U.S. Native American Nations
 

Contents:  Abenaki (St Francis Sokoki Band) - Absentee Shawnee of Oklahoma - Alabama-Coushatta Tribe of Texas - Arapaho Nation of Wyoming -Aroostook Band of Micmacs - Blackfeet of Montana - Cheyenne River Sioux - Cherokee of Oklahoma - Chickasaw - Chitimacha - Choctaw of Mississippi - Choctaw of Oklahoma - Coeur d'Alene Tribe (Schitsu'Umsh) - Comanchee Nation - Delaware of Western Oklahoma - Eastern Band of Cherokee - Eastern Shawnee of Oklahoma - Flandreau Santee Sioux - Hopi - Iowa of Oklahoma - Kanatak Native Village - Las Vegas Paiute - Mashantucket Pequot - Menominee - Miami Tribe of Oklahoma - Miccosukee - Mohegan - Morongo Band of Mission Indians - Muskogee (Creek) of Oklahoma - Narragansett - Navajo - Oglala Sioux  - Ottawa of Oklahoma - Passamaquoddy - Pawnee of Oklahoma - Penobscot Indian Nation - Peoria of Oklahoma - Puyallup - Quapaw Tribe of Oklahoma -  Red Cliff Band of Lake Superior Chippewa - Sac & Fox of Oklahoma - Sault Ste. Marie - Seminole of Florida - Seminole of Oklahoma - Seneca - Seneca-Cayuga of Oklahoma - Shawnee Tribe of Oklahoma (Loyal Shawnee) - Shinnecock - Shoshone-Bannock Tribes - Siletz Tribes - Southern Ute - Spokane Tribe - Tlingit and Haida Central Council - Tohono O'odham - United Band of Keetoowah Cherokee - Uintah & Ouray Ute - Warm Springs - Washoe Tribe of Nevada and California - White Earth Ojibwe - White Mountain Apache - Wyandotte of Oklahoma - Yakama - Zuni Pueblo -

Note: As of 27 Oct 2010, there were 565 Native American tribal nations, bands, confederations, communities, rancheria, pueblo and villages recognized by the United States federal government, the Constitution, treaty, statute, or by court decisions as "sovereign domestic dependent nations under the U.S. protection."  They have formal government-to-government relations with the U.S. federal government and enjoy full internal self-government and administer the territories they reserved for themselves. Currently this page lists only a small fraction of Native American Nations. More data will be added as information becomes available. Nations are listed below according to the State(s) in which their lands are located and are listed alphabetically above in the contents table.

1954 - 1994                Kanatak Tribe of Alaska tribal government dormant.
1994                       Alaska Native Village of Kanatak.

Note: Central Council of the Tlingit and Haida Indian Tribes is not a Native Nation, it is a service corporation and not a sovereign native nation.  There are some 200 very tiny native nations in Alaska, which are confederated in so-called Regional Native Corporations.  Most of the nations are members of two regional corporations, one of which is organized under 1971 Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act and administers tribal businesses and assets, the other is organized under 1994 Self-governance Act and administers the rendering of services to tribal members. 

1912                       Alaska Native Brotherhood established by the Tlingit and
                             Haida tribes.
11 Nov 1935                Central Council first meets, this is the origin of tribal 
                             government.
18 Oct 1966                First meeting of the Alaska Federation of Natives.
21 Oct 1993                Interior Dept. omits council from federal recognition list.
 2 Nov 1994                Congress reconfirms federal recognition.

Presidents of the Central Council
11 Nov 1935 - 1940         David Morgan
1940 - 1966                Andrew Percy Hope, Sr.           (b. 1896 - d. 1968)
1966 - 1967                Ted Denny
1967 - 1972                John Borbridge, Jr.
1972 - 1976                Clarence Jackson, Sr.
1976 - 1980                Raymond E. Paddock, Jr.          (b. 1936 - d. 1987)
1980 - 1984                Andrew John Hope, Jr.
1984 - 2007                Edward K. Thomas (1st time)
2007 - Apr 2010            Bill Martin
2010 -                     Edward K. Thomas (2nd time)

Navajo

             Adopted 21 May 1968

1786 - 1793                Subject to the Spanish.
1849                       Navajos under protection of the U.S., the original boundaries 
                             of the Navajo country fixed.
1864 - 1868                Settled at Bosque Redondo Reservation.
 1 Jun 1868                Navajo country formally ceded to the U.S. in exchange 
                             for a reservation (Navajo Indian Reservation).
1922                       Tribal government established.
15 Apr 1969                Navajo Nation.

Tohono O'odham

1854                       Gadsden Purchase leads to the current U.S.-Mexico border
                             traversing O'odham lands.
1874                       San Xavier reservation established.
1882                       Gila Bend reservation established.
 1 Feb 1917                Papago Indian Reservation established.
18 Jun 1937                Papago adopt first Constitution.
1978                       Florence Village is established as part of the Nation. 
18 Jan 1986                Renamed Tohono O'odham.

Chairmen
1937 - 1947                ....
1947 - 1953                Thomas A. Segundo (1st time)      (b. 1920? - d. 1971)
c.1955                     Mark Manuel
c.1963                     Eugene Johnson
1968 -  6 May 1971         Thomas A. Segundo (2nd time)      (s.a.)
1971 - 1995                ....
1995 -  3 Jun 2003         Edward D. Manuel
 3 Jun 2003 -  3 Aug 2007  Vivian Juan Sanders (f)
 3 Aug 2007 -              Ned Norris, Jr.                   (b. 1955)

Tonto Apache

White Mountain Apache 

1871                       White Mountain Reservation.
1897                       Split into two reservations: the Fort Apache Reservation and
                             the San Carlos Apache Reservation.
26 Aug 1938                White Mountain Apache Tribe of the Fort Apache Indian Reservation.

Head Chiefs
.... - ....                Pedro
188. -  6 Aug 1928         Alchise (William Alchesay)       (b. 1853? - d. 1928)
1928 - 11 Oct 1952         Baha Alchesay                    (b. 1885? - d. 1952)

Campo Band of Diegueno Mission Indians

Chemehuevi Indian Tribe

Morongo Band of Mission Indians

15 May 1876                Morongo Band of Mission Indians Reservation established.

Southern Ute

1868                       Southern Ute Reservation.
1918                       Consolidated Ute Indian Reservation 
1936                       Southern Ute federall recognized.

18 Oct 1983                Mashantucket Pequot Tribe gains federal recognition.

Chiefs
19.. - 1973                Elisabeth George Plouffe (f)     (b. 1895 - d. 1973)
1973 - 1975                Amos George 
Chairmen
1975 - Jan 1999            Richard "Skip" Hayward           (b. 1947) 
Jan 1999 - Jan 2003        Kenneth M. Reels
Jan 2003 -  1 Jan 2009     Michael J. Thomas
 1 Jan 2010 -              Rodney Butler

 7 Mar 1994                Federal recognition grabtted to the Mohegan Tribe of
                             Indians of the State of Connecticut.

Chiefs
1902 - 1903                Henry Mathews (Wegun) 
1903 - 1928                Lemuel Fielding (Occum)            (b. 1859 - d. 1928) 
1929 - 1935                Everett Fielding                   (b. 1887 - d. 19..) 
1935 - 1937                Julian Harris (Peegee Uncas)       (b. 1872 - d. 19..) 
1937 - 1952                Burrill Fielding (Matahga)         (b. 1862 - d. 1952)
1952 - 1970                Harold A. Tantaquidgeon            (b. 1904 - d. 1989) 
1970 - 1991                Courtland Fowler (Little Hatchet)  (b. 1905 - d. 1991) 
1992 -  1 Oct 2007         Ralph W. Sturges (G'tinemong)      (b. 1918 - d. 2007)
15 Aug 2010 -              Lynn Malerba (Mutawi Mutahash)(f)  (b. 1954?)

Delaware

None Recognized

                  Adopted 1962

Chairmen
1962 - 1985                Buffalo Tiger                  (b. 1920)
1986 - 2010                Billy Cypress                  (b. 1952)
 5 Jan 2010 -              Colley Billie

Seminole Nation of Florida

Adopted 1966

1823                       Seminole country ceded to the U.S. in return for the Seminole
                             Indian Reservation.
1832                       Seminole Indian Reservation ceded to the U.S. in return for a new
                             reservation in the Indian Territory.
1835 - 1842                Second Seminole War.
1839                       Majority of the Seminoles moved to the Indian Territory.
1856 - 1858                Third Seminole War.
1913                       Seminoles of Florida recognized as separate from the Seminole 
                             Nation of Oklahoma.
1917                       Big Cypress Indian Reservation established.
1926                       Dania (1966, renamed Hollywood) Indian Reservation added.
13 Jun 1935                Brighton Indian Reservation added.
1953                       U.S. House proposes termination of Seminole Tribe.
21 Aug 1957                Seminole Tribe of Florida, federal recognition.

 1 Oct 1866                Coeur d'Alene Reservation established.

Chiefs
1660 - 1760                Circling Raven
1760 - 1844                Twisted Earth
1844 - 1865                Vincent (Bassah)
1865 - 1902                Andrew Seltice
1902 - 1907                Peter Wildshoe
1907 - 1932                Peter Moctelme
1932 - 1949                Joseph Seltice
1949 - 1965                Ignace Garry

Chairmen
1947 - 1948                Joseph Seltice
1948 - 1950                Ignace Garry 
1950 - 1954                Pascal George
1954 - 1955                Felix Aripa
1955 - 1956                Lawrence Nicodemus
1956 - 1968                Joseph Garry
1968 - 1970                Oswald George
1970 - 1972                Bernard LaSarte (1st time)
1972 - 1974                Hillary Skanen
1974 - 1982                Bernard LaSarte (2nd time)
1982 - 1985                Dave Matheson
1985 - 1986                Bernard LaSarte (3rd time)
May 1986 - May 2005        Ernie Stensgar
May 2005 -                 Chief James Allan                     (b. 1977)

Shoshone-Bannock Tribes

 3 Jul 1868                 Fort Hall Indian Reservation established by Fort Bridger Treaty.
1936                        Shoshone Bannock Tribes granted federal recognition.

Iowa

1917                       Chitimacha Tribe of Louisiana granted federal recognition.

Aroostook Band of Micmacs

1984                       Aroostook Micmac Council
26 Nov 1991                Federal Recognition granted (Aroostook Band of Micmacs).

Mashpee Wampanoag Tribe, Massachusetts

Wampanoag Tribe of Gay Head (Aquinnah) of Massachusetts
(formerly Wampanoag Tribal Council of Gay Head, Inc.)

Michigan

Bay Mills Indian Community

Hannahville Potowatomie Indian Community

Sault Ste. Marie Ojibwe

                    Adopted 1970's

Minnesota

Mille Lacs Band of Ojibwe

Minnesota Chippewa Tribe

White Earth Ojibwe



19 Mar 1867                 White Earth Chippewa Reservation created in Minnesota.

Chairmen
2000 - 2004                 Doyle Turner
2004 -                      Erma J. Vizenor (f)

Red Lake Band of Chippewa Indians

Shakopee Mdewakanton Sioux Community

Mississippi

Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians

                  Adopted Dec 1994

1786                       Choctaws under protection of the U.S., the original boundaries of
                             the Choctaw country fixed.
1805 & 1820                Main Choctaw land cessions to the U.S.
1826                       Choctaw tribal government (Choctaw Nation) established, governed by
                             the chiefs of the Okla Tannip District, the Okla Falaya District,
                             and the Okla Hannali District.
1830                       Choctaw Indian Reservation ceded to the U.S. in return for a new
                             reservation in the Indian Territory.
1834                       Majority of the Choctaws moved to the Indian Territory.
1918                       Choctaws of Mississippi recognized as separate from the Choctaw 
                             Nation of Oklahoma.
23 Dec 1944                Mississippi Choctaw Indian Reservation established.
20 Apr 1945                Choctaw tribal government (Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians).

Chiefs of Oklatannip District
.... - 1809                Homastubbee                    (d. 1809)
1809 - 1826                Moshulatubbee (1st time)       (b. c.1778 - d. 1838)
1826 - 1830                David Folsom                   (b. 1791 - d. 1847)
1830 - 1834                Moshulatubbee (2nd time)       (s.a.)
1834 - 1945                Vacant
Chiefs of Oklafalaya District
1802 - 18 Oct 1824         Apukshunnubbee                 (b. c.1740 - d. 1824)
1824 - 1826                Robert Cole
1826 - 1834                Greenwood LeFlore              (b. 1800 - d. 1865)
1834 - 1945                Vacant
Chiefs of Oklahannali District
1803 - 24 Dec 1824         Pushmataha                     (b. c.1764 - d. 1824)
Dec 1824                   Oklahoma
Dec 1824 - 28 Sep 1828     Humming Bird                   (d. 1828)
1828 - 1830                John "Sam" Garland
1830 - 1834                Nitakechi                      (b. 1792 - d. 1846)
1834 - 1945                Vacant
Chairmen
1945 - 1949                Joe Chitto
1949 - 1959                Emmett York (1st time)
1959 - 1967                Phillip Martin                 (b. 1926 - d. 2010)
1967 - 1975                Emmett York (2nd time)
Chiefs (title Miko)
1975 - 1979                Calvin Issac
1979 - Jul 2007            Phillip Martin                 (s.a.)
Jul 2007 -                 Beasley Denson

Montana

Assiniboine & Gros Ventreof Fort Belknap Reservation

Assiniboine and Sioux Tribes of the Fort Peck Indian Reservation

Blackfeet of Montana

13 Nov 1935                Blackfoot Nation of Montana recognized.

Head Chiefs
1874 - ....                Little Plume
.... - 1903                White Calf                      (d. 1903)

Las Vegas Paiute 

30 Dec 1911                Las Vegas Paiute Colony established (part of the Moapa River
                             Indian Reservation) in Las Vegas, Nevada.
18 Jun 1934                Las Vegas Paiutes recognized as separate from the Moapa River
                             Reservation.
22 Jul 1970                Tribe recognized by Federal government (Las Vegas Tribe of Paiute 
                             Indians).

Chairmen
1970 - 1978                ....
1978 - 1980                Gloria Yazzie (f)
1980 - 1988                ....
1988 - 1990                Margaret Henry (f)
1990 - 1993                Alfreda Mitre (f) (1st time)    (b. 1954)
1993 - 1994                ....
1994 - 1998                Alfreda Mitre (f) (2nd time)    (s.a.)
1998 - 1999                Kenny Anderson
1999 -                     Curtis Anderson

Washoe Tribe of Nevada and California

24 Jan 1936                Federal recognition.

Chairmen of Tribal Council
1990 - 2006                A. Brian Wallace
 1 Dec 2006 -  1 Dec 2010  Waldo W. Walker
 1 Dec 2010 -              Wanda Batchelor (f)

Shinnecock Indian Nation

13 Jun 2010                Shinnecock Nation federally recognized.

Eastern Band of Cherokee

1824                       Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians formed in North Carolina at
                             Qualla Boundary after removal west of other Cherokee.
1865                       North Carolina assured the permanent residence of the Cherokees.

Principal Chiefs
1824 - Apr 1839            Yonaguska (Drowning Bear)          (b. c.1759 - d. 1839)
1839 - 1869                William Holland Thomas             (b. 1805 - d. 1893)
 1 Dec 1870 - 1875         Salonitah (Flying Squirrel)
1875 - 1880                Lloyd R. Welch                     (d. 1880)  
1880 - 1891                Nimrod Jarrett Smith (Tsaladihi)   (b. 1837 - d. 1893)
1891 - 1895                Stillwell Saunooke  
1895 - 1899                Andy Standing Deer  
1899 - 1903                Jesse Reed  
1903 - 1907                Bird Saloloneeta (Young Squirrel)
1907 - 1911                John Goins  
1911 - 1915                Joseph A. Saunooke (1st time)  
1915 - 1919                David Blythe  
1919 - 1923                Joseph A. Saunooke (2nd time)  
1923 - 1927                Sampson Owl  
1927 - 1931                John A. Tahquette  
1931 - 1947                Jarret Blythe (1st time)           (b. 1886 - d. 1977)  
1947 - 1951                Henry Bradley                      (b. 1883 - d. 1965)  
1951 - 1955                Osley Bird Saunooke (1st time)  
1955 - 1959                Jarret Blythe (2nd time)           (s.a.)
1959 - 1963                Olsey Bird Saunooke (2nd time)  
1963 - 1967                Jarret Blythe (3rd time)           (s.a.)  
1967 - 1971                Walter Jackson  
1971 - 1973                Noah Powell  
1973 - 1983                John A. Crowe
1983 - 1987                Robert S. Youngdeer
1987 - 1995                Jonathan L. Taylor
15 Sep 1995 -  2 Oct 1995  Gerard Parker
1995 - 1999                Joyce C. Dugan (f)
1999 - 2003                Leon Jones  
2003 -                     Michell Hicks

Lumbee

7 Oct 1861 - 23 Jun 1865                    Cherokee Braves Battle Flag

9 Oct 1978 - 9 Sep 1989

Adopted 9 Sep 1989

 7 Oct 1861                Treaty of alliance with the Confederate States of America.
20 Feb 1863                Pro-U.S. faction revokes treaty with the Confederacy.
19 Jul 1866                "Reconstruction" Treaty with U.S.
24 Apr 1906                End of national self-government.
1971                       Restoration of tribal self-government.
26 Jun 1976                Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma
26 Jul 2003                Renamed the Cherokee Nation.

Principal Chiefs, Western Cherokees
1795 - 1813                John Bowles
1813 - 1818                Takatoka (Degadoga)
1818 - 1819                Tahlonteeskee (Ataluntiski)        (d. 1819)
1819 - 28 Dec 1838         John Jolly (Ahuludegi)             (b. c.1763 - d. 1838)
Dec 1838 - 1839            John Looney
1839 - 11 Oct 1839         John Brown
11 Oct 1839 - 1840         John Rogers                        (b. 1778 - d. 1846)
Principal Chiefs, Eastern Cherokees
1730 - c.1753              Moytag                             (d. c.1753)
1753 - Aug 1760            Old Hop (Kanagatoga)               (d. 1760)
1760 - 1778                Attacullaculla                     (d. 1778)
1778 - 1780                Oconocoasta                        (d. 1783)
1780 - Jun 1788            Old Tassel (Kayatihi)              (d. 1788)
1788 - 1792                Haning Maw (Uskwaliguta)           (d. 1794)
1792 - 1801                Little Turkey (Kanagadoga)         (b. 1758 - d. 1801)
1801 - 22 Jul 1811         Blackfox (Enoli)                   (d. 1811)
1811 -  6 Jan 1827         Pathkiller (Nunnadihi)             (b. 1749 - d. 1827)
Jan 1827 - 20 Jan 1827     Charles Renatus Hicks              (b. 1767 - d. 1837)
1827 - 1828                William Hicks                      (b. 1769 - d. 1823)        
Oct 1828 - 11 Aug 1866     John Ross                          (b. 1790 - d. 1866)
Principal Chiefs
 2 Oct 1839 -  1 Aug 1866  John Ross                          (s.a.)
                            (in exile in Kansas, 3 Aug 1862 - Jun 1865)
21 Aug 1862 - 1866         Stand Watie (in rebellion)         (b. 1806 - d. 1871)
                            (elected by Confederate Cherokee;
                             surrendered to U.S. 23 Jun 1865)
 1 Aug 1866 - 19 Oct 1866  Lewis Downing (1st time) (acting)  (b. 1823 - d. 1882)
19 Oct 1866 -  4 Nov 1867  William Potter Ross (1st time)     (b. 1820 - d. 1891)
 4 Nov 1867 -  9 Nov 1872  Lewis Downing (2nd time)           (s.a.)
10 Nov 1872                Charles Thompson (1st time)        (d. 1891)
11 Nov 1872 -  1 Nov 1875  William Potter Ross (2nd time)     (s.a.)
 1 Nov 1875 -  3 Nov 1879  Charles Thompson (2nd time)        (s.a.)
 3 Nov 1879 -  1 Aug 1887  Dennis Wolf Bushyhead              (b. 1826 - d. 1898)
 1 Aug 1887 - 14 Dec 1891  Joel Bryan Mayes                   (b. 1833 - d. 1891)
14 Dec 1891 - 23 Dec 1891  Thomas Mitchell Buffington         (b. 1855 - d. 1938)
                             (1st time) (acting)
23 Dec 1891 -  4 Nov 1895  Colonel Johnson Harris             (b. 1856 - d. 1921)
 4 Nov 1895 -  6 Nov 1899  Samuel Houston Mayes               (b. 1845 - d. 1927)
 6 Nov 1899 -  2 Nov 1903  Thomas Mitchell Buffington         (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
 2 Nov 1903 - 21 Nov 1905  William Charles Rogers (1st time)  (b. 1849 - d. 1917)
21 Nov 1905 - 1906         Frank Josiah Boudinot              (b. 1866 - d. 1945)
1906 - 1917                William Charles Rogers (2nd time)  (s.a.)
1917 - 1919                Vacant
 8 Nov 1919 - 25 Nov 1919  Andrew Bell Cunningham             (b. 1869 - d. 1928)
26 Nov 1919 - 23 Jun 1923  Vacant
23 Jun 1923                Edward M. Frye                     (b. 1879 - d. 19..)
24 Jun 1923 - 15 Oct 1925  Vacant
15 Oct 1925                Richard Baxter Choate              (b. 1863 - d. 1937)
16 Oct 1925 - 27 Dec 1927  Vacant
27 Dec 1927                Charles J. Hunt                    (b. 1876 - d. 19..)
28 Dec 1927 - 26 May 1931  Vacant
26 May 1931                Oliver P. Brewer                   (b. 1871 - d. 19..)
27 May 1931 - 22 Jan 1936  Vacant
22 Jan 1936                William Wirt Hastings              (b. 1866 - d. 1938)
23 Jan 1936 - 1941         Vacant
1941 - 1949                Jesse Bartley Milam                (b. 1884 - d. 1949)
1949 - 1975                William Wayne Keeler               (b. 1908 - d. 1987) 
1975 - 1985                Ross O. Swimmer                    (b. 1943)
1985 - 1995                Wilma Pearl Mankiller (f)          (b. 1945 - d. 2010)
1995 - 1999                Joe Byrd                           (b. 1954)
14 Aug 1999 - 14 Aug 2011  Chad "Corntassel" Smith            (b. 1950)
14 Aug 2011 - 19 Oct 2011  S. Joe Crittenden (acting)         (b. 1944)
19 Oct 2011 -              Bill John Baker                    (b. 1951?)

17 Jan 1837 - 22 Jun 1855  Component part (District) of the Choctaw Nation.
 1 Jul 1861                Treaty of alliance with the Confederate States of America.
28 Apr 1866                "Reconstruction" Treaty with U.S.
24 Apr 1906                End of national self-government.
1971                       Restoration of tribal self-government.

Minko (hereditary chiefs)
17.. - 1784                Payamataha                               (d. 1784)
                           - jointly with - 
17.. - 1784                Mincohouma (Mingo Houma) 
1784 - 1794                Taski Etoka 
1794 - 1819                Chinubbee                                (d. 1819)
1819 - 1820?               Chehopieschee
1820 - 1822                Ishtehotopa
Chiefs of the Chickasaw District, Chiefs of the Chickasaw People
1838 -  7 Jan 1839         George Colbert                           (b. 1764 - d. 1839)
1839 - 1844                ....
1844 - 1846                Isaac Alberson (Samuel Seeley)           (d. 1849/51)
1846 - 1848                James McLaughlin                         (b. c.1784 - d. 18..)
1848 - 1850                Edmund Pickens                           (b. 1789 - d. 1868)
1850 - 1856                Daugherty Winchester Colbert             (b. 1810 - d. 1880)
Governors
1856 - 1858                Cyrus H. Harris (1st time)               (b. 1817 - d. 1888)
1858 - 1860                Daugherty Winchester Colbert (1st time)  (s.a.)
1860 - 1862                Cyrus H. Harris (2nd time)               (s.a.)
1862 - 1866                Daugherty Winchester Colbert (2nd time)  (s.a.)
                             (in Texas exile Feb 1864 - 16 Jul 1865)
1864                       Horace Pratt (acting)
1866                       Jackson Kemp (acting)
1866 - 1870                Cyrus H. Harris (3rd time)               (s.a.)
1870 - 1871                William P. Brown                         (b. 1820 - d. 1884)
1871 - 1872                Thomas J. Parker                         (d. 1890)
1872 - 1874                Cyrus H. Harris (4th time)               (s.a.)
1874 - 1878                Benjamin Franklin Overton (1st time)     (b. 1836 - d. 1884)
1878 - 1880                Benjamin Crooks Burney                   (b. 1844 - d. 1892)
1880 -  8 Feb 1884         Benjamin Franklin Overton (2nd time)     (s.a.)
1884 - 1886                Jonas Wolfe (1st time)                   (b. 1828 - d. 1900)
1886 - 1888                William Malcom Guy                       (b. 1845 - d. 1918)
1888 - 1892                William Leander Byrd                     (b. 1844 - d. 1915)
1892 - Jun 1894            Jonas Wolfe (2nd time)                   (s.a.)
Jun 1894 - Oct 1894        Tecumsah A. McClure (acting)             (b. c.1830 - d. ....)
Oct 1894 - Aug 1896        Palmer Simeon Mosely (1st time)          (b. 1851 - d. 1908)
Aug 1896 - 1898            Robert Maxwell Harris                    (b. 1850 - d. 1927)
1898 - 1902                Douglas Henry Johnston (1st time)        (b. 1858 - d. 1939)
1902 - 1904                Palmer Simeon Mosely (2nd time)          (s.a.)
1904 - 26 Apr 1906         Douglas Henry Johnston (2nd time)        (s.a.)
1906                       Peter Maytubby                           (b. 1837 - d. 1907) 
1906 - 26 Jun 1939         Douglas Henry Johnston (3rd time)        (s.a.)
1939 - 23 Feb 1963         Floyd Ernest Maytubby                    (b. 1893 - d. 1963) 
May 1963 - Oct 1963        Hugh Maytubby                            (b. 1892 - d. 1970) 
1963 - 1987                Overton James                            (b. 1925)
1987 -                     Bill Anoatubby                           (b. 1945)

Chickasaw Indian Agents
1794 - 1796                John McKee
1797 - 1806                Samuel Mitchell 
1806 - 1808                William Hill
1808 - 1809                Thomas Wright
 8 Jul 1809 -  3 Jun 1812  James Neelly (or Neeley)
1812 - 1814                James Robertson
1814 - 1818                William Cocke 
Apr 1818 - 1820            Henry Sherburne
Jan 1820 - 1823            Robert C. Nicholas
Dec 1823 - 1829            Benjamin F. Smith 
1829 - 1830                John Allen (acting)
1830 - 1837                Benjamin Reynolds
 9 Mar 1837 - 1851         A.M.M. Upshaw 
1851 - 1852                Kenton Harper 
1852 - 1856                Andrew J. Smith 
1856 - 1874                the Choctaw and Chickasaw Indian Agents
1874 - 1914                the Muskogee Union Agents

Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma

1834 - 1838                Governed by the chiefs of the Moshulatubbee District,
                             the Oklafalaya District, and the Pushmataha District.
1838 - Oct 1857            Governed by the chiefs of the Moshulatubbee District,
                             the Apukshunnubbee District, the Pushmataha District,
                             and the Chickasaw District (s.a.).
 1 Jul 1861                Treaty of alliance with the Confederate States of America.
28 Apr 1866                "Reconstruction" Treaty with U.S.
24 Apr 1906 - Aug 1971     End of national self-government.
Aug 1971                   Restoration of tribal self-government.

Chiefs of Moshulatubbee District
1834 - 1836                Moshulatubbee                      (b. c.1778 - d. 1838)
1836 - 1838                Joseph Kincaid
1838 - 1842                John McKinley
1842 - 1846                Nathaniel Folsom                   (b. 1811 - d. 18..)
1846 - 1850                Peter Folsom                       (d. 1885)
1850 - 1854                Cornelius McCurtain                (b. 1803 - d. 1871)
1854 - Oct 1857            David McCoy
Chief of Oklafalaya District
1834 - 1838                Thomas LeFlore                     (b. 1792 - d. c.1850)
Chiefs of Apukshunnubbee District
1838 - 1842                James Fletcher
1842 - 1850                Thomas LeFlore                     (s.a.)
1850 - Oct 1857            George Washington Harkins          (b. 1810 - d. 1861)
Chiefs of Pushmataha District
1834 - 1838                Nitukechi (1st time)               (d. 1846)
1838 - 1841                Pierre Juzan                       (b. 1805 - d. 1841)
1841 - 1846                Isaac Folsom
1846                       Nitukechi (2nd time)               (s.a.)
1846 - 1850                Silas D. Fisher
1850 - 1854                George Folsom
1854 - Oct 1857            Nicholas Cochnauer
Governors
Oct 1857 - 1858            Alfred Wade                        (b. 1811 - d. 1878)
1857 - Oct 1859            Tandy C. Walker                    (b. 1814 - d. 1877)
Oct 1859 -  1 Oct 1860     Basil LeFlore                      (b. 1810 - d. 1886)
Principal chiefs
 1 Oct 1860 -  6 Oct 1862  George Hudson                      (b. 1808 - d. 1865)
 6 Oct 1862 -  3 Oct 1864  Samuel Garland                     (b. 1803 - d. 1870)
 3 Oct 1864 -  1 Oct 1866  Peter Perkins Pitchlynn            (b. 1806 - d. 1881)
 1 Oct 1866 -  3 Oct 1870  Allen Wright                       (b. 1826 - d. 1885)
 3 Oct 1870 -  5 Oct 1874  William J. Bryant 
 5 Oct 1874 -  7 Oct 1878  Coleman Cole                       (b. c.1800 - d. 1886)
 7 Oct 1878 - Feb 1880     Isaac Levi Garvin                  (b. 1832 - d. 1880)
Feb 1880 -  6 Oct 1884     Jackson Frazier McCurtain          (b. 1830 - d. 1885)
                             (acting to 3 Oct 1880)
 6 Oct 1884 -  3 Oct 1886  Edmund McCurtain                   (b. 1842 - d. 1890)
 3 Oct 1886 -  1 Oct 1888  Thompson McKinney                  (b. c.1837 - d. 1889)
 1 Oct 1888 -  6 Oct 1890  Benjamin Franklin Smallwood        (b. 1829 - d. 1891)
 6 Oct 1890 -  1 Oct 1894  Wilson Nathaniel Jones             (b. 1831 - d. 1901)
 1 Oct 1894 -  5 Oct 1896  Jefferson Gardner                  (b. 1847 - d. 1906)
 5 Oct 1896 -  1 Oct 1900  Green McCurtain (1st time)         (b. 1848 - d. 1910)
 1 Oct 1900 -  6 Oct 1902  Gilbert W. Dukes                   (b. 1849 - d. 1919)
 6 Oct 1902 - 1910         Green McCurtain (2nd time)         (s.a.)
1910 - 1918                Victor Locke, Jr.                  (b. 1876 - d. 1929)
1918 - 1922                William Finley Sample              (b. 1883 - d. 1969)
1922 - 25 Sep 1929         William Henry Harrison             (b. 1876 - d. 1929)
1929 - 1936                Ben H. Dwight                      (b. 1890 - d. 1953)
1937 -  1 Aug 1948         William A. Durrant                 (b. 1866 - d. 1948)
1948 - 1975                Harry J.W. Belvin                  (b. 1900 - d. 1986)
26 Aug 1975 - 13 Jan 1978  C. David Gardner                   (b. 1940 - d. 1978)
Chiefs
Apr 1978 - 1997            Hollis E. Roberts                  (b. 1943 - d. 2011)
 9 Jun 1997 -              Gregory E. Pyle                    (b. 1949) 

Choctaw Indian Agents
1799 - 1802                John McKee (1st time)
1802 - 1814                Silas Dinsmoor 
1814 - 1821                John McKee (2nd time)
1821 - 1822                William Ward (1st time)
1822 - 182.                Edmund Fulsom 
1825 - 1831                William Ward (2nd time)
1832 - 1835                F.W. Armstrong 
1835 - 1846                William Armstrong 
1846 - 1850?               Samuel Rutherford
 9 Sep 1850 - 1851         John Drennen
1851 - 1854                William Wilson
1854 - 1856                Douglas H. Cooper
Choctaw and Chickasaw Indian Agents
1856 - 1861                Douglas H. Cooper
1861 - 1862                Richard P. Pulliam
1862 - 1866                Isaac Coleman 
Dec 1866 - 1870            Martin W. Chollar
1870 - 1873                Theophilus D. Griffith
1873 - 1874                Albert Parsons
1874 - 1914                the Muskogee Union Agents

Citizen Potawatomi Nation

Comanchee Nation

                   Adopted c.1991

....                      Comanchee Nation of Oklahoma federally recognized.

Delaware Nation

 5 Jul 1958                Delaware Tribe of Western Oklahoma federally recognized.
Nov 1999                   Name changed to Delaware Nation.

President
2006 -                     Kerry Holton

Eastern Shawnee Tribe of Oklahoma



Jul 1831                   Shawnee of Ohio relocated to Oklahoma.
1832                       United Nation of Senecas and Shawnees
1867                       Eastern Shawnee Tribe of Oklahoma
26 Jun 1936                Federal recognition.

Chief
 6 Dec 2006  -             Glenna J. Wallace (f)

Fort Sill Apache

Iowa Nation of Oklahoma



Chairmen
2004 - 2006                E. Bernadette Huber (f)
2006 - 17 Jul 2009         Christie L. Modlin (f)
17 Jul 2009 -              Janice Rowe-Kurak (f)

Miami Tribe of Oklahoma

1846                       Tribe removed from Great Lakes region to Kansas.
1867                       Tribe removed to Oklahoma.
10 Oct 1939                Miami Tribe of Oklahoma

Chiefs
c.1962                     Harley Palmer
1974 - 1982                Floyd E. Leonard (1st time)        (b. 1925 - d. 2008)
1982 - 1989                ....
1989 -  7 Mar 2008         Floyd E. Leonard (2nd time)        (s.a.)
2008 -                     Thomas E. Gamble

1836 - Dec 1867            Divided into the Lower Towns and the Upper Towns.
 1 Jul 1861                Lower Creeks sign treaty of alliance with the Confederate States.
14 Jun 1866                "Reconstruction" Treaty with U.S.
24 Apr 1906                End of national self-government.
1971                       Restoration of tribal self-government.

Principal chiefs of the Lower Towns
1836 - 1837                Heneha Micco
1837 - 1859                Roderick McIntosh "Roley McIntosh"
1859 - 1863                Motey Canard "Motey Kinnard"       (b. c.1790 - d. 186.)
1863 - Dec 1867            Samuel Checote                     (b. 1819 - d. 1884)
Principal chiefs of the Upper Towns
1836 - 18..                Nehathlucco Hopoie "Little Doctor"
1861 - 27 Mar 1863         Hupuihilth Yahola "Opothle Yahola" (b. c.1780 - d. 1863)
                            (in opposition to Confederate sympathizers;
                             from Dec 1861 in Kansas exile)
18.. - 18..                Tamarthla Micco
18.. - 1859                Tuckabatchee Micco (1st time)
1859 - 1863                Echo Harjo
1863 - 1865                Tuckabatchee Micco (2nd time)
1865 - Dec 1867            Oktarharsars Harjo "Sands"         (d. 1872)
                            (already proclaimed 5 Aug 1861)
Principal chiefs
Dec 1867 - Dec 1875        Samuel Checote (1st time)          (s.a.)
Dec 1875 -  5 Dec 1876     Lochar Harjo                       (d. 1879)
 5 Dec 1876 -  6 Dec 1879  Ward Coachman                      (b. 1823 - d. 1884)
 6 Dec 1879 -  5 Dec 1883  Samuel Checote (2nd time)          (s.a.)
 5 Dec 1883 - Dec 1887     Joseph Moses Perryman              (b. 1833 - d. 1896)
Dec 1887 - 25 Nov 1895     Legus C. Perryman                  (b. 1838 - d. 1922)
25 Nov 1895 -  5 Dec 1895  Hotulke Emarthla "Edward Bullet"
 5 Dec 1895 - Dec 1899     Isparhecher                        (b. 1858 - d. 1902)
Dec 1899 - 1907            Pleasant Porter                    (b. 1840 - d. 1907)
1907 - 1917                Moty Tiger                         (b. 1840 - d. 1921)
1917 -  2 Dec 1920         George Washington Grayson          (b. 1843 - d. 1920)
                             "Wolf Warrior"
1921 - 1923                Washington Grayson                 (b. 1883 - d. 19..)
1923 - 1928                George W. Hill
1928 - 1935                Vacant
1930  (1 day)              Henry Harjo
1930 - 1931                Vacant
1931  (1 day)              Peter Ewings
1931 - 1935                Vacant
1935 - 1939                Roley Canard (1st time)
1939 - 1943                Alex Noon 
1943 - 1951                Roley Canard (2nd time)
1951 - 1955                John Davis
1955 - 1957                Roley Buck
1957 - 1961                Turner Bear                        (b. 1904 - d. 1972)
1961 - 1971                Waldo E. "Dode" McIntosh           (b. 1891 - d. 1992) 
1971 - 1991                Claude A. Cox 
1991 - 1995                Bill Fife 
1996 -                     R. Perry Beaver

Creek Indian Agents
1790 - 1796                James Seagrove
1796 - Jun 1816            Benjamin Hawkins
1816 - 1821                David Brady Mitchell
1821 - 1836                John Crowell (for Eastern Creek)
1827 - 1830                David Brearley (for Western Creek)
1830 - 1834                John Campbell (for Western Creek) 
1834 - 1836                Leonard Tarrant (for Western Creek) 
29 Aug 1836 -  8 Mar 1837  Francis Audrain
 8 Mar 1837 - 23 Feb 1838  John W.A. Sanford
23 Feb 1838 - 16 May 1842  James Logan (1st time)
16 May 1842 -  8 Jun 1844  James L. Dawson 
 8 Jun 1844 -  5 Apr 1849  James Logan (2nd time)
 5 Apr 1849 - 1854         Philip H. Raiford
18 Apr 1853 - Jul 1861     William H. Garrett 
                             (to 1863? for the Confederate States) 
1861 - Jul 1861            William Quesenbury
16 Jul 1861 - 1865            George A. Cutler
May 1863 - 1865            Israel G. Vore
                             (for the Confederate States) 
 9 Jun 1865 - 1869         James W. Dunn (acting to May 1866)
15 Jul 1869 - 1871         F.A. Field
23 Jan 1871 - Apr 1873     Francis S. Lyons
 9 Apr 1873 - 1874         Edward S. Roberts (acting) 
Muskogee Union Agents
1874                       John Buttrick Jones (acting)       (b. 1824 - d. 1876) 
1874 - 1876                George W. Ingalls                  (b. 1838 - d. 1920)
1876                       J.J. Upham
1876 - 1879                Sylvester W. Marston
1879 - 1885                John Q. Tufts
1885 - 1889                Robert Latham Owen                 (b. 1856 - d. 1947)
1889 - 1893                Leo E. Bennet                      (b. 1857 - d. ....)
1893 - 1899                Dew Moore Wisdom                   (b. 1836 - d. ....)
1899 - 1905                J. Blair Shoenfelt                 (b. 1859 - d. 19..)
1905 - 1914                Dana H. Kelsey

Otoe-Missouria

Ottawa Tribe of Oklahoma

1936                       Federal recognition.  
1956                       Federal recognition terminated.
15 May 1978                Federal recognition restored.

Pawnee of Oklahoma

                        Adopted 1977

1875                       Most of the Pawnee are moved to Oklahoma.
1936                       Federal recognition.

Presidents
2007 - 2011                George E. Howell
21 May 2011 -              Marshall Gover

Peoria of Oklahoma

10 Oct 1939                Peoria Tribe of Indians of Oklahoma.
 2 Aug 1959                Federal recognition terminated.
15 May 1978                Federal recognition reinstated.

Quapaw (Ogahpah) Tribe of Oklahoma

Sac and Fox Nations of Oklahoma

1937                       Sac and Fox Nations of Oklahoma federally recognized.

 1 Jul 1861                Treaty of alliance with the Confederate States of America
                             divided the Seminole nation.
21 Mar 1866                "Reconstruction" Treaty with U.S.
24 Apr 1906 - 1935         End of national-self government.
1970                       Tribal government reorganized (Seminole Nation of Oklahoma).

Principal chiefs
1826 – Nov 1833            John Hicks "Tuckose Emathla"       (b. c.1774 – d. 1833)
1833 - Jan 1841            Mikanopi                           (d. 1849)
Jan 1841 - c.1849          Miconnutcharsar "Jim Jumper"       (d. c.1849)
c.1849 - 1865              John Jumper (1st time)             (b. c.1820 - d. 1896)
                            (pro-Confederate chief 1861 - 1865;
                             continues in rebellion to 1875)
1866 - Mar 1881            John Chupco                        (b. c.1821 - d. 1881)
                            (pro-U.S. chief; in Kansas exile
                             1861 - 1865)
Mar 1881 - 1882            Hulputta Che
Jul 1882 - 1885            John Jumper (2nd time)             (s.a.)
1885 - 1901                John Frippo Brown -Governor        (b. 1842 - d. 1919)
                             (1st time)
1901 - 1905                Hulputta Micco                     (b. 18.. - d. 1905)
1905 - 1919                John Frippo Brown (2nd time)       (s.a.)
                             (Governor to 26 Apr 1906)
1919 - 1922                Interregnum
Chiefs
1922 - 21 Jun 1935         Alice Brown Davis (f)              (b. 1852 - d. 1935)
1935 - 1936                Chilli Fish
1936 - 1942                George Jones
1942 - 1944                Willie Haney
1944 - 1948                Jeffie Brown 
Jun 1948 – Aug 1948        Wattie Gibbs
1948 - Dec 1952            George Harjo                       (b. 1886 - d. 1952) 
Dec 1952 - Jul 1954        Marci Cully                        (b. 1910 - d. ....)
1955 - 1959                Philip Walker
1960 - 1969                John A. Brown 
1969 - 1972                Terry Walker
1972 - 1973                Floyd L. Harjo                     (b. 1911 - d. 2001)
1973 - 1977                Edwin Tanyan (1st time)            (b. 1925 - d. 1996)
1977 - 1978                Richmond Tiger
1978 - 1981                Tom Palmer
1981 - 1985                James N. Milam                     (b. 1929 - d. 2005)
1985 - 1989                Edwin Tanyan (2nd time)            (s.a.)
1989 - 2001                Jerry G. Haney
 1 Sep 2001 - Sep 2005     Kenneth Edward Chambers
Sep 2005 - Sep 2009        Enoch Kelley Haney                 (b. 1940)
 5 Sep 2009 -              Leonard M. Harjo                   (b. 1958?)

Seminole Indian Agents
 3 Mar 1821 - Sep 1821     Jean Penières
28 Sep 1821 - May 1822     John R. Bell
 8 May 1822 - 1830         Gad Humphrey 
Mar 1830 - 1833            John Phagan 
29 Aug 1833 - 28 Dec 1835  Wiley Thompson                     (d. 1835)
1836 - 1838?               William S. Pope
1838? - 1842               ....
19 Jan 1842 - Oct 1842     John McKee
29 Oct 1842 - Jun 1845     Thomas L. Judge
Jun 1845 - Apr 1853        Marcellus Duval 
26 Apr 1853 - Apr 1854     Bryant H. Smithson 
20 Apr 1854 - Nov 1857     Josiah W. Washbourne
 5 Nov 1857 - 1861         Samuel Morton Rutherford
                             (1861 - 186. for the Confederate States) 
13 Jul 1861                William P. Davis (did not serve)
 7 Jan 1862 - 1865         George C. Snow 
1862 - 1865                Joseph Samuel Murrow               (b. 1835 - d. 1929)
                             (for the Confederate States)
18 Mar 1865 - Jun 1869     George A. Reynolds 
23 Jun 1869 - Oct 1870     Theodor A. Baldwin
24 Oct 1870  - 1874        Henry F. Breiner
1874 - 1914                the Muskogee Union Agents

United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee 

29 Apr 1859                Keetoowah Society in Oklahoma organized.
 9 Jun 1939                Society reorganized as United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians.
10 Aug 1946                Federal recognition granted.
 3 Oct 1950                Constitution ratified.

Wyandotte of Oklahoma

1937                       Wyandotte Tribe of Oklahoma
 1 Aug 1956                Wyandotte Tribe of Oklahoma's federal recognition terminated.
15 May 1978                Federal recognition restored.
1995                       Wyandotte Nation of Oklahoma acquires self-governance status
                             from the Bureau of Indian Affairs.

Principal Chiefs
1936                       Allen Johnson
1936 - 1942                Leonard Cotter (1st time)
1944 - 1947                Sam Long
1947 - 1948                Mont Cotter (1st time)
1948 - 1954                Leonard Cotter (2nd time)
1954 - 1962                Lawrence Zane
1963 - 1976                Leonard Cotter (3rd time)
1976 - 1978                Mont Cotter (2nd time)
1978 - 1983                Phillip Peacock
1983 -                     Leaford Bearskin                 (b. 1921)

                     Adopted 1995/96

 9 Nov 1855                 Coast, Siletz, and Alsea Reservations, where they were to form
                              a single unified tribe.
1935                        Federal recognition.
20 Jul 1956                 Federal recognition terminated.
18 Nov 1977                 Confederated Tribes of Siletz federal status restored.

1938                       Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs federally recognized.

Chairmen 
1938 - 18 Jul 1942         George Meachem, Sr.              (d. 1942)
 3 Aug 1942 - 1944         Isaac McKinley
1944 - 1947                Charles Jackson (1st time)
1947 - 1953                Avex Miller, Sr. (1st time)
1953 - 1956                Charles Jackson (2nd time)
1956 - 1959                Avex Miller, Sr. (2nd time)
1959 - 1962                Charles Jackson (3rd time)
1962 - 1965                Edwin Scott 
1965 - 1968                Olney Patt, Sr. (1st time)
1968 - 1971                Grant Waheneka 
1971 - 1974                Olney Patt, Sr. (2nd time)
1974 - 1977                Zane Jackson (1st time)
1977 - 1980                Eugene Greene 
1980 - 1983                Delbert Frank, Sr. 
1983 - 1992                Zane Jackson (2nd time)
1992 - 1995                Raymond Calica, Sr. 
1995 - 1998                Bruce Brunoe, Sr. 
1998 - 13 Jun 2003         Olney Patt, Jr.
13 Jun 2003 - 2004         Garland Brunoe
2004 - 2010                Ronald Suppah, Sr. 
2010 -                     Stanley "Buck" Smith, Jr.

Narragansett Indian Tribe

1880/84                    Rhode Island illegally detribalized the Narragansett.
Dec 1934                   Narragansett Tribe of Indians incorporated.
11 Apr 1983                Narragansett Indian Tribe of Rhode Island granted federal
                             recognition.

Chief Sachem
1997 -                     Matthew Thomas "Seventh Hawk"

 2 Mar 1889                Cheyenne River Indian Reservation established.
27 Dec 1935                Cheyenne River Reservation Sioux Tribe of Indians, federal
                             recognition.

                       Adopted 1994
 

1934                       Flandreau Santee Sioux Tribe of South Dakota federally
                             recognized.

Oglala Sioux

17..                       Seven Fires Confederacy
1825                       Under U.S. protection (Great Sioux Nation).
29 Apr 1868                Great Sioux Reservation created by Treaty of Fort Laramie.
 2 Mar 1889                Divided into five reservations, the largest being the
                             Pine Ridge Reservation.
18 Jun 1934                Oglala Sioux Tribe federally recognzied.

1795                       The Coushattas come to the Big Thicket area of East Texas.
1805                       Approximately 1,000 Alabamas come to Tyler County's Peach
                             Tree Village.
1854                       Tribal reservation granted to the Alabama-Coushatta tribe 
                             in Texas.
19 Aug 1938                Alabama-Coushatta granted federal recognition.
 1 Jan 1955                Federal government ends recognition.  
18 Aug 1987                Federal recognition restored.

Chiefs
.... - c.1838              Long King
c.1838 - 18..              Tempe
18.. - 1871                Long Tom
1871 -  3 Mar 1913         John Scott                      (b. 1805 - d. 1913)
1913 - 1928                Vacant
1928 -  8 Sep 1935         Charles Martin Thompson         (b. 1860 - d. 1935)
1935 - 1936                Mikko-Se Hotkas Clem Fain, Jr.
                             (acting)
 1 Jan 1936 - 23 Feb 1969  Bronson Cooper Sylestine        (b. 1879 - d. 1969)
                             (Tic-Ca-Che)
23 Feb 1969 -  9 Feb 1994  Robert Fulton Battise (Kina)    (b. 1909 - d. 1994)
                             (acting to 1 Jun 1970)
 9 Feb 1994 -              Clayton M. Sylestine (Oscola)   (b. 1932)
                             (acting to 1 Jan 1995)

Skull Valley Band of Goshute Indians of Utah

Ute Indian Tribe of the Uintah & Ouray Reservation

1864                       Uinta Valley Reservation for the Indians of Utah.
1937                       Ute Indian Tribe of the Uintah and Ouray Indian Reservation.

Abenaki, St. Francis-Sokoki Band

                    Adopted 24 Jul 1991

1974                       Tribal government organized.
1976                       St. Francis/Sokoki Band of Abenakis recognized by Vermont.
1977                       Recognition rescinded.

Chiefs
1974                       Wayne Hoague 
1974 - 1980                Homer St. Francis (1st time)    (b. 1935 - d. 2001)
1980 - 1987                Leonard "Blackie" Lampman
1987 -  7 Jul 2001         Homer St. Francis (2nd time)    (s.a.)
1996 -                     April St. Francis Rushlow
                             Merrill (f) (acting to 2001)

Puyallup

16 Dec 1854                Puyallup Indian Reservation in Washington states created.
1936                       Federal recognition.

Chairman
.... -                     Herman Dillon, Sr.                 (b. 1931)

                      Adopted 1981

Jan 1881                    Spokane Reservation established.
1935                        Federal recognition.
May 1951                    Tribal constitution approved.

Yakama Nation Confederated Bands and Tribes

18 Apr 1859                Yakima Indian Reservation created for Confederated Tribes and
                             Bands of the Yakima Nation.
1933                       Confederated Tribes and Bands of the Yakima Nation.
1994                       Original spelling "Yakama" reintroduced.   

30 Apr 1961                Recognition terminated.
23 Dec 1973                Federal recognition restored.

Head chiefs
.... - 1804                Glode                           (d. 1804)
1804 - 1818                Tomau (or Tomah)                (d. 1818)
1827 - 1858                Oshkosh                         (d. 1858)
1858 - 1875                Akwine'me                       (d. 1875)
1875 - 1890                Neopit                          (d. 1913)
1890 - 1979                Post abolished
Chairmen
1979 - 1980                Gordon Dickie Sr. (1st time)
1980 - 1981                Lucille Chapman (f)(1st time)
1981 - 1982                Gordon Dickie Sr. (2nd time)
1982 - 1983                Lucille Chapman (f)(2nd time)
1983 - 1984                Gordon Dickie Sr. (3rd time)
1984 - 1985                Apesanahkwat (1st time)
1985 - 1986                Lynn Shenadore 
1986 - 1987                Gordon Dickie Sr. (4th time)
1987 - 1988                Lucille Chapman (f)(4th time)
1988 - 1989                Apesanahkwat (2nd time)
1990 - 1991                Gordon Dickie Sr. (5th time)
1991 - 1994                Glen T. Milller 
1995 - 1996                John H. Teller 
1997 - 2001                Apesanahkwat (3rd time)
2002 - 2003                Lisa S. Waukau (f) (1st time)
2003 - 2004                Joan R. Delabreau (f)
2005 - 2006                Michael Chapman
2006 - 2007                Karen Washinawatok (f)
2007 - 2011                Lisa S. Waukau (f) (2nd time)
2011 -                     Randal Chevalier

Arapaho Northern Tribe of Wyoming

                   Adopted 15 Jun 1956

First Nations of Canada
 

Contents:  Assembly of First Nations - Abegweit - Ahtahkakoop - Akwesasne - Blood - Buffalo Point - Chisasibi - Cross Lake - Eskasoni - Garden Hill - Kahnawake - Ktaqmkuk - Lac La Ronge - Lennox Island - Miqmaq - Muskeg Lake - Norway House - Peguis - Peter Ballantyne - Saddle Lake - Samson Cree- Siksika - Six Nations - Stoney Nakoda -

Note: In 2003, there were 633 Native American tribal entities (First Nations, or formally, Indian Bands) recognized by Canada under the Constitution Act, treaties, statutes and court decisions as "self-governing aboriginal nations within Canada." They have formal government-to-government relations with the Crown, enjoy limited internal self-government and administer their territories, the Indian Reserves. Currently this page lists only the nations 
with on-reserve membership over 3,000. More data will be added as information becomes available. 

                        AFN Logo

1968                       National Indian Brotherhood (NIB) established.
1982                       Assembly of First Nations (AFN) created as the national
                             aboriginal lobbying organization on First Nations issues. 

National Chiefs
1968 - 1970                Walter Dieter                 (b. 1916 - d. 1988) 
                             (Peepeekisis Cree, Saskatchewan)
1970 - 1976                George Manuel                 (b. 1921 - d. 1989) 
                             (Shuswap Nation, British Colombia)
1976 - 1980                Noel Starblanket              (b. 1947?)
                             (Starblanket Cree, Saskatchewan)
1980 - 1982                Delbert Riley 
                             (Chippewas of Thames, Ontario)
1982 - 30 Jul 1985         David Ahenakew                (b. 1933 - d. 2010)
                             (Ahtahkakoop Cree, Saskatchewan)
30 Jul 1985 - 1991         George Erasmus                (b. 1949)
                             (Dene Nation, NWT)
1991 - 1997                Ovide Mercredi                (b. 1946)
                             (Grand Rapids Cree, Manitoba)
30 Jul 1997 - Jul 2000     Phil Fontaine (1st time)      (b. 1944)
                             (Sagkeeng Nation, Manitoba)
Jul 2000 - 16 Jul 2003     Matthew Coon Come             (b. 1956)
                             (Mistissini Cree, Quebec)
16 Jul 2003 - 23 Jul 2009  Phil Fontaine (2nd time)      (s.a.)
                             (Sagkeeng Nation, Manitoba)
23 Jul 2009 -              Shawn A-in-chut Atleo         (b. 1967)
                             (Ahousaht Nation, British Columbia)

1972                       Abegweit Band, covering Morell, Rocky Point and Scotchfort Reserves
                             on Prince Edward Island, secedes from the Lennox Island Band.
1970's                     Abegweit First Nation.

Chiefs
1973 - 1999                George James "Jim" Sark
1999 - 2003                Francis Jadis
 8 Aug 2003 - Aug 2008     Roderick "Roddy" Gould
Aug 2008 -                 Brian Francis

1752                       Settlement (St. Regis) by the Christian Mohawk 
                             emigrants from Caughnawaga.
1783                       Formally separated from Caughnawaga, member of the
                             Seven Nations of Canada.
1794                       Split by the U.S.-Canada border.
1802                       U.S. portion administratively separated.
1847                       St. Regis Reserve organized.
1899                       St. Regis Band Council created.
1988                       Renamed Akwesasne.

Chiefs
1783 - 1899                Council of Chiefs
1899 - 1984                ....
1984 - 1994                Michael Mitchell (1st time)
1994 - 2000                Russell B. Roundpoint
2000                       Raymond Mitchell (acting) (1st time)
2000 - 2002                Michael Mitchell (2nd time)
2002 - 21 Jun 2003         Raymond Mitchell (2nd time)
21 Jun 2003 -              Angie Barnes (f) 

17..                       Member of the Blackfoot Confederacy.
1877                       Signs the Treaty No.7 (Blood Band).

Chiefs
1870 - 1900                Mi'kai'stowa "Red Crow"       (b. 1830 - d. 1900)
1900 - 1913                .... "Crop Eared Wolf"        (b. 1846 - d. 1913)
1913 - 1980                ....
1980 - 1996                Roy Fox
1996 - 2004                Christopher Shade
2004 -                     Charles Weasel Head

1873                       Buffalo Point Reserve established for the Buffalo Point Band 
                             by Treaty No. 3 in Manitoba.
1970's                     Buffalo Point First Nation.

Chiefs
1873 - 1900                Ayashawath                     (d. 1900)
1900 - 1906                Little Thunder                 (d. 1906)
1906 - 1941                Jim "Old" Thunder              (d. 1941)
1941 - 1969                Warren "Shorty" Thunder        (d. 1972)
1969 - 1997                James "Jim" Thunder
1997 -                     John Thunder

1962                       Fort George Reserve
1975                       Signs the James Bay and Northern Quebec 
                             Agreement (Fort George Band).
19..                       Renamed Chisasibi.

Chiefs
19.. - 1989                ....
1989 - 1995                Violet Pachanos (f)(1st time)
1995 - 1999                Charles Bobbish
1999 - 2001                Violet Pachanos (2nd time)
2001 -                     Abraham Rupert

1875                       Signs the Treaty No.5 (Cross Lake Band).

Chiefs
1875                       Donald William Sinclair Ross
                             (Tapastanum)
1908                       Daniel Miswagon
19.. - 1989                ....
1989 - 1999                Sydney B. Garrioch
1999 -                     John M. Miswagon               (b. 1964)

....                       Micmac Confederacy.
1610                       Treaty with the French.
1726                       Treaty with the British.
1744 - 1752                French ally.
1755 - 1761                French ally.
1832                       Eskasoni Reserve organized.
1958                       Eskasoni Band Council created.

Grand Chiefs
1752                       Jean Baptiste Cope
Chiefs
1958 - 1978                ....
1978 - 1980                Allison M. Bernard (1st time)
1980 - 1982                ....
1982 - 2002                Allison M. Bernard (2nd time)
2002 -                     Blair S. Francis

1909                       Adherence to the Treaty No. 5 (Island Lake Band).
1969                       Split into four bands, the largest 
                             is the Garden Hill Band.

Chiefs
1909                       George Knott
19.. - 1994                Geordie Little
1994 - 1996                Jack Fiddler
1996 - 1998                Harvey Fiddler
1998 - 2000                David Harper
2000 - 2002                Darcy Wood
2002 -                     Russell Harper

1667                       Settlement (La Prairie) by the Christian Mohawk emigrants
                             from present-day New York.
1680                       French land grant at Sault St. Louis (later named Caughnawaga).
174.                       Seven Nations of Canada formed; the Grand Council of
                             the Confederacy located at Caughnawaga.
1760                       Treaty with the British.
1853                       Caughnawaga Reserve organized.
1889                       Caughnawaga Band Council created.
1980                       Renamed Kahnawake.

Grand Chiefs
16.. - 1889                Council of Chiefs
1889 - 1959                ....
1959                       Matthew Lazare
1960 - 1980                Andrew T. Delisle
1980 -  3 Jul 2004         Joseph Tokwiro Norton
 3 Jul 2004 -              Michael Ahrirhon Delisle       (b. 1965)

Chiefs (Saqamaw)
.... - c. 12 Dec 1842      Michel Agathe                  (d c.1842)
21 Jul 1860 - 1880         Maurice Louis                  (d. 1880)
1880 - 1900                Joe Bernard                    (b. 1812 - d. 1900)
1900 -  1 Dec 1918         Lupe'n                         (b. 1852 - d. 1918)
 26 Jul 1919 - 1945        Newell Jeddore Gietol          (b. 1865 - d. 1944)
1945 - 1980                Vacant
1945                       Antel (refused office)         (b. 1889 - d. 1960)
1945 - 1954                Joe Jeddore (acting)           (b. 1883 - d. 1956) 
1954 - 1971                Piel (Peter Jeddore)           (b. 1892 - d. 1971)
                             (acting)
1973 - 1974                John N. Jeddore                (b. 1922)
1974 - 1975                Walter John                    (b. 1926)
1975 - Dec 1982            William Joe                    (b. 1925 - d. 1982)
 7 Jan 1983 -              Mise’l Joe
                             (from 1987 also, Administrative Saqamaw)

11 Feb 1889                Adherence to the Treaty No. 6 (James Roberts Band).
1910                       James Roberts Band split into two Bands.
1950                       Bands amalgamated and became as the Lac La Ronge Indian Band.

Chiefs of James Roberts Band (La Ronge, Sask.)
1888 - 1901                James Roberts
1901 - 1910                Amos Charles
1910 - 1946                Joseph Charles
1946 - 1950                Moses Ratt 
Chiefs of the Amos Charles Band (Stanley Mission, Sask.)
1910 - 1930                Amos Charles
1930 - 1945                Walter McKenzie
1945 - 1950                Nehemiah Charles
Chiefs of the Lac La Ronge Indian Band 
1950 - 1955                Moses Ratt 
                           - jointly with -
1950 - 1955                Nehemiah Charles
1955 - 1967                Vacant
1967 - 1969                Isaiah Charles
1969 - 1971                John Cook
1971 - 1983                James Myles Venne (1st time)
1983 - 1985                Thomas "Tom" McKenzie
1985 - 1987                James Myles Venne (2nd time)
1987 - 31 May 2005         Harry D. Cook
31 May 2005 -              Tammy Cook-Searson (f)

1846                       Morell Reserve established for the Prince Edward Island Band 
                             (later renamed the Lennox Island Band).
1870                       Lennox Island Reserve added.
1879                       Scotchfort Reserve added.
1913                       Rocky Point Reserve added.
1972                       Abegweit Band, covering Morell, Rocky Point and Scotchfort
                             Reserves secedes.
1970's                     Lennox Island First Nation.

Chiefs
1910 - 1930                John Thomas Sark
1930 - 1960                Jacob Sark
1960 - 1962                Mary Bernard (f)
1962 - 1964                Frank Jadis
1964 - 1966                Raymond Lewis
1966 - 1970                James Sark
1970 - 1972                George James "Jim" Sark
1972 - 1998                Jack J.T. Sark
1998 - 2001                Charles "Charlie" Sark
2001 -                     Darlene Bernard (f)            (b. 1962)

Chiefs
bf.188. - 1918             John Denny, Jr. 
1918 - May 1964            Gabriel Sillyboy 
Jun 1964 - 25 Aug 1991     Donald Marshall 
Sep 1991 -                 Ben Sylliboy 
                             (acting to 1992)

1876                       Kitowehow Reserve established for the Kitowehow Band by the
                             Treaty No. 6 in present-day Saskatchewan.
1880                       Petequakey Band and Reserve.
1920                       Muskeg Lake Band and Reserve.
1970's                     Muskeg Lake Cree Nation.

Chiefs
1876 - 1880                Alexandre Cayen (Kitowehow)    (b. 1834 - d. 1886)
1880 - 1889                Isidore Cayen (Petequakey)     (b. 1845 - d. 1889)
1889 - 1900                Vacant
1900 - 1914                Jean Baptiste Lafond           (b. 1853 - d. 1917)
1915 - 1917                George H. Greyeyes             (b. 1875 - d. 1917)
1917 - 1920                Vacant
1920 - 1932                Andrew Lafond                  (b. 1880 - d. 1952)
1933 - 1956                Joseph Ledoux                  (b. 1877 - d. 1956)
1956 - 1958                Emile Venne                    (b. 1918 - d. 1999)
1958 - 1959                David Georges Greyeyes         (b. 1914 - d. 1996)
1959 - 1960                Louis O. "Meskanas" Arcand     (b. 1898 - d. 1992)
                             (acting)
1960 - 1962                Alphonsine "Alpha" Lafond (f)  (b. 1926)
1962 - 1964                Joseph Greyeyes                (b. 1905 - d. 1990)
1964 - 1972                Frederick "Sonny" Lafond       (b. 1931 - d. 1989)
                             (1st time) 
1972 - 1974                Richard "Dickie" Greyeyes      (b. 1930)
1974 - 1978                Frederick "Sonny" Lafond       (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
1978 - 1982                Leonard Ledoux                 (b. 1943)
1982 - 1989                Wallace Tawpisim               (b. 1951)
1989 - 1990                David Lafond (acting)
1990 - 2000                Harry James Lafond             (b. 1949)
2000 -                     Gilbert Ledoux

1875                       Local Cree Sign the Treaty No. 5 (Norway House Band).

Chiefs
18.. - 1877                David Rundle
1908                       Sandy Sanders
19.. - 1996                Alan James Ross
1996 - Aug 2005            Ron Evan
Aug 2005 - 16 Mar 2006     Fred Muskego (acting)
16 Mar 2006 -              Marcel Balfour

                  Adopted 1990's

1817                       Treaty with the British
1871                       St. Peter's Reserve established for the St. Peter's Band 
                             by Treaty No. 1 in Manitoba.
1909                       Renamed Peguis Band.

Chiefs
1791 - 1864                William King (Peehquaais)      (b. 1774 - d. 1864)
1864 - 1882                Henry Prince (Miskookeenew) 
                             (1st time)
1882 - 1888                William Prince (1st time)
1888 - 1891                Henry Prince (2nd time)
1891 - 1897                William Asham
1897 - 1902                Henry Prince (3rd time)
1902 - 1911                William Prince (2nd time)
1911 - 1917                Albert Rose
1917 - 1923                William Pahkoo
1923 - 1926                Thomas John Stevenson
1926 - 1929                Fred Thomas
1929 - 1932                Alex Greyeyes
1932 - 1935                Robert Sinclair
1935 - 1941                Nathaniel Asham (1st time)
1941 - 1944                Albert Edward Prince
1944 - 1947                Alex Williams                  (d. 1947)
1947 - 1953                Nathaniel Asham (2nd time)
1953 - 1955                Alex Sinclair
1955 - 1961                Campbell Sutherland
1961 - 1973                Albert Edward Thompson         (d. 1973)
1973 - 1981                Jack Sinclair
1981 -                     Louis John Stevenson

1895                       Peter Ballantyne and 7 other families of Ballantyne were 
                             paid annuities under James Roberts Band.
1900                       Split from Lac La Ronge Band (Peter Ballantyne Cree).

Chiefs
1900 - 19..                Peter Ballantyne
1940                       Joe Highway
19.. - 2001                Ronald Michel
2001 - 30 Nov 2005         Susan Custer (f)
30 Nov 2005 -              Harold Linklater

18..                       Onchaminahos and Seenum Bands members of the 
                             Plains Cree Confederacy.
1876                       Signs Treaty No. 6.
1902                       Both bands amalgamated (Saddle Lake Band), but
                             reserves administered separately. 

Chiefs of Saddle Lake (originally Onchaminahos) Band
18.. - 1880                Onchaminahos "Little Hunter"    (b. 1830 - d. 1880)
1880 - 19..                ....
19.. - 1997                Eric J. Large
1997 - ....                Shirley Merna Steinhauer (f)
.... - 2001                John Shirt
2001 -                     Eddy Makokis

Chiefs of Whitefish Lake (originally Seenum) Band
1876                       James Seenum (Pakan) "Hard Nut" (b. 1842 - d. 18..)
1902                       John Seenum
19.. - 1999                Allen Houle
1999 - 2002                Allen J. Makokis
2002 -                     Leonrad "Tommy" Houle

18..                       Mountain Cree Confederacy
1877                       Adherence to the Treaty No. 6 (Bobtail Band).
1879                       Samson Band split from Bobtail Band.
1886                       Bobtail Band dissolved.

Head Chiefs of the Mountain Cree
183. - 184.                Louis Piche (Pesew) "Bobcat" (d. 184.)
184. - 185.                None
185. - 186.                Maskipitonew "Broken Arm"    (b. 1805 - d. 1869)
186. - 1886                Alexis Piche (Kiskiyew) "Bobtail"
                            (from 1877, chief of Bobtail Band)
Chiefs
1879 - 1899                Samson (Kanatakasu)          (d. 1899)
1899 - 1942                Joe Samson
1942 - 1952                James Crane
1952 - 1953                Vacant
1953 - 1955                Baptiste Saddleback
1955 - 1957                John S. Samson (1st time)
1957 - 1959                Felix Buffalo (1st time)
1959 - 1961                John S. Samson (2nd time)
1961 - 1963                Felix Buffalo (2nd time)
1963 - 1965                Harry Rain
1965 - 1969                Jacob Louis
1969 - 1973                Norman Yellowbird
1973 - 1975                Arthur Potts
1975 - 1979                Frank Buffalo
1979 - 1981                Jim Omeasoo (1st time)
1981 - 1983                Victor Buffalo (1st time)
1983 - 1989                Jim Omeasoo (2nd time)
1989 - 1993                Victor Buffalo (2nd time)
1993 - 1996                Terry Buffalo
1996 - 1999                Florence Buffalo (f)
1999 - 2002                Lena Cutknife (f)
2002 -                     Victor Buffalo (3rd time)

 

Map of Siksika Band

Capital: Siksika, Alberta

Members: 3,292 (2002)

17..                       Member of the Blackfoot Confederacy
1877                       Signs the Treaty No.7 (Blackfoot Band)
19..                       Renamed Siksika

Chiefs
1872 - 1890                Isapo-Muxika "Crowfoot"            (b. 1830 - d. 1890)
                             (also head chief of the Blackfoot Confederacy)
1890 - 1...                Neo'kis'tomi "Three Bulls"
1... - 1988                ....
1988 - 1995                Strater J. Crowfoot
1995 - 1997                Robert Ryan Breaker Jr.
1997 - 2001                Darlene Yellow Old Woman-Munro (f) (b. 1953)
2001 -                     Adrian Stimson Jr.

                        unofficial flag
 

Map of the Six Nations

Capital: Oshweken, Ontario

Members: 10, 976 (2001)

1784                       Settlement (Grand River) by the pro-British Iroquois 
                             (mainly Mohawk) refugees from the U.S.
1842                       Six Nations Reserve organized.
1924                       Six Nations Band Council created, self-gvernment.
1988                       Renamed Six Nations of the Grand River Territory.

De-facto leaders
1784 - 1807                Joseph Brant (Thayendanegea)   (b. 1742 - d. 1807)
1807 - 1814                John Norton (Teyoninhokarawen) (b. 176. - d. 1831)
1814 - 1832                John Brant (Ahyouwaigha)       (b. 1794 - d. 1832)

Chiefs
1784 - 1924                Grand Council
1924 - 19..                ....
1973                       Richard Isaac
19.. - 2001                Wellington C. Staats
2001 -                     Roberta L. Jamieson (f)

 

Map of the Stoney Band

Capital: Morley, Alberta

Members: 3,649 (1999)

18..                       Members of the Mountain Cree Confederacy.
1877                       Signs the Treaty No. 7 (Stoney Nakoda Band), three
                             (Bearspaw, Chiniki and Wesley) amalgamated bands
                             administered separately.
1968                       Joint Band Council established.

Chiefs of Bearspaw Band
1877                       Jacob Bearspaw (Maskwaahsid)
19.. - 1996                Harvey Baptiste
1996 - 1998                Philomene Stephens (f)
1998 -                     Darcy Lee Dixon

Chiefs of Chiniki Band
1877                       John Chiniki (Cheneki)
19.. - 1996                Ken Soldier
1996 - 1998                Henry Holloway
1998 - 2002                Paul Chiniquay
2002 -                     Aaron Young

Chiefs of Wesley (originally Goodstoney) Band
1877                       Jacob Goodstoney (Kichipwot)
1891                       Peter Wesley
19.. - 1996                Ernest Wesley (1st time)
1996 - 2002                John Snow, Jr.
2002 -                     Ernest Wesley (2nd time)