Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast)
-
- 10 Feb 1842 - 3 Dec 1959
|
-
- Adopted 3 Dec 1959
|
Map
of Côte d'Ivoire
|
Hear
National Anthem
"L'Abidjanaise"
(Song of Abidjan)
|
Text
of National Anthem
Adopted 7 Aug 1960
|
Constitution
(1 Aug 2000; in
French)
--------------------------------
Former
Constitution
(3 Nov 1960 - 1 Aug
2000)
|
Capital:
Yamoussoukro
(Abidjan 1934-21 Mar
1983;
Bingerville 1900-1934;
Assine 1889-1893;
Grand Bassam 1843-1889,
and 1893-1900)
Administrative:
Abidjan
(from 21 Mar 1983)
|
Currency:
Communauté
Financière
Africaine
Franc
(XOF) |
National
Holiday: 7 Aug (1960)
Fête de l'Indépendance
(Independence Day)
|
Population:
26,260,582 (2018)
|
GDP: $97.16
billion (2017)
|
Exports:
$11.74 billion (2017)
Imports: $9.44
billion (2017)
|
Ethnic groups:
Akan 28.8%, Voltaique or Gur 16.1%,
Northern
Mande 14.5%, Kru 8.5%, Southern
Mande 6.9%,
unspecified 0.9%, non-Ivoirian 42.3%
(2014)
|
Total Active
Armed Forces: 17,050 (2010)
French Troops: 600
(2016)
Merchant marine:
9 ships (2017)
|
Religions:
Muslim 42.9%, Catholic 17.2%,
Evangelical 11.8%,
Methodist 1.7%, other Christian
3.2%, animist 3.6%, other
religion 0.5%, none 19.1% (2014)
note: the majority of foreign migrant
workers are
Muslim 72.7% and Christian 17.7% (2014)
|
International
Organizations/Treaties: ACP,
AfCFTA,
AfDB, AIIB (nonregional),
APM, AU, BCEAO, BTWC, CCM,
CEMAC, CEN-SAD, CPLP (associate observer),
CTBT, CWC, EBRD (applicant), ECOWAS,
EITI, ESCR, FAO, FZ, G-24, G-77, IAEA,
IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt, ICRM, ICSID, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS,
ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU,
IRENA, ISA, ISESCO, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, LU,
MIGA, NAM, NPT, NTBT, OIC, OIF, OPCW,
UN, UNCLOS, UNCTAD,
UNESCO, UNFCC, UNFCC-KP, UNFCC-PA, UNHCR,
UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WADB (regional),
WAEMU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
|
Côte
d'Ivoire
Index
|
Chronology
1382 -
1413
French merchants from Dieppe and Rouen
establish
trading Fort de la Mine on the Côte
d'Or.
1700 - 1707
French
Compagnie de Guinée trading post at
Grand
Bassam.
24 Jun 1701 - 1703
French Compagnie de Guinée
trading post at Assinie
(Fort Saint-Louis).
1838
French Expeditions to
Côte d'Ivoire under Lt.
Édouard Bouët-Willaumez aboard La
Malouine.
10 Feb
1842
Grand Bassam king agrees to a French
protectorate
proposed by Charles Philippe de
Kerhallet
allowing France to build a fort
(Fort-Nemours).
28 Sep
1843
Assinie and Sanwi kings agree to a
French
protectorate signed with Fleuriot de
Laugle
allowing France to build a fort (Fort
Joinville),
part
of the Colony of Gorée (see
Senegal)
(Établissements Français de la Côte
d'Or
[French Establishments of the Gold
Coast]).
10 Oct
1853
Fort Ducos established at Dabou.
4 Oct
1860
Ivory Coast territory of the Ivory
Coast-Gabon
colony (see Gabon).
1871
France surrenders administration to
private
traders, but maintains the
protectorates. The
major
trader was Arthur Verdier &
Company.
10 Nov 1878 -
1886
Administration under Arthur
Verdier & Company
(Établissements Français de la
Côte d'Ivoire).
16 Dec
1883
Ivory Coast subordinate to French
Guinea
(see Guinea).
10 Jan
1889
French protectorate of Ivory Coast
(Côte d'Ivoire).
10 Mar
1893
French colony (Ivory Coast [Côte
d'Ivoire]).
16 Jun
1895
Part of French West Africa (see Senegal).
16 Jun 1940 - 23 Nov 1942
Administration loyal to "Vichy"
France (from 23 Nov
1942
[under Darlan to 24 Dec 1942],
"Free"
French).
27 Oct
1946
Ivory Coast overseas territory of
France.
11 Dec 1958
Autonomy (Republic of Ivory Coast
[République de
Côte d'Ivoire]).
11 Dec 1958 - 7 Aug
1960 Member state of the Communauté
(French Community).
6 Aug 1960
Accedes to sovereignty and
independence in
accordance with a special
agreement signed by
the representatives of Côte
d'Ivoire and France.
7 Aug
1960
Independence is proclaimed in
Abidjan.
12 Oct
1985
Republic of Côte d'Ivoire (French
name no longer
translated).
19 Sep 2002 - 4 Mar
2007 Civil war between
government, MPCI, MPIGO and MPJ
(in 2003 rebel groups merge as the
FNCI).
|
Traditional
States
|
United Nations
Missions (2003-2017)
|
Historical
Maps
of
Ivory Coast
|
Côte
d'Ivoire
Civil
War
Maps
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Commandants-particulier at Assinie (Fort Joinville)
25 Jun 1843 - 29 Jul 1843 Cinna Étienne Jean
Rataillot (b. 1801 - d. 1888)
(Rataillaud)(expedition commander)
29 Jul 1843 -
1844
Louis Léon Théodore Dufour de (b.
1810 - d. 1875)
Mont-Louis
1844 - c.1845
Boyer
1846
Tessa
1847 - 26 Nov 1847
de Thévenard
(d. 1847)
1848 -
1849
Brochard
1850 -
1851
Lemaire
1851 -
1853
Coquet
1853 -
1855
de Thévenard
1855
Pierre Alexandre
Mailhetard (b.
1822 - d. 1889)
1856 -
1858
Bonaventure René Denis
(b. 1811 - d. 1861)
1858 - 1862
....
4 Jan 1862 -
1863
Laurent Philippe Darré
(b. 1825 - d. 1896)
29 Apr 1863 -
c.1864 F.L. Viard
1865 - 1866
Antoine-Marius Aime-Dieu
(b. 1827 - d. 1868)
1866 - 186.
Bour
1868/69/70
Jean Auguste Martin
Commandants-particulier at Dabou (Fort
Ducos)
10 Oct 1853 -
1854 Bernard François
Benech (b. 1820
- d. ....)
1854
Durban
1855
Pierre Alexandre
Mailhetard (s.a.)
1856
Jean-Charles Gindre
1856 -
1857
Édouard
Guéden
1857 -
1858
Bonaventure René Denis
(s.a.)
21 Dec 1861 - c.1867
Noël Bruyas
(b. 1813 - d.
....)
1867/68
F.E. Bouyer
c.1870
Munier
Commandants-superior at
Grand-Bassam (Fort
Nemours)
17 Aug 1843 - 28 Sep
1843 Charles Marie Philippe de
(b. 1809 - d. 1863)
Kerhallet (expedition commander)
28 Sep 1843 - 1844
Léon Besson
(b. 1811 - d. 1880)
1844 -
1845
Joseph Pellegrin
(b. 1789
- d. 1845)
1845 - 3 Jul 1846
Gilbert
Jean-Baptiste Conjard
(b. 1814 - d. 1846)
1847 -
1848
Adolphe Pigeon (Pijeon)
1849 -
1850
Jean Jules Charles
Boulay
1851 -
1853
Charles Gabriel Felicité Martin (b. 1823 -
d. 1876)
des Pallières
1853 -
1854
François Chirat
1854 - 1855
Pierre Alexandre
Mailhetard
(s.a.)
(1st time)
1856
Noël Bruyas
(s.a.)
1857
Charles Brossard de Corbigny (b.
1822 - d. 1900)
1858 - 1860
Pierre Alexandre Mailhetard
(s.a.)
(2nd time)
10 Nov 1860 - Jul
1862 Charles René Gabriel
Liébault (b. 1808 - d.
1862)
28 Aug 1862 - 14 Jan 1863 Joseph
Alem
(d. 1863)
29 Apr 1863 -
1863
Jean Antoine Léonard Eudore Noyer (b. 1813 - d.
1876)
1863 -
1864
Jacques Bertrand Oscar Desnouy (b.
1823 - d. 1883)
1864 -
1866
Jean Auguste Martin
1866 -
1867
Léon Noël
1867 -
1869
Alfred
Pouzols
(b. 1833 - d. 1892)
1869 -
1871
Jean-Louis Vernet
(b. 1793 - d. 1876)
Residents
(from 1881 subordinated to the Superior Commandant of Gabon and the Gulf of Guinea
Settlements; from 1886 subordinated to the Lieutenant
governors of Guinea)
1871 -
1885
François Arthur Verdier
(b. 1835 - d. 1898)
(warden of the French Flag to 1878)
1885 -
1886
Charles
Bour
(b. 1849 - d. 19..)
(commandant-particulier)
1886 - 9 Mar
1890
Marcel
Treich-Laplène
(b. 1860 - d. 1890)
9 Mar 1890 - 14 Jun 1890 Jean Joseph Étienne
Octave Péan (b. 1858 - d. 1906)
(acting)
14 Jun 1890 -
1892
Jean Auguste Henri Desaille
(b. 1848 - d. 1939)
1892
Éloi Jean Bricard (acting)
1892 - 12 Nov
1892
Julien Voisin (acting)
(b. 1875 - d. 1947)
12 Nov 1892 - 20 Mar 1893 Paul Alphonse
Frédéric Marie de (b. 1846 - d. 1915)
Beckman
Governors
20 Mar 1893 - 28 Aug 1895 Louis Gustave
Binger
(b. 1856 - d. 1936)
1895
Paul Jean François Cousturier
(b. 1849 - d. 1921)
(acting
for Binger)
1895
Jean Baptiste Philémon Lemaire (b. 1856 -
d. 1932)
(acting for Binger)
1895 - 25 Feb
1896
Pierre Hubert Auguste Pascal (b.
1861 - d. 1946)
(acting)
25 Feb 1896 - 13 May 1896 Théodule Charles
Eugène Bertin (b. 1856 - d. 1896)
(acting)
13 May 1896 - 14 May 1896 Jean Baptiste Castaing
(acting) (b. 1864 - d. 1915)
14 May 1896 - 11 Sep 1898 Louis
Mouttet
(b. 1857 - d. 1902)
(acting to 19 Mar 1897)
1898
Louis Alphonse
Bonhoure
(b. 1864 - d. 1909)
(acting for Mouttet)
1898
Antoine Julien Oscar Penel
(b. 1843 - d. 1908)
(acting
for Mouttet)
1898
Pierre Paul Marie Capest
(b. 1857 - d. 1924)
(acting for Mouttet)
1898 - 11 Sep
1898
Jean Napoléon Ribes
(b. 1856 - d. 1919)
(acting for Mouttet)
11 Sep 1898 - 5 Nov 1902 Henri Charles
Victor Amédée
(b. 1849 - d. 1916)
Roberdeau
5 Nov 1902 - 25 Nov 1902 Albert Anatole
Nebout (1st time) (b. 1862 - d. 1939)
(acting)
25 Nov 1902 - 25 Aug 1907 Marie François Joseph
Clozel (b. 1860 - d.
1918)
(acting to 4 May 1903)
17 Jul 1904 - 6 Jan 1905 Émile Joseph
Merwart
(b. 1869 - d. 1960)
(acting for Clozel)
19 Nov 1905 - 27 Oct 1906 Albert Anatole Nebout
(2nd time) (s.a.)
(acting for Clozel)
25 Aug 1907 - 25 Apr 1908 Albert Anatole Nebout
(3rd time) (s.a.)
(acting)
25 Apr 1908 - 27 Dec 1916 Gabriel Louis
Angoulvant
(b. 1872 - d. 1932)
28 Apr 1909 - Aug 1909 Pierre
Brun (acting for Angoulvant)(b. 1866 - d. 19..)
12 May 1911 - 9 Mar 1912 Marie Casimir
Joseph Guyon
(b. 1870 - d. 1942)
(1st time) (acting for Angoulvant)
22 Mar 1913 - 29 Oct 1913 Marie Casimir Joseph
Guyon (s.a.)
(2nd time) (acting for Angoulvant)
29 Oct 1913 - 4 Sep 1914 Gustave
Jacques Henri Julien
(b. 1870 - d. 1936)
(acting for Angoulvant)
16 Jun 1916 - Jan 1918 Maurice
Pierre Lapalud (1st time) (b. 1868 - d. 1935)
(acting [for Angoulvant to 27 Dec 1916])
Jan 1918 - 2 Apr
1924 Raphaël Valentin Marius
Antonetti (b. 1872 - d. 1938)
Jun 1919 - 22 Sep 1919
Maurice Beurnier
(b. 1878 - d.
1949)
(acting for Antonetti)
24 Jan 1922 - 28 Sep 1922 Pierre
Aimable Chapon-Baissac (b.
1876 – d. af.1934)
(acting for Antonetti)
2 Apr 1924 - 2 Jul 1925 Richard
Édmond Maurice Édouard (b. 1883
- d. 1958)
Brunot (acting)
2 Jul 1925 - 25 Aug 1930 Maurice Pierre
Lapalud (2nd time) (s.a.)
20 May 1927 - Mar 1928 Maurice
Léon Bourgine
(b. 1879 - d. 1963)
(acting for Lapalud)
25 Aug 1930 - 28 Oct 1930 Joseph Jules
Brévié
(b. 1880 - d. 1964)
28 Oct 1930 - 16 Jan 1931 Jean-Paul Boutonnet
(acting) (b. 1877 - d. 1967)
16 Jan 1931 - 7 May 1935 Dieudonné
François Joseph Marie (b.
1879 - d. 1976)
Reste
3 Mar 1931 - 28 Dec 1932 Raoul Joseph
Bourgine
(b. 1895 - d. 1985)
(acting for Reste)
7 May 1935 - 28 Jun 1935 Marie Alphonse
Flottes de Pouzols (b. 1884 - d. 1935)
(acting)
28 Jun 1935 - 7 Mar 1936 Adolphe
Deitte
(b. 1879 - d. 1949)
7 Mar 1936 - 28 Nov 1936 Georges Julien
Lamy (acting) (b. 1878 - d. 1940)
28 Nov 1936 - 16 Jul 1938 Gaston Charles Julien
Mondon
16 Jul 1938 - 27 Jan 1939 Louis Henri François
Denis
(b. 1884 - d. 19..)
Bressolles (acting)
27 Jan 1939 - 1 Jan 1941 Horace Valentin
Croccichia (b. 1888 - d.
1976)
(acting to 5 Mar 1940)
1 Jan 1941 - 29 Sep 1942 Hubert Jules
Deschamps
(b. 1900 - d. 1979)
29 Sep 1942 - 3 Aug 1943 Georges Pierre
Rey
(b. 1897 - d. 1977)
3 Aug 1943 - 26 Aug 1943 Jean François
Toby
(b. 1900 - d. 1964)
26 Aug 1943 - 16 Aug 1945 André Jean Gaston
Latrille
(b. 1894 - d. 1987)
(1st time)
16 Aug 1945 - Apr 1946 Henry
Jean Marie de
Mauduit (b.
1897 - d. 1975)
Apr 1946 - 20 Feb 1947 André
Jean Gaston
Latrille
(s.a.)
(2nd time)
20 Feb 1947 - 29 Jan 1948 Oswald Marcellin
Maurice Maruis (b. 1888 - d. 1982)
Durand (acting to 20 May 1947)
29 Jan 1948 - 10 Nov 1948 Georges Louis Joseph
Orselli (b. 1896 - d. 1971)
10 Nov 1948 - 25 Apr 1952 Laurent Élisée
Péchoux
(b. 1904 - d. 2000)
25 Apr 1952 - 10 Jul 1952 Pierre François
Pélieu
(b. 1906 - d. 1952)
10 Jul 1952 - 19 Feb 1954 Camille Victor
Bailly
(b. 1907 - d. 1984)
19 Feb 1954 - 18 Feb 1956 Pierre Joseph Auguste
Messmer (b. 1916 - d.
2007)
18 Feb 1956 - 23 Feb 1957 Pierre Auguste Michel
Marie Lami (b. 1909 - d. 1994)
(acting to 28 May 1956)
23 Feb 1957 - 4 Dec 1958 Ernest Maurice de
Nattes
(b. 1908 - d. 1994)
High Commissioners
4 Dec 1958 - 15 Jul 1959
Ernest Maurice de Nattes
(s.a.)
15 Jul 1959 - 7 Aug 1960
Yves René Henri
Guéna
(b. 1922 - d. 2016)
Chief of State, Prime minister
30 Apr 1959 - 7 Dec 1960
Félix Houphouët-Boigny
(b. 1905 - d. 1993) PDCI
(prime minister to 30 Jul 1960)
Presidents
7 Dec 1960 - 7 Dec
1993 Félix Houphouët-Boigny
(s.a.)
PDCI
7 Dec 1993 - 24 Dec 1999
Aimé Henri Konan Bédié
(b. 1934 - d. 2023) PDCI
24 Dec 1999 - 26 Oct 2000 Robert
Guéï
(b. 1941 - d. 2002) Mil
(president of National Committee for
Public Salvation to 27 Dec 1999)
26 Oct 2000 - 4
Dec 2010 Laurent Koudou Gbagbo
(b. 1945)
FPI
(continued in dissidence to 11 Apr
2011)
4 Dec 2010 -
Alassane Dramane Ouattara
(b.
1942)
RDR + RHDP
Vice President of the Government Council
17 May 1957 - 26 Jul 1958 Marcel Auguste
Denise
(b. 1906 - d. 1991) PDCI
President of the Government Council
26 Jul 1958 - 30 Apr 1959
Marcel Auguste Denise
(s.a.)
PDCI
(president of the provisional government from 4 Dec
1958)
Prime ministers
30 Apr 1959 - 7 Dec 1960 Félix
Houphouët-Boigny
(s.a.)
PDCI
7 Dec 1960 - 7 Nov 1990 Post
abolished
7 Nov 1990 - 11 Dec 1993 Alassane
Dramane
Ouattara
(s.a.)
PDCI
11 Dec 1993 - 24 Dec 1999 Daniel Kablan
Duncan (1st time) (b.
1943)
PDCI
24 Dec 1999 - 18 May 2000 Vacant
18 May 2000 - 27 Oct 2000 Seydou Elimane
Diarra (1st time) (b. 1933 - d. 2020)
Non-party
27 Oct 2000 - 25 Jan 2003 Pascal Affi
N'Guessan
(b.
1953)
FPI
25 Jan 2003 - 5 Dec 2005 Seydou
Elimane Diarra (2nd time)
(s.a.)
Non-party
5 Dec 2005 - 29 Mar 2007 Charles
Konan
Banny
(b. 1942 - d. 2021) Non-party
29 Mar 2007 - 13 Mar 2012 Guillaume Kigbafori
Soro
(b. 1972)
FNCI
(from 4
Dec 2010 under President Ouattara)
7 Dec 2010 - 11 Apr 2011 Gilbert Marie N'gbo
Aké
(b. 1955)
Non-party
(under
President Gbagbo)
13 Mar 2012 - 21 Nov 2012 Jeannot Kouadio-Ahoussou
(b. 1951)
PDCI
21 Nov 2012 - 10 Jan 2017 Daniel Kablan Duncan
(2nd time) (s.a.)
PDCI
10 Jan 2017 - 8 Jul 2020 Amadou Gon
Coulibaly
(b. 1959 - d. 2020) RDR + RHDP
2 May 2020 - 2 Jul 2020 Hamed
Bakayoko
(b. 1969 - d. 2021) RDR
(acting for absent Gon Coulibaly)
8 Jul 2020 - 10 Mar 2021 Hamed
Bakayoko
(s.a.)
RDR
(acting to 4 Aug 2020)
8 Mar 2021 - 17 Oct 2023 Patrick Jérôme
Achi
(b.
1955)
RHDP
(acting [for Bakayoko to 10 Mar 2021] to 30 Mar 2021)
17 Oct 2023
-
Robert Beugré
Mambé
(b.
1952)
RHD
Ivorian Civil War
Leader of the Patriotic
Movement of Côte d'Ivoire
19 Sep 2002 - Jan 2003 Guillaume
Kigbafori Soro
(b. 1972)
MPCI
(in rebellion, in Bouake)
Territorial Disputes: Disputed
maritime border between Côte d'Ivoire and Ghana.
Party abbreviations: FPI
= Front Populaire Ivoriene (Ivorian Popular Front,
social-democratic, est.1982); MPCI
= Mouvement Patriotique de Côte d'Ivoire (Patriotic
Movement of Ivory Coast, militant to 2005, northern regionalist,
mainly Muslim, est.Oct 2002); MPIGO
= Mouvement Populaire Ivoirien du Grand Ouest (Ivorian
Popular Movement of the Great West, western regionalist
est.2002); FNCI =
Forces Nouvelles de Côte d'Ivoire (New Forces
of Côte d'Ivoire, alliance of MPJ,
MPCI, and MPIGO, anti-Gbagbo, est.2003); PDCI
= Parti Démocratique de Côte
d'Ivoire-Rassemblement Démocratique Africain (Democratic
Party of Ivory Coast-African Democratic Rally,
authoritarian, pan-African, conservative, 1960-1990 only
legal party, est.1976); RDR =
Rassemblement des Républicains (Rally of the
Republicans, liberal, centrist, split from PDCI,
est.1994); RHDP = Rassemblement des
Houphouëtistes pour la Démocratie et la Paix (Rally of
Houphouëtists for Democracy and Peace, centrist,
liberal, Houphouëtism, alliance of RDR, PDCI,
Mouvement des Forces de l'Avenir, Union pour la
Démocratie et la Paix en Côte d'Ivoire, Union pour la
Côte d'Ivoire, and from 2016 the Parti Ivoirien des
Travailleurs, est.18 May 2005); Mil
= Military
United Nations Missions in Côte d'Ivoire
-
Special Representatives of the
Secretary-General for Côte d'Ivoire and
Heads of the (United Nations Mission in
Côte d'Ivoire [MINUCI]
to 4 Apr 2004)
Mission of the United Nations Operation in Côte
d'Ivoire (UNOCI)
7 Feb 2003 - 31 Jan 2005 Albert
Tévoedjré (Benin) (b.
1929 - d. 2019)
1 Feb 2005 - 11 Apr 2005
Alan Claude Doss (U.K.)(acting) (b. 1945)
11 Apr 2005 - 15 Feb 2007 Jean-Pierre Olov Schori
(Sweden) (b. 1938)
15 Feb 2007 - 20 Nov 2007 Abou Moussa
(Nigeria)(acting) (b. 1950)
(officer in charge)
20 Nov 2007 - 31 Aug 2011 Choi Young-jin (South
Korea) (b. 1948)
1 Sep 2011 – 1 Jul 2013 Albert Gerard
"Bert" Koenders (b. 1958)
(The Netherlands)
5 Jul 2013 - 30 Jun 2017 Aïchatou
Mindaoudou
(b. 1959)
Souleymane (f)(Niger)
Chief Military Liaison Officer of the UN Mission in
Côte d'Ivoire (MINUCI)
4 Jun 2003 - 4 Apr 2004 Abdul
Hafiz (Bangladesh) (b.
1957)
Commanders of the United
Nations Operation in Côte d'Ivoire
(UNOCI)
4 Apr 2004 - 3 Apr 2006
Abdoulaye Fall (Senegal)
(b. 1953)
3 Apr 2006 - 31 Mar 2010 Fernand
Marcel Amoussou (Benin) (b. 1953)
(acting to 12 Sep 2006)
1 Apr 2010 - 22 Mar 2011 Abdul Hafiz
(Bangladesh) (s.a.)
22 Mar 2011 - 13 May 2012 Gnakoudè Béréna
(Togo) (b. 1953)
13 May 2012 - 1 Jul 2014 Muhammad Iqbal
Asi (Pakistan) (b. 1962)
1 Jul 2014 - 30 Jun 2015 Hafiz Masroor Ahmed
(Pakistan) (b. 1952)
1 Jul 2015 - 30 Jun 2017 Didier L'Hôte
(France) (b.
1960)
© Ben Cahoon
|