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Angola Traditional states

States: Kalembe - Kanhama - Kasanzi - Kongo (Congo) - Matamba - Ndongo - Ngoya - Ovimbundu states: Cingolo - Ciyaka - Gumba - Kalukembe - Mbailundu - Ndulu - Ngalangi - Sambu - Viye - Wambu

Kongo
[former Kongo Kingdom
                  flag]
Note: Although the Kongo kingdom encompassed a large area in present-day Congo (Kinshasa), it is recorded here because its capital city, Mbanza Kongo (São Salvador), has always been in present-day Angola. The record for the 18th and early 19th century is very obscure and there are conflicting lists of rulers and dates up to Pedro V.

c.1390                     Kongo dya Ntotila, the Kongo Kingdom, founded.
 
3 May 1491                King Nzinga a Nkuwu converts to Roman Catholicism.
1576 - 1641                Portuguese vassal.
1641 - 1648                Dutch ally.
1649 - 1861                Portuguese vassal.
Dec 1665 - Feb 1709        Disrupted during civil war.
1861 - 1914                Portuguese protectorate (reconfirmed 1888).
1914                       Kingship abolished by Portuguese colonial rulers,
                             hereditary rule continues to 1975.

Kings (styled Ntotila a Ntinu ne Kongo)
c.1390 - c.1420            Lukeni lua Nimi (Ntinu Nimi a Lukeni)
c.1420 - c.1435            Nanga
c.1435 - c.1450            Nlaza
c.1450 - c.1470            Nkuwu a Ntinu
c.1470 - 1509              Nzinga a Nkuwu                      (b. c.1440 - d. 1509)
                             (from 3 May 1491,
João I)
1509 - 1542/43             Afonso I Mvemba a Nzinga            (b. 1456 - d. 1542/43)
1543 - 1545                Pedro I Nkanga a Mvemba             (b. 1478 - d. 1566)
1545                       Francisco I                         (b. 1500 - d. 1545)
1545 -  4 Nov 1561         Diogo I Nkumbi a Mpudi              (b. 1503 - d. 1561)
 
4 Nov 1561 -  1 Dec 1561  Afonso II Mpemba a Nzinga           (b. 1531 - d. 1561)
 
1 Dec 1561 - 10 Apr 1567  Bernardo I                          (b. 1534 - d. 1567)
10 Apr 1567 -  1 Feb 1568  Henrique I Nerika a Mpudi           (b. 1505 - d. 1568)
 
1 Feb 1568 -  6 Mar 1587  Álvaro I Nimi a Lukeni lua Mvemba   (b. 1537 - d. 1587)
 
6 Mar 1587 -  9 Aug 1614  Álvaro II Nimi a Nkanga             (b. 1565 - d. 1614)
 
9 Aug 1614 - 20 Aug 1615  Bernardo II Nimi a Mpanzu           (b. 1570 - d. 1615)
20 Aug 1615 -  4 May 1622  Álvaro III Nimi a Mpanzu            (b. 1595 - d. 1622)
26 May 1622 -  3 Apr 1624  Pedro II  Nkanga a Mvika            (b. 1575 - d. 1624)
27 Apr 1624 -  7 Mar 1626  Garcia I Afonso Mvemba a Nkanga     (b. 1600 - d. 1626)
Mar 1626 -  7 Mar 1631     Ambrósio I Nimi a Nkanga            (b. c.1600 - d. 1631)
 
8 Mar 1631 - 24 Feb 1636  Álvaro IV Nzinga a Nkuwu            (b. 1610 - d. 1636)
27 Feb 1636 - 14 Aug 1636  Álvaro V  Mpanzu a Nimi             (b. 1613 - d. 1636)
27 Aug 1636 - 22 Jan 1641  Álvaro VI Afonso Nimi a Lukeni a    (b. 1581 - d. 1641)
                             Nzenze a Ntumba

22 Jan 1641 - 23 Jan 1660  Garcia II Afonso Nkanga a Lukeni a  (b. 1615 - d. 1660)
                             Nzenze a Ntumba
23 Jan 1660 - 29 Oct 1665  António I Nvita a Nkanga            (b. 1617 - d. 1665)
Nov 1665 – Dec 1665        Afonso II (1st time)                (b. 1632 - d. 1669)
Dec 1665 – Jun 1666        Álvaro VII Tusi Mumaza              (b. 1631 - d. 1666)
Jun 1666 - Jan 1669        Álvaro VIII Mvemba a Mpanzu         (b. 1630 - d. 1669)
Jan 1669 – Jun 1669        Pedro III Nsimba Ntamba (1st time)  (b. 1648 - d. 1680)
Jun 1669 - end 1670        Álvaro IX Mpanzu a Ntivila          (b. 1650 - d. 1670)
end 1670 - mid 1673        Rafael I Nzinga a Nkanga            (d. 1673)
mid 1673 - mid 1674        Afonso III Mvemba a Nimi            (d. 1674)
mid 1674 - mid 1678        Daniel I Miyala Mpangu              (d. 1678)
mid 1678 - 1691            Interregnum
1691 - 23 Sep 1692         Manuel Afonso Nzinga a Nlenke       (d. 1692)
1692 - 1704                Pedro IV Nusamu a Mvemba (claimant) (b. c.1666 - d. 1718)
1704 - 15 Feb 1709         Pedro Constantino da Silva          (d. 1709)
                             (claimant)
- in dissidence
at Kibangu -
1666 - 1669/70             Sebastião I                         (b. 1634 – d. 1669/70)
1669/70 - 1685/89          Garcia III Nkanga a Mvemba          (d.
1685/89)
1685/89 - 1686/90          André I Mvizi a Nkanga              (d. 1686/90)
1686/90 - 1687/91          Manuel Afonso Nzinga a Nlenke       (s.a.)
1687/91 - Dec 1695         Alvaro X Nimi a Mvemba Agua Rosada  (d. 1695)
 1 Dec 1695 - 15 Feb 1709  Pedro IV Nusamu a Mvemba            (s.a.)
- in dissidence at Nkondo -
Dec 1665 - 1669            Afonso II (2nd time)                (s.a.)
1669 - mid 1673            Afonso III Mvemba a Nimi
1673 - 1709                Ana Afonso de Leão (f)              (b. 1625 - d. 1710?)
- in dissidence
at Lemba-Mbula -
Jun 1669 - 1680/83         Pedro III Nsimba Ntamba (2nd time)  (s.a.)
1680/83 -  4 Oct 1709      João II Nzuzi a Ntamba              (d. 1716)
                             (continues in dissidence to 1716)
- in dissidence at Mbamba-Lovata -
1678 - 1715                Manuel II Mpanzu a Nimi             (d. 1743)
- kingdom re-unified at Sã
o Salvador -
Feb 1709 - 21 Feb 1718     Pedro IV Nusamu a Mvemba            (s.a.)
Feb 1718 - 21 Apr 1743     Manuel II Mpanzu a Nimi             (s.a.)
27 Jul 1743 - 31 Mar 1752  Garcia IV Nkanga a Mvandu           (d. 1752)
27 Aug 1752 – af.1758      Nicolau I Misaki mia Nimi
17.. - 17..                Afonso IV Nkanga a Nkanga
17.. - 17..                António II Mvita a Mpanzu
17.. - 17..                Sebastião I Nkanga kia Nkanga
Sep 1763 - 1764            Pedro V Ntivila a Nkanga
May 1764 - 1779            Álvaro XI Nkanga a Nkanga           (d. 1779)
1779 - 1785                José I Mpasi a Nkanga               (d. 1785)
Apr 1785 - 1787            Afonso V (= Ndo Mfunsu V)           (d. 1787)
1787 - 17..                Álvaro XII
17.. - 1793                Alexio I Mpanzu a Mbandu
1793 - 1794                Joaquim I
1794 - 1803                Henrique II Masaki ma Mpanzu
1803 - Jan 1830            Garcia V Nkanga a Mvemba            (d. 1830)
Jan 1830 - 1842            André II Mvizi a Luken              (b. 1798 - d. 1842)
1842 - Jan 1857            Henrique IIII Mpanzu a Nsindi a
                             Nimi a Lukeni

Jan 1857 -  7 Aug 1859     Álvaro XIII (= Ndongo)
 7 Aug 1859 - 14 Feb 1891  Pedro V Elelo                       (d. 1891)
                             [actually Pedro VI, but ignored Pedro V 1763-64]
Feb 1891 - 18 Nov 1896     Álvaro XIV (= Mfutila)              (d. 1896)
1896 - 1901                Henrique IV (= Tekenge) -Regent     (b. 1873 - d. 1901)
1901 - 24 Jun 1910         Pedro VI (= Mbemba)                 (b. 1880 - d. 1910)
1910 - 1911                Manuel Nkomba                       (d. 1911)
1911 - 1914                Manuel III Afonso                   (b. 1872 - d. 1927)
                             (= Manuel Martins Kiditu)
1915 - 1923                Álvaro XV Afonso Nzinga
1923 - 17 Apr 1955         Pedro VIII Afonso                   (d. 1955)
16 Aug 1955 - 11 Jul 1957  António III Afonso                  (d. 1957)
11 Jul 1957 -  9 Sep 1962  Isabel Maria da Gama (f) -Regent 
                             (1st time)
 9 Sep 1962 - Oct 1962     Pedro VIII Afonso Mansala           (d. 1962)
Oct 1962 - 1975?           Isabel Maria da Gama (f) -Regent
                             (2nd time)
1975? -                    Interregnum             


Kasanzi

c.1616                     Luba state of Kasanzi (Kazanye) founded.
1911                       State extinguished by Portugal.

Rulers (title Yaka)
.... - 1848                Mbumba (1st time) 
1848 - 1853                .... 
1853 - ....                Mbumba (2nd time)
.... - 1911                Kandumba Kapenda kwa Mbangu


Kanhama

c.1550                     Traditional date for emergence of chiefdom
                            (see alternative list under Namibian traditional polities:
                             Uukwanyama).

Rulers
.... - 1804                Simbilinga
1804 - 1858                Haimbili "o Bom"                   (d. 1858)
1858 - 1859                Haikukutu                          (d. 1859)
1859 - 1862                Siefeni                            (d. 1862)
1862 - 1882                Osipandika                         (d. 1882)
1882 - 1884                Nampandi                           (d. 1884)
1884 - 1904                Uedjulu                            (d. 1904)
1904 -  5 Feb 1911         Nande                              (d. 1911)
1911 -  6 Feb 1917         Mandume                            (b. c.1894 - d. 1917)


Luunda [Ruund]: see under Congo (Kinshasa) traditional states


Matamba

Rulers (title Muhongo)
c.1590                     Kambolo Matamba
1631                       Mwongo Matamba (f)
1631 - 17 Dec 1663         Anna de Souza Nzinga (f)           (b. c.1583 - d. 1663)
                             (= Jinga of Ndongo)
1663 - 1666                Barbara (f)                        (d. 1666)
1666 - 1669                Njinga Mona (f) (1st time)         (d. 1680)
1669 - 1670                João                               (d. 1670)
1670 - 1680                Njinga Mona (f) (2nd time)         (s.a.)
1680 - Sep 1681            Francisco I                        (d. 1681)
1681 - 1721                Verónica I (f)                     (d. 1721)
1721 - 1741                Afonso I Álvares de Pontes
1741 - 1756                Ana II (f)                         (d. 1756)
1756 - 1758                Verónica II (f)
1758 - ....                Ana III (f)
.... - ....                Francisco II (= Kalwete ka Mbandi)
c.1810 - ....              .... [unknown grandson of Ana III]



Ndongo

c.1358                     Ndongo state founded at Mbazza Kabassa.
c.1358 - 1556              BaKongo tributary.
1626 - 1657                Portuguese vassal.
1683                       State extinguished.

Rulers (title Ngola)
1592 - 1617                Mbandi Ngola Kiluanji
1617 - 1624                Ngola Nzinga Mbandi                (d. 1624)
1624                       Kaza
1624 - 1626
                Jinga (= Anna de Souza Nzinga)(f)  (b. c.1583 - d. 1663)
                             (1st time)
1626                       Hari a Kiluanje
1626 - 1657                Ngola Hari (= Felipe I)
1657 - 17 Dec 1663         Anna de Souza Nzinga (f)           (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
1663 - 1671                Mukambu Mbandi (f)
1671 - 1683                Kamini



Ngoya
 
Rulers (title Mambouk)
.... - 1800                Mafouk Kokelo
1800 - 18..                .... (f)
18.. - 18..                Maitica
18.. - 18..                Moe Gimbi I (N'Pandi Sili)
18.. - 18..                Pucuta Poabo
18.. - c.1830              Mbatchi Nyongo (Bar' Chi-N'Congo)   (d. c.1830)
1830                       Moe Npongonga (Bar' Chi-Nbongo)     (d. 1830)
1830                       Moe Gimbi II
1830 - c.1852              Loemba "king Jack"
c.1852 - 1853              Npuna
-Regent
1853 - 1875                Francisco Franque                   (b. 1776 - d. 1875)
1875 - 1882                Bastian -Regent
1882 - 1941                Domingos Jos
é Franque               (b. 1855 - d. 1941) 

Ovimbundu states

Note: This is a large cluster of states, founded at various times from c.1600.

Cingolo

Rulers
1800?                      Ekundi 
1820?                      Ulundu 
1840?                      Kalukongolo 
1860?                      Kalueyo I
1870?                      Cimina 
1880?                      Kalueyo II
1890?                      Cimbalandongolo
1900?                      Nandi

Ciyaka

Rulers
1810?                      Atende II 
1820?                      Cikoko I 
18.. - 18..                Kuvombo-inene 
18.. - 18..                Ndumbu III 
1835?                      Handa II Kaciyombo 
1842 - 1850                Njimbi Ukulundu 
1850 - 1870                Canja I Cimbua Cahuku Luanjangombe III 
1870 - 1898                Handa Njundo 
1898 - 1904                Cilulu III 
1904 - 1911                Handa III 
1911 - 1915                Atende III 
1915 - 1918                Cikoko II
1918 - 1920                Vacant
1920 - 1925                Cilulu IV 
1925 - 1928                Handa IV Kalumbombo 
1929 - 1939                Sakulanda Luanjangombe IV
1939 - 1940                Cilulu V 
1940 - ....                Tomasi

Gumba

Rulers
1903?                      Ciweka
19.. - 1934                Mbati 
1935 - 1938                Simbwyikoka -Regent
1938 - 1940                Kakope 
1940 - 1954                Kafelo 
1954 - 1956                Kutenga Lusase 
1956 - 1964?               Cilombo

Kalembe

Rulers
1810?                      Njundu 
1835?                      Cinguangua II
1850?                      Cikomo 
1860?                      Ndumba 
1895?                      Nyime 
1900?                      Sakatilo

Kalukembe

Rulers
1835?                      Ndumbu Saciyambu 
1845?                      Keita Hungulu 
1850?                      Kamupula 
1860?                      Ngandu Kapembe 
18.. - 18..                Vacant
1880?                      Pomba Kalukembe 
1890?                      Muengo Njamba 
.... - ....                Kavala Hungulu

Mbailundu

Rulers
c.1700                     Katiavala I
c.1720                     Njahulu I
.... - ....                Somandulo
1774? - 1776?              Cingi I
1778?                      Cingi II
1780?                      Ekuikui I
.... - ....                Numa I
.... - ....                Hundungulu I
.... - ....                Cisende I
.... - ....                Njunjulu
.... - ....                Ngungi
.... - ....                Civukuvuku
1818 - 1832                Utondosi I
1833 - 1842                Bungi
1842 - 1861                Mbonge
1861 - 1869                Cisende II
1869 - 1872                Vasovãvã
1872 - 1876                Ekongo-liohombo
1876 - 1890                Ekuikui II                         (d. 1893)
1890 - 1892                Numa II
1893 - 1895                Katiavala II
1895 - 1896                Moma
1897 - 1898                Kangovi
1898 - 1900                Hundungulu II
1900 - 1902                Kalandula
1903 - 1904                Mutu ya Kevela -Regent
1904 - 1911                Cisende III
1911 - 1935                Njahulu II Kandimba
1935 - 1938                Musita
1938 - 1948                Cinendele
1948 - 1970                Filipe Kapoko
1970 - 1982                Félix Numa
1982 - 1985                Congolola
1985 - 1996                Ekuikui III                        (d. 1996)
1996 - 1999                Utondosi II (named by UNITA)
2002 - 14 Jan 2012         Ekuikui IV                         (b. 1913? - d. 2012)
13 Apr 2012 -              Ekuikui V                          (b. 1974)

Ndulu

Rulers
1800?                      Cindele
1810?                      Mbundi
1835?                      Siakalembe 
1850?                      Lusãse 
1870 - 1890                Elundu Civava 
1890 - 189.                Civange 
1897?                      Cipati 
1900?                      Cisusulu 
190. - 190.                Kasuanje 
190. - 190.                Siakanjimba 
1904?                      Ndingilinya
19.. - 19..                Sihinga 
1910?                      Congolola 
1917?                      Cisokokua 
19.. - 1935                Cihopio 
1935 - ....                Sangombe Esita -Regent

Ngalangi

Rulers
.... - ....                Ndumba II Cihongo 
1835?                      Kambuenge II 
1844 - 1860                Ndumba III Epope Kateyavilombo
1860 - 18..                Etumbu Lutate 
1886?                      Ndumbu I 
1890?                      Ekumbi 
1895?                      Cihongo II 
1899?                      Ciyo 
1905?                      Cipala 
1916?                      Kangombe 
1920?                      Ngangawe
192. - 192.                Cuvika 
1925?                      Cikuetekole 
19.. - 1931                Mbumba Kambuakatepa 
1931 - 1933                Cingelesi 
1933 - 1935                Ndumbu II 
1935 - ....                Congolola

Sambu

Rulers
.... - ....                Handa 
1810?                      Usinhalua II 
1820?                      Kambangula
1835?                      Congolola 
.... - ....                Lundungu 
.... - ....                Ekuikui
.... - ....                Mandi 
19..?                      Citangeleka Komundakeseke

Viye

Rulers
1795 - 1810                Kawewe 
1810 - 1833                Moma Vasovãvã 
1833 - 1839                Mbandua 
1839 - 1842                Kakembembe Hundungulu 
1842 - 1847                Liambula 
1847 - 1850                Kayangula 
1850 - 1857                Mukinda -Regent
1857 - 1859                Nguvenge 
1860 - 1883                Konya Cilemo 
1883 - 1886                Ciponge Njambayamina 
1886 - 1888                Ciyoka 
1888 - 1890                Cikunyu Ndunduma 
1890 - 1895                Kalufele 
1895 - 1901                Kaninguluka 
1901 - 1903                Ciyuka (1st time) 
1903 - 1915                Kavova 
1915 - 1928                Ngungu 
1928 - 1940                Ciyuka (2nd time)

Wambu

1902                       State extinguished by colonial power.

Rulers
1800?                      Kahala I Kanene 
1805?                      Vilombo II Vinene Kaneketela II 
1813 - 1825                Cingi II Cinene Livonge 
1825 - 1840                Ngelo II Yale
1840 - Apr 1846            Ciasungu Kiapungo 
1846 - 1860                Kapoko II 
1860 - 1870                Atende II a Njamba 
1870 - 1877                Vilombo III Kacingangu 
1877 - 1885                Hungulu II Kapusukusu 
1885 - 1891                Wambu II 
1891 - 1894                Njamba Cimbungu 
1894 - 1902                Livonge






©  Ben Cahoon