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Mali Traditional states

States Dina (Sise Jihad state) - Ka'arta - Kenedugu - Masina - Segu - Tijaniyya Jihad state - Timbuktu - Wassulu (Samori Empire) -

Note: This account contains: (A) the Fulbe (Peul) state of Masina; (B) the Bamana states of Segu and Ka`arta; (C) the Sise Jihad state founded by Shaykhu Ahmadu, encompassing Masina and surrounding territories, and styled Dina; (D) the Tijaniyya Jihad state founded by `Umar ibn Sa`id, encompassing parts of Segu and Ka`arta and all of Masina; (E) the Malinke states of
Kenedugu and Wassulu, the latter expanding to form the "Samori Empire."; (F) the pashalik of Timbuktu.

Masina

1400                       Masina state founded.
1824                       Incorporated into Dina, the Sise Jihad state.
16 May 1862                Incorporated into the Tijaniyya Jihad state.
 4 May 1893                Masina state re-established.
26 Dec 1902                Masina state extinguished by French colonial government.

Rulers (title Ardo)
1696 - 1706                Gueladio
1706 - 1761                Guidado
1761 - 1780                Hammadi V
1780 - 1801                Ya Gallo
1801 - 1818                Ahmadi Dikko Gurori II
1818 - 1824                Nguru
 4 May 1893 - 26 Dec 1902  Muhammadu `Ajibu ibn `Umar


Segu

1652                       Kulubali (Biton-si-u) dynasty founded.
1712                       Segu state established by Kulubali dynasty.
1748 - 1750                Period of anarchy.
10 Mar 1861                Partially incorporated into Tijaniyya Jihad state.
11 Apr 1890                Segu state fully re-established.
1893                       Segu state extinguished by French colonial government.

Rulers (title Fama)
1712 - 1736                De-Koro
1736 - 1740                Tonmassa Dembele "Tonmansa"
1740 - 1744                Kanouba-Nyouma Bari
1744 - 1748                Kafadyougou
1748 - 1750                ....
1750 - 1787                Ngolo Dyara
1787 - 1808                Manson Makoto
                            (to 1792 in Segu Sikoro only)
1808 - 1827                Da "Tonkomo"
1827 - 1839                Tyefolo
1839                       Nyenemba I
1839 - 1843                Vacant
1843 - 1849                Ben Keryengole
1849 - 1851                Kuma "Naluma"
1851 - 1854                Masala Demba
1854 - 1856                Turukoro Mari
1856 - 10 Mar 1861         Bina Ali
13 Apr 1861 - 1870         Kege Mari
1870 - 1878                Nyenemba II
1878                       Mamuru
1878 - 1883                Masaloma
1883 - 1887                Karamoko
1887 - 29 May 1890         Mari
1890 - 1893                Bodyan


Ka`arta

c.1630                     Kulubali (Masa-si) dynasty founded.
1754                       Ka`arta state established by Kulubali dynasty.
1861                       Partially incorporated into Tijaniyya Jihad state.
1888                       Ka`arta state fully re-established.
189.                       Ka`arta state extinguished by French colonial government.

Rulers (title Fama)
1690 - 1700                Sekolo "Bemfa"
1700 - 1709                Fulakoro
1709 - 1760                Sebe
1760 - 1780                Denibabo
1780 - 1799                Sirabo
1799 - 1808                Musakura "Fulafo"
1808 - 1811                Ntinkoro
1811 - 1815                Sakhaba
1815 - 1832                Bodyan Moriba
1832 - 1843                Nyaralen Garan
1843 - 1854                Mamadi "Kandyan"
1854 - 1867                Diringa Mori
1867 - 18..                Bussei
18.. - 18..                Dama
18.. - 18..                Allahi
18.. - 18..                Moriba
18.. - 18..                Gossi


Dina (the Sise Jihad state)

1818                       Shaykhu Ahmadu founds the Sise Jihad state.
16 May 1862                Conquered by the Tijaniyya Jihad state.

Imams (also styled Amir al-Mu´minin)
1818 - 19 Mar 1845         Shaykhu Ahmadu ibn Muhammadu Lobbo (b. 1773 - d. 1845)
                             Sise al-Masini
19 Mar 1845 - 27 Feb 1853  Ahmadu Shaykhu ibn Ahmadu
1853 - 16 May 1862         Ahmadu ibn Ahmadu                  (d. 1862)


The Tijaniyya Jihad state

10 Mar 1861                `Umar ibn Sa`id founds the Tijaniyya Jihad state in Segu
                             (sometimes referred to as "Tukulor [French: Toucouleur] empire").
1862                       Masina incorporated into Tijaniyya Jihad state.
1864                       Rulership split between Segu and Masina.
1890                       Segu lost.
29 Apr 1893                Tijaniyya Jihad state extinguished.

Imams (also styled Amir al-Muslimin)
10 Mar 1861 - 12 Feb 1864  `Umar ibn Sa`id                    (b. c.1797 - d. 1864)
- in Segu -
1864 - 1888                Ahmad ibn `Umar                    (b. 1840? - d. 1898)
                           (styled Amir al-Mu`minin from 1869)
- in Masina -
Rulers (title Amir al-Mu´minin)
1864 - 1887                Ahmad ibn Ahmad al-Tijani
1887 - 1888                Sa`id ibn `Umar al-Tafsir
1888 - 1891                Muniru ibn `Umar
1891 - 29 Apr 1893         Ahmad ibn `Umar 


Kenedugu

bf.1650                    Kenedugu state founded by Nanka Traore.
 2 May 1898                Kenedugu state extinguished by French colonial government.

Rulers (title Fama)
bf.c.1750                  .... [unknown]
c.1750                     Daula Ba Traore
c.1800                     Tapri
c.1820                     Musa Toroma
1825 - 1835                Famorhoba
1835 - 1845                Nyanamagha
1845                       Tyemonkonko
1845 - 1860                Daula Ba
1860 - 1862                Dauda
1862 - 1877                Molokunansa
1877 - 28 Jan 1893         Tyeba                              (d. 1893)
28 Jan 1893 -  1 May 1898  Babemba                            (d. 1898)


Wassulu (from 1880, Samori Empire)

[Flag of Wassulu/Samori]

c.1880 - 29 Sep 1898       Samori Ture rules over a very large area, referred to
                             by historians as the "Samori Empire" or sometimes
                             the "Mandinka Empire."
29 Sep 1898                Samori's Empire extinguished by French colonial government.

Rulers (title Fama)
.... - ....                Mahmadu
.... - 1870                Dyanabufarina Modi
1870 - 1884                Samori ibn Lafiya Ture          (b. c.1830 - d. 1900)
                             (= Samory Touré) 
Rulers (title Almaami = Amir al-Mu´minin)
1884 - 29 Sep 1898         Samori ibn Lafiya Ture          (s.a.)


Timbuktu

c.1340 - 1433              Part of Mali.
1433 - 1468                Tuareg rule.
1468 - 1589                Part of Songhay.
1589 - 1670                Pashalik of Timbuktu, under suzerainty of Morocco.
1670 - 1787                Under suzerainty of Segu.
1787                       State extinguished.
1787 - 1813                Tuareg rule.
1813 - 1814                Part of Masina.
1814 - 1826                Tuareg rule.
1826 - 1844                Part of Masina.
 1844 - af.1854             Part of Sise Jihad state.
af.1854 - 1862             Tuareg rule.
1862 - 29 Spr 1893         Part of Tijaniyya Jihad state.

Pashas of Timbuktu
1589 - 1590/91             Judar
1590/91 - 1594/95          Mahmud
1594/95 - 1597/98          al-Mansur
1497/98 - 1598/99          Mahmud Taba`
1598/99 - 1599/1600        `Ammar al-Fita
1599/1600 - 1603/04        Sulaiman
1603/04 - 1611/12          Mahmud Longo
1611/12 - 1617             `Ali
1617                       Ahmad al-`Ilji
1617 - 1618                Haddu al-Ajnasi
1618 - 1621/22             Muhammad al-Massi
1621/22 - 1626/27          Yusuf al-Qasri
1626/27 - 1627/28          Ibrahim al-Jarrari
1627/28 - 1631/32          `Ali al-Qadir
1631/32                    `Ali al-Massi
1631/32 - 1633/34          Sa`ud `Ajrud al-Sharqi
1633/34 - 1634/35          `Abd al-Rahman
1634/35 - 1636/37          Sa`id al-Mahmudi
1636/37 - 1642/43          Mas`ud al-Za`ari
1642/43 - 1646/47          Muhammad
1646/47 - 1647/48          Ahmad al-Tilimsani
1647/48 - 1648             Hamid al-Haiyuni
1648 - 1650/51             Yahya al-Gharnati
1650/51 - 1653/54          Hammadi al-Ajnasi
1653/54 - 1654/55          Muhammad ibn Musa
1654/55 - 1556/57          Muhammad al-Shiadami
1656/57 - 1660             Muhammad al-Shatuki Qa`id Buya
                             (1st time)
1660 (1 day)               `Allal al-Harusi
1660 - 1660/61             al-Haj al-Mukhtar
1660/61                    Hammu al-`Ilji
1660/61 - 1661/62          `Ali al-Faraji
1661/62 - 1662/63          `Ali al-Tazarkini
1662/63 - 1665/66          `Ammar `Ajrud al-Sharqi
1665/66 - 1666/67          Muhammad al-Shatuki Qa`id Buya
                             (2nd time)
1666/67                    Nasr al-`Amashi al-Dar`i
1666/67 - 1667/68          `Abd al-Rahman al-Andalusi
1667/68 - 1670             Nasr al-Tilimsani
1670 - 1671/72             Muhammad al-Kuihil al-Sharqi
1671/72 - 1672/73          Muhammad al-Mubarak al-Dar`i
                             (1st time)
1672/73 - 1675/76          `Ali al-Dar`i I
1675/76 - 1678/79          Sa`id al-Fasi
1678/79 - 1679/80          `Abdallah al-Dar`i
1679/80 - 1680/81          Dhu`l-Nun al-Mukhtar al-Sharqi
                             (1st time)
1680/81                    Muhammad al-`Ilji (1st time)
1680/81 - 1681/82          Yahya al-Mubarak al-Dar`i
1681/82 - 1682             Dhu`l-Nun al-Mukhtar al-Sharqi
                             (2nd time)
1682                       Muhammad al-Mubarak al-Dar`i
                             (2nd time)
1682                       Ba-Haddu Salim al-Hassani
1682 (3 days)              al-Fa` Benkano al-Sharqi
                             al-Mudasani
1682 - 1683/84             Zenka `Abd al-Rahman al-Fasi
1683/84                    Muhammad al-`Ilji (2nd time)
1683/84 - 1684/85          `Ali al-`Amri
1684/85 - 1685/86          al-Mubarak al-Za`ari (1st time)
1685/86 - 1685/86          Sa`ud Bokarna (1st time)
1685/86 - 1686/87          al-Hassan al-Munabbih
1686/87 - 1687/88          `Abdallah al-Qa`id Hassan al-Dar`i
1687/88                    al-`Abbas al-`Amri
1687/88 - 1688/89          al-Mansur al-Za`ari Sanibar
                             (1st time)
1688/89 - 1689/90          Ahmad al-Tazarkini
1689/90 - 1690/91          Sa`ud Bokarna (2nd time)
1690/91                    Sanibar Buya (1st time)
1690/91 - 1692/93          Ibrahim al-Dar`i (1st time)
1692/93                    Baba Sayyid Hammadi al-Sharqi
1692/93 - 1693/94          al-Mubarak al-Za`ari (2nd time)
1693/94                    Ibrahim al-Dar`i (2nd time)
1693/94                    Dhu`l-Nun al-Mukhtar al-Sharqi
                             (3rd time)
1693/94 - 1694/95          Ahmad al-Khalifa al-Tilimsani
1694/95 - 1695/96          Sanibar Buya (2nd time)
1695/96                    `Abdallah al-A`mashi al-Dar`i
1695/96 - 1696/97          Hammadi al-Tazarkini (1st time)
1696/97                    al-Mubarak al-Dar`i
1696/97 (1 day)            Muhammad al-Sharqi al-Sana`uni
                             (1st time)
1696/97 - 1697/98          `Ali al-Dar`i II
1697/98                    Yahya al-Fishtani (1st time)
1697/98                    `Abdallah al-Tilimsani (1st time)
1697/98 - 1699/1700        al-Mansur al-Za`ari Sanibar
                             (2nd time)
1699/1700 - 1700/01        Hammadi al-Tazarkini (2nd time)
1700/01                    `Abdallah al-Tilimsani (2nd time)
1700/01 - 1701/02          Yusuf al-Dar`i
1701/02 - 1702/03          Muhammad al-Fasi
1702/03                    Ahmad al-Sharqi
1702/03                    `Ali al-Dar`i III
1702/03 - 1703/04          Santa`a al-Fasi
1703/04                    Mami al-Tazarkini (1st time)
1703/04                    Muhammad ibn Sa`id
1703/04 - 1704/05          Muhammad al-Sharqi al-Sana`uni
                             (2nd time)
1704/05                    Yahya Fishtani (2nd time)
1704/05                    `Abdallah al-Tilimsani (3rd time)
1704/05                    Sa`id al-Khabbazi
1704/05 - 1706/07          Mami al-Tazarkini (2nd time)
1706/07                    al-Mubarak al-Gharnati
1706/07 - 1707/08          Nasr al-A`mashi al-Dar`i
1707/08                    `Abdallah al-Tilimsani (3rd time)
1707/08 - 1708/09          `Ali al-Munabbih (1st time)
1708/09                    Muhammad al-Tazarkani I
1708/09 - 1709/10          Hammadi Zenko
1709/10                    Yahya Fishtani (3rd time)
1709/10 - 1710/11          Yahya al-Dar`i (1st time)
1710/11 - 1711/12          Ba-Bakribn Muhammad Sayyidi
1711/12                    Yusuf al-Dar`i (2nd time)
1711/12 - 1712/13          `Abd al-Qadir al-Tazarkani
1712/13                    `Abdallah al-Tilimsani (4th time)
1712/13                    `Ali al-Dar`i IV
1712/13 - 1713/14          al-Mansur al-Za`ari Sanibar
                             (3rd time)
1713/14                    Mami al-Tazarkini (3rd time)
1713/14                    `Ali al-Munabbih (2nd time)
1713/14 - 1714/15          `Abdallah al-`Imrani (1st time)
1714/15                    `Ammar ibn Sa`ud Bokarna
1714/15                    Ba-Haddu al-Dar`i I (1st time)
1714/15 - 1715             `Abdallah al-`Imrani (2nd time)
1715                       Ba-Haddu al-Dar`i I (2nd time)
1715                       Muhammad al-Tazarkini II
1715/16                    `Ali bin `Abd al-Ra`uf bin
                              Salih al-Dar`i
1715/16                    `Abdallah al-`Imrani (3rd time)
1715/16 - 1718/19          al-Mansur al-Za`ari Sanibar
                             (4th time)
1718/19 - 1720/21          Ba-Haddu al-Dar`i I (3rd time)
1720/21 - 1721/22          `Abd al-Ghaffar al-Tazarkani
1721/22 - 1725/26          `Abdallah al-`Imrani (4th time)
1725/26                    Mahmud Buya
1725/26 - 1726/27          `Abd al-Rahman al-Tazarkani
1726/27                    `Abdallah al-`Imrani (5th time)
1726/27 - 1728/29          Ba-Haddu al-Dar`i I (4th time)
1728/29 - 1729/30          Yusuf al-Dar`i (3rd time)
1729/30 - 1731/32          `Abdallah al-`Imrani (6th time)
1721/32                    Muhammad Bohhu al-Za`ari
1732/33 - 1733/34          al-Hassani al-Tazarkani
1733/34 - 1734/35          Muhammad al-Tazarkani III
                             (1st time)
1734/35 - 1735/36          Sa`id al-Tazarkani (1st time)
1735/36 - 1736/37          Hammadi al-Za`ari (1st time)
1736/37 - 1737/38          Sa`id al-Tazarkani (2nd time)
1737/38                    Hammadi al-Za`ari (2nd time)
1737/38                    Muhammad al-Tazarkani III
                             (2nd time)
1737/38 - 1738/39          al-Fa` Ibrahim al-Dar`i
1738/39                    Hammadi al-Dar`i
1738/39                    al-Fa` Ibrahim al-Tazarkani
1738/39 - 1739/40          Sa`id al-Za`ari (1st time)
1738/40 - 1740/41          Yahya al-Tazarkani
1740/41 - 1741/42          Baba-Sayyid Zenko (1st time)
1741/42                    al-Hassan al-`Amri
1741/42 - 1742/43          Sa`id al-Za`ari (2nd time)
1742/42 - 1743/44          Sa`id al-Tazarkani (1st time)
1743/44 - 1745/46          Sa`id al-Za`ari (3rd time)
1745/46 - 1746/47          Baba-Sayyid Zenko (2nd time)
1746/47 - 1748             al-Fa` Mahmud al-Shatuki
1748                       `Abd al-Ghaffar ibn Usama
                             al-Tazarkani
1748                       Ba-Bakr al-Dar`i
1748 - 17..                Sa`id al-Tazarkani (2nd time)
17.. - 17..                `Ali al-Dar`i V
17.. - 17..                `Ali Bokarna
17.. - 17..                Ba-Haddu al-Dar`i II
17.. - 1787                Baba-`Ali al-Tazarkini





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