Belgium
-
- 17th cent. - 24
Sep 1781
- Austrian
Netherlands
-
|
-
- 24 Sep 1781 - 31
Dec 1786
- Austrian
Netherlands
-
|
-
- 31 Dec 1786 - 24
Oct 1789;
- 7 Dec 1790 - 27
Jul 1794
-
|
-
- 24 Oct 1789 - 11
Jan 1790
- United Belgian
States
-
|
-
- 11 Jan 1790
- 7 Dec 1790
- United Belgian
States
|
-
- 19 Nov 1792 - 15
Feb 1814
-
-
|
-
- 16 Mar 1815 - 24
Sep 1830
-
|
-
- 24 Sep 1830 - 23
Jan 1831
-
|
-
- Adopted 23 Jan
1831
-
|
Map
of Belgium |
Hear
National Anthem
"La Brabançonne"
(The Song of Brabant)
|
Text
of National Anthem
Adopted Sep 1830
(Lyrics 1860/1921) |
Constitution
(7 Feb 1831) |
Capital:
Brussels
(Bruxelles/Brussel)
|
Currency:
Euro (EUR);
1831 - 1 Jan 2002
Belgian
Franc (BEF); 1940-1944
German Reichsmark (DER); 1925-1945
Belgian Belga (BEB); 1865-1925
Belgian Union Latine Franc (XULF);
1915-1918 Belgian Franken (BEF);
1714-1792 Austrian Netherlands Ducat
(XAND); 1579-1714 Spanish
Netherlands Souverain (XNEG)
|
National
Holiday: 21 Jul (1831)
Fête Nationale/Nationale
Feestdag (National Day)
|
Population:
11,570,762
(2018) |
GDP: $529.2
billion (2017)
|
Exports:
$300.8 billion (2017)
Imports: $300.4 billion (2017)
|
Ethnic groups:
Belgian 75%, Italian 4.1%, Moroccan
3.7%,
French 2.4%, Turkish 2%, Dutch
2%, other 12.8% (2011)
|
Total Active
Armed Forces: 28,800 (2018)
U.S. Forces: 1,105
(2023)
Merchant marine: 185 ships
(2017)
|
Religions:
Roman Catholic 50%, Protestant and
other
Christian 2.5%, Muslim 5%, Jewish
0.4%, Buddhist 0.3%,
atheist 9.2%, none 32.6% (2009)
|
International
Organizations/Treaties: ADB
(nonregional), AfDB (nonregional), AG, AIIB (nonregional),
ANT (consultative),
APM, Benelux, BIS, BTWC, CCM, CD, CE,
CERN, CFE, CTBT, CWC, DC (observer), DLU
(associate), EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EITI
(implementing country), EMU, ENMOD, ESA,
ESCR, EU, Euratom, Eutelsat, FAO, FATF,
G-10, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICCt,
ICRM, ICSID, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS,
IGAD (partner), IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO,
IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, IRENA, ISA, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA,
Moon, MTCR, NATO, NEA, NPT, NSG, NTBT,
OAS (observer), OECD, OIF, OPCW, OS,
OSCE, OST, PA (observer), Paris
Club, PCA, SEGIB
(associate observer), SELEC (observer), UN, UNCLOS,
UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFCC, UNFCC-KP,
UNFCC-PA,
UNHCR, UNRWA, UPU, WA, WADB
(nonregional), WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO,
ZC
|
Belgium Index
|
Chronology
10th - 11th
cent.
Counties of Louvain (Brabant),
Antwerp, Malines,
Looz, Hainaut (900), Namur, Liège, Stavelot-
Malmedy,
Limburg
(c.1030), Montaigu, La
Roche, Durbuy, Chiny, Arlon, Vianden,
Bouillion
and Luxembourg.
bf.1139
Duchy of Lower Lotharingia
(Lorraine)(north of
Lotharingia; all states except
Liège-Bouillon,
Stavelot and Flanders).
1458
County of Flanders.
1467
Personal union of Flanders and
principalities of
Lotharingia under the Valois dukes of
Burgundy.
26 Jun
1548
Under the Habsburg dynasty.
16 Jan
1556
Spanish Netherlands, under the kings
of the
Spanish monarchy.
13 Jun 1584 - 20 Sep 1604 Ostend under
Dutch (and English) occupation.
1703 -
1706
French occupation (in Namur and
Luxembourg
to 1714).
12 Sep
1703
Limburg under Austrian rule.
Jul
1706
Brabant and Flanders under allied
administration
("conference of the high powers"),
Hainaut and
Namur under Bavarian
administration.
8 May
1713
As a consequence of the War of the
Spanish
Succession, the Spanish Netherlands
passes to
the Archdukes of Austria
(Austrian
Netherlands)(also see Luxembourg).
May 1745 - 18 Oct
1748 Occupied
by France.
11 Jan
1790
United Belgian (or Netherlands) States
(United
States of Belgium or United Belgian
States
[Republiek der Verenigde
Nederlandse Staten/
États
Belgiques unis or États-Unis de
Belgique]);
Luxembourg remains under Austrian
control.
7 Dec
1790
Austrian rule restored.
19 Nov 1792 - 26 Mar 1793
Occupied by France (Brussels
on 14 Nov 1792,
Antwerp
28 Nov 1792, and Namur 2 Dec
1792); on
25
Mar 1793 Belgium organized into
departments.
15 Dec 1792
French decree proclaims the eventual
"freedom and
sovereignty" of the peoples of the
Austrian
Netherlands and Liège, but from 1 - 30
Mar 1793,
it
is gradually integrated into France.
26 Mar 1793 - 27 Jul 1794
Austrian rule restored.
27 Jul
1794
Re-occupied by France (Brussels on 10
Jul 1794).
15 Oct
1794
Central and Superior Administration of
Belgium
(covering all areas except except
Bouillon).
31 Aug
1795
Belgian territory is divided into nine
departments
1 Oct
1795
Belgian departments annexed by France.
18 Aug
1797
Officially ceded to France by Austria.
15 Feb
1814
Belgian territory separated from
France,
provisional government headed by Gouverneur-
général de la Belgique
installed under authority
of
the Allies: Belgium (Belgique)(also
La
Belgique)(and Provinces
de la Belgique, Provinces
belges also in
official use).
21 Jul 1814
Act
on transfer of sovereignty to the
Sovereign
Prince of the Netherlands
is signed. The
assumption of authority
in Belgium is 1 Aug 1814.
16 Mar
1815
Incorporation of the Belgian lands and
Liège into
the Kingdom of the Netherlands.
24 Sep
1830
Administrative Commission established
by Belgian
revolutionary forces.
4 Oct
1830
The provinces of Belgium are
proclaimed an
independent state in accordance with
an order of
the
Provisional Government (confirmed by
decree of
of
independence of the Belgian people by
the
National Congress of 18 Nov 1830)(Belgium
[Belgique])(also La
Belgique).
3
Feb
1831
Congress proclaims
Louis-Charles-Philippe-Raphaël
d'Orléans, duc de Nemours, son of
King
Louis-Philippe of the French, to be
king; his
father refuses in his name.
25 Feb
1831
Kingdom of Belgium (Royaume de
Belgique [and from
25 May 1898, Koninkrijk België).
23 Dec 1832
Dutch forces evacuate Antwerp citadel.
19 Apr
1839
Netherlands recognizes Belgian
independence by the
Treaty of London (ratified 8 Jun
1839).
25 May 1898
Dutch is added as a language of
official
publications in accordance with the
Law of
18 Apr 1898.
4 Aug 1914 - 11 Nov
1918 Occupied by Germany (in
Brussels 20 Aug 1914),
except for
a small area behind the Yser River
(Kaiserliches
Deutsches Generalgouvernement
Belgien,
included Brussels and surrounding
countryside
[Etappengebiet zone
under the control
of the
German 4th Army, included the
cities
of Ghent and
Antwerp and a Marinegebiet
along the
coast including Ostend, Bruges and
Zeebrugge was
administered by the Imperial German
Navy]).
3 Jan 1915
- 5 Jan 1918 Northern part
of the Meuse River valley of French
Ardennes département
(including Givet and Fumay)
(Gebiet
um Givet und Fumay) and Maubiege
(Gebiet
der Kommandantur Maubeuge)(3
Oct 1914 - 1 Oct 1916)
attached to German General Government
of Belgium.
22 Dec 1917 - 25 Jun 1918
Independent State of Flanders
proclaimed.
21 Mar
1917
In preparation for a possible division
into two
separate autonomous or independent
polities,
Belgium was divided into two
administrative
regions: Flandern, capital Brussels and
Wallonien, capital Namur.
20 Sep
1920
Eupen-Malmedy, and Moresnet formally
annexed.
22 Dec
1922
Belgium–Luxembourg Economic Union (Union
économique
belgo-luxembourgeoise/Belgisch-Luxemburgse
Economische Unie/Belsch-Lëtzebuerger
Wirtschaftsunioun)(signed
25 Jul 1921).
10 May 1940 - 3 Sep
1944 Germany occupies Belgium
(in Brussels 17 May 1940)
administering it together (from 15 Jun
1940) with
Nord
and Pas-de-Calais départements
of France.
29 Jul
1940 - 10 Sep 1944 Eupen,
Malmedy and Moresnet annexed to
Germany.
Jul
1944
German military administration
replaced by a
civilian one as a prelude to integration
into
the German Reich (Reichskommissariat
für die
besetzten Gebiete von Belgien
und
Nordfrankreich).
Dec 1944 Belgium is nominally
divided into
three parts: Distrikt
Brüssel,
remaining under
the Reichskommissar;
Reichsgau
Flandern, capital
Antwerpen; and Reichsgau
Wallonien,
capital Liège.
3
Sep 1944 - 21 Sep 1944 Allied
occupation.
Dec
1944 - Jan
1945
Brief German re-occupation of parts of
the
provinces of Liège and Luxembourg.
1 Jan
1948
Part of the Benelux Union
(Belgium-Netherlands-
Luxembourg)(signed 5 Sep 1944).
11 Nov 1991
German is recognized as one of the
three languages
in
which the Constitution is written in
accordance
with
a Constitutional amendment of 23 Oct
1991.
1 Nov 1993
Part of European
Union (1958-93 European
Community). |
Regions
and
Communities
|
Provinces
|
French
Départements
(1793-1815)
|
Independent
Flanders
(1917-1918) |
Eupen-Malmedy
(1918-1925) |
Bouillon
(1695-1795,
1814-1815) |
Liège
(1694-1795) |
Fagnolle
(Ligne)
(1765-1793) |
Limburg
Duchy
(1703-1795) |
Neutral
Moresnet
(1817-1920) |
Nivelles
(1668-1795)
|
Reckheim
(1623-1795)
|
Stavelot-Malmedy
(1682-1794) |
Dutch
Ostend
(1584-1603)
|
Map
of Belgium
1559-1794
|
Historical
Maps
of
Belgium |
|
Dukes1
26 Jun 1548 - 25 Oct 1555 Charles
III
(b. 1500 - d. 1558)
26 Jun 1548 - 25 Oct 1555 Maria von
Habsburg (f) -Regent
(b. 1505 - d. 1558)
25 Oct 1555 - 16 Jan 1556 Philip
V
(b. 1527 - d. 1556)
16 Jan 1556 - 16 Nov 1700 the kings
of Spain
- in Hainaut/Henegouwen and Namur/Namen -
16 Nov 1700 - 2 Jan 1712
Philippe
(b. 1683 - d. 1746)
(= Felipe V of Spain)
May 1712 - 8 May
1713 Maximilien
Emmanuel
(b. 1662 - d. 1726)
(= Maximilian II Emanuel of Bavaria)
8 May 1713 - 20 Oct 1740
Charles
(b. 1685 - d. 1740)
(= Karl III of Austria)
- Limburg/Limbourg -
16 Nov 1700 - 6 Dec 1703
Philippe
(s.a.)
6 Dec 1703 - 20 Oct 1740
Charles
(s.a.)
- in Brabant -
16 Nov 1700 - 5 Jun 1706
Philippe
(s.a.)
5 Jun 1706 - 20 Oct 1740
Charles
(s.a.)
- Flanders/Vlaanderen -
16 Nov 1700 - 6 Jun 1706
Philippe
(s.a.)
6 Jun 1706 - 20 Oct 1740
Charles
(s.a.)
- in Malines, Upper Gelder (to
Prussia 1713), Tournai, West-Flanders
and from 1711, Hainaut (under titular
sovereignty of Charles to Feb 1716) -
12 Sep 1703 - 22 Aug 1718 Conference
of the High Powers
- John Churchill, Duke
of
(b. 1650 - d. 1722)
Marlborough (U.K.) (to 1707)
- William Cadogan (U.K.) (1707-1710) (b. 1675 - d. 1726)
- Charles Boyle, Earl of Orrery
(b. 1676 - d. 1731)
(U.K.)(from 1710)
- Frederik Adriaan Baron van Reede, (b. 1659 - d.
1738)
Baron van Renswoude (to 1708)
(United Netherlands)
- Johan van den Bergh (from 1708)
(b. 1664 - d. 1755)
(United Netherlands)
- all of the Southern Netherlands -
22 Aug 1718 - 17 Oct 1797 the rulers
of Austria
(interrupted by invasions and occupations listed [s.b.])
Governors-general
26 Jun 1548 - 25 Oct 1555 Maria von
Habsburg
(f)
(s.a.)
25 Oct 1555 - 27 Jul 1559 Emmanuele
Filiberto, duca di Savoia (b. 1528 - d. 1580)
27 Jul 1559 - 30 Dec 1567 Margarita,
duquesa de Parma (f)
(b. 1522 - d. 1586)
30 Dec 1567 - 29 Nov 1573 Fernando
Álvarez de
Toledo,
(b. 1507 - d. 1582)
duque de Alba
7 Jul 1572 - 8 Nov 1576
Willem, graaf van
Nassau,
(b. 1533 - d. 1584)
prince d'Orange (in rebellion)
29 Nov 1573 - 5 Mar 1576 Luis de
Requesens y Zúñiga
(b. 1528 - d. 1576)
5 Mar 1576 - 31 Jul 1576 Gerónimo
de Roda
+ Philippe de Croy, duc de Aërschot (b. 1526 - d.
1595)
(acting)
31 Jul 1576 - 3 Nov 1576 Charles
Philippe de
Croy,
(b. 1549 - d. 1613)
marquis de Havré (acting)
3 Nov 1576 - 1 Oct 1578 Juan
de
Austria
(b. 1547 - d. 1578)
(acting to 6 May 1577 in Luxembourg)
20 Jan 1578 - 15 Mar 1580 Matthias
Erzherzog von Österreich (b. 1557 - d.
1619)
1 Oct 1578 - 6 Dec 1592
Alessandro Farnese, duca di Parma (b. 1545
- d. 1592)
Jun 1580 - Nov
1581 Margarita,
duquesa de Parma (f)
(s.a.)
(co-ruler, in Namur)
26 Jan 1581 - 26 Jul 1581 Francis
Hercule, duc
d'Anjou
(b. 1555 - d. 1584)
et d'Alençon (in dissidence)
(Prince Souverain des Pays-Bas)
1592 - Feb
1594
Peter Ernst Graf von
Mansfeld- (b. 1517 -
d. 1604)
Heldrungen (acting to 6 Dec 1592)
Feb 1594 - 12 Feb 1595
Ernst Erzherzog von
Österreich (b. 1553
- d. 1595)
12 Feb 1595 -
1596
Pedro Enríquez de Azevedo,
(b. 1525 - d. 1610)
conde de Fuentes (interim)
1596 -
1598
Albrecht Erzherzog von Österreich (b. 1559
- d. 1621)
1598 - 6 May
1598
Andreas Erzherzog von Österreich (b.
1558 - d. 1600)
6 May 1598 - 1 Dec 1633
Isabella Clara Eugenia de España (f) (b. 1566 - d. 1633)
(Princesse Souveraine des Pays-Bas to 13 Jul
1621)
5 Sep 1599 - 13 Jul 1621 Albrecht
Erzherzog von Osterreich (b. 1559 - d.
1621)
(Prince Souverain des Pays-Bas)
29 Nov 1621 -
1634
Francisco de Moncada, marqués
(b. 1586 - d. 1635)
de Aytona (interim from 1633)
1634 - 9 Nov
1641
Fernando, Arzobispo de
Toledo (b.
1609 - d. 1641)
1641 -
1644
Francisco Melo de Portugal y Castro (b.
1597 - d. 1651)
marqués de Villanueva
1644 -
1647
Emanuel de Moura y Corte-Real,
(b. c.1590 - d. 1651)
marqués de Castel Rodrigo
1647 -
1656
Leopold Wilhelm Erzherzog von
(b. 1614 - d. 1662)
Österreich
1656 - Mar
1659
Juan José
d'Austria
(b. 1629 - d. 1679)
1659 - Sep
1664
Luis de Benavides Carrillo de
(b. 1608 - d. 1668)
Toldedo, marqués de Caracena
1664 - Sep
1668
Francisco de
Moura-Cortereal,
(b. 1610 - d. 1675)
marqués da Castel Rodrigo
1668 - Jul
1670
Íñigo Melchor Fernández de Valesco (b.
1629 - d. 1696)
y Guzmán, duque de Feria
1670 - Feb
1675
Juan Domingo de Zúñiga y Fonseca, (b.
1640 - d. 1716)
conde de Monterrey
1675 - Dec
1677
Carlos de Aragón de Gurrea y Borja, (b. 1634 - d.
1692)
duque de Villahermosa
1678 -
1682
Alessandro Farnese de
Parma
(b. 1635 - d. 1689)
1682 - 19 Jun
1685
Ottone Enrico del
Carretto,
(b. 1639 - d. 1685)
conte di Millesimo
1685 - 1692
Francisco Antonio de
Agurto,
(b. 1640 - d. 1702)
marques de Gastañaga
1692 - 23 Mar
1701
Kurfürst Maximilian II von Bayern (b. 1662
- d. 1726)
(1st time)
23 Mar 1701 - 7 Oct 1704 Jan van Brouchoven
Graf van
(b. 1644 - d. 1725)
Bergeyck
7 Oct 1704 - Jul 1706
Kurfürst Maximilian II von Bayern
(s.a.)
(2nd time)
Administrators-general (governors of Limburg +
Liège)
22 Oct 1703 - 1705
Philipp
Ludwig Wenzel Graf
(b. 1671 - d. 1742)
Sinzendorff und Thannhausen
(1st
time)
19 Oct 1705 - 1707
Johann Peter
Graf von Goëss
(b. 1667 - d. 1716)
6 Nov 1707 - Jul 1709
Francisco Bernardo de
Quiros (b.
1650 - d. 1709)
23 Jul 1709 - 25 Feb 1710 Johann Wenzel
Graf von Gallas (b. 1670 - d.
1719)
25 Feb 1710 - 27 Oct 1713 Franz Adolf
Freiherr von Zinzerling (d. 1718)
(Sinzerling)(substitute)
27 Oct 1713 - 14 Dec 1713
Philipp Ludwig Wenzel Graf
(s.a.)
Sinzendorff und Thannhausen
(2nd
time)
Governors (of Limburg)
14 Dec 1713 -
1714 Georg
Freiherr Tunderfeld
(b. 1678 - d. 1748)
17 Mar 1714 - 31 Jan 1716 Franz
Sigismund Graf Thurn und
(b. 1662 - d. 1726)
Valsassina
Governors-general
31 Jan 1716 - Nov 1716
Joseph Lothar Dominik Graf
von (b. 1673 - d.
1751)
Königsegg-Rothenfels (acting)
Nov 1716 -
1717
Ercole Giuseppe Luigi
Turinetti (b. 1658 - d.
1726)
marchese di Prié (acting)
1717 - Dec
1724
François Eugéne (Eugenio) prince de (b. 1663 - d.
1736)
Savoie-Soissons
(= Eugen Prinz von Savoyen)
Dec 1724 - 9 Oct
1725 Wirich Philipp Lorenz Graf
Dhaun (b. 1669 - d. 1741)
(acting)
9 Oct 1725 - 26 Aug 1741 Maria
Elisabeth Erzherzogin von
(b. 1680 - d. 1741)
Österreich (f)
26 Aug 1741 - 16 Mar 1743 Friedrich
August Gervas Graf Harrach (b. 1696 - d. 1749)
zu Rohrau (acting)
16 Mar 1743 - 8 Jan 1744 Karl
Ferdinand Graf von Königsegg- (b. 1696 - d.
1759)
Erps (acting)
8 Jan 1744 - 16 Mar 1746 Karl
Alexander Prinz von Lothringen (b. 1712 - d. 1780)
und Bar (1st time)
- jointly with -
8 Jan 1744 - 16 Dec 1744
Maria Anna Erzherzogin
von
(b. 1718 - d. 1744)
Österreich (f)
French Military Governor
May 1745 - 18 Oct 1748
Moritz von Sachsen (Marurice de Saxe)(b. 1696 - d. 1750)
Governors-general
Oct 1748 - 23 Apr 1749 Karl
Joseph Graf Batthyány (acting) (b. 1697 - d. 1772)
23 Apr 1749 - 4 Jul 1780
Karl Alexander Prinz von Lothringen (s.a.)
und Bar (2nd time)
28 Jun 1780 - Nov 1480 Georg
Adam Fürst von Starhemberg (b.
1724 - d. 1807)
(acting)
Nov 1780 - Jun 1787
Marie Christine
Johanna Josepha (b. 1742 -
d. 1798)
Antonia Erzherzogin von
Österreich (f)(1st time)
- jointly with -
Nov 1780 - Jun 1787
Albert Kasimir
August Prinz von (b. 1738
- d. 1822)
Sachsen-Teschen (1st time)
Jun 1787 - Nov 1787
Joseph Graf Murray
(acting)
(b. 1718 - d. 1802)
Military governor
Nov 1787 - 12 Dec 1789
Richard Graf
Alton
(b. 1732 - d. 1790)
Commander of the Patriotic Army
24 Oct 1789 - 11 Jan 1790 Jan Frans
Vonck
(b. 1743 - d. 1792)
Plenipotentiary of the People of Brabant
24 Oct 1789 - 11 Jan 1790 Hendrik Karel
Nicolaas van der Noot (b. 1731 - d. 1827)
Presidents of the Sovereign Congress of the Belgian
States
11 Jan 1790 - Mar 1790
François Corneille de Nélis
(b. 1736 - d. 1798)
Mar 1790 - Apr 1790 Amour
Joseph Philippe Charles Taye, (b. 1738 -
d. 1792)
marquis
de Wemmel (1st time)
Apr 1790
Philippe Joseph, baron de
Néverlée (b. 1749 - d. 1829)
de Baulet
Apr 1790 - May 1790
Louis-Joseph de Haveskercke
(b. 1736 - d. 1812)
May 1790
Bonaventure Hyacinthe
Joseph de (b. 1755 - d. 1831)
Bousies
(1st time)
May 1790
Amour Joseph
Philippe Charles Taye, (s.a.)
marquis
de Wemmel (2nd time)
May 1790 - Jun 1790 Bonaventure
Hyacinthe Joseph de (s.a.)
Bousies
(2nd time)
Jun 1790 - Jul 1790 Charles
Joseph de Grave
(b. 1736 - d. 1805)
Jul 1790 - Aug 1790
Jean François Gendebien
(b. 1753 - d. 1838)
Aug 1790 - Sep 1790
François Ignace van der Meersch (b.
1750 - d. 1825)
Sep 1790 - Oct 1790
Ignace Joseph de La Saulx de
(b. 1734 - d. 1805)
Gulchen,
seigneur de Ravede et
Sainte-Marie
Oct 1790 - Nov 1790
Baptiste François Xavier Hyacinthe, (b.
1737 - d. 1815)
comte de Baillet
8 Nov 1790 - Nov 1790 Hendrik
Herman Werner Frans Anton (b. 1738
- d. 1811)
van
Crumpipen
Nov 1790 - 2 Dec
1790 Petrus Johannes Simon
Visbecque (b. 1744 - d.
1804)
van
Eupen
Austrian Governors-general
6 Dec 1790 - Jun
1791 Florimond Claude Graf
Mercy-
(b. 1722 - d. 1794)
Argenteau (acting)
Jun 1791 - 19 Nov 1792
Marie Christine Johanna
Josepha (s.a.)
Antonia Erzherzogin von
Österreich (f) (2nd time)
- jointly with -
Jun 1791 - 19 Nov 1792
Albert Kasimir August Prinz
von (s.a.)
Sachsen-Teschen (2nd time)
Commanders of French forces
19 Nov 1792 - 29 Dec 1792 Charles
François du
Perrier
(b. 1739 - d. 1823)
Dumouriez (1st time)
29 Dec 1792 - 2 Feb 1793 Francisco
de Miranda
(acting) (b.
1750 - d. 1816)
2 Feb 1793 - 9 Mar 1793
Charles François du
Perrier
(s.a.)
Dumouriez (2nd time)
Austrian Governors-general
9 Mar 1793 - 26 Mar 1793 Franz Karl
Johann Nepomuk, Graf (b.
1746 - d. 1818)
von Metternich zu Winneburg (acting)
26 Mar 1793 - 2 Aug 1794 Karl
Ludwig Erzherzog von Österreich (b. 1771 - d. 1847)
French Commander
27 Jul 1794 - 15 Oct 1794 Jean Charles
Pichegru
(b. 1761 - d. 1804)
(from 9 Feb 1794, commander of the Armée du Nord)
Presidents of the Central and Superior Administration
of Belgium
(Président de l'administration centrale et
supérieure de la Belgique)
Oct 1794 - Dec 1794
Jacques Laurent Béthune
(b. 1713 - d. 1799)
Dec 1794 - Jan 1795 Charles
Joseph Mathieu Lambrechts (b. 1753 - d.
1823)
(1st
time)
Jan 1795 - Feb 1795 Jean
Baptiste Joseph Delabuisse (b. 1754
- d. 1809)
Feb 1795 - Mar 1795 Charles
Lambert Doutrepont
(b. 1746 - d. 1809)
Mar 1795 - Apr 1795 Antoine
Delval-Lagache
(b. 1748 - d. 1823)
Apr 1795 - May 1795 Jacques
Guillaume Meyer
(b. 1760 - d. 1805)
May 1795 - Jun 1795
Henri Denier
Jun 1795 - Jul 1795
Charles Joseph Mathieu Lambrechts
(s.a.)
(2nd
time)
Jul 1795 - Aug 1795
Nicolas Bonaventure
(b. 1753 - d. 1831)
Aug 1795 - Sep 1795
Charles Louis Michel
29 Sep 1795 - Oct 1795 Jacques
Joseph Chapel
Chairmen of council of government
13 Oct 1795 - 27 Oct 1795 Julien Urbain François
Marie Riel (b. 1757 - d. 1816)
Lefebvre
de Nantes
+ Jacques
Charles Giroust
(b. 1749 - d. 1836)
Oct 1795 - 22 Nov 1795 Louis François
René Portiez de (b. 1756 -
d. 1810)
l'Oise
+ Emmanuel
Pérès de la Haute-Garone (b. 1752 - d. 1833)
+ Claude Roberjot (did not
arrive) (b. 1752 - d. 1799)
French Commissioner of the Directory
22 Nov 1795 - 20 Jan 1797 Louis Ghislain
de Bouteville-Dumetz (b. 1746 - d. 1821)
1 Oct 1795 - 30 Jan 1814 Annexed
to France (see departments below)
Governors-general (on behalf of the
Allied Powers)
30 Jan 1814 - 11 Feb 1814 Allied
Military Commanders
- Karl August Herzog von Sachsen- (b.
1757 - d. 1828)
Weimar
- Friedrich Wilhelm Freiherr von
(b. 1755 - d. 1816)
Bülow, Graf von Dennewitz
- Ferdinand Freiherr
von
(b. 1770 - d. 1818)
Wintzigerode
11 Feb 1814 - 18 Mar 1814
Allied Commissioners
- Justus Adolf Philipp
Wilhelm (b. 1774 -
d. 1845)
Ludwig Freiherr von Wolzogen
(to 15
Feb 1814)
- Leopold Hermann Ludwig von Boyen (b. 1771
- d. 1848)
(to 15 Feb 1814)
- Daniel
Heinrich Delius
(b. 1773 - d. 1832)
(from
15 Feb 1814)
- Carl
Friedrich Heinrich Graf von (b. 1767 - d. 1841)
Wylich
und Lottum (from 15 Feb 1814)
15 Feb 1814 - 19 Mar 1814 Frédéric Auguste
Alexandre, duc de (b. 1751 - d. 1817)
Beaufort-Spontin,
duc et comte
princier de Beaufort-Spontin,
marquis de Spontin, de Florennes et
de
Courcelles, comte de Beauraing
15 Feb 1814 - 18 Feb 1814 Eugène
Jean-Baptiste, comte
de (b. 1741 - d.
1820)
Robiano
(acting for absent Beaufort-Spontin)
19 Mar 1814 - 5 May 1814 August Friedrich
Karl Hermann (b.
1780 - d. 1861)
Freiherr von der Horst
5 May 1814 - 31 Jul 1814
Nicholas-Charles, baron de Vincent (b. 1757 - d.
1834)
(= Nikolaus Karl Freiherr von Vincent)
(Gouverneur-général pour les Alliés
de la Belgique et du pays de Liége)
1 Aug 1814 - 16 Mar 1815 Willem
Frederik van Oranje-Nassau, (b. 1772 - d. 1843)
Souverein Vorst der Verenigde
Nederlanden
did not take office in person,
delegated his authority to his
representative:
Godert Alexander Gerard Philip,
baron van der Capellen, heer van (b. 1778 -
d. 1848)
Berkenwoude en Agterbroek
16 Mar 1815 - 4 Oct 1830 incorporation
into Kingdom of Netherlands
24 Sep 1830 - 25 Feb 1831 Administrative
Commission (from 26 Sep
1830, Provisional Government)
- Emmanuel Constant Prismes
(b. 1782 - d. 1866) Con
Ghislain van der Linden,
baron d'Hooghvorst, comte de
Hornbeéck (to 14 Feb 1831)
- Charles Latour
Rogier
(b. 1800 - d. 1885) Lib
(signs as chairman on 25 Sep 1830, but never again)
- Philippe Félix Balthazar Othon
(b. 1791 - d. 1857) Con
Ghislain, comte de Mérode
(from 26 Sep 1830)
- Alexandre Joseph
Célestin
(b. 1789 - d. 1869) Lib
Gendebien (from 26 Sep 1830)
- Jean Sylvain van de Weyer
(b. 1802 - d. 1874)
Lib
(from 26 Sep 1830)
- André Édouard Jolly
(b. 1799 - d. 1831)
Mil
- Feuillen Charles Marie Joseph,
(b. 1800 - d. 1887) Con
baron de Coppin de Falaën
- Joseph van der Linden(Vanderlinden)(b. 1798 - d.
1877) Lib
- Louis Joseph Antoine de Potter
(b. 1786 - d. 1859) Con
(28 Sep - 13 Nov 1830)
- Joseph Nicolay (Nicolaï)
(b. 1798? - d. 1842)
(25 Sep - 10 Oct 1830)
5 Oct 1830 - 26 Oct 1830 Willem
Frederik, prins van Oranje- (b. 1792 -
d. 1849)
Nassau (Netherlands provisional Governor-
general
of Southern provinces; in Antwerp)
Regent
25 Feb 1831 - 21 Jul 1831 Érasme Louis,
baron Surlet
de (b. 1769 -
d. 1839) Lib
Chokier
Kings2
21 Jul 1831 - 10 Dec 1865 Léopold
I
(b. 1790 - d. 1865)
(king-elect from 4 Jun 1831)
10 Dec 1865 - 17 Dec 1865 Charles Latour
Rogier
(s.a.)
PL
(acting Head of State)
17 Dec 1865 - 17 Dec 1909 Léopold
II
(b. 1835 - d. 1909)
(also in Congo 29 May 1885 - 15
Nov 1908)
17 Dec 1909 - 23 Dec 1909 Frans Victor Marie
Ghislain
(b. 1851 - d.
1917) CP
Schollaert (acting Head of
State)
23 Dec 1909 - 17 Feb 1934 Albert
I
(b. 1875 - d. 1934)
(at La Panne, Belgium Oct 1914 - 21 Nov 1918)
German Military Commanders
4 Aug 1914 - 2 Sep 1914
Alexander Heinrich Rudolf von Kluck (b.
1846 - d. 1934) Mil
(commander 1st Armee)
+ Karl Wilhelm Paul von
Bülow (b. 1846
- d. 1921) Mil
(commander 2nd Armee)
+ Max Clemens Lothar Freiherr von (b.
1846 - d. 1922) Mil
Hausen (commander 3rd Armee)
Governors-general for the Imperial
German General Government of Belgium
(Generalgouverneur für das
Kaiserlich Deutsche Generalgouvernement Belgien)
2 Sep 1914 - 3 Dec 1914 Wilhelm
Leopold Colmar Freiherr (b.
1843 - d. 1916) Mil
von der
Goltz
3 Dec 1914 - 18 Apr 1917 Moritz
Ferdinand Freiherr
von (b. 1844 -
d. 1917) Mil
Bissing
18 Apr 1917 - 3 May 1917 Johann "Hans" von
Zwehl (acting) (b. 1851 - d. 1926)
Mil
3 May 1917 - 11 Nov 1918 Ludwig
Alexander Friedrich August (b. 1844 -
d. 1936) Mil
Philipp Freiherr von Falkenhausen
King2
17 Feb 1934 - 23 Feb 1934 Charles Marie Pierre
Albert,
(b. 1860 - d. 1940) CP
comte de Broqueville
(acting Head of State)
23 Feb 1934 - 27 May 1940 Léopold III
(1st time)
(b. 1901 - d. 1983)
(German prisoner 27 May 1940 - 8 May 1945)
German Military Commanders
10 May 1940 - 31 May 1940 Karl Rudolf
Gerd von Rundstedt
(b. 1875 - d. 1953) Mil
(commander-in-chief
Heeresgruppe A)
+ Moritz Albrecht Franz Friedrich (b. 1880
- d. 1945) Mil
Fedor von Bock
(commander-in-chief Heeresgruppe B)
German Military Governor (Militärbefehlshaber
in Belgien und Nordfrankreich)
1 Jun 1940 - 18 Jul 1944
Alexander Ernst Alfred Hermann
(b. 1878 - d. 1966) Mil
Freiherr
von Falkenhausen
(military governor for occupied Netherlands and Belgium
to 29 May 1940, then for Belgium and Northern France)
Reich Commissioner for the
occupied territories of Belgium and Northern France
(Reichskommissar für die besetzten
Gebiete von Belgien und Nordfrankreich)
18 Jul 1944 - 3 Sep 1944 Josef Grohé (1st
time)
(b. 1902 - d.
1987) NSDAP
Dec 1944 - Jan
1945 Josef
Grohé (2nd
time)
(s.a.)
NSDAP
Allied Military Commanders
3 Sep 1944 - 21 Sep 1944 Omar
Nelson Bradley
(U.S.)
(b. 1893 - d. 1981) Mil
(commanding general 12th Army Group)
+ Bernard Law Montgomery
(U.K.) (b. 1887 - d.
1976) Mil
(general
officer commanding-in-chief 21st Army Group)
Kings2
8 Sep 1944 - 21 Sep 1944
Hubert Marie Eugène
Pierlot
(b. 1883 - d. 1963) PCS-KVV
(acting Head of State)
21 Sep 1944 - 16 Jul 1951
Léopold III (2nd time)
(s.a.)
(German prisoner to 8 May 1945; then in
Switzerland exile 8 May 1945 - 22 Jul 1950)
21 Sep 1944 - 20 Jul 1950 Charles Théodore Henri
Antoine (b. 1903 -
d. 1983)
Meinrad, comte de Flandre,
prince de Belgique -Regent
11 Aug 1950 - 16 Jul 1951 Baudouin Albert
Charles Léopold (b. 1930 -
d. 1993)
Axel Marie Gustave, duc de Brabant,
prince de Belgique -Regent
(exercising royal functions)
16 Jul 1951 - 17 Jul
1951 Clovis Louis Marie Emmanuel
Joseph (b. 1884 - d. 1968) CVP-PSC
Pholien (acting Head of State)
17 Jul 1951 - 31 Jul
1993 Baudouin
I
(s.a.)
(declared incapacitated at own request, 4-5 Apr 1990)
4 Apr 1990 - 5
Apr 1990 Wilfried
Martens
(b. 1936 - d. 2013) CVP
(acting Head of State)
31 Jul 1993 - 9 Aug
1993 Jean-Luc Joseph Marie Dehaene
(b. 1940 - d.
2014) CVP
(acting Head of State)
9 Aug 1993 - 21 Jul
2013 Albert
II
(b. 1934)
21 Jul
2013
Elio di Rupo (acting Head of State) (b. 1951)
PS
21 Jul 2013
-
Philippe
(b. 1960)
Presidents of the Supreme Council of the
Netherlands (in Vienna)
1 Apr 1717 - 25 Jun 1729 José
Ceverio Folch de
Cardona, (b. 1651 -
d. 1729)
Príncipe de Cardona Erill y Borja
25 Jun 1729 - 20 Nov 1740 Juan Antonio de Baxador,
vizconde
de Roccaberti, conde de Savalla (b.
1673 - d. 1743)
(acting to Aug 1729)
20 Nov 1740 - 12 Dec 1740 Karl Ferdinand
Graf von Königsegg- (s.a.)
Erps (acting)
12 Dec 1740 -
1757
Manoel Téllez de Menezes e Castro, (b. 1696
- d. 1771)
duque de Sylva, conde de Tarouca
1757 - 31 Mar
1757
Melchior Relles Girón, marqués de (d.
1763)
Pacheco (acting)
French Intendant of Justice, Police et Finances
May 1745 - 18 Oct 1748
Jean Moreau de
Séchelles
(b. 1690 - d. 1760)
Joint Provisional Government-general of the
Netherlands
Oct 1748 - 23 Apr 1749
Leopold Philipp Carl Joseph Herzog
(b. 1690 - d. 1754)
von Arenberg Herzog von Aërschot
und Croy
+ Augustin Dieudonné de Steenhault (b. 1672
- d. 1758)
+ Ambroise-Joseph, marquis de
(b. 1680 - d. 1759)
Herzelles
+ Herman de Crumpipen
+ Jean Daniel Antoine
Scockart, (b. 1698 - d.
1756)
comte de Thirimont
Niederländischer Referendar (in
Vienna)
1 Apr 1757 - 27 Apr 1766 Johann
Anton Jakob van
Dorn
(b. 1722 - d. 1766)
27 Apr 1766 - 20 Oct 1766 Vacant
Conductor of the Netherlands departments
(in Vienna)
20 Oct 1766 - 1 Mar 1793 August
Gottlob Freiherr von Lederer (b. 1723 - d. 1795)
Prime minister of the Belgian States
11 Jan 1790 - 2 Dec 1790 Hendrik
Karel Nicolaas van der Noot (s.a.)
Hofrat der Niederländischen Hofkanzlei
(in Vienna)
1 Mar 1793 - 5 Sep 1795
August Gottlob Freiherr von Lederer (s.a.)
Chief secretary of the Belgian States Secretariat
1 Aug 1814 - Sep
1815 Pieter Lodewijk Joseph
Servaes
van
Gobbelschroy
(b. 1784 - d. 1850)
Presidents of the Council of Ministers
26 Feb 1831 - 27 Feb 1831 Albert Joseph
Goblet (1st time)
(b. 1790 - d. 1873) Uni/Lib
27 Feb 1831 - 15 Mar 1831 Étienne
Constantin de
Gerlache (b. 1785 -
d. 1871) Uni/Con
Cabinet Chiefs
15 Mar 1831 - 23 Mar 1831 Étienne
Constantin de
Gerlache
(s.a.)
Uni/Con
23 Mar 1831 - 26 Jul 1831 Jean Louis
Joseph Lebeau (1st time) (b. 1794 - d.
1865) Uni/Lib
26 Jul 1831 - 17 Sep 1832
Félix Armand, comte de Mûelenaere
(b. 1794 - d. 1862) Uni/Con
17 Sep 1832 - 20 Oct 1832 Albert Joseph
Goblet (2nd time)
(s.a.)
Uni/Lib
(acting)
20 Oct 1832 - 4 Aug 1834 Charles
Latour Rogier (1st time)
(s.a.)
Uni/Lib
4 Aug 1834 - 18 Apr 1840 Barthélemy
Théodore, chevalier
(b. 1794 - d. 1874) Uni/Con
de Theux de Meylandt (1st time)
(from 18 Mar 1840, Barthélemy Théodore,
comte de
Theux de Meylandt)
18 Apr 1840 - 13 Apr 1841 Jean Louis Joseph
Lebeau (2nd time) (s.a.)
Uni/Lib
13 Apr 1841 - 30 Jul 1845 Jean Baptiste, baron
Nothomb
(b. 1805 - d. 1881) Uni/Con
30 Jul 1845 - 31 Mar 1846 Jean Sylvain
van de
Weyer
(s.a.)
Uni/Con
31 Mar 1846 - 12 Aug 1847 Barthélemy
Théodore, comte
(s.a.)
CP
de Theux de Meylandt (2nd time)
12 Aug 1847 - 31 Oct 1852 Charles Latour
Rogier (2nd time)
(s.a.)
PL
31 Oct 1852 - 30 Mar 1855 Henri Ghislain
Joseph Marie de (b. 1801 -
d. 1891) PL
Brouckère
30 Mar 1855 - 9 Nov 1857 Pierre
Jacques François de Decker (b. 1812 -
d. 1891) CP
10 Nov 1857 - 3 Jan 1868 Charles
Latour Rogier (3rd time)
(s.a.)
PL
3 Jan 1868 - 2 Jul 1870
Hubert Joseph Walthère Frère-Orban (b. 1812
- d. 1896) PL
(1st time)
3 Jul 1870 - 7 Dec 1871 Jules
Joseph, baron
d'Anethan (b.
1803 - d. 1888) CP
7 Dec 1871 - 21 Aug 1874 Barthélemy
Théodore, comte de Theux (s.a.)
CP
de
Meylandt (3rd time)
21 Aug 1874 - 18 Jun 1878 Jules Édouard
François Xavier Malou (b. 1810 - d.
1886) CP
(1st
time)
19 Jun 1878 - 16 Jun 1884 Hubert Joseph
Walthère Frère-Orban
(s.a.)
PL
(2nd time)
16 Jun 1884 - 26 Oct 1884 Jules Édouard
François Xavier Malou
(s.a.)
CP
(2nd
time)
26 Oct 1884 - 26 Mar 1894 Auguste Marie
François Beernaert (b.
1829 - d. 1912) CP
26 Mar 1894 - 25 Feb 1896 Jules Philippe
Marie de Burlet
(b. 1844 - d. 1897) CP
25 Feb 1896 - 24 Jan 1899 Paul Joseph de
Smet de Nayer (b.
1843 - d. 1913) CP
(1st time)
24 Jan 1899 - 5 Aug 1899 Jules
Henri Pierre François
(b. 1843 - d. 1917) CP
Vandenpeereboom
5 Aug 1899 - 2 May 1907 Paul
Joseph de Smet de Nayer
(s.a.)
CP
(from 26 May 1900, Paul, comte de Smet de
Nayer)
(2nd time)
2 May 1907 - 31 Dec 1907 Julius Hendrik
Maria Gislenus de (b. 1857 -
d. 1907) CP
Trooz
31 Dec 1907 - 9 Jan 1908 Vacant
9 Jan 1908 - 17 Jun 1911 Frans Victor Marie
Ghislain
(s.a.)
CP
Schollaert
17 Jun 1911 - 1 Jun 1918 Charles
Marie Pierre Albert,
(s.a.)
CP
baron de Broqueville
(in exile 17 Aug - 7 Oct 1914 in Antwerp;
from 13
Oct 1914 in Le Havre, France)
2 Sep 1914 - 4 Jul 1917
Maximilian Karl von Sandt
(b. 1861 - d. 1918) Non-party
(chief of civil administration)
1 Jun 1918 - 21 Nov 1918 Gérard
François Marie Cooreman
(b. 1852 - d. 1926) CP
(in Le Havre, France
exile)
4 Jul 1917 - 11 Nov 1918 Alexander
Schaible
(b. 1870 - d. 1933) Non-party
(verwaltungschef
Flandern [chief of civil
administration of Flemish Administrative
Region], in Brussels)
4 Jul 1917 - 11 Nov 1918 Karl Haniel
(b. 1877 - d. 1944)
Non-party
(verwaltungschef
Wallonie [chief of civil
administration of Walloon Administrative
Region], in Namur)
10 Nov 1918 - 16? Nov 1918 Hugo Freund
(b. 1890 - d. 1974)
(chairman
of Executive Committee of the Central
Soldiers'
Council, in rebellion)
Prime ministers
21 Nov 1918 - 20 Nov 1920 Léon Frédéric Gustave
Delacroix (b.
1867 - d. 1929) CP
20 Nov 1920 - 16 Dec 1921 Henri Victor
Marie Ghislain, (b.
1869 - d. 1951) CP
comte Carton de Wiart
16 Dec 1921 - 13 May 1925 Georges Emile
Pierre Léonard Theunis (b. 1873 - d.
1944) CP
(1st
time)
13 May 1925 - 17 Jun 1925 Aloïs
Jean-Marie Joseph van de
(b. 1871 - d. 1961) CP
Vyvere
17 Jun 1925 - 20 May 1926 Prosper Antoine
Marie Joseph,
(b. 1871 - d. 1935) CP
vicomte
Poullet
20 May 1926 - 5 Jun 1931 Henri
Jaspar
(b. 1870 - d. 1939) CP
5 Jun 1931 - 22 Oct 1932 Jules
Laurent Jean-Louis Renkin
(b. 1862 - d. 1934) CP
22 Oct 1932 - 20 Nov 1934 Charles Marie
Pierre Albert, comte
(s.a.)
CP
de
Broqueville
20 Nov 1934 - 25 Mar 1935 Georges Emile
Pierre Léonard Theunis
(s.a.)
CP
(2nd
time)
25 Mar 1935 - 24 Nov 1937 Paul Guillaume
van
Zeeland
(b. 1893 - d. 1973) CP
24 Nov 1937 - 15 May 1938 Paul Émile
Janson
(b. 1872 - d. 1944) PL
15 May 1938 - 20 Feb 1939 Paul-Henri
Charles Spaak (1st time) (b. 1899 - d. 1972)
POB-BWP
21 Feb 1939 - 12 Feb 1945 Hubert Marie
Eugène Pierlot
(s.a.)
PCS-KVV
(in exile 25 May 1940 - 8 Sep 1944
[first
in France, from 25 Oct 1940 in London])
Presidents of the Committee of
Secretaries-general (under occupation)
16 May 1940 - 2 Sep 1940 Alexandre
Louis Joseph Delmer
(b. 1879 - d. 1974) Non-party
(1st
time)
3 Sep 1940 - 31 Jan 1941 Antoine
Ernst, baron de Bunswyck (b. 1874 - d.
1943) Non-party
3 Feb 1941 - 31 Mar 1941 Alexandre
Louis Joseph Delmer
(s.a.)
Non-party
(2nd
time)
4 Apr 1941 - 5 Sep 1944 Oscar
Endé Plisnier
(b. 1885 - d. 1952)
Non-party
8 Dec 1944 - May
1945 Léon Degrelle (in Germany
exile) (b. 1906 - d. 1994)
Rex
(Reichsstatthalter
Wallonien, Chef-du-Peuple Wallon)
15 Dec 1944 - May 1945
Jef Van de Wiele (in Germany exile) (b. 1902 - d.
1979) DeVlag
(Reichsstatthalter
Flandern,
Landsleider
van het Vlaamsche Volk)
Prime ministers
12 Feb 1945 - 13 Mar 1946 Achille Honoré
van Acker (1st time) (b. 1898 - d. 1975)
BSP-PSB
13 Mar 1946 - 31 Mar 1946 Paul-Henri
Charles Spaak (2nd time)
(s.a.)
BSP-PSB
31 Mar 1946 - 3 Aug 1946 Achille
Honoré van Acker (2nd time)
(s.a.)
BSP-PSB
3 Aug 1946 - 20 Mar 1947 Jean
Joseph Camille
Huysmans
(b. 1871 - d. 1968) BSP-PSB
20 Mar 1947 - 11 Aug 1949 Paul-Henri
Charles Spaak (3rd time)
(s.a.)
BSP-PSB
11 Aug 1949 - 8 Jun 1950 Gaston
François Marie Eyskens
(b. 1905 - d. 1988) CVP-PSC
(1st
time)
8 Jun 1950 - 15 Aug 1950 Jean
Pierre Armand Ghislain Marie (b.
1900 - d. 1977) CVP-PSC
Duvieusart
16 Aug 1950 - 15 Jan 1952 Clovis Louis
Marie Emmanuel Joseph
(s.a.)
CVP-PSC
Pholien
15 Jan 1952 - 23 Apr 1954 Jean Marie
Joseph van
Houtte
(b. 1907 - d. 1991) CVP-PSC
23 Apr 1954 - 26 Jun 1958 Achille Honoré
van Acker (3rd time)
(s.a.)
BSP-PSB
26 Jun 1958 - 25 Apr 1961 Gaston François
Marie Eyskens
(s.a.)
CVP-PSC
(2nd
time)
25 Apr 1961 - 28 Jul 1965 Théodore Joseph
Albéric Marie (b.
1914 - d. 1973) CVP-PSC
Lefèvre
28 Jul 1965 - 19 Mar 1966 Pierre Charles
José Marie Harmel (b.
1911 - d. 2009) CVP-PSC
19 Mar 1966 - 17 Jun 1968 Paul Emile
François Henri Vanden (b. 1919 -
d. 2001) CVP-PSC
Boeynants (1st time)
17 Jun 1968 - 26 Jan 1973 Gaston
François Marie Eyskens
(s.a.)
CVP
(3rd
time)
26 Jan 1973 - 25 Apr 1974 Edmond Jules
Isidore Leburton
(b. 1915 - d. 1997) BSP-PSB
25 Apr 1974 - 20 Oct 1978 Léo Clemence
Tindemans
(b. 1922 - d. 2014) CVP
20 Oct 1978 - 3 Apr 1979 Paul Emile
François Henri Vanden
(s.a.)
CVP
Boeynants (2nd time)
3 Apr 1979 - 6 Apr 1981
Wilfried Achiel Emma Martens
(s.a.)
CVP
(1st
time)
6 Apr 1981 - 17 Dec 1981 Marc Maria
Frans
Eyskens
(b.
1933)
CVP
17 Dec 1981 - 7 Mar 1992 Wilfried
Achiel Emma Martens
(s.a.)
CVP
(2nd
time)
7 Mar 1992 - 12 Jul 1999 Jean-Luc
Joseph Marie
Dehaene
(s.a.)
CVP
12 Jul 1999 - 20 Mar 2008 Guy Maurice
Marie-Louise Verhofstadt (b.
1953)
VLD
20 Mar 2008 - 30 Dec 2008 Yves Camille
Désiré Leterme
(b. 1960)
CD&V
(1st time)
30 Dec 2008 - 25 Nov 2009 Herman Achille
Van
Rompuy
(b. 1947)
CD&V
25 Nov 2009 - 6 Dec 2011 Yves Camille Désiré
Leterme
(s.a.)
CD&V
(2nd
time)
6 Dec 2011 - 11 Oct 2014 Elio Di Rupo
(s.a.)
PS
11 Oct 2014 - 27 Oct 2019
Charles Yves Jean Ghislaine Michel (b. 1975)
MR
27 Oct 2019 - 1 Oct 2020 Sophie Wilmès
(f)
(b. 1975)
MR
1 Oct 2020
-
Alexander De
Croo
(b.
1975)
O.VLD
Head, Supreme Headquarters, Allied
Expeditionary Force (SHAEF) Mission (Belgium;
from 4 Apr 1945, Beligum and Luxembourg)
15 Sep 1944 - 15 Ju1 1945
George Watkin Eben
James
(b. 1899 - d. 1965) Mil
Erskine (U.K.)
¹Full
style: Duke/Duchess of Lothier, Brabant, Limbourg,
Gueldre and Luxembourg, Count/Countess of Flanders,
Hainaut, Namur and Chiny, Lord/Lady of Malines and
Tournai, Marquis/Marchioness of Anvers and of the Holy
Roman Empire.
2Full
style of the ruler:
(a) from 21 Jul
1831: Roi des Belges (French);
Koning der Belgen (Dutch: official
from 25 May 1898); König der
Belgier (German: from 11 Nov 1991)("King
of the Belgians"). Under the constitution of the Kingdom
of Belgium there was initially no official language, but
French was legally authoritative; French and Dutch
became official jointly from 25 May 1898, and text of
the Constitution is official in German from 11 Nov
1991.
A peculiarity of the Constitution of Belgium is the
provision that "[the King] does not ascend the throne
until he has taken the oath." Thus between a demise of
the crown by death or abdication and the taking office
of the next king the provisions for a vacancy or
incapacity take over: "The constitutional powers of the
King are exercised, in the name of the Belgian people,
by the Ministers meeting in Council." The entity acting
as head of state in these circumstances is thus the
council of ministers.
Party abbreviations: CD&V
= Christen-Democratisch en Vlaams
(Christian-Democratic and Flemish, christian-democratic,
Flemish, ex-CVP, est.2001);
MR = Mouvement Réformateur
(Reformist Movement, social liberal, union of PFF, FDF
[to 2011], PRL, and MCC, est.2002); O-VLD
= Open Vlaamse Liberalen en Democraten (Open Flemish
Liberals and Democrats,
'Open VLD', conservative liberal, Flemish,
former VLD, est.Feb 2007); PS
= Parti Socialiste (Socialist Party, social-democratic, Francophone,
ex-BSP, est.1978); Mil =
Military;
- Former
parties: BSP-PSB = Parti
Socialiste Belge/Belgische Socialistische
Partij (Belgian Socialist Party, 1945-1980,
divided into PS and SP); CDH =
Centre Démocrate Humaniste (Humanist Democratic
Center, Francophone, centrist,
Francophone, former PSC, 2002-17 Mar 2022, renamed
Les Engagés); Con
= Conservative (19th century conservative);
CP = Confessionnel
Catholique Parti/Confessionele Katholieke
Partij (Confessional Catholic Party, 1869-1921,
then as Union Catholique/Katholieke Unie [Catholic
Union], catholic, conservative, 1921-1936);
CVP = Christelijke Volkspartij
(Christian People's Party, Flemish,
christian-democratic, Flanders, 1968-2001, renamed
CD&V); CVP-PSC =
Christelijke Volkspartij/Parti Social-chrétien
(Christian People's Party-Social Christian Party,
1945-1972, divided into CVP and PSC); DeVlag
= Duitschen-Vlaamsche
Arbeidsgemeenschap/Deutsch-Vlämische Arbeitsgemeinschaft
(German-Flemish Workers Community, Flemish fascist,
pro-union with Germany, 1935-1945); Lib
= Liberal/Liberalen (19th century liberal); PL/LP
= Parti Libéral/Liberale
Partij (Liberal Party, liberal,
1846-1961, then PVV-PLP); PSC
= Parti Social Chrétien (Social Christian Party,
center-right, in Wallonia and Brussels, 1972-2002,
renamed CDH); PCS-KVV = Parti
Catholique Social/Katholieke Vlaamsche Volkspartij
(Social Catholic Party-Catholic Flemish People's Party,
catholic federated parties, 1937-1945); POB-BWP
= Parti Ouvrier Belge/Belgische Werklieden
Partij (Belgian Worker's Party, socialist,
1885-1945, renamed BSP-PSB); PVV-PLP =
Partij voor Vrijheid en Vooruitgang/Parti pour
la Liberté et la Prosperité (Party for
Freedom and Prosperity, liberal, divided 1971 in PVV [in
Flanders and Brussels] and PLP [in Wallonia and
Brussels], 1961-1992); Rex =
Parti Rexiste (Rexist Party, officially Rex,
Walloon fascist, corporatist, socialist,
1936-1945); SP =
Socialistische Partij (Socialist Party,
social-democratic, Flemish, 1980-2001, renamed Socialistische
Partij.Anders); NSDAP
= Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei
(National Socialist German Workers' Party, Nazi German
fascist, xenophobic, 1920-1945); Uni
= Union/Unie (Union, "Unionist,"
coalition of Lib and Con supporting
Belgian independence, 1828-1846); VLD
= Vlaamse Liberalen en Democraten (Flemish
Liberals and Democrats, conservative liberal, Flanders,
former PVV, 1992-Feb 2007, renamed O-VLD)
Independent State of Flanders
22 Dec
1917
The Council of Flanders (Raad van Vlaanderen),
believing that
the German occupiers would encourage secession,
proclaims
independence at Brussels (Independent State of
Flanders).
25 Jul
1918
Terminated by German occupation authorities.
President of the Council of Flanders
22 Dec 1917 - 25 Jul 1918 Willem de
Vreese
(b. 1869 - d. 1938) Non-party
President of the Commission of Plenipotentiaries
22 Dec 1917 - 25 Jul
1918 Pieter Lodewijk
Tack
(b. 1870 - d. 1943) Non-party
Eupen and Malmedy
-
-
10 Jan
1920 - 10 Jun 1925
|
Population: 60,924
(1919)
|
1 Oct 1795 - 1813
Annexed to France.
25 Dec 1813 - Mar 1815
Allied (Swedish and Prussian) occupation.
6 Mar
1815
Malmedy (Malmédy) part of Prussia
(from 1871, Germany)
(fully incorporated 1822).
1 Dec 1918 -
1 Jan 1920 Allied occupation (British in Malmédy
to 12 Aug 1919, and
French in Eupen to
28 May 1919, then Belgian occupation).
28 Jun
1919
Ceded to Belgium by Germany under Treaty of Versailles.
12 Aug 1919
Belgian troops occupy
the area.
1 Jan 1920
Formally ceded
to Belgium (East Cantons).
20 Sep
1920
Eupen, Malmédy and Sankt-Vith annexed.
10 Jun 1925
Fully incorporated
into Belgium (as cantons of Eupen, Malmédy,
and St. Vith within arrondissement
of Verviers in the
province of Liège).
29 Jul 1940 - Feb
1945 Eupen, Malmédy and
Sankt-Vith annexed to Germany, along
with former Neutral Moresnet (made part of
Prussia's Rhine
province [Rheinprovinz] as part
of Aachen Regierungsbezirk).
Commanders of Allied Forces
1918 - 28 May 1919
.... (France)(in Eupen)
1918 - 12 Aug
1919
Henry Hugh Gordon Hyslop (U.K.)
(b. 1873 - d. 1932)
(in Malmédy)
12 Aug 1919 -
1920
Augustin Édouard, baron
Michel (b. 1855 - d.
1951)
du Faing d'Aigremont (Belgium)
Belgian Royal High Commissioner for
Eupen-Malmédy and Governor of the Eastern Cantons
Jul 1919 - 10 Aug
1919 Henry Charles Marie Adolphe
Delvaux (b. 1863 - d. 1947)
de Fenffe (high commissioner-designate)
10 Jan 1920 - 10 Jun 1925 Herman
Baltia (appointed 13 Sep 1919)(b. 1863 - d. 1938)
(from 28 Aug 1920 Herman, baron Baltia)
Regierungspräsident in
Aachen
1940 -
1944
Franz
Vogelsang
(b. 1899 - d. 1979) NSDAP
Former Polities in Belgium
Bouillon
-
- to 25 Oct 1795, 1815
|
988
First mention of the castle of Bouillon.
1095
Lordship of Bouillon (Bullionensis dominium) part
of the Bishopric
of Liège
(sold or mortgaged to the Bishop of Liège by Godfrey de
Bouillon [b. c.1058 - d. 1100]).
1129 -
1141
Count Renaud of Bar captures Bouillon castle.
1155
Holy Roman Emperor confirms Bishop of Liège's rights to
Bouillon.
1291
First recorded style of the Bishop Liège as Duke of
Bouillon
(Dux Bullonens).
14th cent.
Bouillon Castle, as an exclave of the
prince-bishopric of Liège, is
governed
by specially appointed castellans.
1415
The office of castellan becomes a hereditary possession of
the van
der Marck
(de la Marck) family, a cadet branch of the future
dukes of Clèves and Jülich.
1456
Title Duke of Bouillon a permanent part of the
prince-bishop's
style (although merely titular during certain periods
noted).
31 Aug 1482 -
1521
Bouillon under the La Marck dynasty, contested by Bishops
of Liège
(Bullionensis Ducatus/Duché de Bouillon).
21 May
1484
Treaty of Tongeren whereby the La Marck family forfeits
its claims
to the
prince-bishopric and supports Liège's struggle against
Emperor
Maximilian for the reward of 30,000 livres. Bouillon
Castle is
mortgaged to William de la Marck until the time of
repayment.
3 Nov
1492
Peace of Étaples reiterates the provisions of the treaty
of
Tongeren.
As no repayment follows, the La Marck family retains
Bouillon
Castle and assumes the title of the Dukes of Bouillon.
1521
Restored to the Bishop of Liège by Holy Roman Emperor
Charles V.
3 Aug
1529
The Treaty of Cambrai obligates Francois I of France not
to help
Robert III
in his struggle to retake Bouillon.
1547
Robert IV de la Marck is made
Marshal of France. The letters patent
officially
style him "Duc de Bouillon".
1552 - 1559
French occupation, restored to the La
Marck dynasty.
3 Apr
1559
Restored again to the Bishopric of Liège by the
Treaty of Cateau-
Cambresis.
3 Apr 1559 - 1 May 1678 The La Marck
dynasty and its successor La Tour d'Auvergne
dynasty maintain its claims to the Duché de Bouillon
and
their style of duc/duchesse de Bouillon is
recognized by
France, possibly with technical regard to some fragments
of
the territory still in their possession.
8 May
1594
Charlotte de la Marck dies without issue, and her claims
to Bouillon
pass to
her husband, Henri de la Tour d'Auvergne.
1651
Frédéric Maurice de La Tour d'Auvergne exchanges his
sovereign
princely
titles for several ducal and comital titles in the
Peerage of France. The agreement obligates France to
restitute
Bouillon
to the La Tour d'Auvergne family on the first opportunity.
30 Sep 1676 - 1 May 1678 French occupation.
1 May
1678
The King of France establishes the La Tour d'Auvergne
dynasty
in full sovereignty over the Duchy of Bouillon (Duché
de Bouillon)
under
French protectorate (confirmed by Treaties of Nijmegen
1679).
25 Jun
1791
The Duke of Bouillon issues a declaration naming Philippe
d'Auvergne
as successor in Bouillon after the
extinction of the
La
Tour d'Auvergne.
26 May
1790
General Assembly abolishes manorial and feudal rights.
26 Apr
1792
Bouillon becomes a constitutional monarchy when the Duke
approves
the
23 Mar 1792 constitution issued by the General Assembly.
19 Nov 1792 - 25 Oct 1795 French occupation.
10 Dec
1793
Duke is deprived of the rents from his estates by French
decree.
24 Apr
1794
With the Duke imprisoned in France, administration is
taken over
by the General Assembly, which however did not explicitly
abolish the ducauté. This period
is often erroneously
called the République Bouillonnaise
or République de Bouillon
(Bouillonasise Republic/Republic of
Bouillon).
25 Oct 1795
Annexed to France
(divided between the départements
of Ardennes,
Sambre-et-Muse, and des Forêts).
27 Dec
1796
French Republic promulgates a law restoring all the
estates of
Bouillon to the former Duke.
26 Aug 1798 - 8 Mar 1800 French
Republic sequesters all the estates of Bouillon.
7 Feb
1802
Death of Duke and the extinction of the La Tour d'Auvergne
family.
31 Dec
1814
French administration, but not military, withdraw from
Bouillon.
1 Jan 1815 - 22 Jul 1815 Duchy of
Bouillon (restored)(provisional government under Philip
d'Auvergne in canton de Bouillon and claiming the villages
of
Sugny, Pussemange, and Bagimont).
Mar 1815
France sends a new commander of
the fortress, without any other
mission and without civil authority.
31 May
1815
Congress of Vienna by Article 4 says "the King of the
Netherlands
undertakes to restore the part of this duchy which is
included in
the
demarcation drawn to the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg by the
same article, to that of the claimants whose rights will
be
legitimately established."
9 Jun
1815
Congress of Vienna awards all of the Duchy of Bouillon to
The
Netherlands along with that part of the Duchy not ceded to
France
by
the Treaty of Paris of 1814.
26 Jun 1815 - 1 Dec 1815 Occupied by
France (French fort commander occupies the city, and
dismisses the authorities of the Duke).
22 Jul 1815 - 30 Oct 1830 Part of Luxembourg
(in personal union with The Netherlands).
1 Dec
1815
Bouillon castle is surrendered to the Dutch.
30 Oct 1830
Part of Belgium (part of province of Luxembourg).
Dukes¹
1 May 1678 - 26 Jul 1721 Godefroi
Maurice
(b. 1636 - d. 1721)
(claimant from 7 Nov 1652)
26 Jul 1721 - 17 Apr 1730 Emmanuel-Théodose
(E.-Théodosius) (b. 1668 - d. 1730)
17 Apr 1730 - 24 Oct 1771 Charles-Godefroi
(b. 1706 - d. 1771)
24 Oct 1771 - 3 Dec 1792 Godefroi
Charles
Henri
(b. 1728 - d. 1792)
3 Dec 1792 - 24 Apr 1794
Jacques-Léopold Charles Godefroy (b. 1746 - d.
1802)
(French prisoner from 7 Feb 1794)
24 Apr 1794 - 25 Oct 1795
Executive Committee
- Claude-Pierre Jobard
- Remacle Poncelet
(b. 1752 - d. 1813)
- François-Gérard
Pirson
(b. 1765 - d. 1850)
(chairman Oct - Dec 1794)
- Nicolas(?) Renault
(chairman Dec 1794 - c.Jan 1795)
- Pierre Castilhon
(b. 1767 - d. 1831)
- Perot (chairman Apr - Jun 1795)
- Jaqcues Reneaume de La Tache
(b. 1725 - d. 1796)
- Dominique Millard
- Jean-Joseph Nannan
(chairman from Jul 1795)
25 Oct 1795 - 1 Jan 1815 post
abolished
1 Jan 1815 - 22 Jul 1815
Philippe
(b. 1754 - d. 1816)
(= Philip d'Auvergne)
1 Jan 1815 - 26 Jun 1815
Antoine, baron de Vauthier
de (b. 1749 - d. 1839)
Baillamont -Governor-general (for
Philippe)
(appointed 18 Aug 1814)
26 Jun 1815 - 1 Dec 1815 Clément
Bonichon
(b. 1773 - d. 18..)
(commandant for Napoléon, then Louis XVIII)
Presidents of the Assembly
7 Mar
1790
Jacques Barthélémy (acting)
+ François Gérard Pirson
(s.a.)
Chairman of the Committee of Action
7 Mar 1790 - 19 Apr
1790 Richard Chauchet-Bourgeois
(b. 1767 - d. 1844)
Presidents of the Constituent Assembly
19 Apr 1790 - 4 Jun 1790
Richard Chauchet-Bourgeois
(s.a.)
4 Jun 1790 - 12 Mar
1791 Philippe Aubry
(b.
1740 - d. 1829)
1791
Gérard Gérard
1791 - 24 Jan
1792
....
24 Jan
1792
Nicholas Nannan (acting)
24 Jan 1792 - 27 Jan 1792
François-Gérard Pirson
(s.a.)
Presidents of the General Legislative
Assembly (from 1794,
National Convention)
27 Jan 1792 - 22 Nov 1793
François-Gérard Pirson
(s.a.)
22 Nov 1793 - 20 Feb 1794 Marie-Joseph
Maignaud
20 Feb 1794 - 1794
Claude-Pierre Jobard (1st time)
c.Jun 1794 - c.Sep 1794 Remacle
Poncelet
(s.a.)
c.Sep 1794 - c.Dec 1794
Claude-Pierre Jobard (2nd time)
c.Dec 1794 - c.Apr 1795
Pierre Castilhon
(s.a.)
c.Apr 1795 - c.Jul 1795 Dominique
Millard
1795 - 25 Oct
1795
G. Philippe
Chancellor
28 May 1781 - 24 Apr 1794 Jean-François
Félix Dorival
(b. 1755 - d. 1815)
de Fignamont (1st time)
24 Apr 1794 - 10 Jan 1795 post
abolished
10 Jan 1815 - 26 Jun 1815 Jean-François Félix
Dorival (s.a.)
de Fignamont (2nd time)
(for Duke Philippe)
¹Royal
Style:
(a) 1 May 1678 - 26 Jul 1721: duc de
Bouillon ("Duke of Bouillon");
(b) 26 Jul 1721 - 17 Apr 1730: vicomte
de Turenne, duc de Bouillon, duc d'Albret, comte
d'Évreux ("Viscount of Turenne, Duke of
Bouillon, Duke of Albret, Count of Evreux");
(c) 17 Apr 1730 - 24 Oct 1771: duc
de Bouillon, duc d'Albret ("Duke
of Bouillon, Duke of Albret");
(d) 24 Oct 1771 - 24 Apr 1794: duc de
Bouillon, comte d'Évreux ("Duke of
Bouillon, Count of Everux");
(e) 1 Jan 1815 - 22 Jul 1815: par la grâce de
Dieu prince souverain et duc régnant de Bouillon,
etc., etc., etc. ("by the Grace of God, Sovereign
Prince and Reigning Duke of Bouillon, etc., etc., etc.")
Liège
to 1789/92
|
1789/92 - 27 Jul 1794
|
343
Traditional date of founding of the Bishopric of Liège
(Leodiensium Episcopatus/Hochstift
Lüttich).
14 Apr
972
Bishop made a Prince of the Empire, an immediate
vassal of the Emperor (Principauté de Liège).
21 Sep
1366
Counties of Looz and Horn annexed (de facto from 5 Apr
1361).
18 Aug
1789
Liégeoise revolution (Révolution liégeoise) begins.
This
period is informally called the République Liégeoise
to 1791.
30 Nov 1789 - 16 Apr 1790 Occupied by Prussia
12 Jan 1791 - 28 Nov 1792 Occupied by Austria.
28 Nov 1792 - 4 Mar 1793 Occupied by France
(annexed 30 Mar 1793).
5 Mar 1793 - 27 Jul 1794 Re-occupied by
Austria.
8 May
1793
The French National Convention decrees the incorporation
of Liège into France (ineffective at the time).
27 Jul 1794 - 1 Oct 1795
Occupied by France, and treated as if incorporated,
together with the Belgian provinces, as arrondissement
Liège.
1 Oct 1795 - 15 Feb 1814 Annexation to France
(part of départements of Ourthe and
Meuse-Inférieure [see below]. Thereafter, Liège
undergoes
the same developments as the rest of Belgium).
15 Feb 1814 - 16 Mar 1815 Allied
administration (see Belgium).
16 Mar 1815 - 4 Oct 1830 Incorporation into
the Netherlands
(part of Luik/Liège province).
4 Oct
1830
Part of independent Belgium (part of Liège province).
Prince-Bishops (title Prince-évêque de
Liège, comte de Looz, marquis de
Franchimont, etc./
Fürstbischof zu Lüttich,
Graf zu Loos und Horne, Markgraf zu
Franchimont, usw.)
25 Oct 1694 - 12 Nov 1723 Joseph Clément, duc de
Bavière (b. 1671 - d. 1723)
12 Nov 1723 - 7 Dec 1724 François
Lambert, baron de Sélys
(Grand Dean of the Cathedral Chapter)
7 Dec 1724 - 5
Dec 1743 Georges II Louis de
Berghes (b.
1662 - d. 1743)
5 Dec 1743 - 10 Mar
1744 Jean-Louis Hyacinthe d'Oyenbrugge, (b.
1673 - d. 1753)
comte de Duras, baron d'Elderen
(Grand Dean of the Cathedral Chapter)
10 Mar 1744 - 27 Jan 1763 Jean XI
Théodore, duc de Bavière (b. 1703 - d. 1763)
27 Jan 1763 - 8 Apr 1763 Guillaume
Marie, baron de (b.
1709 - d. 1770)
Coudenhove de Fraiture
(Grand Dean of the Cathedral Chapter)
8 Apr 1763 - 22 Oct
1771 Charles Nicolas Alexandre, comte
d'Oultremont
(b. 1716 - d. 1771)
22 Oct 1771 - 14 Mar 1772 Charles Damien
Boos de Waldeck
(Grand Dean of the Cathedral Chapter)
14 Mar 1772 - 30 Apr 1784 François
Charles, comte de
(b. 1719 - d. 1784)
Vellbrueck
15 Aug 1784 - 13 Sep 1790 César
Constantin François, comte
de Hoensbroek (1st
time)
(b. 1724 - d. 1792)
13 Sep 1790 - 10 Jan 1791 Ferdinand
Maximilien Mériadec de
Rohan, prince de Guémenée,
archevêque de Cambrai -Regent
(b. 1738 - d. 1813)
11 Jan 1791 - 3 Jun 1792 César
Constantin François, comte
de Hoensbroek (2nd
time)
(s.a.)
3 Jun 1792 - 16 Aug
1792 Alexandre Constantin Joseph de
(b. 1738 - d. 1804)
Nassau, comte de Corroy
(Grand Dean of the Cathedral Chapter)
16 Aug 1792 - 28 Nov 1792 François
Antoine Marie Constantin,
comte de Méan et de Beaurieux (b. 1756
- d. 1817)
(1st time)
Chairmen of the Council of the City of
Liège
3 Dec 1792 - 8
Jan 1793 Jacques-Joseph
Fabry
(b. 1722 - d. 1798)
8 Jan 1793 - 16 Feb
1793 Jean-Baptiste Winant Digneffe
(b. 1761 - d. 1844)
President of the National Convention
16 Feb 1793 - 4 Mar 1793
Jacques-Joseph
Fabry
(s.a.)
Imperial administrator
5 Mar 1793 - 21 Apr
1793 Friedrich Josias Prinz von und zu
(b. 1737 - d. 1815)
Sachsen-Coburg-Saalfeld
Prince-Bishop
21 Apr 1793 - 20 Jul 1794 François
Antoine Marie Constantin, (s.a.)
comte de Méan et de Beaurieux
(2nd time)
President of the Emergency Committee
27 Jul 1794 - 21 Aug 1794 Benoît-Louis
Bouchet
(b. 1731 - d. 1802) Mil
President of the Commune of Liège
21 Aug 1794 - 12 Sep 1794 Jacques-Joseph
Fabry
(s.a.)
Presidents of Provisional Central
Administration
12 Sep 1794 - 22 Sep 1794 Thomas Joseph
Jehin
(b. 1732 - d. 1806)
22 Sep 1794 -
1794
Jean-Nicolas Bassenge
l'aîné (b. 1758 - d.
1811)
12 Oct 1794 -
1794 Nicolas
Vanderheyden à Hauzeur (b. 1741
- d. 1807)
Oct 1794 - 4 Dec
1794 Pierre-Joseph
Henkart
(b. 1761 - d. 1815)
Agent National of the Administration of Arrondissement
de Liège
Dec 1794 - 1 Oct
1795 Louis Ghislain de
Bouteville (b. 1746 - d. 1821)
Council of the City of Liège
27 Aug 1789 - 13 Sep
1790 Burgomaster-regents of
Liège
- Jacques-Joseph
Fabry
(s.a.)
- Jean-Remi, baron Chestret
(b. 1739 - d. 1809)
Fagnolle (Ligne)
869
Fagnolle is mentioned in the polyptych of Lobbes Abbey
under the
name of Eucharlia.
c.1142
Barony Ligne (Ligniacum Baronis),
a fief of the County of Hainaut.
18 Dec 1544
County of Ligne (Ligniacum Comitatus/Grafschaft
Ligne/
Comté de Ligne) raised by Emperor Charles
V.
1549
Made Imperial counts (Reichsgraf von Ligne)
by Emperor Charles V.
1571
Barony of Fagnolle (Fagnolensis
Baronis/Freiherrschaft von
Fagnolle/Baronie Fagnolle)(also spelled
(Faignuelles, Faigneul,
Fagneulle,
Fagnolle/Fagnolles, Fagnoeulle, and Fagnol).
20 Mar
1601
Barons of Fagnolle also created Princes of Ligne (Fürstentum
Ligne/Principauté de Ligne) and Princes (Reichsfürst)
of the Holy
Roman Empire by Emperor Rudolf II.
1634
Fagnolle acquired by Ligne.
20 Jul
1770
County of Fagnolle (Grafschaft Fagnolle/Comté
de Fagnolle),
raised to an imperial county by Emperor Joseph II.
8 Mar 1789
Renamed County of Ligne (Grafschaft Ligne/Comté
de Ligne).
21 Mar
1789
Admission of the prince to the Reichstag is
ordered by imperial
decree of Emperor Joseph II, but the necessary decision by
the
three
colleges of the Reichstag was delayed.
19 Nov 1792 - 12 May 1793 Occupied by France.
12 May 1793 - 15 Feb 1814 Annexed by France
(part of the département
Ardennes).
25 Feb
1803
The Count is granted the former Edelstetten
Abbbey in Swabia as a
county in compensation by the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss
(on
22 May 1804, Edelstetten is sold to Prince Esterházy de
Galántha).
15 Feb 1814 - 16 Mar 1815 Allied
administration (see Belgium).
16 Mar 1815 - 1830
Incorporation
into the Netherlands (part of
Namen/Namur province).
4 Oct
1830
Part of independent Belgium (part of Namur province).
Counts (title Fürst
von Ligne und Graf zu
Fagnolle/Prince de Ligne
et Comté de
Ligne)
21 Dec 1679 - 8 Feb 1702 Henri
Louis
Ernest
(b. 1644 - d. 1702)
8 Feb 1702 -
8 Aug 1750 Antoine Joseph
Ghislain
(b. 1682 - d. 1750)
8 Aug 1750 -
7 Apr 1766 Claude Lamoral
II
(b. 1685 - d. 1766)
7 Apr 1766 - 12 May
1793 Charles Joseph Lamoral
(b.
1735 - d. 1814)
Limburg
13 May
1106
Duchy of Limburg (Limburgensis Ducatus/Herzogtum von
Limburg/
Hertogdom Limburg).
1288
The Dukes of Brabant become Dukes of Limburg.
1 Dec
1406
The Dukes of Burgundy become Dukes of Limburg (Duché
de Limbourg).
27 Mar
1482
The Austrian Habsburg rulers become Dukes of Limburg
(Herzogtum von Limburg).
16 Jan
1556
The Spanish Habsburg rulers become Dukes of Limburg
(Ducado de Limburgo).
7 Sep 1632 - 1 Nov 1635 Dutch
occupation.
30 Jun 1673 - 17 Sep 1678 French occupation.
10 Dec
1703
The Austrian Habsburg rulers become Dukes of Limburg.
11 Jan 1790 - 2 Dec 1790 Part of the United
Belgian States (s.a.).
15 Dec 1792 - 28 Apr 1793 Annexed to France.
28 Apr 1793 - 1 Oct 1795 Austrian Habsburg
rule restored.
1 Oct 1795 - 15 Feb 1814 Annexed to France
(part of département Ourthe).
15 Feb
1814
Part of the "Belgian" Netherlands (province of
Luik/Liège).
4 Oct
1830
Part of Belgium (part of province of Liège).
Dukes (title Limburgensi Ducat/Herzog von
Limburg)
10 Dec 1703 - 11 Jan 1790 the
archdukes of Austria
2 Dec 1790 - 15 Dec 1792 the
archdukes of Austria
28 Apr 1793 - 1 Oct 1795 the
archdukes of Austria
Stadholders of Limburg and the Lands over the
Maas (Landen van Overmaas)
27 Mar 1665 - 1684
Johan Frans Desideratus, prins
(b. 1627 - d. 1699)
van Nassau-Siegen
28 Jan 1685 - 8 Feb 1702 Henri
Louis Lamoral Prince de Ligne (b. 1644 - d.
1702)
8 Oct 1702 - 1703
Franz
Sigismund von Thurn und Taxis (b. 1655 - d. 1710)
Graf von Valsassina
22 Oct 1703 - 1705
Philipp
Ludwig Wenzel Graf
(b. 1671 - d. 1742)
Sinzendorff und Thannhausen
(1st
time)
19 Oct 1705 -
1707
Johann Peter Graf von
Goëss
(b. 1667 - d. 1716)
6 Nov 1707 - Jul
1709 Francisco Bernardo de
Quiros (b.
1650 - d. 1709)
23 Jul 1709 - 25 Feb 1710 Johann Wenzel
Graf von Gallas
(b. 1670 - d. 1719)
25 Feb 1710 - 27 Oct 1713 Franz Adolf
Freiherr von Zinzerling (d. 1718)
(Sinszrling)(substitute)
27 Oct 1713 - 14 Dec 1713 Philipp Ludwig
Wenzel
Graf
(s.a.)
Sinzendorff und Thannhausen
(2nd time)
14 Dec 1713 -
1714
Georg Freiherr
Tunderfeld
(b. 1678 - d. 1748)
17 Mar 1714 -
1723 Franz
Thurn und Taxis, Graf von (b. 1662 - d.
1726)
Valsassina
1723 - 1725
Vacant
1725 - 10 May 1727
Alexander Otto Graf von Vehlen
(b. 1657 - d. 1727)
20 May 1728 - 17 Sep 1754 Wolfgang
Willem van Bournonville, (b. 1670 - d. 1754)
markgraaf Van Sars, baron Van
Capres, heer Van
Fleignies
Drossard (Chief Justice)
1754 -
1794
Philippe Joseph Dieudonné,
(b. 1711 - d. 1797)
graaf van Woestenraedt
Commissioner of
Arrondissement
de Maestricht
30 Oct 1794 -
1795 Charles
Clément Roemers
(b. 1748 - d. 1838)
Neutral Moresnet
1883/85 - 27 Jun 1915
|
Map
of Neutral Moresnet
|
Capital: Klemis
|
Unofficial
Anthem
“Amikejo-march”
Adopted 1908
|
Border
Treaty of Aachen
(26 Jun 1816; in French)
|
GDP: $N/A
Demilitarized by Treaty
|
Exports: $N/A
Imports: $N/A |
Currencies: French Franc
(FRF); 1831-1920 Belgian
Franc (BEF); 1871-1918
German Mark (DED); 1816-1831
Dutch Guilder (NLG) |
Population: 3,596 (1919);
256 (1816); 500 (1830);
2,572 (1858)
3,000 (1900)
|
International
Organizations/Treaties: None |
26 Jun
1816
Part of Moresnet, claimed by both The Netherlands and
Prussia, is "temporarily neutralized" and put under
a common administration.
23 Sep
1818
Border demarcation markers formally installed.
22 Sep
1830
Belgium replaces Netherlands as claimant and administrator
(recognized by the Netherlands 22 Jun 1839).
26 Jun
1831
Transfer of the Dutch law from the contract of 26 Jun 1816
to
Belgium.
8 Aug
1914
German occupation.
27 Jun
1915
Administration by Prussia only.
Nov
1918
Administration by Belgium only.
28 Jun
1919
Ceded to Belgium by Germany under Treaty of Versailles.
10 Jan
1920
Annexed to Belgium (as municipality of Kelmis/La Calamine,
within the province of Liège).
29 Jul 1940 - 10 Sep 1944 Annexed by Germany.
10 Sep
1944
Restored to Belgium.
Dec 1944 - Jan
1945 Brief
German re-occupation.
Netherlands Royal Commissioners
8 Dec 1817 -
2 Dec 1823 Werner Jacob
2 Dec 1823 -
1830
Joseph Brandès
1830 - 8 Jun
1835
Vacant
Belgian Royal Commissioners (from
1889, also district commissioners of Verviers)
8 Jun 1835 -
1840
Lambert
Ernst
(b. 1798 - d. 1871)
1 Feb 1840 -
1889
Mathieu
Crémer
(b. 1805 - d. 1889)
30 Nov 1889 - 27 Mar 1915 Fernand
Jacques Bleyfuesz (1st time)(b. 1858 - d. 1935)
27 Mar 1915 - 27 Jun 1915 Bayer
(acting)
(clerk of the German military administration in
Verviers)
27 Jun 1915 - Nov
1918 Vacant
Nov 1918 - 10 Jan
1920 Fernand Jacques Bleyfuesz
(2nd time)(s.a.)
Prussian Royal Commissioners (from
1854, also districts commissioners of Eupen)
6 Aug 1817 -
1819
Wilhelm Hardt
(b. 1755 -
d. 1831)
22 Apr 1819 - 26 Nov
1835 Johann Martin Daniel
Mayer
(b. 1769 - d. 1835)
9 Jul 1836 -
9 Nov 1853 Heinrich Martins
11 Aug 1852 - 7 Jan
1866 Peter Benedict Joseph
Armand (b.
1813 - d. 1866)
von Harenne
(head of police administration to 16 Jan 1854)
12 Dec 1866 - 10 Jul
1867 August Freiherr von der
Heydt (b. 1825 -
d. 1867)
1868 - 24 Oct 1870
Edwin
Gülcher
(b. 1822 - d. 1870)
18 Jun 1871 -
1893
Theodor Alfred Sternickel
(b. 1825 - d. 1894)
18 Apr 1893 - 1 Jan
1909 Alfred Jakob Bernhard Theodor
(b. 1849 - d. 1922)
Gülcher
13 Jan 1909 -
1913
Walter Karl Maria The Losen
(b. 1880 - d. 1919)
2 Nov 1913 - Nov
1918 Spiess (acting)
Nov 1918 - 10 Jan 1920 Vacant
Mayors
1817 - 21 Feb
1859
Arnold Timothée de Lasaulx (acting) (b. 1774 - d.
1861)
21 Feb 1859 - 30 May 1859 Adolf Hubert
van Scherpenzeel-Thim (b. 1824 - d. 1877)
1 Jul 1859 - 7 Feb 1882
Joseph Kohl
7 Feb 1882 - 20 Jun 1885 Oskar
Anton Bilharz
(b. 1831 - d. 1917)
20 Jun 1885 - 15 Mar 1915 Hubert
Schmetz
(b. 1862 - d. 1930)
29 Mar 1915 - 7 Dec 1918 Wilhelm
Kyll
(b. 1876 - d.
af.1956)
7 Dec 1918 - 10 Jan 1920 Pierre
Joseph Grignard
(b. 1851 - d. 1925)
(then mayor of Kelmis to 7 Feb 1923)
Nivelles
c.640
Benedictine Abbey of Nivelles (Nivialensis
monasterium/Stift
Nivelle [Nivelles]/Abbaye de Nivelles/Abdij van Nijvel)
dedicated to Saint Gertrude founded.
650/51 - c.877
The abbey a double monastery (for women and men).
c.817
Abbey becomes a secular chapter of canons and canonesses.
1295
Abbesses made Princesses of the Holy Roman Empire
(according to
tradition).
18 May
1462
Chapter of Nivelles decrees that for the future the Abbess
was obliged to confer vacant prebends to women of
nobility.
27 Nov
1549
Emperor Charles V confirms the privileges of the chapter.
13 Nov 1792 - 24 Mar 1793 Occupied by France.
6 Jul 1794 - 1 Oct 1795 Occupied
by France.
1 Oct 1795 - 29 Jan 1814 Annexed by France
(part of département Dyle).
15 Jan
1798
Abbey is formally suppressed by France.
29 Jan 1814 - 16 Mar 1815 Allied
administration (see Belgium, above).
16 Mar 1815 - 4 Oct 1830 Incorporation
into Netherlands
(part of Zuid-Brabant province).
4 Oct
1830
Part of independent Belgium (part of Brabant province).
Princess-Abbesses (title Dame
et Abbesse-Princesse de
Nivelles/
Frau und Fürstäbtissin von
Nivelle [Nivelles])¹
31 Mar 1668 - 9 Nov 1705
Madeleine-Thérèse de Noyelles
(b. 16.. - d. 1705)
22 Feb 1706 - 26 Nov
1724 Marie-Françoise Josephine de
Berghes (b. 1678 - d. 1724)
20 Dec 1725 - 4 Mar
1743 Caroline (Carol) de Berlaimont
(d. 1743)
(Berlaymont)
3 Aug 1744 - 28 Feb 1774
Ursule-Antoinette de Berlo de
(b. 1703 - d. 1774)
Francdouaire
19 Aug 1776 - 1 Oct 1795
Marie-Félicité-Philippine van der
(b. 1731 - d. 1799)
Noot (Vandernoot)
¹use of the titles: Princesse de
Nivelles/Fürstin von Nivelles ("Princess
of Nivelle") and Princesse du Saint-Empire Romain/Reichsfürstin
("Princess of the Holy Roman Empire") frequently added
by the Abbesses, were disputed including - in 1643 the
procureur général of Brabant, in
1743 by the corps des jurés of the Nivelles
city, and the Empress Maria Theresa and Duke
Charles of Lorraine.
Reckheim (Rekem)
1108
First lord of Reckheim (Radekeim) mentioned (Redquem
dominum/
Herrschaft Reckheim/Heerlijkheid Rekem),
Reckheim a free
lordship under the Emperor.
1134 - 20 Apr
1317
Under the Bronckhorst dynasty.
1317 -
1335
Gerard Van der Marck is lord of Reckheim/Rekem.
1335 -
1397
Under Arnold, then Hendrik, von Stein
1356
Barony of Reckheim (Redquem Baronis/Freiherrschaft
von
Reckheim/Baronie Rekem).
1397 -
1501
Under the Sombreffe dynasty.
1501 -
1545
Under Count Robert I and Robert II van der Marck en
Arenberg.
1545 -
1553
Emperor Charles V appoints Jan van Hennin as landlord.
1553
van Hennin sells Rekem to Willem van Vlodrop.
1564 -
1590
Under the Quadt von Wickrath dynasty (who in 1590
exchange the
barony with Herman von Lynden for estates in Germany).
6 Nov
1590
Under Lynden (from 1675, Aspremont-Lynden) dynasty,
with the title
Free Baron (Reichsfreiherr) granted by Emperor
Rudolf II
(Reichs-frei-herrschaft Reckheim/Vrij Baronie van
Reckheim).
1 Apr
1623
Reckheim raised to an immediate County of the Holy
Roman Empire
(Reichsgrafschaft Reckheim/Rijksgraafschap Rekem)
by Emperor
Ferdinand II.
16 Mar
1676
Confirmation of the title Count of Aspremont-Lynden (Graf
von
Aspremont-Lynden) for Ferdinand Gobert by
Emperor Leopold I.
1684
Title of Imperial Count of Aspremont-Lynden and
Reckheim (Reichsgraf
von Aspremont-Lynden und Reckheim) granted to
Ferdinand Gobert
by Emperor Leopold I.
Jan 1793 - 1 Oct 1795 French
occupation (Nov 1794 part of département
Meuse-Inférieure).
1 Oct 1795 - 20 Nov 1813 Annexed to France
(part of département Meuse-Inférieure).
9 Feb
1801
Formally ceded to France by the Treaty of Lunéville.
25 Feb
1803
Last, Count Johan Nepomuk Gobert I d'Aspremont-Lynden,
granted
the Abbey of Baindt as
compensation for Reckheim (Baindt is
annexed to Württemberg on 12 Jul 1806) by the
Reichsdeputationshauptschluss.
15 Feb 1814
Part of Netherlands
(from 25 Aug 1815, province of Limbourg/Limburg).
16 Sep
1819
The male line of the Counts of Reckheim/Rekem extinct.
4 Oct
1830
Part of Belgium (part of province of Limburg).
Counts of Reckheim (title Reichsgraf von
Reckheim/Rijksgraaf van Rekem)
31 Mar 1623 - 24 Aug 1636 Ernst (lord from 5 Jun
1603) (b.
1583 - d. 1636)
24 Aug 1636 - 24 Aug 1665 Ferdinand
I
(b. 1611 - d. 1665)
24 Aug 1665 -
1684
Ferdinand II
Gobert
(b. 1643 - d. 1708)
24 Aug 1665 - 1673
Regents
- Franz
Egon Fürst von Fürstenberg- (b. 1626 - d. 1682)
Heiligenberg Bischof von Strassburg
Fürstabt von Murbach und Lüders
- Isabelle-Henriette d'Aspremont-
(b. 1615 - d. 1686)
Lynden, princesse-abbesse de
Munsterbilsen (f)
Counts of Aspremont-Lynden and Reckheim (title Reichsgraf
von Aspremont-Lynden und Reckheim/
Rijksgraaf van Aspremont-Lynden en Rekem)
1684 - 1 Feb
1708
Ferdinand II
Gobert
(s.a.)
1 Feb 1708 - 3 May 1720 Joseph
Gobert
(b. 1694 - d. 1720)
3 Feb 1720 - 24 Nov 1749 Karl
Gobert
(b. 1703 - d. 1749)
24 Nov 1749 - 1 Oct 1795 Johann Nepomuk Gobert
I
(b. 1732 - d. 1805)
Stavelot-Malmédy/Stablo-Malmedy
648
Benedictine Abbey of Malmedy (Malmunderio
Abbas) established
and dedicated to St. Benedict.
651
Stavelot Abbey (Stabluensis
Abbas) established by Saint Remaclus;
ruled in union (Klöster Stablo und Malmedy).
747
Acquired territory from Carloman, Duke of the Franks.
Dec 881
Normans invade the
area, burning both abbeys and causing the
monks to flee.
885
Normans passed through the Meuse valley causing the
monks of
Stavelot to flee again, finding refuge in the county of
Logne
and Chèvremont.
1065 -
1071
Archbishop of Cologne names a separate abbot for
Malmedy.
Mar 1071
The Holy Roman Emperor to
recognizes the union of the two abbeys
and reiterate the superiority of Stavelot.
....
Abbots also Princes of the Empire (Fürstabtei
Stablo-Malmedy/
Principauté
abbatiale de Stavelot-Malmedy).
4 Oct
1689
Razing of both Stavelot and Malmedy by French forces.
1768
Anthisnes and Vien
villages, which belonged to the Principality of
Liège, joined the Principality
of Stavelot-Malmedy and the county
of Logne in exchange for Sclessin and part of Ougrée, in
the
suburbs of Liège.
2/4 Mar 1793 -
1793 Occupied
by France (annexed 2 Mar 1793).
16 Sep 1794 - 1 Oct 1795
Occupied by France.
1 Oct
1795
Annexed by France (Stavelot is
merged with Franchimont as part
of the département Ourthe [see
below]).
15 Feb 1814 - 6 Mar 1815
Allied administration (see Belgium, above).
6 Mar 1815 - 1 Dec
1918 Malmedy (Malmédy) part of Prussia
(from 1871, Germany)(part of
Jülich-Cleves-Berg province; from 1822, Rheinprovinz).
16 Mar 1815 - 4 Oct 1830
Stavelot part of the Netherlands (part
of Luik/Liège province).
4 Oct
1830
Stavelot part of Belgium (part of Liège province).
1 Dec 1918 - 30 Sep 1920
Mamedy under Allied (from 12 Aug 1919, Belgian)
occupation.
30 Sep
1920
Malmédy incorporated into Belgium (see Eupen and
Malmédy).
Prince-Abbots (title Fürstabt zu
Stablo-Malmedy/Prince-Abbé de Stavelot-Malmedy)
1682 - 10 Apr
1704
Wilhelm III Egon Graf von Fürstenberg/
(b. 1629 - d. 1704)
Guillaume Egon, comte de Furstenberg
(appointed 1682, confirmed 15 Jul 1683)
30 May 1704 - 27 Jul 1715 Franz II
Anton Herzog von
Lothringen/
(b. 1689 - d. 1715)
François Antoine, duc de Lorraine
(elected 1704, cofirmed 22 Dec 1704)
1704 - 1708
Jacob Godding/
Jacques Godding -Administrator
(acting for the Duke of Lorraine)
(confirmed 22 Dec 1704)
15 Oct 1715 - 26 Jul 1731 Johann IV
Ernst Graf von Löwenstein/
Jean-Ernest, comte de
Loewenstein
(b. 1667 - d. 1731)
(elected 1715, confirmed 16 Dec 1715,
sworn in 26 Apr 1716)
16 Aug 1731 - 3 May 1737 Nikolaus
II
Massin/
(b. 1677 - d. 1737)
Nicolas de Massin
(elected 16 Aug 1731, confirmed 29 Dec 1731)
3 Aug 1737 - 14 Jun 1741 Deodat
Drion/
Dieudonné de
Drion
(b. 1684 - d. 1741)
(elected 3 Aug 1737, confirmed 3 Oct 1737)
14 Sep 1741 - 16 Sep 1753 Joseph de
Nollet-Bourdon/
(b. 1672 - d. 1753)
Joseph de Nollet a Bourdon
(elected 14 Sep 1741, confirmed 27 Nov 1741,
invested 13 Mar 1747)
14 Dec 1753 - 2 Oct 1766
Alexander
Delmotte/
(b. 1696 - d. 1766)
Alexandre Delmotte
(elected 14 Dec 1753, confirmed 1 Apr 1754)
27 Nov 1766 - 22 Dec 1786 Jacob
Hubin/
(b. 1705 - d. 1786)
Jacques de Hubin
4 Jan 1787 - 21 Jul 1794 Célestin
Thys
(b. 1730 - d. 1796)
(elected 4 Jan 1787, confirmed 23 Apr 1787,
invested 17 Dec 1787, in Hanau exile to 1 Oct 1796)
Administrator
Jul 1794 - 26 Sep 1794 the
magistrate of Malmédy
Ostend under Dutch rule
13 Jun 1584
Ostend occupied by Dutch forces.
20 Sep 1604
City surrendered to Spanish
Netherlands.
Governors
13 Jun 1584 - 1585
Guillaume de Blois, dict Treslong
(b. 1529 - d. 1594)
(Willem
Bloys van Treslong)
Mar 1585 - 1586
Guillaume de Hertaing, sieur de Marquette
(b. c.1550 - d. 1586)
(Willem
de Hertaing De Marquette)
1586 - Jan 1587
Sir Thomas Knollys (Knolles)
(b. c.1555 - d.
c.1596)
12 Jan 1587 - 11 Aug 1590 John Conway
(b. 1535 - d.
1603)
7 Sep 1590 - Sep 1599 Sir Edward
Norris (Norreys)
(b. c.1565 - d. 1603)
1599 - 1600
Jean Piron
1600 - 1601
Maximiliaan van Cruyningen
(b. 1556 - d.
1612)
1601
Charles
van der Noot, heer van
(b. c.1565 - d. 1614)
Hoogwoud
en Aartswoud (1st time)
9 Jul 1601 - 7 Mar 1602
Sir Francis Vere
(b. 1560 - d. 1609)
(led
defense of the city)
7 Mar 1602 - 13 Jul 1603 Frederik van Dorp
(b. 1547 - d. 1612)
Jul 1603 - Dec 1603 Charles
van der Noot, heer van
(s.a.)
Hoogwoud
en Aartswoud (2nd time)
Dec 1603 - 21 Mar 1604 Pierre
(Jean?) de Ghistelles
21 Mar 1604 - 25 Mar 1604 Johan van Loon
(b. 15.. - d. 1604)
25 Mar 1604 - 6 Jun 1604 Jacques van der
Meer, baron de
(b. 15.. - d. 1604)
Berendrecht
6 Jun 1604 - 17 Jun 1604 Antonie van
Uytenhoove
Jun 1604 - 20 Sep 1604 Daniël de Hertaing,
sieur de Marquette (b. 15.. - d. 1625)
French Départements
in Belgium 1793 - 1814
Deux-Nèthes
1 Oct
1795
French département des
Deux-Nèthes (Dutch: departement Twee Neten)
formed
from southern Brabant and Lordship of Malines
(Mechelen).
16 Mar
1810
Brabant department of the Kingdom
Holland west of the Donge
annexed by France to Deux-Nèthes as
district Breda.
1814
End of
French rule; incorporated into Belgium (under
Netherlands rule).
Feb 1814 - Sep 1815
Allied administration (then divided between Antwerp
province
and North Brabant
province).
Commissioners
1796 - 31 May
1798 Charles
Louis Bruslé de
Valsuzenay (b. 1766 - d. 1825)
1798 - 6 May 1798
De Villers
(acting for Bruslé)
31 May 1798 - 9 Jul 1799 Alexandre François
Narcisse Levêque (b. 1756 - d. 1844)
6 Apr 1799 - 3 Jul 1799 Saunier
(acting for Levêque)
13 Jul 1799 -
1800
Dominique Ogez
(b.
1767 - d. 1839)
Prefects
1800 - 25 Jul
1805
Charles Joseph
Fortuné,
(b. 1756 - d. 1829)
marquis d'Herbouville
29 Jul 1805 - 29 Mar 1809 Charles Cochon
de
Lapparent
(b. 1750 - d. 1825)
(from 10 Sep 1808, Charles Cochon,
chevalier de Lapparent)
1809 - 1813
Marc-René-Marie de Voyer de Paulmy (b.
1771 - d. 1842)
d'Argenson
12 Mar 1813 -
1814
Jacques Fortunat, baron Savoye-Rollin(b. 1751 - d. 1823)
Intendant
14 Feb 1814 - Sep 1815
François Louis Joseph, chevalier de (b.
1750 - d. 1816)
Wargny (provisional)
Dyle
1 Oct
1795
French département de la Dyle
(Dutch: departement Dijle) formed
from
parts of the Brabant, Counties of Hainaut,
Namur, and
Flanders
and the Bishopric of Liège.
1814
End of French
rule; incorporated into Belgium (under
Netherlands rule).
Feb 1814 - Sep 1815
Allied administration (then part of South
Brabant province).
Commissioners
1795 - 14 Sep 1797
Charles
Lambrechts
(b. 1753 - d. 1823)
14 Sep 1797 - 14 Feb 1799 François René
Auguste Mallarmé (b.
1755 - d. 1835)
14 Feb 1799 - 1800
Nicolas Jean Rouppe
(b. 1769
- d. 1838)
Prefects
2 Mar 1800 - 1 Feb 1805 Louis
Gustave Doulcet de
(b. 1764 - d. 1853)
Pontécoulant
1 Dec 1805 -
1808 François
Louis René Mouchard de (b. 1757 -
d. 1814)
Chaban
12 May 1808 -
1813
Frédéric Séraphin de La Tour
du (b. 1759 - d. 1837)
Pin-Gouvernet
(from 14 Feb 1810, Frédéric Séraphin,
baron La Tour du Pin-Gouvernet)
12 Mar 1813 - 1814
Frédéric Christophe,
baron
(b. 1778 - d. 1859)
d'Houdetot
Intendant
14 Feb 1814 - 1815
Jacques Joseph Dominique
d'Anethan (b. 1769 - d. 1841)
(provisional)
Escaut
2 Mar
1793
County of Flanders is annexed by France, but
non-integrated.
19 Mar
1793
French lose Flanders.
1 Oct
1795
French département de l'Escaut
(Dutch: departement Schelde)
formed from parts of County of Flanders
and the Dutch Flanders
of the
States.
1814
End of French rule;
incorporated into Belgium (under
Netherlands rule).
Feb 1814 - Sep 1815
Allied administration (then part of East
Flanders province).
Commissioners
18 Nov 1795 - 5 Aug 1799 Reinier Grégoire
Dubosch
(b. 1765 - d. 1842)
5 Aug 1799 - 24 Mar 1800 Bernard
François Joseph van Wambeke (b. 1764 - d. 1841)
Prefects
24 Mar 1800 -
1808
Guillaume Marie
Faipoult
(b. 1752 - d. 1817)
18 Sep 1808 -
1813
Frédéric Christophe
d'Houdetot (b. 1778 - d.
1859)
(from 18 Jun 1809, Frédéric
Christophe, baron d'Houtetot)
12 Mar 1813 - 25 Mar 1813 Jean-François
Marie, baron Delaître (b. 1766 - d. 1835)
(not installed)
25 Mar 1813 - Feb 1814 Antoine
François Erhard
Marie (b. 1757 - d.
1830)
Catherine, baron Desmousseaux de
Givré
Intendants
14 Feb 1814 - Mar 1814
Charles Liévin
Beaucarne
(b. 1756 - d. 1815)
(provisional)
Mar 1814 - Sep
1815
Jean-Baptiste d'Hane de Steenhuyse (b. 1757 - d.
1826)
(provisional)
Forêts: see Luxembourg
Jemmapes
2 Mar
1793
Creation of French département
of Jemappe formed from County
of Hainaut.
23 Mar
1793
Annexation of Bailiwick of Tournai (Doornik).
2 Apr 1793 - 1794
Austrians
occupy the area of Jemappe.
26 Jun
1794
France recaptures Hainaut and Tournai; département
of
Jemmape restored.
3 Aug
1794
French government proclaims that territories newly
re-occupied
are considered as "pays conquis"
(conquered land), and
restoration of département of
Jemmappe is suspended;
arrondissement
of Hainaut.
30 Aug
1795
Restoration of département de
Jemmappe.
1 Oct
1795
Renamed département de Jemmapes.
1814
End of French
rule.
Feb 1814 - Sep 1815
Allied administration (then part of Hainaut
province).
Commissioners
19 Jan 1793 - 25 Mar 1793 Mouchet
+ Légier
+ Raphaël Leroy
2 Jul 1794 - 1 Dec 1794 Jasmin Lamotze
1 Dec 1794 - 1795
Prudhomme
23 Nov 1795 - 1795
Charles Duvivier
Nov 1795 -
1796
Bazin
Jan 1796 - May?
1796 Volkerick
May 1796 - Jun
1796 Casimir
Varon
(b. 1761 - d. 1796)
1796
Dubois
1796
Aubert
1796
Houzé
1796 - 1797
Claude François Gonnet de Fiéville
(b. 1752 - d. 1815)
20 Apr 1797 - 1797
Dewamin
24 Sep 1797 - 1797 P.A.
Defacqz
1797 - 1798
Pierre François Joseph
Delneufcourt (b. 1756 - d. 1827)
1798
Charles Stanislas Troye
(b. 1770 - d. 1844)
Jun 1798 - 3 Jul 1799
Jean-Baptiste Martial Pradier
(b. 1776 - d. 1805?)
3 Jul 1799 - Apr 1800 Jean
Ambroise De Puydt
(b. 1758 - d. 1836)
Prefects
Apr 1800 - 1805
Jean-Baptiste Étienne
Garnier (b.
1756 - d. 1817)
1 Feb 1805 -
1810 Patrice
Charles Ghislain de Coninck (b. 1770 - d.
1827)
d'Outrive
7 Aug 1810 - 8 Feb 1812
Jean-Baptiste Maximilien,
baron (b. 1773 - d. 1847)
Villot de Fréville
9 Mar 1812 -
1814
Pierre Clément de
Laussat
(b. 1756 - d. 1835)
Intendants
14 Feb 1814 - 10 Mar 1814 Bonaventure Hyacinthe
Joseph, (b. 1755 -
d. 1831)
chevalier de Bousies (provisional)
10 Mar 1814 - 1815
Emmanuel Auguste Marie Joseph de
la Motte
Baraffe de Lesdain (b. 1782 -
d. 1852)
(provisional)
Lys (Leie)
1 Oct
1795
French département de la Lys (Dutch: departement
Leie) formed
from
western Austrian (Belgian) Flanders
1814
End of French rule.
Feb 1814 - Sep 1815
Allied administration (then part of West Flanders
province).
Commissioners
1795 -
1797
Jacques
Devaux
(b. 1766 - d. 1807)
1797 -
1798
Jean-François
Baret
(b. 1756 - d. 1800)
1798 - Apr
1799
Pierre Antoine, comte Herwyn
de (b. 1753 - d. 1824)
Névèle
1799 -
1800
Fournier
Prefects
25 May 1800 - 12 Mar 1804 François Marie
Joseph Justin de (b. 1736
- d. 1813)
Viry
12 Mar 1804 - 7 Apr 1804
Eugène Joseph Marie Goubau (interim) (b. 1761 - d.
1839)
7 Apr 1804 - 3 Nov 1810
Bernard François, marquis de
(b. 1766 - d.
1832)
Chauvelin
30 Nov 1810 - 14 Aug 1811 Pierre Amédée
Vincent Joseph Marie (b. 1767 - d. 1811)
Arborio-Biamino
25 Aug 1811 -
1814
Jean-François Soult
(b. 1772 - d. 1823)
Intendants
14 Feb 1814 - Apr 1814
Bernard Van Severen (provisional)
(b. 1761 - d. 1837)
11 Apr 1814 - Oct 1815 Constantin de
Preud'homme d'Hailly
de
Nieuport (provisional)
(b. 1748 - d.
1835)
Meuse-Inférieure
Nov
1794
French département de la
Meuse-Inférieure (Dutch: departement
Beneden-Maas) formed from southern
Bishopric of Liege,
Limburg, and parts of Netherlands.
1 Oct
1795
Annexed to France.
Feb
1814
End of French rule
(then part of Limburg province and
Prussian
Jülich-Kleve-Berg
province).
Commissioners
30 Oct 1794 - 1795
Charles Clément
Roemers
(b. 1748 - d. 1838)
(of Arrondissement
de Maestricht)
1795
André Charles Membrède
(b. 1758 - d. 1831)
1 Oct 1795 - 13 Aug
1796 Jean-Louis Rogier
23 Aug 1796 - Jun 1799
Nicholas Girard
13 Jun 1799 - 23 Apr 1800 François
Alexandre Cavenne (b.
1773 - d. 1856)
Prefects
2 Mar 1800 - 1800
Chateaugiron (did not take
office)
Apr 1800 - 1801
Jean-Henri Becays Ferrand,
dit (b. 1736 - d. 1805)
Ferrand de Lacaussade
2 Nov 1801 - 1805
Pierre Loisel
(Loysel)
(b. 1751 - d. 1813)
31 Jan 1806 - Feb
1814 Jean-Baptiste Roggieri
(b. 1761 - d.
1827)
Intendant
14 Feb 1814
Joseph Brandès
(provisional)
(did not
take office)
Ourthe
1 Oct
1795
French département de l'Ourthe (Dutch: departement
Ourte) formed
from
Principality of Stavelot, parts of Bishopric
of Liège
and Duchy of Luxembourg, and some villages of
County of Namur
and
Duchy of Brabant.
1814
End of French rule (then
mainly part of Liège province).
Commissioners
Sep 1794 -
1795
Provisional administration
1795 - Nov
1795
Louis Ghislain de Bouteville-Dumetz (b. 1746 - d.
1821)
18 Nov 1795 - 16 Dec 1795 Jean-Baptiste
Winant Digneffe (b. 1761 - d.
1844)
16 Dec 1795 - May 1798
Jean Nicolas
Bassenge
(b. 1758 - d. 1811)
25 May 1798 - Aug 1799
Lambert Bassenge
(b. 1757 - d.
1821)
20 Aug 1799 - 30 Mar 1800
Hauzeur-Simonon
Prefects
30 Mar 1800 - 4 Apr 1806 Antoine
François
Catherine
(b. 1757 - d. 1830)
Desmousseaux de Givré
7 Apr 1806 - 1814
Charles Emmanuel, baron
Micoud (b. 1753 - d.
1817)
d'Umons
Sambre-et-Meuse
1 Oct
1795
French département de
Sambre-et-Meuse formed from
County of Namur and parts of Luxembourg.
1814
End of
French rule.
Feb 1814 - Sep 1815
Allied administration (then part of Namur
province).
Commissioners
Dec 1795 - Feb
1799 Chanteau
11 Feb 1799 - 16 Feb 1799 Maurice Neukomm
16 Feb 1799 - 1800?
Pierre Gabriel Pascal
Mallarmé (b. 1746 -
d. 1830)
Prefects
2 Mar 1800 - Jan 1814
Emmanuel Pérès de Lagesse
(b. 1752 - d. 1833)
(from 14 Feb 1810, Emmanuel, baron
Pérès de Lagesse)
2 Jan 1814 - 1814
Alban de Villeneuve-Bargemont
(b. 1784 - d. 1850)
Intendant
14 Feb 1814 - 1815
Gabriel Amour Joseph de Bruges de
(b. 1766 - d. 1844)
Branchon (provisional)
© Ben Cahoon
|