul 1795 - 21 Jul 1795  Pieter Freerks Fontein             (b. 1761 - d. 1826)
21 Jul 1795 -  4 Aug 1795  Petrus Hoekema                     (b. 1747 - d. 1820)
 4 Aug 1795 - 18 Aug 1795  Hendrik Westra (1st time)          (b. 1766 - d. 1831)
18 Aug 1795 -  1 Sep 1795  Henricus van Weerden               (b. 1757 - d. 1805)
 1 Sep 1795 - 15 Sep 1795  Tjaart van Heloma                  (b. 1753 - d. 1798)
15 Sep 1795 - 29 Sep 1795  Sybren Sakes Hofstra               (b. 1743 - d. 1811)
29 Sep 1795 - 13 Oct 1795  Bernardus Spoelstra                (b. 1752 - d. 1817)
13 Oct 1795 - 27 Oct 1795  Jan Hylkes van der Bank            (b. 1751 - d. 1801)
27 Oct 1795 - 10 Nov 1795  Johannes Wesselius (1st time)      (b. 1756 - d. 1831)
10 Nov 1795 - 15 Dec 1795  Hendrik Westra (2nd time)          (s.a.)
15 Dec 1795 - 12 Jan 1796  Johannes Wesselius (2nd time)      (s.a.)
12 Jan 1796 - 22 Jan 1796  Thomas Philippus Joha              (b. 1750 - d. 1812)
23 Jan 1796 - 25 Jan 1796  Willem Bartel van der Kooi         (b. 1768 - d. 1836)
                             (1st time)
25 Jan 1796                Johannes Wesselius (3rd time)      (s.a.)
26 Jan 1796                Ahasverus van Vliet (1st time)     (b. 1729 - d. 1816)
26 Jan 1796 - 29 Jan 1796  Willem Bartel van der Kooi         (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
29 Jan 1796 - 11 Feb 1796  Sybren Sakes Hofstra (2nd time)    (s.a.)
11 Feb 1796 - 22 Feb 1796  Ahasverus van Vliet (2nd time)     (s.a.)
22 Feb 1796 - 24 Feb 1796  Willem Bartel van der Kooi         (s.a.)
                             (3rd time)
24 Feb 1796 -  8 Mar 1796  Sybren Sakes Hofstra (3rd time)    (s.a.)
 8 Mar 1796 -  5 Apr 1796  Minne Aebes Bakker                 (b. 1726 - d. 1814)
 5 Apr 1796 - 19 Apr 1796  Harkema
19 Apr 1796 -  3 May 1796  J.U. Dijkstra (1st time)
 3 May 1796 - 17 May 1796  E. Miedema
17 May 1796 - 31 May 1796  Jacob Kundig                       (b. 1763 - d. 1796)
31 May 1796 - 16 Jun 1796  J.U. Dijkstra (2nd time)
16 Jun 1796 - 23 Jun 1796  Johannes Jacobus Florison          (b. 1723 - d. 1819)

Chairmen of the First Provinciaal Bestuur van Friesland
23 Jun 1796 -  7 Jul 1796  
Minne Aebes Bakker (1st time)      (s.a.)
 7 Jul 1796 - 21 Jul 1796  J.U. Dijkstra (1st time)
21 Jul 1796 -  4 Aug 1796  E. Miedema (1st time)
 4 Aug 1796 - 18 Aug 1796  Harmen Thieden Ament (1st time)    (b. 1768 - d. 1838)
18 Aug 1796 -  1 Sep 1796  Hans Hettema (1st time)            (b. 1761 - d. 1823)
 1 Sep 1796 - 15 Sep 1796  Minne Aebes Bakker (2nd time)      (s.a.)
15 Sep 1796 - 29 Sep 1796  Harmen Thieden Ament (2nd time)    (s.a.)
29 Sep 1796 - 13 Oct 1796  Jan Jans Tinga                     (b. 1753 - d. 1826)
13 Oct 1796 - 27 Oct 1796  Hans Hettema
(2nd time)            (s.a.)
27 Oct 1796 -  9 Nov 1796  Frans Tulleners                    (b. 17.. - d. 1801)
 9 Nov 1796 - 24 Nov 1796  
Harmen Thieden Ament (3rd time)    (s.a.)
                             (acting to 10 Nov 1796)
24 Nov 1796 -  8 Dec 1796  Hans Hettema
(3rd time)            (s.a.)
 8 Dec 1796 - 22 Dec 1796  J.U. Dijkstra (2nd time)
22 Dec 1796 -  5 Jan 1797  Douwe Fokeles Obbema (1st time)    (b. 1746 - d. 1817)
 5 Jan 1797 - 19 Jan 1797  E. Miedema
(2nd time)
19 Jan 1797 -  2 Feb 1797  J.U. Dijkstra (3rd time)
 2 feb 1797 - 16 Feb 1797  Hans Hettema (4th time)            (s.a.)
16 Feb 1797 -  2 Mar 1797  E. Miedema (3rd time)
 2 Mar 1797 - 13 Mar 1797  Harmen Thieden Ament (4th time)    (s.a.)
13 Mar 1797 - 30 Mar 1797  Lieuwe Klazes
                             (acting to 16 May 1796)
30 Mar 1797 - 13 Apr 1797  Jacobus Germans
13 Apr 1797 - 27 Apr 1797  Paulus Stroband
27 Apr 1797 - 11 May 1797  Klaas Igles

11 May 1797 - 25 May 1797  
Minne Aebes Bakker (3rd time)      (s.a.)
25 May 1797 -  8 May 1797  E. Miedema (4th time)
 8 Jun 1797 - 23 Jun 1797  Douwe Fokeles Obbema (2nd time)    (s.a.)
Chairmen of the
Second Intermediair Administratief Bestuur
23 Jun 1797 -  7 Jul 1797  
Klaas Jans Hobbema (1st time)      (b. 1750 - d. 1828)
 7 Jul 1797 - 21 Jul 1797  
Paulus Stroband
21 Jul 1797 -  4 Aug 1797  Petrus Cramer (1st time)
 4 Aug 1797 - 18 Aug 1797  
Klaas Jans Hobbema (2nd time)      (s.a.)
18 Aug 1797 -  1 Sep 1797  
Jacobus Germans
 1 Sep 1797 - 15 Sep 1797  P. Dorhout
15 Sep 1797 - 29 Sep 1797  Michiel Adriaan van der Wal        (b. 1769 - d. 1806)
                            
(1st time)
29 Sep 1797 - 13 Oct 1797  Geert Rinzes van Dijk
13 Oct 1797 - 27 Oct 1797  Rutger van Slooten                 (b. 1757 - d. 1820)

27 Oct 1797 - 10 Nov 1797  
Klaas Jans Hobbema (3rd time)      (s.a.)
10 Nov 1797 - 24 Nov 1797  Jan Klazes
24 Nov 1797 -  8 Dec 1797  Catharinus O
neïdes
 8 Dec 1797 - 22 Dec 1797  Petrus Cramer
(2nd time)
22 Dec 1797 -  5 Jan 1798  Hendrik van der Linde
 5 Jan 1798 - 19 Jan 1798  Douwe Folkerts Wadman              (b. 1746 - d. 1806)
19 Jan 1798 - 30 Jan 1798
 Michiel Adriaan van der Wal        (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
Chairmen of the First Intermediair Administratief Bestuur
30 Jan 1798 -  3 Feb 1798  Michiel Adriaan van der Wal        (s.a.)

                             (1st time)
 3 Feb 1798 - 16 Feb 1798  Jan Jans Tinga                     (s.a.)
16 Feb 1798 -  2 Mar 1798  
Jacobus Germans
 2 Mar 1798 -  8 Mar 1798  Michiel Adriaan van der Wal        (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)

Chairmen of the 
Second Intermediair Administratief Bestuur
 8 Mar 1798 - 23 Mar 1798  Michiel Adriaan van der Wal        (s.a.)

23 Mar 1798 -  7 Apr 1798  Jacobus Germans
 7 Apr 1798 - 21 Apr 1798  Klaas Jans Hobbema                 (s.a.)
21 Apr 1798 -  4 May 1798  Jan Jans Tinga                     (s.a.)
 4 May 1798 - 18 May 1798  Rutger van Slooten
18 May 1798 -  1 Jun 1798  Jacobus Germans
 1 Jun 1798 - 15 Jun 1798  Wopke Rommerts
15 Jun 1798 - 21 Jun 1798  Cornelis Klases Post

Chairmen of the Third Intermediair Administratief Bestuur
21 Jun 1798 -  5 Jul 1798  Harmanus Borgrink (1st time)       (b. 1738 - d. 1803)
 5 Jul 1798 - 18 Jul 1798  Eduard Marius van Beyma            (s.a.)
18 Jul 1798 -  2 Aug 1798  Jan van der Bank (1st time)

 2 Aug 1798 - 16 Aug 1798  Hylke Hanekuik (1st time)
16 Aug 1798 - 30 Aug 1798 
Thijs Feenstra (1st time)          (b. 1766 - d. 1840)
30 Aug 1798 - 13 Sep 1798  Jelle Heyes (1st time)
13 Sep 1798 - 27 Sep 1798  Epeus Cats (1st time)              (b. 1764 - d. 1812)
27 Sep 1798 - 11 Oct 1798  J.G. Semler (1st time)
11 Oct 1798 - 23 Oct 1798  Jacob Cup (1st time)
23 Oct 1798 -  8 Nov 1798  Thijs Feenstra (2nd time)          (s.a.)
 8 Nov 1798 - 22 Nov 1798  Jan van der Bank (2nd time)
22 Nov 1798 -  6 Dec 1798  
Eise Eisinga (1st time)            (b. 1744 - d. 1828)
 6 Dec 1798 - 20 Dec 1798  Hylke Hanekuik (2nd time)
20 Dec 1798 -  3 Jan 1799  Epeus Cats (2nd time)              (s.a.)
 6 Jan 1799 - 17 Jan 1799  Jelle Heyes (2nd time)
17 Jan 1799 - 31 Jan 1799  J.G. Semler (2nd time)
31 Jan 1799 - 14 Feb 1799  Jacob Cup (2nd time)
14 Feb 1799 - 26 Feb 1799 
Eise Eisinga (2nd time)            (s.a.)
26 Feb 1799 - 14 Mar 1799  
Hylke Hanekuik (3rd time)
14 Mar 1799 - 30 Mar 1799  
Harmanus Borgrink (2nd time)       (s.a.)
Commissarissen van het uitvoerend bewind
van Friesland
(Commissioners of the executive power)
14 Mar 1799 - Jul 1799     Gulbertus van Idsinga              (b. 1756 - d. 1799)
22 Jul 1799 - 21 Jun 1802  Hendrik Nicolaas la Clé
           (b. 1742 - d. 1816)
Chairmen of the
Departementaal Bestuur van de Eems  
20 Mar 1799 - 15 Apr 1799  
Scato Trip (1st time)              (b. 1742 - d. 1822)
15 Apr 1799 - 29 Apr 1799  Johannes Lambertus Huber (1st time)(b. 1750 - d. 1826)
29 apr 1799 - 13 May 1799  J. Geersema van Wychel (1st time)
13 May 1799 - 27 May 1799  Thijs Feenstra (1st time)          (s.a.)
27 May 1799 - 10 Jun 1799  Eise Eisinga (1st time)            (s.a.)
10 Jun 1799 - 25 Jun 1799  Ambrozius Ayzo van Boelens         (b. 1766 - d. 1834)
                             (1st time)

25 Jun 1799 -  8 Jul 1799  Wijgerus Meurs (1st time)          (b. 1772 - d. 1831)
 8 Jul 1799 - 22 Jul 1799  Scato Trip (2nd time)              (s.a.)
22 Jul 1799 -  5 Aug 1799  
Johannes Lambertus Huber (2nd time)(s.a.)
 5 Aug 1799 - 19 Aug 1799  Ambrozius Ayzo van Boelens         (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)

19 Aug 1799 -  2 Sep 1799  
J. Geersema van Wychel (2nd time)
 2 Sep 1799 - 16 Sep 1799  Wijgerus Meurs (2nd time)          (s.a.)
16 Sep 1799 - 29 Sep 1799  Thijs Feenstra (2nd time)          (s.a.)
29 Sep 1799 - 14 Oct 1799  Daam Fockema (1st time)            (b. 1771 - d. 1855)
14 Oct 1799 - 28 Oct 1799  Scato Trip (3rd time)              (s.a.)
28 Oct 1799 - 11 Nov 1799  Johannes Lambertus Huber (3rd time)(s.a.)
11 Nov 1799 - 25 Nov 1799  J. Geersema van Wychel (3rd time)
25 Nov 1799 -  9 Dec 1799  Thijs Feenstra (3rd time)          (s.a.)
 9 Dec 1799 - 23 Dec 1799  Daam Fockema (2nd time)            (s.a.)
23 Dec 1799 -  6 Jan 1800  Wijgerus Meurs (3rd time)          (s.a.)
 6 Jan 1800 - 20 Jan 1800  Ambrozius Ayzo van Boelens         (s.a.)
                             (3rd time)

20 Jan 1800 -  3 Feb 1800  Johannes Lambertus Huber (4th time)(s.a.)
 3 Feb 1800 - 17 Feb 1800  Scato Trip (4th time)              (s.a.)
17 Feb 1800 -  3 Mar 1800  J. Geersema van Wychel (4th time)
 3 Mar 1800 - 17 Mar 1800  
Thijs Feenstra (4th time)          (s.a.)
17 Mar 1800 - 31 Mar 1800  Ambrozius Ayzo van Boelens         (s.a.)
                             (4th time)

31 Mar 1800 - 14 Apr 1800  Wijgerus Meurs (4th time)          (s.a.)
14 Apr 1800 - 28 Apr 1800  Daam Fockema (3rd time)            (s.a.)
28 Apr 1800 - 12 May 1800  Scato Trip (5th time)              (s.a.)
12 May 1800 - 26 May 1800  Johannes Lambertus Huber (5th time)(s.a.)
26 May 1800 -  5 Jun 1800  Thijs Feenstra (5th time)          (s.a.)
 5 Jun 1800 - 23 Jun 1800  Wijgerus Meurs (5th time)          (s.a.)
23 Jun 1800 -  7 Jul 1800  Daam Fockema (4th time)            (s.a.)
 7 Jul 1800 - 21 Jul 1800  J. Geersema van Wychel (5th time)
21 Jul 1800 -  4 Aug 1800  Johannes Lambertus Huber (6th time)(s.a.)
 4 Aug 1800 - 18 Aug 1800  Wijgerus Meurs (6th time)          (s.a.)
18 Aug 1800 -  1 Sep 1800  Thijs Feenstra (6th time)          (s.a.)
 1 Sep 1800 - 15 Sep 1800  Scato Trip (6th time)              (s.a.)
15 Sep 1800 - 29 Sep 1800  Ambrozius Ayzo van Boelens         (s.a.)
                             (5th time)

29 Sep 1800 - 13 Oct 1800  Daam Fockema (5th time)            (s.a.)
13 Oct 1800 - 27 Oct 1800  Scato Trip (7th time)              (s.a.)
27 Oct 1800 - 10 Nov 1800  Johannes Lambertus Huber (7th time)(s.a.)
10 Nov 1800 - 24 Nov 1800  Wijgerus Meurs (7th time)          (s.a.)
24 Nov 1800 -  8 Dec 1800  Thijs Feenstra (7th time)          (s.a.)
 8 Dec 1800 - 22 Dec 1800  Daam Fockema (6th time)            (s.a.)
22 Dec 1800 -  6 Jan 1801  Johannes Lambertus Huber (8th time)(s.a.)
 6 Jan 1801 - 19 Jan 1801  A. Tebbens (1st time)
19 Jan 1801 -  2 Feb 1801  
Scato Trip (8th time)              (s.a.)
 2 Feb 1801 - 16 Feb 1801  Daam Fockema (7th time)            (s.a.)
16 Feb 1801 -  2 Mar 1801  A. Tebbens (2nd time)
 2 Mar 1801 - 16 Mar 1801  Thijs Feenstra (8th time)          (s.a.)
16 Mar 1801 - 30 Mar 1801  Wijgerus Meurs (8th time)          (s.a.)
30 Mar 1801 - 13 Apr 1801  Scato Trip (9th time)              (s.a.)
13 Apr 1801 - 27 Apr 1801  Johannes Lambertus Huber (9th time)(s.a.)
27 Apr 1801 - 11 May 1801  Thijs Feenstra (9th time)          (s.a.)
11 May 1801 - 25 May 1801  Daam Fockema (8th time)            (s.a.)
25 May 1801 -  8 Jun 1801  A. Tebbens (3rd time)
 8 Jun 1801 - 22 Jun 1801  Wijgerus Meurs (9th time)          (s.a.)
22 Jun 1801 -  6 Jul 1801  Scato Trip (10th time)             (s.a.)
 6 Jul 1801 - 20 Jul 1801  Johannes Lambertus Huber(10th time)(s.a.)
20 Jul 1801 -  3 Aug 1801  Daam Fockema (9th time)            (s.a.)
 3 Aug 1801 - 17 Aug 1801  
Thijs Feenstra (10th time)         (s.a.)
17 Aug 1801 - 31 Aug 1801  A. Tebbens (4th time)
31 Aug 1801 - 14 Sep 1801  Scato Trip (11th time)             (s.a.)
14 Sep 1801 - 28 Sep 1801  Pier Zeper (1st time)              (b. 1761 - d. 1845)
28 Sep 1801 - 12 Oct 1801  Thijs Feenstra (11th time)         (s.a.)
12 Oct 1801 - 26 Oct 1801  Daam Fockema (10th time)           (s.a.)
26 Oct 1801 -  9 Nov 1801  Pier Zeper (2nd time)              (s.a.)
 9 Nov 1801 - 23 Nov 1801  Daam Fockema (11th time)           (s.a.)
23 Nov 1801 -  7 Dec 1801  Scato Trip (12th time)             (s.a.)
 7 Dec 1801 - 21 Dec 1801  A. Tebbens (5th time)
21 Dec 1801 -  4 Jan 1802  Thijs Feenstra (12th time)         (s.a.)
 4 Jan 1802 - 18 Jan 1802  Pier Zeper (3rd time)              (s.a.)
18 Jan 1802 -  1 Feb 1802  Daam Fockema (12th time)           (s.a.)
 1 Feb 1802 - 15 Feb 1802  Scato Trip (13th time)             (s.a.)
15 Feb 1802 -  1 Mar 1802  A. Tebbens (6th time)
 1 Mar 1802 - 15 Mar 1802  Thijs Feenstra (13th time)         (s.a.)
15 Mar 1802 - 29 Mar 1802  Pier Zeper (4th time)              (s.a.)
29 Mar 1802 - 12 Apr 1802  Daam Fockema (13th time)           (s.a.)
12 Apr 1802 - 16 Apr 1802  Thijs Feenstra (14th time)         (s.a.)
16 Apr 1802 - 10 May 1802  Scato Trip (14th time)             (s.a.)
10 May 1802 - 24 May 1802  Pier Zeper (5th time)              (s.a.)
24 May 1802 -  7 Jun 1802  Daam Fockema (14th time)           (s.a.)
 7 Jun 1802 - 21 Jun 1802  Thijs Feenstra (15th time)         (s.a.)
21 Jun 1802                A. Tebbens (7th time)
Departementaal Bestuur van Friesland
(chairmanship rotated among all members every 15 days)
21 Jun 1802 - 25 Oct 1802  
Daniel de Blocq van Haersma        (b. 1732 - d. 1814)
21 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Bernhardus Buma                    (b. 1770 - d. 1838)
21 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Cornelis van
Scheltinga            (b. 1743 - d. 1812)
21 Jun 1802 -  8 May 1807  Johan Petrus van Hylckama          (s.a.)
21 Jun 1802 - 29 Oct 1802  Epeus Cats                         (s.a.)
21 Jun 1802 -  8 May 1807  Thijs
Feenstra                     (s.a.)
21 Jun 1802 -  8 May 1807  Mathijs Ypeij                      (b. 1762 - d. 1817)
21 Jun 1802 - 25 Oct 1802  Jacob Nanning du Tour              (b. 1749 - d. 1823)
21 Jun 1802 -  8 May 1807  Pieter Freerks
Fontein             (s.a.)
21 Jun 1802 - 11 Mar 1806  Tinco Martinus Lycklama            (b. 1766 - d. 1844)
                             Nijeholt

15 Jun 1802 - 27 Oct 1802  Johannes Albarda                   (b. 1761 - d. 1838)
15 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Barteld Douma Tjalling van Sixma   (s.a.)
22 Oct 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Johannes Vriemoet Drabbe           (s.a.)
22 Oct 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Petrus Adrianus
Bergsma            (b. 1743 - d. 1824)
29 Oct 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Paulus Gasinjet
22 Oct 1803 -  8 Apr 1807  Sicco Douwe van Aylva              (
s.a.)
14 Mar 1806 -  8 May 1807  Willem Livius van 
Sminia           (b. 1769 - d. 1822)
Landdrost 
 8 May 1807 - 30 Jan 1811  Regnerus Livius van Andringa de    (b. 1752 - d. 1813)
                             Kempenaer
Prefects
30 Jan 1811 - 11 Feb 1811  Regnerus Livius van Andringa de    (s.a.)
                             Kempenaer (acting)
11 Feb 1811 - 18 Nov 1813  Jan Gijsbert Verstolk van Soelen   (b. 1776 - d. 1845)
25 Nov 1813 -  2 Dec 1813  Hector van Sminia
(acting)         (b. 1763 - d. 1816)
Commissioners-general

 2 Dec 1813 - 29 Apr 1814  Ennius Harmen Bergsma              (b. 1755 - d. 1828)
                           + Hector van Sminia                (s.a.) 
Governors
29 Apr 1814 -  3 Nov 1826  Jonkheer Idsert Aebinga van        (b. 1754 - d. 1834)  Org
                             Humalda
 3 Nov 1826 - 29 Mar 1840  Jan Adriaan baron van Zuylen van   (b. 1776 - d. 1840)  Ind

                             Nijevelt
12 Sep 1840 - 15 Jul 1848  Maurits Pico Diederik baron van    (b. 1789 - d. 1848)  Ind
                             Sytzama
 1 Dec 1848 -  1 Aug 1850  Jan Ernst Jonkheer van Panhuys     (b. 1808 - d. 1878)  Con-Lib
Commissioners of the King/Queen
 1 Aug 1850 -  9 Jun 1878  Jan Ernst Jonkheer van Panhuys     (s.a.)               Con-Lib
                             (from 12 May 1874, Jan Ernst baron van Panhuys)
 1 Sep 1878 -  1 Sep 1909  Binnert Philip baron van Harinxma  (b. 1839 - d. 1923)  Lib
                             thoe Slooten
 1 Sep 1909 - 31 Jul 1940  Pieter Albert Vincent baron van    (b. 1870 - d. 1954)  Ind
                             Harinxma thoe Slooten (1st time)
Commissioner of the Province
 1 Aug 1940 - May 1945     Pieter Albert Vincent baron van    (s.a.)               Ind
                             Harinxma thoe Slooten
Representatives of the Reichskommissar for the Province of Friesland
(Beauftragten des Reichskommissars
für die Provinz Friesland)
 7 Jun 1940 - 30 Jul 1940  Hermann Conring (acting)           (b. 1894 - d. 1989)  NSDAP
30 Jul 1940 - 14 Apr 1945  Werner Friedrich Ross              (b. 1895 - d. 19..)  NSDAP
Commissioners of the King/Queen
14 Apr 1945 - 31 Aug 1945  Sytze Aninga                       (b. 1894 - d. 1974)  Mil
                             (military commissioner)
May 1945 - 19 Nov 1945     Pieter Albert Vincent baron van    (s.a.)               Ind

                             Harinxma thoe Slooten (2nd time)
                             (suspended)
May 1945 - Nov 1945        Antoni Wilhelmus Haan
             (b. 1896 - d. 1969)  Ind
                             (acting for
Slooten)
 1 Dec 1945 -  1 Jun 1970  Henri "Harry" Pieter Linthorst     (b. 1905 - d. 1989)  VVD
                             Homan
16 Jun 1970 - 16 Jun 1982  Hedzer Rijpstra                    (b. 1919 - d. 2011)  CHU;1980 CDA
16 Jun 1982 -  1 Feb 1994  Hans Wiegel                        (b. 1941)            VVD
25 Apr 1994 -  2 Aug 1998  Louis "Loek" Lucien Henri Alphons  (b. 1951)            VVD
                             Hermans 
 1 Jan 1999 -  1 May 2008  Eduardus "Ed" Hermannus Theresia   (b. 1950)            VVD
                             Nijpels
16 May 2008 - 13 Sep 2016  John Jorritsma                     (b. 1956)            VVD
13 Sep 2016 -  1 Mar 2017  Joan Leemhuis-Stout (f) (acting)   (b. 1946)            VVD
 1 Mar 2017 -              Arnoud
"Arno" Adrianus Maria Brok  (b. 1968)            VVD



Ameland

[Ameland flag
                          adopted 1950, but in variable forms depicted
                          from 1711-1870 (Netherlands)]
Similar version in use c.1711 - 1870


Map of Ameland


Capital: Ameland


Population: 2,939 (1795)

Religions: Dutch Reformed 45%, Mennonite 44%, Roman Catholic 9%, other 2% (1809)

8th cent                   First mentioned as Ambla.

1396 - 1424                Ameland Island tributary to the County of Holland.
1424                       Lord Ritske Jelmera declares Ameland a free lordship (Vrije
                             Heerlijkheid).
 5 Nov 1494                Hereditary free lordship under the suzerainty of the Holy Roman
                             Empire (Vrijheerschap Ameland).
15 May 1648                Relinquished by the Holy Roman Empire by the Peace of Münster
                            (signed 15 Jan 1648), not part of any Dutch province, not
                             subject to Dutch taxes, local ruler claims sovereignty.
1652                       Protection levies imposed by the Dutch Estates-General.
10 Nov 1680                Cammingha dynasty extinct, inherited by cognates from

                             26 Jan 1681.
28 May 1704                Sold to Johan Willem Friso Stadholder of Friesland.
28 May 1704 - 16 Feb 1795  Personal union with House of Oranje-Nassau.
24 Feb 1795                Sequestered by the province of Friesland.
 
1 Mar 1796                Part of the Batavian Republic (see Netherlands).
20 Apr 1798 - 19 Sep 1801  Part of departement van de Eems.
19 Sep 1801                Part of departement Friesland (effective 21 Jun 1802).
20 Nov 1813
                Part of the Netherlands.
29 Mar 1814                Part of Friesland province
.

Free Lords/Ladies (title
Vrijheer/Vrijvrouwe van Ameland)
1425 - 17 Jan 1450         Ritske Jelmera                     (b. 1383 - d. 1450)
17 Jan 1450 - 1463         Rumke (Romcke) van Donia           (d. 1463)
1463 - 1464                Keimpe (Keympe) van Donia          (d. 1464)
1464 -  9 Mar 1486         Haye I Cammingha                   (b. 1432 - d. 1486)
 9 Mar 1486 - 26 Nov 1521  Pieter I van Cammingha             (b. 1460 - d. 1521)
26 Nov 1521 - 10 Oct 1552  Wytze I van Cammingha              (b. 1492 - d. 1552)
10 Oct 1552 - 19 Dec 1556  Haye II van Cammingha              (b. 1503 - d. 1556)
19 Dec 1556 - 29 Oct 1575  Pieter II van Cammingha            (b. 1531 - d. 1575)
29 Oct 1575 - 10 Jan 1624  Sicke (Sicco) van Cammingha        (b. 1562 - d. 1624)
29 Oct 1575 - 1585         Taecke (Taco) van Cammingha -Regent(b. 1536 - d. 1618)
10 Jan 1624 - Mar 1638     Pieter III van Cammingha           (b. 1587 - d. 1638)
Mar 1638 - 24 Jan 1641     Wytse II van Cammingha             (b. 1592 - d. 1641)
24 Jan 1641 - 19 Nov 1668  Watze Frans van Cammingha          (b. 1603 - d. 1668)
19 Nov 1668 - 10 Nov 1680  Frans Duco (Doecke) van Cammingha  (b. 1653 - d. 1680)
19 Nov 1668 - 1674         Rixt van Donia (f) -Regent         (b. 1620 - d. 1681)
10 Nov 1680 - 26 Jan 1681  Rixt van Donia (f)                 (s.a.)
26 Jan 1681 - 25 Aug 1682  Helena Maria thoe Schwartzenberg   (b. 1646 - d. 1682)
                             en Hohenlansberg (f)
                           - jointly with the following -
25 Aug 1682 -  4 Feb 1704  Wilco Holdinga thoe Schwartzenberg (b. 1664 - d. 1704)
                             en Hohenlansberg  
26 Jan 1681 - 28 May 1704  Anna Dodonea thoe Schwartzenberg   (b. 1668 - d. 1714)
                             en Hohenlansberg (f) 
26 Jan 1681 - 28 May 1704  Jannetta Isabella barones thoe     (b. 1671 - d. 1735)
                             Schwartzenberg en Hohenlansberg (f)
28 May 1704 - 16 Feb 1795  the Princes of Oranje
                            (see barons of Breda)

Bailiffs
(title Baljuw, Schout)[position established 1739]
1739 - 1761                Campegius van der Straten          (b. 1703 - d. 1761)
1761 - 1779                Pieter van der Straten             (b. 1735 - d. 1804)
1779 - 1785                Hans Willem baron van Plettenberg  (b. 1732 - d. 1800)
1785 - Apr 1798            Cornelis Julius van Burmania       (b. 1748 - d. 1816)


Gelderland

[Provincial flag of Gelderland 17th
                                cent. (Netherlands)]
17th Century Flag

[Provincial flag of
                        Gelderland (Netherlands)]
Adopted 15 Apr 1953

Capital: Arnhem
(Geldern to 1347)
Population: 218,000 (1795)
Religions: Dutch Reformed 62%, Roman Catholic 36%, other 2% (1809)

....                       Part of Duchy of Lower Lorraine (Niederlothringen).
14 Jun 1026                Comitatus in Testerbant (County of Teisterbant)
                             given to Utrecht.
23 Aug 1046                Comitatus in Hamalanda (County in Hamaland) given to Utrecht.
 8 Oct 1247                Nijmegen acquired (by imperial pledge effective 10 Oct 1247).
 1 Aug 1317                Principality of Guelders (Geldria Principatus)(confirmed).
19 Mar 1339                Duchy of Guelders, officially "Duchy of Gelre and County of
                             Zutphen"
(Hertogdom Gelre en graafschap Zutphen/Herzogtum
                            
Geldern
und Grafschaft Zutphen).
20 Jun 1473                Sold to Burgundy (payment completed 24 Jun 1477).
1492 - 1504                Gelderland independence.
1511 - 1543                Gelderland independence.
27 Jan 1538 - 1543         Ceded to Cleve (effective 3 Feb 1538).

 7 Sep 1543 - 1576         Ceded to the Haburgs (effective 20 Sep 1543).
1576                       Dutch rule (southern [Upper] Guelders remains under Spanish rule).
Mar 1579                   Adheres to the Union of Utrecht.
26 Jul 1581                Province of Gelderland (Provincie Gelderland), a province of the
                             United Netherlands.

14 Aug 1606 - 19 Aug 1627  Groenlo (Grol) occupied by Spanish forces.
11 Apr 1713                Part of Southern [Upper] Guelders
ceded to Prussia at Peace of
                             Utrecht (see Gelders under Prussia provinces).

 1 Jan 1796                Batavian departement Gelderland.
23 Apr 1798                Gelderland merged with part of Utrecht and County 
                             of Zutphen to create departement van den Rijn (Rhine). 
19 Sep 1801                Renamed departement Gelderland.
13 Jul 1810 - 20 Nov 1813  Annexed to France as département de l'Yssel-Supérieur (departement
                             Boven-IJssel).

1814                       Province of Gelderland (restored).
10 May 1940 -  5 May 1945  German occupation (Wageningen liberated 17 Apr 1945).

Stadtholders (title Stadhouders en Kapiteins-Generaal)
1473 - 1476                Guillaume, seigneur d'Egmont       (b. 1412 - d. 1483)
                             (1st time)
1476 - Feb 1477            Philippe de Croÿ, comte de Chimay  (b. 1436 - d. 1482)
1477 - 1480                ....
1480 - 1481                Guillaume, seigneur d'Egmont       (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
1481 - 1504                Adolphe, comte de Nassau Wiesbaden (b. 1544 - d. 1511)
1504 - 1505                Jean, comte de Nassau              (b. 1455 - d. 1515)
1505 - 1510                Philippe bâtard de Bourgogne,      (b. 1464 - d. 1524)
                             dit Philippe de Bourgogne-Blaton
1510 - 25 Oct 1539         Floris van Egmont, seigneur        (b. c.1470 - d. 1539)
                             d'IJsselstein
25 Oct 1539 - 23 Sep 1543  Vacant
23 Sep 1543 - 17 Jul 1544  Rene van Chalons prins van         (b. 1519 - d. 1544)
                             Oranje-Nassau
                             (
= René de Nassau-Châlons)
15 Jan 1545 - 30 Jun 1555  Filips graaf van Lalaing           (b. 1510 - d. 1555)
                             Hoogstraten en Rennenberg
25 Sep 1555 - 13 Feb 1558  Filips van Montmorency graaf       (b. c.1524 - d. 1568)
                             van Horn
18 Jun 1560 -  8 Jan 1572  Charles de Brimeu graaf van        (b. c.1525 - d. 1572)
                             Megen
30 Apr 1572 - 18 Jun 1579  Gilles van Berlaymont baron        (b. c.1540 - d. 1579)
                             van Hierges
                             (for Dutch insurgents Oct 1576-Jul 1577, in
                             oppostion to Dutch from 1577, from 1578 in Namur exile)

22 Sep 1577 - 28 May 1578  Maximilien de Hénin-Liétard,       (b. 1542 - d. 1577)
                             comte de Boussu
                             (appointed by the Estates of Gueldre, did not take the office)
17 Nov 1577 - 28 May 1578  Willem prins van Oranje-Nassau     (b. 1533 - d. 1584)
                             (appointed, but not confirmed by
Estates of Gueldre)
28 May 1578 -  2 Jun 1581  Johann Graf von Nassau zu          (b. 1536 - d. 1606)
                             Dillenburg Freiherr von Diez 
                             (appointed by the Estates of Gueldre, absent from Jul 1580)
24 Nov 1581 -  5 Nov 1583  Willem graaf van den Bergh         (b. 1537 - d. 1586)

                             (under arrest 5 Nov 1583-spring 1584 by order of the Estates)
 5 Nov 1583 - 30 May 1584  Elbertus de Leuwe (acting)         (b. 1518 - d. 1598)

30 May 1584 - 18 Oct 1589  Adolf van Nieuwenaar graaf van     (b. 1545 - d. 1589)
                            
Meurs   
10 Jul 1590 - 23 Apr 1625  Mauritz prins van Oranje          
(b. 1567 - d. 1625)
                             graaf van Nassau
                             (accepted the appointment in May 1591)    

1625 - 14 Mar 1647         Frederick Hendrick prins van
      (b. 1584 - d. 1647)
                             Oranje graaf van Nassau 
14 Mar 1647 -  6 Nov 1650  Willem II prins van Oranje         (b. 1626 - d. 1650)
                             graaf van Nassau
 6 Nov 1650 - 15 Feb 1675  Vacant (authority reverted to the provincial Estates)
15 Feb 1675 - 19 Mar 1702  Willem III prins d'Oranje          (b. 1650 - d. 1702)
                             graaf van Nassau
19 Mar 1702 -  2 Nov 1722  Vacant (authority reverted to the provincial Estates)
 
2 Nov 1722 - 13 May 1747  Willem IV Karel Hendrik Friso      (b. 1711 - d. 1751)
                             prins van Oranje en Nassau
 2 Nov 1722 -  9 Apr 1731  Marie Luise von Hessen-            (b. 1688 - d. 1765)
                             Kassel (f) -Regent
13 May 1747 - 18 Jan 1795  the Stadholders
of Holland

Chancellors of Gelre and Zutphen
14 Dec 1576 -  7 Sep 1578  Boudewijn van Roon                 (b. 1519 - d. 1578)
Sep 1578 - 31 Jan 1580     Joost van Cranevelt (acting)       (b. 1516 - d. 1591)
Feb 1580 - 28 Jun 1581     Gerhard Voeth (1st time) (acting)  (b. 1542 - d. 1607)
28 Jun 1581 -  6 Dec 1598  Elbertus de Leuwe                  (s.a.)
Dec 1598 - 25 Mar 1607     Gerhard Voeth (2nd time)           (s.a.)
                             (acting to 5 May 1604)
Mar 1607 - 22 Sep 1625     Gerlach van der Capellen           (b. 1543 - d. 1625)
                             (acting to 22 Jun 1616)
Sep 1625 -  1 Aug 1632     Martin Goris                       (b. 1569 - d. 1632)
                             (actingto 4 Jun 1627)
Presiding Councilors of Hof van Gelre [position of chancellor remains vacant]
Aug 1632 -  1 Feb 1652     Diderick van Bemmel                (b. 1575 - d. 1652)
Feb 1652 - 16 Jun 1652     Johan Kelffken                     (b. 1583 - d. 1652)
Jun 1652 -  3 Jan 1666     Joest Vijgh                        (b. 1600 - d. 1666)
Jan 1666 -  3 Dec 1673     Johan van Wijnbergen               (d. 1673)
Dec 1673 - 12 Feb 1681     Gerhard Casijn van der Hell        (b. 1598 - d. 1681)
Feb 1681 - 10 Nov 1702     Georg Ripperda                     (b. 1630 - d. 1702)
Nov 1702 -  3 Dec 1709     Peter Noyen                        (b. 1637 - d. 1709)
Dec 1709 - 25 Sep 1715     Henrick van Essen                  (d. 1715)
Sep 1715 -  2 Jan 1720     Caspar van Els                     (b. 1645 - d. 1720)
Jan 1720 - 26 Sep 1732     Casijn van der Hell                (b. 1644 - d. 1732)
Sep 1732 -  8 Oct 1734     Johan van der Horst                (b. 1660 - d. 1734)
Oct 1734 - 25 Jan 1739     Johan van Hasselt                  (b. 1668 - d. 1739)
Jan 1739 -  4 Aug 1743     Jaspar Henrick van Lynden          (b. 1696 – d. 1759)
Aug 1743 - 26 Sep 1772     Johan Vijgh                        (b. 1697 - d. 1772)
Sep 1772 -  6 May 1790     Willem Engelen                     (b. 1709 - d. 1790)
May 1790 - 21 Mar 1795     Jan Gaymans                        (b. 1724 - d. 1804)
Provinciaal College van Politie, Financie en Algemeen Welzijn

(Provincial Board of Police, Finance and General Welfare
)
18 Feb 1795 - 20 Jul 1797  Hendrik Willem Rappard             (b. 1748 - d. 1833)
18 Feb 1795 - 19 Mar 1795  Herman Hendrik Vitringa            (b. 1757 - d. 1801)
18 Feb 1795 - Jun 1797     Egbert Anthony Daendels            (b. 1767 - d. 1835)
19 Feb 1795 -  2 May 1796  Joannes Petrus Kleijn              (b. 1760 - d. 1805)
26 Feb 1795 - 17 Oct 1795  Willem Adriaan van Oyen            (b. 1742 - d. 1795)
28 Feb 1795 - 16 May 1795  Jan Hendrik Stoffenberg            (b. 1749 - d. 1838)
16 Mar 1795 - Jun 1795     Antoni Christiaan Wynand Staring   (b. 1767 - d. 1840)
16 Mar 1795 - Aug 1797     J.L. Haesebroek                    (b. 1757 - d. 1806)
21 Mar 1795 - 19 Oct 1797  Theodorus Prins                    (b. 1750 - d. 1829)
23 Mar 1795 - 17 Feb 1798  Hendrik van Juchem                 (b. 1768 - d. 1808)
 3 Aug 1795 - 19 Feb 1798  Barthold Theodorus Wilhelmus van   (b. 1770 - d. 1840)
                            
Hasselt
 1 Sep 1795 - 19 Feb 1798  Goossen van Tricht
 7 Dec 1795 - 19 Feb 1796  G. van Riemsdijk                   (b. 1767 - d. ....)
13 Jun 1796 - Feb 1798     Fredrik Henrik Raeber              (b. 1761 - d. 1825)
 2 Sep 1797 - 19 Feb 1798  Derk Schoonman                     (b. 1749 - d. 1820)
First Intermediair Administratief Bestuur
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  Alardus Schouten                   (b. 1757 - d. 1831)
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  Jan Isaak Huinink                  (b. 1739 - d. 1822)
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  G. Hamminck
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  A. Sminck
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  A. Goedhart
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  T. Platenkamp
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  Hendrik Jan Stokkink               (b. 1749 - d. 1813)
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  Anthony van Zadelhoff              (b. 1747 - d. 1822)
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  Egbert Jacobsz. van der Maaten     (b. 1748 - d. 1828)
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  J. van Selm                        (b. 1749 - d. 1819)
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  Pieter ten Bosch                   (b. c.1764 - d. 1839)
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  G. Wetsels
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  J. Smits
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  Hendrik Joost Revius               (b. 1735 - d. 1817)
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  Christianus Bernardus Immink       (b. 1749 - d. 1836)
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  R.J. van Apeldoorn
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  David van Sittert                  (b. 1754 - d. 1840)
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  Hendrik van Dijk                   (b. 1749 - d. 1838)
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  Jan Hagens                         (b. 1749 - d. 1831)
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  Gerrit Brakers
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  Lubbertus Zevenhuizen              (b. 1754 - d. 1835)
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  Gerrit van Holten                  (b. 1761 - d. 1800)
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  Arend ten Geershuis                (b. 1751 - d. 1807)
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  Gerrit Hasewinkel                  (b. 1747 - d. 1830)
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  W.A.F. Weijman
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  Olivier Gerrit Willem Joseph       (b. 1768 - d. 1824)
                             
Hacfort tot ter Horst
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  Willem Mulder                      (b. 1751 - d. 1830)
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  Dirk Gerrit van Hoeclum            (b. 1763 - d. 1807)
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  Hendrik Mulder
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  Allard Philip Reinier Carel van    (b. 1766 - d. 1836)
                             der
Borch van Verwolde

27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  J. Hogeweg
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  Jan B. Vink
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  Hendrik Hoogers                    (b. 1747 - d. 1814)
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  Aelbert Bzn. van Eldik             (b. 1758 - d. ....)
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  Jan Bodd                           (b. 1750 - d. 1827)
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  Johan Lulofs                       (b. 1751 - d. 1804)
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  Christiaan Kromhout                (b. 17.. - d. 1802)
27 Jan 1798 - 18 Feb 1798  C. Buijs
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  Carel Campagne                     (b. 1754 - d. 1831)
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  J. Schoemaker
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  Lambert Backhuis                   (b. 1750 - d. 1822)
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  C. de Beyer
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  A. Verstegen
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  Hendrik Derksen                    (b. 1753 - d. 1817)
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  Bernardus Wolfgangus Krepel        (b. 1754 - d. 1830)
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  Jan de Both                        (b. 1758 - d. 1832)
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  D. Thyssen
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  Jan Hendrik Struy                  (b. 1745 - d. 1822)
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  J. Teeuwissen
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  R. van Raalte
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  Hendrik Jansen de Wilde            (b. 1739 - d. 1810)
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  H.W. Evekink
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  Nicolaas Lange                     (b. 1745 - d. 1822)
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  Johannes Glover                    (b. 1759 - d. 1828)
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  Johan Willem te Welscher           (b. 1747 - d. 1821)
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  Anthonie Pieter van Westervelt     (b. 1750 - d. 1823)
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  D.N. van Nes
27 Jan 1798 - 19 Feb 1798  Teunis Pessink                     (b. c.1748 - d. 1828)
Second Intermediair Administratief Bestuur
19 Feb 1798 - 15 Jun 1798  P.H. de Roy
19 Feb 1798 - 30 Mar 1799  Johan Hermanus Thomassen           (b. 1752 - d. 1829)
19 Feb 1798 -  5 Jun 1798  A. Goedhart
19 Feb 1798 - 30 Mar 1799  Barthold Theodorus Wilhelmus       (b. 1770 - d. 1840)
                             van 
Hasselt
19 Feb 1798 - 15 Jun 1798  N. Aalbers van Elst
19 Feb 1798 - 30 Mar 1799  Christianus Bernardus 
Immink       (s.a.)
19 Feb 1798 - 30 Mar 1799
 Olivier Gerrit Willem Joseph       (s.a.)
                             
Hacfort tot ter Horst
19 Feb 1798 - 30 Mar 1799
 Jan Willem Evers                   (b. 1756 - d. 1832)
19 Feb 1798 -  1 Aug 1798  Allard Philip Reinier Carel van    (s.a.)
                             der 
Borch van Verwolde
19 Feb 1798 - 30 Mar 1799  Hendrik Hoogers                    (b. 1747 - d. 1814)
19 Feb 1798 - 30 Mar 1799  Aelbert Bzn. van Eldik             (s.a.)
19 Feb 1798 - 30 Mar 1799  Nicolaas Lange                     (s.a.)
19 Feb 1798 - 30 Mar 1799  Johannes Glover                    (s.a.)
27 Feb 1798 - 19 Feb 1799  Louis Barthold Wilhelmus Aberson   (b. 1739 - d. 1827)
28 Feb 1798 - 30 Mar 1799  Amandus Franciscus van 
Baustetter  (b. 1736 - d. 1813)
28 Feb 1798 - 15 Jun 1798  Adrianus van 
Oosterhout            (b. 1751 - d. ....)
28 Feb 1798 - 15 Jun 1798  Jan de Both                        (s.a.)
15 Jun 1798 - 30 Mar 1799  Dani
ëPrillewitz                  (s.a.)
15 Jun 1798 - 30 Mar 1799  Johann Stephan Simeon 
Ballot       (b. 1742 - d. 1820)
15 Jun 1798 - 30 Mar 1799  Steven van 
Bronkhorst              (b. 1763 - d. 1826)
15 Jun 1798 - 30 Mar 1799  G. van 
Riemsdijk                   (s.a.)
25 Jun 1798 - 30 Mar 1799  Jacob Jan van 
Ommeren              (b. 1763 - d. 1819)
27 Jun 1798 - 30 Mar 1799  Nicolaas 
Vorster
17 Aug 1798 - 30 Mar 1799  Hieronymus 
Wijnen                  (b. 1768 - d. 1830)
Commissarissen van het uitvoerend bewind van Rijn (Commissioners of the executive power)
22 Feb 1799 - 1802         Hendrik Engelen                    (b. 1745 - d. 1826)

Departementaal Bestuur van
Rijn (from 19 Sep 1801, Gelderland)

30 Mar 1799 - 23 Jun 1802  Adriaan Coetzee

 1 May 1799 - 23 Jun 1802  Johannes
van Leeuwen               (b. 1770 - d. 1837)
30 Mar 1799 - 23 Jun 1802  Jacobus Adriaansz
. van Manen       (b. 1752 - d. 1822)
30 Mar 1799 - 23 Jun 1802 
Steven van Camp                    (b. 1753 - d. 1817)
30 Mar 1799 - 23 Jun 1802  Steven van Bronkhorst              (s.a.)
11 May 1799 - 23 Jun 1802  J
ohann Stephan Simeon Ballot       (s.a.)
30 Mar 1799 - 25 Jul 1801  J
ohan Lulofs                       (s.a.)
 4 Jul 1801 - 23 Jun 1802  D. van Sonsveld de Roller
21 Jun 1802 -  4 Apr 1803  Jan Hendrik Stoffenberg            (s.a.)  
21 Jun 1802 -  1 Jul 1805  Johannes Vermasen                  (b. 1763 - d. 1840)  
21 Jun 1802 - 31 Jul 1805  Otto de Virieu                     (b. 1745 - d. 1830)
29 Jun 1805 - 31 Jul 1805  Jan van Leeuwen                    (b. 1770 - d. 1837)
21 Jun 1802 - 14 May 1807  Allard Philip Reinier Carel van    (s.a.)
                             der
Borch van Verwolde

21 Jun 1802 - 14 May 1807  Evert Frederik van Heeckeren       (b. 1755 - d. 1831)
21 Jun 1802 - 31 Jul 1805  Jan Hendrik van Hasselt            (b. 1729 - d. 1814)
21 Jun 1802 - 31 Jul 1805  Antoni Christiaan Wynand Staring   (s.a.)
21 Jun 1802 - 31 Jul 1805  Derk Willem Abraham Brantsen       (b. 1742 - d. 1808)
21 Jun 1802 - Jul 1804     Egbert Anthony Daendels            (s.a.)
21 Jun 1802 -  3 Nov 1802  Anthonie Pieter van Westervelt     (s.a.)
21 Jun 1802 - 31 Jul 1805  Gerrit Willem van Zuylen van       (b. 1756 - d. 1813)
                             Nievelt
15 Mar 1802 - 31 Jul 1805  Roeland Jan Bouricius              (b. 1751 - d. 1824)
28 Mar 1803 - 31 Jul 1803  Hendrik Willem Rappard             (s.a.)
11 Jun 1804 - 31 Jul 1805
 Dirk Gerrit van Hoeclum            (s.a.)
 1 Aug 1805 - 14 May 1807  Godefridus Franciscus van          (b. 1743 - d. 1819)
                             Hugenpoth tot Aerdt    
 1 Aug 1805 - 14 May 1807  Johan Frederik van Spaen           (b. 1746 - d. 1827)
 1 Aug 1805 - 14 May 1807  Willem Jan Tulleken                (b. 1768 - d. 1814)
 1 Aug 1805 - 14 May 1807  Everhard Alexander Ver Huell       (b. 1759 - d. 1829)
Landdrost
 8 May 1807 - 14 Nov 1807  Gerrit Willem Joseph baron van     (b. 1758 - d. 1837)
                             Lamswerde
14 Nov 1807 -  1 Jan 1811  Johan Arend de Vos van Steenwijk   (b. 1746 - d. 1813)
1810 - Feb 1811            Verstolk van Soelen
Prefects 
 5 Feb 1811 - 18 Feb 1811  Jan van Pallandt van Walfort       (b. 1776 - d. 1844)
                             (acting)
Feb 1811 -  3 Dec 1813     Regnerus Livius van Andringa de    (b. 1752 - d. 1813)
                             Kempenaer
 3 Dec 1813 - 18 Dec 1813  Johan Arend Godard van Dedem       (b. 1780 - d. 1824)
                             (acting) 
Commissioners-general

 4 Dec 1813 - 18 Dec 1813  Willem Anne Schimmelpenninck van   (b. 1750 - d. 1816)
                             der Oye
                           + C. van Lynden van Havelaken
18 Dec 1813 - 29 Apr 1814  Willem Hendrik Alexander Carel van (b. 1761 - d. 1845)
                             Heeckeren van Kell
                           + Frans Godert van Lynden van      (b. 1774 - d. 1847)
                             
 Hemmen (from 2 Jan 1814)
Governors
29 Apr 1814 - 22 Jun 1825  Jan Carel Elias graaf van Lijnden  (b. 1770 - d. 1825)

22 Jun 1825 -  1 Apr 1846  Willem Hendrik Alexander Carel     (b. 1774 - d. 1847)  Org
                             baron van Heeckeren van Kell
 1 Apr 1846 - Oct 1846     Lodewijk Napoleon graaf van        (b. 1807 - d. 1891)  Con
                             Randwijck
11 Oct 1846 -  1 Oct 1847  Derk Willem Gerhard Johan Hendrik  (b. 1801 - d. 1851)
                             baron Brantsen van de Zijp
                             (acting)
 1 Oct 1847 -  1 Aug 1850  Willem Anne baron Schimmelpenninck (b. 1800 - d. 1872)  Lib
                              van der Oije 
Commissioners of the King/Queen
 1 Aug 1850 -  1 Jan 1853  Willem Anne baron                  (s.a.)               Lib
                             Schimmelpenninck van der Oije 
 1 Jan 1853 -  1 Jun 1880  Louis Gaspard Adrien graaf van     (b. 1802 - d. 1884)  Lib
                             Limburg Stirum
 1 Jun 1880 -  5 Jan 1909  Johan Hendrik Mello baron van      (b. 1840 - d. 1909)  Con
                             Mollerus van Westkerke
24 May 1909 - 16 Apr 1925  Jonkheer Schelto van Citters       (b. 1865 - d. 1942)  ARP
16 Apr 1925 - 31 Jul 1940  Schelto baron van Heemstra         (b. 1879 - d. 1960)  ARP
                             (1st time)
Commissioners of the Province
 1 Aug 1940 - 19 Sep 1944  Schelto baron van Heemstra         (s.a.)               ARP
19 Sep 1944 -  7 May 1945  Harmanus Hondius (acting)          (b. 1903 - d. 1996)  NSB
Representatives of the Reichskommissar for the Province of Gelderland
(Beauftragten des Reichskommissars für die Provinz Gelderland)

 7 Jun 1940 - 29 Jun 1942  Emil Schneider (1st time)          (b. 1908 - d. 1987)  NSDAP
29 Jun 1942 -  1 Jun 1943  Adolf Brandes (acting)             (b. 1897 - d. 19..)  NSDAP
 1 Jun 1943 - May 1945     Emil Schneider (2nd time)          (s.a.)               NSDAP
Commissioners of the King/Queen
17 Oct 1944 - 1945         Eduard Hendrik Joan baron van      (b. 1892 - d. 1972)  RKSP
                             Voorst tot Voorst (acting)  
May 1945 - 1945            Gerardus Wilhelmus Josephus van    (b. 1882 - d. 1962)  KVP
                             Koeverden (acting) 
Jul 1945 -  1 Jan 1946     Schelto baron van Heemstra         (s.a.)               ARP
                             (2nd time)
 1 Jan 1946 -  1 Jan 1957  Cypriaan Gerard Carel Quarles van  (b. 1891 - d. 1985)  CHU
                             Ufford 
 1 Apr 1957 -  1 Jun 1973  Hugo Willibrord Bloemers           (b. 1908 - d. 2001)  VVD
 1 Dec 1973 -  1 Nov 1983  Willem Jacob "Molly" Geertsema     (b. 1918 - d. 1991)  VVD
16 Nov 1983 - 29 May 1991  Matthijs "Matty" de Bruijne        (b. 1932 - d. 1991)  VVD
Nov 1990 - Apr 1991        Nicoline Hobbine van den Broek-    (b. 1937)            VVD
                             Laman Trip (f) 
                             (acting for de Bruijne)
 1 Jun 1991 -  1 Nov 1991  Adriaan Pieter Oele (acting)       (b. 1923 - d. 2017)  PvdA
 1 Nov 1991 -  1 Dec 1996  Jan Cornelis Terlouw               (b. 1931)            D66
 1 Jan 1997 -  1 Jan 2005  Jan Kamminga                       (b. 1947)            VVD
31 Aug 2005 -  6 Feb 2019  Clemens Gerard Antoon Cornielje    (b. 1958 - d. 2022)  VVD
 6 Feb 2019 -              Johannes "John" Cornelius          (b. 1956)            CDA
                             Gerardus Maria Berends


Upper Guelders (Spanish/Austrian)

[Burgundy Cross Flag,
                        Banner of Spain, 1516-1785 (Spain)]
to 1716

[Austria Archduchy Flag
                        c.1230-1786]
1716 - 1794

Capital: Roermond
Population: 28,000 (1785)

1578                       Upper Guelders (Overkwartier van Gelre) remains under Spanish
                             rule. Spanish were represented by stadholders, the stadholders 
                             nominally ruling all Gelder (Guelders) and Zutphen residing
                             in Arnhem, from 5 Feb 1580 in Roermond.
1634 -  3 Sep 1637         Dutch occupation (in Venlo to 25 Aug 1637, Roermond to 3 Sep 1637).
15 May 1648                The Peace of Münster confirms that Upper Guelders remains Spanish.
1702 - 1713                Prussia occupies Erkelenz.
Oct 1702 - 1706            Dutch occupation of Roermond.
11 Apr 1713                Southern part Oberquartier (Geldern, Straelen, Wachtendonk, Kessel,
                             Viersen,
Kriekenbeek) ceded to Prussia, and Erkelenz to Duchy
                             Jülich-Berg by the Peace of Utrecht.

1713                       The Netherlands create the Guelders of the States.
1714                       Duke John William of Jülich and Elector Palatine (of Palatinate-
                             Neuburg) is given Erkelenz by Treaty of Utrecht.
14 Nov 1715                The Netherlands obtains Venlo, Stevensweert, and Montfort. 

 
1 Mar 1716                Austrian Gelderland, Austrian Netherlands take possession of city
                             of Roermond and a few surrounding villages, the rest of the
                             former Spanish Gelderland had been granted by the treaties of
                             1713 and 1715 to Prussia and Netherlands.
 1 May 1719                Pfalz annexes Erkelenz (by homage).

 8 May 1720                Austria Constitution of Gelderland places administration under
                             the chancellor of the Court of (Upper) Gelders.

11 Dec 1792 -  5 Mar 1793  Roermond occupied by the French.
 
5 Apr 1794                Roermond occupied by the French.
16 May 1795 - 20 Nov 1813  Annexed to France; (
Roermond named Ruremonde) as provisional
                            
arrondissement of Venlo, from 1 Oct 1795 within département
                             de la Meuse-Inférieure.

20 Nov 1813                Liberated by Allied forces.
16 Mar 1815                Part of the Province of
Gelderland.

Stadholders of the Duchy of Guelders and County of Zutphen
1579 - 1589                Jan van Argenteau heer te Esneu
                             (governor Roermond and Overkwartier)

1585 - 13 Jul 1587         Claude de Berlaymont baron de        (b. c.1550 - d. 1587)
                            
Haultepenne (provisional)
1589 - 1592                Marc de Rye de La Palud, marquis de  (b. 1545 - d. 1598)
                             Varambon, comte de la Roche
1592 - 1593                Charles prins en graaf de Ligne,     (b. 1550 - d. 1616)
                             graaf van Arenberg en Aerschot
                             (commands the royal army in
Gueldre 1583-84
25 Mar 1593 - 12 Aug 1611  Herman graaf van den Bergh           (b. 1558 - d. 1611)
                             'sHeerenberg markies van Bergen
                             op Zoom
1611 -  3 Sep 1618         Frederik graaf van den Bergh         (b. 1559 - d. 1618)
                             heer Boxmeer
23 Oct 1618 - 13 Mar 1634  Hendrik graaaf van den Bergh         (b. 1573 - d. 1638)
                             'sHeerenberg markies van Bergen
                             op Zoom heer van Spaubeek
                             (defected to Dutch Staten-Generaal
1632-1637)
1634 - 1637                Dutch occupation
24 Dec 1637 - 1646         Guillaume Bette, markies de Lede     (b. c.1600 - d. 1658)
                             (commander to 5 Jan 1640)
13 Aug 1646 - 1652         Jean Conrad d'Aubremont
,             (d. 1652) 
                             baron de Ribaucourt
20 Nov 1652 - 27 Feb 1680  Philippe Balthazar de Grand de       (b. 1616 - d. 1680) 
                             Vilain, comte de d'Isenghien,
                             prince Masmines
 
 
5 Feb 1681 - 17 Sep 1699  Johann Franz Desiderius Fürst von    (b. 1626 - d. 1699)
                             Nassau-Siegen                  
 
3 Mar 1700 - Oct 1702     Filips Emanuel van Horn prins van    (b. 1661 - d. 1718)
                             Horn graaf van Baucignies,
                             Houtkerke en Bailleul
    
Oct 1702 - Mar 1716        Vacant
 1 Mar 1716 - 1716         Jean-Dominique, comte de Maldeghem   (b. 1662 - d. 1747)
                             et de Steenhuffel (acting)
1716 - 16 Aug 1717         Damian Kasimir Cämmerer von Worms    (b. 1675 - d. 1717)
                             Freiherr von Dalberg
(provisional)
16 Aug 1717 -  8 May 1720  Vacant
Chancellors of the Court of Gelders (kanselier Hof van Gelre)

23 Apr 1721 -  7 Nov 1721  François Gaspar van Hempselrode      (b. 1655 - d. 1721)
                             de Starckenburg (acting)
 3 Apr 1723 -  4 May 1724  Petrus van Lom                       (b. 1646 - d. 1724)
15 Nov 1724 - 20 Dec 1727  Hermanus Jacobus van den Berg        (b. 1669 - d. 1727)
17 Apr 1728 - 29 Dec 1736  Bernardus Albertus van Lom           (b. 1655 - d. 1736)
 4 Dec 1737 - Aug 1743     Johannes Bernardus van Weyns (Sweyns)(d. 1743)
                             (= Jan Gérard Sweyns)
Sep 1743 - Sep 1747       
Joseph-François de Baillet           (d. 1747)
Sep 1747 - 1749            Vacant
1749 -  9 Mar 1767         Pierre Claude Marie de Saint-Vaast   (b. 1691 - d. 1767)
                             (from 2 Jan 1767, Baron de Saint-Vaast)
22 Mar 1767 -  6 Jan 1779  Arnoldus Henricus Tackoen            (b. 1716 - d. 1779)
20 Apr 1779 - 1794         Guillaume Joseph Luytgens            (b. 1722 - d. 1802)
                             (prisoner in Brussels Feb 1789-1791)


Gelders of the States

Capital: Venlo
Population: 25,000 (1795, est.)
Religions: Roman Catholic 98%, other 2% (1809)

1714                       Gelders of the States (Staats-Oppergelre) created from towns of
                             Beesel, Laak (Echt), Linne, Montfort, Nieuwstadt, Ohé,
                             Sint Odiliënberg, Stevensweert, and Vlodrop, relinquished by   
                             the Holy Roman Empire to sovereignty of the United Netherlands
                             by the Peace of Utrecht 26 Jun 1714.

14 Nov 1715                The Netherlands purchases Venlo, Stevensweert and Montfort;
                             Guelders of the States (Staats-Oppergelre) administered by
                             the Staten-Generaal as a Generality Land.
27-29 Oct 1794             French siege of Venlo.
29 Oct 1794                French occupation.
16 May 1795 - 20 Nov 1813  Annexed to France as
arrondissement of Venlo.
16 Mar 1815                Part of Netherlands, province of Gelderland.

Presiding Councilors of Staats Hof van Gelre (in Venlo)
(subordinated to the Staten-Generaal)
1715 -  2 Feb 1753         Frans Adam van Aefferden             (b. 1684 - d. 1753)
1753 - 1782                Nicolaas Evert Fournier              (d. 1782)
1782 - 1788                Johan Nicolaas baron van Lynden      (b. 1738 - d. 1798)
1788 - 13 Dec 1789         Christiaan Hendrik baron van Balveren(b. 1748 -  d. 1789)
1789 - 1794                Hilarius Gerardus Poell              (b. 1747 - d. 1822)



Buren and Leerdam


[County of Buren
                        c.1647-1796 (Netherlands)]c.1647 - 1796 Buren Flag

[County of Leerdam
                        flag c.1647-1795 (Netherlands)] c.1647 - 1795 Leerdam Flag 

Map of Buren and Leerdam
Capital: Buren
Population: 3,488 (1795, Buren); 2,015 (1795, Leerdam)
Religions: Dutch Reformed 92%, Roman Catholic 3%, other 5% (1809)

994                        Lordship of Buren (dominium de Buren/Heerlijkheid Buren).
994 – 1472                 Under the Buren dynasty.
1472 – 1551                Under the Egmont dynasty.
24 Jun 1498                County of Buren (Graafschap Buren) and County of Leerdam
                             (Graafschap Leerdam).
1551 – 16 Feb 1795         County of Buren and the County of Leerdam under the Princes of
                             Orange.
1585                       Protection levies imposed by the Dutch Estates-General.
15 May 1648                Relinquished by the Holy Roman Empire by the Peace of Münster
                             (signed 15 Jan 1648), not part of any Dutch province, not
                             subject to the Dutch taxes, local ruler claims sovereignty.

11 Feb 1795                Sovereignty of "people of Buren" proclaimed by the Revolutionary
                             Committee of Buren (Comité Revolutionair).
16 Mar 1795                Leerdam is annexed by Holland province.
 1 Mar 1796                Annexed to the Batavian Republic (see Netherlands).
 4 Mar 1796                Incorporated into Gelderland province.
30 Apr 1798                Formally incorporated into Batavian Republic.

13 Jul 1810 - 20 Nov 1813  Annexed to France; part of département de l'Yssel-Supérieur
                             (département Boven-IJssel).

1814                       Part of Netherlands (in province of Gelderland).

Counts (title Graaf van Buren en Leerdam)
1551 - 16 Feb 1795         the Princes of Oranje
                           (see barons of Breda)

11 Feb 1795 - 1796         Revolutionary Committee of Buren

Stewards of Buren
(title Drossaard der Stad en Graafschap van Buren)
1712? - 1731               Jacob Cornelis Bakker
1731 - 1753                Hobbe Esaias baron van Aylva       (b. 1696 – d. 1772)
1754 - 1761                Johan Louis Verelst
1761 - 1779                Willem Lodewijk baron van Wassenaar(b. 1738 – d. 1787)
1779 - 1781                Johan Jacob de Geer                (b. 1714 – d. 1781)
1782 - 1790                Daniel Jacob de Drevon
1790 - 1795                Cornelis van der Does              (b. 1765 – d. 1805)


Culemborg (Kuilenburg)

[County of
                        Culemborg flag c.1753-1795 (Netherlands)]
c.1753 - 1795

Map of Culemborg
Capital: Culemborg
Population: 3,766 (1795)
Religions: Roman Catholic 47%, Dutch Reformed 42%, Old Catholic 6%, other 5% (1809)

 4 Jul 1281               
Hubert III van Bosinchem (Beusichem) is enfeoffed with a piece of
                             land, which would be known as 'Kuilenburg'. On 21 Nov 1281, the
                             Count of Gelre also recognized him in his property making him
                             the first lord of Culemborg - Lordship of Kuilenburg
                             (Heerlijkheid Culemborg).
 6 Dec 1318               
Culemborg
21 Oct 1555                County of Culemborg (Graafschap Culemborg).
1585                       Protection levies imposed by the Dutch Estates-General.
15 May 1648                Relinquished by the Holy Roman Empire by the Peace of Münster
                            (signed 15 Jan 1648), not part of any Dutch province, not
                             subject to the Dutch taxes, local ruler claims sovereignty.
30 Jun 1714 - 18 Jun 1720  Union with the Duchy of
Saxe-Hildburghausen.
18 Jun 1720 -  9 Jun 1748  Sold to Staten van het kwartier Nijmegen (States of the
                             Nijmegen Quarter) by the Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen (by
                             sale of 29 May 1720).
22 Oct 1748               
Donated to the Willem IV Karel Hendrik Friso, Prince of Orange
                             (by donation of 9 Jun 1748) of States of Nijmegen Quarter).
Jan 1795                   Occupied by France.
 2 Jun 1795                Transferred by France to the United Netherlands (by agreement of
                             27 May 1795).
 1 Mar 1796               
Annexed to the Batavian Republic (see Netherlands); from 1 Feb
                             1798, part of departement van de Rijn.

16 Mar 1815                Part of Netherlands, part of province of Gelderland.

Lords/Ladies (title Heer/Vrouwe van Culemborg)
 4 Jul 1281 - 20 Mar 1309  Hubert I                           (b. c.1240 - d. 1309)
                             (
Hubert III van Bosinchem [Beusichem])
20 Mar 1309 - Nov 1321     Jan I                              (b. c.1277 - d. 1321)
                             (Johan I van
Bosinchem [Beusichem])
Nov 1321 - 21 Jul 1347     Hubert II van Culemborg            (d. 1347)
                             (Hubert IV van Bosinchem [
Beusichem])
21 Jul 1347-c.20 May 1394  Gerard I                           (b. c.1334 - d. 1394)
c.20 May 1394-22 Aug 1422  Hubert III                         (d. c.1439)
22 Aug 1422 -  1 Apr 1452  Jan II                             (b. c.1380 - d. 1452)
 1 Apr 1452 -  9 Mar 1480  Gerard II                          (b. c.1415 - d. 1480)
 9 Mar 1480 - 21 Nov 1506  Jasper                             (b. c.1456 - d. 1506)
21 Nov 1506 -
21 Oct 1555  Elizabeth (f)                      (b. 1475 - d. 1555)
Counts/Countesses (title Graaf/Gravin van Culemborg)
21 Oct 1555 -  6 Dec 1555  Elizabeth (f)                      (s.a.)
 6 Dec 1555 - 29 Sep 1598  Floris I van Pallandt              (b. 1539 - d. 1598)
29 Sep 1598 -  4 Jun 1639  Floris II van Pallandt             (b. 1577 - d. 1639)
 4 Jun 1639 -  6 Oct 1640  Walraad IV van Waldeck-Eisenberg   (b. 1588 - d. 1640) 
 6 Oct 1640 -  7 Dec 1645  Philip Theodoor van Waldeck        (b. 1614 - d. 1645)
 7 Dec 1645 - 15 Jul 1664  Hendrik Wolrad                     (b. 1642 - d. 1664)
15 Jul 1664 -  9 Nov 1692  Georg Frederik                     (b. 1620 - d. 1692)
 9 Nov 1692 - 30 Jun 1714  Louise Anna (f)                    (b. 1653 - d. 1714)
30 Jun 1714 - 18 Jun 1720  Ernst Frederik I van Saksen-       (b. 1681 - d. 1724)
                             Hildburghausen
                            (Ernst Frederick I von Saxe-Hildburghausen)
18 Jun 1720 - 22 Oct 1748  the States of the Nijmegen Quarter
22 Oct 1748 - 16 Feb 1795  the Princes of Oranje
                           (see barons of Breda)

French garrison commander
1795                       Bertrand

First Councilors, Stewards (title Eerste Raad, Drossaard der Stad en Graafschap van Culemborg)
1738 - 1757                Jacob Pieter Balguerie
1757 - 1784                Matthias van der Lijnden
1784 - 1795                Anne Willem Straalman              (b. 1758 - d. 1824)



Groningen

[Ommelanden c.1579 -
                        1594? (Netherlands)]
Ommelanden c.1579 - 1594?

[Stad en Lande
                        17th cent. flag (Groningen, Netherlands)]
Stad en Lande 17th Cent.

[Provincial flag of
                        Groningen (Netherlands)]
Adopted 17 Feb 1950


Capital: Groningen


Population: 115,000 (1795)

Population: Dutch Reformed 86%, Roman Catholic 8%, other 6% (1809)

21 May 1040                Mentioned as 'Villa Cruoninga' when it is granted to the Bishop
                             of Utrecht by King Henry III.
21 May 1040 - 1498         Part of Utrecht.

24 May 1494                Groningen city (Stadt Groningen) exempt from foreign courts
                             (by imperial patent).
20 Mar 1495                Imperial oath avoided by payment.
16 Jul 1498 - 1506         Imperial administration (effected 1499).
1506 - 1515                Part of East Friesland (Ostfriesland).
1515 - 1536                Burgundian rule.
Aug 1536                   Lordship of Groningen (Heerlijkheid Groningen)(composed of the
                             city of Groningen, the Frisian territories of Hunsingo,
                             Fivelgo, the Oldambt,the Westerkwartier, and Saxon Westerwolde).
25 Oct 1555
- 22 Jul 1594  Spanish rule (from 1576, only in Groningen city).
1576 - 1595                Ommelanden (rural area of the province) secedes from Groningen
                             city, in rebellion against Spanish rule.
23 Jan 1579                Ommelanden adheres to the Union of Utrecht.
 2 Jul 1591                Dutch conquered Delfzijl.
22 Jul 1594                Reduction of Groningen
by Dutch forces.
23 Jul 1594                Stad en Lande province (Provincie Stad en Lande)(union of Groningen
                             city and Ommelanden).
17 Feb 1595                Stad en Lande joins the Republic of the United Netherlands as
                             the seventh province.
23 Sep 1619                Wedde and Westerwolde added to Stad en Lande.
16 May 1795                Becomes
departement Groningen.
 1 Jan 1796                Batavian departement Stad en Lande (City and
                             Land [of Groningen]).
23 Apr 1798                Abolished and merged with Friesland to from departement van de Eems
                             (see under Friesland).
19 Sep 1801                Departement Stad en Landen (City and Land [of Groningen]).
 8 May 1807                Renamed departement Groningen.
13 Jul 1810 - 20 Nov 1813  Annexed to France and united with Drenthe as département de
                             l'Ems-Occidental (departement Westereems).

1814                       Province of Groningen (Provincie Groningen).
11 May 1940 -  5 May 1945  German occupation (Groningen city liberated 17 Apr 1945).

Stadholders (title Stathouders en Kapiteins-Generaal van Groningen en Ommelanden)
1536 - 1594                the Stadtholder of Friesland
Jun 1595 - 31 May 1620     Willem Lodewijk graaf zu Nassau    (b. 1560 - d. 1620)

1620 - 23 Apr 1625         Mauritz prins van Oranje           (b. 1567 - d. 1625)
                             graaf van Nassau 
1625 -  2 Jun 1632         Ernst Kasimir graaf zu Nassau      (b. 1573 - d. 1632)

1632 - 12 Jul 1640         Hendrik Kasimir I graaf zu Nassau  (b. 1612 - d. 1640)
                             in Diez
1640 - 14 Mar 1647         Frederik Hendrik prins van Oranje  (b. 1584 - d. 1647)
                             graaf van Nassau
14 Mar 1647 -  6 Nov 1650  Willem II prins van O
ranje         (b. 1626 - d. 1650)
                             graaf van Nassau
 6 Nov 1650 - 29 Nov 1650  .... (acting)
29 Nov 1650 - 21 Oct 1664  Willem Frederik
prins zu Nassau    (b. 1613 - d. 1664)
                             in Diez
1664 - 15 Mar 1696         Hendrik Kasimir II prins zu        (b. 1657 - d. 1696)
                             Nassau in Diez
1664 - 18 Jan 1675        
Albertine Agnes von                (b. 1634 - d. 1696)
                             Nassau (f) -Regent
15 Mar 1696 - 14 Jul 1711  Johan Willem Friso prins van  
     (b. 1687 - d. 1711)
                             Oranje en Nassau             
15 Mar 1696 - 12 Aug 1707  Amalia von Anhalt (f) -Regent      (b. 1666 - d. 1726)
14 Jul 1711 - 13 Oct 1718  Vacant (authority reverted to the provincial Estates)
13 Oct 1718 - 13 May 1747  Willem IV Karel Hendrik Friso,     (b. 1711 - d. 1751)
                             prins van Oranje en Nassau
13 Oct 1718 - 1729         Marie Luise von Hessen-            (b. 1688 - d. 1765)
                             Kassel (f) -Regent
13 May 1747 - 18 Jan 1795 
the Stadholders
of Holland

Secretaries of the Estates (Staten) of Stad en Lande
[two lines from 1648]
1595 - 1601                Scato Gockinga                     (b. 1566 - d. 1641)
1601 - 1619                Wiardus Meinardi
1619 - 1625                Hindrik Schonenberg
1625 - 1626                Pieter Eissinge                    (b. 1594 - d. 1658)
1626 - 1634                Ludolf van Wierum                  (b. 1597 - d. 1635)
1635 - 1648                Johan Eeck                         (b. 1600 - d. 1663)
- Line 1 -
1648 - 1652                Gerhard ten Berge                  (b. 1615 - d. 1655)
1652 - 1666                Nicolaas Busch
1666 - 1680                Vacant?
1680 - 1694                Luderus Flugger
1694 - 1695                Frederik Alting
1695 - 1721                Johan Adolf Rappardus
1721 - 1727                Hindrik Gockinga                   (b. 1688 - d. 1727)
1727 - 1746                Arius Adriani                      (b. 1682 - d. 1746)
1746 - 1770                Paulus Wildervank
1770 - 1789                Reneke Busch Gockinga
1790 - 1795                Edzard Jacob Alberda               (b. 1768 - d. 1816)
- Line 2 -
1648 - 1674                Johannes Meinardi
1674 - 1696                Jacob Robers
1696 - 1710                Warmolt Wolthers                   (b. 1671 - d. 1712)
1710 - 1749                Lambert Beckering                  (b. 1675 - d. 1761)
1749 - 1755                Willem Laman
1755 - 1761                Bernhard Herman Gockinga
1761 - 1795                Egbert Lewe                        (b. 1743 - d. 1822)
Representanten van het volk van Stad en Lande

(Representatives of the People of City and Country
)
13 Feb 1795 - 179.         Hendrik van
Sysen                  (b. 1705 - d. 1801)
13 Feb 1795 - 179.         Wicher van Swinderen               (b. 1745 - d. 1821)
13 Feb 1795 - 179.         Louis Bothenius Lohman             (b. 1738 - d. 1807)
13 Feb 1795 - 179.         Scato Trip                         (b. 1742 - d. 1822)
13 Feb 1795 - 179.         Jan Tiddo Sickens                  (b. c.1742 - d. 1817)
13 Feb 1795 - 179.         Wolter Wolthers                    (b. 1756 - d. 1811)
13 Feb 1795 - 179.         Teunis Izaäks Hulshoff             (b. 1743 - d. 1817)
13 Feb 1795 - 179.         Johan Hora Siccama                 (b. 1738 - d. 1812)
13 Feb 1795 - 179.         Johan Adriaan Meurs                (b. 1746 - d. 1795)
13 Feb 1795 - 179.         Hermannus Kijff                    (b. 1749 - d. 1817)
13 Feb 1795 - 179.         Willem Entrup                      (b. 1739 - d. 1800)
13 Feb 1795 - 179.         Epimachus Jacobus Ignatius Cremers (b. 1766 - d. 1815)
13 Feb 1795 - 179.         Jan Tiddo Fockens                  (b. 1725 - d. 1801)
16 Feb 1795 - 179.         Evert Egbertsz. Schuiringa         (b. 1757 - d. 1814)
16 Feb 1795 - 179.         Pieter Meinderts                   (b. 1754 - d. 1799)
16 Feb 1795 - 179.         Jan Pieters Nienhuis               (b. c.1733 - d. 1810)
16 Feb 1795 - 179.         Jannes Hindriks Bolhuis            (b. 1733 - d. 1823)
16 Feb 1795 - 179.         Jan Cornelisz. Kooi                (b. 1755 - d. 1830)
16 Feb 1795 - 179.         Johannes Wybes de Vries            (b. 1763 - d. 1836)
16 Feb 1795 - 179.         Onno Hartsema                      (b. 1745 - d. 1833)
16 Feb 1795 - 179.         Klaas Jans de Waard                (b. 1756 - d. 1819)
16 Feb 1795 - 179.         David Hartsema                     (b. 1731 - d. 1807)
16 Feb 1795 - 179.         Berent Pieters                     (b. c.1755 - d. ...)
16 Feb 1795 - 179.         Lue Tammes Huizinga                (b. 1744 - d. 1806)
16 Feb 1795 - 179.         Tymen Warndersz. Bosscher          (b. 1749 - d. 1822)
16 Feb 1795 - 179.         Martinus Johannes Verkade          (b. 1747 - d. 1808)
16 Feb 1795 - 179.         Geert Reinders                     (b. 1737 - d. 1815)
16 Feb 1795 - 179.         Evert Edzes 
Nienhuis               (b. 1750 - d. 1827)
16 Feb 1795 - 179.         Jacob Eisses van Kampen            (b. c.1745 - d. 1806)
16 Feb 1795 - 179.         Reinder Elema                      (b. 1764 - d. 1830)
16 Feb 1795 - 179.         Enno Rijpma                        (b. 1746 - d. 1806)
17 Feb 1795 - 179.        
Herman Tjassens                    (b. 1735 - d. 1809)
22 Apr 1795 - 179.        
Marten Aedsges Teenstra            (b. 1742 - d. 1806)
22 Apr 1795 - 179.         Claas Thomas                       (b. 1748 - d. 1808)
22 Apr 1795 - 179.         Gerard Jacob George Bacot          (b. 1743 - d. 1822)
22 Apr 1795 - 179.         Everhardus Ducellié                (b. 1745 - d. 1817)
22 Apr 1795 - 179.         Tjaart Rykels                      (b. c.1751 - d. 1811)
22 Apr 1795 - 179.         Derk Aljes Bonthuis                (b. 1752 - d. 1818)
22 Apr 1795 - 179.         Claas Jans                         (b. c.1728 - d. 1803)
22 Apr 1795 - 179.         Wybe Derks                         (b. c.1742 - d. 1807)
22 Apr 1795 - 179.         Hermanus ten Cate                  (b. 1746 - d. 1838)
22 Apr 1795 - 179.         Luitje Luurts                      (b. 1740 - d. 1798)
22 Apr 1795 - 179.         Jacob Cornelisz. Boelens           (b. 1752 - d. 1808)
22 Apr 1795 - 179.         Johannes Ernestus Winter           (b. 1751 - d. 1841)
22 Apr 1795 - 179.         Aeilko Abels                       (b. 1732 - d. 1810)
22 Apr 1795 - 179.         Bernardus Wilhelmus Hoffman        (b. 1758 - d. 1816)
30 Jul 1795 - 179.         Cornelis de Cock                   (b. c.1735 - d. c.1810)
30 Jul 1795 - 179.         Coppius Metting van Bolhuis        (b. 1740 - d. 1810)
30 Jul 1795 - 179.         Albert Pieter Driessen             (b. 1751 - d. 1826)
30 Jul 1795 - 179.         Gulbartus van Idsinga              (b. 1756 - d. 1799)
30 Jul 1795 - 179.         Tammo Adriaan ten Berge            (b. 1756 - d. 1830)
30 Jul 1795 - 179.         Izaäk Busch                        (b. 1739 - d. 1812)
30 Jul 1795 - 179.         Antonius van Peer                  (b. 1760 - d. 1826)
30 Jul 1795 - 179.         Warmolt Wolthers Jullens           (b. 1753 - d. 1819)
 4 Sep 1795 - 179.         Jacob Reinders Frima               (b. 1748 - d. 1823)
 4 Sep 1795 - 179.         Gerrit Mulder                      (b. 1743 - d. 1803)
 4 Sep 1795 - 179.         Hendrik Jan Verschuur              (b. 1745 - d. 1804)
 4 Nov 1795 - 179.         Jacob Siemens Heemstra             (b. 1762 - d. 1827)
 4 Nov 1795 - 179.         Tijmen Jeltes Dijkstra             (b. 1739 - d. 1849)
 4 Nov 1795 - 179.         Ayolt Jan Muntinghe                (b. 1762 - d. 1808)
 4 Nov 1795 - 179.         Habbe Ottes                        (b. 1755 - d. 1831)
 4 Nov 1795 - 179.         Johannes Dekens
 4 Nov 1795 - 179.         Hemmo Wilhelmus Hemmes             (b. 1757 - d. 1832)
10 Nov 1795 - 179.         Lambertus van Oostbroek            (b. 1742 - d. 1800)
13 Nov 1795 - 179.         Wybe Wouters                       (b. 1762 - d. 1826)
18 Nov 1795 - 179.         Gerrit van Olst                    (b. c.1733 - d. c.1807)
29 Dec 1795 - 179.         Eerhardus de Graave                (b. 1765 - d. 1808)
Intermediair Administratief Bestuur van Groningen
179. - 13 Feb 1798         ....
13 Feb 1798 - 30 Mar 1799
 E. Post
13 Feb 1798 - 25 Jun 1798  N.P. Barends
13 Feb 1798 - 25 Jun 1798  Evert Abbring                      (b. 1757 - d. 1842)
13 Feb 1798 - 25 Jun 1798  B. van Olst
13 Feb 1798 - 25 Jun 1798  H.C.C. Dronrijp
13 Feb 1798 - 25 Jun 1798  A. Löwenstein
13 Feb 1798 - 30 Mar 1799  Johannes Dekens
13 Feb 1798 - 30 Mar 1799  C. Reinders
13 Feb 1798 - 26 Jun 1798  J.D. Cremer
13 Feb 1798 - 25 Jun 1798  H. Braam
13 Feb 1798 - 25 Jun 1798  Johannes Ernestus Winter           (b. 1751 - d. 1841)
13 Feb 1798 - 25 Jun 1798  Theodorus Fredericus Schelts       (b. 1741 - d. 1812)
25 Jun 1798 - 30 Mar 1799  Louis Bothenius
Lohman             (b. 1738 - d. 1807)
25 Jun 1798 - 30 Mar 1799  Teunis Izaäks Hulshoff             (s.a.)
25 Jun 1798 - 30 Mar 1799  Johan Herman Geertsema             (b. 1755 - d. 1837)
25 Jun 1798 - 30 Mar 1799  Campegius Hermannus Gockinga       (b. 1748 - d. 1823)
25 Jun 1798 - 31 Jul 1798  Jacob Thomas                       (b. 1737 - d. 1803)
25 Jun 1798 - 30 Mar 1799  Hendrik Nicolaas la Clé            (b. 1742 - d. 1816)
25 Jun 1798 - 30 Mar 1799  Jan Tiddo Fockens                  (s.a.)
25 Jun 1798 - 30 Mar 1799  C. Star Lichtenvoord
 9 Nov 1798 - Mar 1799     Joost Jarges                       (b. 1760 - d. 1845)
25 Jun 1798 - Mar? 1799    Jan Geertsema van Wijchgel         (b. 1758 - d. 1820)

Departementaal Bestuur van de Eems
20 Dec 1798 - 21 Jun 1802  see Friesland                 
Commissarissen van het uitvoerend bewind (Commissioners of the executive power) 
16 Mar 1799 - Jul 1799     Gulbertus van Idsinga              (b. 1756 - d. 1799)
22 Jul 1799 - 21 Jun 1802  Hendrik Nicolaas la Clé            (s.a.)

Departementaal Bestuur van Groningen

 4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Louis Bothenius
Lohman             (s.a.)
 4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Edzard Jacob Alberda van           (b. 1768 - d. 1816)
                             Bloemersma

 4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Duco Gerrold Rengers van Farmsum   (b. 1750 - d. 1810)
 4 Jun 1802 - May 1807     Jan Geertsema van Wijchgel         (s.a.)
 4 Jun 1802 - May 1807     Joost Jarges                       (s.a.)
 4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Johan Hora Siccama                 (b. 1738 - d. 1812)
 4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Johan Wichers                      (b. 1740 - d. 1818)
 4 Jun 1802 - Feb 1804     Evert Joost Lewe van Aduard        (b. 1743 - d. 1804)
 4 Jun 1802 - May 1807     Samuel Wolters Tjassens            (b. 1739 - d. 1814)
 4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Hendrik Nicolaas la Clé            (s.a.)
 4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Hendrik de Sandra Veldtman         (b. 1756 - d. 1816)
 4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Pieter Willem Tichelaar            (b. 1753 - d. 1806)
29 Apr 1803 -  1 Aug 1805  Balthazar Daniël van 
Idsinga       (b. 1745 - d. 1818)
14 Jun 1803 - May 1807     Hendrik 
Guichart                   (b. 1750 - d. 1837)
19 Jul 1805 - May 1807     Egbert 
Lewe van Middelstum         (b. 1743 - d. 1822)
19 Jul 1805 - May 1807     Campegius Hermannus 
Gockinga       (s.a.)
Landdrost
 8 May 1807 -  1 Mar 1811  Hendrik Ludolf Wichers             (b. 1747 - d. 1840)
Prefects of Ems-Occidental
 1 Mar 1811 - 12 Mar 1813  Hendrik Ludolf Wichers             (s.a.) 
12 Mar 1813 - Dec 1813     Claude-Auguste Petit baron de      (b. 1748 - d. 1819)
                             Beauverger
Commissioners-general
 3 Dec 1813 - 20 Sep 1814  Egbert Lewe van Middelstum         (b. 1743 - d. 1822)
                           + Edzard Jacob Alberda van        
(b. 1768 - d. 1816)
                               Bloemersma
Governors
28 Apr 1814 - 13 Feb 1830  Gustaaf Willem baron van Imhoff    (b. 1767 - d. 1830)
14 Jun 1830 -  1 Aug 1850  Willem Frederik Lodewijk baron     (b. 1789 - d. 1859)  Org
                             Rengers
Commissioners of the King/Queen
 1 Sep 1850 -  1 Jan 1853  Louis Gaspard Adrien graaf van     (b. 1802 - d. 1884)  Lib
                             Limburg Stirum
18 Jan 1853 -  9 Aug 1867  Isaäc Antoni Soetens van Roijen    (b. 1800 - d. 1868)  Lib
 9 Aug 1867 -  2 Nov 1882  Louis graaf van Heiden Reinestein  (b. 1809 - d. 1882)  Con
 1 Jan 1883 -  9 Dec 1892  Johan Aemilius Abraham van Panhuys (b. 1836 - d. 1907)  Ind
 9 Dec 1892 -  1 Oct 1917  Carel Coenraad Geertsema           (b. 1843 - d. 1928)  Lib
 1 Oct 1917 -  1 Jun 1925  Jonkheer Edzard Tjarda van         (b. 1859 - d. 1936)  Lib
                             Starkenborgh Stachouwer
 1 Jun 1925 -  1 Nov 1933  Jonkheer Alidius Warmoldus         (b. 1888 - d. 1978)  Lib
                             Lambertus Tjarda van Starkenborgh
                             Stachouwer 

 1 Dec 1933 -  1 Apr 1937  Joachim Fockema Andreae            (b. 1879 - d. 1949)  Lib
 1 Jun 1937 - 31 Jul 1940  Johannes Linthorst Homan           (b. 1903 - d. 1986)  LSP
Commissioners of the Province
 1 Aug 1940 -  9 Aug 1941  Johannes Linthorst Homan           (s.a.)               LSP
11 Aug 1941 -  1 Mar 1942  Edzo Hommes Ebels (acting)         (b. 1889 - d. 1970)  LSP
 1 Mar 1942 -  5 May 1945  Christiaan Frederik Staargaard     (b. 1885 - d. 1851)  NSB
Representative of the Reichskommissar for the Province of Groningen
(Beauftragte des Reichskommissars für die Provinz Groningen)

 7 Jun 1940 - May 1945     Hermann Conring                    (b. 1894 - d. 1989)  NSDAP
Commissioners of the King/Queen
 5 May 1945 -  1 Jul 1954  Edzo Hommes Ebels                  (s.a.)             PvdV:1948 VVD
                             (acting to 1 Dec 1945)
 1 Jul 1954 - 24 Nov 1961  Willem Augustijn Offerhaus         (b. 1897 - d. 1961)  VVD

 1 Apr 1962 -  1 Feb 1970  Cornelis "Cees" Laurens Willem     (b. 1905 - d. 1999)  VVD
                             Fock
 1 Feb 1970 -  1 Nov 1980  Edzo Hendrik Toxopeus              (b. 1918 - d. 2009)  VVD
16 Dec 1980 -  1 Jul 1996  Hendrik "Henk" Johan Lubbert       (b. 1931 - d. 2010)  VVD
                             Vonhoff
 1 Sep 1996 -  1 Jul 2007  Johannes "Hans" Gerardus Maria     (b. 1952)            PvdA
                             Alders
 1 Sep 2007 -  1 Apr 2016  Margrietus "Ma
x" Johannes van den  (b. 1946)            PvdA
                             Berg
18 Apr 2016 -              Frederik Johannes "René" Paas      (b. 1966)            CDA


Westerwolde and Wedde

1316                       Saxon self-governing land of Westerwolde signs an alliance with
                             the Bishop of Münster and becoming a de facto possession of
                             M
ünster.
13..                       Adde I Addinga made Lord of Westerwolde under the overlordship
                             of Münster.
1401 - 1401                
Brief occupation by city of Groningen.     
1478                       Westerwolde occupied by the city of Groningen.
 1 Apr 1482                Westerwolde is leased to the city of Groningen by the Bishop of
                             Münster.
1498                       Groningen returns Westerwolde to Münster.     
1530                       Occupation of Westerwolde by Gelre; de facto end of the rule of the
                             Bishops of Münster and of the Addinga lords.
1533                       Duke of Gelre grants Westerwolde as a fief to Lady Bawyne van
                             Heemstra.
22 Sep 1536                Westerwolde occupied by Habsburg troops and becomes part of the
                             Habsburg Netherlands; de jure end of the rule of Gelre, Münster
                             and the Addinga family.
25 Aug 1538                Habsburg Stadholder of Groningen, Georg Schenck von Tautenburg,
                             is made Lord of Westerwolde by Emperor Charles V.
25 Oct 1555                Along with the other Habsburg possessions in the Netherlands,
                             
Westerwolde is transferred to the Spanish branch.
18 Oct 1593                After years of war, Westerwolde is definitively occupied by troops
                             of the Dutch Republic. It is not annexed to province of Stad
                             en Lande but organized as a Generaliteitsland (Generality Land)
                             under the Staten-Generaal.
20 May 1617                Anne van Croÿ sells Westerwolde to merchant Willem van den Hove
21 Jun 1619                Unable to pay the agreed sum, Willem van den Hove sold Westerwolde
                             to the city of Groningen.
23 Sep 1619                Groningen takes possession of Westerwolde.
23 Sep 1619 - 23 Apr 1798  Owned by the city of Groningen, a part of the province of Stad
                             en Lande (see
Groningen).
1672 - 1672                Briefly occupied by Münster.
1795                       Westerwolde came under the authority of the new revolutionary and
                             provisional administrations of the province Stad en Lande. For
                             the time being it remained under the town of Groningen, keeping
                             its traditional administration headed by the Drost (bailiff).
23 Apr 1798                Westerwolde part of the
departement van de Eems (see Friesland).
16 Mar 1815                Part of province of Groningen.  

Lords/Owners
13.. - 13..                Adde I Addinga
13.. - 1391                Egge I                             (d. 1391)    

 4 Jun 1391 - bf.1400      Ade II      

 4 Jun 1391 - ...          Boele     

bf.4 Jun 1391 - bf.1443    Hayo I                             (d. bf.1443)

                             (imprisoned by Groningen 1401-08)
bf.
4 Jun 1443-21 Apr 1475  Egge II                            (d. 1475)  
1476 - 30 Mar 1492
        Hayo II (expelled 1478-86)         (d. 1492)
Mar 1492 - 1525            Jurgen                             (b. c.1490 - d. 1525)       
1525 - 1530                Hayo III                           (d. 1540)

1533 -
22 Sep 1536         Bawyne van Heemstra (f)            (d. 1540)
25 Aug 1538 -  2 Feb 1540  Georg Schenck von Tautenburg       (b. 1480 - d. 1540)
 2 Feb 1540 - 28 Feb 1561  Karel Schenk van Tautenburg
       (b. 1527 - d. 1571)
28 Feb 1561 - 23 May 1568  
Jean de Ligne Graf von Arenberg    (b. c.1525 – d. 1568)
23 May 1568 - 18 Jan 1616 
Charles de Ligne Graf von Arenberg (b. 1550 - d. 1616)
18 Jan 1616 - 20 May 1617  Anne van Croÿ (f)                  (b. 1564 - d. 1635)
20 May 1617 - 23 Sep 1619  Willem van den Hove
               (b. 1568 - d. 1647)

Drosten
(Bailiffs)

- under Guelre -
1530 - 1532                Berend van Hackfort                (b. c.1475 - d. 1557)
1532 - 1536                Jurgen van Munster 
- under the Habsburgs and Spain -
1536 - 1539                Reynolt van Burmania
1539 - 1566                Hans Hesse
1566 - 1594                Matthias Ort 
- under the Dutch -
1594 - 1606                Jacob Entens
1606 - 1634                Edzard Rengers van ten Post 
      (b. 1578 - d. 1652)
                             heer van Tuinga en Oldenhuis  
1634 - 1652                Johan Coenders                     (b. 1598 - d. 1664)
 6 Sep 1652 - 1656         Gerard Gruys
10 Feb 1656 - 1670         Johan Verrutius
15 Feb 1670 - 1709         Berent Aldringa "de oudere"        (b. c.1635 - d. 1709)      
1709 - 1745                Berent Aldringa "de jongere"       (d. 1745)
1745 - 1749                Petrus Muntinghe (1st time)        (b. 1713 - d. 1777)
1749 - 1754                Rudolf de Mepsche van Haan
        (b. 1695 - d. 1754)
                             heer van Haan            
1755 - 1777                Petrus Muntinghe (2nd time)        (s.a.)
1777 - 1805                Albert Hendrik van Swinderen       (b. 1720 - d. 1805)
1805 - 1810                Willem de Sitter                   (b. 1750 - d. 1827)


Holland: see under Noord-Holland



Limburg
 
[Flag Duchy of
                        Limburg 1815-1886]
1815 - 1886 Limburg Historic Flag
[Provincial flag of
                        Limburg (Netherlands)]
Adopted 28 Jul 1953
Capital: Maastricht
Population: 60,000 (1795, est.; Limburg of the States,
including Maastricht)

Religions: RomanCatholic 99%, other 1% (1809)

1632                       Limburg of the States/Staats-Limburg (informal overall term),
                            
covering Staats-Overmaas or the "Lands beyond the Meuse" (Landen
                             van
Overmaze) and the United Netherlands' share of the city of
                             Maastricht; administered by the Staten-Generaal as a Generality
                             Land, subject to the Council of Brabant in The  Hague (see under
                             the Brabant of the States).

15 May 1648                Relinquished by the Holy Roman Empire to the sovereignty of the
                             United Netherlands by the Peace of Münster (signed 15 Jan 1648).
Jun 1673 - Aug 1678        French occupation.
Nov 1794                   France forms the area into the
département Meuse-Inférieure.
                             The department is formed by the merger of: part of Staats-Brabant
                             (the so-called Villages of Redemption); the so-called Landen van
                             Overmaze/
Lands beyond the Meuse
(Dalhem, 's-Hertogenrade and
                             Valkenburg); Staats-Opper-Gelderland;
the City of Maastricht
                             (a Netherlands/Liège condominium);
possessions of the Principality
                             of Liège (such as the County of
Horn, the County of Loon, the
                             Abbey of Munsterbilzen, etc.);
and a multitude of minor free
                             Imperial territories, the most
important of which was the Abbey
                             of Thorn.

 1 Oct 1795 - 20 Nov 1813  Annexed to France (as département Meuse-Inférieure [Lower Meuse]
                             [departement van de Nedermaas][see Belgium]; French rule ends
                             24 Jan 1814).

13 Jan 1814 -  5 May 1814  Allied siege of Maastricht (French surrender Maastrricht 5 May 1814,
                             and Venlo 8 May 1814).
 1 Aug 1814                A commissioner of the realm of The Netherlands installed for 

                             the left bank of Meuse River.
25 Aug 1815                Netherlands Province of Limburg established by the merger
                             of several territories that had been part of France from
                             1795 to 1814 (département Meuse-Inférieure).
 4 Oct 1830                Administration by Belgium established (except in Maastricht).
19 Apr 1839                Final Act of the London Conference divides the province:
                             part becomes Belgian, the rest becomes the Duchy of Limburg,
                             in personal union with the Kingdom of the Netherlands (This polity
                             is not a successor polity to the pre-1792 Duchy of Limburg
                             [Duché de Limbourg/Hertogdom Limburg]).
 5 Sep 1839                Duchy of Limburg accepted as a member state of the
                             German Confederation.
11 May 1867                Following the dissolution of the German Confederation,
                             Limburg is incorporated into the Kingdom of the Netherlands as
                             Province of Limburg (Provincie Limburg);
Hertogdom Limburg
                             continues in some official use to 1906,
while the style Hertog
                             van Limburg
remains incorporated (tacitly, as part of enz., enz.,
                             enz.
) into the royal style.
Feb 1907                   Use of the style Duchy of Limburg officially ends.
14 May 1940 - 12 Sep 1944  German occupation.
12 Sep 1944                Allied liberation.

12 Sep 1944 -  3 Mar 1945  Area north of north of Vlodrop on the eastern side of the Maas
                             River remains under German occupation and it is administratively
                             attached to Germany.

High Bailiffs of Brabant (Brabants Hoogschouten) in Maastricht
(Dutch resident administrators for the share of Maastricht and Lands beyond the Meuse)
bf.1641 – 1662             Johan Groulart                     (d. 1662)
c.1664                     Steven Groulart                    (d. 1702?)
c.1674                     Jacques Ophoven (appointed by France)
1693 - 1708                Eusebius Burkard baron van Bentinck(b. 1643 – d. 1710)
1708 - 1734                Hendrik Adolf baron van Bentinck   (b. 1678 - d. 1734)
1734 - 1754                Frederik Willem van Torck          (b. 1692 - d. 1761)
1754 - 1793                Asserus Jan van Torck              (b. 1733 - d. 1793)
1793 - 1794                Willem Anne baron van Spaen la Lecq(b. 1750 - d. 1817)
Commissioner of Arrondissement de Maestricht

30 Oct 1794 - 1795         Charles Clément Roemers            (b. 1748 - d. 1838)
Commissioners-general of Maastricht and Landen van Overmaze
24 Jan 1814 -  1 Jan 1815  Christian Diderik Emerens Bangeman (b. 1772 - d. 1857)
                             Huygens
24 Jan 1814 -  3 Apr 1814  Joannes "Jan" Baldewijn Josephus   (b. 1776 - d. 1850)
                             Hendrik Otto Anton, baron van
                             Hugenpoth tot den Berenclaauw

10 Mar 1814 -  1 Jan 1815  Bernardus Johannes Vrijthoff       (b. 1769 - d. 1848)  
Commissioner of the Realm of The Netherlands
 1 Aug 1814 - 1815         Johan Antoon Christiaan van        (b. 1768 - d. 1835) 
                             Panhuys (= Jean Antoine Chrétien Van Panhuys)              
Governors¹
16 Sep 1815 -  1 Sep 1828  Charles de Brouckère               (b. 1757 - d. 1830)  Org
 1 Sep 1828 - 1831         Maximilien baron de Beeckman de    (b. 1781 - d. 1834)
                             Libersart
 8 Apr 1831 - 27 Apr 1831  Pierre André Servais Kerèns        (b. 1780 - d. 1862)  Org
                             (acting)
27 Apr 1831 - 12 Jun 1839  Johan Eberhard Paul Ernst Gericke  (b. 1785 - d. 1845)
                             van Herwijnen 
                            (buitengewoon commissaris)
12 Jun 1839 - 12 Jan 1841  Johan Eberhard Paul Ernst Gericke  (s.a.)
                             van Herwijnen 
                           + Anton Joseph Lambert Borret      (b. 1782 - d. 1858)  Con
                           (commissarissen voor de wederinbezitneming)
12 Jan 1841 - 19 Nov 1845  Johan Eberhard Paul Ernst Gericke  (s.a.)
                             van Herwijnen 
23 Dec 1845 - 19 Jan 1846  Pieter Daniël Eugenius MacPherson  (b. 1792 - d. 1846)
 1 Mar 1846 - 31 Jul 1850  Jonkheer Eduardus Johannes Petrus  (b. 1802 - d. 1873)  Lib
                             van Meeuwen 
Commissioners of the King/Queen¹
 1 Aug 1850 - 10 Sep 1856  Jonkheer Eduardus Johannes Petrus  (s.a.)               Lib
                             van Meeuwen 
 1 Oct 1856 - 27 Aug 1874  Pieter Joseph "Joseph" August      (b. 1816 - d. 1892)  Lib
                             Marie van der Does de Willebois 
 1 Nov 1874 -  1 Nov 1893  Jonkheer Eduard Joseph Corneille   (b. 1817 - d. 1893)  Con
                             Marie de Kuyper
 1 Nov 1893 - 16 May 1918  Jonkheer Gustave Louis Marie Hubert(b. 1842 - d. 1926)  Con
                             Ruijs van Beerenbroek 
                            (from 21 Mar 1895, Jonkheer Gustave Louis
                            
Marie Hubert Ruijs de Beerenbrouck) 
16 May 1918 -  8 Sep 1918  Jonkheer Charles Joseph Marie      (b. 1873 - d. 1936)  AB
                             Ruijs de Beerenbrouck
 1 Nov 1918 - 12 Feb 1936  Eduard Otto Joseph Maria baron     (b. 1877 - d. 1936)  RKSP
                             van Hövell tot Westerflier 
 1 Jun 1936 -  1 Aug 1940  Willem Georges Alphonse van        (b. 1877 - d. 1969)  RKSP
                             Sonsbeeck (1st time)
Commissioners of Province
 1 Aug 1940 -  5 Feb 1941  Willem Georges Alphonse van        (s.a.)               RKSP
                             Sonsbeeck 
Feb 1941 -  6 Sep 1944     Maximilien "Max" Victor Eugène     (b. 1894 - d. 1975)  NSB
                             Hubert Joseph Marie graaf de 
                             Marchant et d'Ansembourg 
Representative of the Reichskommissar for the Province of Limburg
(Beauftragten des Reichskommissars für die Provinz Limburg)

 2 Jun 1940 - 26 Jul 1940  Alfred Weber                                            NSDAP
26 Jul 1940 - 15 Nov 1944  Wilhelm Schmidt                    (b. 1898 - d. 1945)  NSDAP 
 9 Sep 1944 - Mar 1945     Friedrich Frank Florian            (b. 1894 - d. 1975)  NSDAP
                           + Georg Fritz Sclessmann           (b. 1899 - d. 1964)  NSDAP
                           (administrators of
North Limburg)
Commissioners of the King/Queen¹
14 Sep 1944 -  1 Jan 1947  Willem Georges Alphonse van        (s.a.)             RKSP;1945 KVP
                             Sonsbeeck (2nd time)
1944 - 1945                Rutger Hendrik van Basten Batenburg(b. 1887 - d. 1973)
                             (plenipotentiary of Commissioner of the Queen for North Limburg)
 1 Jan 1947 -  1 Jan 1964  François Joseph Marie Anne Hubert  (b. 1898 - d. 1976)  KVP

                             Houben
 1 Jan 1964 -  1 Feb 1978  Charles Joan Marie Adriaan van Rooy(b. 1912 - d. 1996)  KVP
 1 Feb 1978 - 16 May 1990  Johan "Sjeng" Kremers              (b. 1933)           KVP;1980 CDA
29 Jun 1990 -  1 Jul 1993  Emile "Emiel" Maria Mastenbroek    (b. 1930 - d. 2005)  CDA
 1 Jul 1993 -  1 Jul 2005  Berend Jan Marie baron van Voorst  (b. 1944 - d. 2023)  CDA
                             tot Voorst
 1 Jul 2005 -  1 Oct 2011  Leonardus "Léon" Johannes Petrus   (b. 1950)            CDA
                             Maria Frissen
 1 Oct 2011 - 19 Apr 2021  Theodorus "T
heo" Bovens            (b. 1959)            CDA
19 Apr 2021 -  1 Dec 2021  Johannes "Johan" Wijnandus Remkes  (b. 1951)            VVD
                             (acting)
 1 Dec 2021 -              Emile Gerardus Maria Roemer        (b. 1962)            SP    

 ¹Despite the fact that the style of Commissaris van de Koning/Koningin (Commissioners of the King/Queen) was formally also introduced in Limburg in 1850, the ancient style of Governor continued - and still continues to be very commonly used, even in official documents, partly
as a consequence of the special position of Limburg in 1839-1867 and partly also as a Limburgian particularism.


Maastricht Condominium 

Capital: Maastricht
Population: 18,000 (1795)
Religions: Roman Catholic 96%, Dutch Reformed 4% (1809)
Note: Until the French conquest the territory of the town was divided into four different administrations, acting independently of each other: (A) the Dutch fortress; (B) the City of Maastricht; (C) the Chapter of the Church of Sint Servaas; (D) the Chapter of the Church of Onze Lieve Vrouw: Church founded c.1000 (which was a dependency of the Prince-Bishop of Liège) - Territory: in the city - the Church, the surrounding streets and buildings. Outside the city - the village of Bemelen, Not part of the condominium; (E) The Lordship of Sint Pieter, the village - later (small) town - of Sint Pieter was a possession of the Prince-Bishops of Liège. In 1515/17 part of its territory was annexed to the city of Maastricht. But both parts of it (inside and outside the city walls) remained a separate polity until the French conquest, not part of the condominium; (F) and the Lordship and Court of Vroenhof (the villages of Wilre, Heukelom en Montenaken) given by the emperor to the Dukes of Brabant as a separate dependency in 1204. As the territory of the city of Maastricht expanded part of Vroenhof was included within its city walls between 1300-1350, like Sint Pieter it remained a separate polity until the French conquest, the part within the city walls however was under the supervision of the Brabant-Liège condominium. D to F had negligible territory and a full list of these rulers is currently unavailable. 
 
1174 - 1193                Maastricht given to the Bishop of Liège by Emperor Frederick
                             Barbarossa.
1193                       The elect of Liège, Simon of Limburg, cedes half of the city to
                             Emperor Henry VI.
Sep 1202                   Henry I Duke of Brabant, manages to obtain Maastricht from King
                             Otto IV as a loan.
1204                       The Holy Roman Emperor, Philip of Swabia, grants Maastricht to the
                             Duke of Brabant Henri I, in fief. This donation is contested
                             by the Bishops of Liège.
Nov/Dec 1204               Siege of Maastricht by Hugues de Pierrepont, Prince-Bishop of Liège
                             and Louis II, Count of Loon (Looz).
1220                       Charte-loi de Maastricht confirmed by Hugues Bishop of Liège and
                             Henry I Duke of Brabant.
1267 - 1269                Prince-Bishop of Liège, Henry of Guelders, takes advantage of the
                             confusion in Brabant and occupies Maastricht.
1284                       Charter (Adle Caerte) between Brabant and Liège establishes the
                             respective rights of the two rulers in the city of Maastricht.
                             Maastricht becomes a neutral territory under joint condominium
                             (administration is set up with two mayors: one Brabants, one
                             Liègeois - two Commissarissen-Deciseurs/Commissaires-Déciseurs to
                             represent the governing states). All decisions were made in common
                             according to the saying "Een Heer, Geen Heer/Twee Heren, Een
                             Heer" ('One Lord, No Lord/Two Lords, One Lord').
1297                       New Convention signed between the rulers by arbitration of the Duke
                             of Luxembourg.
 9 Sep 1356                New charter (Doghter Caerte).
1372                       Edict of the co-rulers (and new charter follows in 1379).
 4 Nov 1576                Sack of Maastricht by Spanish troops and German mercenaries.
12 Mar 1579 -  1 Jul 1579  Spanish siege of Maastricht.
 9 Jun 1632 - 22 Aug 1632  Dutch siege of Maastricht.
23 Aug 1632                Dutch conquest of Maastricht. The Staten Generaal assume the 
                             rights of the Dukes of Brabant and annexes the fortress; part
                             of Limburg of the States, a Generality Land.
15 May 1648                Relinquished by the Holy Roman Empire to the sovereignty of the
                             United Netherlands by the Peace of Münster (signed 15 Jan 1648).
1664                       The separate status of Maastricht under Dutch-Liègeois condominium
                             confirmed.
13 Jun 1673 - 30 Jun 1673  French siege of Maastricht.
30 Jun 1673 - 10 Aug 1678  French occupation.
 7 May 1748 -  3 Feb 1749  French occupation.
 6 Feb 1793 -  2 Mar 1793  French failed siege of Maastricht.
22 Sep 1794 -  4 Nov 1794  French siege of Maastricht (Maastricht fort surrenders 4 Nov 1794)
 4 Nov 1794                French occupation of Maastricht. All traditional polities abolished
                             and area subjected to the "Administration Centrale de Aix la
                             Chapelle."
1794                       Arrondissement provisional of Maastricht, formed from condominium
                             of Maastricht and Outremeuse (Dutch territories ceded to France).
16 May 1795 - 20 Nov 1813  Annexed to France; part of the département Meuse-Inférieure 
                             (see under Belgium).
1796                       Suppression of the monasteries and religious chapters in Maastricht.
18 Jan 1814 -  5 May 1814  Allied blockade of French fortified Maastricht.
 5 May 1814                Incorporated into The Netherlands, part of Limburg (formally submits
                            to Prince of Orange 1 Aug 1814, by Treaty of 30 May 1814).
(A) Dutch Fortress of Maastricht

Military Governors of Maastricht
Apr 1567 - 1567            Gilles van Berlaymont heer van     (b. c.1540 - d. 1579)
                             Hierges
1567 -  7 Jun 1568         Philipp graaf von Eberstein        (b. 1523 - d. 1589) 
 
9 Jul 1568 - 1568         Sancho de Londoño (Spain)          (b. 1515? - d. 1569)
29 Sep 1568 - 1569         Bernard van Schauwenburg           (d. 1576)
15 Sep 1569 - 28 Apr 1577  Francisco de Montesdoca (1st time) (b. 1516 - d. 1597)
                             (Spain)
Apr 1577 - Aug 1577        Arnold II Huyn van Amstenrade      (b. c.1525 - d. 1579)
                             heer van Geleen
1577                       Johan IV Corsselaar van Wittem     (b. c.1550 - d. 1588)
1577 - Apr 1578            Johan IX van Merode heer van       (b. 1535 - d. 1601)    
                             Pietersheim 
Apr 1578 - Sep 1578        Willem van Horne heer van Heze     (b. c.1556 - d. 1580)
Sep 1578 - Jul 1579        Melchior von Schwarzenberg         (b. c.1536 - d. 1579)
1579 - 1580                Francisco de Montesdoca (2nd time) (s.a.)
                             (Spain)
16 Mar 1580 - 1590         Adrien Gomicourt, heer van Cunchy, (d. 1596)
                             Lignereule en Mazières

1590 - 1616                Antoine de Grenet, seigneur        (b. c.1560 - d. 1619)
                             de Werpe 
1616 - 1632                Claude de Lannoy, comte de         (b. 1578 - d. 1643)
                             la Motterie (Spain)
1632 - 22 Aug 1632         Willem Bette baron van Lede        (b. c.1600 - d. 1658)

1632 - 1641                Frédéric-Maurice de La Tour        (b. 1605 - d. 1652)
                             d'Auvergne, duc de Bouillon 
1641 - 23 Sep 1648         Johann Albrecht II Graf von Solms- (b. 1599 - d. 1648)
                             Braunfels 
1648 - 27 Jan 1673         Friedrich I Magnus Rheingraf von   (b. 1607 - d. 1673)
                             Salm-Neuwiller                 
28 Jan 1673 - 30 Jun 1673  Jacques de Fariaux,                (b. 1627 - d. 1695)
                             vicomte de Maulde (acting)
Jul 1673 - 1676            Godefroy d'Estrades                (b. 1607 - d. 1686)
                             (French governor)
Jul 1676 - Nov 1678        Jean Salvador de Calvo             (b. 1625 - d. 1690)
                             (French governor)
1679 - 19 Nov 1692         Georg Friedrich Graf von Waldeck-
 (b. 1620 - d. 1692)
                             Pyrmont und von Culemburg      
1693 - 1700                Johann-Adolf Herzog von Holstein-  (b. 1634 - d. 1704)
                             Sonderburg-Plön                           
1700 - 15 Apr 1718         Daniël Wolff baron van Dopff       (b. 1655 - d. 1718) 
1718 - 10 Apr 1723         Claude Fréderic t'Serclaes,        (b. 1648 - d. 1723)
                             graaf de Tilly           
31 May 1723 - Jul 1747     Wilhelm VIII Landgraf von Hessen-  (b. 1682 - d. 1760)
                             Kassel
1747 -  7 May 1748         Hobbe baron van Aylva (1st time)   (b. 1696 - d. 1772)
                             (acting to 5 May 1748)
 7 May 1748 -  3 Feb 1749  Maurice, comte de Courten          (b. 1693 - d. 1766) 
                             (French governor)
26 Mar 1749 - 15 Dec 1772  Hobbe baron van Aylva (2nd time)   (s.a.)
 
5 Jan 1773 - Nov 1784     Karl Christian Fürst von Nassau-   (b. 1735 - d. 1788) 
                             Weilburg                      
 2 Dec 1784 -  4 Nov 1794  Prinz Friedrich von Hessen-Kassel  (b. 1747 - d. 1837)

(B) City of Maastricht

[Maastricht
                          municipality (Netherlands)]
1648 - 1795

Lords of Maastricht
1204 - 23 Aug 1632         the Dukes of Brabant
                           - jointly with -
1284 -  4 Nov 1794         the Prince-Bishops of Liège
                           - jointly with -
23 Aug 1632 - 30 Jun 1673  the Dutch Staten-Generaal
30 Jun 1673 - 10 Aug 1678  Louis XIV, King of France          (b. 1638 - d. 1715) 
10 Aug 1678 -  7 May 1748  the Dutch Staten-Generaal
 
7 May 1748 -  3 Feb 1749  Louis XV, King of France           (b. 1710 - d. 1774) 
 
3 Feb 1749 -  4 Nov 1794  the Dutch Staten-Generaal
Liègeois Commissaires-Déciseurs (Commissaire-déciseur a Maestricht)
(appointed for life by the Prince-Bishops of Liège)
 3 Oct 1580 - 1581         Livinus (Laevinus) Torrentinus     (b. 1525 - d. 1595)
                           + Coenraedt van Gaveren
 3 Oct 1581 - 1604         Johan Jugius + Johan Molenpedder
 5 Sep 1604 - 1605         Johan Molenpedder
 2 Sep 1605 - 1606         Arnold van Wachtendonck (to 1605)  (b. 1535 - d. 1605)
                           + Pierre Oranus
 3 Sep 1606 - 1607         Pierre Oranus + Caspar Grenvillanus
12 Aug 1607 - 1612         Melchior de Hinnisdael             (d. 1623)
                           + Caspar Grenvillanus
19 Jan 1612 - 1613         Godefroi de Bocholtz
11 Aug 1613 - 1615         Godefroi de Bocholtz
                           + Pierre Oranus
 4 Aug 1615 - 1616         Godefroi de Bocholtz
                           + Christophe de Blocquerye         (b. 1582 - d. 16..)
 3 Aug 1616 - 1619         Godefroi de Bocholtz
                           + François Morreüs
25 Aug 1619 - 1624         Godefroi de Bocholtz
                           + Christophe de Blocquerye         (s.a.)
29 Sep 1624 - 1632         Pierre de Méan + François Morreüs
 1 Sep 1632 - 1639         Pierre de Méan
                           + Erasmus van Lousfelt
 8 Feb 1639 - 1641         Charles de Méan                    (b. 1604 - d. 1674)
                           + Erasmus de Lousfelt
12 Nov 1641 - 1644         Laurent de Méan
                           + Erasmus van Lousfelt
 1 Feb 1644 - 1651         Charles de Méan                    (s.a.)
                           + Erasmus van Lousfelt
 1 Aug 1651 - 1674         Arnold baron de Kerckem
                           + Charles de Méan                  (s.a.)
 9 Jan 1674 - 1680         Arnold baron de Kerckem
                           + Pierre de Méan                   (b. 16.. - d. 1703)
1680 - 1690                Ferdinand Maximilien Henri,        (d. c.1717)
                             comte d'Aspremont de Lynden
                           + Pierre de Méan                   (s.a.)
25 Sep 1690 - 1692         Pierre de Méan                     (s.a.)
                           + Godefroid-Edmond, baron de
                             Bocholtz
30 Sep 1692 - 1696         Pierre de Méan                     (s.a.)
                           + Gérard, baron de Roost
          (b. 1639 - d. 1704)
 9 Oct 1696 - 1702         Pierre de Méan, baron de Méan      (s.a.)
                           + Gérard, baron de Roost           (s.a.)
15 Feb 1702 - 1704         Laurent, baron de Méan             (d. 1715)
                           + Lambert Charles van der Heyden à
                             Blisia baron van der Heyden de
                             Blisia
20 Sep 1704 - 1708         Jean-Baptiste, comte d'Oultremont  (b. 1672 - d. 1735)
                           + Laurent, baron de Méan
          (s.a.)
16 Nov 1708 - 1715         Jean-Baptiste, comte d'Oultremont  (s.a.)
                           + Pierre Guillaume, baron de Méan
 6 May 1715 - 1720         Jean-Baptiste, comte d'Oultremont  (s.a.)
                           + 
Pierre Guillaume, baron de Méan
11 Oct 1720 - 1756         Maurice Ferdinand, baron de Geloes (d. 1763)
                           + 
Pierre Guillaume, baron de Méan
 9 Oct 1756 - 1764         Maurice Ferdinand, baron de Geloes (s.a.)
                           + François Antoine, comte de Méan
24 Sep 1764 - 1788         Guillaume Maur, comte de Geloes    (b. 1731 - d. 1797)  
                           + François Antoine, comte de Méan
18 Aug 1788 -  4 Nov 1794  Auguste Guillaume, comte de Geloes
                           + Pierre Charles François Antoine, (b. 1753 - d. 1802)
                             comte de Méan
Dutch Commissarissen-Deciseurs
(appointed for two years by the Dutch Staten Generaal)
1580 - 1581                heere Desiderius van Tsestich
1581 - 1585               
heere Desiderius van Tsestich
                           + Nicolaas van der Stegen
1585 - 1590                Nicolaas van der Stegen
                           + Steven van Craesbeeke
1590 - 1594                Johan van Winghene
                           + Johan van Maelcote
1594 - 1595                Johan van Maelcote
                           + Steven van C
raesbeeke
1595 - 1609                Johan van Winghene
                           + Johan van Maelcote
1609 - 1610                Johan van Maelcote
18 Oct 1610 - 1612         Johan van Maelcote
                           + Steven van C
raesbeeke
1612 - 1613                Théodore de Fourneau
                           + Cruyckenborch
1613 - 1618                Théodore de Fourneau
                           + Antoine de Gottignies
12 Aug 1618 - 1619         Théodore de Fourneau
                           + Nicolaes de Weerdt
1619 - 1621                Charles de Bourgeoys
                           + Nicolaes de Weerdt
1621 - 1622                Charles de Bourgeoys
                           + Peter Roose
18 Sep 1622 - 1623         Théodore de Fourneau
                           + Charles Pontanus
1623 - 1627                Charles van der Vorst
                           + Charles Pontanus
1627 - 1629                Théodore de Fourneau
                           + Charles van der Vorst
1629 - 1632                Charles de Bourgeoys
                           + Théodore de Fourneau
1632 - 1635                Simon van Beaumont
                           + Johan van Gogh
1635 - 1636                Cornelis van Beveren
                           + Johan van Weede
1636 - 1639                Balthasar de Baudaen
                           + Nicolas Mourceau
1639 - 1641                Gerard van Arnhem
                           + Wolter van Schonenburg
1641 - 1644                Gerard van Arnhem
                           + Wigbolt Aldringa
1644 - 1646                Godard van Reede + Arent Sloot
1646 - 1648                Jacob Veth + Carel Roorda
29 Jul 1648 - 1651         Cornelis van Bronckhorst
                           + Andries Bicker
 1 Aug 1651 - 1652         Johan de Mauregnault
                           + Johan van Reede
27 Jul 1652 - 1654         Joannes Andreae + Roelof van Langen
27 Jul 1654 - 1656         Nicolaas Verbolt
                           + Johan Schuylenburch
19 Aug 1656 - 1658         Hieronymus van Beverningck 
                           + Johan de Mauregnault
24 Aug 1658 - 1660         Godard van Reede + Hans van Wickel
10 Aug 1660 - 1662         Roelof van Langen
                           + R.W. van Kniphausen
31 Jul 1662 - 1664         A.H. Ripperda + Floris Cant
 6 Sep 1664 - 1666         Marinus van Crommon
                           + Godart Adriaan van Reede
 2 Sep 1666 - 1668         Willem van Haren + Willem Royer
23 Aug 1668 - 1670         W. van Raesfelt + H. van Gockinga
23 Aug 1670 - 1673         D. van Wijngaerden
                           + Marinus van Crommon 
1674 - 1678                Michel de Monceaux
                           + Joachim Fautrier
                           (appointeted by France)
19 Jan 1678 - 1680         Helt
1680 - 1682                Frans Verbolt + D. van Wjngaerden
26 Aug 1682                Bonifacius van Vrijbergen
                           + Everard van Reede
 9 Oct 1684                G.W. van Jongestal 
                           + E. baron van Pallant
10 Sep 1686 - 1688         Frans Verbolt  
                           + baron van Kniphausen Nyenort
 1 Sep 1688 - 1690         D. van Wijngaereden + Johan Becker
25 Sep 1690 - 1692         Everard van Reede + J. van Haersolte
30 Sep 1692 - 1694         J. Krull + G. Gruys
12 Aug 1694 - 1696         Sybert van Wijnbergen 
                           + Jacob, baron van Wassenaar
                             Duvenoirde
20 Aug 1696 - 1698         Johan Becker + Cornelis van Domburg
26 May 1698 - 1700         W. van Haren + R. van Weleveld
27 Aug 1700 - 1702         D. van Heck van Pantaleon  
                           + J.W., graaf van Kniphausen
 4 Aug 1702 - 1704         H. van Bleeswyk + Johan Becker
12 May 1704 - 1706         G. van Tuyll van Serooskerken  
                           + A van Burmania
17 May 1706 - 1708         J.B. van Steenbergen  
                           + W. Pott
28 Jun 1708 - 1710         J. van Welderen
                           + J. Steenlack
 8 May 1710 - 1712         C. van Gheel van Spanbroek  
                           + B.W. Ploos van Amstel
 8 Jun 1712 - 1714         A. van Buren + J.B. van Steenbergen
12 Nov 1714 - 1716         J. van Welderen
                           + Graaf van Jönn-und-Kniphausen
 6 Jul 1716 - 1718         D. Lestevenon + A. Velters
 5 May 1718 - 1720         G.G. Taets van Amerongen  
                           + Cornelis van Aylva               (b. 1681 - d. 1745)
22 Jul 1720 - 1722         Hendrik van Isselmunden  
                           + Eger Tamminga
15 May 1722 - 1724         M.L. Singendonck + C. Sylvius
12 May 1724 - 1726         A. Velters + A. baron van Reede
24 Jun 1726 - 1728         P.F. Vegelin van Claerbergen  
                           + W.J. van Haersolte
18 Jun 1728 - 1730         L.B. vrijheer van Lintelo  
                           + G. Alberda van Dyxtenhuis
15 May 1730 - 1732         C. le Leu de Wilhem  
                           + P.J. van Borssele van der Hooghe
 5 May 1732 - 1734         J.S. de Milan Visconti 
                           + Georg Wolfgang baron thoe        (b. 1691 - d. 1738)
                             
Schwartzenberg en Hohenlansberg
21 May 1734 - 1736         J. ten Brink
                           + baron van Lintelo van Stedum
23 May 1736 - 1738         F.W. Torck + J.A. Halincg
 5 Apr 1738 - 1740         H. van Hoorn + J.S. de Milan Visconti
 4 May 1740 - 1742         W. van Haren
                           + T.S.S. baron van Heiden
17 May 1742 - 1744         Graaaf van Welderen  + G. Tamminga
 4 Jun 1744 - 1746         A. van Groenendijk + P. Buteux
20 May 1746 - 1748         J. van Utenhove + W. van Haren
30 Nov 1748 - 1750         Onno Zwier van Haren               (b. 1713 - d. 1779)
                           + van Bottesteyn
12 Jun 1750 - 1752         baron van Heiden + R.B. de Marees
 6 May 1752 - 1754         Walraven Robbert van Heeckeren tot (b. 1704 - d. 1758)
                            
Brantsenburg
                           + Bruno van der Does
19 Apr 1754 - 1756         J. van Borssele
                           + d'Ablaing van Giessenburg
 7 May 1756 - 1758         Tjaard van Aylva
                           + G.G.J. van Suchtelen
26 May 1758 - 1760         C.J. van Zuylen van Nyevelt
                           + P.W. van Sytzama
16 May 1760 - 1762         L. Quarles + P.J. van Brakell
10 May 1762 - 1764         D. Woertman + A. Patras
 2 May 1764 - 1766        
Sigismund Vincent Gustaaf Lodewijk (b. 1731 - d. 1790)
                             graaf van Heiden Hompesch heer
                             van Ootmarsum
 
                          + P. Alstophius
13 May 1766 - 1768         Tengnagel van Bronkhorst
                           + Z. Steenis
17 Mar 1768 - 1770         D.W. van Lynden
                           + E. van Heidenbrock van Lokhorst
 1 May 1770 - 1772         Willem August Sirtema van          (b. 1740 - d. 1818)
                             Grovestins 
                           + G.V. van Pallant tot Glinthuis
12 Jun 1772 - 1774         G. Brantsen + E.E.T. Sickinghe
12 Apr 1774 - 1776         Wigbold van der Does van Noordwijk (b. 1726 - d. 1787)
                           + Iman Cau                         (b. 1716 - d. 1801)
 7 May 1776 - 1778         D.J. van Heeckeren van Brantsenburg
                           + H.W. van Aylva
 4 May 1778 - 1780         van Heiden Hompesch
                           + T.J. van Berchuys
 3 May 1780 - 1782         Willem Anne baron van Spaen        (b. 1750 - d. 1817)
                           + P.J. van der Goes
 8 May 1782 - 1784         W. van Citters + W.N. Pesters
 1 Jun 1784 - 1786         Hans Willem van Aylva              (b. 1751 - d. 1827)
                           + J.A. van Knuth
 7 Jun 1786 - 1788         Otto Otters + J. Trip
21 May 1788 - 1790         H.A.P. Twent + A.P. van Borssele
17 May 1790 - 1792         D.J. van Heeckeren van Brantsenburg   
                           + Jonkheer François Pierre Guillaume
                             van Schuylenburch (Schuylenburg) (b. 1767 - d. 1818)
 2 May 1792 -  4 Nov 1794  Abraham Henrik van Suchtelen       (b. 1737 - d. 1813)
                           + S.L. Alberda van Beyma

Mayors (Burgemeesters)
- Liègeois mayors -
1700 - 1702                Servaes Loyens
1702 - 1704                Henrich Thisius
1704 - 1706                Johannes Olislaegers (1st time)
1706 - 1708                Guillaume van Aecken (1st time)
1708 - 1710                Johannes Olislaegers (2nd time)
1710 - 1712                Servaes Lenarts
1712 - 1715                Guillaume van Aecken (2nd time)
1715 - 1716                Servaes Loyens
1716 - 1718                Arnoldus Intbroeck
1718 - 1720                Leo Emerix (1st time)
1720 - 1722                Guillaume van Aecken (3rd time)
1722 - 1724                Emondus Cox
1724 - 1726                Mathias Carolus Lenaers
1726 - 1728                Philip Kerens
1728 - 1730                Eustachius van der Maesen
1730 - 1732                Leo Emerix (2nd time)
1732 - 1734                Guillaume de Requilé
1734 - 1736                Johannes Olislagers (3rd time)
1736 - 1738                Jacob van Brienen
1738 - 1740                Lambertus Emanuel de
                             Loneux (1st time)
1740 - 1742                Guillaume d'Requilé
1742 - 1744                Johannes Olislagers (4th time)
1744 - 1745                Jocobus Hamelars                   (d. 1745) 
1745 - 1746                Lambertus Emanuel de
                             Loneux (2nd time)(acting)
1746 - 1748                Corolus van Brienen
1749 - 1750                Johannes Olislagers (5th time)
1750 - 1752                Lambertus Emanuel de
                             Loneux (3rd time)
1752 - 1754                H.J. van der Maesen
1754 - 1756                H. Joppen (1st time)
1756 - 1758                Johannes Olislagers (6th time)
1758 - 1760                Lambertus Emanuel de
                             Loneux (4th time)
1760 - 1762                H. Joppen (2nd time)
1762 - 1764                Johannes Olislagers (7th time)
1764 - 1766                G.H. Cruts
1766 - 1768                J.A.J. Olislagers (1st time)
1768 - 1770                H. Joppen (3rd time)
1770 - 1772                P. Banens (1st time)
1772 - 1774                J.A.J. Olislagers (2nd time)
1774 - 1776                J.P.J. Munix
1776 - 1778                P. Banens (2nd time)
1778 - Mar 1780            W.H. Cruts                        (d. 1780)
Mar 1780 - 1780            P. Kerens (1st time)(acting)
1780 - 1782                H.M. Vliex
1782 - 1784                J.A.J. Olislagers (3rd time)
1784 - 1786                P. Banens (3rd time)
1786 - 1788                P. Kerens (2nd time)
1788 - 1790                A.C. Membrede
1790 - 1792                Jean Arnould Servais Munix 
1792 -  4 Nov 1794         H. Joppen de Beegden
- Brabantse (Staaten) mayors -
1700 - 1702                Adriaen Hendrick van Slijpe        (b. 1644 - d. 1714)
                             (1st time)
1702 - 1704                Pieter Hermes (1st time)           (b. 1651 - d. 1730)
1704 - 1706                Adriaen Hendrick van Slijpe        (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
1706 - 1708                Pieter Hermes (2nd time)           (s.a.)
1708 - 1710                Adriaen Hendrick van Slijpe        (s.a.)
                             (3rd time)
1710 - 1712                Henrick Pesters (1st time)
1712 - 1714                Adriaen Hendrick van Slijpe        (s.a.)
                             (4th time)
1714 - 1716                Henrick Pesters (2nd time)
1716 - 1718                Andreas Mattheus Hessel
                             van Dinther (1st time)
1718 - 1720                Henrick Pesters (3rd time)
1720 - 1722                Johan Lemker (1st time)
1722 - 1724                Henrick Pesters (4th time)
1724 - 1726                Johan Lemker (2nd time)
1726 - 1728                Henrick Pesters (5th time)
1728 - 1730                Andreas Mattheus Hesselt
                             van Dinter (2nd time)
1730 - 1732                Henrick Pesters (6th time)
1732 - 1734                Godaert van Slijpe (1st time)      (d. 1753)
1734 - 1736                Henrick Pesters (7th time)
1736 - 1738                Godaert van Slijpe (2nd time)      (s.a.)
1738 - 1740                Hendrick Pesters (8th time)
1740 - 1742                Godaert van Slijpe (3rd time)      (s.a.)
1742 - 1744                Hendrick Pesters (9th time)
1744 - 1746                Godaert van Slijpe (4th time)      (s.a.)
1746 - 1748                Hendrick Pesters (10th time)
1749 - 1750                Godaert van Slijpe (5th time)      (s.a.)
1750 - 1752                C.R. van der Haer (1st time)       (d. 1772)
1752 - 12 Jan 1753         Godaert van Slijpe (6th time)      (s.a.)
Jan 1753 - 1754            Johan Hendrik Resnick (acting)
1754 - 1756                E.W.D. Pillers
1756 - 1758                C.R. van der Haer (2nd time)       (s.a.)
1758 - 1760                Wilhelm Brull
1760 - 1762                C.R. van der Haer (3rd time)       (s.a.)
1762 - 1764                A.J.J. Vignon (1st time)
1764 - 1766                C.R. van der Haer (4th time)       (s.a.)
1766 - 1768                A.J.J. Vignon (2nd time)
1768 - 1770                C.R. van der Haer (5th time)       (s.a.)
1770 - 1772                Christiaan de Jacobi (1st time)    (b. 1729 - d. 1808)
1772 - 19 Oct 1772         C.R. van der Haer (6th time)       (s.a.)
Oct 1772 - 1774            Hubert van Slijpe (acting)
1774 - 1776                Christiaan de Jacobi (2nd time)    (s.a.)
1776 - 1778                J. van Schuylenburg (1st time)
1778 - 1780                Christiaan de Jacobi (3rd time)
1780 - 1782                J. van Schulenburg (2nd time)
1782 - 1784                Christiaan de Jacobi (4th time)
1784 - 1786                Walter Daniel Vignon
1786 - 1788                Christiaan de Jacobi (5th time)
1788 - 1790                Alexander Quirinus Collard         (b. 1735 - d. 1808)
                             (1st time)
1790 - 1792                Christiaan de Jacobi (6th time)
1792 -  4 Nov 1794         Alexander Quirinus Collard         (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)


(C) Chapter of the Church of Sint Servaas

Note: The pieces of land ownership of the Chapter of Sint-Servaas stretched from present-day North Brabant and the area around Leuven to the Rhine, the Moselle and the Ahr. The core area was in the current Belgian province of Limburg, west of Maastricht. The most important part of this core area was the so-called Eleven banks of Saint Servatius, where the Chapter held not only the land and the rights attached to it, but also the judiciary over the inhabitants.

Map of Chapter of the Church of Sint Servaas
Capital: Sint-Servaaskapittel
Population: 38-42 prebends

c.384                      Church of Sint-Servaas (Saint Servatius)(Sanctus Servatius) founded
                             in Maastricht.
c.480                      Under direct government of the Frankish kings and their 
                             successors. 
687/688                    Episcopal seat moved to Liège by Saint Hubert.
c.820                      Sint Servaas mentioned as an abbey of secular canons.
889 - 966                  Bestowed to Bishop of Trier by the Holy Roman Emperor.
1087                       Direct dependence on the German Emperor confirmed; comprised two
                             kinds of territories with total area of around 10 sq km (as of
                             1795): the territories belonging to the Provosts (two bancs) =
                             Tweebergen (situated in the city) the Church, part of the roads
                             and the Convent of "de Beyard" and Mechelen-aan-de-Maas (now in
                             Belgium). And territories belonging directly to the Chapter = Ten
                             bancs (consisting of one or more villages outside the city walls):
                             Vleitingen (2.3 sq km), Lafeld en Ellicht, Heer (1.4 sq km),
                             Sleus, Koningsheim (1.4 sq km), Groot-Loon, Zepperen, Hees en
                             Keer, Berg (2 sq km), Geulle en Vilt, Bernau (with the exception
                             of Heer and Berg all in Belgium now). Not part of the above (B)
                             condominium.
1204                       The right of appointment of the Provosts passed to the Duke of
                             Brabant.

af.1632                    The right to appoint the Provosts passed from the Duke of Brabant
                             to the Staten-Generaal of the United Netherlands. Nevertheless,
                             the Chapter maintained the immediacy of the Empire, especially
                             for the Baronies of Heer and Berg (two enclaves just east of
                             Maastricht), directly dependent on the Pope and the Emperor and
                             independent of the Prince-bishop of Liège and the Staten-Generaal.
1648/1661                  Possessions of the Chapter omitted from transfers to the United
                             Netherlands under the Peace of Münster of 1648 and the Partition
                             Treaty of 1661.
1753                       Possessions declared as having been part of the Generality Lands by
                             the Staten-Generaal (that position was accepted by Imperial
                             Chamber Court)(Reichskammergericht).
 4 Nov 1794                French occupation of Maastricht.
 5 Dec 1797                The chapter and the deanery of Saint Servatius are dissolved.

Provosts of the Saint Servatius Chapter in Maastricht, Lords of Tweebergen, Mechele,
Grömme en Grimmie and Glabbeek (title Proost van het Sint-Servaaskapittel Maastricht, heer van Tweebergen, Maasmechelen, Opgrimbie en Glabbeek
)(appointed by the Staten-Generaal)
1659 - 1664                Oswald Willem van Brederode van    (d. 1664)
                             Bolswart    
1664 - 12 Feb 1702         Jan Adolf van Brederode van        (d. 1702)
                             Bolswart
1702 - 18 Jul 1709         Jan Ferdinand van Mean             (b. 1647? - d. 1709)
                             (imprisoned 1701-1706 for Austrian sympathies)
                             (provisional to 1706)
1709 -  3 Jul 1719         Laurens Deodat van Mean
                             (= Laurens Dieudonné de Méan)
31 Aug 1719 - 27 Feb 1732  Arnold Hyacinth van Wynants        (b. 1671 - d. 1732)
1733 - 17 Jan 1772         Petrus Renier van Wassenaer        (b. 1708 - d. 1772)
                             Warmond                   
23 Apr 1772 - 27 Jul 1791  Karel Borromaeus baron van Geloes  (b. 1741 - d. 1791)
1791 -  5 Dec 1797         Thomas Willem Jacob van Wassenaer  (b. 1741 - d. 1817)
                             Warmond (provisor [regent] 1780-1782)
                            (French prisoner 5 Dec 1797-23 Jan 1798)

Bailiffs (Schouten) of Heer and Berg
c.1648/49                  Jan Cloets
1665 - 1678                Gulielmus Fosseroul
c.1684/90                  J. de Mallieux
1692 - 1714                Fr. Serv. Hildernisse
1715 - 1739                Jacobus a Cruce
1739 - af.1742             J. Franciscus Camps
1794 (4 months)            Mathias Roosen
1794 - 1796                Joannes Henricus Stas              (b. 1759 – d. 1807)


Luxembourg (1815-1890): see under Luxembourg


Noord-Brabant (North Brabant)

[Provincial flag of
                        North Brabant (Netherlands)]
Adopted 21 Jan 1959

Capital: 's-Hertogenbosch
Population: 211,000 (1795, Brabant of the States)
Population: Roman Catholic 88%, Dutch Reformed 12% (1809)

1588                       Brabant of the States (Staats-Brabant)(Breda, Bergen-op-Zoom, 
                             Grave, Cuyk, Steenbergen, Willemstad, and other areas) part of
                             the Netherlands;
administered by the Staten-Generaal as a
                             Generality Land
.
14 Sep 1629                The Dutch occupy 's-Hertogenbosch (Den Bosch).
15 May 1648                Relinquished by the Holy Roman Empire to sovereignty of the United
                             Netherlands by the Peace of Münster (signed 15 Jan 1648).
 1 Mar 1793                Annexation of Duchy of Brabant by France, but territory is not 
                             incorporated.
19 Mar 1793                France loses the territory.
10 Oct 1794                Arrondissement provisional of 's-Hertogenbosch (in French: 
                             Bois-le-Duc), under French occupation. Formed from the
                             municipality of 's-Hertogenbosch, the middle and the east of
                             Staas-Brabant and from districts of Oisterwijk,
                             Kempenland (Eindhoven), Peelland (Sint-Oedenrode) and Maasland
                             (Oss).
 8 Jan 1795 - 16 May 1795  Brabant and the generality lands annexed by France, but this is
                             canceled for Staats-Brabant on 16 May 1795.
11 Jun 1795 - 28 Jan 1798  Gewest Bataafs Brabant (
Batavian Brabant Region), from 1 Mar 1796
                             an autonomous part of the Batavian Republic.
 1 Jan 1796                Batavian departement Bataafsche-Brabant
(Batavian Brabant).
30 Mar 1799 - 20 Jun 1802  Divided into departement van de Dommel and departement Schelde
                             en Maas
.
21 Jun 1802                Departement Bataafsche-Brabant.
26 Sep 1805                Gecedeerde Landen incorporated into Bataafsche-Brabant.
 7 Aug 1806                Renamed departement Brabant.
24 Apr 1810 - 12 Dec 1813  Annexed by France.
 3 May 1810                Divided into the départements des Deux-Nèthes (see Belgium)
                             and Bouches-du-Rhin (departement van de Monden van de Rijn).
12 Dec 1813                End of French rule.
 8 Mar 1814                Province of Brabant
(Provincie Brabant).
30 Oct 1815                Renamed Noord-Barbant (Provincie Noord-Brabant).
17 May 1940 - 27 Oct 1944  German occupation.

President-raadsheer van de Raad en Leenhove van Brabant en de Landen van Overmaas
(
subordinated to the Staten-Generaal, in charge of Brabant of the States and Limburg
of the States; in The Hague)
26 Sep 1591 - 21 Sep 1600  Andries Hesselt van Dinther        (b. 1544 - d. 1600)
 4 Oct 1600 - 1619         Louis Meganck                      (b. c.1540 - d. 1619)
 2 Dec 1619 - 27 Oct 1628  Willem 
Martini                     (b. c.1533 - d. 1629)
28 Oct 1628 - 1649         Jacques van Aerssen                (b. 1576 - d. 1649)
29 May 1649 - 30 Jun 1650  Mattheus Hesselt van Dinther       (b. c.1586 - d. 1650)
 1 Jul 1650 - 28 Dec 1663  David de 
Ruijter                   (b. c.1580 - d. 1663)
28 Dec 1663 - 1678         Aernout van Beaumont               (b. 1605 - d. 1678)
 9 May 1678 - 16 Sep 1689  Pieter
de Schilder, Jr.            (b. 1613 - d. 1689)
17 Feb 1689 - 22 Oct 1692  Johan Wierts                       (d. 1692)
29 Oct 1692 - 23 Sep 1693  Nicolaes Kann                      (b. 1638 - d. 1693)
30 Sep 1693 - 11 Sep 1703  Salomon Dierkens                   (b. 1641 - d. 1703)
13 Sep 1703 - 22 May 1717  Maurits le Leu de Wilhem           (b. 1643 - d. 1724)
29 May 1717 - 24 Oct 1719  Quirijn van Strijen                (b. 1648 - d. 1719)
25 Oct 1719 -  2 Jan 1733  Willem van Persijn                 (b. 1655 - d. 1733)
 3 Jan 1733 - 11 Oct 1740  Joan Scott                         (b. 1674 - d. 1740)
13 Oct 1740 - 31 May 1759  Franc van der Goes                 (b. 1687 - d. 1767)
20 Apr 1759 - 14 Nov 1771  Jacobus Arnoldus de Perponcher     (b. 1692 - d. 1771)
                             Sedlnitsky
15 Nov 1771 - Oct 1783     Nicolaas Hendrik van Hoorn         (b. 1716 - d. 1783)
20 Oct 1783 -  9 Apr 1795  Willem van Laer                    (b. 1713 - d. 1799)

High Bailiffs (Hoogschouten) in 's-Hertogenbosch
(resident administrators for most of Brabant of the States, except Breda, Bergen-op-Zoom, Grave, Cuyk, and some other small areas)
Nov 1629 – 6 Oct 1666      Hendrik van Bergaigne              (b. 1588 – d. 1666)
1666 - 16 Mar 1687         Willem van Raesfelt                (b. 1615 – d. 1687)
1687 - 1694                Alexander Schimmelpenninck van     (b. 1642 – d. 1694)
                             der Oyen
1694 - 1701                Walraed van Hekeren
1701 - 1733                Johan Rabo van Keppel
1733 - 23 Jan 1780         Reinhard Burchard Rutger, graaf    (b. 1702 – d. 1780)
                             van Rechteren
1780 - 15 Jun 1787         Willem van Lijnden                 (b. 1729 – d. 1787)
1787 - 1794                Charles Bigot de Villandry         (b. 1743 – d. 1801)
1794 - Oct 1794            Anthony van Hanswijk               (b. 1745 – d. 1834)
Provisionele Representanten van het Volk van Bataafs Brabant

(Provisional Representatives of the People of Batavian Brabant
)
11 Jun 1795 - 24 Aug 1795  Henricus van Etten                 (b. 1759 - d. 1818)
11 Jun 1795 -  1 Jan 1796  
Willem van Lelyveld van            (b. 1762 - d. 1823)
                             Cingelshouck
11 Jun 1795 - 24 Aug 1795  Leendert
Brederode                 (b. 1741 - d. 1823)
11 Jun 1795 - 24 Aug 1795  Wilhelmus Hubert, Sr.              (b. 1736 - d. 1810)
11 Jun 1795 - 24 Aug 1795  Henricus Hoppenbrouwers            (b. 1758 - d. 1820)
11 Jun 1795 - 24 Aug 1795  Pieter Janse van Toorn             (b. 1756 - d. 1820)
11 Jun 1795 -  1 Jan 1796  Petrus Franciscus
Guljé            (b. 1749 - d. 1810)
11 Jun 1795 -  1 Jan 1796  Henricus Petrus van Leersum        (b. 1763 - d. 1854)
11 Jun 1795 - 24 Aug 1795  Petrus van Hombergh                (b. 1751 - d. 1805)
11 Jun 1795 - 24 Aug 1795  Cornelis van Ostayen               (b. 1745 - d. 1812)
11 Jun 1795 - 24 Aug 1795  Adrianus Pompen                    (b. 1745 - d. 1813)
11 Jun 1795 - 24 Aug 1795  Johannes Baptista Franciscus       (b. 1744 - d. 1825)
                             Wilhelmus de
Raet
11 Jun 1795 - 24 Aug 1795  Walterus Johannis Heeren           (b. 1753 - d. 1838)
11 Jun 1795 -  1 Jan 1796  Joannes Baptista Swinkels          (b. 1743 - d. 1822)
11 Jun 1795 -  1 Jan 1796  Aarnout Simons                     (b. 1755 - d. 1816)
11 Jun 1795 -  1 Jan 1796  Everardus Josephus Zegers          (b. 1755 - d. 1797)
11 Jun 1795 - 24 Aug 1795  Herbertus Peter Borgers            (b. 1738 - d. 1809)
11 Jun 1795 -  1 Jan 1796  Joannis Alexander Krieger          (b. 1759 - d. 1832)
11 Jun 1795 - 24 Aug 1795  Amandus Hendricus de Lauwere       (b. 1759 - d. 1820)
11 Jun 1795 - 24 Aug 1795  Cornelis Adrianus Hendrickx        (b. 1766 - d. 1834)
11 Jun 1795 - 24 Aug 1795  Bartholomeus de Witt               (b. 1735 - d. 1801)
11 Jun 1795 - 24 Aug 1795  Martinus Franciscus de Wijs        (b. 1771 - d. 1844)
11 Jun 1795 - 24 Aug 1795  Godefridus van Dijck               (b. 1746 - d. 1805)
11 Jun 1795 -  1 Jan 1796  Franciscus Johannes van der Borght (b. 1754 - d. 1816)
11 Jun 1795 -  1 Jan 1796  Johannes van de Voort              (b. 1744 - d. 1831)
11 Jun 1795 - 24 Aug 1795  Franciscus Josephus Antonius       (b. 1735 - d. 1805)
                             Deckers

11 Jun 1795 - 24 Aug 1795  Franciscus van Moorsel             (b. 1749 - d. 1823)
11 Jun 1795 -  1 Jan 1796  Arnoldus Josephus Ingen Housz      (b. 1766 - d. 1859)
11 Jun 1795 - 24 Aug 1795  Johannes Theodorus Smits           (b. 1754 - d. 1827)
11 Jun 1795 - 24 Aug 1795  Petrus Cornelis van Ghert          (b. 1751 - d. 1819)
11 Jun 1795 - 24 Aug 1795  Willem Klaesen                     (b. 1763 - d. 1802)
11 Jun 1795 -  1 Jan 1796  Steven van Bronkhorst              (b. 1763 - d. 1826)
11 Jun 1795 -  1 Jan 1796  Pieter Vreede                      (b. 1750 - d. 1837)
11 Jun 1795 - 24 Aug 1795  Jan Hendrik van der Does           (b. 1741 - d. 1817)
11 Jun 1795 - 24 Aug 1795  Rijnier Augustinus Reijnders       (b. 1719 - d. 1800)
11 Jun 1795 - 24 Aug 1795  Amandus Henricus van Moorsel       (b. 1749 - d. 1822)
11 Jun 1795 -  1 Jan 1796  Harmanus Rudolphus Banier          (b. 1738 - d. 1804)
11 Jun 1795 - 24 Aug 1795  Henricus Verhagen                  (b. 1763 - d. 1820)
11 Jun 1795 - 24 Aug 1795  Carel Benjamin Engelen van         (b. 1752 - d. 1818)
                             Stryen

11 Jun 1795 -  1 Jan 1796  Jacobus Nicolaas de Bruyn          (b. 1751 - d. 1800)
11 Jun 1795 - 24 Aug 1795  Wilhelmus Siepkens                 (b. 1764 - d. 1838)
11 Jun 1795 -  1 Jan 1796  Jan Franciscus Pannebakker         (b. 1747 - d. 1812)
11 Jun 1795 - 24 Aug 1795  Lambertus van den Bosch            (b. 1765 - d. 1827)
11 Jun 1795 - 24 Aug 1795  Andreas van den Hurck              (b. 1726 - d. 1799)
11 Jun 1795 - 24 Aug 1795  Engelbertus Heymans                (b. 1761 - d. 1798)
11 Jun 1795 -  1 Jan 1796  Johannes Meeussen                  (b. 1755 - d. 1825)
11 Jun 1795 -  1 Jan 1796  Theodorus Sopers                   (b. 1763 - d. 1841)
11 Jun 1795 -  1 Jan 1796  Henricus Franciscus Dominicus      (b. 1753 - d. 1823)
                             l'
Heureux
11 Jun 1795 - 24 Aug 1795  Henricus van Will                  (b. 1753 - d. 1829)
11 Jun 1795 - 24 Aug 1795  Joannes Baptist de Witt            (b. 1764 - d. 1817)
11 Jun 1795 - 24 Aug 1795  Anthony van Baer                   (b. 1747 - d. 1830)
11 Jun 1795 -  1 Jan 1796  Gijsbertus Bernardus Buysen        (b. 1747 - d. 1812)
11 Jun 1795 - 24 Aug 1795  Jan Schouw                         (b. 1753 - d. 1819)
11 Jun 1795 - 24 Aug 1795  Constantinus Verstraaten           (b. 1728 - d. 1801)
11 Jun 1795 - 24 Aug 1795  Pieter Josephus de Haan            (b. 1745 - d. 1828)
24 Aug 1795 -  1 Jan 1796  Johannes Petrus van der Borght     (b. 1731 - d. 1818)
24 Aug 1795 -  1 Jan 1796  Johannes Josephus Havermans        (b. 1738 - d. 1813)
24 Aug 1795 -  1 Jan 1796  Antonius Verstraaten               (b. 1767 - d. 1838)
24 Aug 1795 -  1 Jan 1796  Petrus Verhoysen                   (b. 1757 - d. 1835)
24 Aug 1795 -  1 Jan 1796  Gerardus van Roy                   (b. 1752 - d. 1815)
24 Aug 1795 -  1 Jan 1796  Cornelis den Tex                   (b. 1739 - d. 1826)
24 Aug 1795 -  1 Jan 1796  Martinus Huysmans                  (b. 1763 - d. 1848)
24 Aug 1795 -  1 Jan 1796  Daniël Baert Verspyck              (b. 1740 - d. 1816)
24 Aug 1795 -  1 Jan 1796  Cornelis Jan Wouter Nahuys         (b. 1762 - d. 1831)
24 Aug 1795 -  1 Jan 1796  Petrus Josephus van Berckel        (b. 1741 - d. 1817)
24 Aug 1795 -  1 Jan 1796  Gerardus Josephus Deckers          (b. 1754 - d. 1834)
24 Aug 1795 -  1 Jan 1796  Gerardus van Iersel                (b. 1733 - d. 1817)
24 Aug 1795 -  1 Jan 1796  Bartholomeus Smolders              (b. 1751 - d. 1810)
11 Jun 1795 - 24 Aug 1795  Nicolaas van Cuylenborch           (b. 1748 - d. 1826)
Representanten van het volk van Bataafs Brabant
 1 Jan 1796 - 29 Jan 1798  G.J.V. van Hagens
 1 Jan 1796 - 29 Jan 1798  Petrus Franciscus Guljé            (s.a.)
 1 Jan 1796 - 29 Jan 1798  Hermanus Joannes Giebe             (b. 1760 - d. 1820)
 1 Jan 1796 - 29 Jan 1798  Willem Pieter Hubert               (b. 1762 - d. 1820)
 1 Jan 1796 - 29 Jan 1798  Petrus Josephus Guilielmus         (b. 1767 - d. 1831)
                             Vogelvanger
 1 Jan 1796 - 29 Jan 1798  G. van Eyndhoven
 1 Jan 1796 - 29 Jan 1798  Petrus Verhoysen                   (b. 1757 - d. 1835)
 1 Jan 1796 - 29 Jan 1798  Johannes Franciscus Josephus       (b. 1757 - d. 1823)
                            
Baesten
 1 Jan 1796 - 29 Jan 1798  H.A. Pijnenburgh
 1 Jan 1796 - 29 Jan 1798  H.J. Schellekens
 1 Jan 1796 - 29 Jan 1798  A.L. Roels
 1 Jan 1796 - 29 Jan 1798  F.X. Cools
 1 Jan 1796 - 29 Jan 1798  Franciscus Johannes van der Borght (s.a.)
 1 Jan 1796 - 29 Jan 1798  M. van de Voordt
 1 Jan 1796 - 29 Jan 1798  Gerardus van Roy                   (s.a.)
 1 Jan 1796 - 29 Jan 1798  C. Liefmans
 1 Jan 1796 - 29 Jan 1798  P.C. de Haes
 1 Jan 1796 - 29 Jan 1798  Petrus Cornelis van Ghert          (s.a.)
 1 Jan 1796 - 29 Jan 1798  H.A.A. van Ertrijck
 1 Jan 1796 - 29 Jan 1798  Cornelius Floren                   (b. 1754 - d. 1811)
 1 Jan 1796 - 29 Jan 1798  Henricus Verhagen                  (s.a.)
 1 Jan 1796 - 29 Jan 1798  Hendrik Verhees                    (b. 1744 - d. 1813)
 1 Jan 1796 - 29 Jan 1798  Eduardus van Mattemburch           (b. 1746 - d. 1808)
 1 Jan 1796 - 29 Jan 1798  C. Jamez
 1 Jan 1796 - 29 Jan 1798  Joannes Franciscus Rudolphus van   (b. 1755 - d. 1816)
                             
Hooff
 1 Jan 1796 - 29 Jan 1798  M. Royaerts
 1 Jan 1796 - 29 Jan 1798  Gijsbertus Bernardus Buysen        (s.a.)
 1 Jan 1796 - 29 Jan 1798  H. van Dijck
Chairmen of Intermediair Administratief Bestuur van Bataafsche-Brabant

(Transitional Administrative Administration)

 5 Feb 1798 - 21 Feb 1798  K. Hovens
21 Feb 1798 - 14 Mar 1798  P.F.D. Chandon
14 Mar 1798 - 26 Mar 1798  W. Ris (1st time)
26 Mar 1798 - 10 Apr 1798  P.R. Pieterse (1st time)
10 Apr 1798 - 16 Apr 1798  W. Ris (2nd time)
16 Apr 1798 - 30 Apr 1798  P.R. Pieterse (2nd time)
30 Apr 1798 - 31 May 1798  A. Oltmans
31 May 1798 - 29 Jun 1798  D. Hoitsma
29 Jun 1798 -  6 Jul 1798  B. Cool
 6 Jul 1798 - 29 Jul 1798  P.R. Pieterse (3rd time)
29 Jul 1798 - 31 Aug 1798  Jacobus Adrianus
Crayenschot       (b. 1746 - d. 1835)
31 Aug 1798 - 28 Sep 1798  H. Gildemeester
28 Sep 1798 - 31 Oct 1798  R. van den Bosch
31 Oct 1798 - 30 Nov 1798  F. van der Goes (1st time)
30 Nov 1798 - 21 Dec 1798  J. Penning
21 Dec 1798 - 31 Jan 1799  C.J. Branger
31 Jan 1799 - 28 Feb 1799  J.D.A. Havart
28 Feb 1799 - 30 Mar 1799  F. van der Goes (2nd time)

Departementaal Bestuur van de Dommel

20 Dec 1798 -
 4 Jun 1802  Henrik Ribbius                     (b. 1769 - d. 1836)  
20 Dec 1798 - 
 4 Jun 1802  Willem Libotté                     (b. 1763 - d. 1839)
20 Dec 1798 -  4 Jun 1802  Johan Richard van Ommeren          (b. 1757 - d. 1820)
20 Dec 1798 -
 4 Jun 1802  Johannes Linsen                    (b. 1767 - d. 1842)
30 Mar 1799 -  4 Jun 1802  Jacob Jan van
Ommeren              (b. 1763 - d. 1819)
30 Mar 1799 -  4 Jun 1802  Jan Baptist van den Heuvel genaamd
                             Bartolotti
30 Mar 1799 -  4 Jun 1802 
Paulus Emanuel Antonius de la      (b. 1760 - d. 1848)
                            
Court
 2 Jan 1800 -  4 Jun 1802  J. Smits
30 Jun 1801 -  4 Jun 1802  Gerardus Bernardus Verheyen        (b. 1774 - d. 1835)

Commissarissen van het uitvoerend bewind van Dommel (from 19 Sep 1801, Bataafsche-Brabant
)
(Commissioners of the executive power)

 8 Mar 1800 -  7 Dec 1800  Gerardus Anthony Visscher          (b. 1762 - d. 1827)
 7 Dec 1800 -  1 Mar 1803  Jacob van Haeften                  (b. 1751 - d. 1831)
 1 Mar 1803 - 26 Sep 1805  C. de Jongh
Departementaal Bestuur van Brabant
 4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Jan
Rochussen                      (b. 1759 - d. 1818)
 4 Jun 1802 - 11 Oct 1805  Joannis Alexander Krieger          (s.a.)
 4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Gerardus Bernardus Verheyen        (s.a.)
 4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Arnoldus Josephus Ingen Housz      (s.a.)
 4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Cornelius Floren                   (s.a.)
 4 Jun 1802 - 12 May 1807  Paulus Emanuel Antonius de la      (s.a.)
                            
Court
 4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Petrus Josephus van Berckel        (s.a.)
 4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Johan van 
Heurn                    (b. 1751 - d. 1815)
 4 Jun 1802 - 
12 May 1807  Gerard de Jong                     (b. 1757 - d. 1837)
 4 Jun 1802 -  3 Jul 1804  Eduardus van 
Mattemburch           (s.a.)
 4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  François Jacob
Gallé               (b. 1736 - d. 1809)
15 Aug 1803 -  1 Aug 1805  Petrus Andreas van 
Meeuwen         (b. 1772 - d. 1848)
 6 Jun 1804 - Oct 1806     
Petrus Verhoysen                   (s.a.)
19 Jul 1805 - Nov 1806     Jean Louis Trip                    (b. 1750 - d. 1822)
20 Sep 1805 - Oct 1806     Johannes Baptista
Verheyen         (b. 1757 - d. 1835)
Landdrost
of Brabant 

 8 May 1807 - Apr 1810     Paulus Emanuel Antonius de la      (s.a.)
                             Court 
Prefect of Bouches-du-Rhin
 9 Jul 1810 -  9 Dec 1813  Nicolas, baron Frémin de Beaumont  (b. 1744 - d. 1820)
                             (at Gave to 5 Jan 1814)
Commissioners-general
12 Dec 1813 - 28 Apr 1814  Willem Boudewijn Donker Curtius    (b. 1778 - d. 1858)
                             van Tienhoven
                           + Gerardus Andreas Martinus van    (b. 1770 - d. 1832)
                               Bommel
Governors (gouverneur)
28 Apr 1814 - 16 Jan 1820  Carel Gerard Hultman               (b. 1752 - d. 1820)  Pat
10 Feb
1820 - 28 Aug 1822  Benedictus Josephus Holvoet        (b. 1763 - d. 1838)
22 Apr 1822 -  2 Aug 1826  Jonkheer Ewoud van Vredenburch     (b. 1779 - d. 1861)
                             (acting to 30 Aug 1822)
12 Aug 1826 - 15 Feb 1830  Alexandre François Ghislain        (b. 1769 - d. 1840)
                             burggraaf van der Fosse 
17 Feb 1830 - 14 May 1842  Andreas Johannes Ludovicus         (b. 1787 - d. 1855)
                             (from 10 Mar 1830, baron) Van den
                            
Bogaerde van Terbrugge 

19 May 1842 -  1 Aug 1850  Anton Joseph Lambert Borret        (b. 1782 - d. 1858)  Con
Commissioners of the King/Queen (Commissaris des Konings/Koningin)
 1 Aug 1850 - 29 Aug 1856  Anton Joseph Lambert Borret        (s.a.)               Con
 2 Oct 1856 - 25 May 1894  Paulus Jan Bosch van Drakestein    (b. 1825 - d. 1894)  Lib
1894                       L.A.N. Gerrits (acting)  
 1 Sep 1894 - 27 Jul 1928  Arthur Eduard Joseph van Voorst    (b. 1858 - d. 1928)  Con
                             tot Voorst 
20 Sep 1928 - 31 Jul 1940  Jonkheer Augustinus Bernardus      (b. 1882 - d. 1957)  RKSP
                             Gijsbertus Maria van Rijckevorsel 
Commissioner of the Province (Commissaris der der provincie)
 1 Aug 1940 - 1944         Jonkheer Augustinus Bernardus      (s.a.)               RKSP
                             Gijsbertus Maria van Rijckevorsel 
Representatives of the Reichskommissar for the Province of Noord-Brabant
(Beauftragten des Reichskommissars für die Provinz Nordbrabant)

 2 Jun 1940 - 26 Jul 1940  Alfred Weber                                            NSDAP
31 Jul 1940 - 17 Sep 1941  Wilhelm "Willy" Ritterbusch        (b. 1892 - d. 1983)  NSDAP
22 Oct 1941 -  1 May 1944  Robert Thiel                       (b. 1909 - d. 1989)  NSDAP
 1 May 1944 - 1944         Heinrich Sellmer                   (b. 1907 - d. 1989)  NSDAP
Commissioners of the Queen/King (Commissaris der Koningin/van de Koning)
1944 -  1 Oct 1945         Jonkheer Augustinus Bernardus      (s.a.)               RKSP
                             Gijsbertus Maria van Rijckevorsel
                             (suspended from 4 Oct 1944)
 4 Oct 1944 -  1 Nov 1946  Jonkheer Johannes Theodorus Maria  (b. 1888 - d. 1978) RKSP;1945 KVP
                             Smits van Oyen heer van Eckart
                             en in Oyen (acting [for Rijckevorsel to 1 Oct 1945])
 2 Nov 1946 - 19 May 1959  Jan Eduard de Quay                 (b. 1901 - d. 1985)  KVP
 1 Oct 1959 - 31 Jul 1973  Constantinus "Constant" Nicolaas   (b. 1908 - d. 1997)  KVP
                             Maria Kortmann 
 1 Dec 1973 - 31 May 1983  Jan Dirk van der Harten            (b. 1918 - d. 1998) KVP;1980 CDA
16 Jul 1983 - 31 Mar 1987  Andreas "Dries" Antonius Maria     (b. 1931 - d. 2024)  CDA
                             van Agt 
22 Apr 1987 - 30 Sep 2003  Frank Johannes Maria Houben        (b. 1939 - d. 2023)  CDA
 1 Oct 2003 - 30 Sep 2009  Johanna "Hanja" Rika Hermanna      (b. 1943)            CDA
                             Maij-Weggen (f) 
 1 Oct 2009 - 30 Sep 2020  Wilhelmus "Wim" B.H. van de Donk   (b. 1962)            CDA
 1 Oct 2020 -              Ina Regina Adema (f)               (b. 1968)            VVD


Gecedeerde Landen (Ceded Countries)

 5 Apr 1795                French occupation of possessions of foreign princes depending
                             on the Holy Roman Empire (incl.
City and Barony of Ravenstein,
                             County of Megen, Lordship of Boxmeer, Imperial Lordship of Gemert,
                             County of Bokhoven,
Oeffelt, Luyksgestel, and Huijbergen).
18 Dec 1797                Named Veroverde Landen tussen Maas en Rijn en tussen Rijn en Moezel
                            
(Conquered Lands between Meuse and Rhine and between Rhine and
                             Moselle
).
23 Jan 1798 -  8 Mar 1800  Part of French
département Roer (see under Germany).
 5 Jan 1800                Sold by France to the Batavian Republic.
 8 Mar 1800                Incorporated into
Batavian Republic (Netherlands) as the Gecedeerde
                             Landen
(Ceded Countries).
 9 Feb 1801                Holy Roman Empire renounces the territories in Treaty of Lunéville.
20 Sep 1805                I
ncorporated into Brabant province.

Commissaris voor de Gecedeerde Landen (Commissioners for the Ceded Countries)
 8 Mar 1800 -  7 Dec 1800  Gerardus Anthony Visscher          (b. 1762 - d. 1827)
 7 Dec 1800 - 14 Mar 1803  Jacob van Haeften                  (b. 1751 - d. 1831)
14 Mar 1803 - 20 Sep 1805  Gerard de Jongh                    (b. 1757 - d. 1837)



Bergen-op-Zoom


[Margraviate of Bergen-op-Zoom
              to 1795 (The Netherlands)]

Map of Bergen-op-Zoom
Capital: Bergen-op-Zoom
Population: 25,320 (1795)

22 Jun 1287                Lordship of Bergen-op-Zoom (Dominium Bergozomium) separated from
                             Barony of Breda, under
overlordship of the Duke of Brabant.
May 1533                   Margraviate of Bergen-op-Zoom (Markiezaat van Bergen op Zoom/
                             Markgrafschaft von Bergen op Zoom
).
1567 - 1577                Spanish administration and sequestration.
1582                       Bergen-op-Zoom occupied and confiscated by the Dutch Republic,
                             and given as usufruct to the Princes of Oranje
.
1588 - 1794                Part of Brabant of the States, a Generality Land, which is
                             administered by the Estates-General of the Netherlands.
23 Sep 1588 - 13 Nov 1588  Under Spanish siege of Bergen-op-Zoom.
1609 - 1621                Bergen-op-Zoom briefly restored to the Margrave.

15 May 1648                Relinquished by the Holy Roman Empire to sovereignty of the United
                             Netherlands by the Peace of Münster (signed 15 Jan 1648), the
                             United Netherlands assumes suzerain rights and taxation rights of
                             the Dukes of Brabant over the Margraviate of Bergen-op-Zoom dating
                             from 1287.
 
8 Jul 1622 -  2 Oct 1622  Under Spanish siege of Bergen-op-Zoom.
16 Nov 1649                Bergen-op-Zoom restored to the Margraves.
1672 - 1678
               Occupied by Dutch Republic, confiscation and usufruct renewed.
1688 - 1697                Occupied by Dutch Republic, confiscation and usufruct renewed.
12 Jul 1747 - 16 Sep 1747  French siege of Bergen-op-Zoom.
16 Sep 1747 - 18 Oct 1748  Occupied by France.
 9 Oct 1794 -  8 Jan 1795 
Occupied by France.
 
8 Jan 1795 - 16 May 1795  Brabant and the generality lands annexed by France, but this is
                             canceled for the Staats-Brabant on 16 May 1795.

1795                       Part of Provisional Arrondissement of Bergen-op-Zoom, under French 
                             occupation (formed from Bergen-op-Zoom, Prinsenland, the
                             extreme south-west of Staats-Brabant and part of Zeeland).
16 May 1795                Incorporated into Batavian Republic (later Holland),
                             (part of Gewest Bataafs Brabant 11 Jun 1795-29 Mar 1799; the
                             departement van Schelde en Maas 30 Mar 1799-20 Jun 1802;
                             departement Bataafsche-Brabant 21 Jun 1802-6 Aug 1806;

                             7 Aug 1806 - 2 May 1810 departement Brabant
).

 
2 May 1810 -  8 Mar 1814  Annexed to France (part of département Deux-Nèthes)(see Belgium).
 8 Mar 1814                Part of Netherlands (part of province of Brabant).

Margraves/Margravines (title Markies/Markiezin van Bergen-op-Zoom/
Markgraf/Markgrafin von Bergen-op-Zoom
)

1633 - 1650                Albert II van den Bergh            (b. 1607 - d. 1656)
                           - in opposition to -
1635 - 29 Nov 1671         Maria Elisabeth II (f)             (b. 1631 - d. 1671)
                           - jointly with -
1635 - 11 Jul 1661         Eitel Friedrich von Hohenzollern-  (b. 1601 - d. 1661)
                             Hechingen
1672 - 17 Oct 1698         Henriëtte Francisca (f)            (b. 1642 - d. 1698)
                           - jointly with -
1672 - 17 Oct 1698         Frédéric Maurice, comte d'Auvergne (b. 1642 - d. 1707)
17 Oct 1698 - 27 Jul 1710  François Egon, prince de la Tour   (b. 1675 - d. 1710)
                             d'Auvergne  
27 Jul 1710 - 28 Jul 1728  Marie Anne Henriette Leopoldine (f)(b. 1708 - d. 1728)
27 Jul 1710 - 1722         Marie Anne von Arenberg (f)-Regent (b. 1689 - d. 1736)
                           - jointly with -
1722 - 28 Jul 1728         Johann Christian Joseph Prinz      (b. 1700 - d. 1733)
                             von der Pfalz-Sulzbach 
28 Jul 1728 - 30 Jan 1795  Karl Philipp Theodor Pfalzgraf     (b. 1724 - d. 1799)
                            (Elector of Pfalz from 1742 and 
                             Elector of Bavaria from 1777)
1728 - 1742                Maria Enrietta del Caretto di      (b. 1671 - d. 1744)
                             Savona e Grana (f) -Regent
Drossaard van het Zuid en Westkwartier van het Markiezaat van Bergen op Zoom
1794 - 1795                Petrus Josephus Cuypers            (b. 1763 - d. 1844)
 

Councilor-Intendants of the Council and Account Chamber (title Raad-intendant van de Raad en Rekenkamer)[chief officers of the Margraviate; position established 1742]
1742 - 1757                Laurent Adan                       (b. 1697 - d. 1757)
1757 - 1784                Pieter Andries van Mattemburgh     (b. 1700 - d. 1784)
1784 - 1790                Pieter Christoffel van Mattemburgh (b. 1735 - d. 1790)
1790 - 1795                ....

Dutch Military Governors of Bergen-op-Zoom Fortress

1697 - 11 Apr 1708         Jacques-Louis, comte de Noyelles   (b. c.1655 - d. 1708)
                             en Fallais                        
1704 - 1706                Nicolas (Niklaus) Tscharner (acting)
18 Dec 1706 - 1707         Nicolaas Frederik Andriesz.        (b. 1670 - d. 1757)
                             Boogaert van Alblasserdam heer
                             van Alblasserdam
1707 - 1709                Johan Abraham van Riebeeck         (b. 1653 - d. 1713)
22 Nov 1709 - 18 Feb 1714  Coenraad Willem van Dedem heer     (b. 1644 - d. 1714)

                             van Gelder
20 Feb 1714 -  4 Nov 1719  Willem baron Wassenaer van         (b. 1670 - d. 1719)
                            
Duvenvoorde
1719 -  3 Nov 1730         Frederik Sirtema baron van         (b. 1668 - d. 1730)
                             Grovestins
1730 - 1733                Johan Rabo baron van Keppel        (b. 1677 - d. 1733)
                             heer van Peckedam
24 Jun 1733 - 1744         Reinhart Deens baron van Reede     (b. 1678 - d. 1747)
                              heer tot Ginkel
(Ginckel)
 
2 Sep 1744 - Jun 1746     Philips Willem baron van der Duyn  (b. 1687 - d. 1756)
 
9 Jun 1746 - 16 Sep 1747  Wilhelm Ludwig Prinz von Hessen-   (b. 1692 - d. 1761)
                             Philippsthal-Barchfeld
16 Sep 1747 - 18 Oct 1748  occupied by France
1748 - 1760                Andreas August graaf van Praetorius
(b. 1683 - d. 1762)
1760 - 1765                Karel Christiaan prins van Nassau- (b. 1735 - d. 1788)
                             Weilburg

                            (= Karl Christian Fürst von Nassau-Weilburg)
1765 - 1773                Frederik Willem graaf van Nassau-  (b. 1768 - d. 1818)
                             Weilburg
                            (= Friedrich Wilhelm Graf von Nassau-Weilburg)

1773 - 16 Aug 1784         Gideon Salomon Deutz               (b. 1710 - d. 1784)
23 Sep 1784 - 1791         Johan Adolph baron van Hardenbroek (b. 1721 - d. 1791)
20 Apr 1791 -  9 Oct 1794  Wilhelm Landgraf von Hessen-       (b. 1726 - d. 1810)
                             Philippsthal


Breda

[Barony of Breda to 1795 (The
                Netherlands)]

Map of Breda
Capital: Breda
Population: 41,374 (1795)

1125                       Lordship of Breda (Dominium de Breda), First mentioned; imperial
                             immediate fief of
the Holy Roman Empire.
1196/98 - 1327             Fief of the Duchy of Brabant.
1287                       Partitioned between itself, the Lordship of Bergen-op-Zoom,
                             and the Land of Steenbergen (Land van Steenbergen).
1327 - 1350                Duchy of Brabant administration.
1339 - 1577                Fief of the Duchy of Brabant (technically to 1795).
1350                       Sold to Wassenaar.
1403                       Barony of Breda (Baronie van Breda) to Nassau-Dillenburg.
Jul 1544                   To the house of Oranje-Nassau, the Barony of Breda becomes principal
                             and largest hereditary possession of the house (as of 1795, the
                             hereditary possessions, so-called Nassause Domein, in the
                             Netherlands also included Ameland, Buren and Leerdam, Culemborg,
                             Cuyk and Grave, IJsselstein).

1567 - 1577               
Sequestered by Spain.
Jul 1579 - 1581            Breda joins the Union of Utrecht.
1581 - Mar 1590            Occupied and a
dministered by Spanish Netherlands (see Belgium).
1590 – 1794                Part of Brabant of the States, a Generality Land, which is
                             administered by the Estates-General of the Netherlands.

1625 - Oct 1637            Occupied and administered by Spanish Netherlands.
15 May 1648                Relinquished by the Holy Roman Empire to sovereignty of the United
                             Netherlands by the Peace of Münster (signed 15 Jan 1648), the
                             United Netherlands assume suzerain rights and taxation rights of
                            Dukes of Brabant over Barony of Breda dating from 1196.

27 Feb 1793 - 18 Mar 1793  French occupation.
 
8 Jan 1795 - 16 May 1795  Brabant and the Generality Lands annexed by France, but this is
                             canceled for Staats-Brabant on 16 May 1795.
27 Jan 1795 - 16 May 1795  French occupation of Breda.

1795                       Provisional Arrondissement of Breda formed from Breda and
                             middle-west of the Staats-Brabant.

16 May 1795                Incorporated into Batavian Republic (later Holland),
                             (part of Gewest Bataafs Brabant 12 Jun 1795-28 Jan 1798; the
                             departement Schelde en Maas 30 Mar 1799 - 20 Jun 1802;
                             departement Bataafsche-Brabant 21 Jun 1802-6 Aug 1806;
                             7 Aug 1806-2 May 1810 departement Brabant).
 
3 May 1810 - 22 Dec 1813  Annexed to France (part of département of Deux-Nèthes; from 15 Dec
                             1813, part of
département des Bouches-du-Rhin)(see Belgium).
 8 Mar 1814                Part of Netherlands (part of province of Brabant).

Barons (title Baron van Breda/Freiherr von Breda)
18 Jul 1544 – 10 Jul 1584  Willem I prins van Oranje          (b. 1533 - d. 1584)
                             graaf van Nassau
10 Jul 1584 – 20 Feb 1618  Filips Willem prins van            (b. 1554 - d. 1618)
                             Oranje graaf van Nassau
                           - in dispute with -
Mar 1590 – 27 Jun 1609     Maurits graaf van Nassau (1st time)(b. 1567 - d. 1625)
                           (barony granted by the Dutch)
20 Feb 1618 – 23 Apr 1625  Maurits prins van Oranje           (s.a.)
                             graaf van Nassau (2nd time)
23 Apr 1625 - 14 Mar 1647  Frederik Hendrik prins van         (b. 1584 - d. 1647)

                             Oranje graaf van Nassau
                           - in dispute with -
Jun 1630 – Oct 1637        Johan graaf van Nassau-Siegen      (b. 1583 – d. 1638)
                           (barony granted by the Spanish)
14 Mar 1647 -  6 Nov 1650  Willem II prins van Oranje graaf   (b. 1626 - d. 1650)

                             van Nassau  
14 Nov 1650 - 19 Mar 1702  Willem III Hendrik prins van       (b. 1650 - d. 1702)
                             Oranje graaf van Nassau

14 Nov 1650 – 24 Dec 1660  Maria Henriette Stuart (f) -Regent (b. 1631 – d. 1660)
                           - jointly with -
14 Nov 1650 – Feb 1672     Amalia van Solms-Braunfels         (b. 1602 – d. 1675)
                             (f) -Regent  
19 Mar 1702 - 12 Aug 1707  Amalia van Anhalt (f) -Regent      (b. 1666 - d. 1726) 
 
1 Sep 1711 - 22 Oct 1751  Willem IV Karel Hendrik Friso      (b. 1711 - d. 1751)
                             prins van Oranje en Nassau  
 
1 Sep 1711 -  9 Apr 1731  Marie Luise van Hessen-            (b. 1688 - d. 1765)
                             Kassel (f) (1st time) -Regent
22 Oct 1751 - 16 Feb 1795  Willem V Batavus prins van         (b. 1748 - d. 1806)

                             Oranje en Nassau         
                            (in exile from 18 Jan 1795)
22 Oct 1751 - 12 Jan 1759  Anna van Brunswyk-                 (b. 1709 - d. 1759)
                             Lunenburg (f) -Regent    
12 Jan 1759 -  9 Apr 1765  Marie Luise van Hessen-            (s.a.)
                             Cassel (f)(2nd time) -Regent
 9 Apr 1765 -  8 Mar 1766  Wilhelmina Carolina van Oranje van (b. 1743 - d. 1787)
                             Nassau (f) -Regent

French Commander
 
23 Feb 1793 -  3 Apr 1793  Louis Charles de la Motte-Ango,    (b. 1756 - d. 1794)
                             vicomte de Flers            
Commissioner of Provisional Arrondissement of Breda
27 Jan 1795 - 1795         Sigouin
President of the Provisional Municipality of Breda
27 Jan 1795 - 16 Mar 1795  Steven Bernhard Jantzon            (b. 1766 - d. 1828)

Stewards (title Drossaard der Stad en Land van Breda)
1674 - 1709                Hans Willem Bentinck, graaf        (b. 1649 - d. 1709)
                             van Portland
1710 - 1721                Arent baron van Wassenaar          (b. 1669 - d. 1721)
1722 - 1725                Govert van Slingelandt             (b. 1694 - d. 1767)
1725 - 1735                Jean Antoine d'Averhoult           (b. 1689 - d. 1735)
1735                       Willem baron van Liere             (b. 1690 - d. 1735)
1736 - 1769                Steven graaf van Randwijk          (b. 1698 - d. 1769)
1769 - 1785                Willem Anne Lestevenon van         (b. 1750 - d. 1830)
                             Berckenrode
1785 - 1795                Benjamin baron van der Borch       (b. 1741 - d. 1804)

Cuyk (Cuijk, Kuik)

[Cuyk (Cuijk) County
                to 1795 (The Netherlands)]

Map of Cuyk (Cuijk)
Capital: Grave
Population: 11,059 (1795)

c.1096                     County of Cuijk (comitatus Ceuclum).
1132 - 1371                Cadet line Cuijk-Arnsberg founded when Godfried van Cuijk acquired
                             Arnsberg, from 1166 a fief of Cologne.
1233                       Grave granted city rights by the Duke of Brabant, feudal lord of
                             the lords of Cuijk (Cuyck, Kuyc).
1308                       Grave and the Land van Cuijk (Grave en het land van Cuijk)
                             receiving common lands from Jan I van Cuijk.
1352                       Cedes Fredeburg to Marck.
1368                       Cuijk-Arnsberg sold to Cologne.

1400 - 1423                Possession of the Dukes of Guelders through inheritance.
1423 - 1472                Possession of the Lords of Egmond (Egmont).
1442                       Oeffelt sold by the Lord of Cuijk to the seigneury of Gennep, which
                             is subject to the Duchy of Cleves.
1472 - 1492               
Possession of the Dukes of Burgundy.
1492 - 1519                Possession of Maximilian I von Habsburg of Austria.

1519 - 1559                Possession of the Spanish Habsburgs.
1559                       Barony of Grave and the Land of Cuijk (baronie van Grave en het
                             land van Cuijk) issued as a pledge to Willem I van Oranje
                             (confiscated by Philipp II of Spain in 1568).
1568 - 1577                Spanish occupation.
 8 Jul 1584                Personal union with Breda.

1586 - 1602                Spanish occupation.
1602                       Conquest of Grave by the Dutch under Maurits van Nassau.
1611                       Maurits receives Grave and Cuijk as an irredeemable and hereditary
                             fief (from 1648, part of the Staats-Brabant, a Generality Land,
                             which is administered by the Estates-General of the Netherlands).
15 May 1648                Relinquished by the Holy Roman Empire to sovereignty of the United
                             Netherlands by the Peace of Münster (signed 15 Jan 1648)), the
                             United Netherlands assume suzerain rights and taxation rights of
                             Dukes of Brabant over Barony of Grave and Cuijk dating from 1233.
1672 - 1674                French occupation.
28 Dec 1794 - 16 May 1795  French occupation (siege of Grave begins 1 Dec 1794)
.
28 Dec 1794                Provisional Arrondissement of Grave, under French protection;
                             formed from the extreme-east of Staats-Brabant (area of Cuijk).
16 May 1795                Incorporated into Batavian Republic (later Holland),
                             (part of Gewest Bataafs Brabant 11 Jun 1795-29 Mar 1799; the
                             departement van de Drommel 30 Mar 1799 - 20 Jun 1802;
                            
departement Bataafsche-Brabant 21 Jun 1802 - 6 Aug 1806;
                             7 Aug 1806-2 May 1810 departement Brabant).

 3 May 1810 - Feb 1814     Annexed to France (part of département des Bouches-du-Rhin; from
                             26 Feb 1814, part of
département d'Yssel-Supérieur).
 8 Mar 1814                Part of Netherlands (part of province of Brabant).

Barons (title Baron van de stad Grave en het Land van Cuijk)
 8 Jul 1584 - 16 May 1795  the barons of Breda
Commissioner of Provisional Arrondissement of Grave
1794 - Jun 1795            Jonkheer Jacob van der Dussen      (b. 1763 - d. 1820)

Ambtmannen (representing the Barons of Breda)
1588 - 1609                Jonkheer Anthonis van Berchem
                             heer van Berchem
1609 - 1637                Jonkheer Godevaert van Steenhuijs
                             heer van Oploo
1637 - 1679                Ludolf van Steenhuijs heer van
                             Oploo
1673 - Jun 1674            Adolph Engelbrecht baron
                            van Kerkhem
                             (appointed by the French)
1680 - 1722                Walraad baron de Steenhuijs        (d. 1722)
                             vrijheer tot Heumen
1722 - 1754                Adriaan baron van Lijnden          (b. 1677 - d. 1754)
                             burggraaf van het Rijk van
                             Nijmegen
1754 - 1770                Sigismund Coenraad Roeleman        (b. 1729 - d. 1770)
                             graaf van Bylandt
1770 - 1780                Maurits Cornelis Pasques de
                             Chavonne
s
1780 - 1791                Lodewijk baron van Heeckeren tot
                             Weersen

1791 - 1795                Jonkheer Jacob van der Dussen      (s.a.)



Noord-Holland (North Holland)

[Flag of Holland
                        province 17th century (Netherlands)]
 Holland 17th Century Flag

[Provincial flag of
                        North Holland (Netherlands)]
Adopted 22 Oct 1958

Capital: The Hague
 (Den Hague)

Population: 829,000 (1795, province of Holland
Population: Dutch Reformed 63%, Roman Catholic 24%, Lutheran 6%, Jewish 4%, other 3% (1809, province of Holland)

.... - c.885               Part of Friesland.
c.889                     
County of Holland (Comitatus Hollandiae).
29 May 1101                Floris II (
Florentius) the first to be titled comes de Hollant
                             ("Count of Holland").
1291                      
Title 'Count of Holland and Zeeland, Lord of Friesland' adopted
                             by Count
Floris V (b. 1254 - d. 1296).
10 Nov 1299 - 26 Sep 1345  Inherited by County of Hainaut (Henegouwen)(Comitatus Hanoniensis)
.
26 Sep 1345 -  3 Jul 1428  Inherited by Bavaria (renounced 12 Apr 1433).
 3 Jul 1428 - 25 Oct 1555  Burgundian (Valois) rule.
25 Oct 1555
- 1572/77      Spanish Habsburg rule.
23 Jan 1579                Adheres to the Union of Utrecht.
26 Jul 1581                Province of Holland (Provincie Holland), a province of the United
                             Netherlands.
26 Jan 1795                Office of stadholder is abolished by provincial parliament.
 1 Jan 1796                Batavian departement Holland.
23 Apr 1798                Divided into departements of Amstel, Delf and Texel.
27 Aug 1799 - 19 Nov 1799  Anglo-Russian invasion of North Holland under the Prince Frederick,
                             Duke of York (b. 1763 - d. 1827).
19 Sep 1801                Restoration of departement Holland.
 8 May 1807                Divided between departements of Amstelland and Maasland.
13 Jul 1810 - 20 Nov 1813  Annexed to France.
1814                       Province of Holland (restored).
 
4 May 1814                Den Helder garrison, under Admiral Carel Hendrik Ver Huell,
                             surrenders to Dutch forces.
 7 Oct 1840                Divided into provinces of Noord-Holland and Zuid-Holland.
15 May 1940 -  5 May 1945  German occupation.

Stadtholders (Stadhouders van Holland, Zeeland en Utrecht)
(from 13 May 1747, also General Hereditary Stadholders of the United Netherlands)
1572 - 10 Jul 1584         Willem I prins van Oranje          (b. 1533 - d. 1584)
                             graaf van Nassau
                             (in Utrecht from 9 Oct 1577)
14 Nov 1585 - 23 Apr 1625  Maurits prins
van Oranje           (b. 1567 - d. 1625)
                             graaf van Nassau
                             (in Utrecht from Feb 1590)
23 Apr 1625 - 14 Mar 1647  Frederick Hendrick prins van       (b. 1584 - d. 1647)
                             Oranje graaf van Nassau  
14 Mar 1647 -  6 Nov 1650  Willem II prins van Oranje         (b. 1626 - d. 1650)
                             graaf van Nassau
 6 Nov 1650 -  2 Jul 1672  Vacant (authority reverted to the provincial Estates)
 2 Jul 1672 - 19 Mar 1702  Willem III prins van Oranje        (b. 1650 - d. 1702)
                             graaf van Nassau
19 Mar 1702 -  4 May 1747  Vacant (authority reverted to the provincial Estates)
 4 May 1747 - 22 Jan 1751  Willem IV Karel Hendrik Friso      (b. 1711 - d. 1751)
                             prins van Oranje en Nassau

22 Oct 1751 - 26 Jan 1795  Willem V Batavus prins van         (b. 1748 - d. 1806)
                             Oranje en Nassau
22 Oct 1751 - 12 Jan 1759  Anna van Brunswyk-                 (b. 1709 - d. 1759)
                             Lunenburg (f) -Regent     
12 Jan 1759 -  9 Apr 1765  Marie Luise von Hessen-            (b. 1688 - d. 1765)
                             Cassel (f) -Regent
12 Jan 1759 -  8 Mar 1766  Ludwig Ernst von Braunschweig-
     (b. 1718 - d. 1788)
                             Wolfenbüttel -Regent
 9 Apr 1765 -  8 Mar 1766  Wilhelmina Carolina d'Oranje van   (b. 1743 - d. 1787)
                             Nassau (f) -Regent

Lands' Advocates
(secretaries to the Estates)
1572 - 16 Mar 1586         Paulus Buys                        (b. 1531 - d. 1594)  Org    
16 Mar 1586 - 12 May 1619  Johan van Oldenbarnevelt           (b. 1547 - d. 1619)  Org
Pensionaries of the Council
(Raadpensionaris, usually translated Grand 
Pensionaries) of the Estates of Holland and West-Friesland       
12 May 1619 - 1621         Andries de Witt                    (b. 1573 - d. 1637)  Org    
1621 - 13 Sep 1629         Anthonie Duyck                     (b. 1560 - d. 1629)  Org    
1629 - 1631                Jacob Cats (1st time)              (b. 1577 – d. 1660)    
1631 - 1636                Adriaan Pauw (1st time)            (b. 1585 – d. 1653)  Stat    
 3 Jul 1636 - 27 Sep 1651  Jacob Cats (2nd time)              (s.a.)
1651 - 21 Feb 1653         Adriaan Pauw heer van Heemstede    (s.a.)               Stat
                             Bennebroek, Nieuwerkerk (2nd time)
30 Jul 1653 - 20 Aug 1672  Johan de Witt                      (b. 1625 - d. 1672)  Stat
20 Aug 1672 -  5 Dec 1688  Gaspar Fagel                       (b. 1634 - d. 1688)  Org
1688 - 24 Mar 1689         Michiel ten Hove (interim)         (b. 1640 - d. 1689)
27 May 1689 -  3 Aug 1720  Anthonie Heinsius                  (b. 1641 - d. 1720)  Org
12 Sep 1720 - 17 Jun 1727  Isaäc van Hoornbeek                (b. 1655 - d. 1727)
17 Jul 1727 -  1 Dec 1736  Simon van Slingelandt heer van     (b. 1664 - d. 1736)  Stat
                             Patijnenburg bij Naaldwijk
 1 Dec 1736 -  4 Apr 1737  Vacant
 4 Apr 1737 - 16 Jul 1746  Anthonie van der Heim              (b. 1693 - d. 1746)  Stat
1746 - 16 Jul 1746         Willem Buys (acing for Heim)       (b. 1661 - d. 1749)  Stat
23 Sep 1746 - 18 Jun 1749  Jacob Gilles                       (b. 1691 - d. 1765)  Org
18 Jun 1749 -  5 Nov 1772  Peiter Steyn                       (b. 1706 - d. 1772)  Org
 1 Dec 1772 - Nov 1787     Pieter Abrahamsz van Bleiswijk     (b. 1724 - d. 1790)  Org
 9 Nov 1787 -  4 Feb 1795  Laurens Pieter Laurenszoon van     (b. 1735 - d. 1800)  Org
                             de Spiegel
Chairman of Provisionele Representanten van het volk van Holland
(
Provisional Representatives of the People of Holland)
26 Jan 1795 -  2 Mar 1796  Pieter Paulus                      (b. 1754 - d. 1796)
Provinciaal Bestuur van Holland (Provincial Administration)
Mar 1796 - Feb 1798        Provincial Executive Committee
                           (20 members, chair rotates monthly)
Presidenten van het Intermediair-Administratief Bestuur van Holland
 5 Feb 1798 - 21 Feb 1798  Koenraad Hovens                    (b. 1716 - d. 1817)
21 Feb 1798 - 14 Mar 1798  Pierre Frederic Daniel Chandon 
14 Mar 1798 - 26 Mar 1798  Willem Ris (1st time)              (b. 1753 - d. 1809)
26 Mar 1798 - 10 Apr 1798  P.R. Pieterse (1st time)
10 Apr 1798 - 16 Apr 1798  Willem Ris (2ndm time)             (s.a.)
16 Apr 1798 - 24 Apr 1798  P.R. Pieterse (2nd time)  
24 Apr 1798 - 25 May 1798  Alexander Oltmans                  (b. 1767 - d. 1839)
25 May 1798 - 25 Jun 1798  Dirk Hoitsma                       (b. 1768 - d. 1811)
25 Jun 1798 -  6 Jul 1798  Bastiaan Cool
 6 Jul 1798 - 24 Jul 1798  P.R. Pieterse (3rd time)
24 Jul 1798 - 24 Aug 1798  Jacob A. Crayenschot               (b. 1746 - d. 1835) 
24 Aug 1798 - 24 Sep 1798  Hendrik Gildemeester               (b. 1759 - d. 1823)
24 Sep 1798 - 24 Oct 1798  Reijer van den Bosch               (b. 1748 - d. 1823)
24 Oct 1798 - 23 Nov 1798  Frank van der Goes (1st time)
23 Nov 1798 - 21 Dec 1798  J. Penning
21 Dec 1798 - 21 Jan 1799  Cornelis Ignatius Branger          (b. 1750 - d. 1803)
25 Jan 1799 - 21 Feb 1799  Jan Daniel Albertus Havart         (b. 1761 - d. 1821)
21 Feb 1799 - 30 Mar 1799  Frank van der Goes (2nd time)
    
1799 - 18 Sep 1801         Divided into départements of Amstel, Delf and Texel
Departementaal Bestuur van Holland (Departmental Administration)
 4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805
  Pieter Hendrik van de Wall         (b. 1737 - d. 1808)
                             (1st time)
 
4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Hugo Adriaan van Bleiswijk         (b. 1740 - d. 1821)
                             (Bleyswijk) (1st time)
 4 Jun 1802 - 21 Oct 1802  Cornelis Ignatius Branger          (s.a.)
 4 Jun 1802 - 29 May 1804  Nicolaas Calkoen                   (b. 1753 - d. 1817)
 
4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Casparus Clotterbooke              (b. 1720 - d. 1817)
 
4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Johan Marthe Collot d'Escury       (b. 1742 - d. 1817)
 
4 Jun 1802 -  1 Jun 1807  Diderik van Horbag                 (b. 1752 - d. 1825)
 
4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1807  Johan Meerman van Dalem            (b. 1753 - d. 1811)
 4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805
  A. Reessen
 
4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Simeon Pieter van Swinden          (b. 1755 - d. 1835)
22 Jun 1802 -  1 Feb 1803  Daniël Hooft                       (b. 1741 - d. 1803)
 9 Jul 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Theodorus Johannes Alexander       (b. c.1755 - d. 1837)
                             Pagenstecher
 1 Feb 1803 - May 1807     Jan Pieter
van Wickevoort          (b. 1763 - d. 1837)
                             Crommelin
 4 Jun 1803 - 28 Nov 1803  Willem Quarles van Ufford          (b. 1751 - d. 1826)
24 Jun 1802 - May 1807     François van Hoogstraten           (b. 1763 - d. 1813)
28 Jul 1802 - Jul 1805     Wessel Boudewijn Kappelhof  
28 Jul 1802 - May 1807     Ludovicus Timon
de Kempenaer       (b. 1752 - d. 1812)  
 3 Dec 1802 - Jul 1805     Herman Hogewal                     (b. 1741 - d. 1815)
27 Mar 1804 - 27 Apr 1804  Cornelis Johan
de Lange van        (b. 1752 - d. 1820)
                             Wijngaarden
 3 May 1804 -  1 Aug 1805  Willem Frederik Röell (1st time)   (b. 1767 - d. 1835)
27 Apr 1807 - Jul 1805     Frederik
van Leyden van            (b. 1768 - d. 1821)
                             Westbarendrecht  
 7 Aug 1804 - Jul 1805     D. van Bergen  

 7 Aug 1804 - Jul 1805     Hendrikus de Wecker de Groot       (b. 1754 - d. 1820)
19 Jul 1805 -  1 Jul 1806  Willem Frederik Röell (2nd time)   (s.a.)
Aug 1805 - May 1807       
Gozewijn Jan Loncq                 (b. 1758 - d. 1835)
Aug 1805 - May 1807        Johan Gijsbert Verstolk van Zoelen (b. 1776 - d. 1845)
 6 Aug 1805 - May 1807     Joost Romswinckel                  (b. 1745 - d. 1824)
13 Aug 1805 - May 1807     Hugo Adriaan van Bleiswijk         (s.a.)
                             (Bleyswijk) (2nd time)
15 Aug 1805 - May 1807     Pieter Hendrik van de Wall         (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)

 8 May 1807 - 1814
         Divided between départements of Amstelland and Maasland
Commissioners-general
Nov 1813 - 26 Dec 1813     Cornelis Anthony Fannius Scholten  (b. 1767 - d. 1832)
                           + Joan Melchior Kemper             (b. 1776 - d. 1824)
                              (to 14 Dec 1813)
26 Dec 1813 -  6 May 1814  Godert Alexander Gerard Philip
    (b. 1778 - d. 1848)
                             baron van der Capellen      
Governors
 1 May 1814 - 10 Jun 1828  Arnold Willem Nicolaas van Tets    (b. 1771 - d. 1837)  Con
                             van Goudriaan
23 Aug 1828 - 28 Dec 1839  Jan Maximiliaan baron van Tuyll    (b. 1771 - d. 1843)
                             van Serooskerken van Vleuten 
 1 Jan 1840 -  1 Aug 1850  Daniel Jacob van Ewijck heer van   (b. 1786 - d. 1855)
                             Oostbroek en de Bilt
Commissioners of the King/Queen
 1 Aug 1850 -  4 Aug 1855  Daniel Jacob van Ewijck heer van   (s.a.)
                             Oostbroek en de Bilt
 4 Aug 1855 -  1 May 1860  Willem Boreel van Hogelanden       (b. 1800 - d. 1883)  Con-Lib
                             (acting to 1 Oct 1855) 
 1 May 1860 -  1 Oct 1879  Herman Hendrik Röell               (b. 1806 - d. 1883)
                             (from 12 May 1874, Herman Hendrik baron Röell)
15 Dec 1879 -  1 Feb 1897  Johan Willem Meinard Schorer       (b. 1834 - d. 1903)  Lib
 1 Feb 1897 -  1 Aug 1911  Gijsbert van Tienhoven             (b. 1841 - d. 1914)  Lib
16 Sep 1911 - 16 Dec 1914  Wilhelmus Frederik van Leeuwen     (b. 1860 - d. 1930)  Lib
16 Jan 1915 - 31 Jul 1940  Antonie Roëll                      (b. 1864 - d. 1940)  Lib
                             (from 18 Mar 1937, Antonie baron Roëll)
Commissioners of the Province
 1 Aug 1940 - 29 Nov 1940  Antonie baron Roëll                (s.a.)               Lib
29 Nov 1940 - 10 Feb 1941  Vacant  
10 Feb 1941 -  5 May 1945  Albert Johan Backer                (b. 1899 - d. 1976)  NSB

Representatives of the Reichskommissar for the Province of Noord-Holland
(Beauftragten des Reichskommissars für die Provinz Nordholland)

 7 Jun 1940 - 30 Jul 1940  Werner Ross                                             NSDAP
30 Jul 1940 -  7 Jan 1942  Martin Seidel                      (b. 1898 - d. 1945)  NSADP
 7 Jan 1942 - 31 Oct 1942  Walter Unger                                            NSDAP
 1 Nov 1942 - 1945         Werner Schröder                    (b. 1898 - d. 19..)  NSDAP
                             (acting to 11 Mar 1943)
Commissioners of the King/Queen
 5 May 1945 -  1 May 1954  Jacob Evert baron de Vos van       (b. 1889 - d. 1978)  PvdV/VVD
                             Steenwijk (acting to 16 Sep 1945) 
 1 Jul 1954 -  1 Feb 1964  Marinus "Max" Jacobus Prinsen      (b. 1899 - d. 1971)  PvdA
 1 Feb 1964 -  1 May 1976  Ferdinand Jan Kranenburg           (b. 1911 - d. 1994)  PvdA
16 Aug 1976 -  1 Apr 1992  Josephus "Roel" de Wit             (b. 1927 - d. 2012)  PvdA
 1 May 1992 -  1 Apr 2002  Josephus "Jos" Antonius van        (b. 1937 - d. 2020)  PvdA
                             Kemenade 
24 Jun 2002 -  1 Dec 2009  Henricus "Harry" Cornelius         (b. 1943)            GL
                             Johannes Lodewijk Borghouts
 1 Dec 2009 -  1 Jul 2010  Elisabeth Post (f) (acting)        (b. 1965)            VVD
 1 Jul 2010 -  1 Jan 2019  Johannes "Johan"
Wijnandus Remkes  (b. 1951)            VVD
 1 Jan 2019 -             
A.Th.H. "Arthur" van Dijk          (b. 1963)            VVD


Wieringermeer

1927                       Construction of the Wieringermeer Polder begins.
31 May 1937                Public Body (Openbaar Lichaam) established on land
                             reclaimed from the former Zuiderzee.
 1 Jul 1941                Part of Noord-Holland.
17 Apr 1945                Retreating German occupation forces inundated the polder of
                             Wieringermeer.

Landdrost
1937 - 30 Jun 1941         Sikke Smeding                      (b. 1889 - d. 1967



Amstel

23 Apr 1798                Departement van den Amstel formed from Amsterdam and the
                             center of Holland.
19 Sep 1801                Abolished and merged with Delf and part of Texel as
                             the département Holland.

Departementaal Bestuur van de Amstel te Amsterdam
20 Dec 1798 - Feb 1799     Jacob Gerard van der
Meulen        (b. 1772 - d. 1837)
20 Dec 1798 - Feb 1799     Hendrik Gildemeester               (b. 1759 - d. 1823)
20 Dec 1798 - Feb 1799     Hendrik van Vollenhoven            (b. 1765 - d. 1854)
20 Dec 1798 - Feb 1799     Jacob van Halmael                  (b. 1754 - d. 1829)
20 Dec 1798 - Feb 1799     C. Losbergen
18 Feb 1799 - 
Feb 1799     Johannes Bernardus Cramer          (b. 1755 - d. 1803)
Commissarissen van het uitvoerend bewind (Commissioners of the executive power)
22 Feb 1799 -  3 Mar 1800  Jacob Jan Cambier                  (b. 1756 - d. 1831)
Mar 1800 -  4 Jun 1802     Johan Herman de Lange              (b. 1758 - d. 1818)


Amstelland

 8 May 1807                Departement Amstelland formed from Amsterdam and northern
                             part of departement Holland.
13 Jul 1810                Merged with Utrecht into French département du Zuyderzée
                             (departement Zuiderzee).

Landdrost 
1807 - 13 Jul 1810         Jan van Styrum                     (b. 1757 - d. 1829)


Delf

23 Apr 1798                Departement van de Delf formed from southern parts of Holland.
19 Sep 1801                Merged with Amstel and Texel to form the
                             restored departement Holland.

Commissarissen van het uitvoerend bewind van Delf (Commissioners of the executive power) 
23 Apr 1798 - 13 Jan 1800  A.J. La Pierre 
13 Jan 1800 -  4 Jun 1802  Carel Hendrik van Grasveld         (b. 1766 - d. 1841)
Departementaal Bestuur van de Delf
20 Dec 1798 -  4 Jun 1802  Gerrit Carel Coenraad
Vatebender   (b. 1758 - d. 1822)
20 Dec 1798 -  4 Jun 1802  Reijer van den Bosch               (b. 1748 - d. 1823)
20 Dec 1798 -  4 Jun 1802  Reinier van Spaan
20 Dec 1798 - 31 Jul 1801  Willem Hendrik Teding van
Berkhout (b. 1745 - d. 1809)
20 Dec 1798 - 27 Jul 1801  Hanso Lemstra van Buma             (b. 1762 - d. 1847)
15 Apr 1799 - 31 Jul 1801  Gerard van Hasselt                 (b. 1751 - d. 1825)
16 Apr 1799 -  4 Jun 1802  J. Kool
28 Jun 1800 -  4 Jun 1802  Willem Mattheus Keuchenius
30 Jun 1801 -  4 Jun 1802  Bastiaan Cool                      (b. 1755 - d. 1815)
12 Sep 1801 -  4 Jun 1802  Johannes Justus
Montijn            (b. 1769 - d. 1832)


Maasland/Bouches-de-la-Meuse

 8 May 1807                Maasland departement formed from The Hague and southern
                             parts of departement of Holland.
13 Jul 1810                French département des Bouches-de-la-Meuse (departement Monden
                             van de Maas).
1814                       Abolished.

Landdrosten
May 1807 - Nov 1807        Jacob Abraham de Mist              (b. 1749 - d. 1823)  
 2 Dec 1807 - 30 Sep 1808  Arnoldus van Gennep                (b. 1766 - d. 1846)
30 Sep 1808 -  1 Nov 1811  Carel Gerard Hultman (1st time)    (b. 1752 - d. 1820)
13 Nov 1811 - 17 Nov 1813  Joseph Augustin Goswin de Stassart (b. 1780 - d. 1854)
Nov 1813 - Apr 1814        Carel Gerard Hultman (2nd time)    (s.a.)


Texel

23 Apr 1798                Departement van Texel formed from northern part of Holland
                             and part of Utrecht. 
19 Sep 1801                Re-divided between the départements Holland and Utrecht.

Commissarissen van het uitvoerend bewind van Texel (Commissioners of the executive power)
23 Apr 1798 - 22 Feb 1799  ....
22 Feb 1799 - 19 Sep 1801  Salomon Bos                       (b. 1749 - d. 1832)
Departementaal Bestuur van Texel
20 Dec 1798 -  4 Jun 1802  Willem 
Schut
20 Dec 1798 -  2 Aug 1799  J.
Cramer
20 Dec 1798 -  4 Jun 1802  Arnoldus
Coomans                  (b. 1770 - d. 1836)
20 Dec 1798 -  4 Jun 1802  Pieter
Houttuyn                   (b. 1771 - d. 1847)
20 Dec 1798 -  2 Aug 1799  Pieter van
Lelyveld (1st time)    (b. 1765 - d. 1808)
20 Dec 1798 - 1799         Jan Teding van Berkhout           (b. 1756 - d. 1806)
12 Apr 1799 -  4 Jun 1802  Jacob Zut van de Centgenburg
25 Apr 1799 -  4 Jun 1802  P. Pzn.
Roelofs
Jun 1799 -  4 Jun 1802     F. van der Vliet
16 Sep 1799 -  4 Jun 1802  Pieter van
Lelyveld (2nd time)    (s.a.)
28 Jun 1800 -  4 Jun 1802  W. Schuit
19 Mar 1801 -  4 Jun 1802  Cornelis Dekker
30 Jun 1801 -  4 Jun 1802  E. Knaven
 2 Jul 1801 -  4 Jun 1802  Riwert
Pieters


Vianen

[Lordship of
                        Vianen flag c.1616-1725 (Netherlands)]
c.1616 - 1725


Map of Vianen


Capital: Vianen


Population: 1,820 (1795)

Religions: Dutch Reformed 65%, Roman Catholic 33%, other 2% (1809)

c.1248                     Lordship of Vianen (Heerlijkheid Vianen).
1417 - 1684                Under the Brederode dynasty.
1585                       Protection levies imposed by the Dutch Estates-General.
15 May 1648                Relinquished by the Holy Roman Empire by the Peace of Münster
                            (signed 15 Jan 1648), not part of any Dutch province, not
                             subject to the Dutch taxes, local ruler claims sovereignty.
27 Nov 1684 – 1725         Personal union with County of Lippe-Detmold.  
1725                       Purchased by Staten van Holland (sale completed 1789).
16 Mar 1795                Annexed by Holland province.
 1 Mar 1796                Part of the Batavian Republic (see Netherlands).
16 Mar 1815                Part of Netherlands, part of province of Zuid-Holland
                            
(from 1 Jan 2002, part of Utrecht).

Lords/Ladies (title
Vrijheer/Vrijvrouwe van Vianen)
 9 Mar 1655 - 17 Jun 1679  Wolfert                            (b. 1649 - d. 1679)
17 Jun 1679 - 27 Nov 1684  Hedwig Agnes (f)                   (b. 1643 - d. 1684)
27 Nov 1684 - 11 Mar 1700  Amalia van Dohna (f)               (b. 1645 - d. 1700)
                           - jointly with -
27 Nov 1684 – 12 May 1697
 Simon Hendrik van Lippe-Detmold    (b. 1649 – d. 1697)
11 Mar 1700 - 18 Jul 1718  Frederik Adolf                     (b. 1667 - d. 1718)
18 Jul 1718 - 1725         Simon Hendrik Adolf                (b. 1694 - d. 1734)
1725 - 16 Mar 1795         the Estates of Holland

Stewards (title Drossaard der Stad en Land van Vianen)
bf.1744 - 1759             Herman Smith
1759 - 1789                Hieronimus van Hurck               (b. 1725 – d. 1794)
1789 - 1795                Hendrik Pieter van Hurck           (b. 1759 – d. 1816)

Oost-Friesland/Ems-Oriental: East Frisia see under German States


Overijssel

[Provincial
                        flag of Overijssel 17th century (Netherlands)]
17th Century Flag

[Provincial flag of
                        Overijssel (Netherlands)]
Adopted 21 July 1948


Capital: Deventer


Population: 135,000 (1795)

Population: Dutch Reformed 62%, Roman Catholic 34%, other 4% (1809)

13 Dec 1042                Comitatus Agridiogensis sive Umbulaha (County of Ostufer der
                             Zuiderzee) part of Utrecht.
1336 - 1347                Partly pledged to 
Gelder.
30 Jan 1347                Restored to Utrecht.
21 Dec 1510 - 1528         Ceded to Gelder.
1458                       Collectively referred to as Overissel for the first time.
 3 Oct 1528
- 1555         Ceded to Burgundy (heerlijkheid Overijssel [Lordship of
                             Overijssel] as part of Friesland)
.
25 Oct 1555 - 1576/80      Spanish Habsburg rule (part of Friesland; from 23 Jan 1579,
                             part of Groningen
).
Apr 1580                   Adheres to the Union of Utrecht.
1580 - 1597                Divided between the Dutch Staten (the IJsselstreek and the coast
                             of Vollenhove; capitals: Kampen, Zwolle and Deventer) and a
                             Spanish part (Twente, largely Salland east of IJssel, Steenwijk
                             and surroundings; capital: Oldenzaal).
26 Jul 1581                Province of Overijssel (Provincie Overijssel), a province of the
                             United Netherlands.
 9 Jun 1605 -  1 Aug 1626  Fortified town of Oldenzaal occupied by Spanish forces.
 1 Jan 1796                Batavian departement van de
Oude IJssel.
23 Apr 1798                Merged with Drenthe to form departement van den Oude IJssel.
19 Sep 1801                Renamed département Overijssel.
13 Jul 1810 - 20 Nov 1813  Annexed to France, as département des Bouches-de-l'Yssel
                             (departement Monden van de IJssel).

1814                       Province of Overijssel (restored).
14 May 1940 -  5 May 1945  German occupation (Zwolle liberated 14 Apr 1945).

Stadholders (title Stathouders en Kapiteins-Generaal)
 
3 Oct 1528 - 1580         the stadholders of Friesland
11 Jun 1580 - 30 May 1584  Willem I prins van Oranje          (b. 1533 - d. 1584)
                             graaf van Nassau
 9 Jul 1581 - 1594         Francisco Verdugo                  (b. 1537 - d. 1595)
                             (in opposition, for Spanish part, in Groningen)
30 May 1584 - 18 Oct 1589  Adolf van Nieuwenaar graaf van     (b. 1545 - d. 1589)
                             Meurs

1589 - 23 Apr 1625         Mauritz prins van Oranje           (b. 1567 - d. 1625)  
                             graaf van Nassau     
1595 -  3 Sep 1618         Frederik van den Bergh heer van    (b. 1559 – d. 1618)
                             Boxmeer (in opposition, for Spanish part,
                             interrupted 1597-1605, in Oldenzaal)   
Apr 1625 - 14 Mar 1647     Frederick Hendrick prins van   
   (b. 1584 - d. 1647)
                             Oranje graaf van Nassau  
14 Mar 1647 -  6 Nov 1650  Willem II prins van Oranje
        (b. 1626 - d. 1650)
                             graaf van Nassau      
 6 Nov 1650 - 15 Feb 1675  Vacant (authority reverted to the provincial Estates)
15 Feb 1675 - 19 Mar 1702  Willem III prins d'Oranje          (b. 1650 - d. 1702)
                             graaf van Nassau

19 Mar 1702 - 10 May 1747  Vacant (authority reverted to the provincial Estates)
10 May 1747 - 16 Feb 1795  the Stadholders of Holland


Griffiers of the Estates (Staten) of Overijssel (chief secretaries)
1589 -  9 Mar 1608         Dirck Roelinck                     (d. 1608)
 8 Apr 1608 - 20 Aug 1612  Derk Doornebos             
 6 Nov 1612 - 20 Aug 1613  Berend Voet
21 Aug 1613 - Sep 1652     Herman Roelinck                    (b. 1590 - d. 1652)
1652 - 23 Aug 1672         Diderik Roelinck                   (b. 1635 - d. 1672)
1672 - 1674                Joannes Holt
1674 - 19 Jan 1693         Rutger van Breda                   (b. 1628 - d. 1693)
14 Apr 1693 -31 Jan 1707   Caspar Hendrik Lemker              (b. 1656 - d. 1707)
15 Apr 1707 - 31 May 1731  Hendrik Royer                      (b. 1653 - d. 1731)
23 Mar 1732 - Jan 1762     Joan Rouse                         (b. 1683 - d. 1762)
 1 Apr 1762 - 18 Dec 1789  Derk Dumbar                        (b. 1713 - d. 1789)
 8 Mar 1790 - 30 Mar 1795  Meinard Tydeman                    (b. 1741 - d. 1825)   
Gedeputeerde Representanten van Provisionele Representanten van het volk van Overijssel

(Deputy Representatives of the Provisional Representatives of the People of Overijssel)
16 Feb 1795 - 30 Jan 1798  .... [six unknown members]  
Intermediair-Administratief Bestuur van Overijssel (provisional to 12 Feb 1798)
30 Jan 1798 - 20 Dec 1798  Thomas Doyer                       (b. 1754 - d. 1833)
1798 - Sep 1798            H. Penninck
30 Jan 1798 - 20 Dec 1798  Willem van Cleeff
30 Jan 1798 - 20 Dec 1798  M. Sels
1798                       Antonius Volding van Bevervoorde
30 Jan 1798 - 20 Dec 1798  Henrik Budde                       (b. 1773 - d. 1851)
1798 - Sep 1798            Joan Bannier                       (b. 1756 - d. 1820)
Departementaal Bestuur van de Oude IJssel
20 Dec 1798 -  4 Jun 1802  H. Vos
20 Dec 1798 -  4 Jun 1802  Willem Gerritszn. 
Waanders         (b. 1739 - d. 1829)
20 Dec 1798 -  7 Dec 1801  
Joan Arend de  Vos van Steenwijk   (b. 1746 - d. 1813)
                             tot Nijerwal
20 Dec 1798 -  5 Nov 1802  Anthonie Pieter van 
Westervelt     (b. 1750 - d. 1823)
30 Dec 1798 -  4 Jun 1802  Gijsbert Lucas Geerlig van 
Fridagh (b. 1756 - d. 1806)
30 Dec 1798 -  1 Aug 1800  Wilhelmus Antonius
Ninaber         (b. 1747 - d. 1803)
21 Aug 1800 -  1 Jun 1802  Johannes Conradus van der Plas     (b. 1755 - d. 1831)
                             Bouwmeester

30 Jun 1801 -  4 Jun 1802  N.P. Westervelt
 2 Jul 1801 -  4 Jun 1802  Jan ten Winkel                     (b. 1752 - d. 1827)
Commissarissen van het uitvoerend bewind (Commissioners of the executive power)
22 Feb 1799 - Jun 1802     Adolph Hendrik Cramer              (b. 1757 - d. 1824)
Departementaal Bestuur van Overijssel
 4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Rudolf
Sandberg                    (b. 1731 - d. 1808)
 4 Jun 1802 - May 1807     Wolf Floris van Hemert tot         (b. 1753 - d. 1832)
                             Dingshof

 4 Jun 1802 - 18 Mar 1803  David Thomassen à Thuessink        (b. 1734 - d. 1817)
 4 Jun 1802 - May 1807     Antony Coenraad Willem van         (b. 1760 - d. 1820)
                             Haersolte

 4 Jun 1802 - 180.         E.J. Witzenberg
 4 Jun 1802 -  7 May 1807  
Derck Bentinck tot Diepenheim      (b. 1741 - d. 1813)
 4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Joan 
Bannier                       (s.a.)
 4 Jun 1802 - 29 Sep 1802  Carel de
Vos van Steenwijk         (b. 1759 - d. 1830)
 4 Jun 1802 - 30 Nov 1802  Johannes Henricus Petrus van Lier  (b. 1759 - d. 1823)
 4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Gerardus Antonius Stanislaus van   (b. 1770 - d. 1809)
                             
Sonsbeeck
 4 Jun 1802 - May 1807     Coenraad Willem 
Sloet tot          (b. 1767 - d. 1849)
                             Tweenyenhuizen

 4 Jun 1802 - 31 Dec 1802  
Adolph Hendrik Cramer              (s.a.)
29 Oct 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Godert Willem de
Vos van Steenwijk (b. 1747 - d. 1830)
 4 Jan 1803 -  2 Mar 1803  Wilhelmus Antonius Ninaber         (b. 1747 - d. 1803)
1803 - 180.                Joan Damian van Duren              (b. 1748 - d. 1838)
25 Mar 1803 - 1805         Willem Jan Knoppers
23 May 1804 - May 1807     C. Kock
19 Jul 1805 - May 1807     Johan Willem Anthony Jacob van     (b. 1758 - d. 1826)
                             Lochteren 
Stakebrant
Landdrost
 8 May 1807 -  1 Jan 1810  Derck Bentinck tot Diepenheim      (s.a.)
 1 Jan 1810 - 13 Dec 1810  Petrus Hofstede                    (b. 1755 - d. 1839)

Prefects of Bouches-de-l'Yssel
13 Dec 1810 - 12 Mar 1813  Petrus Hofstede                    (s.a.)
12 Mar 1813 - 13 Nov 1813  Carel Gerard Hultman               (b. 1752 - d. 1820)
Governor
21 Nov 1813 - 18 Dec 1813  Berend Hendrik baron Bentinck
     (b. 1753 - d. 1830)  
                             tot Buckhorst (provisional)
Commissioners-general
18 Dec 1813 - 11 May 1814  Adolph Werner baron van Pallant    
(b. 1745 - d. 1828)
                             tot Eerde
                          + Willem Hendrik baron van Hambroeck
                              tot Weleveld                    (b. 1744 - d. 1822)
Governors
11 May 1814 - 24 Sep 1830  Berend Hendrik baron Bentinck      (s.a.)               Org
                             van Buckhorst 
25 Sep 1830 - 26 Jan 1831  Jan ter Pelkwijk (acting)          (b. 1769 - d. 1834)
26 Jan 1831 - 12 Oct 1840  Jacob Hendrik graaf van Rechteren  (b. 1787 - d. 1845)  Lib
                             tot Appeltern 
15 Oct 1840 - 25 Sep 1847  Joan Derk graaf van Rechteren tot  (b. 1799 - d. 1886)
                             Ahnem 
 1 Nov 1847 - 10 Jul 1850  George Isaäc Bruce                 (b. 1803 - d. 1850)  Mod
Commissioners of the King/Queen
10 Jul 1850 - 24 Oct 1850  George Isaäc Bruce                 (s.a.)               Mod
 1 Nov 1850 - 30 Jun 1864  Jonkheer Cornelis Backer           (b. 1798 - d. 1864)  Con
31 Jul 1864 - 18 Jul 1868  Eugène Jean Alexandre graaf van    (b. 1807 - d. 1876)  Lib
                             Bylandt 
30 Jan 1869 -  8 Jul 1878  Petrus Cornelis baron van Nahuys   (b. 1803 - d. 1882)  Lib
 8 Jul 1878 -  1 Jan 1893  Johan Herman Geertsema Carelszoon  (b. 1816 - d. 1908)  Lib
 1 Jan 1893 -  1 Jul 1893  Johan Aemelius Abraham van Panhuys (b. 1836 - d. 1907)
 1 Jul 1893 -  1 Aug 1909  Petrus Lycklama à Nyeholt          (b. 1842 - d. 1913)
16 Oct 1909 -  1 Jun 1925  Adolf Frederik Lodewijk graaf van  (b. 1865 - d. 1935)  Ind
                             Rechteren Limpurg Almelo 
 1 Jun 1925 - 31 Jul 1940  Alexander Eppo baron van Voorst    (b. 1880 - d. 1965)  RKSP
                             tot Voorst (1st time) 
Commissioners of the Province
 1 Aug 1940 -  9 Aug 1941  Alexander Eppo baron van Voorst    (s.a.)               RKSP
                             tot Voorst
 9 Aug 1941 - 26 Feb 1943  Jonkheer Egon Lodewijk Maria       (b. 1899 - d. 1943)  NSB
                             Theresia Joseph von Bönninghausen 
1943 - 14 Aug 1943         Klaas Atema (acting)               (b. 1878 - d. 1969)  NSB
14 Aug 1943 -  5 May 1945  Wilhelmus de Rijke                 (b. 1896 - d. 1971)  NSB
Representatives of the Reichskommissar for the Province of Overijssel
(Beauftragten des Reichskommissars für die Provinz Overijssel)

1940 - 31 Jul 1940         Kurt Hartong                                            NSDAP
31 Jul 1940 - 11 Mar 1943  Werner Schröder                    (b. 1898 - d. 19..)  NSDAP
11 Mar 1943 - 1945         Karl Günther Georg Weidlich                             NSDAP
Commissioners of the King/Queen
May 1945 -  6 May 1946     Alexander Eppo baron van Voorst    (s.a.)             RKSP;1945 KVP
                             tot Voorst (2nd time) 
 6 May 1946 -  1 Feb 1964  Johannes Baptista Gerardus Maria   (b. 1899 - d. 1990)  KVP
                             ridder de van der Schueren 
16 Feb 1964 -  1 May 1972  Otto Frans Antoine Hubert van      (b. 1907 - d. 1992)  KVP
                             Nispen tot Pannerden
15 May 1972 -  1 Jul 1988  Johannes "Jan" Leonardus Maria     (b. 1925 - d. 2005) KVP;1980 CDA
                             Niers
 1 Jul 1988 -  1 Jun 2002  Jan Andreas Marie Hendrikx         (b. 1941 - d. 2024)  CDA
 1 Jun 2002 -  1 Jan 2011  Geert Jan Jansen                   (b. 1946)            CDA
 1 Jan 2011 -
26 Oct 2017  Ank Bijleveld (f)                  (b. 1962)            CDA
26 Oct 2017 - 19 Dec 2017  Eddy van Hijum (acting)            (b. 1972)            CDA
19 Dec 2017 - 11 Jul 2018  Boele Staal (acting)               (b. 1947)            D66
11 Jul 2018 -              Andries Pieter Heidema             (b. 1962)            CU


Saba Public Body (Openbaar Lichaam)(from 2010): see Saba

Sint Eustatius Public Body (Openbaar Lichaam)(from 2010): see Sint Eustatius



Utrecht

[Provincial flag
                        of Utrecht 17th cent. (Netherlands)]
17th Century Flag

[Provincial flag of
                        Utrecht (Netherlands)]
Adopted 15 Jan 1952


Capital: Utrecht


Population: 93,000 (1795)

Population: Dutch Reformed 56%, Roman Catholic 39%, other 5% (1809)

696                        Bishopric of Utrecht (Episcopatus Ultraiectensis/Sticht Utrecht)
                             (secularized 1528).

1024                       Bishops become Princes of the Holy Roman Empire.
 3 Jan 1024                Comitatum de Trente (Drenthe) title
given to the Bishop of Utrecht
                             by Imperial patent.

14 Jun 1026                Comitatum in Testerbant (Teisterbant)(Gelderland) title given to
                             the Bishop of Utrecht by Imperial patent.

13 Dec 1042                Comitatus Agridiogensis sive Umbulaha (Ostufer der Zuiderzee)
                             (Overijssel) given to the
Bishop of Utrecht by Imperial patent.
23 Aug 1046                Comitatus in Hamalanda given to the
Bishop of Utrecht by
                             imperial patent.  
 7 Jan 1528 - 25 Oct 1555  Burgundian rule (Lordship of Utrecht [Heerlijkheid Utrecht]).
25 Oct 1555 -  9 Oct 1577  Spanish Habsburg rule.
 9 Oct 1577                In revolt, Willem recognized as governor by Staten van Utrecht.
23 Jan 1579                Adheres to the Union of Utrecht.
26 Jul 1581                Province of Utrecht (Provincie Utrecht), a province of the United
                             Netherlands.
16 May 1795 -  1 Jan 1796  United with Zuid-Holland to form departement Zuiderzee.
 1 Jan 1796                Batavian departement Utrecht.
23 Apr 1798 - 19 Sep 1801  Divided between departements of Texel and Rijn.
19 Sep 1801                Restoration of departement Utrecht.
13 Jul 1810 - Dec 1813     Merged with Amstelland as French département du Zuyderzée
                             (departement Zuiderzee)(see Zuid-Holland).
1814                       Province of Utrecht (restored).
15 May 1940 -  7 May 1945  German occupation.

Stadholders (Stadhouders van Utrecht)
 9 Oct 1577 - 10 Jul 1584  Willem I prins van Oranje          (b. 1533 – d. 1584)
                             graaf van Nassau 

10 Jul 1584 - 30 Sep 1584  Caspar van Bruxelles (acting)         
30 Sep 1584 - 21 Sep 1585  Joost de Soete heer van
Villers    (b. 1541 - d. 1589) 
21 Sep 1585 - 18 Oct 1589  Adolf Nieuwenaar graaf van Muers   (b. 1545 - d. 1589)
18 Oct 1589 - Feb 1590     .... (acting)       
Feb 1590 - 23 Apr 1625     Mauritz prins van Oranje 
         (b. 1567 - d. 1625)
                             graaf van Nassau         
1625 - 14 Mar 1647         Frederick Hendrick prins van   
   (b. 1584 - d. 1647)
                             Oranje graaf van Nassau   
14 Mar 1647 -  6 Nov 1650  Willem II prins van Oranje
        (b. 1626 - d. 1650)
                             graaf van Nassau         
 6 Nov 1650 - 26 Apr 1674  Vacant (authority reverted to the provincial Estates)
26 Apr 1674 - 19 Mar 1702  Willem III prins van Oranje
       (b. 1650 - d. 1702)
                             graaf van Nassau  
19 Mar 1702 -  3 May 1747  Vacant
(authority reverted to the provincial Estates)
 3 May 1747 - 18 Jan 1795  
the Stadholders of Holland

Secretaries of the Estates (Staten) of Utrecht
1578 - 1582                Willem van Lamsweerde              (b. 1550 - d. 1620)
1582 - 1588                Johan Strick de Jonge              (b. 1556 - d. 1604)
1588 - 1618                Gillis van Ledenbergh              (b. 1548 - d. 1618)  Stat
1618 - af.1653             Anthony van Hilten                 (b. 1586 - d. 1670)
c.1662                     Cornelis van Deuverden             (b. 1627 - d. 1670)
1667 - 1674                Wernard van Velthuysen             (b. 1611 - d. 1680)
1674 - 1685                Jonathan van Luchtenburg           (b. 1640 - d. 1685)
1685 - af.1696             Paulus Voet van Winssen            (b. 1651 - d. 1720)
bf.1724 - 1742             Gijsbert Voet van Winssen          (b. 1679 - d. 1742)
c.1759                     Gijsbert Franco de Milan Visconti  (b. 1693 - d. 1780)
bf.1767 - 1781             Cornelis Anthony Vos               (b. 1722 - d. 1781)
17.. - 1795?               Johannes van Doelen                (b. 1751 - d. 1828)
Provisionele Representanten van het volk van Utrecht

(Provisional Representatives of the People of Utrehct)
c.4 - 26 Feb 1795          Samuel Essenius (1st time)         (b. 1755 - d. 1811)
c.4 - 21 Mar 1795          Samuel Essenius (2nd time)         (s.a.)
c.11 - 15 Apr 1795         Daniel Michiel Gijsbert Heldewier  (b. 1753 - d. 1822)
c.1 May 1795               Jacobus van Manen                  (b. 1752 - d. 1822)
c.8 May 1795               Jacobus (Jacob) van Pembroek       (b. 1754 - d. 1809)
                             (1st time)
c.18 - 29 May 1795         Steven Camp                        (b. 1753 - d. 1817)
c.6 Jun 1795               Th. van Leeuwen
c.29 Jun 1795              Samuel Essenius (3rd time)         (s.a.)
c.21 Jul 1795              Jan Pieter Westerwijk Forsborgh    (b. 1768 - d. 1822)
c.31 Jul 1795              Nicolaas van Ossenberch
c.21 - 29 Oct 1795         Gerardus Anthony Visscher          (b. 1762 - d. 1827)
c.17 - 27 Dec 1795         Adriaan van Scherpenz (Seel)       (b. 1736 - d. 1806)
c.8 Jan 1796               Samuel Essenius (4th time)         (s.a.)
c.11 - 20 Feb 1796         Theunis J. Steenbeek (1st time)    (b. 1763 - d. ....)
c.17 Mar 1796              Johannes Laurentius Banens         (b. 1740 - d. 1822)
c.24 Mar 1796              Bernardus Jurrns (1st time)        (b. 1754 - d. 1817)
c.7 - 14 Apr 1796          Jan Pieter Westerwijk Forsborgh    (b. 1768 - d. 1822)
c.26 Apr 1796              J. Sluyter
c.12 May 1796              Jacob de Joncheere                 (b. 1758 - d. 1840)
c.26 May 1796              Theunis J. Steenbeek (2nd time)    (s.a.)
c.30 May 1796              Gerrit van Bosvelt                 (b. 1756 - d. 1819)
c.9 - 17 Jun 1796          Jacobus (Jacob) van Pembroek       (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
c.4 - 5 Aug 1796           Joachim van Vliet
c.10 - 19 Aug 1796         J. Story
19 Aug 1796 - 22 Aug 1796  A. van Scherpenseel (
Scherpenzeel)
c.10 - 15 Oct 1796         Bernardus Jurrns (2nd time)        (s.a.)
17 Oct 1796                Jacobus (Jacob) van Pembroek       (s.a.)
                             (3rd time)
Provinciaal Bestuur van Utrecht  

17 Oct 1796 - 23 Feb 1798 
Frans van Vliet
17 Oct 1796 - 27 Sep 1797  J. Jansen
17 Oct 1796 - 23 Feb 1798  Pieter Hieronymus van Westrenen    (b. 1768 - d. 1845)
                             van Themaat

17 Oct 1796 - 23 Feb 1798  Paulus Marinus Bijleveldt          (b. 1770 - d. 1841)
17 Oct 1796 - 23 Feb 1798  Henricus Wilhelmus Bosch           (b. 1768 - d. 1800)
17 Oct 1796 - 23 Feb 1798  Jacobus (Jacob) van Pembroek       (s.a.)
17 Oct 1796 - 23 Feb 1798  Theodorus van der
Vliet 
17 Oct 1796 - 23 Feb 1798  Jacob de 
Joncheere                 (s.a.)
17 Oct 1796 - 23 Feb 1798  Pieter
Linthorst                   (b. 1757 - d. 1807)
17 Oct 1796 - 23 Feb 1798  Jan Diederik
Marchant              (b. 1766 - d. 1830)
17 Oct 1796 - 27 Sep 1797  B. Broere
17 Oct 1796 - 23 Feb 1798  T. Steenbeek                       (d. 1798)
17 Oct 1796 - 16 Feb 1798  Wennemar Hendrik 
Dröghoorn         (b. 1754 - d. 1813)
17 Oct 1796 - 29 Sep 1797  Gerrit van
Bosvelt                 (b. 1756 - d. 1819)
Nov 1796 - 23 Feb 1798     Steven Camp                        (s.a.)
Intermediair Administratief Bestuur van Utrecht  
179. - Dec 1798            F. Steenbergen
23 Feb 1798 - 30 Mar 1799  P. Brouwer
23 Feb 1798 - 30 Mar 1799  Paulus Marinus
Bijleveld           (s.a.)
23 Feb 1798 - 30 Mar 1799  Gerrit Nieuwenhuis
23 Feb 1798 - 30 Mar 1799  Jan Hendrik Valkenburg
23 Feb 1798 - 30 Mar 1799  Hendrik van der Burgh              (b. 1769 - d. 1844)
23 Feb 1798 - 30 Mar 1799  Jacob de
Joncheere                 (b. 1758 - d. 1840)
23 Feb 1798 - 31 Jul 1798  Pieter Linthorst                   (b. c.1757 - d. 1807)
23 Feb 1798 - 30 Mar 1799  Gerard van der Zoo                 (b. 1743 - d. 1826)
23 Feb 1798 - 1798         T. Steenbeek                       (s.a.)
 1 Aug 1798 - 30 Mar 1799  S
teven Camp                        (s.a.)
Departementaal Bestuur van de Rijn
20 Dec 1798 -  6 Mar 1799  Jan JDzn van 
Leeuwen (1st time)    (b. 1770 - d. 1837)
20 Dec 1798 -  4 Jun 1802  Adriaan
Coetzee
20 Dec 1798 -  4 Jun 1802  Steven Camp                        (s.a.)
20 Dec 1798 - 25 Jul 1801  Johan
Lulofs                       (b. 1751 - d. 1804)
20 Dec 1798 -  4 Jun 1802  Jacobus Adriaansz. van Manen       (b. 1752 - d. 1822)
21 Jan 1799 -  4 Jun 1802  Steven van Bronkhorst              (b. 1763 - d. 1826)
 2 Jul 1801 -  4 Jun 1802  Jan JDzn van Leeuwen (2nd time)    (s.a.)
 2 Jul 1801 -  4 Jun 1802  David van Sonsveld de Roller       (b. 1744 - d. 1817)
Commissaris van het uitvoerend bewind van Utrecht (Commissioner of the executive power)
15 Mar 1800 - 180.         Gerardus Anthony Visscher          (b. 1762 - d. 1827)

Departementaal Bestuur van Utrecht

 4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Jan Anthony
Taets van Amerongen    (b. 1769 - d. 1828)
 4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1802  Paulus Marinus 
Bijleveld           (s.a.)
 4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Cornelis Johannes Vos              (b. 1768 - d. 1819)
 4 Jun 1802 - May 1807     Andries Cornelis de Normandie van  (b. 1737 - d. 18..)
                             Schalkwijk

 4 Jun 1802 -  1 aug 1805  Philips Ram
                       (b. 1753 - d. 1817)
 4 Jun 1802 - May 1807     Steven Camp                        (s.a.)
 4 Jun 1802 -  9 Jun 1805  Hendrik Jacob van
Hengst           (b. 1742 - d. 1817)
 4 Jun 1802 - May 1807     Jan Hendrik van Lynden             (b. 1765 - d. 1854)
 4 Jun 1802 - Jul 1806     Willem
Craeyvanger (Craeijvanger)  (b. 1737 - d. 1806)
23 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  IJsbrand de Kock                   (b. 1745 - d. 1811)
29 Apr 1803 - 180.         J.A. Engelbart den Ouden
19 Jul 1805 - May 1807     Hendrik Aernout Laan               (b. 1735 - d. 1809)
26 Jul 1805 - May 1807     Willem van 
Dam van Isselt          (b. 1757 - d. 1832)
29 Sep 1805 - May 1807     Cornelis Johannes Vos              (b. 1768 - d. 1819)
Landdrost
 
4 Jun 1807 - 1811         Jan Hendrik van Lynden             (b. 1765 - d. 1854)
Sous-préfet d'Utrecht
19 May 1811 -  2 Dec 1813  J
an Maximiliaan baron van Tuyll    (b. 1771 - d. 1843)
                             van S
erooskerken van Vleuten
Commissioner-general
 2 Dec 1813 -  1 May 1814  Jan Maximiliaan baron van Tuyll    (s.a.)
                             van Serooskerken van Vleuten 

Governors
 1 May 1814 - Aug 1828     Jan Maximiliaan baron van Tuyll    (s.a.)
                             van Serooskerken van Vleuten 
21 Aug 1828 - 22 Oct 1830  Florent Joseph ridder van Ertborn  (b. 1784 - d. 1850)  Org
22 Oct 1831 -  5 Jan 1840  Lodewijk van Toulon                (b. 1767 - d. 1840)  Org
15 Sep 1840 -  1 Aug 1850  Frederik van de Poll               (b. 1780 - d. 1853)  Org
Commissioners of the King/Queen
 1 Aug 1850 -  1 Sep 1850  Frederik van de Poll               (s.a.)
 1 Sep 1850 - 31 Mar 1858  Schelto baron van Heemstra         (b. 1807 - d. 1864)  Lib
 1 Jun 1858 - 12 Apr 1860  Herman Hendrik Röell               (b. 1806 - d. 1883)
12 Apr 1860 - 22 Mar 1880  Elisa Cornelis Unico van Doorn     (b. 1799 - d. 1882)  Con
                             (acting to 1 May 1860)
 1 May 1880 -  1 Jan 1882  Jan Arend Godert baron de Vos van  (b. 1818 - d. 1905)  Lib
                             Steenwijk 
 1 Jan 1882 -  1 Oct 1888  Eduard Herman s'Jacob              (b. 1827 - d. 1912)  Con
15 Oct 1888 -  1 Aug 1905  Alexander baron Schimmelpenninck   (b. 1839 - d. 1918) CHP;1903 CHU
                             van der Oije van de Poll en 
                             Nijenbeek
 1 Aug 1905 -  1 Aug 1914  Francis David graaf                (b. 1854 - d. 1924)  ARP
                             Schimmelpenninck 
 1 Aug 1914 -  1 Apr 1924  Frederik Alexander Carel graaf     (b. 1873 - d. 1932)  ARP
                             van Lynden van Sandenburg
 1 May 1924 -  1 Mar 1934  Herman Theodoor s'Jacob            (b. 1869 - d. 1950)  CHU
 1 Jun 1934 - 31 Jul 1940  Lodewijk Hendrik Nicolaas Bosch    (b. 1884 - d. 1953)  CHU
                             ridder van Rosenthal (1st time)
Commissioners of the Province
 1 Aug 1940 -  5 Feb 1941  Lodewijk Hendrik Nicolaas Bosch    (s.a.)               CHU
                             ridder van Rosenthal 
 5 Feb 1941 - 20 Oct 1941  Frederik Ernst Müller              (b. 1889 - d. 1960)  NSB
20 Oct 1941 -  5 May 1945  Willem Bernard Engelbrecht         (b. 1881 - d. 1955)  NSB
Representatives of the Reichskommissar for the Province of Utrecht
(Beauftragten des Reichskommissars für die Provinz Utrecht)

Jun 1940 - 26 Jul 1940     Henning von Winterfeld             (b. 1901 - d. 1945)  NSDAP
26 Jul 1941 - 10 Aug 1941  Arthur Joachim                     (b. 1906 - d. ....)  NSDAP
11 Aug 1941 - 22 Oct 1941  Adolf Brandes (1st time)(interim)  (b. 1897 - d. 19..)  NSDAP  
Oct 1941 - 20 Apr 1942     Siegfried Sommer                   (b. 1910 - d. 1942)  NSDAP
20 Apr 1942 - 29 Jun 1942  Adolf Brandes (2nd time)(interim)  (s.a.)               NSDAP
Jun 1942 - 14 Oct 1942     Friedrich "Fritz" Himmerich        (b. 1906 - d. 1987)  NSDAP
Oct 1942 - May 1945        Bruno Müller-Reinert               (b. 1897 - d. 1954)  NSDAP
Commissioners of the King/Queen
 6 May 1945 -  1 Nov 1946  Lodewijk Hendrik Nicolaas Bosch    (s.a.)               CHU
                             ridder van Rosenthal (2nd time)
11 May 1945 - Jul 1946     Bernardus Johannes Josephus Wijkamp(b. 1879 - d. 1951)SDAP:1946 PvdA
                             (acting for Bosch)
 1 Apr 1947 -  1 Jul 1954  Marius Antoon Reinalda             (b. 1888 - d. 1965)  PvdA
 1 Jul 1954 -  1 Mar 1970  Constant Theodore Emo graaf van    (b. 1905 - d. 1990)  ARP
                             Lynden van Sandenburg 
11 Mar 1970 -  1 Mar 1980  Pieter Jacobus Verdam              (b. 1915 - d. 1998)  ARP
 1 Mar 1980 -  1 Oct 1985  Pieter van Dijke                   (b. 1920 - d. 2003) ARP;1980 CDA
16 Oct 1985 -  1 Jan 1998  Pieter Adriaan Cornelis Beelaerts  (b. 1932 - d. 2021)  CDA
                             van Blokland 
 1 Jan 1998 -  7 Jun 2007  Boele Staal                        (b. 1947)            D66
 7 Jun 2007 -  7 Jun 2013  Roel Robbertsen                    (b. 1948)            CDA
15 Sep 2013 -  1 Feb 2019  Willibrord van Beek                (b. 1949)            VVD
                             (acting to 1 Jan 2015)

 1 Feb 2019 -              Johan "Hans" Herman Oosters        (b. 1962)            PvdA



IJsselstein

[Barony of
                          IJsselstein c.1674-1795 (The Netherlands)]
c.1647 - 1795


Map of IJsselstein


Capital: IJsselstein


Population: 2,531 (1795)

Population: Roman Catholic 57%, Dutch Reformed 41%, other 2% (1809)

1279                       Barony of IJsselstein (Yselsteyn)(Baronie van IJsselstein).
1330 - 1551                Under the Egmont (Egmond) dynasty.
1551 - 15 Feb 1795         Under the Princes of Orange (Prins van Oranje).
1581                       Free Barony of Ijsselstein
(Vrije Baronie IJsselstein).
1585                       Protection levies imposed by the Dutch Estates-General.
15 May 1648                Relinquished by the Holy Roman Empire by the Peace of Münster
                             (signed 15 Jan 1648), not part of any Dutch province, not
                             subject to Dutch taxes, local ruler claims sovereignty.
16 Mar 1795                Annexed by Holland province.
 1 Mar 1796                Annexed to the Batavian Republic
(see Netherlands).
16 Mar 1815                Part of Netherlands, part of Utrecht province.

Barons (title Baron van IJsselstein)
1551 – 15 Feb 1795         the Princes of Orange
                           (see barons of Breda)

Stewards
(title Drossaard der Stad en Baronie van IJsselstein)
1682 – 1730                Johan Sautain (Sautyn)             (b. 1650 - d. 17..)
1730 - 1750                Johan Vultejus                     (b. 1687 - d. 1750)
1750 - 1762                Pieter Benjamin de Beaufort        (b. 1688 - d. 1776)
1762 - 1795                Joachim Ferdinand de Beaufort      (b. 1719 – d. 1807)



Zeeland

[Provincial
                          flag of Zeeland 17th cent. (Netherlands)]17th Century Flag
[Provincial flag
                          of Zeeland (Netherlands)]Adopted 14 Jan 1949


Capital: Middelburg


Population: 82,000 (1795)

Religions: Dutch Reformed 86%, Roman Catholic 11%, other 3% (1809)

Mar 1012                   Part of Flanders.
1167 - 1256                Condominium of the Counts of Flanders and Holland.
1256 - 1332                Ruled in personal union by Counts of Holland.
 6 Mar 1323                Count of Flanders, Louis II of Nevers, renounced claims
                             to Zeeland and Zeeland recognized the Count of Hainaut-Holland,
                             William I of Hainaut (b. 1287 – d. 1337), as count.
 6 Mar 1323                County of Zeeland (Comitatus Zelandiae/Graafschap Zeeland).
12 Apr 1433 - 25 Oct 1555  Burgundian rule (part of Holland).
25 Oct 1555 - 1572/77      Spanish Habsburg rule.
23 Jan 1579                Adheres to the Union of Utrecht.
26 Jul 1581                Province of Zeeland (Provincie Zeeland), a province of the United
                             Netherlands.
1585 - 1616                English hold Vlissingen (Flushing), Rammekens, and Den Briel
                            (Den Brill) as "security towns," pledged to England in security
                             for money lent to the Dutch at the height of war with Spain.

 1 Jan 1796                Batavian departement Zeeland.
23 Apr 1798                Departement van Schelde en Maas, formed from Zeeland and the
                             areas of Breda and Bergen-op-Zoom.
19 Sep 1801                Renamed departement Zeeland.
21 Jan 1808                The city of Vlissingen annexed to France and made part
                             of the département l'Escaut (see under Belgium).
 1 Feb 1810                Remainder of Walcheren annexed to France.
13 Jul 1810 - 20 Nov 1813  Annexed to France, as département des Bouches-de-l'Escaut
                             (departement Monden van de Schelde).
1814                       Province of Zeeland (restored).
17 May 1940 -  6 Nov 1944  German occupation (Zeelandic Flanders [Zeeuws-Vlaanderen] occupied
                             27 May 1940-19/20 Sep 1944).

Stadholders (title Stadhouders van Holland en Zeeland
1572 - 16 Feb 1795         the Stadholders of Holland

Pensionaries of the Council (Raadpensionaris, usually translated 

Grand Pensionaries)
 3 Jul 1578 - 18 May 1597  Christoffel Paulszoon Roëls        (b. 1540 - d. 1597)
1587 - 1588                Sir Philip Sydney -
English governor
                             (at Flushing)
1588 - 1616                Sir Robert Sidney -English governor
(b. 1563 - d. 1626)
                             (at Flushing)
25 Mar 1599 - 11 Jan 1615  Johan van de Warck                 (d. 1615)
18 Feb 1615 - Jun 1625     Bonifacius Janszoon de Jonge       (b. 1567 - d. 1625)
                             heer van Oosterland
28 Oct 1625 -  1 Nov 1629  Johan Jacobszoon Boreel            (b. 1577 - d. 1629)
19 Feb 1630 - 19 Apr 1641  Boudewijn de Witte                 (b. c.1579 - d. 1641)
19 Apr 1641 - 23 May 1649  Cornelis van Stavenisse            (b. 1595 - d. 1649)
                             (contemporary spelling Staefvenisse)
16 Aug 1649 -  7 Nov 1658  Johan de Brune "de Oude"           (b. 1588 - d. 1658)
29 Nov 1658 - 25 Nov 1663  Adriaan Veth                       (b. 1608 - d. 1663)  Stat
19 Mar 1664 -  7 Nov 1687  Pieter de Huybert heer van         (b. 1622 - d. 1697)  Org
                             Burch en Kraaijestein
10 Oct 1687 - 16 Aug 1718  Jacob Verheije                     (b. 1640 - d. 1718)
28 Nov 1718 - 28 Sep 1734  Caspar van Citters                 (b. 1673 - d. 1734)  Stat
 2 Nov 1734 - 23 Mar 1750  Dignus Dignuszoon Keetlaer         (b. 1764 - d. 1750)
31 May 1751 - 31 Jan 1756  Johan Pieter Recxstoot             (b. 1701 - d. 1756)  Org
 3 Jan 1757 -  1 Jun 1760  Jacob du Bon                       (b. 1695 - d. 1760)  Org
15 Dec 1760 - 26 May 1766  Wilhem van Citters                 (b. 1723 - d. 1802) 
26 May 1766 -  6 May 1770  Adriaan Nicolaaszoon Steengracht   (b. 1731 - d. 1770)  Org
                             heer van Grijpskerke en Poppendamme
13 Aug 1770 - 12 May 1785  Johan Marinus Johnszoon Chalmers   (b. 1720 - d. 1796)
22 Sep 1785 -  3 Dec 1787  Laurens Pieter Laurenszoon van de  (b. 1736 - d. 1800)  Org
                             Spiegel (also raadpensionaris
                             of Holland and Westfriesland)
25 Apr 1788 - 17 Feb 1795  Willem Aarnout van Citters         (b. 1741 - d. 1811)  Org
Presidenten van Provisionele Representanten van het volk van Zeeland
(Presidents of the Provisional Representatives of the People of Zeeland)
17 Feb 1795 - 20 Jun 1798  ....
20 Oct 1795 - 179.         Willem Aernout de
Beveren          (b. 1749 - d. 1820)
22 Dec 1795 - 179.         Cornelis Gerrit 
Bijleveld          (b. 1765 - d. 1849)
Intermediair Administratief Bestuur van Zeeland

Jun 1798 - 1798            Marinus Tak                        (b. 1743 - d. 1815)
20 Jun 1798 -  3 Feb 1798  Jean Henri
Appelius                (b. 1767 - d. 1828)
20 Jun 1798 - 1798         Adriaan van Solingen (Zolingen)    (b. 1758 - d. 1830)
Commissarissen van het uitvoerend bewind van Schelde en Maas
(Commissioners of the executive power)
22 Feb 1799 - 15 Jul 1801  Abraham van Linden van den Heuvell (b. 1756 - d. 1832)
15 Jul 1801 - Nov 1801     Leonard Constantijn van Sonsbeek   (b. 1739 - d. 1812)

Departementaal Bestuur van de Schelde en Maas
(from 19 Sep 1801, Zeeland)
20 Dec 1798 -  4 Jun 1802  Johannes
Vergroesen                (b. 1767 - d. 1836)
20 Dec 1798 -  4 Jun 1802  Pieter Vermaat
Mar 1799 - 1801            Coenraad Casparsz. Visser          (b. 1755 - d. 1808)
11 Apr 1799 -  4 Jun 1802  Pieter
Beelaerts                   (b. 1772 - d. 1847)
27 Jun 1799 -  4 Jun 1802  Johan Cornelis van
Stapele  
26 Jun 1800 -  4 Jun 1802  Bartholomeus van der
Kreke         (b. 1750 - d. 1814)
30 Jun 1801 -  4 Jun 1802  Gijsbertus Bernardus 
Buysen        (b. 1747 - d. 1812)
 2 Jul 1801 -  4 Jun 1802  Anthony van Weel                   (b. 1746 - d. 1813)
Departementaal Bestuur van Zeeland
 4 Jun 1802 - May 1807     Zacharias
Paspoort                 (b. 1759 - d. 1824)  
 4 Jun 1802 - Oct 1806     Abraham van Doorn                  (b. 1760 - d. 1814)
 4 Jun 1802 - 24 Jul 1802  Martinus Johann
Veth van de Perre  (b. 1747 - d. 1802)
                             van Westkapelle

 4 Jun 1802 -  1 Aug 1805  Petrus Gulielmus Schorer           (b. 1750 - d. 1817) 
 4 Jun 1802 - May 1807     Johan Willem Schorer               (b. 1759 - d. 1812) 
 4 Jun 1802 - Jul 1805     Jan Bijleveld                      (b. 1736 - d. 1807)
 4 Jun 1802 - Jul 1805     Willem Anthonie de Haze 
Bomme      (b. 1765 - d. 1865)
15 Jun 1802 - Jun 1805     Paulus Ball                        (b. 1765 - d. 1805)
15 Jun 1802 - Jul 1805     Johan Cornelis van Stapele 

19 Jul 1805 - May 1807     Samuel Schuurbeque
Boeye           (b. 1757 - d. 1819)
19 Jul 1805 - May 1807     François Ermerins                  (b. 1753 - d. 1840)
Landdrost 
 8 May 1807 - 1809         Abraham van Doorn                  (s.a.)
 8 Sep 1809 - 16 Mar 1810  François Ermerins                  (s.a.)
Prefects of Bouches-de-l'Escaut
19 May 1810 - Jan 1811     Patrice Charles Ghislain de        (b. 1770 - d. 1827)
                             Coninck 
10 Jan 1811 - Jan 1814     Pierre Joseph baron Pycke          (b. 1771 - d. 1820)
                            (from Dec 1813 in opposition)
Commissioners-general of
Bouches-de-l'Escaut/Monden van de Schelde
Dec 1813 - 16 May 1814     François Clement de Jonge          (b. 1766 - d. 1834)
                           + Willem Frederik van der Burcht
   (b. 1777 - d. 1845)
                               van Lichtenberg                
                         
  + Jacob Hendrik Schorer            (b. 1760 - d. 1822)
                               (from Jan 1814)          
Governors
16 May 1814 - 18 Sep 1817  Jacob Hendrik Schorer              (s.a.)
19 Mar 1818 -  1 Aug 1826  Henri Jacob baron van Doorn        (b. 1786 - d. 1853)  Con

                             van Westcapelle 
                            (acting [for Schorer to 18 Sep 1817] to 19 Mar 1818)
 1 Aug 1826 -  1 Aug 1850  Ewoud van Vredenburch              (b. 1779 - d. 1861)

                            (from 22 August 1847, Ewout baron van Vredenburch)
Commissioners of the King/Queen
 1 Aug 1850 -  1 Jan 1853  Ewoud baron van Vredenburch        (s.a.)
 1 Jan 1853 - 18 Mar 1858  Jacob George Hieronymus van        (b. 1812 - d. 1885)  Lib
                             Tets van Goudriaan
31 Mar 1858 -  2 Mar 1860  Schelto baron van Heemstra         (b. 1807 - d. 1864)  Con-Lib
16 Mar 1860 - 19 Apr 1876  Rudolph Willem baron van Lynden    (b. 1808 - d. 1876)
                            (from 12 May 1874, Rudolph Willem graaf van Lynden)
 9 May 1876 - 20 Aug 1879  Willem Six                         (b. 1829 - d. 1908)  Lib
15 Sep 1879 - 16 Jun 1884  Jonkheer Abraham Pieter Cornelis   (b. 1836 - d. 1925)  Lib
                             van Karnebeek 
16 Jun 1884 - 29 Jun 1897  Jonkheer Willem Maurits de Brauw   (b. 1838 - d. 1898)  ARP
 1 Jul 1897 -  1 May 1906  Albert Johan Roest                 (b. 1837 - d. 1920)  Lib
 1 May 1906 -  1 May 1921  Herman Jacob Dijckmeester          (b. 1847 - d. 1942)  Lib
 1 May 1921 - 31 Jul 1940  Jonkheer Johan Willem Quarles van  (b. 1882 - d. 1951)  CHU
                             Ufford (1st time)
Commissioners of the Province
 1 Aug 1940 - 12 Sep 1940  Jonkheer Johan Willem Quarles van  (s.a.)               CHU
                             Ufford 
Sep 1940 - Nov 1944        Petrus Dieleman                    (b. 1873 - d. 1961)  ARP/NSB
Representatives of the Reichskommissar for the Province of Zeeland
(Beauftragten des Reichskommissars für die Provinz Seeland)

1940 - 26 Jul 1940         Franz Linde                                             NSDAP
Jul 1940 - Nov 1944        Wilhelm "Willy" Karl Ernst Münzer  (b. 1895 - d. 1969)  NSDAP
Commissioners of the King/Queen
 6 Nov 1944 - 16 Nov 1944  Auguste "Guus" François Charles    (b. 1906 - d. 1965)  CHU
                             de Casembroot (1st time)(acting) 
16 Nov 1944 -  1 May 1947  Jonkheer Johan Willem Quarles van  (s.a.)               CHU
                             Ufford (2nd time)
 1 Feb 1948 - 10 Feb 1965  Auguste "Guus" François Charles    (s.a.)               CHU
                             de Casembroot (2nd time) 
 1 Jun 1965 -  1 Oct 1974  Johannes "Jan" van Aartsen         (b. 1909 - d. 1992)  ARP
16 Jan 1975 -  1 Aug 1992  Cornelis "Kees" Boertien           (b. 1927 - d. 2002) ARP;1980 CDA
16 Sep 1992 -  1 Feb 2007  Willem "Wim" Teunis van Gelder     (b. 1942)            CDA
 1 Mar 2007 -  1 Mar 2013  Karla Maria Henriëtte Peijs (f)    (b. 1944)            CDA
 1 Mar 2013 -              Johannes "Han" Marcellus Maria     (b. 1963)            D66
                             Polman


English Cautionary Towns (Flushing and Den Brill)

[Flag of England]

Aug 1585 - 1616            Staten-Generaal grants the cities of Vlissingen (Flushing),
                             Fort of Rammekens, and Den Briel (Den Brill) to England
                             for 30 years as "Cautionary Towns" for payment of the money
                             lent to the Dutch during the independence war with Spain.

Governors in Den Brill
12 Oct 1585 - 1588         Sir Thomas Cecil                   (b. 1542 - d. 1623)
1588 - 1597                Thomas Burgh, Baron Burgh          (b. 1558 - d. 1597)
1597 - 28 Aug 1609         Sir Francis de Vere                (b. 1560 - d. 1609)
1609 - 1616                Sir Horatio de Vere, Baron Vere    (b. 1565 - d. 1635)
                             of Tilbury 
Lieutenant governor of Brill
1597 - 1616                Sir Edward Conway                  (b. 1564 – d. 1631)  

Governors in Flushing and Ft. Rammekens
 9 Nov 1585 - 17 Oct 1586  Sir Philip Sidney                  (b. 1554 - d. 1586)
Nov 1586 - 1587            Sir Thomas Morgan                  (b. 1540 - d. 1595)
1587 - end 1589            Sir William Russell                (b. 1557 - d. 1623)
1589 - May 1590            Sir William Borlase (acting)       (b. c.1564 - d. 1629)  
May 1590 - 1616            Sir Robert Sidney                  (b. 1563 - d. 1626)

Lieutenant governors of Flushing

1594 - Apr 1611            Sir William Browne                 (b. 1558 - d. 1611)
1611 - 1616                John Throckmorton                  (b. c.1554 - d. 1624)


Flanders of the States (Staats-Vlaanderen)

Capital: Middelburg
Population: 30,000 (1795, est.)
Religions: Dutch Reformed 53%, Roman Catholic 47% (1809)

 6 Nov 1583                Dutch occupy the town of Terneuzen, which becomes their first major
                             permanent possession in the northern zone of the county of
                             Flanders contested between Spain and the Republic. Other conquests
                             follow in the course of the following years.
13 Aug 1588                Administration of the conquered areas is entrusted to the Province
                             of Zeeland.
 6 Nov 1599                The conquered areas are placed under a separate administration, the
                             Council of Flanders (Flanders of the States [Staats-Vlaanderen]),
                             administered by the Staten-Generaal as a Generality Land.
 4 Nov 1645                Town of Hulst is the last Dutch conquest.
30 Jan 1648                By Treaty of Münster, Spain recognizes the Dutch conquests;
                             relinquished by the Holy Roman Empire to sovereignty of the United
                             Netherlands.

20 Sep 1664                Frontier fixed between the Spanish held County of Flanders and
                             the Staats-Vlaanderen.
26 Aug 1794                Beginning of French conquest of the Staats-Vlaanderen.
23 Oct 1794                Staats-Vlaanderen is completely occupied by France.
1794/95                    Staats-Vlaanderen organized as the arrondissement Sas-de-Gand
                             (Dutch: Sas-van-Gent).
16 May 1795                Staats-Vlaanderen is ceded to France by the Batavian Republic.
13 Feb 1796 - Dec 1813     Annexed to France, as part of the département de l'Escaut
                             (departement Schelde)
(see under Belgium). Its territory is divided
                             into 5 cantons:
Axel, Hulst, Ijzendijke, Oostburg and Sluis.
22 Mar 1800                The five cantons are re-grouped into the Sub-prefecture of
                             Sas-de-Gand (Dutch: Sas-van-Gent) within département l'Escaut
                             (Schelde).

24 Sep 1803                Re-named Sub-prefecture Eeclo (Dutch: Eeklo) within département
                             l'Escaut (Schelde).
Jan 1814                   Beginning of the liberation of Staats-Vlaanderen by the Dutch.
 6 Feb 1814                Commissioner-general of Bouches-de-l'Escaut (Dutch: Monden van
                             de Schelde) is entrusted with organization of liberated areas.
29 Mar 1814                Staats-Vlaanderen is formally included in province of Brabant (not
                             implemented).
 7 May 1814                All of Staats-Vlaanderen is liberated.
20 Jul 1814                Incorporated into Zeeland province.

President-raadsheer Raad van Vlaanderen te Middelburg (Council of Flanders)
(subordinated to the Staten-Generaal)
 8 Jul 1598 - 1602         Cornelis Taymont                   (d. c.1602)
 2 Feb 1602 - 1605         Anthonie Taymont                   (d. c.1605)
Dec 1605 - 14 Mar 1634     Johan Huyssen                      (b. 1566 - d. 1634)
 9 May 1645 - 1670         Willem Roels                       (b. 1595 - d. 1670)
19 Dec 1676 -  7 Feb 1696  Bartholomeus Cau                   (b. 1641 - d. 1696)
 9 Feb 1696 - 27 Sep 1709  Pieter van der Merct               (d. 1709)
 1 Oct 1709 - 14 Jun 1713  Cornelis van den Helm Boddaert     (b. 1661 - d. 1713)
17 Jun 1713 - 1720         Willem Winkelman                   (d. c.1720)
31 Jan 1720 - Aug 1750     Cornelis van den Brande van        (b. c.1673 - d. 1750)
                             Cleverskerke
 8 Sep 1750 - 15 Aug 1761  Herman de Keijser                  (b. 1675 - d. 1761)
18 Aug 1761 - 24 Dec 1765  Pieter de Kokelaar                 (b. c.1690 - d. 1765)
31 Dec 1765 - 1795         Willem Schorer                     (b. 1717 - d. 1800)
Sub-Prefects of Sas-de-Gand/Sas-van-Gent
11 Jun 1800 - Sep 1800     ... Aubert
15 Sep 1800 - Nov 1802     ... Robert
26 Nov 1802 - 20 Dec 1802  François-Pierre Eversdyck          (b. 1735 - d. 1802)
14 Jan 1803 - 24 Sep 1803  André-Etienne Bazénerie (Bazenerye)(b. 1765 - d. 1847)
Sub-Prefect of Eeclo/Eeklo
24 Sep 1803 - Dec 1813     André-Etienne Bazénerie (Bazenerye)(s.a.)
Commissioner-general of Bouches-de-l'Escaut/Monden van de Schelde
Dec 1813 - Apr 1814        François Clement de Jonge          (b. 1766 - d. 1834)



Zuid-Holland (South Holland)

 
[old Provincial flag
                        of Zuid-Holland 1948-1985 (Netherlands)]
22 Jun 1948 - 24 Oct 1985
[Provincial flag of
                        Zuid-Holland (Netherlands)]
Adopted 24 Oct 1985

13 Jul 1810 - 30 Nov 1813  Annexed to France as département du Zuyderzée (departement
                             Zuiderzee), formed
from Amstelland [Holland] and Utrecht.
1814                       Re-incorporated into province of Holland; with a regional governor.
 7 Oct 1840                Province of South Holland (Provincie Zuid-Holland).
15 May 1940 -  4 May 1945  German occupation.

Prefects of Zuyderzée
25 Dec 1810 - 11 Feb 1811  Jan van Styrum (interim)           (b. 1757 - d. 1824)
11 Feb 1811 - 30 Nov 1813  Antoine Philippe Ghislain Visscher (b. 1779 - d. 1841)
Commissioner-general
 3 Dec 1813 - 30 Apr 1814  Arnold Willem Nicolaas van Tets    (b. 1771 - d. 1837)
                             van Goudriaan
Governors of Zuid-Holland
 6 Apr 1814 -  4 Dec 1817  Frédéric Auguste van Leijden van   (b. 1768 - d. 1821)
                             Westbarendrecht
12 Dec 1817 -  1 Mar 1844  Frans-Adam graaf van der Duyn      (b. 1771 - d. 1848)  Lib
                             van Maasdam
 1 Mar 1844 - 31 Dec 1847  Johan Adriaan ridder van der Heim  (b. 1791 - d. 1870)  Con
                             van Duyvendijke (1st time) 
 1 Jan 1848 - Jun 1848     Jonkheer Leonard Robert Gevaerts   (b. 1774 - d. 1864)
                             (acting)
 3 Jun 1848 -  1 Aug 1850  Eugène Jean Alexandre graaf van    (b. 1807 - d. 1876)  Lib
                             Bylandt 
Commissioners of the King/Queen
 1 Aug 1850 -  1 Jun 1853  Eugène Jean Alexandre graaf van    (s.a.)               Lib
                             Bylandt 
 1 Jun 1853 - 11 Feb 1862  Johan Adriaan ridder van der Heim  (s.a.)               Con
                             van Duyvendijke (2nd time) 
11 Feb 1862 -  1 Nov 1871  James Loudon                       (b. 1824 - d. 1900)  Lib
                             (acting to 1 Mar 1862)
 1 Dec 1871 -  1 Mar 1900  Cornelis Fock                      (b. 1828 - d. 1910)  Lib
 1 Mar 1900 - 27 Mar 1911  Jacob Gerard Patijn                (b. 1836 - d. 1911)  Lib
18 Apr 1911 -  3 Jan 1928  Emile Claude baron Sweerts de      (b. 1852 - d. 1928)  ARP
                             Landas Wyborgh
                             (acting to 1 May 1911)
 1 Mar 1928 -  1 Aug 1940  Jonkheer Herman Adriaan van        (b. 1874 - d. 1942)  Lib
                             Karnebeek
Commissioners of the Province
 1 Aug 1940 - 29 Apr 1942  Jonkheer Herman Adriaan van        (s.a.)               Lib
                             Karnebeek
30 Apr 1942 - 27 Jan 1943  Emanuel Johannes Matheus Hubertus  (b. 1886 - d. 1952)  KVP
                             Bolsius (1st time) (acting)
28 Jan 1943 - Aug 1943     Robert van Genechten               (b. 1895 - d. 1945)  NSB
Aug 1943 -  4 May 1945     Emanuel Johannes Matheus Hubertus  (s.a.)               KVP
                             Bolsius (2nd time) (acting)
Representative of the Reichskommissar for the Province of Zuid-Holland
(Beauftragte des Reichskommissars für die Provinz Südholland)

Jun 1940 - May 1945        Ernst August Schwebel              (b. 1886 - d. 1955)  NSDAP 
Commissioners of the King/Queen
May 1945 - 15 Sep 1945     Abraham "Bram" Arnold Lodewijk     (b. 1884 - d. 1966)  ARP
                             Rutgers (acting) 
16 Sep 1945 - 15 Oct 1955  Lodewijk Albert Kesper             (b. 1892 - d. 1963) VDB;1948 VVD
16 Jan 1956 -  1 Mar 1972  Jan Klaasesz                       (b. 1907 - d. 1997)  PvdA
 1 Apr 1972 -  1 Jun 1984  Maarten Vrolijk                    (b. 1919 - d. 1994)  PvdA
16 Jun 1984 -  1 Jun 1994  Schelto Patijn                     (b. 1936 - d. 2007)  PvdA
 1 Sep 1994 - 16 Oct 1999  Joan Marika Leemhuis-Stout (f)     (b. 1946)            VVD
16 Oct 1999 -  3 May 2000  David Luteijn (acting)             (b. 1943)            VVD
 3 May 2000 -  1 Jan 2014  Jan Franssen                       (b. 1951)            VVD
 1 Jan 2014 -              Jaap Smit                          (b. 1957)            CDA



Rijnmond

 5 Nov 1964                Public Body Rijnmond (Openbaar Lichaam Rijnmond) created from
                             the Rotterdam port area part of
Zuid-Holland.
14 Sep 1965                Begins to function.
 1 Feb 1986                Public Body Rijnmond dissolved, functions are transferred
                             to
Zuid-Holland province.

Chairmen of the Public Body Rijnmond
20 May 1965 - 16 Oct 1968  Victor "Vic" Gerard Marie Marijnen (b. 1917 - d. 1975)  KVP
16 Dec 1968 -  1 Mar 1978  Willem Anthonius Fibbe             (b. 1913 - d. 1996 ARP;1980 CDA
Mar 1978 -  1 Nov 1978     Pieter "Piet" Arie de Ruyter       (b. 1939 - d. 2014 PvdA
                             (acting)
 1 Nov 1978 - 16 Nov 1982  Adriaan "Ad" Pieter Oele           (b. 1923 - d. 2017)  PvdA
Nov 1982 - 16 Apr 1983     Johan C. de Jong (acting)          (b. c.1944)          PvdA
16 Apr 1983 -  1 Feb 1986  Arie Andries "André" van der Louw  (b. 1933 - d. 2005 PvdA


German areas temporarily annexed by the Netherlands (1949-1963): see under Germany






© Ben Cahoon