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World Council of Churches

 

WCC website

Headquarters: Geneva (Switzerland)

Note: This international ecumenical body includes most "mainline" Protestant denominations and Eastern Orthodox churches in the world.

13 May 1938                Provisional committee founded.
23 Aug 1948                World Council of Churches (WCC) formally constituted.

General Secretaries
13 May 1938 - Feb 1966     Willem Adolf Visser't Hooft        (b. 1900 - d. 1985)
                             (Netherlands) 
Feb 1966 - 16 Aug 1972     Eugene Carson Blake (U.S.)         (b. 1906 - d. 1985)
16 Aug 1972 - 31 Dec 1984  Philip Potter (Dominica)           (b. 1921)
 1 Jan 1985 - 31 Dec 1992  Emilio Castro (Uruguay)            (b. 1927)
 1 Jan 1993 - 31 Dec 2003  Konrad Raiser (Germany)            (b. 1938)
 1 Jan 2004 - 31 Dec 2009  Samuel Kobia (Kenya)               (b. 1947)
 1 Jan 2010 -              Olav Fykse Tveit (Norway)          (b. 1960)

c.60                       Church of Rome founded by the Apostle Peter (St. Peter).
754                        Donation of Pepin creates temporal Papal State for the Popes.
16 Jul 1054                The "Great Schism" divides the church into Eastern (Orthodox) and 
                             Western (Roman Catholic) churches.
 9 Mar 1309 - 13 Jan 1377  Popes rule from Avignon, France (often called
                             the "Babylonian Captivity" of the Church).
30 Sep 1378 - 11 Nov 1417  The Great Schism in the Western Church.
10 Jun 1809 - 24 Mar 1814  Papal State annexed to France.
19 Oct 1870                Incorporation of Rome and the Patrimony of St. Peter
                             into Kingdom of Italy.
19 Oct 1870 -  7 Jun 1929  Pope's rule as "Prisoners in the Vatican" in seclusion in
                            the Vatican Palace.
 7 Jun 1929                Independence of Vatican City from Italy.

Popes¹
c.60 -                     see page for Popes of the Roman Catholic Church
 

 ¹full Papal title:
 (a) 1870 -  7 Jun 1929: "Bishop of Rome, Vicar of Jesus Christ, Successor of the Prince of the Apostles, Supreme Pontiff of the Universal Church, Patriarch of the West, Primate of Italy, Archbishop and Metropolitan of the Province of Rome, Servant of the Servants of God";
 (b) 7 Jun 1929 -  1 Mar 2006: "Bishop of Rome, Vicar of Jesus Christ, Successor of the Prince of the Apostles, Supreme Pontiff of the Universal Church, Patriarch of the West, Primate of Italy, Archbishop and Metropolitan of the Roman Province, Sovereign of the State of the Vatican City, Servant of the Servants of God";
 (c) from 1 Mar 2006: "Bishop of Rome, Vicar of Jesus Christ, Successor of the Prince of the Apostles, Supreme Pontiff of the Universal Church, Primate of Italy, Archbishop and Metropolitan of the Roman Province, Sovereign of the State of the Vatican City, Servant of the Servants of God."

(information provided by Andrejus Gajosinskas)

1650                       Church founded.
26 Nov 1740                Patriarchate established.

Catholicoses and Patriarchs of Cilicia of the Armenians for All the Catholic Armenians 
26 Nov 1740 -  1 Oct 1749  Apraham Bedros I                   (b. 1679 - d. 1749)
14 Oct 1749 - 10 Jun 1753  Hagop Bedros II
23 Jun 1753 - 10 Nov 1780  Mikael Bedros III
 1 Dec 1780 -  6 Feb 1788  Parsegh Bedros IV
11 May 1788 - 17 Jun 1812  Krikor Bedros V
 8 Apr 1815 - 1841         Krikor Bedros VI
27 Jan 1842 - 1843         Hagop Bedros VII
25 Jan 1844 -  9 Jan 1866  Krikor Bedros VIII
14 Sep 1866 - Jun 1881     Andon Bedros IX                    (b. 1809 - d. 1884)
                             (from 13 Dec 1880, Cardinal Andon Bedros IX) 
c.1870 - ....              Jacob (anti-patriarch)
24 Jan 1881 - May 1899     Stepan Bedros X                    (b. 18.. - d. 1899)
24 Jul 1899 - 18 Apr 1904  Boghos Bedros XI                   (b. 1829 - d. 1904)
 4 Aug 1904 - Apr 1910     Boghos Bedros XII                  (b. 1836 - d. 1910)
23 Apr 1910 - 15 Dec 1931  Boghos Bedros XIII                 (b. 1853 - d. 1931)
17 Oct 1931 - 26 Oct 1937  Avedis Bedros XIV                  (b. 1856 - d. 1937)
30 Nov 1937 - 25 Aug 1962  Krikor Bedros XV                   (b. 1895 - d. 1971)
                             (from 18 Feb 1946, Cardinal Krikor Bedros XV) 
 4 Sep 1962 - 22 Apr 1976  Iknadios Bedros XVI                (b. 1899 - d. 1979)
 3 Jul 1976 - 31 May 1982  Hemaiag Bedros XVII                (b. 1905 - d. 1998)
 5 Aug 1982 - 28 Nov 1998  Hovhannes Bedros XVIII             (b. 1927)
 7 Oct 1999 -              Nerses Bedros XIX                  (b. 1940)

1924                       Apostolic Exarchate for the Byzantine-Rite Faithful of
                             Subcarpathia.
1963                       Eparchy of Pittsburgh of the Ruthenians.
1969                       Metropolitan See of Munhall of the Ruthenians.
1977                       Byzantine Catholic Metropolitan Church of Pittsburgh.

Bishops
15 Jun 1924 - 13 May 1948  Basil Takach                       (b. 1879 - d. 1948)
13 May 1948 - 12 Dec 1954  Daniel Ivancho                     (b. 1908 - d. 1972)
 5 Feb 1955 - 22 Dec 1967  Nicholas T. Elko                   (b. 1909 - d. 1991)
 5 Mar 1968 - 11 Jun 1969  Stephen J. Kocisko                 (b. 1915 - d. 1995)
Metropolitan Archbishops
11 Jun 1969 - 12 Jun 1991  Stephen J. Kocisko                 (s.a.)
12 Jun 1991 - 13 Apr 1993  Thomas V. Dolinay                  (b. 1923 - d. 1993)
20 Apr 1993 -  8 Sep 1994  John M. Bilock (administrator)     (b. 1916 - d. 1994)
Sep 1994 - 15 Nov 1994     Russell A. Duker (administrator)
 7 Feb 1995 - 15 Apr 2001  Judson M. Procyk                   (b. 1931 - d. 2001)
 1 May 2001 -  9 Jul 2002  John M. Kudrick (administrator)    (b. 1947)
 9 Jul 2002 - 10 Jun 2010  Basil M. Schott                    (b. 1939 - d. 2010)

1552                       Rival Assyrian Patriarch accepts union with Rome.
1607                       Regular Assyrian Patriarch Eliyya VIII also accepts union.
1617                       Heir of Eliyya VIII breaks union.
1681                       Archbishop of Amed (Diyarbakir) is granted title of
                             Patriarch.
1692                       Patriarch of the first (1552) line breaks union;
                             only one Patriarch remains.

Catholicoses and Patriarchs of Babylon and Ur of the Chaldees for the Chaldeans
21 May 1696 -  2 Jun 1712  Joseph II                          (b. 1667 - d. 1712)
26 Feb 1713 - 23 Jan 1757  Joseph III                         (d. 1757)
 8 Feb 1757 - 1781         Joseph IV                          (d. 1791)
1781 -  6 Apr 1828         Joseph V                           (b. 17.. - d. 1828)
                             (apostolic administrator to 1804)
 5 Aug 1830 - 16 Aug 1838  Youhanan VIII Hormez               (d. 1838)
                             (claimed the patriarchate from 1778)
16 Aug 1838 - 1847         Nicolawos Zaya                     (d. 1855)
11 Sep 1848 - 29 Mar 1878  Joseph VI Audo                     (b. 1790 - d. 1878)
28 Feb 1879 - 27 Jun 1894  Eliyya XIV Abbo-Alyonan            (b. 1840 - d. 1894)
28 Oct 1894 -  6 Nov 1899  Abdisho V Khayat                   (b. 1827 - d. 1899)
 9 Jul 1900 - 21 Jul 1947  Joseph Emmanuel II Toma            (b. 1852 - d. 1947)
17 Sep 1947 -  8 Jul 1958  Joseph VII Ghanima                 (b. 1881 - d. 1958)
13 Dec 1958 - 13 Apr 1989  Paul II Cheikho                    (b. 1906 - d. 1989)
21 May 1989 -  7 Jul 2003  Raphael I BeDaweed                 (b. 1922 - d. 2003)
 7 Jul 2003 -  3 Dec 2003  Shlemon Warduni                    (b. 1943)
                             (apostolic administrator)
 3 Dec 2003 -              Emmanuel III Delly                 (b. 1927)
                             (from 24 Nov 2007, Cardinal Emmanuel III Delly)

 4 Aug 1741                Apostolic Vicariate for Coptic Catholics created.
1824                       Maximos is granted title Patriarch for life; after his death
                             in 1831 his successors are again only named apostolic vicars.
26 Nov 1895                Reorganized as Patriarchate.

Apostolic Vicars
1742 - 174.                Athanase
174. - Jul 1748            Juste Marsghi
1748 - 1751                Jacques de Kremsier
1751 - 1757                Paul d'Angnone
1757 - 1761                Joseph de Sassello
1761 - 1778                Roche Abou Kodsi Sabak de
                             Ghirgha (1st time)
1778 - 1781                Gervais d'Ormeal
 7 Jan 1781 - 26 Jun 1781  Roche Abou Kodsi Sabak de
                             Ghirgha (2nd time) 
1781 - 1783                Jean Farargi
1783 - 1785                Roche Abou Kodsi Sabak de
                             Ghirgha (3rd time) 
1785 - 1787                Bisciai Nosser
1787 - 1788                Michelange Pacelli de Tricario
24 Apr 1788 - 1822         Mathieu Righet
1822 - 30 Aug 1831         Maximos II                         (d. 1831)
                             (from 15 Aug 1824, titled Patriarch)
22 Jun 1832 -  4 Oct 1855  Abou Karim
 4 Oct 1855 - 17 Feb 1864  Athanase Cyriaque Khouzam
17 Feb 1864 - 27 Feb 1866  Vacant
27 Feb 1866 - 1876         Agapios Bishai
1876 - 1887                Antoun di Marco
1887 - 1889                Antoun Nabad
1889 - 1892                Simon Barraia
1892 - 1895                Antoun Kabes
15 Mar 1895 - 27 Nov 1895  Cyrille Macaire                    (b. 1867 - d. 1908)
Patriarchs of Alexandria of the Copts 
27 Nov 1895 - 19 Jun 1899  Cyrille Macaire                    (s.a.)
                             (apostolic administrator)
19 Jun 1898 - 30 May 1908  Kyrillos II (Macaire)              (s.a.)
1908 - 13 Jan 1925         Maximos Sedfaoui                   (b. 1863 - d. 1925)
                             (apostolic administrator)
30 Dec 1927 -  9 Aug 1947  Marc Khouzam                       (b. 1888 - d. 1958)
                             (apostolic administrator)
 9 Aug 1947 -  2 Feb 1958  Markos II (Khouzam)                (s.a.)
10 May 1958 - 24 May 1986  Stephanos I                        (b. 1904 - d. 1987)
                             (from 22 Feb 1965, Cardinal Stephanos I)
24 Feb 1984 -  9 Jun 1986  Andraos Ghattas                    (b. 1920 - d. 2009)
                             (apostolic administrator [for Stephanos I to 24 May 1986])
 9 Jun 1986 - 27 Mar 2006  Stephanos II (Ghattas)             (s.a.)
                             (from 21 Feb 2001, Cardinal Stephanos II)
30 Mar 2006 -              Antonios                           (b. 1935)

17 Jun 1777                Diocese of Krizevci created.
1966                       See transferred to Zagreb.

Bishops
15 Jul 1777 - 1785         Bazilije Bozicković
1785 - 1795                Josaphat Bastasić
1794 - 1810                Silvestar Bubanović
15 Mar 1815 - 31 Jul 1830  Konstantin Stanić                  (b. 1757 - d. 1830)
1834 - 1856                Gabrijel Smiciklas
21 Dec 1857 - 20 Apr 1881  Djordje Smiciklas                  (b. 1815 - d. 1881)
15 Mar 1883 - 1889         Elias Hranilović                   (b. 1850 - d. 1889)
17 Dec 1891 - 18 May 1917  Iulius (Julije) Drohobeczky        (b. 1853 - d. 1934)
18 May 1917 - 14 Apr 1940  Dionýz Njarady                     (b. 1874 - d. 1940)
                             (apostolic administrator to 1 May 1920)
16 Aug 1942 -  9 Aug 1946  Janko Shimak                       (b. 1883 - d. 1946) 
                             (apostolic administrator to 9 May 1942)
1946 - 1950                Vacant
1950 -  2 Mar 1961         Gabrijel Bukatko                   (b. 1913 - d. 1981)
                             (apostolic administrator to 22 Jul 1960)
24 Feb 1963 - 22 Jan 1983  Joakim Segedi (auxiliary bishop)   (b. 1904 - d. 2004)
22 Jan 1983 - 25 May 2009  Slavomir Miklovs                   (b. 1934)
25 May 2009 -              Nikola Kekić                       (b. 1943)

1873                       Apostolic Vicariate created.
 8 Jun 1912                Diocese of Hajdúdorog created.

Vicars
1873 - 1875                ....
1875 - 21 Oct 1895         Janos Danilovics                   (b. 1835 - d. 1895)
1895 - 1912                ....
1912 - 1913                Antal Papp (acting)                (b. 1867 - d. 1945)
Bishops of Hajdúdorog
 5 Oct 1913 - 30 Oct 1937  István Miklósy                     (b. 1857 - d. 1937)
14 May 1939 - 15 Jul 1972  Miklós Dudás                       (b. 1902 - d. 1972)
 8 Feb 1975 - 30 Mar 1988  Imre Timkó                         (b. 1920 - d. 1988)
30 Jun 1988 - 10 Nov 2007  Szilárd Keresztes                  (b. 1932)
 2 May 2008 -              Péter Fülöp Kocsis                 (b. 1963)

c.681                      Maronite Church founded.
1182                       Formally confirms union with Rome.

Patriarchs of Antioch and All the East of the Maronites 
20 May 1670 -  3 May 1704  Stephen Douaihy                    (b. 1630 - d. 17..)
1704 - 10 Oct 1705         Gabriel
 6 Nov 1705 - 12 Feb 1733  Jacob Awad
25 Feb 1733 - 13 May 1742  Joseph Dergham Khazen              (d. 1742)
16 Mar 1743 - 12 Feb 1756  Symeon Awad                        (d. 1756)
28 Feb 1756 - 29 May 1766  Toubia El-Khazen                   (d. 1766)
 9 Jun 1766 - 22 Apr 1793  Joseph Estephan (Stephan)
                             (suspended 25 Jun 1779 - 28 Sep 1784)
10 Sep 1793 - 17 May 1795  Michel Fadel                       (d. 1795)
14 Jun 1795 - 12 Apr 1796  Philip Gemayel                     (d. 1796)
28 Apr 1796 -  8 Jun 1809  Youssif Tyan                       (b. 17.. - d. 1820)
 8 Jun 1809 - 12 May 1823  Yuhanna El-Helou                   (b. 17.. - d. 1823)
25 May 1823 - 23 May 1845  Youssif Hobeiche                   (d. 1845)
 8 Aug 1845 -  3 Nov 1854  Youssif El-Khazen                  (d. 1854)
12 Nov 1854 - 18 Apr 1890  Boulos Massaad                     (b. 1805? - d. 1890)
28 Apr 1890 - 24 Dec 1898  Yuhanna El-Haj                     (d. 1898)
 6 Jan 1899 - 24 Dec 1931  Elias Hoyek                        (b. 1843 - d. 1931)
30 Apr 1932 - 19 May 1955  Antoun Arida                       (b. 1863 - d. 1955)
28 May 1955 - 11 Jan 1975  Boulos Meouchi                     (b. 1894 - d. 1975)
                             (from 22 Feb 1965, Boulos Cardinal Meouchi) 
 9 Feb 1975 -  3 Apr 1986  Antoine Khreich                    (b. 1907 - d. 1994)
                             (from 2 Feb 1983, Antoine Cardinal Khreich) 
19 Apr 1986 -              Nasrallah Sfeir                    (b. 1920)
                             (from 26 Nov 1994, Nasrallah Cardinal Sfeir)

 1 Oct 1724                Church enters union with Rome, splitting from the
                             Antiochian Orthodox church.

Patriarchs of Antioch and All The East, of Alexandria, and of Jerusalem of the Greek-Melkites 
 1 Oct 1724 - 19 Jul 1759  Cyrille VI Tanas                   (d. 1759)
19 Jul 1759 -  1 Aug 1760  Athanase IV Jawhar (1st time)      (d. 1794)
 1 Aug 1760 -  1 Aug 1760  Maximos II Hakim                   (d. 1760)
24 Dec 1761 - 10 Apr 1788  Théodose V Dahan                   (d. 1780)
16 Feb 1765 - 1768         Athanase IV Jawhar (2nd time)      (s.a.)
                             (anti-patriarch)
 5 May 1788 -  2 Dec 1794  Athanase IV Jawhar (3rd time)      (s.a.)
11 Dec 1794 -  6 Aug 1796  Cyrille VII Siage                  (d. 1796)
11 Sep 1796 -  2 Feb 1812  Agapios II Matar                   (d. 1812)
21 Feb 1812 - 18 Nov 1812  Ignace IV Sarrouf                  (b. 1761 - d. 1812)
14 Aug 1813 - 20 Nov 1813  Athanase V Matar                   (d. 1813)
10 Dec 1813 - 15 Dec 1815  Macaire IV Tawil                   (d. 1815)
10 Jul 1816 - 25 Mar 1833  Ignace V Cattan                    (b. 1752 - d. 1839)
 6 Apr 1833 - 23 Aug 1855  Maximos III Mazloum                (b. 1779 - d. 1855)
 1 Apr 1856 - 24 Sep 1864  Clément Bahous
29 Sep 1864 - 13 Jul 1897  Grégoire II Youssef-Sayour         (b. 1823 - d. 1897)
24 Feb 1898 - 24 Apr 1902  Pierre IV Géraigiry                (b. 1841 - d. 1902)
28 Jun 1902 - 12 Jan 1916  Cyrille VIII Geha                  (b. 1840 - d. 1916)
 6 Apr 1919 - 25 Oct 1925  Dimitrios I Cadi                   (b. 1861 - d. 1925)
 8 Dec 1925 -  8 Sep 1947  Cyrille IX Moghabghab              (b. 1855 - d. 1947)
30 Oct 1947 -  5 Nov 1967  Maximos IV Saïgh                   (b. 1878 - d. 1967)
                            (from 22 Feb 1965, Cardinal Maximos IV Saïgh) 
22 Nov 1967 - 22 Nov 2000  Maximos V Hakim                    (b. 1908 - d. 2001)
29 Nov 2000 -              Grégoire III Laham                 (b. 1933)

 7 May 1700                Union with Rome
16 Nov 1853                Metropolis
 1 Dec 1948                Church outlawed.
31 Dec 1989                Church re-legalized.

Bishops of Alba Iulia
1698 - 1713                Atanasie Anghel                    (b. 16.. - d. 1713)
1715 - 17 Aug 1723         Ioan Giurgiu Patachi               (b. 1682 - d. 1727)
Bishops of Alba Iulia and Fagaras
17 Aug 1723 - 29 Oct 1727  Ioan Giurgiu Patachi               (s.a.)
1728 - 1751                Ioan Inocentiu Micu-Klein          (b. 1692 - d. 1768)
1752 - 27 Jan 1764         Petru Pavel Aron                   (b. 1709 - d. 1764)
1765 - 1772                Atanasie Rednic                    (b. 1722 - d. 1772)
1772 - 13 Mar 1782         Grigore Maior                      (b. 1715 - d. 1785)
1783 -  2 Oct 1830         Ioan Bob                           (b. 1739 - d. 1830)
1832 - 10 Apr 1850         Ioan Lemeni                        (b. 1780 - d. 1861)
1850 - 1853                Alexandru Sterca Sulutiu           (b. 1794 - d. 1867)
Archbishops of Fagaras and Alba Iulia and Metropolitans
1853 -  7 Sep 1867         Alexandru Sterca Sulutiu           (s.a.)
21 Dec 1868 - 31 Jul 1892  Ioan Vancea                        (b. 1820 - d. 1892)
18 Mar 1895 - 21 Jan 1918  Victor Mihaly de Apsa              (b. 1841 - d. 1918)
 9 Aug 1919 - 25 Jan 1935  Vasile Suciu                       (b. 1873 - d. 1935)
29 Aug 1936 -  5 Jun 1941  Alexandru Nicolescu                (b. 1882 - d. 1941)
1941 - 1946                Valeriu Traian Frentiu             (b. 1875 - d. 1952)
                             (Apostolic Administrator)
1946 - 27 Jun 1953         Ioan Suciu                         (b. 1907 - d. 1953)
                             (Apostolic Administrator)
14 Mar 1990 - 20 Jul 1994  Alexandru Todea                    (b. 1912 - d. 2002)
                             (from 28 Jun 1991, Alexandru Cardinal Todea) 
20 Jul 1994 - 16 Dec 2005  Lucian Muresan                     (b. 1931)
Major Archbishop of Fagaras and Alba Iulia
16 Dec 2005 -              Lucian Muresan                     (s.a.)

24 Apr 1646                Union with Rome
28 Aug 1949 - 16 Jan 1991  Church outlawed.

Auxiliary Bishops of Mukachevo of the Byzantines
1690 - 1706                Iosif de Camelis                   (b. 1641 - d. 1706)
1707 - 1715                Ioann Iosif Hodermarsky
1716 - 1733                Georgii Genadii Bizantsi (Bezancy)
1734 - 1738                Symeon Olshavsky
1738 - 1742                Georgii Havril Blazhovsky
1743 - 1767                Mykhail Manuil Olshavsky
1767 - 1772                Ioann Bradach
Bishops of Mukachevo of the Byzantines
1772 - 1809                Andrey Bachinsky                   (b. 1732 - d. 1809)
1809 - 1815                Michail Bradach (auxiliary bishop) (b. 1748 - d. 1815)
28 Jul 1817 - 11 Jul 1831  Alexy Póvsy                        (b. 1753 - d. 1831)
1831 - 1837                Vacant
 2 Oct 1837 - 1864         Vasily Popovic                     (b. 1796 - d. 1864)
1864 - 1867                Vacant
22 Feb 1867 - 1874         István Pankovic                    (b. 1820 - d. 1874)
12 Mar 1875 - 1891         János Pástzélyi-Kovács             (b. 1826 - d. 1891)
17 Dec 1891 -  2 Jun 1912  Gyula Firczák                      (b. 1836 - d. 1912)
 2 Jun 1912 - 14 Jul 1924  Antal Papp                         (b. 1867 - d. 1945)
16 Jul 1924 - 26 Apr 1931  Péter Gebé                         (b. 1864 - d. 1931)
 3 May 1932 - 31 May 1943  Alexander Stojka                   (b. 1890 - d. 1943)
1943 - 1944                Miklós Dudás                       (b. 1902 - d. 1972)
                             (apostolic administrator)
24 Sep 1944 -  1 Nov 1947  Theodore Romzha                    (b. 1911 - d. 1947)
                             (apostolic administrator)
1945 - 26 May 1983         Alexander Chira                    (b. 1897 - d. 1983)
                             (exiled 10 Feb 1949 - Sep 1956 in Russian SFSR,
                             from Dec 1957 in Kazakh S.S.R.)
1947 - 1950                Makary
                             (apostolic administrator)
16 Jan 1991 - 12 Nov 2002  Ivan Semedi                        (b. 1921 - d. 2008)
                             (appointed 26 May 1983)           
12 Nov 2002 -              Milan Sasik                        (b. 1952)
                             (apostolic administrator to 6 Jan 2003)

1662                       Patriarchate created.
1702                       Patriarchate abolished.
1782                       Patriarchate restored.

Patriarchs of Antioch and All The East of the Syrians
1662 - 24 Jul 1677         Ignatius André Akhidjan            (d. 1677)
1677 - Feb 1702            Ignatius Pierre VI Chaahbadine     (b. 1640 - d. 1702)
Feb 1702 - 22 Jan 1782     Patriarchate abolished
22 Jan 1782 -  4 Sep 1800  Ignatius Michael III Jarweh        (b. 1730 - d. 1800)
20 Dec 1801 - Sep 1810     Ignatius Michael IV Daher          (b. 1761 - d. 1816)
 2 Jan 1811 -  1 Jun 1818  Ignatius Simon II Zora
Feb 1820 - 16 Oct 1851     Ignatius Pierre VII Jarweh         (d. 1851)
30 Mar 1853 - 14 Mar 1864  Ignatius Antoun I Samhery
 6 Aug 1866 -  7 Mar 1874  Ignatius Philippe I Arcous         (b. 1826 - d. ....)
21 Dec 1874 - 1891         Ignatius Georges V Chalhat         (b. 1818 - d. ....)
12 Oct 1893 - 13 Sep 1897  Ignatius Behnam II Behni           (b. 1831 - d. ....)
 9 Oct 1898 -  7 May 1929  Ignatius Ephrem II Rahmani         (b. 1848 - d. 1929)
24 Jun 1929 - 29 Jan 1968  Ignatius Gabriel I Tappouni        (b. 1879 - d. 1968)
                             (from 16 Dec 1935, Cardinal Ignatius Gabriel Tappouni) 
10 Mar 1968 - 23 Jul 1998  Ignatius Antoun II Hayek           (b. 1910 - d. 2007)
13 Oct 1998 -  8 Jan 2001  Ignatius Moussa I Daoud            (b. 1930)
16 Feb 2001 -  2 Feb 2008  Ignatius Pierre VIII Abdel-Ahad    (b. 1930)
 2 Feb 2008 - 21 Jan 2009  Apostolic administrators
                           - Théophile Georges Kassab of      (b. 1945)
                               Homs, Hama, and Nabk    
                           - Athanase Matti Shaba Matoka of   (b. 1930)
                               Baghdad                    
                           - Grégoire Elias Tabé of Damascus  (b. 1941)
21 Jan 2009 -              Ignatius Joseph III Younan         (b. 1944)

26 Jun 1599                St. Thomas Christians are included in the Catholic church.
16 Dec 1992                Rank of Major Archbishop (head of the church) created.

Major Archbishops of Ernakulam-Angamaly
16 Dec 1992 - 11 Nov 1996  Antony Cardinal Padiyara           (b. 1921 - d. 2000)
11 Nov 1996 - 23 Dec 1999  Vacant
23 Dec 1999 -              Varkey Vithayathil                 (b. 1927)
                             (from 21 Feb 2001, Varkey Cardinal Vithayathil)

Archbishops of Trivandrum
11 Jun 1932 - 15 Jul 1953  Mar Ivanios                        (b. 1882 - d. 1953)
27 Jan 1955 - 10 Oct 1994  Benedict Mar Gregorios             (b. 1916 - d. 1994)
29 Nov 1995 - 10 Jan 2005  Cyril Mar Baselios                 (b. 1935 - d. 2007)
Major Archbishops of Trivandrum
10 Jan 2005 - 18 Jan 2007  Cyril Mar Baselios                 (s.a.)
Jan 2007 - 10 Feb 2007     Geevarghese Mar Divannasios        (b. 1950)
                             (administrator)
10 Feb 2007 -              Bawa Cleemis Baselios              (b. 1959)

 3 Jan 1596                Union with Rome; church headed by Metropolitan of Galitzia
                             and Kiev.
26 Sep 1808                Metropolis of Lviv established in Austria-Hungary.
1839                       Metropolis of Kiev abolished; Lviv becomes Metropolis
                             of Galitzia and Lviv.
1946                       Church outlawed and absorbed by Russian Orthodox Church
1975                       Metropolitan proclaims himself a Patriarch, not approved
                             by Rome.
 1 Dec 1989                Church re-legalized.
21 Aug 2005                Metropolis moved to Kiev.

Metropolitans of Kiev
1694 - 13 Jun 1708         Lev Shliubits-Zanesky
1708 -  3 Oct 1713         Yury Vinnitsky                      (d. 1713)
27 Feb 1714 - 30 Nov 1728  Lev Luka Kishka                     (b. 1668 - d. 1728)
1728 - 12 Dec 1746         Athanasy Sheptytsky                 (b. 1686 - d. 1746)
1747                       Theodor Liubenetsky-Rudnitsky       (b. c.1698 - d. 1751)
                             (not approved by the Pope)
1748 - 1762                Florian Grabnitsky                  (d. 1762)
1762 - 1778                Felician Philip Volodkovich         (b. 1697 - d. 1778)
1778 -  4 Jun 1779         Liudvig Lev Sheptytsky              (b. 1717 - d. 1779)
1780 - 12 Nov 1788         Iasan Yunosha-Smagazhevsky          (b. 1714 - d. 1788)
1788 - 1808                Theodor Rostocky                    (b. 1725 - d. 1805)
1808 - 30 Aug 1809         Irakly Lisovsky                     (b. 1734 - d. 1809)
1809 - 1814                Grigory Kohanovich                  (d. 1814)
1817 - 1839                Josafat Bulgak                      (b. 1758 - d. 1838)
Metropolitans of Lviv
16 Mar 1808 -  6 Jun 1814  Antony Angelovich                   (b. 1759 - d. 1814)
 8 Mar 1816 - 14 Jan 1858  Mikhail Levitsky                    (b. 1774 - d. 1858)
                            (from 16 Jun 1856, Mikhail Cardinal Levitsky)
1858 - 1860                Vacant
1860 - 1866                Grigory Yakhimovich
1866 - 1869                Spiridon Litvinovich
27 Jun 1870 - 22 Dec 1882  Josyf Sembratovich                  (b. 1821 - d. 1900) 
1882 -  4 Aug 1898         Sylvester Sembratovich              (b. 1836 - d. 1898)
                            (from 10 Jan 1896, Sylvester Cardinal Sembratovich) 
 4 Aug 1898 - 31 Oct 1900  Vacant
31 Oct 1900 -  1 Nov 1944  Andrey Sheptytsky                   (b. 1865 - d. 1944)
 1 Nov 1944 - 1975         Josyf Slipy-Kobernytsky-Dychkovsky  (b. 1892 - d. 1984) 
                            (from 25 Jan 1965, Josyf Cardinal Slipy) 
                            (from 11 Apr 1945 imprisoned; from 9 Feb 1963 in Rome exile)
1972 - 1991                Volodymyr Sterniuk                  (b. 1907 - d. 1997)
                            (Locum Tenens in Ukraine) 
Patriarchs of Lviv
1975 -  7 Sep 1984         Josyf Cardinal Slipy-Kobernytsky-   (s.a.) 
                             Dychkovsky (in Rome exile) 
 7 Sep 1984 - 14 Dec 2000  Myroslav Ivan Lubachivsky           (b. 1914 - d. 2000)
                            (from 25 May 1985, Myroslav Ivan Cardinal Lubachivsky) 
                            (to 30 Mar 1991 in Rome exile)
14 Dec 2000 - 21 Aug 2005  Lubomy Husar                        (b. 1933)
                            (from 21 Feb 2001, Lubomyr Cardinal Husar)
                            (Locum Tenens to 25 Jan 2001)
Patriarch of Kiev
21 Aug 2005 -              Lubomyr Cardinal Husar              (s.a.)

Italo-Albanian Catholic Church (Italo-Greek Catholic Church)

13 Feb 1919                Eparchy of Lungro in Calabria erected for Byzantine-Rite Albanians
                             directly subject to the Holy See.
26 Sep 1937                Monastery of Santa Maria di Grottaferrata is given the status of
                             a territorial abbey.
26 Oct 1937                Eparchy of Piana del Greci (renamed 25 Oct 1941, Piana degli
                             Albanesi) in Sicily erected for Byzantine-Rite Albanians.

Lungro degli Italo-Albanesi

Bishop of Lungro degli Italo-Albanesi
 8 Jun 1919 - 10 Feb 1979  Giovanni Mele                      (b. 1885 - d. 1979)
20 Feb 1979 -  7 Jun 1987  Giovanni Stamati                   (b. 1912 - d. 1987) 
                             (apostolic administrator from 25 Mar 1967)
30 Nov 1987 -              Ercole Lupinacci                   (b. 1933)

Piana degli Albanesi‏

Bishop of (Piana del Greci to 25 Oct 1941) Piana degli Albanesi
26 Oct 1937 -  5 Jun 1981  Giuseppe Perniciaro                (b. 1907 - d. 1981)
                             (auxiliary bishop to 12 Jul 1967)
 5 Jun 1981 - 30 Nov 1987  Ercole Lupinacci                   (b. 1933)
15 Oct 1988 -              Sotir Ferrara                      (b. 1937)
 

Santa Maria di Grottaferrata Monastery

Abbots of Santa Maria di Grottaferrata
18 Dec 1937 - 1960         Isidoro Croce                      (b. 1892 - d. 1960)
23 Jul 1960 - 1972         Teodoro Minisci                    (b. 1907 - d. 1990)
 1 Aug 1972 - 1992         Paolo Giannini                     (b. 1920 - d. 2006)
10 Aug 1994 - 31 Jan 2000  Marco Petta                        (b. 1921 - d. 2007)
31 Jan 2000 -              Emiliano Fabbricatore              (b. 1938)

Archbishops of Utrecht
27 Apr 1723 -  3 Apr 1725  Cornelius Steenoven                (b. 1661 - d. 1725)
15 May 1725 - 13 May 1733  Cornelius Johannes Barchman        (b. 1692 - d. 1733)
                             Wuytiers
22 Jul 1733 -  9 Jun 1739  Theodorus van der Croon            (b. 1668 - d. 1739)
 2 Jul 1739 - 31 Oct 1767  Petrus Johannes Meindaerts         (b. 1684 - d. 1767)
19 Nov 1767 - 14 Apr 1797  Gualterus Michael van              (d. 1797)
                             Nieuwenhuizen      
10 May 1797 - 24 Jun 1808  Johannes Jacobus van Rhijn         (b. 1742 - d. 1808)
24 Jun 1808 - 10 Feb 1814  Vacant
10 Feb 1814 - 28 Feb 1825  Willibrord van Os                  (b. 1744 - d. 1825)
14 Jul 1825 -  3 Jul 1858  Johannes van Santen                (b. 1772 - d. 1858)
 7 Jul 1858 -  4 Jul 1873  Henricus Loos                      (b. 1813 - d. 1873)
16 Dec 1874 -  8 Jan 1892  Johannes Heykamp                   (b. 1824 - d. 1892)
23 Feb 1892 -  9 Feb 1920  Gerardus Gul                       (b. 1847 - d. 1920)
 8 Mar 1920 - 10 Feb 1937  Franciscus Kenninck                (b. 1859 - d. 1937)
 6 Apr 1937 -  8 Nov 1970  Andreas Rinkel                     (b. 1889 - d. 1979)
 8 Nov 1970 - 29 Dec 1981  Marinus Kok                        (b. 1916 - d. 1999)
 6 Feb 1982 - 12 Feb 2000  Antonius Jan Glazemaker            (b. 1931)
11 Mar 2000 -              Joris August Odilius Ludovicus     (b. 1952)
                             Vercammen         

Old Catholic Church of Great Britain

Archbishop
22 Apr 1908 - 25 May 1917  Arnold Harris Matthews             (b. 1852 - d. 1919)

 8 Jan 1920                Split from Roman Catholic Church. 
Aug 1924                   Split between orthodox minority and Hussite majority factions
                             (Czechoslovak Church).
1971                       Renamed Czechoslovak Hussite Church (Církev ceskoslovenská
                             husitská)(CCSH).

Bishop
1920 - 1924                Gorazd (Matej Pavlík)              (b. 1787 - d. 1942)
Patriarchs
1924 - 12 Jun 1927         Karel Farský                       (b. 1880 - d. 1927)
1928 - 1942                Gustav Adolf Procházka             (b. 1872 - d. 1942)
1946 - 1961                Frantisek Kovár                    (b. 1888 - d. 1969)
1961 - 1990                Miroslav Novák
1990 - 1994                Vratislav Stepánek                 (b. 1930)
1994 - 2001                Josef Spak
2001 - 2005                Jan Schwarz                        (b. 1958)
25 Jun 2005 - 28 Sep 2006  Stepan Klasek (acting)
28 Sep 2006 -              Tomás Butta                        (b. 1958)

 6 Jul 1945                Brazilian Catholic Apostolic Church (Igreja Católica
                             Apostólica Brasileira)(ICAB) founded.

Patriarchs
 6 Jul 1945 - 26 Mar 1961  Carlos Duarte Costa                (b. 1888 - d. 1961)
1961 - 29 Oct 2009         Luis Fernando Castillo Méndez      (b. 1922 - d. 2009)

Minister-General
10 Oct 1909 - 29 Jan 1935  Jan Maria Michal Kowalski         (b. 1871 - d. 1942)
Bishop-Primates
29 Jan 1935 - 1945         Klemens Maria Filip Feldman       (b. 1885 - d. 1971)
1945 - 1953                Roman Maria Jakub Próchniewski    (b. 1872 - d. 1954)
1953 - 1955                Waclaw Maria Bartlomiej           (b. 1878 - d. 1961)
                             Przysiecki
1955 - 1965                Jan Maria Michel Sitek            (b. 1906 - d. 1970)
1965 - 1972                Waclaw Maria Innocenty            (b. 1913 - d. 1985)
                             Golebiowski
1972 - 1997                Stanislaw Maria Tymoteusz         (b. 1931 - d. 1997)
                             Kowalski
1997 - 2007                Zdzislaw Maria Wlodzimierz        (b. 1937)
                             Jaworski
2007 -                     Michal Maria Ludwik Jablonski     (b. 1950)

29 Jan 1935                Catholic Church of the Mariavites-Felicjanów Group split
                             from the Old Catholic Church of the Mariavites.

Archbishop
29 Jan 1935 - 18 May 1942  Jan Maria Michal Kowalski          (b. 1871 - d. 1942)
Archpriestess
1942 - 28 Nov 1946         Antonina Maria Izabela Wilucka-    (b. 1890 - d. 1946)
                             Kowalska (f)
Archbishop
28 May 1950 - 17 Mar 2005  Józef Maria Rafael Wojciechowski   (b. 1917 - d. 2005)
Bishopess
Apr 2005 -                 Maria Beatrycze Szulgowicz (f)

Prime Bishops
Sep 1904 - 16 Feb 1953     Francis Hodur                      (b. 1866 - d. 1953)
                             (administrator to 29 Sep 1907)
1953 - 17 Jul 1969         Leon Grochowski                    (b. 1886 - d. 1969)
1969 - 1978                Thaddeus F. Zielinski              (b. 1904 - d. 1990)
1978 - 1985                Francis Rowinski                   (b. 1918 - d. 1990)
1985 - 2002                John F. Swantek                    (b. 1933)
 8 Oct 2002 -              Robert M. Nemkovich                (b. 1942)

Oct 1916                   North American Old Roman Catholic Church (NAORCC) founded.
Jan 1958                   Following the death of Archbishop Carfora, several
                             independent but cooperating jurisdictions are established.

Archbishops
 4 Oct 1916 - 22 Dec 1919  Rudolph Francis Edward Hamilton    (b. 1873 - d. 1920)
                             de Lorraine-Brabant, prince de
                             Landas Berghes 
22 Dec 1919 - 11 Jan 1958  Carmel Henry Carfora               (b. 1878 - d. 1958)
1958                       Cyrus Augustine Starkey (1st time)
 8 Jun 1958 - 1962         Richard Arthur Marchenna           (b. 1911 - d. 1982)
1962 - 1965                Cyrus Augustine Starkey (2nd time)
1965 - 1988                John Emil Schweikert
1988 -                     Theodore Joseph Rematt

Archbishops 
1940 - 1985                Edgar Ramon Verostek               (b. 1909 - d. 1994)
1985 -                     Joseph Andrew Vellone

North American Old Roman Catholic Church, Archdiocese of New York

Archbishops
1946 - 30 Apr 1972         Hubert Augustus Rogers             (b. 1887 - d. 1976)
1972 - 1990                James Hubert Rogers                (d. 1991)
 1 Sep 1990 - 1991         Herve Lionel Quessy                (b. 1932 - d. 2008)
1991 - 10 Mar 2002         Edward James Ford (1st time)
10 Mar 2002 - 16 Jun 2007  Edmund F. Leeman
16 Jun 2007 -              Edward James Ford (2nd time)

Old Catholic Church of Canada

Sep 1960                   Diocese of Hamilton and other Canadian dioceses decide to unite
                             as an independent body (Old Catholic Church of Canada)(OCCA).
2007?                      Renamed Community Catholic Church of Canada (CCCC).

Presiding Bishops
Sep 1960 -  5 Mar 1962     Richard Arthur Marchenna (acting)  (s.a.)
 5 Mar 1962 -  9 Oct 1988  Robert Ritchie                     (b. 1907 - d. 1999)
 9 Oct 1988 - Jun 2001     David Charles Thomson              (b. 1937)
Jun 2001 - 10 Jul 2005     Arthur Cuthbert Keating            (b. 1926)
10 Jul 2005 -              Patricia Davies (f)

Archbishops
May 1925 - 1953            Paul Francis Cope
1953 - 1963                Francis Xavier Resch
1963 -  1 Nov 1997         Walter Xavier Brown                (b. 1931 - d. 1998)
 1 Nov 1997 -  8 Mar 2009  James Edward Bostwick              (b. 1949 - d. 2009)
27 Jun 2009 -              Sherman Randall Pius Mosley

Archbishops
May 1963 - 20 Apr 1974     Robert Alfred Burns                (d. 1974)
1974 -  5 Jan 1975         Andrew Gordon Johnson-Cantrell
12 Apr 1975 -              Francis Peter Facione

Tridentine Latin Rite Catholic Church

Bishop
 1 Nov 1971 -  5 Nov 2006  Francis Konrad Schuckardt          (b. 1937 - d. 2006)

 3 Aug 1902                Philippine Independent Church (Iglesia Filipina
                             Independiente)(IFI)(Aglipayan Church) founded.

Supreme Bishops (Obispo Maximo)
17 Oct 1902 -  1 Sep 1940  Gregorio Aglipay y Labayan         (b. 1860 - d. 1940)
14 Oct 1940 - Jan 1946     Santiago Fonacier y Suguitan       (b. 1885 - d. 1977)
Jan 1946 -  1 Sep 1946     Gerardo Bayaca y Medina
 1 Sep 1946 - 1971         Isabelo Lopez de los Reyes, Jr.    (b. 1900 - d. 1971)
1971 -  8 May 1981         Macario Vilches Ga
 8 May 1981 -  8 May 1987  Abdias Rebantad de la Cruz
 8 May 1987 - 26 May 1989  Soliman Flores Ganno               (d. 1989)
22 Jun 1989 - May 1993     Tito Esquillo Pasco
May 1993 - May 1999        Alberto Baldovino Ramento          (b. 1936 - d. 2006)
May 1999 - May 2005        Tomas Amabran Millamena
May 2005 -                 Godofredo Jucio David

Patriarch
21 Feb 1925 -  9 Oct 1931  José Joaquín Pérez Budar           (b. 1851 - d. 1931)

27 Sep 1540                Society of Jesus (Societas Jesu) founded.
16 Aug 1773 -  7 Aug 1814  Suppressed by Papal decree, except in Russia
                             (status in Russia approved by Papal decree 7 Mar 1801).

Superior Generals
 6 Jul 1687 - 27 Oct 1705  Tirso González de Santalla         (b. 1624 - d. 1705)
31 Jan 1706 - 28 Feb 1730  Michelangelo Tamburini             (b. 1648 - d. 1730)
30 Nov 1730 - 19 Nov 1750  Franz Retz                         (b. 1673 - d. 1750)
 4 Jul 1751 -  4 May 1755  Ignatius Visconti                  (b. 1686 - d. 1755)
30 Nov 1755 -  2 Oct 1757  Luigi Aloysius Centurioni          (b. 1686 - d. 1757)
21 May 1758 - 24 Nov 1775  Lorenzo Ricci                      (b. 1703 - d. 1775)
24 Nov 1775 -  7 Aug 1814  Post abolished
Superior Generals for Russia
17 Oct 1782 - 21 Oct 1785  Stanislaus Czerniewicz             (b. 1728 - d. 1785)
 8 Oct 1785 - 21 Oct 1798  Gabriel Lenkiewicz -Vicar-general  (b. 1722 - d. 1798)
12 Feb 1799 - 11 Aug 1802  Franciszek Xavier Kareu            (b. 1731 - d. 1802)
                             (vicar-general to 7 Mar 1801)
22 Oct 1802 -  6 Apr 1805  Gabriel Gruber                     (b. 1740 - d. 1805)
14 Sep 1805 -  7 Aug 1814  Tadeusz Brzozowski                 (b. 1749 - d. 1820)
Superior Generals
 7 Aug 1814 -  5 Feb 1820  Tadeusz Brzozowski                 (s.a.)
18 Oct 1820 - 27 Jan 1829  Luigi Fortis                       (b. 1749 - d. 1829)
 9 Jul 1829 -  8 May 1853  Johannes Philippus Roothaan        (b. 1785 - d. 1853)
 2 Aug 1853 -  4 Mar 1887  Pieter Jean Beckx                  (b. 1795 - d. 1887)
 5 Mar 1887 - 18 Jan 1892  Anton Maria Anderledy              (b. 1819 - d. 1892)
 2 Oct 1892 - 18 Apr 1906  Luis Martín                        (b. 1846 - d. 1906)
 8 Sep 1906 - 19 Aug 1914  Franz Xaver Wernz                  (b. 1842 - d. 1914) 
11 Feb 1915 - 13 Dec 1942  Wlodzimierz Halka Ledóchowski      (b. 1866 - d. 1942)
14 Dec 1942 - 12 Apr 1944  A. Magni -Vicar-general
19 Apr 1944 - 15 Sep 1946  N. De Boynes -Vicar-general
15 Sep 1946 -  5 Oct 1964  Jean-Baptiste Janssens             (b. 1899 - d. 1964)
22 May 1965 -  3 Sep 1983  Pedro Arrupe Gondra                (b. 1907 - d. 1991) 
 5 Oct 1981 - 13 Sep 1983  Paolo Dezza -Papal delegate        (b. 1901 - d. 1999)
13 Sep 1983 - 14 Jan 2008  Peter Hans Kolvenbach              (b. 1928)
19 Jan 2008 -              Adolfo Nicolás                     (b. 1936)

          Flag of the Teutonic Order

 9 Nov 1190                Teutonic Order, or in full the Order of the Knights
                             (or Brethren) of the Hospital of Saint Mary of the
                             Teutonic House in Jerusalem (Orden der Ritter [or Brüder]

                             des Hospitals Sankt Marien des Deutschen Hauses zu Jerusalem)

                             in the Holy Land set up by merchants from Bremen and Lübeck

                             at Crusader encampment during the siege of Akko (Acre) by 

                             Guy de Lusignan, King of Jerusalem.

 5 Mar 1198                Reorganized as a military order (on model of Templars)

                             (recognized by Pope Innocent III as such on 19 Feb 1199).

1211 - 1225                Active in Transylvania against the pagan Qypçak (Kumans).

1219 - 24 Apr 1809         Mergentheim (Marienthal) in Franconia, Germany a possession

                             of the Order.

1224                       Duke Conrad of Mazovia, appeals to the Grand Master Hermann

                             von Salza for assistance against the warlike Prussians, who
                             had periodically fought Poland. The Order promised
                             control of Courland and Livonia (see under Latvia).
1226                       Grand Master (Hochmeister) of the Teutonic Order is granted by
                             the Emperor all the privileges and (from Jun 1230) style of the
                             prince of the Empire. The knights are entitled to subject the
                             Prussians on behalf of the Empire.
1230                       Seat of the Grand Master at Montfort castle 
                            (al-Qurayn in Arabic; 35 km north of Haifa), originally called
                             Castellum novum regis, sold to the Order in 1228.
1271                       Montfort lost, seat of the Grand Master moved to Akko/Acre.

1291                       Seat of the Grand Master moved from Akko (Akkon) to Venice

                             upon the conquest of Akko 18 May 1291.

 9 Sep 1309                Seat of the Grand Master (Hochmeister) is moved from Venice

                             to Marienburg (Malbork) in Prussia. The Grand Master takes
                             over direct administration of the Prussian branch (the area

                             later designated East Prussia).

 9 Apr 1525                The Hochmeister Albrecht Markgraf von Brandenburg-Ansbach

                             having converted to Protestantism, he becomes hereditary

                             Duke of Prussia. Order survives under Walter von Cronberg.

16 Dec 1526                Seat of the Grand Master is moved to Mergentheim.

24 Apr 1809                Order is dissolved in German lands by Napoleon, but survives

                             in Austrian lands under Habsburg protection.

 6 Sep 1938                Order is dissolved in Austria by Germany.

1947                       Order restored in Austria.

  ¹Full style 1530 - 24 Apr 1809: Hoch- und Deutschmeister des Deutschen Ordens in deutschen und wälschen Landen, Administratoren des Hochmeistertums in Preussen, Herrn zu Freudenthal und Eulenberg ("Grand and German Masters of the Teutonic Order in German and Welsh [=Italian or foreign] lands, Administrators of the Grand Masterdom in Prussia, Lords of Freudenthal and Eulenberg").

Nov 1534                   The Act of Supremacy makes King Henry VIII head of the 
                             Church in England (Anglican Church).
15 Jan 1535                Henry VII assumes the style "Supreme Head and only
                             Protector of the Church and Clergy of England."
Sep 1553 -  8 May 1559     National restoration of Catholicism.
1563                       Thirty-Nine Articles of Religion of the Protestant Church
                             of England established. 

Supreme Governors of the Church of England
15 Jan 1535 - Sep 1553     the rulers of England
 8 May 1559 -              the rulers of England
Archbishops of Canterbury
16 Jan 1695 - 14 Dec 1715  Thomas Tenison                     (b. 1636 - d. 1715)
16 Jan 1716 - 24 Jan 1737  William Wake                       (b. 1657 - d. 1737)
28 Feb 1737 - 10 Oct 1747  John Potter                        (b. 1674 - d. 1747)
24 Nov 1747 - 13 Mar 1757  Thomas Herring                     (b. 1693 - d. 1757)
29 Apr 1757 - 19 Mar 1758  Matthew Hutton                     (b. 1693 - d. 1758)
21 Apr 1758 -  3 Aug 1768  Thomas Secker                      (b. 1693 - d. 1768)
30 Sep 1768 - 19 Mar 1783  Frederick Cornwallis               (b. 1713 - d. 1783)
26 Apr 1783 - 18 Jan 1805  John Moore                         (b. 1733 - d. 1805)
21 Feb 1805 - 21 Jul 1828  Charles Manners Sutton             (b. 1755 - d. 1828)
15 Aug 1828 - 11 Feb 1848  William Howley                     (b. 1765 - d. 1848)
10 Mar 1848 -  6 Sep 1862  John Bird Sumner                   (b. 1780 - d. 1862)
26 Nov 1862 - 28 Oct 1868  Charles Thomas Longley             (b. 1794 - d. 1868)
30 Dec 1868 -  1 Dec 1882  Archibald Campbell Tait            (b. 1811 - d. 1882)
 3 Mar 1883 - 11 Oct 1896  Edward White Benson                (b. 1829 - d. 1896)
22 Dec 1896 - 22 Dec 1902  Frederick Temple                   (b. 1821 - d. 1902)
 6 Feb 1903 - 12 Nov 1928  Randall Thomas Davidson            (b. 1848 - d. 1930)
30 Nov 1928 - 31 Mar 1942  Cosmo Gordon Lang                  (b. 1864 - d. 1945)
17 Apr 1942 - 26 Oct 1944  William Temple                     (b. 1881 - d. 1944)
 2 Feb 1945 - 31 May 1961  Geoffrey Francis Fisher            (b. 1887 - d. 1972)
21 Jun 1961 - 15 Nov 1974  Arthur Michael Ramsey              (b. 1904 - d. 1988)
 5 Dec 1974 - 25 Jan 1980  Donald Coggan                      (b. 1909 - d. 2000)
25 Feb 1980 - 31 Jan 1991  Robert Alexander Kennedy Runcie    (b. 1921 - d. 2000)
19 Apr 1991 - 31 Oct 2002  George Leonard Carey               (b. 1935)
 2 Dec 2002 -              Rowan Williams                     (b. 1950)

Presidents
1947 - 1952                Anders Nygren (Sweden)             (b. 1890 - d. 1978)
1952 - 1957                Hanns Lilje (W. Germany)           (b. 1899 - d. 1977)
1957 - 10 Aug 1963         Franklin Clark Fry (U.S.)          (b. 1900 - d. 1968)
10 Aug 1963 - 22 Jul 1970  Fredrik A. Schiotz (U.S.)          (b. 1901 - d. 1989)
22 Jul 1970 - Jun 1977     Mikko E. Juva (Finland)            (b. 1918 - d. 2004)
Jun 1977 - 1984            Josiah M. Kibira (Tanzania)        (b. 1925 - d. 1988)
1984 - 1987                Zoltán Kaldy (Hungary)             (b. 1919 - d. 1987)
1987 -  8 Feb 1990         Johannes Hanselmann (W. Germany)   (b. 1927 - d. 1999)
 8 Feb 1990 - 16 Jul 1997  Gottfried Brakemeier (Brazil)      (b. 1937)
16 Jul 1997 - 31 Jul 2003  Christian Krause (Germany)         (b. 1940)
31 Jul 2003 -              Mark S. Hanson (U.S.)              (b. 1946)

(United) Lutheran Church in America

1918                       United Lutheran Church in America (UCLA) founded.
1962                       United Lutheran Church in America merges with Augustana Evangelical
                             Lutheran Church, Finnish Evangelical Lutheran Church and American
                             Evangelical Lutheran Church to form Lutheran Church in America.
 1 Jan 1988                Merged into Evangelical Lutheran Church in America.

Presidents 
1918 - Oct 1944            Frederick H. Knubel                (b. 1870 - d. 1945)
Oct 1944 - 31 May 1968     Franklin Clark Fry                 (b. 1900 - d. 1968)
1968 - 1978                Robert J. Marshall                 (b. 1918 - d. 2008)
1978 - 1980                James R. Crumley, Jr.
Bishop
1980 - 1988                James R. Crumley, Jr.

United Evangelical Lutheran Church

1896                       United Danish Evangelical Lutheran Church founded.
1946                       Renamed United Evangelical Lutheran Church.
1960                       Merged with other Lutheran groups to form American Lutheran Church.

Presidents
1896 - 1921                G.B. Christiansen
1921 - 1925                M.N. Andreasen
1925 - 1950                N.C. Carlsen
1950 - 1956                Hans C. Jersild
1956 - 1960                William Larsen


Evangelical Lutheran Church

1917                       Norwegian Lutheran Church of America (NLCA).
1946                       Renamed Evangelical Lutheran Church (ELC).
1960                       Merges into the American Lutheran Church.

Presidents
1917 - 1925                Hans G. Stub
1925 - 1954                Johan A. Aasgaard                  (b. 1876 - d. 1966)
1954 - 1960                Fredrik A. Schiotz                 (b. 1901 - d. 1989)

Lutheran Free Church

1893                       Friends of Augsburg
1897                       Lutheran Free Church established.
 1 Feb 1963                Merges into the American Lutheran Church.

Presidents
1893 - 1894                Christian T. Sangstad
1894 - 1897                Georg Sverdrup                     (b. 1848 - d. 1907)
1897 - 1899                Elias P. Harbo (1st time)          (b. 1856 - d. 19..)
1899 - 1901                Endre E. Gynild (1st time)         (b. 1859 - d. 19..)
1901 - 1903                Elias P. Harbo (2nd time)          (s.a.)
1903 - 1905                Christopher K. Ytrehus             (b. 1856 - d. 19..)
1905 - 1907                Endre E. Gynild (2nd time)         (s.a.)
1907 - 1909                Elias P. Harbo (3rd time)
1909 - 1910                Endre E. Gynild (3rd time)         (s.a.)
1910 - 1912                Paul Winter
1912 - 1914                Endre E. Gynild (4th time)         (s.a.)
1914 - 1916                Johan Mattson (1st time)
1916 - 1918                Endre E. Gynild (5th time)         (s.a.)
1918 - 1920                Johan Mattson (2nd time)
1920 - 1923                Olai H. Sletten  
1923 - 1928                Endre E. Gynild (6th time)         (s.a.)
1928 - 1930                Hans J. Urdahl
1930 - 1958                Thorvald O. Burntvedt              (b. 1888 - d. 1960)
1958 - 1963                John M. Stensvaag                  (b. 1911 - d. 1987)

(Old) American Lutheran Church

1930                       (Old) American Lutheran Church formed by merger of German Iowa
                             Synod, Buffalo Synod and Joint Synod of Ohio.
1960                       Three Lutheran groups merge to form the American Lutheran Church.

American Lutheran Church

1960                       Three Lutheran groups merge to form the American Lutheran Church.
 1 Jan 1988                Merged into the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America.

Presidents
1960 - 1970                Fredrik A. Schiotz                 (s.a.)
 1 Jan 1971 - 1973         Kent Sigvart Knutson               (b. 1924 - d. 1973)
1973 - 1988                David W. Preus                     (b. 1922)

Evangelical Lutheran Church in America

 1 Jan 1988                Lutheran Church in America, American Lutheran Church and Association
                             of Evangelical Lutheran Churches merge to form the
                             Evangelical Lutheran Church in America.

Presiding Bishops
 1 Jan 1988 - 31 Oct 1995  Herbert W. Chilstrom               (b. 1931)
 1 Nov 1995 - 31 Oct 2001  H. George Anderson                 (b. 1932)
 1 Nov 2001 -              Mark S. Hanson                     (b. 1946)

Association of Free Lutheran Congregations (AFLC)

1962                       Lutheran Free Church-Not Merged splits
                             from Lutheran Free Church.
1964                       Renamed Association of Free Lutheran Congregations.

Presidents
1962 - 1978                John P. Strand
1978 - 1992                Richard Snipstead                 (b. 1928? - d. 1998)
1992 - 2007                Robert L. Lee
 1 Oct 2007 -              Elden Nelson

1847                       German Evangelical Lutheran Synod of Missouri, Ohio and Other States
1947                       Renamed The Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod.

Presidents
1847 - 1850                Carl Ferdinand Wilhelm Walther     (b. 1811 - d. 1887)
                             (1st time) 
1850 - 1864                Friedrich Conrad Dietrich Wyneken  (b. 1810 - d. 1876)
1864 - 1878                Carl Ferdinand Wilhelm Walther     (s.a.)
                             (2nd time)
1878 - 1899                Heinrich Christian Schwan          (b. 1819 - d. 1905)
1899 - 1911                Franz August Otto Pieper           (b. 1852 - d. 1931)
1911 - 1935                Friedrich Pfotenhauer              (b. 1859 - d. 1939)
1935 - 1962                John William Behnken               (b. 1884 - d. 1968)
1962 - 1969                Oliver Raymond Harms               (b. 1901 - d. 1980)
1969 - 1981                Jacob Aall Otteson Preus II        (b. 1920 - d. 1994)
1981 - 1992                Ralph Arthur Bohlmann              (b. 1932)
11 Jul 1992 - 23 Mar 2001  Alvin L. Barry                     (b. 1931 - d. 2001)
23 Mar 2001 -  8 Sep 2001  Robert T. Kuhn                     (b. 1937)
 8 Sep 2001 -              Gerald B. Kieschnick               (b. 1943)

Association of Evangelical Lutheran Churches (AELC)

1976                       Dissident congregations withdraw from Lutheran Church-Missouri
                             Synod to form Association of Evangelical Lutheran Churches.
 1 Jan 1988                Merged into Evangelical Lutheran Church in America.

Presidents (later Presiding Bishops)
1976 - 1984                William Kohn
1984 - 31 Dec 1987         Will L. Herzfeld                   (b. 1937 - d. 2002)

Presidents
 8 Dec 1949 - 1860        Johannes Muehlhaeuser (Mühlhäuser) (b. 1803 - d. 1867)
1860 - 1864               Johann Bading (1st time)           (b. 1824 - d. 1913)
1864 -  4 Jun 1865        Gottlieb Rein                      (b. 1828 - d. 1882)
 4 Jun 1865 - 1867        Wilhelm Streissguth                (b. 1827 - d. 1915) 
1867 - 1887               Johann Bading (2nd time)           (s.a.)
1887 - 22 Dec 1908        Phillip Andreas von Rohr           (b. 1843 - d. 1908)
Dec 1908 - 1933           Gustave Ernst Bergemann            (b. 1862 - d. 1954)
1933 - 1953               John Brenner                       (b. 1874 - d. 1962)
1953 - 19 Jun 1979        Oscar John Naumann                 (b. 1909 - d. 1979)
19 Jun 1979 - 1993        Carl H. Mischke (acting to 19..) 
1993 - 2007               Karl R. Gurgel                     (b. 1941?)
2007 -                    Mark G. Schroeder                  (b. 1954?)

Archbishops of Uppsala
1681 - 1700                Olaus Swebilius                    (b. 1624 - d. 1700)
1700 - 17 Feb 1709         Eric Benzelius                     (b. 1632 - d. 1709)
1711 - 1714                Haquin Spegel                      (b. 1645 - d. 1714)
1714 - 1730                Matthias Steuchius                 (b. 1644 - d. 1730)
1730 - 21 Jun 1742         Johannes Steuchius                 (b. 1676 - d. 1742)
1742 - 23 Sep 1743         Eric Benzelius d.y.                (b. 1675 - d. 1743)
1744 - 1747                Jacob Benzelius                    (b. 1683 - d. 1747)
1747 - 20 May 1758         Henric Benzelius                   (b. 1689 - d. 1758)
1758 - 1764                Samuel Troilius                    (b. 1706 - d. 1764)
1764 - 1775                Magnus Beronius                    (b. 1692 - d. 1775)
1775 - 1786                Carl Fredrik Mennander             (b. 1712 - d. 1786)
1786 - 1803                Uno von Troil                      (b. 1746 - d. 1803)
1805 - 1819                Jacob Axelsson Lindblom            (b. 1746 - d. 1819)
1819 - 1836                Carl von Rosenstein                (b. 1766 - d. 1836)
1837 - 1839                Johan Olof Wallin                  (b. 1779 - d. 1839)
1839 - 1851                Carl Fredrik af Wingård            (b. 1781 - d. 1851)
1852 - 1855                Hans Olof Holmström                (b. 1784 - d. 1855)
1856 - 28 Jun 1870         Henrik Reuterdahl                  (b. 1795 - d. 1870)
1870 -  2 Feb 1900         Anton Niklas Sundberg              (b. 1818 - d. 1900)
1900 - 1913                Johan August Ekman                 (b. 1845 - d. 1913)
1914 - 1931                Nathan Söderblom                   (b. 1866 - d. 1931)
1931 - 1950                Erling Eidem                       (b. 1880 - d. 1972)
1950 - 1958                Yngve Brilioth                     (b. 1891 - d. 1959)
1958 - 1967                Gunnar Hultgren                    (b. 1902 - d. 1991)
1967 - 1972                Ruben Josefson                     (b. 1907 - d. 1972)
1972 - 1983                Olof Sundby                        (b. 1917 - d. 1996)
1983 - 1993                Bertil Werkström                   (b. 1928 - d. 2010)
1993 - 31 Jan 1997         Gunnar Weman                       (b. 1932)
 1 Feb 1997 -  2 Sep 2006  Karl Gustav Hammar                 (b. 1943)
 2 Sep 2006 -              Anders Wejryd                      (b. 1948)

Archbishops of Turku
1690 - 1718                Johannes Gezelius nuorempi         (b. 1647 - d. 1718)
1721 - 1728                Herman Witte                       (b. 1666 - d. 1728)
1728 -  2 Jul 1733         Lars Tammelin                      (b. 1669 - d. 1733)
1734 - 1748                Jonas Fahlenius                    (b. 1674 - d. 1748)
1748 - 1755                Johan Browallius                   (b. 1707 - d. 1755)
1757 - 1775                Carl Fredrik Mennander             (b. 1712 - d. 1786)
1776 - 1788                Jakob Haartman                     (b. 1717 - d. 1788)
1788 - 1802                Jakob Gadolin                      (b. 1719 - d. 1802)
1803 - 1832                Jakob Tengström                    (b. 1755 - d. 1832)
1833 - 1847                Erik Gabriel Melartin              (b. 1780 - d. 1847)
1850 - 19 Feb 1884         Edvard Bergenheim                  (b. 1798 - d. 1884)
1884 - 1898                Torsten Thure Renvall              (b. 1817 - d. 1898)
1899 - 1930                Gustaf Johansson                   (b. 1844 - d. 1930)
1930 - 1934                Lauri Ingman                       (b. 1868 - d. 1934)
1935 - 1944                Erkki Kaila                        (b. 1867 - d. 1944)
1945 - 1951                Aleksi Lehtonen                    (b. 1891 - d. 1951)
1951 - 1964                Ilmari Salomies                    (b. 1893 - d. 1973)
1964 - 1978                Martti Simojoki                    (b. 1908 - d. 1999)
1978 - 1982                Mikko E. Juva                      (b. 1918 - d. 2004)
1982 -  1 Dec 1998         John Vikström                      (b. 1931)
 6 Jan 1999 -              Jukka Paarma                       (b. 1942)

12 Sep 1919                Estonian Evangelical Lutheran Church 
                             formed (Eesti Evangeeliumi Luteriusu Kirik).
20 Sep 1944 -              Church in exile.

Bishops 
12 Sep 1919 - 25 Jul 1933  Jakob Kukk (acting to 5 Jun 1921) (b. 1870 - d. 1933)
25 Jul 1933 - 16 Sep 1934  Alexander Kapp (acting)           (b. 1874 - d. 1940)
16 Sep 1934 - 14 Sep 1939  Hugo Bernhard Rahamägi            (b. 1886 - d. 1941)
14 Sep 1939 - 18 Dec 1939  Jaak Varik (guardian)             (b. 1881 - d. 1941)
18 Dec 1939 - 30 Jan 1957  Johan Kõpp                        (b. 1874 - d. 1970)
                            (never consecrated, but assumes church
                             administration after election;
                             from 20 Sep 1944 in exile)
20 Sep 1944 - 26 Nov 1944  Anton Eilart                      (b. 1892 - d. 1972)
                             (acting in Estonia for exiled Kõpp)
Archbishops (in exile)
30 Jan 1957 - 1964         Johan Kõpp                        (s.a.)
26 May 1964 - 31 Dec 1971  Johannes Oskar Lauri              (b. 1891 - d. 1974)
18 Jun 1972 - 1990         Konrad Veem                       (b. 1914 - d. 1996)
15 Sep 1990 - 14 May 2006  Udo Petersoo                      (b. 1934 - d. 2006)
29/30 May 2006-10 Jun 2007 Thomas Vaga (acting)
10 Jun 2007 -              Andres Taul (in Toronto, Canada)  (b. 1936)

Evangelical Lutheran Church of Estonia

24 Oct 1949                Evangelical Lutheran Church of Estonian S.S.R.
                             constituted (Eesti Evangeelne Luterlik Kirik).

Archbishops
23 Oct 1949 - 12 Oct 1967  Jaan Kiivit                       (b. 1906 - d. 1971)
 9 Jun 1968 -  5 Oct 1977  Alfred Tooming                    (b. 1907 - d. 1977)
31 Oct 1978 - 23 Oct 1986  Edgar Hark                        (b. 1908 - d. 1986)
15 Nov 1987 - 29 Jun 1994  Kuno Pajula                       (b. 1924)
31 Oct 1994 -  2 Feb 2005  Jaan Kiivit, Jr.                  (b. 1940 - d. 2005)
 2 Feb 2005 -              Andres Poder                      (b. 1949) 

                   Adopted 1847/1849

 6 Apr 1830                Joseph Smith founds the (Mormon) Church of Jesus Christ.
Jun 1852                   Reorganized as Church of Jesus Christ of the Latter-day Saints.

First Elder
 6 Apr 1830 - 25 Jan 1832  Joseph Smith, Jr.                  (b. 1805 - d. 1844)
Presidents
25 Jan 1832 - 27 Jun 1844  Joseph Smith, Jr.                  (s.a.)
 5 Dec 1847 - 29 Aug 1877  Brigham Young                      (b. 1801 - d. 1877)
 8 Oct 1880 - 25 Jul 1887  John Taylor                        (b. 1808 - d. 1887)
 9 Apr 1889 -  2 Sep 1898  Wilford Woodruff                   (b. 1807 - d. 1898)
13 Sep 1898 - 10 Oct 1901  Lorenzo Snow                       (b. 1814 - d. 1901)
17 Oct 1901 - 19 Nov 1918  Joseph Fielding Smith              (b. 1838 - d. 1918)
23 Nov 1918 - 14 May 1945  Heber J. Grant                     (b. 1856 - d. 1945)
21 May 1945 -  4 Apr 1951  George Albert Smith                (b. 1870 - d. 1951)
 9 Apr 1951 - 18 Jan 1970  David O. McKay                     (b. 1873 - d. 1970)
23 Jan 1970 -  2 Jul 1972  Joseph Fielding Smith, Jr.         (b. 1876 - d. 1972)
 7 Jul 1972 - 26 Dec 1973  Harold B. Lee                      (b. 1889 - d. 1973)
30 Dec 1973 -  5 Nov 1985  Spencer W. Kimball                 (b. 1895 - d. 1985)
10 Nov 1985 - 30 May 1994  Ezra Taft Benson                   (b. 1899 - d. 1994)
 4 Jun 1994 -  3 Mar 1995  Howard W. Hunter                   (b. 1907 - d. 1995)
12 Mar 1995 - 27 Jan 2008  Gordon B. Hinckley                 (b. 1910 - d. 2008)
 4 Feb 2008 -              Thomas S. Monson                   (b. 1927)

 6 Apr 1860                Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
 6 Apr 2001                Renamed Community of Christ.

Presidents
 6 Apr 1860 - 10 Dec 1914  Joseph Smith III                   (b. 1832 - d. 1914)
 5 May 1915 - 20 Mar 1946  Frederick Madison Smith            (b. 1874 - d. 1946)
 6 Apr 1946 - 14 Jun 1958  Israel Alexander Smith             (b. 1876 - d. 1958)
 6 Oct 1958 -  3 Apr 1978  W. Wallace Smith                   (b. 1900 - d. 1989)
 5 Apr 1978 - 15 Apr 1996  Wallace B. Smith                   (b. 1929)
15 Apr 1996 -  1 Dec 2004  W. Grant McMurray                  (b. 1945)
 3 Jun 2005 -              Stephen M. Veazey                  (b. 1957)

1872                       International Bible Students Association.
13 Dec 1884                Zion's Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society.
22 Sep 1896                Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society.
 8 Jul 1931                Jehovah's Witnesses.

Presidents
1872 - 31 Oct 1916         Charles Taze Russell               (b. 1852 - d. 1916)
 6 Jan 1917 -  8 Jan 1942  Joseph Franklin Rutherford         (b. 1869 - d. 1942)
13 Jan 1942 -  8 Jun 1977  Nathan Homer Knorr                 (b. 1905 - d. 1977)
22 Jun 1977 - 22 Dec 1992  Frederick W. Franz                 (b. 1893 - d. 1992)
30 Dec 1992 -  7 Oct 2000  Milton G. Henschel                 (b. 1920 - d. 2003)
 7 Oct 2000 -              Don A. Adams                       (b. 1925?)

Aug 1831                   William Miller (b. 1782 - d. 1849) leads movement
                             advocating seconding coming (or advent) of Christ
                             by 1844. Movement is called "Millerism."
22 Oct 1844                The "Great Disappointment", date predicated by Miller
                             for the second coming of Christ passes.
Sep 1860                   Name Seventh-day Adventist selected.
 3 May 1861                Seventh-day Adventist publishing association was
                             officially formed.
1863                       Seventh-day Adventist Church formed.
1884                       The Church of God (Seventh-day) splinter group formed.

Presidents of the General Conference 
20 May 1863 - 17 May 1865  John Byington                      (b. 1798 - d. 1887)
17 May 1865 - 14 May 1867  James White (1st time)             (b. 1821 - d. 1881)
14 May 1867 - 18 May 1869  John N. Andrews                    (b. 1829 - d. 1883)
18 May 1869 - 29 Dec 1871  James White (2nd time)             (s.a.)
29 Dec 1871 - 10 Aug 1874  George I. Butler (1st time)        (b. 1834 - d. 1918)
10 Aug 1874 -  6 Oct 1880  James White (3rd time)             (s.a.)
 6 Oct 1880 - 17 Oct 1888  George I. Butler (2nd time)        (s.a.)
17 Oct 1888 - 19 Feb 1897  Ole A. Olsen                       (b. 1845? - d. 1915)
19 Feb 1897 -  2 Apr 1901  George A. Irwin                    (b. 1844 - d. 1913)
 2 Apr 1901 - 11 May 1922  Arthur G. Daniells                 (b. 1858 - d. 1935)
11 May 1922 - 28 May 1930  William A. Spicer                  (b. 1865 - d. 1952)
28 May 1930 - 26 May 1936  Charles H. Watson                  (b. 1877 - d. 1962)
26 May 1936 - 10 Jul 1950  J. Lamar McElhany                  (b. 1880 - d. 1959)
10 Jul 1950 - 24 May 1954  William H. Branson                 (b. 1887 - d. 1961)
24 May 1954 - 16 Jun 1966  Reuben R. Figuhr                   (b. 1896 - d. 1983)
16 Jun 1966 -  3 Jan 1979  Robert H. Pierson                  (b. 1911 - d. 1989)
 3 Jan 1979 -  5 Jul 1990  Neal C. Wilson                     (b. 1920)
 5 Jul 1990 -  1 Mar 1999  Robert S. Folkenberg               (b. 1941)
 1 Mar 1999 -              Jan Paulsen                        (b. 1935)

                      Adopted 1882

 5 Jul 1865                Salvation Army founded.

Generals
 2 Jul 1865 - 1912         William Booth                      (b. 1829 - d. 1912)
1912 -  9 Jan 1929         Bramwell Booth                     (b. 1856 - d. 1929)
13 Feb 1929 - 1934         Edward Higgins                     (b. 1882 - d. 1947)
1934 - 1939                Evangeline Booth (f)               (b. 1865 - d. 1950)
1939 - 1946                George Carpenter                   (b. 1872 - d. 1948)
21 Jun 1946 - 1954         Albert Orsborn                     (b. 1886 - d. 1967)
 1 Jul 1954 - 1963         Wilfred Kitching                   (b. 1893 - d. 1977)
23 Oct 1963 - 1969         Frederick Coutts                   (b. 1899 - d. 1986)
23 Jul 1969 -  5 Jul 1974  Erik Wickberg                      (b. 1904 - d. 1996)
 6 Jul 1974 - 1977         Clarence Wiseman                   (b. 1907 - d. 1985)
 5 Jul 1977 - 1981         Arnold Brown                       (b. 1913 - d. 2002)
1981 -  8 Jul 1986         Jarl Wahlström                     (b. 1918 - d. 1999)
 2 May 1986 -  9 Jul 1993  Eva Burrows (f)                    (b. 1929)
 9 Jul 1993 - 18 May 1994  Bramwell Tillsley                  (b. 1931)
23 Jul 1994 - 23 Jul 1999  Paul Rader                         (b. 1934)
23 Jul 1999 - 12 Nov 2002  John Gowans                        (b. 1934)
13 Nov 2002 -  1 Apr 2006  John Larsson                       (b. 1938)
 2 Apr 2006 -              Shaw Clifton                       (b. 1945)

Oct 1933                   Radio Church of God founded.
1950                       Renamed Worldwide Church of God.

Pastors-general
1933 - 16 Jan 1986         Herbert W. Armstrong               (b. 1892 - d. 1986)
1986 - 23 Sep 1995         Joseph W. Tkach                    (b. 1927 - d. 1995)
1995 -                     Joseph Tkach, Jr.                  (b. 1951)

Chief Apostles
 6 Dec 1895 - 20 Jan 1905  Fritz Krebs                        (b. 1832 - d. 1905)
21 Jan 1905 - 20 Sep 1930  Hermann Niehaus                    (b. 1848 - d. 1932)
21 Sep 1930 -  6 Jul 1960  Johann Gottfried Bischoff          (b. 1871 - d. 1960)
 7 Jul 1960 - 15 Feb 1975  Walter Schmidt                     (b. 1891 - d. 1981)
15 Feb 1975 -  8 Nov 1978  Ernst Streckeisen                  (b. 1905 - d. 1978)
18 Nov 1978 -  3 Mar 1988  Hans Urwyler                       (b. 1925 - d. 1994)
 3 Mar 1988 - 15 May 2005  Richard Fehr                       (b. 1939)
15 May 2005 -              Wilhelm Leber                      (b. 1947)

General Chairmen
1914                       Eudorus N. Bell (1st time)         (b. 1866 - d. 1923)
1914 - 1915                Archibald P. Collins               (b. 1861 - d. 1921)
1915 - 1920                John W. Welch (1st time)           (b. 1859 - d. 1939)
1920 - 15 Jun 1923         Eudorus N. Bell (2nd time)         (s.a.)
1923 - 1925                John W. Welch (2nd time)           (s.a.)
1925 - 1927                William T. Gaston                  (b. 1886 - d. 1956)
General Superintendents
1927 - 1929                William T. Gaston                  (s.a.)
1929 - 1949                Ernest S. Williams                 (b. 1885 - d. 1981)
1949 -  8 Jul 1952         Wesley R. Steelberg                (b. 1902 - d. 1952)
1952 - 1953                Gayle F. Lewis                     (b. 1898 - d. 1979)
1953 - 1959                Ralph M. Riggs                     (b. 1895 - d. 1971)
1959 - 1985                Thomas F. Zimmerman                (b. 1912 - d. 1991)
1986 - 1993                G. Raymond Carlson                 (b. 1918 - d. 1999)
15 Nov 1993 -  8 Oct 2007  Thomas E. Trask                    (b. 1936)
 8 Oct 2007 -              George O. Wood                     (b. 1942)

1957                       United Church of Christ (UCC) formed.

Presidents
1957 - 1961                James E. Wagner                    (b. 1873 - d. 1962?)
                           + Fred Hoskins
1961 - 1969                Ben M. Herbster                    (b. 1904 - d. 1984)
1969 - 1976                Robert V. Moss, Jr.                (b. 1922?)
1976 - 1977                Joseph H. Evans
1977 - 1989                Avery D. Post
1989 - 1999                Paul H. Sherry
1999 -  1 Jul 2000         John H. Thomas                     (b. 1950)
General Ministers and Presidents
 1 Jul 2000 - 17 Apr 2010  John H. Thomas                     (s.a.)
17 Apr 2010 -              Geoffrey A. Black

27 Jul 1914                Iglesia ni Cristo (Church of Christ) founded
                             in the Philippines.

Executive Ministers (Tagapamahalang Pangkalahatan)
27 Jul 1914 - 12 Apr 1963  Felix Ysagun Manalo                (b. 1886 - d. 1963)
12 Apr 1963 - 31 Aug 2009  Eraño de Guzman Manalo             (b. 1925 - d. 2009)
2009 -                     Eduardo Villanueva Manalo          (b. 1955)

Note: In the Orthodox Church there are 15 independent (autocephalous) church units, each with its own patriarch, archbishop, or metropolitan. In the traditional order of honor amongst the Orthodox churches (that is, the order through which their primates are mentioned in the liturgy when more than 3 metropolitans are present), they are: Constantinople, Alexandria, Antioch, Jerusalem, Russia, Serbia, Romania, Bulgaria, Georgia, Cyprus, Greece, Poland, Albania, Czech and Slovak Republics, and America. The Church of Constantinople and its patriarch have only a status of "first among equals", nothing more (this status means nothing more that he is the president of all Orthodox conferences), but he has no kind of power over other church units, he is the leader of only his own church unit, the Church of Constantinople. 
(Much of the Orthodox church material kindly provided by Demetrius Kiminas).

     Flag of the Orthodox Church

c.36                       Church of Byzantium founded by the Apostle Andrew (St. Andrew).
 1 May 330                 Inauguration of Constantinople
                             (foundation stone set 3 Nov 324).

Archbishops of Constantinople and New Rome, Ecumenical Patriarchs ¹
Apr/May 1694 - 19 Aug 1702 Kallinikos II (3rd time)(Callinicus II) (b. c.1630 - d. 1702)
Aug 1702 - 28 Oct 1707     Gavriil III (Gabriel III)               (b. 16.. - d. 1707)
31 Oct?1707 -  5 Nov?1707  Neophytos V (Neophytus V)               (b. 16.. - d. 17..)
 5 Nov?1707 - Jun 1709     Kyprianos I (1st time)(Cyprian I)       (b. 16.. - d. 1714)
Jun 1709                   Kyrillos IV (1st time)(Cyril IV         (b. 16.. - d. 1728)
Jun 1709 - Dec 1711        Athanasios V (Athanasius V)             (b. 16.. - d. af.1718)
15 Dec 1711 - Nov 1713     Kyrillos IV (2nd time)                  (s.a.)
Nov 1713 - 11 Mar 1714     Kyprianos I (2nd time)                  (s.a.)
11 Mar 1714 -  3 Apr 1716  Kosmas III (Cosmas III)                 (b. 16.. - d. 1736)
Apr 1716 - 30 Nov 1726     Ieremias III (1st time)(Jeremiah III)   (b. 16.. - d. 1735)
12 Jan 1718 - 28 Jan 1718  Kyrillos of Proussa²                     (b. 16.. - d. 1724)
                             (in opposition)
30 Nov 1726  (hours)       Kallinikos III (Callinicus III)         (b. 16.. - d. 1726)
 1 Dec 1726 - Sep 1732     Paisios II (1st time)(Pasius II)        (b. 16.. - d. 1756)
26 Sep 1732 - Mar/Apr 1733 Ieremias III (2nd time)                 (s.a.)
Mar/Apr 1733 - Oct 1734    Seraphim I (Seraphim I)                 (b. 16.. - d. 17..)
 8 Oct 1734 - Aug/Sep 1740 Neophytos VI (1st time)                 (b. 16.. - d. 1747)
Aug/Sep 1740 -May/Jun 1743 Paisios II (2nd time)                   (s.a.)
May/Jun 1743 -Mar/Apr 1744 Neophytos VI (2nd time)                 (s.a.)
Mar/Apr 1744 -  9 Oct 1748 Paisios II (3rd time)                   (s.a.)
 9 Oct 1748 - Jun 1751     Kyrillos V (1st time)(Cyril V of Nicea) (b. 17.. - d. 1775)
Jun 1751 - Sep 1752        Paisios II (4th time)                   (s.a.)
18 Sep 1752 - 27 Jan 1757  Kyrillos V (2nd time)                   (s.a.)
27 Jan 1757 -  2 Aug 1757  Kallinikos IV (Callinicus IV)           (b. 1713 - d. 1791)
13 Aug 1757 -  6 Apr 1761  Seraphim II (Seraphim II)               (d. 1781/82)
 6 Apr 1761 -  4 Jun 1763  Ioannikios III (Joannicius III)         (d. 1793)
 4 Jun 1763 - 16 Nov 1768  Samouil I (1st time)(Samuel I)          (b. c.1700 - d. 1775)
16 Nov 1768 - Apr 1769     Meletios II (Meletius II)               (b. c.1700 - d. af.1777)
22 Apr 1769 - 27 Nov 1773  Theodosios II (Theodosius II)           (b. 17.. - d. c.1785)
28 Nov 1773 -  4 Jan 1775  Samouil I (2nd time)                    (s.a.)
 4 Jan 1775 - 19 Oct 1780  Sophronios II (Sophronius II)           (b. 17.. - d. 1780)
19 Oct 1780 - 10 Jul 1785  Gavriil IV (Gabriel IV)                 (b. 17.. - d. 1785)
Jul 1785 - 11 May 1789     Prokopios I (Procopius I)               (b. 1734 - d. 1812)
12 May 1789 - 12 Mar 1794  Neophytos VII (1st time)(Neophytus VII) (b. 17.. - d. 18..)
14 Mar 1794 - 30 Apr 1797  Gerasimos III (Gerasimus III)           (b. 17.. - d. c.1800)
30 Apr 1797 - 29 Dec 1798  Grigorios V (1st time)(St. Gregory V)   (b. 1746 - d. 1821)
30 Dec 1798 - 29 Jun 1801  Neophytos VII (2nd time)                (s.a.)
29 Jul 1801 -  4 Oct 1806  Kallinikos V (1st time) (Callinicus V)  (b. 17.. - d. 18..)
 5 Oct 1806 - 22 Sep 1808  Grigorios V (2nd time)                  (s.a.)
22 Sep 1808 -  5 May 1809  Kallinikos V (2nd time)                 (s.a.)
 5 May 1809 - 16 Mar 1813  Ieremias IV (Jeremiah IV)               (b. 17.. - d. 1824)
16 Mar 1813 - 25 Dec 1818  Kyrillos VI (Cyril VI)                  (b. 1775 - d. 1821)
26 Dec 1818 - 22 Apr 1821  Grigorios V (3rd time)                  (s.a.)
22 Apr 1821 -  8 Aug 1822  Evgenios II (Eugenius II)               (b. 1780? - d. 1822)
 9 Aug 1822 - 21 Jul 1824  Anthimos III (Anthimus III)             (b. 17.. - d. 1842)
21 Jul 1824 -  8 Oct 1826  Chrysanthos I (Chrysanthus I)           (b. 1755? - d. 1834)
 8 Oct 1826 - 17 Jul 1830  Agathangelos I (Agathangel I)           (b. 17.. - d. 1831)
18 Jul 1830 - 30 Aug 1834  Konstantios I (Constantius I)           (b. 1770 - d. 1859)
30 Aug 1834 -  8 Oct 1835  Konstantios II (Constantius II)         (b. 1760? - d. 1859)
 9 Oct 1835 -  3 Mar 1840  Grigorios VI (1st time)(Gregory VI)     (b. 1798 - d. 1881)
 3 Mar 1840 - 18 May 1841  Anthimos IV (1st time)(Anthimus IV)     (b. 1788 - d. 1878)
18 May 1841 - 24 Jun 1842  Anthimos V (Anthimus V)                 (b. 17.. - d. 1842)
26 Jun 1842 - 30 Apr 1845  Germanos IV (1st time) (Germanus IV)    (b. 1788 - d. 1853)
30 Apr 1845 - 10 Dec 1845  Meletios III (Meletius III)             (b. 1772? - d. 1845)
16 Dec 1845 - 30 Oct 1848  Anthimos VI (1st time) (Anthimus VI)    (b. 1782 - d. 1878)
30 Oct 1848 - 11 Nov 1852  Anthimos IV (2nd time)                  (s.a.)
13 Nov 1852 - 28 Sep 1853  Germanos IV (2nd time)                  (s.a.)
 6 Oct 1853 -  3 Oct 1855  Anthimos VI (2nd time)                  (s.a.)
 3 Oct 1855 - 13 Jul 1860  Kyrillos VII (Cyril VII)                (b. 1800? - d. 1872)
19 Jul 1860 - 16 Oct 1860  Ioannikios of Nikaia                    (d. 1879)
                             (Locum Tenens)
16 Oct 1860 - 21 Jul 1863  Ioakim II (1st time)(Joachim II)        (b. 1802 - d. 1878)
23 Jul 1863 -  2 Oct 1863  Meletios of Raskopresreni               (d. 1895)
                             (Locum Tenens)
 2 Oct 1863 - 16 Sep 1866  Sophronios III (Sophronius III)         (b. 1798 - d. 1899)
17 Dec 1866 - 22 Feb 1867  Neophytos of Korytsa                    (d. 1874)
                             (Locum Tenens)
22 Feb 1867 - 22 Jun 1871  Grigorios VI (2nd time)                 (s.a.)
23 Jun 1871 - 17 Sep 1871  Dionysios of Didymotichon               (b. 1820 - d. 1891)
                             (Locum Tenens)(later Dionysios V)
17 Sep 1871 - 12 Oct 1873  Anthimos VI (3rd time)                  (s.a.)
12 Oct 1873 -  5 Dec 1873  Seraphim of Arta (Locum Tenens)         (d. 1894)
 5 Dec 1873 - 16 Aug 1878  Ioakim II (2nd time)                    (s.a.)
19 Aug 1878 - 16 Oct 1878  Agathangelos of Ephesos                 (b. 1818 - d. 1893)
                             (1st time) (Locum Tenens)
16 Oct 1878 - 11 Apr 1884  Ioakim III (1st time)(Joachim III)      (b. 1834 - d. 1912)
11 Apr 1884 - 13 Oct 1884  Agathangelos of Ephesos                 (s.a.)
                             (2nd time) (Locum Tenens) 
13 Oct 1884 - 26 Nov 1886  Ioakim IV (Joachim IV)                  (b. 1837 - d. 1887)
28 Nov 1886 -  4 Feb 1887  Ioannis of Kaisaria (Locum Tenens)      (b. 1834 - d. 1902)
 4 Feb 1887 - 25 Aug 1891  Dionysios V (Dionysius V)               (s.a.)
28 Aug 1891 -  8 Nov 1891  Dorotheos of Velegrades                 (d. 1924)
                             (Locum Tenens)
 8 Nov 1891 -  6 Nov 1894  Neophytos VIII (Neophytus VIII)         (b. 1832 - d. 1909)
 7 Nov 1894 -  1 Feb 1895  Nathanail of Prousa (1st time)          (d. 1910)
                             (Locum Tenens)
 1 Feb 1895 - 10 Feb 1897  Anthimos VII (Anthimus VII)             (b. 1827 - d. 1913)
10 Feb 1897 - 14 Apr 1897  Konstantinos of Ephesos                 (b. 1833 - d. 1914)
                             (Locum Tenens)
14 Apr 1897 -  9 Apr 1901  Konstantinos V (Constantine V)          (s.a.)
12 Apr 1901 -  7 Jun 1901  Nathanail of Prousa (2nd time)          (s.a.)
                             (Locum Tenens)
 7 Jun 1901 - 26 Nov 1912  Ioakim III (2nd time)                   (s.a.)
 3 Dec 1912 - 10 Feb 1913  Germanos of Amasia (Locum Tenens)       (b. 1866 - d. 1935)
10 Feb 1913 - 25 Oct 1918  Germanos V (Germanus V)                 (b. 1835 - d. 1920)
25 Oct 1918 - 19 Mar 1921  Dorotheos of Prousa (Locum Tenens)      (b. 1861 - d. 1921)
Mar 1921 -  8 Dec 1921     Nikolaos of Kaisaria (1st time)         (b. 1862 - d. 1927)
                             (Locum Tenens)
 8 Dec 1921 - 20 Sep 1923  Meletios IV (Meletius IV)               (b. 1871 - d. 1935)
                             (in exile from 10 Jul 1923)
10 Jul 1923 -  2 Oct 1923  Nikolaos of Kaisaria (2nd time)         (s.a.)
                             (Head of Synod)
 2 Oct 1923 -  6 Dec 1923  Kallinikos of Kyzikos (1st time)        (b. 1855 - d. 1934)
                             (Head of Synod)
 6 Dec 1923 - 17 Nov 1924  Grigorios VII (Gregory VII)             (b. 1855 - d. 1924)
17 Nov 1924 - 24 Nov 1924  Kallinikos of Kyzikos (2nd time)        (s.a.)
                             (Head of Synod)
24 Nov 1924 - 17 Dec 1924  Vasilios of Nikaia (Head of Synod)      (b. 1846 - d. 1929)
17 Dec 1924 - 22 May 1925  Konstantinos VI (Constantine VI)        (b. 1860 - d. 1930)
                             (in exile from 30 Jan 1925)
22 May 1925 - 13 Jul 1925  Nikolaos of Kaisaria (3rd time)         (s.a.)
                             (Head of Synod)
13 Jul 1925 - 29 Sep 1929  Vasilios III (Basil III)                (s.a.)
29 Sep 1929 -  7 Oct 1929  Kallinikos of Kyzikos (3rd time)        (s.a.)
                             (Head of Synod)
 7 Oct 1929 - 29 Dec 1935  Photios II (Photius II)                 (b. 1874 - d. 1935)
29 Dec 1935 - 18 Jan 1936  Veniamin of Iraklia                     (b. 1871 - d. 1946)
                             (Head of Synod)
18 Jan 1936 - 17 Feb 1946  Veniamin I (Benjamin I)                 (s.a.)
17 Feb 1946 - 20 Feb 1946  Maximos of Chalkidon                    (b. 1897 - d. 1972)
                             (Head of Synod)
20 Feb 1946 - 18 Oct 1948  Maximos V (Maximus V)                   (s.a.)
18 Oct 1948 -  1 Nov 1948  Thomas of Chalkidon                     (b. 1889 - d. 1966)
                             (Head of Synod)
 1 Nov 1948 -  7 Jul 1972  Athinagoras I (Athenagoras I)           (b. 1886 - d. 1972)
 7 Jul 1972 - 16 Jul 1972  Meliton of Chalkidon                    (b. 1913 - d. 1989)
                             (Head of Synod)
16 Jul 1972 -  2 Oct 1991  Dimitrios I (Demetrius I)               (b. 1914 - d. 1991)
 2 Oct 1991 - 22 Oct 1991  Vartholomaios of Chalkidon              (b. 1940)
                             (Head of Synod)
22 Oct 1991 -              Vartholomaios I (Bartholomew I)         (s.a.)

 ¹The Ecumenical Patriarch is also officially the "Spiritual Leader" of the "Autonomous Monastic State of Ayion Oros", (also styled "Athonian Republic"), that is, he is the Head of that Autonomous State, which itself is part of Greece.

 ²This is an interesting case. A faction who wanted to remove Ieremias from the throne
decided to support Kyrillos of Proussa for Patriarch, although he himself had no such aspirations. They paid good money to the Turkish officials who declared that Kyrillos 
should take the place of Ieremias as Patriarch. Subsequently, Ieremias went into hiding.
Kyrillos, however, refused to take the place of Ieremias in the Patriarchal throne, and the'
situation became irregular. On 28 Jan the Turks, seeing that no one came to the throne,
let Ieremias continue as Patriarch.

c.43                       Church of Alexandria founded by the Apostle Mark (St. Mark).

Popes and Patriarchs of Alexandria and All Africa 
 3 Nov 1688 - 31 Jan 1710  Gerasimos II                       (b. 16.. - d. 1714)
 2 Feb 1710 - Jan/Feb 1712 Samouil I (1st time)               (b. 1661 - d. 1723)
Jan/Feb 1712-Jan/Feb 1714  Kosmas II (1st time)               (b. 16.. - d. 1736)
Jan/Feb 1714 - Sep 1723    Samouil I (2nd time)               (s.a.)
23 Sep 1723 -  9 Dec 1736  Kosmas II (2nd time)               (s.a.)
16 Mar 1737 - 14 Jun 1746  Kosmas III                         (b. 16.. - d. 1746)
29 Aug 1746 - 20 Jul 1766  Mattheos I                         (b. c.1700 - d. 1775)
23 Jul 1766 -  1 Jul 1783  Kyprianos I                        (b. 1723? - d. 1783)
 1 Jul 1783 - 17 Aug 1788  Gerasimos III                      (b. 17.. - d. 1788)
24 Sep 1788 - 21 Sep 1805  Parthenios II                      (b. 1735 - d. 1805)
21 Nov 1805 - 26 Oct 1825  Theophilos III                     (b. 1764 - d. 1833)
10 Nov 1825 - 20 Sep 1845  Ierotheos I                        (b. 17.. - d. 1845)
 9 Oct 1845 - 11 Feb 1847  Artemios I                         (b. 17.. - d. 1852)
 2 May 1847 - 13 Jan 1858  Ierotheos II                       (b. 17.. - d. 1858)
 7 Feb 1858 -  5 Jun 1861  Kallinikos I                       (b. 1800 - d. 1889)
 6 Jun 1861 - 12 Jan 1866  Iakovos I (or II)                  (b. 1803 - d. 1866)
16 Jan 1866 - 17 Jan 1866  Chrysanthos of Pentapolis          (d. 1874)
                             (Locum Tenens)
17 Jan 1866 - 31 Mar 1869  Nikanor I                          (d. 1870)
Dec 1866 - 22 Feb 1868     Evgenios Xiropotamitis             (d. 1875)
                             (Locum Tenens)(in opposition)
31 Mar 1869 -  2 Apr 1869  Nilos of Pentapolis (Locum Tenens) (b. c.1800 - d. 1887)
 2 Apr 1869 - 11 Jun 1870  Nilos I                            (s.a.)
11 Jun 1870 -  3 Sep 1899  Sophronios IV                      (b. 1798 - d. 1899)
Sep 1899 - 22 Jan 1900     Meletios Apostolopoulos            (d. 1919)
                             (Locum Tenens)
22 Jan 1900 -  4 Sep 1925  Photios I                          (b. 1853 - d. 1925)
 4 Sep 1925 - 20 May 1929  Theophanis of Tripolis (1st time)  (b. 1864 - d. 1954)
                             (Locum Tenens)
20 May 1926 - 28 Jul 1935  Meletios II                        (b. 1871 - d. 1935)
 4 Aug 1935 - 11 Feb 1936  Theophanis of Tripolis (2nd time)  (s.a.)
                             (Locum Tenens)
11 Feb 1936 -  3 Mar 1939  Nikolaos V                         (b. 1876 - d. 1939)
Mar 1939 - 21 Jun 1939     Theophanis of Tripolis (3rd time)  (s.a.)
                             (Locum Tenens)
21 Jun 1939 - 16 Nov 1966  Christophoros II                   (b. 1876 - d. 1967)
Nov 1966 - 10 May 1968     Konstantinos of Leontopolis        (b. 1887 - d. 1980)
                             (Locum Tenens)
10 May 1968 -  9 Jul 1986  Nikolaos VI                        (b. 1915 - d. 1986)
Jul 1986 - 27 Feb 1987     Varnavas of Pilousion              (b. 1921 - d. 1993)
                             (Locum Tenens)
27 Feb 1987 - 23 Jul 1996  Parthenios III                     (b. 1919 - d. 1996)
Jul 1996 - 21 Feb 1997     Pavlos of Ioannoupolis             (b. 1920)
                             (Locum Tenens)
21 Feb 1997 - 11 Sep 2004  Petros VII                         (b. 1949 - d. 2004)
18 Sep 2004 -  9 Oct 2004  Petros of Axomi (Locum Tenens)     (b. 1932)
 9 Oct 2004 -              Theodoros II                       (b. 1954)

c.44                       Church of Antioch founded by the Apostle Peter (St. Peter).

Patriarchs of Antioch and All the East
1684 - 16 Feb 1720         Kyrillos VI (2nd time)             (b. 1657 - d. 1720)
 5 Jul 1686 - Oct/Nov 1694 Athanasios III (1st time)          (b. 16.. - d. 1724)
                             (in opposition)
16 Feb 1720 - 24 Jul 1724  Athanasios III (2nd time)          (s.a.)
 8 Oct 1724 - 24 Mar 1766  Silvestros I                       (d. 1766)
 9 May 1766 - 16 Jul 1767  Philimon I                         (d. 1767)
17 Aug 1767 - 26 Dec 1791  Daniil I                           (b. 1736? - d. 1793)
Jan? 1792 -  1 Aug 1813    Anthemios I                        (b. 17.. - d. 1813)
Aug 1813 -  3 Mar 1823     Seraphim I                         (b. 17.. - d. 1823)
25 May 1823 -  6 Jul 1850  Methodios I                        (b. 1771 - d. 1850)
19 Oct 1850 - 28 Mar 1885  Ierotheos I                        (b. 1800 - d. 1885)
Mar 1885 -  3 Jun 1885     Seraphim of Irinoupolis (1st time) (b. 18.. - d. 1906) 
                             (Locum Tenens)
 3 Jun 1885 - 24 Apr 1891  Gerasimos I                        (b. 1839 - d. 1897)
Apr 1891 - 14 Oct 1891     Seraphim of Irinoupolis (2nd time) (s.a.)
                             (Locum Tenens)
14 Oct 1891 - 12 Feb 1898  Spyridon I                         (b. 1839 - d. 1921)
 7 Jan 1898 -  8 Mar 1899  Germanos of Tarsos (Locum Tenens)
                             (in opposition to 12 Feb 1898)
24 May 1898 - 27 Apr 1899  Meletios of Laodikia               (b. 1839 - d. 1906)
                             (Locum Tenens)
                             (in opposition to 8 Mar 1899)
27 Apr 1899 - 21 Feb 1906  Meletios II                        (s.a.)
Feb 1906 - 29 Jun 1906     Athanasios of Emessa               (b. 1853 - d. 1924)
                             (Locum Tenens)
29 Jun 1906 - 12 Dec 1928  Grigorios IV                       (b. 1859 - d. 1928)
Dec 1928 -  9 Feb 1931¹    Arsenios of Laodikia               (d. 1933)
                             (Locum Tenens)
 9 Feb 1931 - 15 Jan 1933  Arsenios II                        (s.a.)
12 Feb 1931 - 17 Jun 1958  Alexandros III                     (b. 1869 - d. 1958)
                             (in opposition to 15 Jan 1933)¹
Jun 1958 - 14 Nov 1958     Theodosios of Tripolis             (b. 1886 - d. 1970)
                             (Locum Tenens)
14 Nov 1958 - 19 Sep 1970  Theodosios VI                      (s.a.)
Sep 1970 - 25 Sep 1970     Ilias of Aleppo (Locum Tenens)     (b. 1914 - d. 1979)
25 Sep 1970 - 21 Jun 1979  Ilias IV                           (s.a.)
Jun 1979 -  2 Jul 1979     Ilias of Tripolis (Locum Tenens)   (b. 1925 - d. 2009)
 2 Jul 1979 -              Ignatios IV                        (b. 1920)

 ¹When Grigorios IV died in Dec 1928, the Holy Synod deadlocked, eventually splitting into two factions. The larger section elected Arsenios II (s.a.), the smaller one Alexandros III (s.a.). They reconciled briefly in 1931, the factions agreeing that both men would be considered valid patriarchs until one of them died. However, Arsenios died in 1933 and is now considered an anti-patriarch for that period. Another member of his faction, Epiphanios, was elected his successor as patriarch in 1935, but eventually resigned his title and rejoined the Holy Synod.

c.44                       Church of Jerusalem founded by Apostle James (St. James).

Patriarchs of Jerusalem, Palestine, Syria, beyond Jordan River, Canaa of Galilee and Holy Zion 
 2 Feb 1669 - 18 Feb 1707  Dositheos II                       (b. 1641 - d. 1707)
19 Feb 1707 - 18 Feb 1731  Chrysanthos I                      (b. 1663 - d. 1731)
Feb/Mar 1731-Mar/Apr 1737  Meletios I                         (b. 16.. - d. 17..)
Mar/Apr 1737 - 28 Oct 1766 Parthenios I                       (b. 1685 - d. 1770)
Dec 1766 - 26 Apr 1770     Ephraim II                         (d. 1770)
28 Apr 1770 -  4 Jan 1775  Sophronios V                       (b. 17.. - d. 1780)
Jun/Jul 1775 - 13 Nov 1787 Avramios I                         (b. 17.. - d. 1787)
13 Nov 1787 -  3 Nov 1788  Prokopios I                        (b. 17.. - d. 1788)
 4 Nov 1788 - 22 Nov 1808  Anthimos I                         (b. 1717 - d. 1808)
22 Nov 1808 - 15 Jan 1827  Polykarpos I                       (b. 17.. - d. 1827)
27 Jan 1827 - 28 Dec 1844  Athanasios V                       (b. 17.. - d. 1844)
28 Mar 1845 - 19 Nov 1872  Kyrillos II                        (b. 1792 - d. 1877)
14 Dec 1872 - 28 Dec 1872  Prokopios of Petra (Locum Tenens)  (d. 1880)
28 Dec 1872 - 10 Mar 1875  Prokopios II                       (s.a.)
10 Mar 1875 - 19 May 1875  Ioasaph of Philadelphia            (d. 1888)
                             (Locum Tenens)
19 May 1875 - 23 Jun 1882  Ierotheos I                        (d. 1882)
23 Jun 1882 - 25 Oct 1882  Nikiphoros of Petra (1st time)     (b. 1817 - d. 1909)
                             (Locum Tenens)
25 Oct 1882 -  3 Jan 1883  Photios I (not consecrated)        (b. 1853 - d. 1925)
 3 Jan 1883 - 16 Aug 1883  Nikiphoros of Petra (2nd time)     (s.a.)
                             (Locum Tenens)
16 Aug 1883 - 11 Aug 1890  Nikodimos I                        (b. 1827 - d. 1910)
14 Aug 1890 - 11 Mar 1891  Nikiphoros of Petra (3rd time)     (s.a.)
                             (Locum Tenens)
11 Mar 1891 - 21 Feb 1897  Gerasimos II                       (b. 1839 - d. 1897)
Feb 1897 - 22 Jul 1897     Damianos of Philadelphia           (b. 1848 - d. 1931)
                             (Locum Tenens)
22 Jul 1897 - 19 Sep 1918  Damianos I (1st time)              (s.a.)
                             (in exile from 1917)
19 Sep 1918 -  5 Jan 1919  Porphyrios of Sinai (Locum Tenens) (b. 1859 - d. 1926)
 5 Jan 1919 - 14 Aug 1931  Damianos I (2nd time)              (s.a.)
14 Aug 1931 -  1 Oct 1934  Keladion of Ptolemais              (b. 1870 - d. 1944)
                             (Locum Tenens)
 1 Oct 1934 - 22 Jul 1935  Meliton of Madavon (Locum Tenens)  (d. 1943)
22 Jul 1935 - 31 Dec 1955  Timotheos I                        (b. 1878 - d. 1955)
 1 Jan 1956 - 29 Jan 1957  Athinagoras of Sevastia            (b. 1894 - d. 1966)
                             (Locum Tenens)
29 Jan 1957 - 11 Dec 1980  Venediktos I                       (b. 1892 - d. 1980)
Dec 1980 - 16 Feb 1981     Germanos of Petra (Locum Tenens)   (b. 1920 - d. 1991)
16 Feb 1981 - 19 Dec 2000  Diodoros I                         (b. 1923 - d. 2000)
20 Dec 2000 - 13 Aug 2001  Kornilios of Petra (1st time)      (b. 1936)
                             (Locum Tenens)
13 Aug 2001 - 24 May 2005  Irinaios I                         (b. 1939)
 6 May 2005 - 30 May 2005  Commission
                           (in opposition to 24 May 2005)
                           - Kornilios of Petra               (s.a.)
                           - Vasilios of Kaisaria             (b. 1923)
                           - Isychios of Kapitolias           (b. 1944)
30 May 2005 - 22 Aug 2005  Kornilios of Petra (2nd time)      (s.a.)
                             (Locum Tenens)
22 Aug 2005 -              Theophilos III                     (b. 1952)

Flag of Aleksy II  1990 - 2008

Flag of Kirill I since 2009

988                        Metropolis of Kiev founded.
1318                       See transferred to Moscow.
1448                       Autocephaly
 2 Feb 1589                See elevated to Patriarchate by Constantinople.
25 Feb 1721                Patriarchate abolished.¹
10 Sep 1917                Patriarchate restored.

Patriarchs of Moscow and All Russia
 3 Sep 1690 - 27 Oct 1700  Adrian I                           (b. 1637 - d. 1700) 
27 Oct 1700 - 27 Dec 1701  Trifily of Krutitsk                (b. 16.. - d. 1702) 
                             (Locum Tenens) 
27 Dec 1701 -  8 Dec 1722  Stefan of Ryazan                   (b. 1658 - d. 1722) 
                             (Locum Tenens; from 25 Feb 1721, Head of Synod) 
Metropolitans of Moscow²
12 Sep 1742 - 21 Jun 1745  Iosif                              (d. 1745)
21 Jun 1745 - 25 Jun 1754  Platon I                           (d. 1754)
25 Jun 1754 -  2 Nov 1757  Ilarion of Krutitsy (Locum Tenens)
 2 Nov 1757 - 29 Apr 1767  Timofey                            (b. 1698 - d. 1767)
29 Jan 1768 - 27 Sep 1771  Ambrosius                          (b. 1708 - d. 1771)
27 Sep 1771 - 31 Jan 1775  Samuil of Krutitsy (Locum Tenens)
31 Jan 1775 - 25 Jun 1811  Platon II                          (b. 1737 - d. 1811)
25 Jun 1811 - 15 Mar 1819  Avgustin                           (b. 1766 - d. 1819)
27 Mar 1819 -  1 Jul 1821  Serafim                            (b. 1763 - d. 1843)
15 Jul 1821 -  1 Dec 1867  Filaret                            (b. 1784 - d. 1867)
17 Jan 1868 - 12 Apr 1879  Innokenty                          (b. 1797 - d. 1879)
20 Apr 1879 - 21 Jun 1882  Makary I                           (b. 1816 - d. 1882)
 9 Jul 1882 - 29 Nov 1891  Ioanniky                           (b. 1826 - d. 1900)
29 Nov 1891 - 13 Aug 1893  Leonty                             (b. 1822 - d. 1893)
21 Aug 1893 - 23 Feb 1898  Sergy                              (b. 1820 - d. 1898)
 5 Mar 1898 -  6 Dec 1912  Vladimir                           (b. 1848 - d. 1918)
 8 Dec 1912 -  2 Apr 1917  Makary II                          (b. 1835 - d. 1926)
26 Aug 1917 - 23 Nov 1917  Tikhon                             (b. 1865 - d. 1925)
Metropolitans of St. Petersburg
12 Sep 1742 - 13 Feb 1745  Nikodim                            (d. 1751)
21 Mar 1745 -  3 May 1750  Feodosy                            (b. 1696 - d. 1750)
 6 May 1750 - 28 Apr 1761  Silvestr                           (b. 1701 - d. 1761)
26 Sep 1761 -  5 Aug 1762  Veniamin                           (d. 1785)
 5 Aug 1762 -  3 Oct 1770  Gavriil I                          (b. 1708 - d. 1783)
 3 Oct 1770 - 27 Oct 1799  Gavriil II                         (b. 1730 - d. 1801)
27 Oct 1799 -  7 Apr 1818  Amvrosy                            (b. 1742 - d. 1818)
 7 Apr 1818 -  5 Apr 1821  Mikhail                            (b. 1762 - d. 1821)
 1 Jul 1821 - 29 Jan 1843  Serafim                            (b. 1763 - d. 1843)
29 Jan 1843 - 28 Nov 1848  Antony                             (b. 1789 - d. 1848)
 2 Dec 1848 - 29 Sep 1856  Nikanor                            (b. 1787 - d. 1856)
13 Oct 1856 - 29 Jun 1860  Grigory                            (b. 1784 - d. 1860)
13 Jul 1860 - 19 Sep 1892  Isidor                             (b. 1799 - d. 1892)
30 Oct 1892 - 17 Dec 1898  Pallady                            (b. 1827 - d. 1898)
 6 Jan 1899 - 15 Nov 1912  Antony                             (b. 1846 - d. 1912)
 6 Dec 1912 -  6 Dec 1915  Vladimir                           (b. 1848 - d. 1918)
 6 Dec 1915 - 19 Mar 1917  Pitirim                            (b. 1857 - d. 1919)
Metropolitans of Kiev
30 May 1722 - 23 Nov 1917  see Orthodox Church of Ukraine
Patriarchs of Moscow and All Russia
23 Nov 1917 -  7 Apr 1925  Tikhon I                           (s.a.) 
                            (imprisoned May 1922 - 25 Jun 1923)
May 1922 - Jun 1922        Agafangel of Yaroslavl             (b. 1854 - d. 1928)
                            (Locum Tenens)
12 Apr 1925 - 10 Oct 1937  Pyotr of Krutitsk                  (b. 1862 - d. 1937) 
                            (Locum Tenens) 
14 Dec 1925 -  8 Dec 1926  Sergy of Nizhny Novgorod           (b. 1867 - d. 1944) 
                            (1st time)(acting for Pyotr)
 8 Dec 1926 - 29 Dec 1926  Iosif of Leningrad                 (b. 1872 - d. 1937) 
                            (acting for Pyotr)
29 Dec 1926 - 12 Apr 1927  Serafim of Uglitsesk               (b. 1881 - d. 1937) 
                            (acting for Pyotr)
12 Apr 1927 - 10 Oct 1937  Sergy of Nizhny Novgorod           (s.a.) 
                            (from 27 Apr 1934, Sergius of 
                             Moscow) (2nd time)
                            (acting for Peter)
10 Oct 1937 -  8 Sep 1943  Sergy of Moscow (Locum Tenens)     (s.a.) 
 8 Sep 1943 - 15 May 1944  Sergy I                            (s.a.) 
15 May 1944 -  2 Feb 1945  Aleksy of Leningrad                (b. 1877 - d. 1970) 
                            (Locum Tenens) 
 2 Feb 1945 - 17 Apr 1970  Aleksy I                           (s.a.)
18 Apr 1970 -  2 Jun 1971  Pimen of Krutitsk (Locum Tenens)   (b. 1910 - d. 1990) 
 2 Jun 1971 -  3 May 1990  Pimen I                            (s.a.)
 3 May 1990 -  7 Jun 1990  Filaret of Kiev (Locum Tenens)     (b. 1929) 
 7 Jun 1990 -  5 Dec 2008  Aleksy II                          (b. 1929 - d. 2008)
 6 Dec 2008 - 27 Jan 2009  Kirill of Smolensk and Kaliningrad (b. 1946)
                             (Locum Tenens)
27 Jan 2009 -              Kirill I                           (s.a.)

 ¹The Russian Church was then administered by the Holy Synod in which the Metropolitans of Moscow, St. Petersburg, and Kiev were permanent members. This Synod was recognized as the Patriarchate of Russia by the rest of Orthodoxy.

 ²Full titles: Metropolitans of Moscow and Vladimir (1742-48); Metropolitans of Moscow and Sevsk (1748-64); Metropolitans of Moscow and Kaluga (1764-99); Metropolitans of Moscow and Kolomna (1799-1917). 

Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia

1921                       Russian Orthodox Church Outside Russia established
                            (also called Russian Orthodox Church Abroad).
17 May 2007                Church unification act signed re-establishing canonical ties
                             with the Russian Orthodox Church.

16 Aug 1219                Autocephaly granted by Constantinople.
11 Apr 1346                Unilateral elevation of See to Patriarchate (of Pec).
1379                       Patriarchate recognized by Constantinople.
30 Jun 1459                Patriarchate abolished by Constantinople.
1557                       Patriarchate restored by Constantinople.
22 Sep 1766                Patriarchate abolished by Constantinople.
29 Aug 1831                Autonomy restored by Constantinople.
 1 Nov 1879                Autocephaly restored by Constantinople.
12 Sep 1920                Patriarchate restored by Constantinople.

Patriarchs of Pec
1672 - 1693                Arsenije III Carnojevic            (b. 1633 - d. 1706)
1693 - 27 Aug 1710         Kalinik I Skopljanac               (b. 16.. - d. 1710)
                             (co-adjutor 1691-93)
17 Jan 1711 -  4 May 1712  Atanasije I Ljubojevic             (b. 16.. - d. 1712)
17 Oct 1712 - 1725         Mojsije Rajovic                    (d. 1726)
1725 - 1739                Arsenije IV Jovanovic              (b. 1698 - d. 1748)
May/Jun 1739 - 1746        Joanikije III Karadza              (d. 1793)
                             (co-adjutor 1737-39)
1747 - 12 Apr 1752         Atanasije II Gavrilovic            (d. 1752)
Apr 1752 - May 1752        Gavrilo II Sarajevac               (d. 1752)
May/Jun 1752 - 1754        Gavrilo III Nikolin (1st time)     (d. 1779)
1754 - 1756                Vikentije Stefanovic
1756 - Jun/Jul 1757        Pajsije II Grk
Jun/Jul 1757-Mar/Apr 1758  Gavrilo III Nikolin (2nd time)     (s.a.)
Mar/Apr 1758 - 1763        Kirilo II Grk
1763 - Apr 1765            Vasilije Jovanovic Brkic           (b. 1719 - d. 1772)
1765 - 22 Sep 1766         Kalinik II Grk
Metropolitans of Belgrade (under Ecumenical Patriarchate)
1766 - 12 Jul 1784         Jeremija Papazoglu
Jul/Aug 1785 - 1791        Dionizije I Papazoglu              (b. 1750 - d. 1828)
Sep/Oct 1791 - 28 Feb 1801 Metodije                           (b. 17.. - d. 1801)
Apr/May 1801-Sep/Oct 1813  Leontije Lambrovic                 (d. 1822)
1809 - 1811                Hadzi Melentije Stevanovic         (b. 1766 - d. 1824)
                             (in opposition)
1813 - 1815                Dionizije II Niski                 (d. 1815)
Nov/Dec 1815-Aug/Sep 1825  Agatangel                          (d. 1831)
1815 - 1816                Melentije Pavlovic                 (b. 1776 - d. 1833)
                             (in opposition)
Aug/Sep 1825 - 26 Feb 1827 Kiril                              (d. 1827)
Mar/Apr 1827 - 1830        Antim                              (b. 1759 - d. 1852)
Metropolitans of Serbia
29 Aug 1831 - 23 Jun 1833  Melentije Pavlovic                 (s.a.)
Dec 1833 - Jan/Feb 1859    Petar Jovanovic                    (b. 1800 - d. 1864)
 6 Aug 1859 - 30 Oct 1881  Mihailo II Jovanovic (1st time)    (b. 1826 - d. 1898)
30 Oct 1881 -  1 Apr 1883  Mojsije Veresic of Timok           (b. 1835 - d. 1896)
                             (Locum Tenens)
 1 Apr 1883 - May 1889     Teodosije Mraovic                  (b. 1815 - d. 1892)
18 May 1889 - 17 Feb 1898  Mihailo II Jovanovic (2nd time)    (s.a.)
17 Feb 1898 -  1 Jun 1905  Inokentije Pavlovic                (b. 1840 - d. 1905)
                             (Locum Tenens to 27 Feb 1898)
 1 Jun 1905 - 25 Nov 1920  Dimitrije Pavlovic                 (b. 1846 - d. 1930)
                             (Locum Tenens to 1 Sep 1905)
Serbian Patriarchs, Archbishops of Pec, Metropolitans of Belgrade and Karlovci
25 Nov 1920 -  6 Apr 1930  Dimitrije                          (s.a.)
 6 Apr 1930 - 24 Jul 1937  Varnava                            (b. 1880 - d. 1937)
                             (Locum Tenens to 12 Apr 1930)
24 Jul 1937 - 21 Feb 1938  Dositej Vasic of Zagreb            (b. 1887 - d. 1945)
                             (Locum Tenens)
21 Feb 1938 -  7 May 1950  Gavrilo V                          (b. 1881 - d. 1950)
                             (German prisoner 25 May 1941 - 1945)
25 May 1941 - 14 Nov 1946  Josif Cvijovic of Skopje           (b. 1878 - d. 1957)
                             (Locum Tenens)
 7 May 1950 -  1 Jul 1950  Arsenije Bradvarovic of Montenegro (b. 1883 - d. 1963)
                             (Locum Tenens)
 1 Jul 1950 -  5 Jul 1958  Vikentije                          (b. 1890 - d. 1958)
 5 Jul 1958 - 14 Sep 1958  Hrizostom Vojnovic of Branicevo    (b. 1911 - d. 1989)
                             (Locum Tenens)
14 Sep 1958 -  1 Jul 1989  German                             (b. 1899 - d. 1991)
 1 Jul 1989 -  1 Dec 1990  Jovan Pavlovic of Zagreb           (b. 1936)
                             (Locum Tenens)
 1 Dec 1990 - 15 Nov 2009  Pavle                              (b. 1914 - d. 2009)
13 Nov 2007 - 23 Jan 2010  Amfilohije Radovic of Montenegro   (b. 1938)
                             (acting [for Pavle to 15 Nov 2009];
                             president of the Synod from 17 May 2008)
23 Jan 2010 -              Irinej                             (b. 1930)

Serbian Orthodox Church inside Austrian Empire

15 Dec 1864                Unilateral declaration of autocephaly.
 7 May 1885                Autocephaly recognized by Constantinople.
 4 Feb 1925                See elevated to Patriarchate by Constantinople.

Metropolitans of Hungaro-Walachia (under Ecumenical Patriarchate)
May 1679 -  7 Feb 1708     Theodosios (2nd time)              (b. 1620 - d. 1708)
 8 Feb 1708 - Sep/Oct 1716 Anthimos                           (b. 1650 - d. 1716)
Sep/Oc 1716 - 1719         Mitrofanis II                      (b. 16.. - d. 1720)
30 Aug 1719 - 22 Dec 1731  Daniil II                          (b. 1665 - d. 1731)
Jan/Feb 1732 -  4 Oct 1738 Stephanos II                       (b. 1680 - d. 1738)
18 Nov 1738 - 27 Jun 1753  Neophytos I                        (b. 1690 - d. 1753)
1753 - 1760                Philaretos I                       (d. 1760)
 8 Aug 1760 - 29 Sep 1787  Grigorios II                       (b. 1710 - d. 1787)
12 Oct 1787 - 14 Sep 1792  Kosmas                             (d. 1792)
17 Sep 1792 -  6 Oct 1793  Philaretos II                      (b. 1735 - d. 1794)
 6 Oct 1793 - 27 Jan 1810  Dositheos                          (b. 1734 - d. 1826)
17 May1810-Aug/Sep/Oct1812 Ignatios II                        (b. 1765 - d. 1829)
28 Dec 1812 - 13 May 1819  Nektarios                          (d. 1825)
May 1819 - Apr/May 1821    Dionysios II                       (b. 1769 - d. 1831)
16 Jan 1823 -  4 Jul 1834  Grigorios III                      (b. 1765 - d. 1834)
 3 Aug 1834 - 11 Jul 1840  Commission
                           - Ilarion of Arges                 (b. 1777 - d. 1845)
                           - Neophytos of Ramnic              (b. 1787 - d. 1850)
                           - Kaisarios of Buzau               (b. 1784 - d. 1846)
11 Jul 1840 - 27 Aug 1849  Neophytos II                       (s.a.)
 5 Oct 1850 - 29 Jan 1865  Nifon II                           (b. 1789 - d. 1875)
Metropolitans of Hungaro-Walachia and Primates of All Romania
29 Jan 1865 - 17 May 1875  Nifon                              (s.a.)
31 May 1875 - 14 Aug 1886  Calinic                            (b. 1822 - d. 1886)
22 Nov 1886 - 29 Mar 1893  Iosif (1st time)                   (b. 1829 - d. 1909)
18 May 1893 - 20 May 1896  Ghenadie                           (b. 1836 - d. 1918)
 6 Dec 1896 - 24 Jan 1909  Iosif (2nd time)                   (s.a.)
 5 Feb 1909 - 28 Jun 1911  Athanasie                          (b. 1856 - d. 1931)
19 Feb 1912 -  1 Jan 1919  Conon                              (b. 1837 - d. 1922)
31 Dec 1919 -  4 Feb 1925  Miron Cristea                      (b. 1868 - d. 1939)
Archbishops of Bucharest, Metropolitans of Hungro-Walachia, Patriarchs of All Romania 
 4 Feb 1925 -  7 Mar 1939  Miron                              (s.a.)
30 Jun 1939 - 27 Feb 1948  Nicodim                            (b. 1865 - d. 1948)
24 May 1948 - 26 Mar 1977  Justinian                          (b. 1901 - d. 1977)
12 Jun 1977 - 31 Jul 1986  Iustin                             (b. 1910 - d. 1986)
 9 Nov 1986 - 18 Jan 1990  Teoctist (1st time)                (b. 1915 - d. 2007)
18 Jan 1990 -  5 Apr 1990  Nicolae of Banat (Locum Tenens)    (b. 1923)
 5 Apr 1990 - 30 Jul 2007  Teoctist (2nd time)                (s.a.)
31 Jul 2007 - 12 Sep 2007  Daniel of Moldavia and Bucovina    (b. 1951)
                             (Locum Tenens)
12 Sep 2007 -              Daniel                             (s.a.)

911                        Unilateral elevation of See to Patriarchate (Preslav).
927                        Patriarchate recognized by Constantinople (Dristra).
971                        Patriarchate abolished by Constantinople.
976                        Unilateral elevation of See to Patriarchate (Ohrid).
1018                       Patriarchate abolished by Constantinople.
1235                       Patriarchate restored (Turnovo).
1393                       Patriarchate abolished.
11 Mar 1870                Unilateral establishment of Autocephalous Exarchate.
22 Feb 1945                Autocephaly recognized by Constantinople.
10 May 1953                Unilateral elevation of See to Patriarchate.
 1 Aug 1961                Patriarchate recognized by Constantinople.

Metropolitans of Turnovo (under Ecumenical Patriarchate)
1697?                      Theodosios
1708? - 1714               Dionysios IV                       (d. 1714)
1714 - 1722                Iosiph II
1722 - 1739                Nikiphoros
1739 - Jan/Feb 1751        Anthimos II
Jan/Feb 1751 - Jan 1764    Theophilos                         (d. 1764)
Jan 1764 - Jan/Feb 1770    Parthenios                         (d. 1777)
Jan/Feb 1770 - 1791        Kallinikos                         (d. 1791)
Dec1791/Jan1792-23Feb 1797 Mattheos (1st time)                (d. 1802)
23 Feb 1797 -  3 Nov 1797  Philotheos                         (d. 1816)
 3 Nov 1797 - 1802         Mattheos (2nd time)                (s.a.)
Mar/Apr 1802 - 1805        Daniil                             (d. 1805)
Jan/Feb 1806-Jun/Jul 1817  Makarios II                        (d. 1830)
Jun/Jul 1817 - 16 Jun 1821 Ioannikios                         (d. 1821)
Jun/Jul 1821 -  7 Jul 1827 Ilarion (1st time)                 (d. 1838)
 7 Jul 1827 - Nov/Dec 1830 Konstantios                        (b. 1760? - d. 1859)
Nov/Dec 1830 - 1838        Ilarion (2nd time)                 (s.a.)
Feb/Mar 1838 - 10 May 1840 Panaretos                          (d. 1878)
May/Jun 1840-Jun/Jul 1846  Neophytos (1st time)               (d. af.1874)
Jun/Jul 1846 - 1848        Athanasios II                      (d. 1848)
Aug/Sep 1848 -  7 Feb 1858 Neophytos (2nd time)               (s.a.)
 7 Feb 1858 - 1878         Grigorios                          (b. 1801 - d. 1882)
                             (in exile from 1872)
Exarchs of the Bulgarians
24 Feb 1872 - 28 Feb 1872  Ilarion                            (b. 1800 - d. 1884)
28 Feb 1872 - 24 Apr 1877  Anthim                             (b. 1816 - d. 1888)
 6 May 1877 -  3 Jul 1915  Iosiph                             (b. 1840 - d. 1915)
Provisional Heads of the Holy Synod
1915 - 1918                Partheni of Sofia                  (b. 1845 - d. 1918)
1918 - 1920                Vasili of Dorostolum               (b. 1847 - d. 1927)
1920 - 1921                Boris of Ohrid                     (b. 1875 - d. 1938)
1921 - 1927                Maxim of Plovdiv                   (b. 1850 - d. 1938)
28 Mar 1928 -  3 May 1930  Kliment of Vratsa                  (b. 1873 - d. 1930)
1930 - 16 Oct 1944         Neofit of Vidin                    (b. 1868 - d. 1971)
16 Oct 1944 - 21 Jan 1945  Stephan of Sofia                   (b. 1878 - d. 1957)
Exarch of the Bulgarians
21 Jan 1945 -  8 Sep 1948  Stephan                            (s.a.)
Provisional Heads of the Holy Synod
 8 Nov 1948 -  4 Jan 1949  Michael of Dorostolum              (b. 1884 - d. 1961)
1949 -  3 Jan 1951         Paisios of Vratsa                  (b. 1888 - d. 1974)
 3 Jan 1951 - 10 May 1953  Kiril of Plovdiv                   (b. 1901 - d. 1971)
Metropolitans of Sofia, Patriarchs of All Bulgaria 
10 May 1953 -  7 Mar 1971  Kiril                              (s.a.)
 4 Jul 1971 -              Maxim                              (b. 1914)
 4 Jul 1996 -  1 Oct 1998  Pimen (in opposition)              (b. 1906 - d. 1999)

467                        Autonomy granted by Antioch.
750                        Autocephaly granted by Antioch.
1008                       Adoption of the Catholicos-Patriarch title.
12 Jul 1811                Patriarchate abolished by Russia.
 7 Apr 1917                Patriarchate restored.
31 Oct 1943                Autocephaly recognized by Russia.
 3 Mar 1990                Patriarchate recognized by Constantinople.

Catholicos-Patriarchs of Iberia
1696 - 1700                Ioan VII (2nd time)
1700 - 1703                Evdemoz II
1704 - 1725                Domenti III (1st time)
1725 - 1737                Besarion
1737 - 1739                Kirile
1739 - 1741                Domenti III (2nd time)
1742 - 1744                Nikoloz VII
1744 - 1755                Anton I (1st time)                 (b. 1721 - d. 1788)
1755 - 1764                Ioseb                              (d. 1770)
1764 - 1788                Anton I (2nd time)                 (s.a.)
1788 - 22 Jun 1811         Anton II                           (b. 1762 - d. 1827)
Exarchs of Georgia (appointed by the Russian Church)
20 Jul 1811 - 26 May 1817  Varlaam                            (d. 1830)
26 May 1817 - 31 Jul 1821  Theophilakt                        (b. 1765 - d. 1821)
13 Oct 1821 - 17 Mar 1832  Iona                               (b. 1763 - d. 1849)
24 Mar 1832 - 25 Jul 1834  Moisey                             (b. 1783 - d. 1834)
13 Sep 1834 - 24 Nov 1844  Evgeniy                            (b. 1784 - d. 1862)
24 Nov 1844 - 13 Mar 1858  Isidor                             (b. 1799 - d. 1892)
13 Mar 1858 - 20 Dec 1877  Evseviy                            (b. 1809 - d. 1879)
20 Dec 1877 -  9 Jul 1882  Ioannikiy                          (b. 1826 - d. 1900)
28 Jul 1882 - 11 Oct 1887  Pavel                              (b. 1827 - d. 1892)
11 Oct 1887 - 30 Oct 1892  Palladiy                           (b. 1827 - d. 1898)
30 Oct 1892 -  5 Mar 1898  Vladimir                           (b. 1848 - d. 1918)
 5 Mar 1898 - 23 Nov 1901  Flavian                            (b. 1840 - d. 1915)
23 Nov 1901 - 14 Jul 1905  Alexiy I                           (b. 1837 - d. 1914)
14 Jul 1905 - 22 Jun 1906  Nikolay                            (b. 1852 - d. 1914)
22 Jun 1906 - 10 Jun 1908  Nikon                              (b. 1861 - d. 1908)
20 Dec 1909 - 22 Sep 1913  Innokentiy                         (b. 1862 - d. 1913)
17 Oct 1913 -  2 Jun 1914  Alexiy II                          (b. 1853 - d. 1914)
 9 Jul 1914 -  6 Dec 1915  Pitirim                            (b. 1858 - d. 1919)
18 Dec 1915 - 26 Aug 1917  Platon                             (b. 1866 - d. 1934)
1917 - 30 Sep 1917         Leonide (Locum Tenens)             (b. 1862 - d. 1921)
Archbishops of Mtsheta and Tbilisi, Catholicos-Patriarchs of All Georgia 
30 Sep 1917 - 17 Jun 1918  Kirion III                         (b. 1854 - d. 1918)
28 Nov 1918 - 11 Jun 1921  Leonide                            (s.a.)
 7 Sep 1921 - 29 Mar 1927  Ambrosi (imprisoned 1923-26)       (b. 1861 - d. 1927)
1923 - 1926                Kalistrate                         (b. 1866 - d. 1952)
                             (Locum Tenens during imprisonment of Ambrosi)
 4 Jul 1927 - 10 Jun 1932  Kristefore III                     (d. 1932)
21 Jun 1932 -  3 Feb 1952  Kalistrate                         (s.a.)
 5 Apr 1952 - 10 Jan 1960  Melkisedek III                     (b. 1872 - d. 1960)
20 Feb 1960 -  8 Apr 1972  Efrem II                           (b. 1896 - d. 1972)
 2 Jul 1972 -  9 Nov 1977  Davit V                            (b. 1903 - d. 1977)
 9 Nov 1977 - 23 Dec 1977  Ilia of Sukhumi (Locum Tenens)     (b. 1933)
23 Dec 1977 -              Ilia II                            (s.a.)

     Flag of the Orthodox Church

30 Jul 431                 Autocephaly granted by Antioch.
1260                       Abolition of Orthodox hierarchy by western rulers.
1571                       Restoration of Orthodox hierarchy.

Archbishops of Nea Justiniana and All Cyprus
1694 - 1705                Germanos II
1705 - 1710                Athanasios II                      (b. 16.. - d. 1724)
24 Feb 1707 - 1718         Iakovos II
                             (in opposition to 1710)
1718 - 1734                Silvestros                         (d. 1734)
1734 - 1745                Philotheos (1st time)              (b. c.1700 - d. 1759)
 6 Mar 1745 - Jun/Jul 1745 Neophytos III                      (d. 1745)
1745 - Jun/Jul 1759        Philotheos (2nd time)              (s.a.)
1759 - Aug/Sep 1761        Paisios (1st time)                 (b. 1712 - d. 1767)
1761 - 1762                Kyprianos (Locum Tenens)           (b. 1723? - d. 1783)
 4 May 1762 - 12 Jan 1767  Paisios (2nd time)                 (s.a.)
Jan/Feb 1767 - 10 Nov 1783 Chrysanthos (1st time)             (d. 1810)
Nov/Dec 1783 - 1784        Ioannikios (not consecrated)
1784 - Jun/Jul 1810        Chrysanthos (2nd time)             (s.a.)
Jun/Jul 1810 - 21 Jul 1821 Kyprianos                          (b. 1756 - d. 1821)
Dec 1821 -  2 Jun 1824     Ioakim
19 Jun 1824 - 1827         Damaskinos                         (d. 1846)
1827 - 25 Oct 1840         Panaretos                          (d. 1842)
26 Oct 1840 - 15 Apr 1849  Ioannikios                         (d. 1849)
Apr/May 1849 -  5 Aug 1854 Kyrillos I                         (d. 1854)
Aug/Sep 1854 - 16 Aug 1865 Makarios I                         (d. 1865)
Aug/Sep 1865 - 23 May 1900 Sophronios III                     (b. 1825 - d. 1900)
23 May 1900 -  3 Mar 1908  Vacant
 3 Mar 1908 -  3 Mar 1910  Kyrillos II (1st time)             (b. 1859 - d. 1933)
21 Apr 1909 - 19 Jul 1916  Kyrillos II                        (b. 1844 - d. 1916)
                             (in opposition to 3 Mar 1910)
19 Jul 1916 - 24 Nov 1916  Iakovos of Paphos (Locum Tenens)   (b. 1872 - d. 1929)
24 Nov 1916 - 16 Nov 1933  Kyrillos III (2nd time)            (s.a.)
18 Nov 1933 - 20 Jun 1947  Leontios of Paphos (Locum Tenens)  (b. 1896 - d. 1947)
20 Jun 1947 - 26 Jul 1947  Leontios                           (s.a.)
26 Jul 1947 - 24 Dec 1947  Makarios of Kyrenia                (b. 1870 - d. 1950)
                             (Locum Tenens)
24 Dec 1947 - 28 Jun 1950  Makarios II                        (s.a.)
28 Jun 1950 - 18 Oct 1950  Kleopas of Paphos (Locum Tenens)   (b. 1878 - d. 1951)
18 Oct 1950 - 13 Apr 1973  Makarios III (1st time)            (b. 1913 - d. 1977)
13 Apr 1973 -  8 Jul 1973  Gennadios of Paphos (Locum Tenens) (b. 1893 - d. 1986)
 8 Jul 1973 -  3 Aug 1977  Makarios III (2nd time)            (s.a.)
                            (in exile 15 Jul 1974 - 23 Jul 1974, in
                             Malta then London, from 18 Jul 1974 New York)
 3 Aug 1977 - 12 Nov 1977  Chrysostomos of Paphos             (b. 1927 - d. 2007)
                             (Locum Tenens)
12 Nov 1977 - 17 May 2006  Chrysostomos I                     (s.a.)
17 May 2006 -  5 Nov 2006  Chrysostomos of Paphos             (b. 1941)
                             (Locum Tenens [de facto from 27 Apr 2002])
 5 Nov 2006 -              Chrysostomos II                    (s.a.)

     Flag of the Orthodox Church

 4 Aug 1833                Unilateral declaration of autocephaly.
11 Jul 1850                Autocephaly recognized by Constantinople.
31 Dec 1923                See elevated to Archdiocese.

Metropolitans of Athens (under Ecumenical Patriarchate)
1699 - 1703                Kyrillos II                        (d. 1722?)
Oct/Nov 1703 - 1713        Meletios II                        (b. 1661 - d. 1714)
1713 - 1734                Iakovos II
1734 - Jan 1741            Zacharias                          (d. 1741)
15 Jan 1741 - 1756         Anthimos VI (1st time)             (b. c.1714 - d. 1764)
1756 - 1760                Athanasios III
1760 - 23 Jan 1764         Anthimos VI (2nd time)             (s.a.)
Jan/Feb 1764 - 1771?       Vartholomaios (1st time)           (d. 1781)
1771? - 1774               Neophytos IV
1774 - 15 Nov 1781         Vartholomaios (2nd time)           (s.a.)
11 Dec 1781 - Jun/Jul 1785 Venediktos (1st time)              (b. 17.. - d. af.1806)
Jun/Jul 1785-Nov/Dec 1787  Athanasios IV (1st time)           (b. 17.. - d. 1799)
 3 Dec 1787 - 30 Sep 1789  Venediktos (2nd time)              (s.a.)
30 Sep 1789 - Nov/Dec 1789 Athanasios IV (2nd time)           (s.a.)
Nov/Dec 1789-Oct/Nov 1796  Venediktos (3rd time)              (s.a.)
Oct/Nov 1796 - 28 Sep 1799 Athanasios IV (3rd time)           (s.a.)
Oct 1799 - Feb/Mar 1820    Grigorios III                      (b. 17.. - d. 1821)
Feb/Mar 1820 - 23 May 1823 Dionysios II                       (b. 17.. - d. 1823)
23 May 1823 - Sep/Oct 1827 Vacant
Sep/Oct 1827- Mar/Apr 1828 Grigorios IV                       (b. 17.. - d. 1828)
Mar/Apr 1828 - 27 Jul 1833 Anthimos VII                       (b. 17.. - d. 1842)
Metropolitans of Athens and All Greece
 2 Dec 1833 - 10 Jan 1862  Neophytos V                        (b. 1762 - d. 1862)
                             (Bishop of Attiki to 11 Jul 1850)
13 Jan 1862 -  2 Aug 1862  Misail                             (b. 1789 - d. 1862)
 8 Aug 1862 - 15 Jul 1873  Theophilos                         (b. 1780 - d. 1873)
 9 Aug 1873 - 15 May 1874  Antonios                           (b. 1825 - d. 1892)
 8 Jun 1874 - 11 Feb 1889  Prokopios I                        (b. 1813 - d. 1889)
11 Feb 1889 - 17 Jul 1889  Panaretos of Messinia              (b. 1839 - d. 1897)
                             (Locum Tenens)
17 Jul 1889 - 30 Jan 1896  Germanos II                        (b. 1844 - d. 1896)
30 Jan 1896 - 12 Oct 1896  Nikandros of Argolida              (b. 1836 - d. 1912)
                             (Locum Tenens)
13 Oct 1896 - 23 Oct 1896  Parthenios of Akarnania            (b. 1836 - d. 1914)
                             (Locum Tenens)
23 Oct 1896 - 21 Nov 1901  Prokopios II                       (b. 1837 - d. 1902)
21 Nov 1901 - 13 Oct 1902  Methodios of Syros (Locum Tenens)  (b. 1833 - d. 1903)
14 Oct 1902 - 17 Nov 1902  Theoklitos of Monemvasia           (b. 1848 - d. 1931)
                             (Locum Tenens)
17 Nov 1902 - 11 Oct 1917  Theoklitos I (1st time)            (s.a.)
11 Oct 1917 - 13 Mar 1918  Efthymios of Fanarion (1st time)   (b. 1847 - d. 1934)
                             (Locum Tenens)
13 Mar 1918 - 29 Nov 1920  Meletios III                       (b. 1871 - d. 1935)
29 Nov 1920 - 16 Dec 1922  Theoklitos I (2nd time)            (s.a.)
16 Dec 1922 -  8 Mar 1923  Efthymios of Fanarion (2nd time)   (s.a.)
                             (Locum Tenens)
 8 Mar 1923 - 31 Dec 1923  Chrysostomos I                     (b. 1868 - d. 1938)
Archbishops of Athens and All Greece
31 Dec 1923 - 22 Oct 1938  Chrysostomos I                     (s.a.)
22 Oct 1938 -  5 Nov 1938  Amvrosios of Fthiotida (1st time)  (b. 1880 - d. 1958)
                             (Locum Tenens)
 5 Nov 1938 -  1 Dec 1938  Damaskinos (1st time)              (b. 1891 - d. 1949)
 1 Dec 1938 - 12 Dec 1938  Amvrosios of Fthiotida (2nd time)  (s.a.)
                             (Locum Tenens)
12 Dec 1938 -  2 Jul 1941  Chrysanthos                        (b. 1881 - d. 1949)
 2 Jul 1941 - 20 May 1949  Damaskinos (2nd time)              (s.a.)
20 May 1949 -  4 Jun 1949  Ioakim of Xanthi (Locum Tenens)    (b. 1875 - d. 1953)
 4 Jun 1949 - 21 Mar 1956  Spyridon                           (b. 1873 - d. 1956)
21 Mar 1956 - 29 Mar 1956  Alexandros of Veria (Locum Tenens) (b. 1878 - d. 1958)
29 Mar 1956 - 26 Jul 1957  Dorotheos III                      (b. 1888 - d. 1957)
26 Jul 1957 -  7 Aug 1957  Ierotheos of Aitoloakarnania       (b. 1877 - d. 1961)
                             (Locum Tenens)
 7 Aug 1957 -  8 Jan 1962  Theoklitos II                      (b. 1890 - d. 1962)
 8 Jan 1962 - 13 Jan 1962  Germanos of Mantinia (1st time)    (b. 1880 - d. 1964)
                             (Locum Tenens)
13 Jan 1962 - 25 Jan 1962  Iakovos III                        (b. 1895 - d. 1984)
25 Jan 1962 - 14 Feb 1962  Germanos of Mantinia (2nd time)    (s.a.)
                             (Locum Tenens)
14 Feb 1962 - 11 May 1967  Chrysostomos II                    (b. 1880 - d. 1968)
11 May 1967 - 14 May 1967  Konstantinos of Patra              (b. 1901 - d. 1975)
                             (Head of Extraordinary Synod)
14 May 1967 - 12 Dec 1973  Ieronymos                          (b. 1905 - d. 1988)
12 Dec 1973 - 12 Jan 1974  Georgios of Kalavryta              (b. 1903 - d. 1978)
                             (Locum Tenens)
12 Jan 1974 - 10 Apr 1998  Seraphim                           (b. 1913 - d. 1998)
10 Apr 1998 - 28 Apr 1998  Chrysostomos of Messinia           (b. 1918 - d. 2007)
                             (Locum Tenens)
28 Apr 1998 - 28 Jan 2008  Christodoulos                      (b. 1939 - d. 2008)
28 Jan 2008 -  7 Feb 2008  Seraphim of Karystia and Skyros    (b. 1929)
                             (Locum Tenens)
 7 Feb 2008 -              Ieronymos II                       (b. 1938)

1921                       Semi-autonomy granted by Russia.
13 Nov 1924                Autocephaly granted by Constantinople.
22 Jun 1948                Autocephaly recognized by Russia.

Exarch of Poland
27 Sep 1921 - 30 Jan 1922  Jerzy                              (b. 1872 - d. 1923)
Metropolitans of Warsaw and All Poland
30 Jan 1922 -  6 Feb 1923  Jerzy                              (s.a.)
27 Feb 1923 - 17 Apr 1947  Dionizy¹                           (b. 1876 - d. 1960)
17 Apr 1947 -  7 Aug 1951  Tymoteusz of Bialystok and Gdansk  (b. 1901 - d. 1962)
                             (1st time) (Locum Tenens)
 7 Aug 1951 -  8 Dec 1959  Makary¹                            (b. 1884 - d. 1961)
 8 Dec 1959 -  5 May 1961  Tymoteusz of Bialystok and Gdansk  (s.a.)
                             (2nd time) (Locum Tenens)     
 5 May 1961 - 20 May 1962  Tymoteusz                          (s.a.)
24 May 1962 - 25 May 1965  Jerzy of Lódz and Poznan           (b. 1900 - d. 1979)
                             (1st time) (Locum Tenens)
25 May 1965 - 26 Mar 1969  Stefan                             (b. 1891 - d. 1969)
26 Mar 1969 -  1 Mar 1970  Jerzy of Lódz and Poznan           (s.a.)
                             (2nd time) (Locum Tenens)
 1 Mar 1970 - 11 Feb 1998  Bazyli                             (b. 1914 - d. 1998)
11 Feb 1998 - 12 May 1998  Sawa of Bialystok and Gdansk       (b. 1938)
                             (Locum Tenens)           
12 May 1998 -              Sawa                               (s.a.)

 ¹Constantinople continued to recognize Dionizy as metropolitan until his death 15 Mar 1960 
and never recognized Makary, who was recognized by the Russian Church. After the death of 
Dionizy, Constantinople recognized Tymoteusz. 

23 Sep 1922                Unilateral declaration of Autocephaly.
30 Mar 1937                Autocephaly recognized by Constantinople.
22 Nov 1967 - Nov 1990     Religious practice outlawed in Albania.

Metropolitans of Durrës (under Archdiocese of Ohrid)
1694 - 26 Jan 1702         Kosmas                             (b. 1643 - d. 1702)
1702 - 17..                Nikodimos
1740? - 1749               Nikitas
 8 Mar 1749 - 1760         Anthimos I                         (d. 1770?)
1760 - 1761                Neophytos
1761 - Jan 1767            Meletios                           (d. af.1794)
Metropolitans of Durrës and Gora (under Ecumenical Patriarchate)
31 Jan 1767 - 1772         Grigorios
May/Jun 1772 - 1783        Konstantios                        (d. 1783)
Apr/May 1783 -Jan/Feb 1805 Efthymios                          (d. 1805)
Jan/Feb 1805 -May/Jun 1820 Samouil                            (d. 1830)
May/Jan 1820 -Jul/Aug 1833 Chrysanthos                        (d. 1846)
Jul/Aug 1833 - 1837        Gerasimos                          (d. 1837)
Dec 1837/Jan 1838 - 1844   Anthimos II                        (d. 1844)
Mar/Apr 1844 - 1845        Anthimos III                       (d. 1845)
Jul/Aug 1845 - 18 Nov 1858 Ioannikios                         (d. 1859)
18 Nov 1858 - 22 Nov 1858  Gennadios                          (d. 1876)
22 Nov 1858 - Jan/Feb 1859 Afxentios                          (d. 1865) 
 2 Feb 1859 - 24 Jan 1867  Iosiph                             (d. 1867)
20 Mar 1869 - Mar/Apr 1899 Vissarion                          (d. 1899)
17 May 1899 - 23 Oct 1906  Prokopios                          (d. 1923)
23 Oct 1906 - 28 Feb 1911  Ioannis                            (d. 1913)
28 Feb 1911 - 20 Jan 1925  Iakovos                            (b. 1878 - d. 1958)
                             (in exile since 8 Nov 1921)
Metropolitans of Tiranë (not recognized by other Orthodox churches)
 4 Dec 1923 - 24 Dec 1924  Theofan                            (b. 1882 - d. 1965)
Dec 1924 - 18 Feb 1929     Jerotheu (Locum Tenens)
18 Feb 1929 - 27 May 1936  Visarion                           (b. 1887 - d. 1965)
Archbishops of Tiranë, Durrës and All Albania
 3 Apr 1937 - 25 Dec 1948  Kristofor¹                         (b. 1882 - d. 1958)
25 Aug 1949 -  4 Mar 1966  Paisi¹                             (b. 1882 - d. 1966)
Apr 1966 - 22 Nov 1967     Damian¹                            (b. 1893 - d. 1973)
 8 Jan 1991 - 24 Jun 1992  Anastas of Androusa -Exarch        (b. 1929)
24 Jun 1992 -              Anastas                            (s.a.)

 ¹Constantinople continued to recognize Christophoros as archbishop until his death 
19 Jun 1958 and never recognized Paisi or Damian, who were only recognized by the Russian Church. The Russian Church continued to recognize Damian as archbishop until his death 18 Oct
1973. 

 3 Mar 1923                Autonomy granted by Constantinople.
23 Nov 1951                Autocephaly granted by Russia.
27 Aug 1998                Autocephaly recognized by Constantinople.

Archbishop of All Czechia and Slovakia
 4 Apr 1923 - 1948         Sabbazd¹                           (b. 1880 - d. 1959)
Exarch of the Patriarchate of Moscow in Czechoslovakia
 4 May 1946 -  9 Dec 1951  Jelevferij¹                        (b. 1892 - d. 1959)
                             (in opposition to 1948)
Metropolitans of All Czechoslovakia (later, of the Czech Lands and Slovakia) 
 9 Dec 1951 - 28 Nov 1955  Jelevferij¹                        (s.a.)
17 May 1956 - 1964         Ján¹                               (b. 1901 - d. 1975)
25 Oct 1964 - 30 Dec 1999  Dorotej                            (b. 1913 - d. 1999)
14 Apr 2000 - 30 Jan 2006  Nikolaj                            (b. 1927 - d. 2006)
 2 May 2006 -              Krystof                            (b. 1953)

 ¹Constantinople continued to recognize Sabbazd as archbishop until his death 14 Nov 1959 
and never recognized Eleutherius, who was recognized by the Russian Church. Constantinople recognized Ján only after the death of Sabbazd (the Russian Church never recognized
Sabbazd). 

1840                       A Russian Orthodox diocese is founded in Sitka, Alaska.
1872                       See transferred to San Francisco.
1905                       See transferred to New York.
1924                       Unilateral declaration of autonomy.
1946                       Autonomy under Russia.
10 Apr 1970                Autocephaly granted by Russia (not recognized by the Ecumenical
                             Patriarchate of Constantinople and the majority of the
                             Orthodox Churches).

Bishops
1840 - 1858                Innocent                           (b. 1797 - d. 1879)
29 Mar 1859 -  9 Nov 1866  Peter                              (b. 1820 - d. 1889)
 9 Nov 1866 - 10 Jun 1870  Paul                               (b. 1813 - d. 1877)
 5 Jul 1870 - 12 Apr 1877  John                               (b. 1836 - d. 1914)
17 Dec 1878 - 30 Jun 1882  Nestor                             (b. 1825 - d. 1882)
20 Dec 1887 -  8 Jun 1891  Vladimir                           (b. 1852 - d. 1931)
 8 Jun 1891 - Sep 1891     Nicholas (I)                       (b. 1849 - d. 1896)
                             (did not go to America)
29 Sep 1891 - 1898         Nicholas (II)                      (b. 1851 - d. 1915)
1898 - 1905                Tikhon                             (b. 1865 - d. 1925)
Archbishops of All America and Canada
1905 - 25 Jan 1907         Tikhon                             (s.a.)
 6 Jun 1907 - 20 Mar 1914  Platon                             (b. 1866 - d. 1934)
29 Jul 1914 - 25 Feb 1919  Evdokim                            (b. 1869 - d. 1935)
                             (left America 6 Aug 1917)
25 Feb 1919 -  7 Jun 1922  Alexander                          (b. 1876 - d. 1960)
                             (administrator 6 Aug 1917 - 25 Feb 1919)
Archbishops of Washington D.C., Metropolitans of All America and Canada
 7 Jun 1922 - 20 Apr 1934  Platon                             (s.a.)
                             (administrator to 7 Nov 1922)
Apr 1934 - 27 Jun 1950     Theophilus                         (b. 1874 - d. 1950)
                             (Locum Tenens to 22 Nov 1934)
27 Jun 1950 - 14 May 1965  Leonty                             (b. 1876 - d. 1965)
                             (Locum Tenens to 6 Dec 1950)
14 May 1965 - 25 Oct 1977  Ireney                             (b. 1892 - d. 1981)
                             (Locum Tenens to 23 Sep 1965)
15 May 1974 - 25 Oct 1977  Sylvester (administrator)          (b. 1914 - d. 2000)
25 Oct 1977 - 21 Jul 2002  Theodosius                         (b. 1933)
22 Jul 2002 -  4 Sep 2008  Herman                             (b. 1932)
                             (administrator 1 May - 1 Sep 2001)
 4 Sep 2008 - 12 Nov 2008  Dmitri of Dallas and the South     (b. 1923)
                             (Locum Tenens)
                           + Seraphim of Ottawa and Canada    (b. 1947)
                             (administrator)
12 Nov 2008 -              Jonah                              (b. 1959)

1567                       Autonomy under Patriarchate of Jerusalem.

Archbishops of Sinai and Raithu
Sep/Oct 1671 -Feb/Mar 1702 Ioannikios I                       (d. 1703)
Sep/Oct 1702 - 13 Feb 1706 Kosmas                             (b. 16.. - d. 1736)
 7 May 1707 - 1720         Athanasios                         (d. 1720)
1721 - 1728                Ioannikios II                      (d. 1728)
1728 - 1747                Nikiphoros                         (d. af.1747)
1748 - 1759                Konstantios I                      (d. 1759/60)
28 Oct 1759 - 23 Jan 1790  Kyrillos I                         (b. c.1700 - d. 1790)
1794 - Jun/Jul 1797        Dorotheos                          (d. 1797)
1804 - 17 Jan 1859         Konstantios II                     (b. 1770 - d. 1859)
19 Jan 1859 -  5 Sep 1867  Kyrillos II                        (d. 1882)
 2 Feb 1867 - 21 Apr 1885  Kallistratos                       (b. 1818 - d. 1885)
21 Aug 1885 - 19 Apr 1904  Porphyrios I                       (b. 1838 - d. 1909)
 7 May 1904 - 14 Jul 1926  Porphyrios II                      (b. 1859 - d. 1926)
29 Jul 1926 - 24 Nov 1968  Porphyrios III                     (b. 1878 - d. 1968)
 4 Jan 1969 - 11 Sep 1973  Grigorios                          (b. 1912 - d. 1973)
10 Dec 1973 -              Damianos                           (b. 1935)

Sep/Oct 1766               Autocephaly proclaimed (accepted by Russian Church and
                             soon after by Constantinople).
12 Sep 1920                Autocephaly abolished; merged into Serbian Orthodox Church
                             (Orthodox Metropolitanate of Montenegro and the Littoral).

Metropolitans (vladikas) ('Exarchs of the Pec Throne')
Sep/Oct 1766 -  9 Mar 1781 Sava II                            (b. 1700 - d. 1781)
10 Mar 1781 - Mar 1782     Arsenije II Plamenac (Locum Tenens)(b. 1700 - d. 1784)
Mar 1782 - 30 Oct 1830     Petar I                            (b. 1747 - d. 1830)
                             (consecrated 24 Oct 1784)
30 Oct 1830 - 31 Oct 1851  Petar II                           (b. 1813 - d. 1851)
                             (consecrated 18 Aug 1833)
 1 Nov 1851 - 25 Jan 1852  Pero Petrovic-Njegos (Locum Tenens)(b. 1811 - d. 1854)
25 Jan 1852 - 25 Mar 1852  Danilo II                          (b. 1826 - d. 1860)
                             (not consecrated)
Metropolitans
1853 -  5 Aug 1860         Nikanor Ivanovic-Njegos            (d. 1894)
                             (consecrated Dec 1858/Jan 1859)
17 Aug 1860 - 27 Jan 1882  Ilarion Roganovic                  (b. 1828 - d. 1882)
                             (consecrated 4 Jun 1863)
15 Jan 1882 - 26 Apr 1884  Visarion III Ljubisa               (b. 1823 - d. 1884)
Jun 1884 - 12 Oct 1920     Mitrofan Ban                       (b. 1841 - d. 1920)
                             (consecrated 30 Apr 1885; co-adjutor 1877-84)
Archbishops of Cetinje, Metropolitans of Montenegro and the Littoral
(subordinated to the Serbian Orthodox Patriarch)
12 Oct 1920 - 17 Nov 1920  Vacant
17 Nov 1920 - 21 Feb 1938  Gavrilo Dozic                      (b. 1881 - d. 1950)
21 Feb 1938 - 10 Dec 1940  Vacant
10 Dec 1940 - Apr 1945     Joanikije Lipovac                  (b. 1890 - d. 1945)
Apr 1945 - Nov 1946        Josif Cvijovic (administrator)     (b. 1878 - d. 1957)  
Nov 1946 - 20 May 1947     Vladimir Rajic (administrator)     (b. 1882 - d. 1956)  
20 May 1947 -  6 Jul 1954  Arsenije II Bradvarevic            (b. 1883 - d. 1963)
 6 Jul 1954 - 1958         Andrej Frusic (1st time)           (b. 1916 - d. 1986)
                             (administrator)          
1958 - Nov 1958            Pavle Stojcevic (Locum Tenens)     (b. 1914 - d. 2009)
                           + Simo Martinovic (administrator)  (d. 1961)
Nov 1958 - Jul 1961        Andrej Frusic (2nd time)           (s.a.)
                             (administrator)  
Jul 1961 - 30 Dec 1990     Danilo III Dajkovic                (b. 1896 - d. 1993)
30 Dec 1990 -              Amfilohije Radovic                 (b. 1938)

1892                       Separate Archeparchy of Vyborg and Finland established
                             within the Russian Orthodox Church.
26 Nov 1918                Unilateral declaration of autonomy.
Feb 1921                   Autonomy under Russia.
 7 Jul 1923                Autonomy under Ecumenical Patriarchate.
1957                       Russia recognizes autonomy under Ecumenical Patriarchate.

Archeparchs of Vyborg and All Finland
1892 - 1898                Antony                             (b. 1846 - d. 1912)
1899 - 1905                Nikolay                            (b. 1852 - d. 1914)
1905 - 1917                Sergey                             (b. 1867 - d. 1944)
1917 - 1918                Seraphim                           (b. 1879 - d. 1959)
Archbishop of Vyborg and All Finland
26 Nov 1918 - 1925         Seraphim                           (s.a.)
Archbishops of Karelia and All Finland
1925 -  1 Jul 1960         Herman                             (b. 1878 - d. 1961)
29 Aug 1960 - 16 Sep 1987  Paavali                            (b. 1914 - d. 1988)
15 Oct 1987 -  1 Oct 2001  Johannes                           (b. 1923 - d. 2010)
25 Oct 2001 -              Leo                                (b. 1948)

28 Jun 1920                Autonomy under Russia.
 7 Jul 1923                Autonomy under Ecumenical Patriarchate.
30 Mar 1941                Autonomy abolished by Russia.
30 Jun 1941                Autonomy under Ecumenical Patriarchate restored.
 9 Mar 1945                Autonomy abolished by Russia.
13 Apr 1978                Autonomous status deemed inactive by Constantinople.
24 Feb 1996                Autonomy under Ecumenical Patriarchate restored.

Archbishop of Tallinn and All Estonia
14 Sep 1920 -  7 Jul 1923  Aleksander                         (b. 1872 - d. 1953)
Metropolitans of Tallinn and All Estonia
 7 Jul 1923 - 18 Oct 1953  Aleksander                         (s.a.)
                             (from 20 Sep 1944 in Germany,
                             from 1947 in Sweden exile)
Oct 1953 - 15 Oct 1962     Athinagoras I of Thyatira and      (b. 1885 - d. 1962)
                             Great Britain (Locum Tenens)
14 Oct 1956 - 1961         Jüri -Bishop (in exile)
10 Dec 1963 - 13 Apr 1978  Athinagoras II of Thyatira and     (b. 1912 - d. 1979)
                             Great Britain (Locum Tenens) 
20 Feb 1996 - 16 Mar 1999  John of Finland (Locum Tenens)     (b. 1923)
16 Mar 1999 -              Stephanos                          (b. 1940)

Jul 1921                   Autonomy under Russia.
Feb 1936                   Autonomy under Ecumenical Patriarchate.
30 Mar 1941                Autonomy abolished by Russia.
20 Jul 1941                Autonomy under Ecumenical Patriarchate restored.
15 Jul 1942                Autonomy abolished by Russia.

Archbishops of Riga and All Latvia
Jul 1921 - 12 Oct 1934     Janis                                (b. 1876 - d. 1934)
12 Oct 1934 - 17 Mar 1936  Vacant
Metropolitan of Riga and All Latvia
17 Mar 1936 -  5 Oct 1955  Augustins                            (b. 1873 - d. 1955)
                             (in exile from Sep 1944)

1880                       A Russian Orthodox diocese is founded in Tokyo.
1945                       Unilateral declaration of autonomy.
10 Apr 1970                Autonomy under Russia 
                             (not recognized by the Ecumenical Patriarchate).

Bishop
1880 - 1906                Nicholas                           (b. 1836 - d. 1912)
Archbishops of Tokyo, Metropolitans of All Japan
1906 - 1912                Nicholas                           (s.a.)
1912 - 1945                Sergius                            (b. 1871 - d. 1945)
1946 - 1952