States of Germany since 1918
Party
abbreviations: CDU = Christlich
Demokratische Union Deutschlands (Christian Democratic
Union of Germany, christian-democratic,
liberal conservative, center-right, est.26 Jun
1945); CSU = Christlich-Soziale
Union in Bayern (Christian Social Union in Bavaria,
christian democratic, christian
democratic, conservative, center-right, Bavaria
regionalist, est.13 Oct 1945); FDP
= Freie Demokratische Partei (Free
Democratic Party, liberal, centrist, FDP/Demokratische
Volkspartei [FDP/DVP] in Baden-Wurttemberg, est.12
Dec 1948); Grn
= Bündnis 90/Die Grünen (Alliance '90/The Greens,
environmental, center-left, Greens merged 14 May 1993 with
Alliance 90, est.13 Jan
1980); Lft = Die Linke (The Left, democratic
socialist, est.16 Jun 2007); SPD =
Sozialdemokratische Partei
Deutschlands (Social Democratic Party of
Germany, social-democratic, Marxist to 1925, 27 May
1875-22 Jun 1933, re-est.Oct 1945);
Mil = Military;
-
Former parties: ADV = Alldeutscher
Verband (All-German [or Pan-German] League, nationalist,
imperialist, 9 Apr 1891-13 Mar 1939); ASPD
= Alte Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands (Old Social
Democratic Party of Germany, Marxist communist, Saxony
regionalist, 8 Jun 1926-1 Jul 1932, split from SPD);
BCSV = Badische Christlich-Soziale
Volkspartei (Baden Christian Social People's Party,
christian-democratic, Baden regionalist, 16
Dec 1945-Apr 1947, merged into CDU);
BVP = Bayerische Volkspartei
(Bavarian People's Party, catholic conservative,
Bavarian regionalist, Nov 1918-4 Jul 1933);
CVP = Christliche
Volkspartei des Saarlandes (Saarland Christian
People's Party, christian democratic, Saarland
regionalist, 10 Jan 1946-19 Apr 1959, merged
into CDU); DDP =
Deutsche Demokratische Partei (German Democratic
Party, liberal democratic, center-left, 16 Nov 1918-28
Jun 1933); DemP =
Demokratische Partei (Democratic Party, liberal, in Baden
and Thüringen, 20 Jan 1946-Apr 1948, merged into FDP/DVP);
DNVP = Deutschnationale
Volkspartei (German National Party, conservative,
nationalist, monarchist, split from DKP, 24 Nov 1918-27
Jun 1933, merged into NSDAP); DP
= Deutsche Partei (German Party, national conservative, in
Niedersachsen 1946-49 as Niedersächsische
Landespartei, 1949-1964); DVP
= Deutsche Volkspartei (German People's Party, national
liberal, moderate nationalist, constitutional monarchist,
15 Dec 1918-4 Jul 1933, merged into NSDAP);
FP = Fortschrittspartei (Progressive
Party, left-wing liberal); FPB =
Freie-Pfalz-Bewegung (Free Palatinate Association, Pfalz
separatist, supported a neutral
independent Pfalz, Dec 1918-Dec 1919); RRVP
= Rheinisch-Republikanische Volkspartei
(Rhenish-Republican People's Party, social democratic, Bavarian
Pflaz autonomust, 1919-1923); KPD
= Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands (Communist Party of
Germany, communist, 1 Jan 1919-26 May 1933, 11 Jun 1945-21
Apr 1946, merged into SED, banned in West Germany 17 Aug
1956); LDPD =
Liberal-demokratische Partei Deutschlands (Liberal
Democratic Party of Germany, liberal, 5 Jul 1945-11 Aug
1990, from 9 Feb 1990 as Liberaldemokratische Partei,
merged 12 Feb 1990 into BFD which on 11 Aug
1990 merged into FDP); MSPD
= Mehrheitssozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands
(Majority Social Democratic Party of Germany, SPD
"Burgfriedensfraktion", 8 Apr 1917-Jan 1919); NLP
= Nationalliberale Partei (National Liberal
Party, liberal, 1866-Nov 1918); NSDAP
= Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei
(National Socialist German Workers' Party, German
nationalist, national socialist, Nazi
fascist, xenophobic, 14 Jul 1933-31 May
1945 only legal party, 24 Nov 1920-10
Oct 1945); PDS =
Partei des Demokratischen Sozialismus (Party of
Democratic Socialism, democratic socialist, former SED,
4 Feb 1990-16 Jun 2007, merged into Lft); SED
= Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands (Socialist
Unity Party of Germany, Marxist-Leninist communist,
1949-89 government party, 21 Apr 1946-4 Feb 1990, named
SED-PDS Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands-Partei
des Demokratischen Sozialismus [Socialist Unity Party of
Germany-Party of Democratic Socialism] 16
Dec 1989-4 Feb 1990, renamed PDS); SPB
= Sozialistischen Partei in Baden (Socialist Party in
Baden, socialist, Baden regionalist, 1946-Nov 1948); TLB
= Thüringer Landbund (Thuringian State Union,
nationalist conservative peasant party, Thuringia
regionalist, 1920-1933); USPD
= Unabhängige Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands
(Independent Social Democratic Party of
Germany, democratic socialist, centrist Marxist, pacifist,
split from SPD, 6 Apr 1917-1 Nov 1931, merged into
Sozialistische Arbeiterpartei Deutschlands [Socialist
Workers' Party of Germany]); Z
= Deutsche Zentrumspartei "Zentrum"
(German Center Party "Center", catholic,
centrist, christian democratic, 13 Dec 1870-5 Jul 1933)
Note: state flags (and anthems) were
abolished 15 Sep 1935 - May 1945.
Alsace-Lorraine
(1940-1945): see under France
Anhalt
-
- 18 Jul 1919 - 15 Sep 1935
|
Capital: Dessau
|
State
Anthem
"Dessauer Marsch"
|
Population: 436,200
(1939)
|
12 Nov
1918
Free State of Anhalt (Freistaat Anhalt).
30 Jan
1934
State of Anhalt (Land Anhalt)
9 Jul
1945
Merged into Sachsen-Anhalt.
Ministers of State
8 Nov 1918 - 14 Nov
1918 Max
Gutknecht
(b. 1876 - d. 1935) Non-party
14 Nov 1918 - 23 Jul
1919 Wolfgang
Heine
(b. 1861 - d. 1944) SDP
23 Jul 1919 - 9 Jul
1924 Heinrich Deist (1st
time)
(b. 1874 - d. 1962) SPD
9 Jul 1924 - 25 Nov
1924 R. Willi
Knorr
(b. 1878 - d. 1937) DNVP
25 Nov 1924 - 21 May
1932 Heinrich Deist (2nd
time)
(s.a.)
SPD
21 May 1932 - 8 Jan
1940 Alfred
Freyberg
(b. 1892 - d. 1945) NSDAP
5 May 1933 - 23 Oct
1935 Friedrich Wilhelm
Loeper
(b. 1883 - d. 1935) NSDAP
(Reichsstatthalter)
29 Nov 1935 - 19 Apr
1937 Fritz
Sauckel
(b. 1894 - d. 1946) NSDAP
(acting Reichsstatthalter)
8 Jan 1940 - Apr
1945 Rudolf
Jordan
(b. 1902 - d. 1988) NSDAP
(also Reichsstatthalter from
19 Apr 1937)
Baden
-
- 4 Jan 1921 - 13 Sep 1935;
- 1945 - 25 Apr 1952
|
Capital: Karlsruhe
(Freiburg 1945-1952)
|
State Anthem
"Badner Lied"
(Song of Baden)
|
Population:
2,502,000 (1939)
Südbaden: 1,197,100 (1951)
|
-
- 22 Nov
1918
Republic of Baden (Republik Baden)
- 7 Jul
1945
Divided into two parts: northern part merged into Württemberg-Baden
-
and southern part becomes State of South Baden (Land
Südbaden).
- 2 Dec
1946
Südbaden renamed State of Baden (Land Baden).
- 7 Sep
1949
Part of the Federal Republic of Germany.
- 25 Apr
1952
Merged into Baden-Württemberg.
State Presidents
14 Nov 1918 - 14 Aug 1920 Anton
Geiss
(b. 1858 - d. 1944) SPD
14 Aug 1920 - 23 Nov 1921 Gustav
Josef Ludwig
Trunk
(b. 1871 - d. 1936) Z
(1st time)
23 Nov 1921 - 23 Nov 1922 Hermann
Hummel
(b. 1876 - d. 1952) DDP
23 Nov 1922 - 23 Nov 1923 Adam
Remmele (1st
time)
(b. 1877 - d. 1951) SDP
23 Nov 1923 - 23 Nov 1924
Heinrich Franz Köhler (1st time) (b. 1878 -
d. 1949) Z
23 Nov 1924 - 23 Nov 1925 Willy
Hugo
Hellpach
(b. 1877 - d. 1955) DDP
23 Nov 1925 - 23 Nov 1926 Gustav
Josef Ludwig
Trunk
(s.a.)
Z
(2nd time)
23 Nov 1926 - 3 Feb 1927
Heinrich Franz Köhler (2nd time)
(s.a.)
Z
3 Feb 1927 - 23 Nov
1927 Gustav Josef Ludwig
Trunk
(s.a.)
Z
(3rd time)
23 Nov 1927 - 23 Nov 1928 Adam
Remmele (2nd
time)
(s.a.)
SPD
23 Nov 1928 - 20 Nov 1930 Franz
Josef Schmitt (1st time) (b.
1874 - d. 1939) Z
20 Nov 1930 - 10 Sep 1931 Franz
Josef
Wittemann
(b. 1866 - d. 1931) Z
18 Sep 1931 - 11 Mar 1933 Franz
Josef Schmitt (2nd time)
(s.a.)
Z
11 Mar 1933 - 8 May 1933
Robert Heinrich Backfisch
(b. 1895 - d. 1946) NSDAP
(from 1933, Robert Heinrich Wagner)
(also Reichskommissar 8-11 Mar
1933 and
5 May 1933 - 3 Apr 1945 Reichsstatthalter)
8 May 1933 - Apr
1945 Walter
Köhler
(b. 1897 - d. 1989) NSDAP
State Presidents of South Baden
(from 2 Dec 1946, Baden)
2 Jun 1945 - 30 Nov
1946 State Administration
- Paul
Hausser
(b. 1880 - d. 1966) DP
- Karl
Ott
(b. 1873 - d. 1952) Non-party
- Alfred
Bund
(b. 1882 - d. 1975) BCSV
- Friedrich
Leibbrandt
(b. 1894 - d. 1960) SPB
(from 1 Jan 1946)
- Carl
Diez
(b. 1877 - d. 1969) BCSV
(from 20 Feb 1946)
- Philipp
Martzloff
(b. 1880 - d. 1962) SP
(from 20 Feb 1946)
- Paul
Zürcher
(b. 1893 - d. 1980) BCSV
(from 1 Apr 1946)
(president in rotation)
2 Dec 1946 - 25 Apr
1952 Leo
Wohleb
(b. 1888 - d. 1955) BCSV;Nov 1947
(president of the state secretariat to 24 Jul
1947) CDU
Baden-Württemberg
-
- Adopted 29 Sep 1954
|
Capital: Stuttgart
|
State Anthem
"Der Reichste Fürst"
(The Richest Prince)
Adopted 1952
|
Population:
10,879,618 (20151)
|
25 Apr
1952
Southwest State (Südweststaat)
constituted by the merger of
Baden,
Württemberg-Baden, and
Württemberg-Hohenzollern.
15 May 1952
State of Baden-Württemberg (Land
Baden-Württemberg)
Minister-presidents
25 Apr 1952 - 30 Sep 1953
Reinhold Otto
Maier
(b. 1889 - d.
1971) FDP/DVP
30 Sep 1953 - 17 Dec 1958
Gebhard
Müller
(b. 1900 - d. 1990) CDU
17 Dec 1958 - 1 Dec 1966
Kurt Georg
Kiesinger
(b. 1904 - d. 1988) CDU
1 Dec 1966 - 16 Dec 1966 Wolfgang
Haussmann (acting) (b. 1903 -
d. 1989) FDP/DVP
16 Dec 1966 - 30 Aug 1978 Hans Karl
Filbinger
(b. 1913 - d. 2007) CDU
30 Aug 1978 - 22 Jan 1991 Lothar
Späth
(b. 1937 - d. 2016) CDU
22 Jan 1991 - 20 Apr 2005 Erwin
Teufel
(b.
1939)
CDU
21 Apr 2005 - 9 Feb 2010
Günther Hermann
Oettinger
(b.
1953)
CDU
10 Feb 2010 - 12 May 2011 Stefan
Mappus
(b.
1966)
CDU
12 May 2011
-
Winfried
Kretschmann
(b. 1948)
Grn
Bayern (Bavaria)
-
- 14 Aug 1919 - 15 Sep 1935;
- Re-adopted 2 Dec 1946
|
-
- Adopted 14 Dec 1953 as
Co-Flag
-
|
Capital: Munich
(München)
|
Hear
State Anthem
"Für Bayern" (For Bavaria)
Adopted 2 Apr 1953
|
Population:
12,930,751 (2016)
8,223,000 (1939)
|
8 Nov
1918
People's State of Bavaria (Volksstaat Bayern)
7 Apr 1919 - 2 May
1919 Bavarian
Soviet Republic or "Conciliar" Republic
of Bavaria (Bayerische Räterepublik),
in rebellion.
15 Sep
1919
Free State of Bavaria (Freistaat Bayern).
7 Sep
1949
Part of the Federal Republic of Germany.
Minister-presidents
8 Nov 1918 - 21 Feb 1919 Kurt
Eisner
(b. 1867 - d. 1919) USPD
4 Mar 1919 - 15 Mar 1919
Martin Segitz
(acting)
(b. 1853 - d. 1927) SDP
(not recognized by provisional assembly)
15 Mar 1919 - 14 Mar 1920
Johannes
Hoffmann
(b. 1867 - d. 1930) SPD
(in Bamberg 7 Apr - 2 May 1919)
14 Mar 1920 - 16 Mar 1920 Karl
Freiherr von Freyberg (acting)(b. 1866 - d. 1940)
BVP
16 Mar 1920 - 21 Sep 1921 Gustav Ritter
von
Kahr
(b. 1862 - d. 1934) BVP
21 Sep 1921 - 8 Nov 1922
Hugo Graf von und zu Lerchenfeld (b. 1871 -
d. 1944) BVP
auf Köfering und Schönberg
8 Nov 1922 - 28 Jun 1924 Eugen
Ritter von
Knilling
(b. 1865 - d. 1927) BVP
26 Sep 1923 - 16 Feb 1924 Gustav
Ritter von Kahr
(s.a.)
BVP
(Staatskommissar)
27 Sep 1923 - 23 Oct 1923 Otto von Lossow (Reichskommissar)
(b. 1868 - d. 1938) Mil
8 Nov 1923 - 9 Nov
1923 Ernst
Pöhner
(b. 1870 - d. 1925) NSDAP
(appointed by Hitler, in rebellion)
28 Jun 1924 - 16 Mar 1933
Heinrich
Held
(b. 1868 - d. 1938) BVP
16 Mar 1933 - 12 Apr 1933 Franz
Xaver Ritter von
Epp (b.
1868 - d. 1946) NSDAP
(also Reichskommissar 9-16 Mar
1933 and
10 Apr 1933 - 29 Apr 1945 Reichsstatthalter)
12 Apr 1933 - 1 Nov 1942
Ludwig
Siebert
(b. 1874 - d. 1942) NSDAP
2 Nov 1942 - 28 Apr 1945
Paul
Giesler
(b. 1895 - d. 1945) NSDAP
28 May 1945 - 28 Sep 1945 Fritz
Schäffer
(b. 1888 - d. 1967) BVP
28 Sep 1945 - 21 Dec 1946
Wilhelm Hoegner (1st
time)
(b. 1887 - d. 1980) SPD
21 Dec 1946 - 14 Dec 1954 Hans
Ehard (1st
time)
(b. 1887 - d. 1980) CSU
14 Dec 1954 - 16 Oct 1957
Wilhelm Hoegner (2nd
time)
(s.a.)
SPD
16 Oct 1957 - 26 Jan 1960 Franz
"Hanns" Wendelin Seidel
(b. 1901 - d. 1961) CSU
26 Jan 1960 - 11 Dec 1962 Hans
Ehard (2nd
time)
(s.a.)
CSU
11 Dec 1962 - 6 Nov 1978
Alfons
Goppel
(b. 1905 - d. 1991) CSU
6 Nov 1978 - 3 Oct
1988 Franz Josef
Strauss
(b. 1915 - d. 1988) CSU
3 Oct 1988 - 28 May 1993
Max Balthasar Streibl
(b. 1932 - d. 1998) CSU
(acting to 19 Oct 1998)
28 May 1993 - 9 Oct 2007 Edmund
Rüdiger Stoiber
(b. 1941)
CSU
9 Oct 2007 - 27 Oct 2008
Günther
Beckstein
(b. 1943)
CSU
27 Oct 2008 - 13 Mar 2018 Horst Lorenz
Seehofer
(b. 1949)
CSU
14 Mar 2018 - 16 Mar 2018 Barbara Stamm
(f)
(b.
1944)
CSU
+ Ilse Aigner
(f)
(b.
1964)
CSU
(acting)
16 Mar 2018
-
Markus
Söder
(b.
1967)
CSU
Bavarian Soviet Republic
![[Soviet Republic of Bavaria 4th April -
2nd May 1919 (Germany)] [Soviet Republic of
Bavaria 4th April - 2nd May 1919 (Germany)]](de-ddred.gif)
7 Apr 1919 - 2 May 1919
|
7 Apr 1919 - 2 May 1919 Bavarian
Soviet ("Conciliar") Republic
(Bayerische Räterepublik), in
Munich rebellion.
Chairmen of the Provisional Revolutionary Central
Council (in Munich)
7 Apr 1919 - 8 Apr
1919 Ernst Karl August
Niekisch
(b. 1889 - d. 1967) USPD
8 Apr 1919 - 14 Apr 1919
Ernst
Toller
(b. 1893 - d. 1939) USPD
Chairmen of the Executive Council
(in Munich)
14 Apr 1919 - 27 Apr 1919 Eugen
Leviné (Niessen)
(b. 1883 - d. 1919) KPD
+ Max
Levien
(b. 1885 - d. 1937) KPD
27 Apr 1919 - 28 Apr 1919 Ernst
Toller
(s.a.)
USPD
29 Apr 1919 - 2 May
1919 Rudolf
Eglhofer
(b. 1896 - d. 1919) Mil
(commander-in-chief of the army)
Palatinate (Pflaz)
![[Palatinate Republic 1923-1924 (Bavaria,
Germany] [Palatinate
Republic 1923-1924 (Bavaria, Germany]](de-pal923.gif)
12 Nov 1923 - 17 Feb 1924
|
1 Dec 1918 - 30 Jun 1930 French
occupation of Bavarian Palatinate as part of the Allied
occupation of the Rhineland.
1 Jun 1919 - fall 1919
Failed attempt at declaring a Palatine Republic (Pfälzische
Republik) in rebellion
for the detachment of Bavarian Palatinate
from Bavaria
(supported by French occupation forces).
12 Nov 1923 - 17 Feb 1924 Palatinate
Republic in the Association of the Rhenish Republic
(Pfälzische Republik im Verbande der
Rheinischen Republik)
proclaimed, in rebellion
against Bavarian government (supported
by
French occupation forces).
30 Jan 1933 - 8 May 1945 Part of Gau
Rheinpfalz (19 Jun 1936 - 7 Dec 1940 Gau
Saarpfalz),
from 7
Dec 1940 Gau Westmark (Palatinate nominally
remains
part of
Bavaria).
President
1 Jun 1919 - Oct? 1919
Eberhard Haas (in rebellion)
(b. 1872 - d. 19..) FPB
Chairmen of the Government of the Autonomous
Palatinate (in rebellion)
12 Nov 1923 - 9 Jan 1924 Franz
Josef
Heinz-Orbis
(b. 1884 - d. 1924) DVP
9 Jan 1924 - 17 Feb
1924 Adolf Bley
(b. 1874 - d. 1951) USPD
Director of the Bavarian Central Office for
Palatine Affairs
(in Mannheim; from 1921, Heidelberg)
4 Jun 1919 - 10 May 1924 August
Ritter von
Eberlein
(b. 1877 - d. 1949) Mil Regierungspräsidenten
of the Pfalz
1 Apr 1918 - 31 May 1919 Theodor von
Winterstein
(b. 1861 - d. 1945)
31 May 1909 - 5 Jun 1919 Lorenz
Wappes
(b. 1860 - d. 1952)
5 Jun 1919 - 23 Jan 1923 Friedrich von
Chlingensperg (b. 1860 - d.
1944)
24 Jan 1923 - 30 Jun 1928 Jakob Mathèus
(b. 1862 - d. 1946)
1 Jul 1928 - 31 May 1932 Theodor Pfülf
(b. 1866 - d. 1953)
1 Jun 1932 - 30 Sep 1933 Ludwig
Osthelder
(b. 1877 - d. 1954)
BVP
1 Oct 1933 - 3 May 1934 Franz Röder
(provisional)
(b.
1873 - d. 19..) NSDAP
3 May 1934 - 20 Jun 1934 Richard
Imbt
(b. 1900 - d. 1987) NSDAP
1 Aug 1934 - 31 Aug 1939 Friedrich Wenner
(1st time)
(b. 1876 - d. 1955) NSDAP
1 Sep 1939 - 30 Apr 1940 Karl Barth
(b. 1896 - d. 1962)
NSDAP
8 Apr 1941 - 30 Nov 1943 Friedrich Wenner
(2nd time)
(s.a.)
NSDAP
30 Nov 1943 - 8 May 1945 Vacant
Berlin
-
- 20 May 1945 - 1 Sep 1950
-
|
-
- Adopted 1 Sep 1950
- (until 3 Oct 1990 for West
Berlin)
|
-
- Adopted 13 May 1954 State
Flag
- (until 3 Oct 1990 for West
Berlin)
|
(West) Berlin
Capital: Berlin
|
Population:
3,711,930 (2017)
4,013,588 (1925)
West Berlin: 2,013,000 (1987)
|
West Berlin
Ethnic groups:
German 87%, foreign (mostly Turkish
and Croat) 13% (1982)
|
West Berlin Police: 20,446
(1989)
(incl. civilian personnel)
|
West Berlin GDP: 55.2 billion
DEM (1982)
|
West Berlin Religions:
Protestant
(mostly Lutheran) 70%, Roman
Catholic 12%, other/
none 18%
(1970)
|
Map
of West Berlin
|
Allied
Sectors Map 1945-1990
|
City
Constitution
(1 Oct 1950 - 23 Nov 1995) |
1 Oct
1920
Separated from Brandenburg; Gross-Berlin
(Greater Berlin)
(see under Prussian
provinces; de facto to 5 Aug 1944).
28 Apr 1945
- 3 Oct 1990 Allied (French-U.K.-U.S.-Soviet)
occupation.
17 May 1945
Appointment of municipal government under
occupational
authorities as Stadt
Berlin (Berlin City).
20 Oct 1946
Renamed
Gross-Berlin (Greater Berlin).
24 Jun 1948 - 12
May 1949 Blockade of West Berlin by the Soviet
Union.
30 Nov
1948
Separate administrations for East and West Berlin.
West Berlin was not part of Federal
Republic of Germany ("West
Germany") and remained under
allied control, but was represented
in the federal legislature
and internationally represented by
the West German government.
1 Oct 1950
Name changed from Gross-Berlin
to Stadt Berlin (City of Berlin)
(provisions proclaiming Berlin a state
of the Federal Republic of
Germany are included, but become operational only
on 3 Oct 1990).
1 Feb
1951
East Germany annexes the West Berlin exclave of Staaken.
20 Dec
1971
Böttcherberg, Finkenkrug, Grosse Kuhlake, Nuthewiesen
exclaves are
ceded to East Berlin and Steinstücken is connected
to West Berlin.
31 Mar 1988
Falkenhagener Wiese, Lasszins-Wiesen,
Wüste Mark ceded to East
Berlin and Erlengrund & Fichtewiese are connected to
West Berlin.
3 Oct
1990
East and West Berlin are reunited and incorporated into
the
Federal Republic as a state.
23 Nov
1995
City and State of Berlin (Stadt und Land Berlin)
Lord Mayors
2 May 1945 - 17 May
1945 Vacant
17 May 1945 - 10 Dec
1946 Arthur
Werner
(b. 1877 - d. 1967) Non-party
10 Dec 1946 - 11 Jun
1947 Otto
Ostrowski
(b. 1883 - d. 1963) SPD
11 Jun 1947 - 7 Dec
1948 Louise Dorothea Schroeder
(f) (b. 1887 - d.
1957) SPD
(acting [for Ostrowski from 8 May 1947])
14 Aug 1948 - 1 Dec
1948 Ferdinand Friedensburg
(b. 1886 - d. 1972) CDU
(acting for Schroeder)
7 Dec 1948 - 18 Jan 1951
Ernst Rudolf Johannes
Reuter (b. 1889 - d.
1953) SPD
Governing Mayors
18 Jan 1951 - 29 Sep
1953 Ernst Rudolf Johannes
Reuter
(s.a.)
SPD
29 Sep 1953 - 11 Jan
1955 Karl Rudolf Walther Schreiber
(b. 1884 - d. 1958) CDU
(acting to 22 Oct 1953)
11 Jan 1955 - 30 Aug
1957 Otto Ernst Heinrich Hermann Suhr
(b. 1894 - d. 1957) SPD
30 Aug 1957 - 3 Oct
1957 Franz Amrehn
(acting)
(b. 1912 - d. 1981) CDU
3 Oct 1957 - 1
Dec 1966 Willy
Brandt
(b. 1913 - d. 1992) SPD
1 Dec 1966 - 19 Oct
1967 Heinrich
Albertz
(b. 1915 - d. 1993) SPD
(acting to 14 Dec 1966)
19 Oct 1967 - 2 May
1977 Klaus
Schütz
(b. 1926 - d. 2012) SPD
2 May 1977 - 23 Jan
1981 Dietrich
Stobbe
(b. 1938 - d. 2011) SPD
23 Jan 1981 - 11 Jun
1981 Hans-Jochen
Vogel
(b. 1926 - d. 2020) SPD
11 Jun 1981 - 9 Feb
1984 Richard Karl Freiherr von
(b. 1920 - d. 2015) CDU
Weizsäcker
9 Feb 1984 - 16 Mar
1989 Eberhard Diepgen (1st
time) (b.
1941)
CDU
16 Mar 1989 - 24 Jan 1991 Walter Lutz
Momper
(b.
1945)
SPD
24 Jan 1991 - 16 Jun 2001 Eberhard Diepgen (2nd
time)
(s.a.)
CDU
16 Jun 2001 - 11 Dec 2014 Klaus
Wowereit
(b.
1953)
SPD
11 Dec 2014
-
Michael
Müller
(b. 1964)
SPD
East Berlin
-
- 30 Nov 1948 - 7 Nov 1956
|
-
- 7 Nov 1956 - 3 Oct 1990
|
Capital: Berlin
|
Population: 1,279,212
(1989)
|
30 Nov
1948
City government convened in Soviet sector, Berlin is
partitioned
de facto into separate East and West
Berlin.
7 Oct
1949
Gross-Berlin (Greater
Berlin) becomes de facto capital and
is declared, contrary to international
agreement, to be
incorporated into German
Democratic Republic ("East Germany")
(the Western Allies and West
Germany do not recognize the
incorporation of East Berlin into East
Germany).
23 Jul
1952
Becomes a district with special status.
7 Sep
1961
Officially declared a district.
1977
Name changed from Gross-Berlin to Berlin; formally
declared
to be the capital of East' Germany
(not recognized by the
Western Allies or West Germany).
3 Oct
1990
Re-united with West Berlin
as a state of the Federal
Republic of Germany.
First Secretaries of the Socialist
Unity Party (SED)
21 Apr 1946 -
1948
Hermann
Matern
(b. 1893 - d. 1971)
1948 -
1953
Hans
Jendretzky
(b. 1897 - d. 1992)
1953 -
1957
Alfred
Neumann
(b. 1909 - d. 2001)
1957 -
1959
Hans
Kiefert
(b. 1905 - d. 1966)
1959 - May
1971
Paul
Verner
(b. 1905 - d. 1986)
May 1971 - Nov
1985 Konrad
Neumann
(b. 1929 - d. 1992)
Nov 1985 - Nov
1989 Günter
Schabowski
(b. 1929 - d. 2015)
Nov 1989 -
1989
Heinz
Albrecht
(b. 1935)
Lord Mayors
30 Nov 1948 - 5 Jul
1967 Friedrich
Ebert
(b. 1894 - d. 1979) SED
(provisional to 17 Oct 1954)
5 Jul 1967 - 11 Feb
1974 Herbert Kurt
Fechner
(b. 1913 - d. 1998) SED
11 Feb 1974 - 15 Feb
1990 Erhard
Krack
(b. 1931 - d. 2000) SED;
15 Dec 1989: SED-PDS; 4 Feb 1990: PDS
Jan 1979 -
1980
Hannelore Mensch
(f)
(b. 1937)
SED
(acting for Krack)
15 Feb 1990 - 23 Feb
1990 Ingrid Pankraz
(f)(acting) (b.
1948)
PDS
23 Feb 1990 - 30 May 1990
Christian Matthias Wilhelm
(b.
1948)
PDS
Hartenhauer
30 May 1990 - 11 Jan 1991
Tino-Antoni
Schwierzina
(b. 1927 - d. 2003) SPD
11 Jan 1991 - 24 Jan
1991 Thomas Krüger
(acting)
(b.
1959)
SPD
Allied Occupation
28 Apr
1945
Soviet forces begin invasion of Berlin.
2 May
1945
Berlin surrenders to Soviet forces.
8 May
1945
Germany surrenders to the allies.
5 Jul
1945
British forces arrive.
11 Jul
1945
American and French forces arrive.
3 Oct
1990
After reunification of Germany, formal end of
allied control
15
Mar 1991.
American Sector
City Commandants
4 Jul 1945 - 2 Sep 1945 Floyd
Lavinius
Parks
(b. 1896 - d. 1959)
3 Sep 1945 - 10 Oct 1945 James
Maurice
Gavin
(b. 1907 - d. 1990)
11 Oct 1945 - 1 May 1946 Ray Wehnes
Barker
(b. 1889 - d. 1974)
1 May 1946 - 13 May 1947 Frank
Augustus
Keating
(b. 1895 - d. 1973)
14 May 1947 - 23 Sep 1947 Cornelius Edward
Ryan
(b. 1896 - d. 1972)
24 Sep 1947 - 30 Nov 1947 William
Hesketh
(b. 1895 - d. 1986)
1 Dec 1947 - 31 Aug 1949 Frank Leo
"Howlin"
Howley
(b. 1903 - d. 1993)
31 Aug 1949 - 31 Jan 1951 Maxwell Davenport
Taylor
(b. 1901 - d. 1987)
1 Feb 1951 - 2 Jan 1953 Lemuel
Mathewson
(b. 1889 - d. 1970)
3 Jan 1953 - 4 Aug 1954 Thomas
Sherman
Timberman
(b. 1900 - d. 1989)
5 Aug 1954 - 9 Sep 1955 George
B.
Honnen
(b. 1897 - d. 1974)
10 Sep 1955 - 3 Jun 1957 Charles
Lanier Dasher
(b. 1900 - d. 1968)
4 Jun 1957 - 15 Dec 1959 Barksdale
Hamlett, Jr.
(b. 1908 - d. 1979)
20 Dec 1959 - 3 May 1961 Ralph M.
Osborne
(b. 1903 - d. 1991)
4 May 1961 - 2 Jan 1963 Albert
Watson
II
(b. 1909 - d. 1993)
2 Jan 1963 - 31 Aug 1964 James
Hilliard
Polk
(b. 1911 - d. 1972)
1 Sep 1964 - 3 Jun 1967 John
Francis Franklin, Jr.
(b. 1911 - d. 1990)
3 Jun 1967 - 28 Feb 1970 Robert
George
Fergusson
(b. 1911 - d. 2001)
28 Feb 1970 - 12 May 1971 George Marion
Seignious
II (b.
1921 - d. 2005)
12 May 1971 - 10 Jun 1974 William Warren
Cobb
(b. 1917 - d. 2007)
10 Jun 1974 - 11 Aug 1975 Sam Sims
Walker
(b. 1925 - d. 2015)
11 Aug 1975 - 7 Jun 1978 Joseph
Corbett
McDonough
(b. 1924 - d. 2005)
7 Jun 1978 - 5 Jul 1981 Calvert Potter
Benedict
(b. 1924 - d. 2011)
5 Jul 1981 - 27 Jun 1984 James G. Boatner
(b. 1930 - d. 2017)
27 Jun 1984 - 1 Jun 1988 John
Henderson
Mitchell
(b. 1933 - d. 2013)
1 Jun 1988 - 2 Oct 1990 Raymond
Earl
Haddock
(b. 1936)
British Sector
City Commandants
5 Jul 1945 - 30 Aug 1945
Lewis Owen Lyne
(b.
1899 - d. 1970)
30 Aug 1945 - 13 Jun 1947 Eric
Paytherus Nares
(b. 1892 - d. 1947)
13 Jun 1947 - 23 Jan 1949 Edwin
Otway
Herbert
(b. 1901 - d. 1984)
23 Jan 1949 - 24 Oct 1951
Geoffrey Kemp
Bourne
(b. 1902 - d. 1982)
24 Oct 1951 - 13 Mar 1954 Cyril
Frederick Charles Coleman (b.
1903 - d. 1974)
13 Mar 1954 - 30 Apr 1955
William Pasfield
Oliver
(b. 1901 - d. 1981)
1 May 1955 - 6 Feb
1956 Robert Charles
Cottrell-Hill (b.
1903 - d. 1965)
6 Feb 1956 - 26 Mar 1956
.... (acting)
26 Mar 1956 - 20 Mar 1959 Francis David
Rome
(b. 1905 - d. 1985)
23 Mar 1959 - 3 May 1962
Rohan
Delacombe
(b. 1906 - d. 1991)
(from 10 Jun 1961, Sir Rohan Delacombe)
4 May 1962 - 7 Dec
1962 Claude Ian Hurley Dunbar
(b. 1909 - d. 1971)
7 Dec 1962 - 28 Jan 1966
David
Peel-Yates
(b. 1911 - d. 1978)
28 Jan 1966 - 7 Mar 1968
Sir Eustace John Blois Nelson
(b. 1912 - d. 1993)
7 Mar 1968 - 19 Nov 1970
Francis James Cecil Bowes-Lyon (b. 1917 -
d. 1977)
19 Nov 1970 - 2 Aug 1973
Alan Cathcart, Earl
Cathcart (b. 1919 -
d. 1999)
2 Aug 1973 - 29 Nov 1975
David William
Scott-Barrett
(b. 1922 - d. 2004)
29 Nov 1975 - 24 Jan 1978 Roy
Michael Frederick Redgrave (b.
1925 - d. 2011)
24 Jan 1978 - 15 Sep 1980 Robert
Francis
Richardson
(b. 1929 - d. 2014)
15 Sep 1980 - 7 Oct 1983
Joseph David Frederick Mostyn
(b. 1928 - d. 2007)
7 Oct 1983 - Dec
1985 Bernard Charles Gordon
Lennox (b. 1932 - d. 2017)
Dec 1985 - 16 Jan
1989 Patrick Guy
Brooking
(b. 1937 - d. 2014)
16 Jan 1989 - 2 Oct 1990
Robert John Swan
Corbett
(b. 1940)
French Sector
City Commandants
11 Jul 1945 - 12 Mar 1946
Geoffroi du Bois de Beauchesne (b.
1883 - d. 1957)
12 Mar 1946 - 4 Oct 1946
Charles J.M.A. Lançon
(b. 1890 - d. 1956)
4 Oct 1946 - 1 Oct
1950 Jean
Ganeval
(b. 1894 - d. 1981)
1 Oct 1950 - 31 Dec
1952 Pierre Carolet
(b. 1898 - d.
1981)
1 Jan 1953 - 31 Dec 1954
Pierre Mançeaux-Démiau
(b. 1898 - d. 1979)
1 Jan 1955 - 30 Sep 1958
Amédée J.B.
Gèze
(b. 1898 - d. 1988)
1 Oct 1958 - 25 Feb 1962
Jean
Lacomme
(b. 1902 - d. 1983)
26 Feb 1962 - 30 Sep 1964
Édouard K.
Toulouse
(b. 1905? - d. 19..)
1 Oct 1964 - 11 Oct 1967
François
Binoche
(b. 1911 - d. 1997)
11 Oct 1967 -
1970
Bernard Huchet de Quénetain
(b. 1911 - d. 1983)
1970 -
1973
Maurice Routier
1973 -
1975
Camille Antoine Metzler
(b. 1915 - d. 2006)
1975 -
1977
Jacques Mangin
1977 -
1980
Bernard
d'Astorg
(b. 1921 - d. 2014)
1980 -
1984
Jean-Pierre Liron
(b. 1924 - d. 2007)
1984 -
1985
Olivier Le Taillandier de Gabory (b. 1926 -
d. 1995)
1985 -
1987
Paul Cavarrot
(b. 1937 - d. 2012)
1987 - 2 Oct
1990
François Robert Cann
(b. 1932)
Soviet Sector
Military Commandants
28 Apr 1945 - 16 Jun
1945 Nikolay Erastovich
Berzarin (b.
1904 - d. 1945)
17 Jun 1945 - 19 Nov
1945 Aleksandr Vasilyevich
Gorbatov (b. 1891 - d.
1973)
19 Nov 1945 - 1 Apr
1946 Dmitriy Sergeyevich
Smirnov (b.
1901 - d. 1975)
1 Apr 1946 - 10 Oct
1949 Aleksandr Georgiyevich
Kotikov (b. 1902 - d.
1981)
Representatives of the
Soviet Control Commission in Berlin
10 Oct 1949 – 7 Jun 1950 Aleksandr
Georgiyevich Kotikov (s.a.)
7 Jun 1950 - 28 May 1953 Sergey
Alekseyevich Dengin
(b. 1900 - d. 1989)
City Commandants
28 May 1953 - 23 Jun 1956 Pyotr
Akimovich Dibrova
(b. 1901 - d. 1971)
28 Jun 1956 - 26 Feb
1958 Andrey Sergeyevich Chamov
(b. 1905 - d. 1981)
26 Feb 1958 - 9 May
1961 Nikolay Fyodorovich Zakharov
9 May 1961 - 22 Aug
1962 Andrey Y. Solov'yov
(Soloviev)
22 Aug 1962 - 31 May
1971 Helmut
Poppe
(b. 1926 - d. 1979)
1 Jun 1971 - 31 Aug
1978 Artur
Kunath
(b. 1914 - d. 1995)
1 Sep 1978 - 31 Dec
1989 Karl-Heinz
Drews
(b. 1929)
1 Jan 1989 - 30 Sep
1990 Wolfgang Dombrowski
(b. 1933 - d. 2006)
1 Oct 1990 - 2 Oct
1990 Detlef Wendorf (acting)
Brandenburg
-
- 24 Oct 1945 - 15 Dec 1945
-
|
-
- 15 Dec 1945 - 23 Jul
1952 Civil Flag
-
|
-
- 15 Dec 1945 - 23 Jul
1952 State Flag
-
|
-
- 3 Oct 1990 - 30 Jan 1991
Unofficial
|
-
- Adopted 30 Jan 1991
|
|
Capital: Potsdam
|
State Anthem
"Märkische Heide,
märkischer Sand"
Adopted 1990 (unofficial)
|
Population: 2,494,648
(2016)
|
6 Feb
1947
Former Prussian province of Brandenburg becomes the
State of March Brandenburg (Land Mark
Brandenburg).
21 Jul
1947
Renamed State of Brandenburg (Land Brandenburg).
7 Oct
1949
Part of the German Democratic Republic.
23 Jul
1952
State is dissolved into districts (Potsdam,
Frankfurt,
and Cottbus).
3 Oct
1990
Reconstituted as a state of the Federal Republic of
Germany
as the State of Brandenburg (Land Brandenburg).
First Secretary of the Socialist
Unity Party
21 Apr 1946 - 23 Jul
1952 Willy
Sägebrecht
(b. 1904 - d. 1981)
President of the Provisional
Administration
4 Jul 1945 - 20 Dec
1946 Karl
Steinhoff
(b. 1892 - d. 1981) SPD
Minister-presidents
20 Dec 1946 - 5 Dec
1949 Karl
Steinhoff
(s.a.)
SPD;
21 Apr 1946: SED
5 Dec 1949 - 23 Jul
1952 Rudi
Jahn
(b. 1906 - d. 1990) SED
3 Oct 1990 - 1 Nov
1990 Jochen
Wolf
(b. 1941)
SPD
(Landesbevollmächtigter)
1 Nov 1990 - 26 Jun
2002 Manfred
Stolpe
(b. 1935 - d. 2019) SPD
26 Jun 2002 - 28 Aug
2013 Matthias
Platzeck
(b.
1953)
SPD
28 Aug 2013
-
Dietmar
Woidke
(b.
1961)
SPD
Bremen
-
- 4 Feb 1919 - 15 Sep 1935;
- Re-adopted 21 Nov 1947
|
-
- 10 Jan 1919 - 4 Feb 1919
-
|
Capital: Bremen
|
State Anthem
"Der Bremer Schluessel"
(The Key of Bremen)
|
Population: 671,489
(2015)
450,000 (1939)
|
6 Nov
1813
Free Hanseatic City of Bremen (Freie Hansestadt
Bremen).
10 Jan 1919 - 4 Feb 1919 Soviet
Republic of Bremen (Bremer
Räterepublik)(in Bremerhaven
to 8 Feb
1919).
7 Sep
1949
Part of the Federal Republic of Germany.
First Mayor
1 Jan 1918 - 10 Jan 1919
Hermann Christian
Ferdinand (b.
1849 - d. 1939) 1919: DDP
Hildebrand
Chairmen of the Workers' and
Soldiers' Council
14 Nov 1918 - 10 Jan 1919 Alfred
Henke (in rebellion)
(b. 1868 - d. 1946) USPD
10 Jan 1919 - 4 Feb 1919 Rat
der Volksbeauftragten
- Alfred Henke
(s.a.)
USPD
- Adam
Frasunkiewicz
(b. 1873 - d. 1923) USPD
- Johann
Knief
(b. 1880 - d. 1919) KPD
- Karl
Jannack
(b. 1891 - d. 1968) SPD
First Mayors
4 Feb 1919 - 10 Apr 1919
Hermann Christian
Ferdinand
(s.a.)
DDP
Hildebrand
10 Apr 1919 - 18 May 1920 Karl
Deichmann
(b. 1863 - d. 1940) SPD
18 May 1920 - 18 Mar 1933 Martin Donatus
Ferdinand Donandt (b. 1852 - d. 1937)
Non-party
18 Mar 1933 - 23 Oct 1934
Richard
Markert
(b. 1891 - d. 1957) NSDAP
(Reichskommissar 6 Mar -
13 May 1933)
5 May 1933 - 15 May 1942
Karl Röver (Reichsstatthalter)
(b. 1889 - d. 1942) NSDAP
23 Oct 1934 - 16 Apr 1937 Karl
Hermann Otto
Heider
(b. 1896 - d. 1960) NSDAP
16 Apr 1937 - 16 Jun 1944 Johann
Heinrich Adolph Böhmcker (b. 1896 - d.
1944) NSDAP
27 May 1942 - Apr
1945 Paul Wegener (Reichsstatthalter)
(b. 1908 - d. 1993) NSDAP
1 Jul 1944 - 26 Apr 1945 Richard
Duckwitz
(b. 1886 - d. 1972) NSDAP
27 Apr 1945 - 30 Apr 1945 Johannes Schroers
(acting)
(b. 1885 - d. 1960) NSDAP
Governing Mayor
4 May 1945 - 1 Aug 1945 Erich
Vagts
(b. 1896 - d. 1981) Non-party
Mayors and Presidents of the Senate
1 Aug 1945 - 20 Jul 1965 Wilhelm
Kaisen
(b. 1887 - d. 1979) SPD
20 Jul 1965 - 28 Nov 1967 Willy
Dehnkamp
(b. 1903 - d. 1985) SPD
28 Nov 1967 - 18 Sep 1985 Hans
Koschnick
(b. 1929 - d. 2016) SPD
18 Sep 1985 - 4 Jul 1995 Klaus
Wedemeier
(b.
1944)
SPD
4 Jul 1995 - 8 Nov 2005 Henning
Scherf
(b.
1938)
SPD
8 Nov 2005 - 15 Jul 2015 Jens
Böhrnsen
(b.
1949)
SPD
15 Jul 2015 - 15 Aug 2019
Carsten
Sieling
(b.
1959)
SPD
15 Aug 2019
-
Andreas
Bovenschulte
(b.
1965)
SPD
Brunswick (Braunschweig)
6 Jan 1922 - 15 Sep 1935; 1945 -
1946
|
Capital: Brunswick
(Braunschweig)
|
State Anthem
|
Population: 599,200
(1939)
|
8 Nov
1918
Free State of Brunswick (Freistaat Braunschweig).
9 Dec
1946
Part of Niedersachsen.
President
9 Nov 1918 - 22 Feb 1919 August
Ernst Reinhold
Merges (b. 1870 - d.
1945) USPD
Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissioners
10 Nov 1918 - 13 Apr 1919 Sepp
Oerter
(b. 1870 - d. 1928) USPD
17 Apr 1919 - 21 Oct 1919 Heinrich Otto
Jasper
(b. 1875 - d. 1945) SPD
Minister-presidents
21 Oct 1919 - 22 Jun 1920 Heinrich Otto
Jasper (1st time)
(s.a.)
SPD
22 Jun 1920 - 25 Nov 1921 Sepp
Oerter
(s.a.)
USPD
25 Nov 1921 - 23 Mar 1922 August
Junke
(b. 1886 - d. 1926) USPD
23 Mar 1922 - 23 May 1922 Otto Friedrich
Wilhelm Antrick (b. 1858 - d.
1924) SPD
23 May 1922 - 24 Dec 1924 Heinrich Otto
Jasper (2nd time)
(s.a.)
SPD
24 Dec 1924 - 14 Dec 1927 Gerhard
Marquordt
(b. 1881 - d. 1950) Non-party
14 Dec 1927 - 1 Oct 1930 Heinrich
Otto Jasper (3rd time)
(s.a.)
SPD
1 Oct 1930 - 5 May
1933 Werner
Küchenthal
(b. 1882 - d. 1976) DNVP
5 May 1933 - 12 Apr 1945
Dietrich
Klagges
(b. 1891 - d. 1971) NSDAP
5 May 1933 - 23 Oct 1935
Friedrich Wilhelm
Loeper
(b. 1883 - d. 1935) NSDAP
(Reichsstatthalter)
29 Nov 1935 - 19 Apr 1937 Fritz
Sauckel
(b. 1894 - d. 1946) NSDAP
(acting Reichsstatthalter)
19 Apr 1937 - Apr 1945
Rudolf Jordan (Reichsstatthalter)
(b. 1902 - d. 1988) NSDAP
Minister-presidents
May 1945 - Jan
1946 Hubert
Schlebusch
(b. 1893 - d. 1955) SPD
Jan 1946 - 9 Dec
1946 Alfred
Kubel
(b. 1909 - d. 1999) SPD
Danzig-West
Prussia 1939-1945: see under Poland
Hamburg
-
- 1919 - 15 Sep 1935; 1945 -
1952
- Formally Re-adopted 6 Jun 1952
|
-
- 12 Nov 1918 - 31 Mar 1919
-
-
|
Capital: Hamburg
|
State Anthem
"Heil über dir Hammonia"
|
Population: 1,805,316
(2016)
1,712,000 (1939)
|
20 Dec 1819
Free
and Hanseatic City of Hamburg (Freie
und Hansestadt Hamburg)
1 Apr
1938
Renamed
Hanseatic City of Hamburg (Hansestadt
Hamburg).
7 Sep
1949
Part of the Federal Republic of Germany.
6 Jun 1952
Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg
Chairmen of the Workers' and Soldiers' Council
12 Nov 1918 - 11 Jan 1919
Heinrich Laufenberg
(b. 1872 - d. 1932) KDP
11 Jan 1919 - 31 Mar 1919 Karl
Hense
(b. 1871 - d. 1946)
SPD
First Mayors
31 Mar 1919 - 31 Dec 1919 Werner
von Melle (3rd
time) (b. 1853
- d. 1937) Non-party
1 Jan 1920 - 2 Feb
1920 Gustav Friedrich Carl
Johann (b. 1856 - d.
1931) Non-party
Sthamer
2 Feb 1920 - 3 Jan
1924 Arnold Friedrich Georg
Diestel (b. 1857 - d. 1924)
DDP
9 Jan 1924 - 31 Dec 1929
Carl Wilhelm Petersen (1st time) (b. 1868 -
d. 1933) DDP
1 Jan 1930 - 31 Dec 1931
Rudolf Adolf Wilhelm
Ross
(b. 1872 - d. 1951) SPD
1 Jan 1932 - 8 Mar
1933 Carl Wilhelm Petersen (2nd time)
(s.a.)
DDP
8 Mar 1933 - 30 Jul 1936
Carl Vincent
Krogmann
(b. 1889 - d. 1978) NSDAP
(from 18 May 1933, Governing Mayor)
30 Jul 1936 - 3 May 1945
Karl Otto Kurt
Kaufmann
(b. 1900 - d. 1969) NSDAP
(also Reichsstatthalter 16 May
1933 - 3 May 1945)
15 May 1945 - 22 Nov 1946 Rudolf
Petersen
(b. 1879 - d. 1962) Non-party
22 Nov 1946 - 2 Dec 1953
Max Brauer (1st
time)
(b. 1887 - d. 1973) SPD
2 Dec 1953 - 4 Dec
1957 Kurt
Sieveking
(b. 1897 - d. 1986) CDU
4 Dec 1957 - 1 Jan
1961 Max Brauer (2nd
time)
(s.a.)
SPD
1 Jan 1961 - 9 Jun
1965 Paul
Nevermann
(b. 1902 - d. 1979) SPD
9 Jun 1965 - 16 Jun 1971
Herbert
Weichmann
(b. 1896 - d. 1983) SPD
16 Jun 1971 - 12 Nov 1974 Peter
Schulz
(b. 1930 - d. 2013) SPD
12 Nov 1974 - 24 Jun 1981
Hans-Ulrich
Klose
(b.
1937)
SPD
24 Jun 1981 - 8 Jun 1988
Klaus von
Dohnanyi
(b.
1928)
SPD
8 Jun 1988 - 12 Nov 1997
Henning
Voscherau
(b. 1941 - d. 2016) SPD
12 Nov 1997 - 31 Oct 2001 Ortwin
Runde
(b.
1944)
SPD
31 Oct 2001 - 25 Aug
2010 Ole von
Beust
(b.
1955)
CDU
25 Aug 2010 - 7 Mar 2011 Christoph
Ahlhaus
(b. 1969)
CDU
7 Mar 2011 - 13 Mar 2018 Olaf
Scholz
(b. 1958)
SPD
14 Mar 2018 - 28 Mar 2018
Katharina Fegebank (f) (acting) (b. 1977)
Grn
28 Mar 2018
-
Peter
Tschentscher
(b. 1966) SPD
Hannover
-
- 5 Dec 1945 - 9 Dec 1946 Land
Flag
|
-
- 5 Dec 1945 - 9 Dec 1946
State Flag
|
c.Jun
1946
Incorporation of Schaumburg-Lippe.
23 Aug
1946
State of Hannover (Land Hannover) formed from the
former Prussian
province
of Hannover and Schaumburg-Lippe.
9 Dec
1946
Part of Niedersachsen.
Oberpräsident
12 Jul 1945 - 21 Aug 1946 August Josef
Hagemann
(b. 1875 - d. 1950) CDU
Minister-president
23 Aug 1946 - 9 Dec 1946 Hinrich
Wilhelm Kopf
(b.
1893 - d. 1961) SPD
Hessen
- 5 Jul 1923 - 1 Sep 1935
State Flag
-
|
-
- 1 Dec 1946 - 4 Aug 1948
|
-
- Adopted 4 Aug 1948
-
|
Capital: Wiesbaden
(Darmstadt 1918-12 Nov 1945)
|
State Anthem
"Hessenlied"
Adopted 1949?
|
Population: 6,213,088
(2016)
1,469,000 (1939)
|
2 Mar
1919
People's State of Hesse (Volksstaat
Hessen).
19 Sep
1945
Hesse(-Darmstadt)(without administrative district of
Rheinhessen) is merged with the greater part of Prussian
provinces of Kurhessen and Nassau to form Greater Hesse
(Gross-Hessen), formally the State of Hesse (Land
Hessen).
4 Dec
1946
State of Hesse (Land Hessen)(retroactive from 1
Dec 1946).
7 Sep
1949
Part of the Federal Republic of Germany.
Minister-president
11 Nov 1918 - 2 Mar 1919 Carl
Ulrich
(b. 1853 - d. 1933) SPD
State Presidents
2 Mar 1919 - 14 Feb 1928
Carl
Ulrich
(s.a.)
SPD
14 Feb 1928 - 13 Mar 1933 Bernhard
Adelung
(b. 1876 - d. 1943) SPD
13 Mar 1933 - 15 May 1933 Heinrich Josef
Philipp Müller (b. 1896 - d.
1945) NSDAP
15 May 1933 - 23 Sep 1933 Ferdinand
Werner
(b. 1876 - d. 1961) NSDAP
23 Sep 1933 - 1 Mar 1935 Philipp
Wilhelm
Jung
(b. 1884 - d. 1965) NSDAP
1 Mar 1935 - Mar
1945 Jakob
Sprenger
(b. 1884 - d. 1945) NSDAP
(also Reichsstatthalter 5 May
1933 - Mar 1945)
Mar 1945 - Apr 1945
Heinrich Reiner (acting)
(b. 1892 -
d. 1946) NSDAP
14 Apr 1945 - 19 Sep 1945 Ludwig
Bergsträsser
(acting) (b. 1883 -
d. 1960) Non-party
Minister-presidents
19 Sep 1945 - 16 Oct 1945 Ludwig
Bergsträsser
(s.a.)
Non-party
16 Oct 1945 - 20 Dec 1946 Karl Hermann
Geiler
(b. 1878 - d. 1953) Non-party
20 Dec 1946 - 14 Dec 1950 Christian
Stock
(b. 1884 - d. 1967) SPD
14 Dec 1950 - 3 Oct 1969
Georg-August
Zinn
(b. 1901 - d. 1976) SPD
3 Oct 1969 - 12 Oct 1976
Albert
Osswald
(b. 1919 - d. 1996) SPD
12 Oct 1976 - 23 Apr 1987 Holger
Börner
(b. 1931 - d. 2006) SPD
23 Apr 1987 - 5 Apr 1991 Walter
Wallmann
(b. 1932 - d. 2013) CDU
5 Apr 1991 - 7 Apr
1999 Hans
Eichel
(b.
1941)
SPD
7 Apr 1999 - 31 Aug 2010
Roland
Koch
(b.
1958)
CDU
31 Aug 2010
-
Volker
Bouffier
(b. 1951)
CDU
Lippe (-Detmold)
-
![[Lippe Civil and State Flag 1919-1935,
1946-47 (Germany)] [Lippe Civil
and State Flag 1919-1935, 1946-47 (Germany)]](de-li880.gif)
- 1918 - 15 Sep 1935, 1946 - 21
Jan 1947
|
Capital: Detmold
|
State Anthem
"Altes Soldatenlied aus den
Befreiungskriegen"
|
Population: 187,200
(1939)
|
12 Nov
1918
Free State of Lippe (Freistaat Lippe)
21 Jan
1947
Part of Nordrhein-Westfalen.
First Chairman of the People's and Soldiers
Council
Nov 1918 - 13 Feb 1919
Clemens
Becker
(b. 1869 - d. 1961) SPD
Chairmen of State Presidium
13 Feb 1919 - 17 Dec 1920 Clemens
Becker
(s.a.)
SPD
17 Dec 1920 - 8 Jun 1921 Heinrich
Hermann Drake (1st time) (b. 1881 - d.
1970) SPD
8 Jun 1921 - 14 Jun 1921
Wilhelm
Meier
(b. 1887 - d. 1957) SPD
(chairman State Committee)
14 Jun 1921 - 7 Feb 1933 Heinrich
Hermann Drake (2nd time)
(s.a.)
SDP
(from 1932, president of the state government)
Ministers of State
7 Feb 1933 - 23 May 1933
Ernst
Krappe
(b. 1891 - d. 1977) NSDAP
23 May 1933 - 1 Feb 1936
Hans-Joachim
Riecke
(b. 1899 - d. 1987) NSDAP
16 May 1933 - Apr 1945
Alfred
Meyer
(b. 1891 - d. 1945) NSDAP
(also Reichsstatthalter 16 May
1933 - 4 Apr 1945)
State President
17 Apr 1945 - 21 Jan 1947
Heinrich Hermann
Drake
(s.a.)
SPD
Minister of State
13 Nov 1913 - 10 Feb 1919 Karl Ludwig Freiherr von
Biedenweg (b. 1864 - d. 1940) Non-party
(provisional)
Lübeck
-
![[State
Flag of Lübeck, 1890-1935 (Germany)] [State Flag of
Lübeck, 1890-1935 (Germany)]](de_lub4.gif)
- 19 Nov 1890 - 15 Sep 1935
State Flag
|
Capital: Lübeck
|
State Anthem
|
Population: 136,500
(1933)
|
1813
Free and Hanseatic City of Lübeck (Freie und
Hansestadt Lübeck)
1 Apr
1937
Incorporated into Prussia.
23 Aug
1946 Merged
into Schleswig-Holstein.
Presiding Mayors
1 Jan 1917 - 31 Dec 1920
Emil Ferdinand
Fehling
(b. 1847 - d. 1927) Non-party
31 Dec 1920 - 2 Jun 1926
Johann Martin Andreas Neumann (b. 1865
- d. 1928) Non-party
2 Jun 1926 - 26 May 1933 Paul
Bernhard Heinrich Löwigt (b. 1873 - d.
1934) SDP
26 May 1933 - 31 Mar 1937
Otto-Heinrich
Drechsler
(b. 1895 - d. 1945) NSDAP
(continues to 5 May 1945)
26 May 1933 - 31 Mar 1937 Friedrich
Hildebrandt
(b. 1898 - d. 1948) NSDAP
(Reichsstatthalter)
Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
(Mecklenburg-West Pomerania)
-
- 1 Jan 1934 - 15 Sep 1935;
- 16 Jan 1947 - 23 Jul 1952
|
-
- 3 Oct 1990 - 29 Jan 1991
Unofficial
|
-
- Adopted 29 Jan 1991
|
-
- Adopted 29 Jan 1991 Civil
Flag
|
|
|
Capital: Schwerin
|
State Anthem
|
Population:
1,610,674 (2016)
900,000 (1939)
|
-
- 14 Nov
1918
Free State of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (Freistaat
Mecklenburg-Schwerin),
-
and also the Free
State of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (Freistaat
-
Mecklenburg-Strelitz).
- 1 Jan
1934
Mecklenburg-Schwerin and Mecklenburg-Strelitz united
(Mecklenburg).
- 9 Jul
1945
Mecklenburg and part of the Prussian province of
Pomerania
-
merged as Mecklenburg.
- 31 Jul
1945
State of Mecklenburg-West Pomerania (Land
Mecklenburg-Vorpommern)
- 1 Mar
1947
Renamed
State of Mecklenburg (Land Mecklenburg).
- 7 Oct
1949
Part of the German Democratic Republic.
- 23 Jul
1952
State is dissolved into districts (Schwerin,
Rostock,
and
-
Neubrandenburg).
- 3 Oct
1990
Reconstituted as a state of the Federal Republic of
Germany as
-
State of Mecklenburg-West Pomerania (Land
Mecklenburg-Vorpommern).
Mecklenburg-Schwerin
![[Mecklenburg-Schwerin flag
1918-1935 (Germany)] [Mecklenburg-Schwerin flag 1918-1935
(Germany)]](de-meck2.gif)
1918 - 15 Sep 1935
|
Capital: Schwerin
|
State Anthem
|
Population: 804,900
(1933)
|
President of the State Ministry
9 Nov 1918 - 22 Feb 1919
Hugo
Wendorff
(b. 1864 - d. 1945) DDP
Minister-presidents
22 Feb 1919 - 28 Jul 1920 Hugo
Wendorff
(s.a.)
DDP
28 Jul 1920 - 14 Jan 1921
Hermann
Reincke-Bloch
(b. 1867 - d. 1928) DVP
14 Jan 1921 - 18 Mar 1924
Johannes
Stelling
(b. 1877 - d. 1933) SPD
18 Mar 1924 - 8 Jul 1926
Joachim Freiherr von Brandenstein (b. 1864 - d.
1941) DNVP
8 Jul 1926 - 10 Jul 1929
Paul
Schröder
(b. 1875 - d. 1932) SPD
10 Jul 1929 - 13 Jul 1932 Karl
Eschenburg
(b. 1877 - d. 1943) DNVP
13 Jul 1932 - 10 Aug 1933 Walter
Granzow
(b. 1887 - d. 1952) NSDAP
10 Aug 1933 - 31 Dec 1933 Hans
Egon
Engell
(b. 1897 - d. 1974) NSDAP
26 May 1933 - 31 Dec 1933 Friedrich
Hildebrandt
(b. 1898 - d. 1948) NSDAP
(Reichsstatthalter)
Mecklenburg-Strelitz
24 May 1923 - 15 Sep 1935
|
Capital:
Neustrelitz
|
State Anthem
|
Population: 110,371
(1925)
|
Chairmen of the State Ministry
11 Nov 1918 - 7 Jan 1919
Peter Franz
Stubmann
(b. 1876 - d. 1962) DDP
7 Jan 1919 - 13 Oct 1919
Hans
Krüger
(b. 1884 - d. 1933) SPD
Ministers of State
13 Oct 1919 - 2 Aug 1923
Kurt Gustav Hans
Otto
(b. 1877 - d. 1937) SPD
Freiherr von Reibnitz (1st time)
2 Aug 1923 - 13 Mar 1928
Karl
Schwabe
(b. 1877 - d. 1938) DNVP
13 Mar 1928 - 12 Apr 1929 Kurt
Gustav Hans
Otto
(s.a.)
SPD
Freiherr von Reibnitz (2nd time)
12 Apr 1929 - 16 Apr 1929 Kurt
Häntzschel (Reichskommissar)
(b. 1889 - d. 1941) DDP
16 Apr 1929 - 4 Dec 1931
Kurt Gustav Hans
Otto
(s.a.)
SPD
Freiherr von Reibnitz (3rd time)
4 Dec 1931 - 27 May 1933
Heinrich Wilhelm
Ferdinand (b.
1888 - d. 1942) DNVP
von Michael
27 May 1933 - 31 Dec 1933 Fritz
Stichtenoth
(b. 1895 - d. 1935) NSDAP
26 May 1933 - 31 Dec 1933 Friedrich
Hildebrandt
(b. 1989 - d. 1948) NSDAP
(Reichsstatthalter)
Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
(Mecklenburg-Hither Pomerania)
First Secretaries of the Socialist Unity Party
21 Apr 1946 - 28 Jul 1951 Kurt
Bürger
(b. 1894 - d. 1951)
1951 -
1952
Karl
Mewis
(b. 1907 - d. 1987)
Minister-presidents
1 Jan 1934 - 25 Oct 1934
Hans Egon
Engell
(s.a.)
NSDAP
25 Oct 1934 - May
1945 Friedrich
Scharf
(b. 1897 - d. 1974) NSDAP
1 Jan 1934 - 1 May 1945
Friedrich
Hildebrandt
(b. 1898 - d. 1948) NSDAP
(Reichsstatthalter)
Leaders of the State Administration
May
1945
Hans Jess (1st
time)
(b. 1887 - d. 1975) CDU
May 1945 - 18 Jun
1945 Eduard Friedrich
Stratmann
(b. 1875 - d. 1952) LDPD
18 Jun 1945 - Jun
1945 Hans Jess (2nd
time)
(s.a.)
CDU
Jun 1945 - 9 Jul
1945 Reinhold
Lobedanz
(b. 1880 - d. 1955) CDU
President of the State
Administration
9 Jul 1945 - 31 Jul 1945
Wilhelm
Höcker
(b. 1886 - d. 1955) SPD
President
31 Jul 1945 - 9 Dec 1946
Wilhelm
Höcker
(s.a.) SPD;22 Apr 1946: SED
Minister-presidents
9 Dec 1946 - 20 Jul 1951
Wilhelm
Höcker
(s.a.)
SED
20 Jul 1951 - 30 Jul 1951 Kurt
Bürger
(s.a.)
SED
30 Jul 1951 - 23 Jul 1952
Bernhard
Quandt
(b. 1903 - d. 1999) SED
3 Oct 1990 - 27 Oct 1990 Martin
Brick
(b. 1939)
CDU
(Landesbevollmächtigter)
27 Oct 1990 - 19 Mar 1992 Alfred
Gomolka
(b. 1942 - d. 2020) CDU
19 Mar 1992 - 3 Nov 1998
Berndt
Seite
(b.
1940)
CDU
3 Nov 1998 - 6 Oct 2008
Harald
Ringstorff
(b.
1939)
SPD
6 Oct 2008 - 4 Jul 2017 Erwin
Sellering
(b. 1949)
SPD
4 Jul 2017 -
Manuela Schwesig (f)
(b.
1974)
SPD
Niedersachsen (Lower
Saxony)
![[Niedersachsen
unofficial flag c.1946-1952 (Germany)] [Niedersachsen unofficial
flag c.1946-1952 (Germany)]](de-ni1.gif)
c.1946 - 13 Oct 1952 Unofficial
|
-
- Adopted 13 Oct 1952
|
Capital: Hannover
|
State Anthem
"Niedersachsenlied"
(unofficial) |
Population: 7,926,599
(2016)
|
9 Dec
1946
State
of Lower Saxony (Land Niedersachsen)
constituted by
the
merger of Braunschweig, Oldenburg, and
Hannover.
7 Sep
1949
Part of the Federal Republic of Germany.
Minister-presidents
9 Dec 1946 - 26 May
1955 Hinrich Wilhelm
Kopf
(b. 1893 - d. 1961) SPD
(1st time)
26 May 1955 - 12 May
1959 Heinrich
Hellwege
(b. 1908 - d. 1991) DP
12 May 1959 - 21 Dec
1961 Hinrich Wilhelm
Kopf
(s.a.)
SPD
(2nd time)
29 Dec 1961 - 8 Jul
1970 Georg
Diederichs
(b. 1900 - d. 1983) SPD
8 Jul 1970 - 6
Feb 1976 Alfred
Kubel
(b. 1909 - d. 1999) SPD
6 Feb 1976 - 21 Jun
1990 Ernst
Albrecht
(b. 1930 - d. 2014) CDU
21 Jun 1990 - 28 Oct
1998 Gerhard
Schröder
(b.
1944)
SPD
28 Oct 1998 - 15 Oct
1999 Gerhard
Glogowski
(b.
1943)
SPD
15 Oct 1999 - 4 Mar 2003
Sigmar
Gabriel
(b.
1959)
SPD
4 Mar 2003 - 30 Jun 2010
Christian
Wulff
(b.
1959)
CDU
30 Jun 2010 - 1 Jul 2010 Jörg Bode
(acting)
(b. 1970)
FDP
1 Jul 2010 - 19 Feb 2013
David
McAllister
(b.
1971)
CDU
19 Feb 2013
-
Stephan
Weil
(b. 1958)
SPD
Nordrhein-Westfalen
(North Rhine-Westphalia)
-
Adopted 10 Mar 1953 (in use from
1948)
|
Capital: Düsseldorf
|
State Anthem
"Westfalenlied"
(Song of Westfalia)
(unofficial)
|
Population:
17,890,100 (2016)
|
23 Aug
1946
Former Prussian provinces of Westfalen and the
northern
part of Rheinland (Nordrhein) merged to form the State
of
North Rhine-Westphalia (Land Nordrhein-Westfalen).
7 Sep
1949
Part of the Federal Republic of Germany.
Minister-presidents
23 Aug 1946 - 16 Jun 1947 Rudolf
Amelunxen
(b. 1888 - d. 1969) Non-party;
1947: Z
17 Jun 1947 - 20 Feb 1956 Karl
Arnold
(b. 1901 - d. 1958) CDU
20 Feb 1956 - 21 Jul 1958 Fritz
Steinhoff
(b. 1897 - d. 1969) SPD
21 Jul 1958 - 8 Dec 1966
Franz
Meyers
(b. 1908 - d. 2002) CDU
8 Dec 1966 - 20 Sep 1978
Heinz
Kühn
(b. 1912 - d. 1992) SPD
20 Sep 1978 - 27 May 1998
Johannes
Rau
(b. 1931 - d. 2006) SPD
27 May 1998 - 22 Oct 2002
Wolfgang
Clement
(b. 1940 - d. 2020) SPD
22 Oct 2002 - 6 Nov 2002
Michael Vesper
(acting)
(b.
1952)
Grn
6 Nov 2002 - 22 Jun 2005
Peer
Steinbrück
(b.
1947)
SPD
22 Jun 2005 - 14 Jul 2010 Jürgen
Rüttgers
(b.
1951)
CDU
14 Jul 2010 - 27 Jun 2017 Hannelore Kraft
(f)
(b. 1961)
SPD
27 Jun 2017
-
Armin
Laschet
(b. 1961)
CDU
Nordrhein (North Rhine)
20 Jun
1945
Nordrhein province formed from northern part of Prussian
province of Rheinland.
23 Aug
1946
Part of Nordrhein-Westfalen.
Oberpräsidenten
4 Jul 1945 - 2 Oct
1945 Hans
Fuchs
(b. 1874 - d. 1956) Non-party
2 Oct 1945 - 24 Jul 1946
Robert
Lehr
(b. 1883 - d. 1956) CDU
Westfalen (Westphalia)
-
- 21 Dec 1945 - 23 Aug 1946
|
23 Aug
1946
Part of Nordrhein-Westfalen.
Oberpräsident
7 Jun 1945 - 23 Aug 1946
Rudolf
Amelunxen
(s.a.)
Non-party
Oldenburg
-
- 3 Oct 1919 - 15 Sep 1935
|
Capital: Oldenburg
|
State
Anthem
"Heil dir, o Oldenburg!"
|
Population: 578,000
(1939)
|
9 Nov 1911
Republic of Oldenburg-East
Friesland (Republik
Oldenburg-Ostfriesland) declared.
17 Jun 1919
Free State of Oldenburg (Freistaat
Oldenburg)
1 Apr
1937
Excalves of Birkenfeld and Eutin annexed to Prussia.
9 Dec
1946
Part of Niedersachsen.
President of the Directory
14 Nov 1918 - 3 Mar
1919 Bernhard
Kuhnt
(b. 1876 - d. 1946) USPD
3 Mar 1919 - 21 Jun 1919 Members
of the Directory
- Johann Peter Paul Hug
(b. 1857 - d. 1934) SPD
- Karl Heitmann
(b. 1869 - d.
1947) SPD
- August Jordan
(b. 1872 - d.
1935) SPD
- Julius Meyer
(b. 1875 - d. 1934) SPD
- Theodor Johann Tantzen
(b. 1877 - d. 1947) DDP
- Franz Clemens Driver
(b. 1863 -
d. 1943) Z
(acting)
Minister-presidents
21 Jun 1919 - 17 Apr
1923 Theodor Johann Tantzen (1st time)
(s.a.)
DDP
17 Apr 1923 - 13 Jul
1930 Eugen von
Finckh
(b. 1860 - d. 1930) Non-party
14 Dec 1930 - 16 Jun
1932 Friedrich
Cassebohm
(b. 1872 - d. 1951) Non-party
16 Jun 1932 - 6 May
1933 Carl
Röver
(b. 1889 - d. 1942) NSDAP
(also Reichsstatthalter
5 May 1933 - 15 May 1942)
6 May 1933 - Apr
1945 Georg
Joel
(b. 1898 - d. 1981) NSDAP
27 May 1942 - Apr
1945 Paul Wegener (Reichsstatthalter)
(b. 1908 - d. 1993) NSDAP
16 May 1945 - 9 Dec
1946 Theodor Johann Tantzen (2nd time)
(s.a.)
FDP
Birkenfeld
11 Nov 1918
Land Birkenfeld (within Oldenburg).
4 Dec 1918 - 30 Jun 1930
Occupied by French troops during Allied occupation of
Rhineland.
14 Jul 1919 - 7 Nov 1919 Republic
of Birkenfeld (Republik Birkenfeld) declared in
rebellion.
1 Apr
1937
Incorporated into Prussia
(kreis Birkenfeld part
of Rheinland
province).
Presidents (or directors) of the Government
in Birkenfeld
(Präsidenten [bzw.
Vorstände] der Regierung in Birkenfeld)
29 Nov 1917 - 15 Jun 1919
Hermann Gerhard Pralle
(acting) (b. 1863 -
d. 1939) Non-party
15 Jun 1919 - 30 Aug 1919 Konrad
Wilhelm Heinrich
Hartong (b. 1861 -
d. 1931) Z
(acting)
Head of State
30 Aug 1919 - 7 Nov 1919
Philipp Ludwig Eberhard Zoeller
Presidents (of
directors) of the Government in
Birkenfeld
7 Nov 1919 - 31 Oct 1923
Hugo Walther Dörr (1st
time)
(b. 1879 - d. 1964) DDP
(acting to 14 Feb 1920)
31 Oct 1923 - 15 Jan 1924 Karl
Nieten
(acting)
(b. 1883 - d. 1957) Non-party
15 Jan 1924 - 21 Oct 1932 Hugo
Walther Dörr (2nd
time)
(s.a.)
DDP
21 Oct 1932 - 31 Mar 1937
Wilhelm Herbert
Wild
(b. 1886 - d. 1969) NSDAP
(acting to 1933)
Prussia
-
- 1701-16 Dec 1921 Prussia Land
Flag,
- 16 Dec 1921 - 31 Oct 1935
Civil Flag
|
-
- 24 Feb 1922 - 2 Oct 1933 State
Flag
|
|
- 2 Oct 1933 - 31 Oct 1935 State
Flag
|
9 Nov
1918
Free State of Prussia (Freistaat Preussen).
30 Apr
1945
End of central Prussian government.
25 Feb
1947
Allied Control Commission proclaims the dissolution of
Prussia.
Presidents of the Government
9 Nov 1918 - 11 Nov 1918
Friedrich
Ebert
(b. 1871 - d. 1925) SPD
11 Nov 1918 - 25 Mar 1919 Paul
Hirsch
(b. 1868 - d. 1940) SPD
Presidents of the State's Ministry
25 Mar 1919 - 27 Mar 1920 Paul
Hirsch
(s.a.)
SPD
13 Mar 1920 - 17 Mar 1920 Wolfgang Kapp -Minister-president
(b. 1858 - d. 1922) ADV
(in rebellion)
27 Mar 1920 - 21 Apr 1921 Otto
Braun
(b. 1872 - d. 1955) SPD
Minister-presidents
21 Apr 1921 - 5 Nov 1921 Adam
Stegerwald
(b. 1874 - d. 1945) Z
5 Nov 1921 - 18 Feb 1925
Otto Braun (1st
time)
(s.a.)
SPD
18 Feb 1925 - 6 Apr 1925 Wilhelm
Marx
(b. 1863 - d. 1946) Z
6 Apr 1925 - 10 Apr 1933
Otto Braun (2nd
time)
(s.a.)
SDP
(from 20 Jul 1932, in opposition
to the Reichskommissar)
6 Jun 1932 - 20 Jul 1932
Heinrich
Hirtsiefer
(b. 1876 - d. 1941) Z
(acting for Braun)
20 Jul 1932 - 3 Dec 1932 Franz von
Papen (1st
time)
(b. 1879 - d. 1969) Z
(Reichskommissar)
3 Dec 1932 - 28 Jan 1933
Kurt von
Schleicher
(b. 1882 - d. 1934) Non-party
(Reichskommissar)
30 Jan 1933 - 10 Apr 1933 Franz von Papen
(2nd
time)
(s.a.)
DNVP
(Reichskommissar)
10 Apr 1933 - 24 Apr 1945 Hermann
Göring
(b. 1893 - d. 1946) NSDAP
25 Apr 1933 - 30 Apr 1945 Adolf Hitler
(Reichsstatthalter)
(b. 1889 - d. 1945) NSDAP
Reuss
-
- 1919 - 1 May 1920
|
17 Apr
1919
People's State of Reuss (Volksstaat
Reuss) (merger of Free
State
Reuss Younger Line and Free State
Reuss Senior Line).
1 May
1920
Part of Thüringen.
Ministers of State
17 Apr 1919 - 1 May 1920
Karl Eduard Emil Franz
Moritz (b. 1875 - d. 1946)
Non-party
Freiherr von Brandenstein
+ William
Oberländer
(b. 1869 - d. 1946) DDP
Reuss Younger Line
(Reuss-Gera)
-
- 1918 - 17 Apr 1919
|
11 Nov
1918
Free State Reuss Younger Line (Freistaat
Reuss jüngerer Linie).
21 Dec 1918
Formed an administrative community
with Reuss-Greiz.
17 Apr
1919
Two lines united as People's State of Reuss.
Leading Minister of State
10 Nov 1918 - 17 Apr 1919 Karl
Eduard Emil Franz Moritz
(b. 1875 - d. 1946) Non-party
Freiherr von Brandenstein
Reuss Senior Line
(Reuss-Greiz)
-
- 1918 - 17 Apr 1919
|
11 Nov
1918
Free State Reuss Senior Line (Freistaat
Reuss älterer Linie).
21 Dec 1918
Formed an administrative
community with Reuss-Gera.
17 Apr
1919
Two lines united as People's State of Reuss.
Leading Minister of State
Nov 1918 - 17 Apr
1919 William
Oberländer
(b. 1869 - d. 1946) FP
Rheinland-Pfalz
(Rhineland-Palatinate)
Adopted 18 May 1948
|
Capital: Mainz
|
State Anthem
|
Population: 4,052,803
(2015)
|
15 Jun
1945
Rheinland-Hessen-Nassau province is formed by merger of
the
southern part of the Prussian province of Rhinenland and
western
parts of the Prussian province of Hesse.
1 Dec
1946
Rheinland-Hessen-Nassau and Pfalz are merged to form the
State
of Rhenish-Palatinate (Land Rheinpfalz).
18 May 1947
State of
Rhineland-Palatinate (Land Rheinland-Pfalz)
7 Sep
1949
Part of the Federal Republic of Germany.
Minister-presidents
19 Nov 1945 - 9 Jul 1947 Wilhelm
Boden
(b. 1890 - d. 1961) CDU
(Oberpräsident of
Rhineland-Hessen-Nassau to 1 Dec 1946)
9 Jul 1947 - 19 May
1969 Peter
Altmeier
(b. 1899 - d. 1977) CDU
19 May 1969 - 2 Dec 1976 Helmut
Kohl
(b. 1930 - d. 2017) CDU
2 Dec 1976 - 8
Dec 1988 Bernhard
Vogel
(b.
1932)
CDU
8 Dec 1988 - 21 May
1991 Carl-Ludwig
Wagner
(b. 1930 - d. 2012) CDU
21 May 1991 - 26 Oct 1994 Rudolf
Scharping
(b.
1947)
SPD
26 Oct 1994 - 16 Jan 2013
Kurt
Beck
(b.
1949)
SPD
16 Jan 2013
-
Malu Dreyer
(f)
(b. 1961)
SPD
Hessen-Pfalz
13 Jul
1945
Pfalz (Palatinate) district of Bavaria and the
Rheinhessen
district of Hessen(-Darmstadt) are merged to form
Hesse-Palatinate (Hessen-Pfalz) province (also
called
Saarland-Pfalz-Südhessen or Mittelrhein-Saar).
15 Oct
1945
Hessen-Pfalz is dissolved; Rheinhessen district becomes
part
Rheinland-Hessen-Nassau, the remaining part is now
called
of upper-administrative district Pfalz.
1 Dec
1946
Rheinland-Hessen-Nassau and Pfalz are merged into
Rheinland-Pfalz.
Oberregierungspräsidenten
10 May 1945 – 7 Jul 1945 Hermann
Heimerich
(b. 1885 – d. 1963) SPD
7 Jul 1945 – 2 Oct 1945 Hans
Hoffmann
(b. 1893 – d. 1952) SPD
2 Oct 1945 – 1 Dec 1946 Otto
Eichenlaub
(b. 1898 – d. 1954) CDU
Saarland (Saar)
-
- 8 Nov 1947 - 1 Jan 1957
|
-
- Adopted 1 Jan 1957
|
Capital: Saarbrücken
|
Hear
State Anthem
"Saarlied" (The Saar Song)
Adopted 1948 (Lyrics 2003)
|
Population: 996,651
(2016))
|
31 Jul
1945
French administration: Saargebiet = Territoire
de la Sarre (also
in official use: Sarre
[French]; Saarland [German,
gradually
enters into official use after 8 Oct 1946])
(for Saar 1918-1945 see under Germany).
17 Dec
1947
Constituted as an autonomous state in
economic union with France
(Saarland).
1 Jan
1957
Incorporated into Federal Republic of Germany as a
state.
Superior Delegate for the Military Government of
Saarland
30 Aug 1945 - 7 Sep 1945
Gilbert Yves Édmond
Grandval (b. 1904
- d. 1981) Mil
Governor of the Saar
7 Sep 1945 - 10 Jan 1948 Gilbert Yves Édmond
Grandval
(s.a.)
Mil
High Commissioner of the French Republic in the Saar
10 Jan 1948 - 1 Jan 1952 Gilbert
Yves Édmond Grandval
(s.a.)
Chiefs of the Diplomatic Mission of the
French Republic in the Saar
1 Jan 1952 - 8 Jul
1955 Gilbert Yves Édmond
Grandval (s.a.)
8 Jul 1955 - 27 Oct 1956
Charles Marie Eric de
Carbonnel (b. 1910 - d. 1965)
President of the Government (Regierungspräsident)
4 May 1945 - 8 Oct 1946 Hans
Neureuter
(b. 1901 - d.
1953) Non-party
(in Saarbrücken only to 31 Jul 1945)
Chairman of the Administrative
Commission
8 Oct 1946 - 15 Dec 1947 Erwin
Müller
(b. 1906 - d. 1968) Non-party
Minister-presidents
15 Dec 1947 - 29 Oct 1955
Johannes
Hoffmann
(b. 1890 - d. 1967) CVP
29 Oct 1955 - 10 Jan 1956
Heinrich
Welsch
(b. 1888 - d. 1976) Non-party
10 Jan 1956 - 4 Jun 1957
Hubert
Ney
(b. 1892 - d. 1984) CDU
4 Jun 1957 - 23 Apr 1959
Hans Egon
Reinert
(b. 1908 - d.
1959) CDU
23 Apr 1959 - 26 Jun 1979 Franz
Josef
Röder
(b. 1909 - d. 1979) CDU
(acting to 30 Apr 1979)
26 Jun 1979 - 5 Jul 1979 Werner
Klumpp
(acting)
(b. 1928 - d. 2021) FDP
5 Jul 1979 - 9 Apr
1985 Werner
Zeyer
(b. 1929 - d. 2000) CDU
9 Apr 1985 - 10 Nov 1998
Oskar
Lafontaine
(b.
1943)
SPD
10 Nov 1998 - 29 Sep 1999
Reinhard
Klimmt
(b.
1942)
SPD
29 Sep 1999 - 10 Aug 2011 Peter
Aloysius
Müller
(b.
1955)
CDU
10 Aug 2011 - 1 Mar 2018 Annegret
Kramp-Karrenbauer (f) (b. 1962)
CDU
1 Mar 2018
-
Tobias
Hans
(b.
1978)
CDU
Sachsen (Saxony)
-
- 1 Nov 1920 - 15 Sep 1935;
- 9 Dec 1947 - 23 Jul 1952
|
-
- Unofficial 3 Oct 1990 - 4 Mar
1991
- Adopted 4 Mar 1991
|
Capital: Dresden
|
State Anthem
|
Population: 4,081,783
(2016)
5,232,000 (1939)
|
9 Nov 1918 - 1919
Workers' and
Soldiers' Council revolts in Leipzig, Dresden and
and Chemnitz (and other cities).
13 Nov
1918
Saxony declared a republic (declared on 10 Nov 1918).
1 Nov
1920
Free State of Saxony (Freistaat Sachsen).
28 Feb
1947
State of Saxony (Landes Sachsen).
7 Oct
1949
Part of the German Democratic Republic.
23 Jul
1952
State is dissolved into districts (Leipzig,
Dresden,
and
Karl-Marx-Stadt).
3 Oct
1990
Reconstituted as a state of the Federal Republic of
Germany
as the State of Saxony (Landes Sachsen)
27 Oct 1990
Free State of Saxony (Freistaat
Sachsen).
First Secretaries of the
Socialist Unity Party
21 Apr 1946 -
1949
Wilhelm
Koenen
(b. 1886 - d. 1963)
1949 -
1952
Ernst
Lohagen
(b. 1897 - d. 1971)
1952 - Jul
1952
Karl
Schirdewan
(b. 1907 - d. 1998)
Chairmen of the Council of
People's Commissioners
15 Nov 1918 - 21 Jan
1919 Robert Richard
Lipinski
(b. 1867 - d. 1936) USPD
21 Jan 1919 - 14 Mar
1919 Georg
Gradnauer
(b. 1866 - d. 1946) SPD
Minister-presidents
14 Mar 1919 - 4 May
1920 Georg
Gradnauer
(s.a.)
SPD
4 May 1920 - 21 Mar
1923 Johann Wilhelm
Buck
(b. 1869 - d. 1945) SPD
21 Mar 1923 - 29 Oct
1923 Erich
Zeigner
(b. 1886 - d. 1949) SPD
29 Oct 1923 - 31 Oct
1923 Karl Rudolf Heinze (2nd
time) (b. 1865 - d.
1928) DVP
(Reichskommissar)
31 Oct 1923 - 4 Jan
1924 Alfred Karl
Fellisch
(b. 1884 - d. 1973) SPD
4 Jan 1924 - 26 Jun
1929 Max Wilhelm August
Heldt
(b. 1872 - d. 1933) SPD;1927 ASPD
26 Jun 1929 - 6 May
1930 Wilhelm Robert Ferdinand
Bünger (b. 1870 - d. 1937) DVP
6 May 1930 - 10 Mar
1933 Karl Alfred Walther
Schieck (b. 1874
- d. 1946) Non-party
10 Mar 1933 - 28 Feb
1935 Manfred Freiherr von
Killinger (b. 1886 - d.
1944) NSDAP
(Reichskommissar to 5 May 1933)
1 Mar 1935 - 7 May
1945 Martin
Mutschmann
(b. 1879 - d. 1947) NSDAP
(also Reichsstatthalter from 5
May 1933)
1 Jul 1945 - 13 Jun 1947 Rudolf
Friedrichs
(b. 1892 - d. 1947) SPD;
22 Apr 1946:SED
31 Jul 1947 - 23 Jul
1952 Max
Seydewitz
(b. 1892 - d. 1987) SED
3 Oct 1990 - 27 Oct 1990
Rudolf
Krause
(b. 1939)
CDU
(Landesbevollmächtigter)
27 Oct 1990 - 18 Apr
2002 Kurt
Biedenkopf
(b.
1930)
CDU
18 Apr 2002 - 28 May 2008
Georg
Milbradt
(b.
1945)
CDU
28 May 2008 - 13 Dec 2017
Stanislaw
Tillich
(b. 1959)
CDU
13 Dec 2017
-
Michael
Kretschmer
(b. 1975)
CDU
Sachsen-Anhalt (Saxony -
Anhalt)
-
- 24 Oct 1945 - 23 Jul 1952
-
|
-
- 14 Dec 1948 - 23 Jul 1952
State Flag
|
-
- 3 Oct 1990 - 30 Jan 1991
Unofficial
-
|
-
- Adopted 30 Jan 1991
|
|
|
Capital: Magdeburg
(Halle 1945-1952)
|
State Anthem
|
Population: 2,245,470
(2015)
|
23 Jul
1945
Province of Saxony-Anhalt (Provinz Sachsen-Anhalt)
formed by merger
of the
Prussian provinces of Magdeburg and
Halle-Merseburg with
the State of Anhalt (Land Anhalt).
10 Jan 1947
State of Saxony-Anhalt (Land Sachsen-Anhalt).
7 Oct
1949
Part of the German Democratic Republic.
23 Jul
1952
State is dissolved into districts (Halle and
Magdeburg).
3 Oct
1990
Reconstituted as a state of the Federal Republic of
Germany
(State
of Saxony-Anhalt).
First Secretary of the Socialist Unity Party
21 Apr 1946 -
1952
Bernhard
Koenen
(b. 1889 - d. 1964)
Minister-presidents
20 Jul 1945 - 13 Aug 1949 Erhard
Hübener
(b. 1881 - d. 1952) LDPD
13 Aug 1949 - 23 Jul 1952 Werner
Bruschke
(b. 1898 - d. 1995) SED
3 Oct 1990 - 28 Oct 1990
Karl-Hermann
Steinberg
(b. 1941)
CDU
(Landesbevollmächtigter)
28 Oct 1990 - 4 Jul 1991
Gerd
Gies
(b.
1943)
CDU
4 Jul 1991 - 2 Dec
1993 Werner
Münch
(b.
1940)
CDU
2 Dec 1993 - 21 Jun 1994
Christoph
Bergner
(b.
1948)
CDU
21 Jun 1994 - 16 May 2002
Reinhard
Höppner
(b. 1948 - d. 2014) SPD
16 May 2002 - 19 Apr 2011
Wolfgang
Böhmer
(b.
1936)
CDU
19 Apr 2011
-
Reiner
Haseloff
(b. 1954)
CDU
Saxe-Altenburg
14 Nov
1918
Free State of Saxe-Altenburg (Freistaat
Sachsen-Altenburg).
1 May
1920
Part of Thüringen.
Chairmen of the State Ministry
13 Nov 1918 - 27 Mar 1919
Wilhelm Tells
(b. 1871 - d. 1950) FP
27 Mar 1919 - 1 May 1920
August
Frölich
(b. 1877 - d. 1966) SPD
Saxe-Coburg
![[Free State of Saxe
Coburg 1918-1920 (Germany)] [Free State of Saxe Coburg
1918-1920 (Germany)]](de-sg911.gif)
1918 - 1920
|
![[Free
State of Coburg regional flag 1918-1920
(Germany)] [Free State of Coburg
regional flag 1918-1920 (Germany)]](de-sm_mgn.gif)
1918 - 1920 Regional Flag
|
9 Nov
1918
Free State of Saxe Coburg (Freistaat
Sachsen-Coburg).
14 Nov
1918
De facto separation of Gotha following the resignation
of the Duke
of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (de jure from 12 Apr 1919).
10 Mar
1919
Free State of Coburg (Freistaat Coburg).
1 Jul
1920
Part of Bavaria.
Chairmen of the State Council (from
10 Mar 1919, State Government)
9 Nov 1918 - 11 Jul 1919
Karl Hermann
Quarck
(b. 1873 - d. 1932) NL
11 Jul 1919 - 1 Jul 1920 Franz Xaver
Klinger
(b. 1875 - d. 1933) SPD
(Saxe-) Gotha
![[Saxe-Gotha 1919-1920 (Germany)] [Saxe-Gotha 1919-1920
(Germany)]](de-sg911.gif)
9 Nov
1918
Gotha Republic (Gothaer Republik),
Duke is declared deposed by
the
Workers and Soldiers Council in Gotha.
14 Nov
1918
De facto separation of Gotha following the resignation
of the Duke
of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (de jure from 12 Apr 1919).
24 Dec
1919
Republic of Gotha (Republik
Gotha)
1920
Free State of Saxe-Gotha (Freistaat Sachsen-Gotha)
1 May
1920
Part of Thüringen.
Chairman of the Executive Committee of the
Workers' and Soldiers Council
9 Nov 1918 - 30 Nov 1918 Otto
Geithner
(b. 1876 - d. 1948) USPD
Chairman of the Council of People's
Commissars
30 Nov 1918 - 25 Mar 1919 Otto
Geithner
(s.a.)
USPD
Senior Minister of State
25 Mar 1919 - 1 May 1920
Otto
Geithner
(s.a.)
USPD
10 Apr 1920 - 30 May 1920 Albert Heinrich
Friedrich Wilhelm (b. 1866 - d. 1945)
Holle (Reichskommissar)
Saxe-Meiningen
![[Saxe-Meiningen 1918-1920
(Germany)] [Saxe-Meiningen
1918-1920 (Germany)]](de-sg826.gif)
12 Nov
1918
Free State of Saxe-Meiningen (Freistaat
Sachsen-Meiningen).
1 May
1920
Part of Thüringen.
Secret State Councillor (from Mar 1919, Leading
minister)
12 Nov 1918 - 30 Apr 1920 Ludwig Freiherr
von Türcke (b. 1857 - d.
1933) Non-party
Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach
-
9 Nov
1918
Free State of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach (Freistaat
Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach)
20 May
1919
Free People's State of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach
(Freie Volksstaat Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach).
1 May
1920
Part of Thüringen.
State Commissioner
8 Nov 1918 - 20 May 1919
August
Baudert
(b. 1860 - d. 1942) SPD
(Head of Soldiers' and Workers' Council to
23 Dec 1918)
Presiding Minister of State
20 May 1919 - 1 May 1920 Arnold
Rudolf
Paulssen
(b. 1864 - d. 1942) DDP
Schaumburg-Lippe
24 Feb 1922 - 15 Sep 1935
|
Capital: Bückeburg
|
State Anthem
|
Population: 48,044
(1925)
|
16 Nov
1918
Free State of Schaumburg-Lippe (Freistaat
Schaumburg-Lippe)
23 Aug 1946
Incorporated into Hannover.
Minister of State
1898 - 4 Dec
1918
Friedrich Rudolf Ernst Freiherr (b. 1858 -
d. 1942)
von Feilitzsch
Chairman of the State Council
4 Dec 1918 - 14 Mar 1919
Heinrich
Lorenz
(b. 1870 - d. 1947) SPD
State Councillors
14 Mar 1919 - 22 May 1922
Heinrich Friedrich Otto Bömers
(b. 1857 - d. 1931) Non-party
22 May 1922 - 28 May 1925 Konrad
Wippermann
(b. 1858 - d. 1935) Non-party
28 May 1925 - 7 Oct 1927
Erich
Steinbrecher
(b. 1882 - d. 19..) SPD
7 Oct 1927 - 7 Mar
1933 Heinrich
Lorenz
(s.a.)
SPD
1 Apr 1933 - 23 May 1933
Hans Joachim
Riecke
(b. 1899 - d. 1987) NSDAP
State Presidents
23 May 1933 - May
1945 Karl Heinrich Dreier
(b. 1898 - d. 1974) NSDAP
16 May 1933 - 4 Apr 1945 Alfred Meyer
(b. 1891 - d. 1945) NSDAP
(Reichsstatthalter)
May 1945 - 15 Jun 1945
Heinrich Bövers
(b. 1886 - d. 1950) Non-party
(state councillor and chairman of state government)
15 Jun 1945 - 23 Aug 1946
Heinrich Hermann
Drake
(b. 1881 - d. 1970) SPD
Schleswig-Holstein
![[Civil flag of Schleswig-Holstein
(Germany)] [Civil flag of Schleswig-Holstein (Germany)]](de-sh.gif)
29 Aug 1948 - 18 Jan 1957
|
![[State flag of Schleswig-Holstein
(Germany)] [State flag of Schleswig-Holstein (Germany)]](de-sh_s.gif)
Adopted 18 Jan 1957
|
Capital: Kiel
|
State Anthem
"Schleswig-Holstein
meerumschlungen"
(Schleswig-Holstein,
Embraced by the Sea)
(unofficial)
|
Population:
2,881,926 (2016)
|
23 Aug
1946
Prussian province of Schleswig-Holstein becomes a state
as
the
State of Schleswig-Holstein (Lander
Schleswig-Holstein).
7 Sep
1949
Part of the Federal Republic of Germany.
Oberpräsidenten
14 May 1945 - 15 Nov 1945 Otto
Hoevermann
(acting)
(b. 1888 - d. 1953) Non-party
15 Nov 1945 - 12 Sep 1946
Theodor Hans
Steltzer
(b. 1885 - d. 1967) CDU
Minister-presidents
12 Sep 1946 - 29 Apr 1947
Theodor Hans
Steltzer
(s.a.)
CDU
29 Apr 1947 - 29 Aug 1949
Hermann
Lüdemann
(b. 1880 - d. 1959) SPD
29 Aug 1949 - 5 Sep 1950
Bruno
Diekmann
(b. 1897 - d. 1982) SPD
5 Sep 1950 - 25 Jun 1951
Walter
Bartram
(b. 1893 - d. 1971) CDU
25 Jun 1951 - 2 Oct 1954
Friedrich Wilhelm
Lübke
(b. 1887 - d. 1954) CDU
11 Oct 1954 - 14 Jan 1963
Kai-Uwe von
Hassel
(b. 1913 - d. 1997) CDU
14 Jan 1963 - 24 May 1971 Helmut
Lemke
(b. 1907 - d. 1990) CDU
24 May 1971 - 14 Oct 1982
Gerhard
Stoltenberg
(b. 1928 - d. 2001) CDU
14 Oct 1982 - 2 Oct 1987
Uwe
Barschel
(b. 1944 - d. 1987) CDU
2 Oct 1987 - 31 May 1988
Henning Schwarz
(acting)
(b. 1928 - d. 1993) CDU
31 May 1988 - 19 May 1993 Björn
Engholm
(b.
1939)
SPD
19 May 1993 - 27 Apr 2005 Heide
Simonis
(f)
(b.
1943)
SPD
27 Apr 2005 - 12 Jun
2012 Peter Harry
Carstensen
(b.
1947)
CDU
12 Jun 2012 - 28 Jun 2017
Torsten
Albig
(b. 1963)
SPD
28 Jun 2017
-
Daniel
Günther
(b.
1973)
CDU
Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
-
23 Nov
1918
Free State of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt (Freistaat
Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt).
1 May
1920
Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt and
Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
united as part of Thüringen.
People's Government Ministers
23 Nov 1918 - Mar
1919 Franz Ernst Wilhelm Karl
Freiherr
von der
Recke
(b.
1854 - d. 1923) Non-party
+ August Richard Werner
Non-party
+ Friedrich Wissmann
(b. 1865 - d. 1942)
Non-party
+ Ernst
Otto
SPD
+ Emil
Hartmann
(b.
1868 - d. 1942) SPD
+ Auuust Albin Albert Scholl
(b. 1871 - d. 1931) SPD
+ Oskar Günther Wilhelm Hertel
DDP
Leading Minister of
State
Mar 1919 - 1 May 1920
Emil
Hartmann
(s.a.)
SPD
Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
-
25 Nov 1918
Free State of
Schwarzburg-Sondershausen (Freistaat
Schwarzburg-Sondershausen).
1 May
1920
Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt and
Schwarzburg-Sondershausen
united as part of Thüringen.
Leading Ministers of State
Nov 1918 - Mar 1919
Harald Bielfeld
(b. 1863 - d.
1933) DDP
Mar 1919 - 1 May
1920 Wilhelm
Bärwinkel
(b. 1880 - d. 1969) USPD
Sudetenland 1938
- 1945: see under Czech Republic
Thüringen (Thuringia)
![[Thuringia Land
Flag 1921, 1935, 1945-52 (Germany)] [Thuringia Land Flag 1921,
1935, 1945-52 (Germany)]](de-thur1.gif)
7 Apr 1921 - 15 Sep 1935 Civil Flag,
and 20 Dec 1945 - 23 Jul 1952
|
![[Thuringia State Flag
1921-1933 (Germany)] [Thuringia State Flag
1921-1933 (Germany)]](de-thur1922.gif)
25 Apr 1922 - 15 Aug 1933 State
Flag
|
![[Thuringia State Flag
1933-1935 (Germany)] [Thuringia State Flag
1933-1935 (Germany)]](de-th933.gif)
15 Aug 1933 - 15 Sep 1935 State Flag
|
13 Aug 1945 - 23 Jul 1952 State Flag
|
![[Thuringia unoffical flag
1990 (Germany)] [Thuringia unoffical flag
1990 (Germany)]](de-th990.gif)
3 Oct 1990 - 10 Jan 1991 Unofficial
|
![[Thuringia (Germany)] [Thuringia (Germany)]](de-thuri.gif)
Adopted 10 Jan 1991 |
Capital: Erfurt
(Weimar 1920-1948)
|
State Anthem
|
Population: 2,158,128
(2016)
1,712,000 (1939)
|
14 Jul
1919
Council of State entrusted with the elaboration of
a
common constitution and with the provisional
administration of the Union.
4 Jan
1920
The treaty on formation of the Thüringian
Community
(Thüringer Gemeinschaft)
signed.
1 May
1920
Reuss, Saxe-Altenburg, Saxe-Gotha, Saxe-Meiningen,
Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt, and
Schwarzburg-Sondershausen united as Free State of
Thuringia
(Freistaat
Thüringen).
8 Nov 1923 - 28 Feb 1924
Under martial law, administered by central government.
20 Dec
1946
State of Thuringia (Land
Thüringen).
7 Oct
1949
Part of the German Democratic Republic.
23 Jul
1952
State is dissolved into districts (Suhl, Gera, and
Erfurt).
3 Oct
1990
Reconstituted as a state of the Federal Republic of
Germany
as the State of
Thuringia (Land Thüringen).
23 Nov
1993
Free State of Thuringia (Freistaat
Thüringen).
First Secretaries of the Socialist Unity Party
21 Apr 1946 -
1947
Werner Karl Jakob
Eggerath
(b. 1900 - d. 1977)
1947 -
1949
Erich Ernst
Kops
(b. 1905 - d. 1961)
1949 - 25 Jul
1952
Erich
Mückenberger
(b. 1910 - d. 1998)
Chairman of State Council
14 Jul 1919 - 30 Apr 1920 Arnold
Rudolf Otto
Paulssen (b.
1864 - d. 1942) DDP
(also Reichskommissar 22 Mar -
10 Apr 1920)
Leading Ministers of State
(Vorsitzende des Staatsministeriums)
1 May 1920 - 11 Nov 1920
August Frölich (1st
time)
(b. 1867 - d. 1964) SPD
11 Nov 1920 - 6 Oct 1921
Arnold Rudolf Otto
Paulssen
(s.a.)
DDP
7 Oct 1921 - 21 Feb 1924
August Frölich (2nd
time)
(s.a.)
SPD
(acting from 7 Dec 1923)
8 Nov 1923 - 28 Feb 1924
Paul
Hasse
(b. 1864 - d. 1945) Mil
(military administrator)
Minister-presidents
21 Feb 1924 - 6 Nov 1928
Richard
Leutheusser
(b. 1867 - d. 1945) DVP
6 Nov 1928 - 13 Jan 1930 Arnold Rudolf
Paulssen
(s.a.)
DDP
13 Jan 1930 - 26 Aug 1932 Erwin
Baum
(b. 1868 - d. 1950) TLB
26 Aug 1932 - 8 May 1933
Fritz
Sauckel
(b. 1894 - d. 1946) NSDAP
(also Reichsstatthalter 6 May
1933 - 12 Apr 1945)
8 May 1933 - 12 Apr 1945
Wilhelm "Willy" E.K. Marschler
(b. 1893 - d. 1952) NSDAP
Leading Ministers of
State
12 Apr 1945 - 7 May 1945 Karl Müller
NSDAP
7 May 1945 - 9 Jun
1945 Hermann Louis
Brill
(b. 1895 - d. 1959) SPD
President of the Government
9 Jun 1945 - 16 Jul 1945
Hermann Louis
Brill
(s.a.)
SPD
Minister-presidents
16 Jul 1945 - 1 Sep 1947
Rudolf
Paul
(b. 1893 - d. 1978) DemP;
(leader of the state administration to 4 Dec
1946) Apr 1946: SED
2 Sep 1947 - 23 Jul 1952
Werner Karl Jakob
Eggerath
(s.a.)
SED
(acting to 8 Oct 1947)
3 Oct 1990 - 5 Feb
1992 Josef
Duchac
(b.
1938)
CDU
(Landesbevollmächtigter
to 8 Nov 1990)
5 Feb 1992 - 5 Jun
2003 Bernhard
Vogel
(b.
1932)
CDU
5 Jun 2003 - 30 Oct 2009
Dieter
Althaus
(b.
1958)
CDU
1 Jan 2009 - 20 Apr 2009 Birgit
Diezel
(f)
(b. 1958)
CDU
(acting for Althaus)
30 Oct 2009 - 5 Dec 2014 Christine
Lieberknecht (f) (b.
1958) CDU
5 Dec 2014 - 5 Feb 2020
Bodo Ramelow (1st time)
(b. 1956) Lft
5 Feb 2020 - 4 Mar 2020 Thomas
Kemmerich
(b. 1965)
FDP
4 Mar 2020 -
Bodo Ramelow (2nd
time)
(s.a.)
Lft
Waldek-Pyrmont
1918 - 1 Apr 1929
|
Capital: Arolsen
|
State
Anthem
"Das Waldecker Lied"
|
Population: 55,750
(1925)
|
13 Nov
1918
Free State of Waldek-Pyrmont (Freistaat
Waldeck-Pyrmont)
(under Prussian administration).
30 Nov
1921
Free State of Waldeck (Freistaat
Waldeck); Pyrmont incorporated
into
Prussia.
1 Apr
1929
Incorporated into Prussia
(part of Hessen-Nassau).
State Directors (Landesdirektoren)
1914 - 1 Sep
1920
Karl Hermann Friedrich Wilhelm (b.
1867 - d. 1940) Non-party
von Redern
1 Sep 1920 - 7 Feb
1929 Wilhelm
Schmieding
(b. 1878 - d. 1929) DVP
25 Feb 1929 - 31 Mar 1929 Herbert
Herberg
DVP
Wartheland
26 Oct 1939 - Feb 1945 Part of
occupied Poland annexed to Germany (but not to Prussia)
as Reichsgau Posen.
2 Nov 1939
Renamed Wartheland.
May
1945
Re-incorporated into Poland.
German Military
Governor
12 Sep 1939 - 25 Oct
1939 Alfred von
Vollard-Bockelberg (b. 1874
- d. 1945) Mil
Reichsstatthalter
26 Oct 1939 - 23 Feb
1945 Arthur
Greiser
(b. 1897 - d. 1946) NSDAP
(chief of civil government from 14 Oct 1939)
Württemberg
(Württemberg-Baden)
![[State Flag 1922-1933 Württemberg
(Germany)] [State Flag 1922-1933 Württemberg (Germany)]](de-wu-l.gif)
20 Feb 1922 - 30 Jan 1933
|
![[Württemberg-Baden unofficial
flag c.1946-52] [Württemberg-Baden unofficial flag
c.1946-52]](de-wubd.gif)
c.1946 - 25 Apr 1952 Unofficial
|
Capital: Stuttgart
|
State
Anthem
"Württemberg Hymne"
(unofficial)
|
Population: 2,897,000
(1939)
|
30 Nov
1918
People's
State of Württemberg (Volksstaat Württemberg).
13 Jul
1945
States of Baden and Württemberg divided; northern parts
merged into the State of Württemberg (Land Württemberg).
29 Oct
1945
Northern part named North Württemberg-North Baden
(Nordwürttemberg-Nordbaden).
20 Dec
1945
Renamed State of Württemberg-Baden (Land
Württemberg-Baden).
7 Sep
1949
Part of the Federal Republic of Germany.
25 Apr
1952
Merged into Baden-Württemberg.
State Presidents
11 Nov 1918 - 23 Jun
1920 Wilhelm
Blos
(b. 1849 - d. 1927) MSPD;1919 SPD
23 Jun 1920 - 8 Apr
1924 Johannes von
Hieber
(b. 1862 - d. 1951) DDP
8 Apr 1924 - 3
Jun 1924 Eduard Rau
(acting)
(b. 1868 - d. 1953) Non-party
3 Jun 1924 - 8
Jun 1928 Wilhelm
Bazille
(b. 1874 - d. 1934) DNVP
8 Jun 1928 - 15 Mar
1933 Eugen
Bolz
(b. 1881 - d. 1945) Z
15 Mar 1933 - 12 May
1933 Wilhelm
Murr
(b. 1888 - d. 1945) NSDAP
(also Reichskommissar 8-15 Mar
1933 and
6 May 1933 - 19 Apr 1945 Reichsstatthalter)
12 May 1933 - Apr
1945 Christian
Mergenthaler
(b. 1884 - d. 1980) NSDAP
Minister-president
19 Sep 1945 - 25 Apr
1952 Reinhold
Maier
(b. 1889 - d. 1971) FDP/DVP
Württemberg-Hohenzollern
(Südwürttemberg-Hohenzollern)
1945 - 25 Apr 1952
|
Capital: Tübingen
|
State Anthem
|
Population: 1,117,600
(1951)
|
13 Jul
1945
Württemberg divided: the southern part merged with the
former
Prussian district of Sigmaringen-Hohenzollern
into
South
Württemberg-Hohenzollern
(Südwürttemberg-Hohenzollern).
22 Jul
1947
Renamed State of Württemberg-Hohenzollern
(Land Württemberg-Hohenzollern).
7 Sep
1949
Part of the Federal Republic of Germany.
25 Apr
1952
Merged into Baden-Württemberg.
State Presidents
16 Oct 1945 - 22 Jul
1947 Carlo Schmid (1st
time)
(b. 1896 - d. 1979) SPD
(chairman Directorate of the
state secretariat to 4 Dec 1946)
22 Jul 1947 - 3 Aug
1948 Lorenz
Bock
(b. 1883 - d. 1948) CDU
4 Aug 1948 - 13 Aug
1948 Carlo Schmid (2nd time) (acting)
(s.a.)
SPD
13 Aug 1948 - 25 Apr
1952 Gebhard
Müller
(b. 1900 - d. 1990) CDU
© Ben Cahoon
|