Kazakhstan 
     

1824 - Dec 1917   Alash-Orda Military Flag in 1919  (possible reconstruction)     30 Dec 1922 - 25 Dec 1991   10 Dec 1991 - 4 Jun 1992   Adopted 4 Jun 1992      Map of Kazakhstan  Hear National Anthem "Mening Qazaqstanym" (My Kazakhstan) Adopted 6 Jan 2006  Former National Anthem "Qazaqstan Respwblïkasınıñ Memlekettik Änuranıy) (National Anthem of the Republic of Kazakhstan) 1992 - 6 Jan 2006  Constitution (30 Aug 1995) Capital: Nur-Sultan (Astana 1998 - 23 Mar 2019; Akmola 1997- 6 May 1998; Almaty [Alma-Ata] 1929-10 Dec 1997; Kyzyl-Orda 1925-1929;   Orenburg 1920-1925; Alash-Qala [Semipalatinsk] 1917-1920) Currency: Tenge (KZT); 1993 Kazakh Ruble (KZR); 1991-93 Russian Ruble (RUR) National Holiday: 25 Oct (1990) Republic Day  Population: 17,736,896 (2013) GDP: $243.6 billion (2013) Exports: $87.23 billion (2013) Imports: $52.03 billion (2013) Ethnic groups: Kazakh (Qazaq) 63.1%, Russian 23.7%,  Uzbek 2.8%, Ukrainian 2.1%, Uighur 1.4%, Tatar 1.3%,   German 1.1%, other 4.5% (2009)  Total Active Armed Forces: 49,000 (2010) Former Nuclear Power: 1,400 weapons (1991-1995) Merchant marine: 11 ships (2010) Religions: Muslim (mostly Sunni) 70.2%, Christian 26.2%  (Russian Orthodox 23.9%, other Christian 2.3%), Buddhist 0.1%, other 0.2%, atheist 2.8%, unspecified 0.5% (2009) International Organizations/Treaties: ACS (observer), ADB, AIIB, ANT, APA, BTWC, CCTS, CES, CFE, CICA, CIS, CSTO, CTBT, CWC, EAEU, EAPC, EBRD, ECO, EITI, ENMOD, ESCR, Eutelsat, FAO, GCTU, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICRM, ICSID, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, Intersputnik, IOC, IOM, IPU, IRENA, ISESCO, ISA (observer), ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, KP, MIGA, Moon, NAM (observer), NPT, NSG, OAS (observer), OIC, OPCW, OPEC (observer), OSCE, OST, PFP, SCO, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFCC, UNFCC-PA, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC Kazakhstan Index Chronology 1465                       Kazakh Khanate founded (see below). 1584                       Yaitskiy (Uralsk/Oral) founded by Cossacks                              (see Ural Cossack Host). 1645                       Russians found Guryev (Atyrau). 1718                       Russians found Semipalatinsk (Semey). Jul 1824 – 1864            Area of the former Khanate (Younger, Middle and                              Elder Zhuzes, called by Russians as Little,                              Middle and Great Kirghiz Hordes) gradually                              annexed by Russia (see Kazakh Khanate below). Oct 1864                   Russian boundary with China agreed. 1882 - 1917                Russian Governorate-general of the Steppe Kray                              (Stepnoy kray); as of 1917 it covered Akmolinsk                              and Semipalatinsk oblasti. Nov 1916 - Jan 1917        Kazakh rebellion, most actively in Turgay and                              Akmolinsk oblasti. 13 Dec 1917                Alash Autonomy (Alash Avtonomiy) is declared under                              the People's Council (Alash-Orda) at All-Kirghiz                              Congress in Orenburg (it claimed authority within                              a federal Russian republic over the Kazakh -                              inhabited oblasti of Russia - Akmolinsk, Bukey,                              Semipalatinsk, Semirechye, Syr-Darya, Turgay,                              and Ural). Dec 1917                   Russian Civil War divides present-day Kazakhstan                              into three parts - "White" Cossack: Semirechye (see                              Semirechye Cossack Host), Turgay (under Orenburg                              Cossack Host), and Ural (see Ural Cossack Host);                              "White" Siberian: Akmolinsk and Semipalatinsk,                              both related to the Provisional Siberian Oblast                              Council; and "Red": Syr-Darya (from 12 Nov 1917;                              part of Turkestan A.S.S.R. from 30 Apr 1918) and                              from 15 Dec 1917, Bukey.        Jan 1918 – Mar 1918        Bolshevik forces take all of present-day Kazakhstan                              (Akmolinsk [modern Astana] on 7 Jan 1918, and                              Semipalatinsk [modern Semey] on 16 Feb 1918),                              Alash-Orda in early Feb 1918 is located at                              Semipalatinsk. Jun 1918 – Jul 1918        Provisional Government of Siberia (see under                              Russian Civil War Polities) troops retake                              the northern and central part of present-day                              Kazakhstan (Akmolinsk on 3 Jun 1918, and                              Semipalatinsk on 11 Jun 1918). 18 Jun 1918                Alash-Orda returns to Semipalatinsk, recognizing                              the authority of "Komuch" (from Jul 1918) then                              the Provisional All-Russian Government (from Sep                              1918)(see under Russian Civil War Polities).  4 Nov 1918                Alash-Orda is declared dissolved by the Provisional                              All-Russian Government, but de facto continues                              mostly in Cossack-held (Ural, Orenburg, Semirechye)                              areas. Aug 1919 – Dec 1919        Red Army advances against the "White" troops of                              Kolchak, Supreme Ruler of Russia (on 28 Nov 1919                              taking Akmolinsk, Semipalatinsk on 2 Dec 1919);                              on 21 Dec 1919, Alash-Orda submits to the Soviet                              government.  5 Mar 1920                Alash-Orda is dissolved by the Soviet government. 26 Aug 1920                Autonomous Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic                               within the Russian S.F.S.R. (see Russia) 15 Jun 1925                Renamed Kazakh Autonomous Soviet Socialist                              Republic. Sep 1929 – Sep 1931        Several Kazakh rebellions, most actively Feb 1930 -                              Apr 1930 in modern Aktobe and Kostanay regions.  5 Dec 1936                Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic. 25 Oct 1990                State sovereignty declared. 10 Dec 1991                Republic of Kazakhstan (Kazakhstan as alternative                              polity style is endorsed by the constitution on                              5 Sep 1995). 16 Dec 1991                Independence declared. 26 Dec 1991                Final independence (dissolution of the U.S.S.R.). Kazakhstan Administrative Divisions Kazakh S.S.R. (1920-1991) Kazakh Khanates (1680-1849) Inner Kirghiz Horde (1801-1858) Semirechye Cossacks (1917-1920) Ural Cossacks (1699-1723, 1917-1920) Historical Maps of Kazakhstan

Governors-general of the Steppe Kray (at Omsk)
 6 Jun 1882 -  5 Nov 1889  Gerasim Alekseyevich Kolpakovskiy  (b. 1819 - d. 1896)
 5 Nov 1889 - 18 Jul 1900  Baron Maksim Antonovich Taube      (b. 1827 - d. 1910)
27 Apr 1901 -  8 May 1906  Nikolay Nikolayevich Sukhotin      (b. 1847 - d. 1918)
 8 May 1906 - 21 Jun 1908  Ivan Pavlovich Nadarov             (b. 1851 - d. 1922)
21 Jun 1908 -  6 Jun 1915  Yevgeniy Ottovich Shmit            (b. 1845 - d. 1915)
 6 Jun 1915 - 17 Mar 1917  Nikolay Aleksandrovich Sukhomlinov (b. 1850 - d. 1918)
Emir
Nov 1916 - Jan 1917        Abdighapar Zhanbosynuly            (b. 1870 - d. 1919)
                             (= Abdulgafar Zhanbosynov)
                             (in rebellion; in Turgay and Akmolinsk oblasts)
Commissars of the Steppe Kray (at Omsk; with rights of governor-general)
21 Mar 1917 - Apr 1917     Innokentiy Pavlovich Laptev        (b. 1873 - d. 1917)  Non-party?
Apr 1917 - Sep 1917        Ivan Petrovich Zakonov             (b. 1867 - d.af.1920)NSP
Sep 1917 - Dec 1917        Aleksandr Yefremovich Novoselov    (b. 1884 - d. 1918)  PSR
Chairman of the All-Kirghiz People's Council (Alash-Orda)
13 Dec 1917 -  5 Mar 1920  Alikhan Bokeikhan                  (b. 1866 - d. 1937)  AP
                             (= Alikhan Nurmukhamedovich Bukeikhanov)
General Khan
 8 Mar 1930 - 20 Mar 1930  Ayzharqyn Qanayuly (in rebellion)  (b. 1855 - d. 1930)
                             (= Ayzharkyn Kanayev)
Presidents
24 Apr 1990 - 20 Mar 2019  Nursultan Ábishuly Nazarbayev      (b. 1940)           KPK;1991 Ind;
                             (from 15 Jun 2010) "Elbasy"                          1999 OTAN
20 Mar 2019 -              Qasym-Zhomart Kemeluly Toqayev     (b. 1953)            OTAN
                             (Kasymzhomart Kemelevich Tokayev)

Prime ministers
10 Dec 1991 - 12 Oct 1994  Sergey Aleksandrovich Tereshchenko (b. 1951)            Ind
12 Oct 1994 - 10 Oct 1997  Akezhan Magzhanovich Kazhegeldin   (b. 1952)            PPU
10 Oct 1997 -  1 Oct 1999  Nurlan Utebuluyevich Balgimbayev   (b. 1947 - d. 2015)  PPU
 1 Oct 1999 - 28 Jan 2002  Qasym-Zhomart Kemeluly Toqayev     (s.a.)               OTAN
                             (Kasymzhomart Kemelevich Tokayev)
                             (acting to 12 Oct 1999)
28 Jan 2002 - 13 Jun 2003  Imangali Nurgaliyevich             (b. 1956)            OTAN
                             Tasmagambetov
13 Jun 2003 - 10 Jan 2007  Danial Kenzhetayevich Akhmetov     (b. 1954)            OTAN
10 Jan 2007 - 24 Sep 2012  Karim Kazhymkanovich Masimov       (b. 1965)            OTAN
                             (1st time)
24 Sep 2012 -  2 Apr 2014  Serik Nyghmetuly Akhmetov          (b. 1958)            OTAN
 2 Apr 2014 -  8 Sep 2016  Karim Kazhymkanovich Masimov       (s.a.)               OTAN
                             (2nd time)
 8 Sep 2016 - 21 Feb 2019  Bakytzhan Abdirovich Sagintayev    (b. 1963)            OTAN
                             (acting to 9 Sep 2016)
21 Feb 2019 -              Askar Uzakbayevich Mamin           (b. 1965)            OTAN
                             (acting to 25 Feb 2019)

Territorial Disputes: Kyrgyzstan has yet to ratify the 2001 boundary delimitation with Kazakhstan; field demarcation of the boundaries commenced with Uzbekistan in 2004 and with Turkmenistan in 2005; ongoing demarcation with Russia began in 2007; demarcation with China was completed in 2002; creation of a seabed boundary with Turkmenistan in the Caspian Sea remains under discussion; Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, and Russia ratified Caspian seabed delimitation treaties based on equidistance, while Iran continues to insist on a one-fifth slice of the sea.

Party abbreviations: OTAN = Partiya "Nur Otan" ("Light of Fatherland Party" Party, secular, centrist, pro-Nazarbayev, named Otan [Fatherland] 1 Mar 1999-22 Dec 2006, then 22 Dec 2006-18 Oct 2013 named Narodno-Demokraticheskaya Partiya "Nur Otan" [People's Democratic Party "Light of Fatherland"], est.1 Mar 1999); Ind = Independent; 
- Former parties: AP = Alash Partiyasy (Alash Party, Kazakh moderate nationalist party of Alash Autonomy, to 1919 anti-Bolshevik, 1917-1920); KPK = Kommunisticheskaya Partiya Kazakhstana (Communist Party of Kazakhstan, Marxist-Leninist communist, former KPK-B, 13 Oct 1952-7 Sep 1991); NSP = Narodno-Sotsialisticheskaya Partiya (People's Socialist Party, center-left, 1905-1920); PPU = Partiey Narodnogo Yedinstva Kazakhstana (Party of People's Unity of Kazakhstan, liberal nationalist, pro-Nazarbayev, 1993-1 Mar 1999, merged into OTAN); PSR = Partiya Sotsialistov-Revolyutsionerov (Party of Socialists-Revolutionaries, "SRs", democratic socialist, agrarian socialist, split Aug 1917 into Left [became PLSR] and Right wings, Jan 1902-1923)

26 Aug 1920                Autonomous Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic 
                             within the Russian S.F.S.R.
15 Jun 1925                Renamed Kazakh Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic.
 5 Dec 1936                Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic

Secretaries of the Kirghiz Regional Bureau of the Central Committee of the Russian
Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
30 Apr 1920 - Sep 1920     Stanislav Stanislavovich Pestkovskiy    (b. 1882 - d. 1937)
                             (Stanïslav Stanïslavovïç Pestkovskïy)
Sep 1920 - 10 Jan 1921     Ivan Alekseyevich Akulov                (b. 1888 - d. 1937)
                             (Ïvan Alekseyevïç Akwlov)
Jan 1921 - Jun 1921        Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev             (b. 1887 - d. 1938)
                             (Muxamedxafï Mırzağalïev)
Secretaries of the Kirghiz Regional Committee of the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
Jun 1921 - Jul 1921        Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev             (s.a.)
Jul 1921 - Aug 1921        Mariya Mikhaylovna Kostelovskaya (f)    (b. 1878 - d. 1964)
                             (Marïya Mïxaylovna Kostelovskaya)
Sep 1921 - Sep 1924        Georgiy Alekseyevich Korostelyev        (b. 1885 - d. 1932)
                             (Georgïy Alekseyevïç Korostelev)
Sep 1924 - 19 Feb 1925     Viktor Ivanovich Naneyshvili            (b. 1878 - d. 1940)
                             (Vïktor Ïvanovïç Neynïşvïlï)
Secretaries of the Kazakh Regional Committee of the Russian Communist Party
(Bolsheviks)(from 31 Dec 1925, All-Union Communist Party [Bolsheviks])
19 Feb 1925 - Jun 1925     Viktor Ivanovich Naneyshvili            (s.a.)
12 Sep 1925 - Feb 1933     Filipp Isayevich Goloshchekin           (b. 1886 - d. 1941)
                             (Fïloïp Ïsayevïç Goloşçekïn)
Feb 1933 - 23 Apr 1937     Levon Isayevich Mirzoyan                (b. 1887 - d. 1939)
                             (Levon Ïsaevïç Mïrzoyan)
First Secretaries of the Central Committee of the Communist Party (Bolsheviks)
of Kazakhstan (from 13 Oct 1952, Communist Party of Kazakhstan)
23 Apr 1937 -  3 May 1938  Levon Isayevich Mirzoyan                (s.a.)
 3 May 1938 - May 1945     Nikolay Aleksandrovich Skvortsov        (b. 1899 - d. 1974)
                             (Nïkolay Aleksandrovïç Skvortsov)
May 1945 - 22 Jun 1946     Gennadiy Andreyevich Borkov             (b. 1905 - d. 1983)
                             (Gennadïy Andreevïç Borkov)
22 Jun 1946 -  6 Mar 1954  Zhumabay Shayakhmetovich Shayakhmetov   (b. 1902 - d. 1966)
                             (Jumabay Şayaxmetulı)
 6 Mar 1954 -  7 May 1955  Panteleimon Kondratyevich Ponomarenko   (b. 1902 - d. 1984)
                             (Panteleïmon Kondratevïç Ponomarenko)
 7 May 1955 -  6 Mar 1956  Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev                  (b. 1906 - d. 1982)
                             (Leonïd Ïlïç Brejnev)
 6 Mar 1956 - 26 Dec 1957  Ivan Dmitriyevich Yakovlev              (b. 1910 - d. 1999)
                             (Ïvan Dmïtrovïç Yakovlev)
26 Dec 1957 - 19 Jan 1960  Nikolay Ilyich Belyayev                 (b. 1903 - d. 1966)
                             (Nïkolay Ïlïç Belyaev)
19 Jan 1960 - 26 Dec 1962  Dinmukhamed Akhmedovich Kunayev         (b. 1912 - d. 1993)
                             (Dinmuxamed Axmetulı Qonayev)
                             (1st time) 
26 Dec 1962 -  7 Dec 1964  Ismail Yusupovich Yusupov               (b. 1914 - d. 2005)
                             (Ïsmaïl Abdwraswlovïç Yuswpov)
 7 Dec 1964 - 16 Dec 1986  Dinmukhamed Akhmedovich Kunayev         (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
16 Dec 1986 - 22 Jun 1989  Gennadiy Vasilyevich Kolbin             (b. 1927 - d. 1998)
                             (Gennadïy Vasïlevïç Kolbïn)
22 Jun 1989 - 28 Aug 1991  Nursultan Abishevich Nazarbayev         (b. 1940)
                             (Nursultan Äbişulı Nazarbayev)

Chairmen of the Kirghiz Revolutionary Committee 
10 Jul 1919 - Aug 1920     Stanislav Stanislavovich Pestkovskiy    (s.a.)               RKP
                             (Stanïslav Stanïslavovïç Pestkovskïy)
Aug 1920 - 26 Aug 1920     Sakhiygirey Argancheyev (acting)                             RKP
                             (Saxïgeje Arğançev)
26 Aug 1920 - Oct 1920     Viktor Alekseyevich Radus-Zenkovich     (b. 1877 - d. 1967)  RKP 
                             (Vïktor Alekseevïç Radws-Zenkovïç)
Oct 1920                   Abdrakhman Aytiyevich Aytiyev           (b. 1886 - d. 1936)  RKP 
                             (Abdraxman Aytïevïç Atïev)
Chairmen of the Central Executive Committee of the Kirghiz A.S.S.R.
12 Oct 1920 - 19 Apr 1925  Seytgali Mendeshevich Mendeshev         (b. 1882 - d. 1937)  RKP
                             (Seytqalï Mendeşev)
19 Apr 1925 - Jun 1925     Zhalau Mynbayev (Jalaw Mıñbayev)                             RKP
Chairmen of the Central Executive Committee of the Kazakh A.S.S.R.
(from 5 Dec 1936, Kazakh S.S.R.)
Jun 1925 - 1927            Zhalau Mynbayev                                         RKP;1925 VKP
1927 - 1933                Eltay Ernazarov (Eltay Ernazarov)       (b. 1887 - d. 1945)  VKP
11 Oct 1933 - 22 Jun 1937  Uzakbay Dzhelderbayevich Kulumbetov     (b. 1891 - d. 1938)  VKP
                             (Uzaqbay Jelderbayulı Qulımbetov)
Jun 1937 - Jul 1937        Ismail Salvafeka (Ïsmaïl Salvafeka)                          KPK-B
                             (acting)                           
Jul 1937 - 28 Oct 1937     Alibey Togzhanovich Dzhangildin (acting)(b. 1884 - d. 1953)  KPK-B
                             (Älibï Toqjanulı Jankeldin)
28 Oct 1937 - 15 Jul 1938  Nurbapa Umirzakov (Nurbapa Ömirzaqov)   (b. 1907 - d. 1947)  KPK-B
Chairman of the Supreme Soviet
15 Jul 1938 - 16 Jul 1938  Salken Daulenovich Daulenov             (b. 1907 - d. 1984)  KPK-B
                             (Sälken Däwlenulı Däwlenov)
Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet
16 Jul 1938 - 20 Mar 1947  Abdisamet Kazakbayev                    (b. 1898 - d. 1959)  KPK-B
                             (Äbdisämet Qazaqbayev)
20 Mar 1947 - 23 Mar 1954  Daniyal Kerimbayevich Kerimbayev        (b. 1909 - d. 1982)  KPK-B
                             (Danïyal Kerimbayev)
23 Mar 1954 - 31 Mar 1955  Nurtas Dandibayevich Undasynov          (b. 1904 - d. 1989)  KPK
                             (Nurtas Dändibayulı Oñdasınov)
31 Mar 1955 - 20 Jan 1960  Zhumabek Akhmetovich Tashenev           (b. 1915 - d. 1986)  KPK
                             (Jumabek Aхmetulı Täşenov)
20 Jan 1960 - 25 Aug 1960  Fazyl Karimovich Karibzhanov            (b. 1912 - d. 1960)  KPK
                             (Fazıl Kärimulı Käribjanov)
25 Aug 1960 -  3 Jan 1961  Kapitolina Nikolayevna Kryukova (f)     (b. 1914 - d. 2002)  KPK
                             (Kapïtolïna Nïkolayevna Krywkova)
                             (acting)
 3 Jan 1961 -  5 Apr 1965  Isagali Sharipovich Sharipov            (b. 1905 - d. 1976)  KPK
                             (Ïsağalï Şäripov)
 5 Apr 1965 - 19 Dec 1978  Sabir Bilyalovich Niyazbekov            (b. 1912 - d. 1989)  KPK
                             (Sabır Bilälulı Nïyazbekov)
19 Dec 1978 - 14 Dec 1979  Isatay Abdukarimovich Abdukarimov       (b. 1923 - d. 2001)  KPK
                             (Ïsatay Äbdikärimov)
14 Dec 1979 - 22 Feb 1984  Sattar Nurmashevich Imashov             (b. 1925 - d. 1984)  KPK
                             (Sattar Nurmaşulı Ïmaşev)
22 Feb 1984 - 22 Mar 1984  Andrey Pavlovich Plotnikov (acting)                          KPK
                             (Andrey Pavlovïç Plotnïkov)
22 Mar 1984 - 27 Sep 1985  Bayken Ashimovich Ashimov               (b. 1917 - d. 2010)  KPK
                             (Bäyken Äşimulı Äşimov)
27 Sep 1985 -  9 Feb 1988  Salamat Mukashevich Mukashev            (b. 1927 - d. 2004)  KPK
                             (Salamat Muqaşev)
 9 Feb 1988 -  6 Dec 1988  Zakash Kamalidenovich Kamalidenov       (b. 1936 - d. 2017)  KPK
                             (Zaqaş Qamalïdenülı Qamalïdïenov)
 6 Dec 1988 - 10 Mar 1989  Vera Vasilyevna Sidorova (f) (acting)   (b. 1934)            KPK 
                             (Vera Vasïlyevna Sïdorova)
10 Mar 1989 - 22 Feb 1990  Makhtay Ramazanovich Sagdiyev           (b. 1929 - d. 2012)  KPK
                             (Maqtay Ramazanulı Sağdïyev)
Chairman of the Supreme Soviet
22 Feb 1990 - 24 Apr 1990  Nursultan Abishevich Nazarbayev         (s.a.)               KPK
                             (Nursultan Äbişulı Nazarbayev)

Chairmen of the Council of People's Commissars
12 Oct 1920 - 1921         Viktor Alekseyevich Radus-Zenkovich     (s.a.)               RKP
                             (Vïktor Alekseevïç Radws-Zenkovïç)
Oct 1921 - Sep 1922        Mukhamedkhafiy Murzagaliyev             (b. 1887 - d. 1941)  RKP
                             (Muxamedxafï Mırzağalïev)
Sep 1922 - Oct 1924        Saken (Saduakas) Seyfullin              (b. 1894 - d. 1939)  RKP
                             (Säken [Sädwaqas] Seyfwllïn)
Oct 1924 - May 1928        Nygmet Nurmakovich Nurmakov             (b. 1895 - d. 1937) RKP/VKP
                             (Nıǧmet Nurmaqulı Nurmaqov)
May 1928 - Sep 1937        Uraz Dzaizakovich Isayev                (b. 1899 - d. 1938)  VKP
                             (Oraz Januzaqulı Ïsayev)
Sep 1937 - 17 Jul 1938     Ibragim Tausiyevich Tazhiyev            (b. 1904 - d. 1960)  KPK-B
                             (Ibırayım Tawsïqulı Täjïev)
17 Jul 1938 - 15 Mar 1946  Nurtas Dandybayevich Undasynov          (s.a.)               KPK-B
                             (Nurtas Dändibayulı Oñdasınov)
Chairmen of the Council of Ministers
15 Mar 1946 - 24 Mar 1954  Nurtas Dandybayevich Undasynov          (s.a.)               KPK-B
24 Mar 1954 - 31 Mar 1955  Elubay Bazimovich Taibekov              (b. 1901 - d. 1991)  KPK
                             (Elwbay Bäzimulı Taybekov)
31 Mar 1955 - 20 Jan 1960  Dinmukhamed Akhmedovich Kunayev         (s.a.)               KPK
                             (Dinmuxamed Axmetulı Qonayev)
                             (1st time)
20 Jan 1960 -  6 Jan 1961  Zhumabek Akhmetovich Tashenev           (s.a.)               KPK
                             (Jumabek Aхmetulı Täşenov)
 6 Jan 1961 - 13 Sep 1962  Salken Daulenovich Daulenov             (s.a.)               KPK
                             (Sälken Däwlenulı Däwlenov)
13 Sep 1962 - 26 Dec 1962  Masymkhan Beysembayevich Beysembayev    (b. 1908 - d. 1987)  KPK
                             (Mäsimxan Beysebayulı Beysebayev)
                             (1st time) 
26 Dec 1962 -  7 Dec 1964  Dinmukhamed Akhmedovich Kunayev         (s.a.)               KPK
                             (2nd time)
 7 Dec 1964 - 31 Mar 1970  Masymkhan Beysembayevich Beysembayev    (s.a.)               KPK
                             (2nd time)
31 Mar 1970 - 22 Mar 1984  Bayken Ashimovich Ashimov               (s.a.)               KPK
                             (Bäyken Äşimulı Äşimov)
22 Mar 1984 - 27 Jul 1989  Nursultan Abishevich Nazarbayev         (s.a.)               KPK
                             (Nursultan Äbişulı Nazarbayev)
27 Jul 1989 - 16 Oct 1991  Uzakbay Karamanovich Karamanov          (b. 1937)            KPK
                             (Uzaqbay Qaramanulı Qaramanov)
16 Oct 1991 - 10 Dec 1991  Sergey Aleksandrovich Tereshchenko      (b. 1951)          Non-party
                             (Sergey Aleksandrovïç Tereşçenko)

Party abbreviation: KPK = Kazakhstan Kommunistіk Partiyasy/Kommunisticheskaya Partiya Kazakhstana (Communist Party [Bolsheviks] of Kazakhstan, Marxist-Leninist communist, state party, former KPK, 13 Oct 1952-7 Sep 1991);
- Former parties: KPK-B = Kommunisticheskaya Partiya (Bol'shevikov) Kazakhstana (Communist Party [Bolsheviks] of Kazakhstan, Marxist-Leninist communist, state party, 23 Apr 1937-13 Oct 1952, renamed KPK); RKP = Rossiyskaya Kommunisticheskaya Partiya (Bol'shevikov)(Russian Communist Party [Bolsheviks], communist, former RSDRP-B, state party, 8 Mar 1918-31 Dec 1925, renamed All-Union Communist Party); VKP = Vsesoyuznaya Kommunisticheskaya Partiya (Bol'shevikov)(All-Union Communist Party [Bolsheviks], Marxist-Leninist communist, state party, former RKP, 31 Dec 1925-13 Oct 1952, renamed Communist Party of the Soviet Union)